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Cao X, Zhi L, Jia Y, Li Y, Zhao K, Cui X, Ci L, Zhuang D, Wei J. A Review of the Role of Solvents in Formation of High-Quality Solution-Processed Perovskite Films. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:7639-7654. [PMID: 30673209 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b16315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Recently, perovskite solar cells have attracted great attention because of their outstanding photovoltaic performance and ease of fabrication. High-quality perovskite films hold a key in getting highly efficient perovskite solar cells. Solution-processed fabrication technique is the most widely adopted for preparing perovskite films because of its low cost. In the solution-proceed perovskite films, solvents not only play the role of dissolving the solute but also participate in the crystallization of perovskite. In the one-step method, solvents play key roles in controlling morphology, widening process window, and achieving room-temperature crystallization of perovskite films. In addition, the solvents play important roles in controlling the nuclei/growth, suppressing volume expansion during the two-step method. Especially, the solvent can induce grain coarsening during the annealing process. A deep understanding of the multiplicity of roles during the formation of perovskite films will help understand the formation mechanism of perovskite films. Here, a systematic review on the progress in fabrication of high-quality perovskite films by making use of solvent to control the crystallization is presented. Meanwhile, we elucidate the key roles of solvent in the fabrication of high-quality perovskite films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobing Cao
- State Key Lab of New Ceramic and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology (Ministry of Education) , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , P.R. China
| | - Lili Zhi
- School of Materials Science & Engineering , Shandong University , Jinan 250061 , Shandong , P.R. China
| | - Yi Jia
- Qian Xueshen Laboratory of Space Technology , Youyi Road No. 104 , Haidian District, Beijing 100094 , P.R. China
| | - Yahui Li
- State Key Lab of New Ceramic and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology (Ministry of Education) , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , P.R. China
| | - Ke Zhao
- State Key Lab of New Ceramic and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology (Ministry of Education) , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , P.R. China
| | - Xian Cui
- State Key Lab of New Ceramic and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology (Ministry of Education) , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , P.R. China
| | - Lijie Ci
- School of Materials Science & Engineering , Shandong University , Jinan 250061 , Shandong , P.R. China
| | - Daming Zhuang
- State Key Lab of New Ceramic and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology (Ministry of Education) , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , P.R. China
| | - Jinquan Wei
- State Key Lab of New Ceramic and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology (Ministry of Education) , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , P.R. China
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Yuan F, Yang F, Zhang W, Jia Y, Ma Y, Qu Y, Wang X, Huo K, Wang C, Yuan X, Song C, Zhang B, Jiang W. Optimizing early enteral nutrition in severe stroke (OPENS): protocol for a multicentre randomized controlled trial. BMC Neurol 2019; 19:24. [PMID: 30755171 PMCID: PMC6371599 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-019-1253-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Malnutrition is one of the crucial factors associated with poor prognosis in critical ill patients, yet a significant evidence gap surrounds the management of initial enteral feeding in severe stroke. The Optimizing Early Enteral Nutrition in Severe Stroke (OPENS) trial will compare a strategy of modified full enteral nutrition (EN) (standard full EN in conjunction with prokinetic drug) and a strategy of permissive underfeeding (40 to 60% of estimated caloric requirements) with standard full EN (advancement to target nutrition goals) in patients with severe stroke. Methods The OPENS trial is a multicenter randomized controlled study. A total of 600 adult patients with severe stroke will be enrolled in 12 study sites in China, and randomized to standard full EN, modified full EN, or permissive underfeeding. The primary outcome measurement is the proportion of participants with a poor outcome (modified Rankin Scale ≥3) at day 90 of enrollment. Secondary outcomes include incidence rates of complications during hospitalization, disability at hospital discharge, and the ability of activities of daily living at day 90 of enrollment. The relationship between intervention and the primary outcome will be analyzed using multivariate logistic regression adjusted for study site, demographics, and baseline characteristics. Discussion The OPENS trial will explore the optimum initial feeding strategy for acute severe stroke. This trial is, therefore, an important step in bridging the evidence gap surrounding the enteral feeding for patients with severe stroke during the first week of hospitalization. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02982668; First Posted: December 5, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Yi Jia
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an Gaoxing Hospital, Xi'an, 710075, China
| | - Yaling Ma
- Department of Neurology, Yulin No.1 Hospital, Yulin, 719000, China
| | - Yongcai Qu
- Department of Neurology, Yan'an University Affiliated Hospital, Yanan, 716000, China
| | - Xinglai Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an, 710003, China
| | - Kang Huo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Chengkai Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tongchuan People's Hospital, Tongchuan, 727000, China
| | - Xiangjun Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Weinan Central Hospital, Weinan, 714000, China
| | - Chaohui Song
- Department of Neurology, Tongchuan Mining Bureau Hospital, Tongchuan, 727000, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710077, China
| | - Wen Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China. .,The Shaanxi Cerebrovascular Disease Clinical Research Center, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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203
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Aguilar M, Ali Cavasonza L, Ambrosi G, Arruda L, Attig N, Azzarello P, Bachlechner A, Barao F, Barrau A, Barrin L, Bartoloni A, Basara L, Başeğmez-du Pree S, Battiston R, Becker U, Behlmann M, Beischer B, Berdugo J, Bertucci B, Bindi V, de Boer W, Bollweg K, Borgia B, Boschini MJ, Bourquin M, Bueno EF, Burger J, Burger WJ, Cai XD, Capell M, Caroff S, Casaus J, Castellini G, Cervelli F, Chang YH, Chen GM, Chen HS, Chen Y, Cheng L, Chou HY, Choutko V, Chung CH, Clark C, Coignet G, Consolandi C, Contin A, Corti C, Crispoltoni M, Cui Z, Dadzie K, Dai YM, Datta A, Delgado C, Della Torre S, Demirköz MB, Derome L, Di Falco S, Dimiccoli F, Díaz C, von Doetinchem P, Dong F, Donnini F, Duranti M, Egorov A, Eline A, Eronen T, Feng J, Fiandrini E, Fisher P, Formato V, Galaktionov Y, García-López RJ, Gargiulo C, Gast H, Gebauer I, Gervasi M, Giovacchini F, Gómez-Coral DM, Gong J, Goy C, Grabski V, Grandi D, Graziani M, Guo KH, Haino S, Han KC, He ZH, Heil M, Hsieh TH, Huang H, Huang ZC, Incagli M, Jia Y, Jinchi H, Kanishev K, Khiali B, Kirn T, Konak C, Kounina O, Kounine A, Koutsenko V, Kulemzin A, La Vacca G, Laudi E, Laurenti G, Lazzizzera I, Lebedev A, Lee HT, Lee SC, Leluc C, Li JQ, Li Q, Li TX, Li ZH, Light C, Lin CH, Lippert T, Liu FZ, Liu H, Liu Z, Lu SQ, Lu YS, Luebelsmeyer K, Luo F, Luo JZ, Luo X, Lyu SS, Machate F, Mañá C, Marín J, Martin T, Martínez G, Masi N, Maurin D, Menchaca-Rocha A, Meng Q, Mo DC, Molero M, Mott P, Mussolin L, Nelson T, Ni JQ, Nikonov N, Nozzoli F, Oliva A, Orcinha M, Palermo M, Palmonari F, Paniccia M, Pashnin A, Pauluzzi M, Pensotti S, Perrina C, Phan HD, Picot-Clemente N, Plyaskin V, Pohl M, Poireau V, Popkow A, Quadrani L, Qi XM, Qin X, Qu ZY, Rancoita PG, Rapin D, Conde AR, Rosier-Lees S, Rozhkov A, Rozza D, Sagdeev R, Solano C, Schael S, Schmidt SM, Schulz von Dratzig A, Schwering G, Seo ES, Shan BS, Shi JY, Siedenburg T, Song JW, Sun ZT, Tacconi M, Tang XW, Tang ZC, Tian J, Ting SCC, Ting SM, Tomassetti N, Torsti J, Urban T, Vagelli V, Valente E, Valtonen E, Vázquez Acosta M, Vecchi M, Velasco M, Vialle JP, Vizán J, Wang LQ, Wang NH, Wang QL, Wang X, Wang XQ, Wang ZX, Wei J, Weng ZL, Wu H, Xiong RQ, Xu W, Yan Q, Yang Y, Yi H, Yu YJ, Yu ZQ, Zannoni M, Zeissler S, Zhang C, Zhang F, Zhang JH, Zhang Z, Zhao F, Zheng ZM, Zhuang HL, Zhukov V, Zichichi A, Zimmermann N, Zuccon P. Towards Understanding the Origin of Cosmic-Ray Positrons. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 122:041102. [PMID: 30768313 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.041102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Precision measurements of cosmic ray positrons are presented up to 1 TeV based on 1.9 million positrons collected by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station. The positron flux exhibits complex energy dependence. Its distinctive properties are (a) a significant excess starting from 25.2±1.8 GeV compared to the lower-energy, power-law trend, (b) a sharp dropoff above 284_{-64}^{+91} GeV, (c) in the entire energy range the positron flux is well described by the sum of a term associated with the positrons produced in the collision of cosmic rays, which dominates at low energies, and a new source term of positrons, which dominates at high energies, and (d) a finite energy cutoff of the source term of E_{s}=810_{-180}^{+310} GeV is established with a significance of more than 4σ. These experimental data on cosmic ray positrons show that, at high energies, they predominantly originate either from dark matter annihilation or from other astrophysical sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Aguilar
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - L Ali Cavasonza
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - G Ambrosi
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - L Arruda
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), P-1000 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - N Attig
- Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - P Azzarello
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - A Bachlechner
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - F Barao
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), P-1000 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - A Barrau
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - L Barrin
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | | | - L Basara
- INFN TIFPA, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - S Başeğmez-du Pree
- KVI-Center for Advanced Radiation Technology, University of Groningen, NL-9700 AB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - R Battiston
- INFN TIFPA, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - U Becker
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Behlmann
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - B Beischer
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - J Berdugo
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - B Bertucci
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - V Bindi
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - W de Boer
- Institut für Experimentelle Teilchenphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - K Bollweg
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Jacobs Engineering, and Business Integra, Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - B Borgia
- INFN Sezione di Roma 1, I-00185 Roma, Italy
- Università di Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - M J Boschini
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - M Bourquin
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - E F Bueno
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 369, 13560-970 São Carlos, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - J Burger
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | | | - X D Cai
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Capell
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - S Caroff
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, F-74000 Annecy, France
| | - J Casaus
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - F Cervelli
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - Y H Chang
- Physics Department and Center for High Energy and High Field, National Central University (NCU), Tao Yuan 32054, Taiwan
| | - G M Chen
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - H S Chen
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Y Chen
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - L Cheng
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - H Y Chou
- Physics Department and Center for High Energy and High Field, National Central University (NCU), Tao Yuan 32054, Taiwan
| | - V Choutko
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - C H Chung
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - C Clark
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Jacobs Engineering, and Business Integra, Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - G Coignet
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, F-74000 Annecy, France
| | - C Consolandi
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - A Contin
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - C Corti
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - M Crispoltoni
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - Z Cui
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - K Dadzie
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Y M Dai
- Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - A Datta
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - C Delgado
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - S Della Torre
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - M B Demirköz
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - L Derome
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - S Di Falco
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - F Dimiccoli
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
- INFN TIFPA, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - C Díaz
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - P von Doetinchem
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - F Dong
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - F Donnini
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - M Duranti
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - A Egorov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Eline
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - T Eronen
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - J Feng
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - E Fiandrini
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - P Fisher
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - V Formato
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - Y Galaktionov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - R J García-López
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), E-38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - C Gargiulo
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - H Gast
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - I Gebauer
- Institut für Experimentelle Teilchenphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - M Gervasi
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - F Giovacchini
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - D M Gómez-Coral
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México, D. F., 01000 Mexico
| | - J Gong
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - C Goy
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, F-74000 Annecy, France
| | - V Grabski
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México, D. F., 01000 Mexico
| | - D Grandi
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - M Graziani
- Institut für Experimentelle Teilchenphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - K H Guo
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - S Haino
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - K C Han
- National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology (NCSIST), Longtan, Tao Yuan 32546, Taiwan
| | - Z H He
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - M Heil
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - T H Hsieh
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H Huang
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Z C Huang
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - M Incagli
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - Yi Jia
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H Jinchi
- National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology (NCSIST), Longtan, Tao Yuan 32546, Taiwan
| | | | - B Khiali
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - Th Kirn
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - C Konak
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - O Kounina
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Kounine
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - V Koutsenko
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Kulemzin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - G La Vacca
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - E Laudi
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - G Laurenti
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - I Lazzizzera
- INFN TIFPA, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - A Lebedev
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H T Lee
- Academia Sinica Grid Center (ASGC), Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - S C Lee
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - C Leluc
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - J Q Li
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Q Li
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - T X Li
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Z H Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - C Light
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - C H Lin
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - T Lippert
- Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - F Z Liu
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Hu Liu
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Physics Department and Center for High Energy and High Field, National Central University (NCU), Tao Yuan 32054, Taiwan
| | - Z Liu
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - S Q Lu
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Y S Lu
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - K Luebelsmeyer
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - F Luo
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - J Z Luo
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Xi Luo
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - S S Lyu
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - F Machate
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - C Mañá
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Marín
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - T Martin
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Jacobs Engineering, and Business Integra, Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - G Martínez
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - N Masi
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - D Maurin
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - A Menchaca-Rocha
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México, D. F., 01000 Mexico
| | - Q Meng
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - D C Mo
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - M Molero
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - P Mott
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Jacobs Engineering, and Business Integra, Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - L Mussolin
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - T Nelson
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - J Q Ni
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - N Nikonov
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - F Nozzoli
- INFN TIFPA, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - A Oliva
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Orcinha
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), P-1000 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M Palermo
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - F Palmonari
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - M Paniccia
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - A Pashnin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Pauluzzi
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - S Pensotti
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - C Perrina
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - H D Phan
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | | | - V Plyaskin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Pohl
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - V Poireau
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, F-74000 Annecy, France
| | - A Popkow
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - L Quadrani
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - X M Qi
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - X Qin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Z Y Qu
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - P G Rancoita
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - D Rapin
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - A Reina Conde
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), E-38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - S Rosier-Lees
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, F-74000 Annecy, France
| | - A Rozhkov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - D Rozza
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - R Sagdeev
- East-West Center for Space Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - C Solano
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - S Schael
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - S M Schmidt
- Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - A Schulz von Dratzig
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - G Schwering
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - E S Seo
- IPST, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - B S Shan
- Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing 100191, China
| | - J Y Shi
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - T Siedenburg
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - J W Song
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Z T Sun
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - M Tacconi
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - X W Tang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Z C Tang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - J Tian
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - Samuel C C Ting
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - S M Ting
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - N Tomassetti
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - J Torsti
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - T Urban
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Jacobs Engineering, and Business Integra, Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - V Vagelli
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - E Valente
- INFN Sezione di Roma 1, I-00185 Roma, Italy
- Università di Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - E Valtonen
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - M Vázquez Acosta
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), E-38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - M Vecchi
- KVI-Center for Advanced Radiation Technology, University of Groningen, NL-9700 AB Groningen, the Netherlands
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 369, 13560-970 São Carlos, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - M Velasco
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J P Vialle
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, F-74000 Annecy, France
| | - J Vizán
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - L Q Wang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - N H Wang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Q L Wang
- Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - X Wang
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - X Q Wang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Z X Wang
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - J Wei
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - Z L Weng
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H Wu
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - R Q Xiong
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - W Xu
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Q Yan
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Y Yang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - H Yi
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Y J Yu
- Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Z Q Yu
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - M Zannoni
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - S Zeissler
- Institut für Experimentelle Teilchenphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - C Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - F Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - J H Zhang
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Z Zhang
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - F Zhao
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Z M Zheng
- Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing 100191, China
| | - H L Zhuang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - V Zhukov
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - A Zichichi
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - N Zimmermann
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - P Zuccon
- INFN TIFPA, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
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Li Y, Feng X, Wang A, Yang Y, Fei J, Sun B, Jia Y, Li J. Inside Back Cover: Supramolecularly Assembled Nanocomposites as Biomimetic Chloroplasts for Enhancement of Photophosphorylation (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 3/2019). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201813838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and NanosafetyNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China
| | - Xiyun Feng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- Yunnan Normal UniversityFaculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Kunming 650050 China
| | - Anhe Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical EngineeringInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Yang Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and NanosafetyNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China
| | - Jinbo Fei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Bingbing Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academic of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Yi Jia
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Junbai Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academic of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
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205
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Li Q, Jia Y, Yang X, Dai L, Das B, Acharya S, Sun B, Yang Y, Liu X, Ariga K, Li J. Unidirectional Branching Growth of Dipeptide Single Crystals for Remote Light Multiplication and Collection. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:31-36. [PMID: 30574778 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b18106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report on the unidirectional branched assembly of diphenylalanine dipeptide through a one-step rapid evaporation process. Large numbers of crystalline tubular branches with smooth surfaces are developed from a hexagonal solid microrod mimicking a "Christmas tree". Density functional theory suggests the formation of tubular diphenylalanine aggregates with cis isomers. The diphenylalanine branched assembly shows good optical waveguide properties that can transmit light homogeneously along the crystal fibers as well as harvest light from the tips of branches to the microrod terminals. These findings hold importance in the development of bioinspired optical fibers for information transmission in a microscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Yi Jia
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Xiaoke Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Luru Dai
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Bidisa Das
- Centre for Advanced Materials (CAM) , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Kolkata 700 032 , India
| | - Somobrata Acharya
- Centre for Advanced Materials (CAM) , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Kolkata 700 032 , India
| | - Bingbing Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Yang Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Xingcen Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Katsuhiko Ariga
- World Premier International (WPI) Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA) , National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) , Tsukuba 305-0044 , Japan
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences , The University of Tokyo , 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha , Kashiwa , Chiba 277-8561 , Japan
| | - Junbai Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
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206
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Li H, Zhao Y, Jia Y, Qu C, Li J. Covalently assembled dopamine nanoparticle as an intrinsic photosensitizer and pH-responsive nanocarrier for potential application in anticancer therapy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:15057-15060. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc08294h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A covalently assembled dopamine nanoparticle is constructed to serve as an intrinsic photosensitizer and pH-responsive drug nanocarrier for combined PDT and chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xi’an Shiyou University
- Xi’an 710065
- China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xi’an Shiyou University
- Xi’an 710065
- China
| | - Yi Jia
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Chengtun Qu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xi’an Shiyou University
- Xi’an 710065
- China
| | - Junbai Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
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207
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Gao J, Jia Y, Dai J, Fu H, Wang Y, Yan H, Zhu Y, Nie X. Association of Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Frailty among Chinese Elders: A Cross-Sectional Study in Three Cities. J Nutr Health Aging 2019; 23:890-895. [PMID: 31641741 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-019-1236-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the association of FVI and frailty in Chinese elders. DESIGN A sectional study was conducted in three cities (Shanghai, Zhengzhou, and Baoji) in China from June 2017 to June 2018. PARTICIPANTS A total of 5699 participants from 49 districts were included in the current study by two-stage sampling methods. MEASUREMENTS Frailty was measured by a validated Chinese version of the FRAIL scale. FVI per day was measured by two single questions. RESULTS The sample proportion with sufficient fruit intake was 36.7%, and 44.7% reported sufficient vegetable intake. The sample proportions that were robust, pre-frail, and frail were 43.6%, 38.3%, and 18.1%, respectively. Compared with low FVI, after including covariates, the odds ratio (OR) of frailty was 0.84 (95% CI: 0.73-0.97) for moderate fruit intake and 0.81 (95% CI: 0.70-0.94) for enough fruit intake; the OR of frailty was 0.83 (95% CI: 0.68-0.91) for moderate vegetable intake and 0.77 (95% CI: 0.64-0.93) for enough vegetable intake. CONCLUSION High FVI was negatively associated with the OR of frailty in Chinese elders. This finding implies it is important to promote FVI among adults to prevent frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Gao
- Junling Gao, Po BOX 248, 138 Yixueyuan Road, 200032 Shanghai, 86-21542377779,
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209
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Jia Y, Lao Y, Zhu H, Li N, Leung SW. Is metformin still the most efficacious first-line oral hypoglycaemic drug in treating type 2 diabetes? A network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Obes Rev 2019; 20:1-12. [PMID: 30230172 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of the study is to compare the efficacy of hypoglycaemic drugs for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). METHODS We compared 11 major oral hypoglycaemic drugs under five categories evaluated by RCTs as drug monotherapy for the patients with T2DM, measuring glycosylated haemoglobin (%) or fasting plasma glucose (mmol L-1 ) as outcomes. RCT quality was assessed with the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Network meta-analysis estimated the mean differences and 95% credible intervals. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed to determine the results robustness. The Grading of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation evidence strength was assessed. RESULTS Seventy-five RCTs including 33,830 patients were identified. Their study quality was high. Regarding glycosylated haemoglobin, top three anti-diabetics were repaglinide (mean differences -1.39 [95% credible intervals -1.75 to -1.03]), gliclazide (-1.37 [-2.04 to -0.71]) and metformin (-1.13 [-1.37 to -0.90]), against placebo. Regarding fasting plasma glucose, top three anti-diabetics were repaglinide (-2.01 [-2.75 to -0.97]), metformin (-1.72 [-2.16 to -1.27]) and glipizide (-1.57 [-2.44 to -0.64]), against placebo. There was no difference between metformin and repaglinide. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses found the results to be robust. The evidence strength was moderate to high. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis showed that repaglinide and metformin would be the most efficacious oral drugs for first-line monotherapy of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Y Lao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - H Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - N Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - S-W Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.,School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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210
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Zhuang L, Jia Y, Liu H, Wang X, Hocking RK, Liu H, Chen J, Ge L, Zhang L, Li M, Dong CL, Huang YC, Shen S, Yang D, Zhu Z, Yao X. Defect-Induced Pt-Co-Se Coordinated Sites with Highly Asymmetrical Electronic Distribution for Boosting Oxygen-Involving Electrocatalysis. Adv Mater 2019; 31:e1805581. [PMID: 30488551 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201805581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Rational design and synthesis of hetero-coordinated moieties at the atomic scale can significantly raise the performance of the catalyst and obtain mechanistic insight into the oxygen-involving electrocatalysis. Here, a facile plasma-photochemical strategy is applied to construct atomically coordinated Pt-Co-Se moieties in defective CoSe2 (CoSe2- x ) through filling the plasma-created Se vacancies in CoSe2- x with single Pt atomic species (CoSe2- x -Pt) under ultraviolet irradiation. The filling of single Pt can remarkably enhance the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity of CoSe2 . Optimal OER specific activity is achieved with a Pt content of 2.25 wt% in CoSe2- x -Pt, exceeding that of CoSe2- x by a factor of 9. CoSe2- x -Pt shows much better OER performance than CoSe2- x filled with single Ni and even Ru atomic species (CoSe2- x -Ni and CoSe2- x -Ru). Noticeably, it is general that Pt is not a good OER catalyst but Ru is; thus the design of active sites for electrocatalysis at an atomic level should follow a different intrinsic mechanism. Mechanism studies unravel that the single Pt can induce much higher electronic distribution asymmetry degree than both single Ni and Ru, and benefit the interaction between the Co sites and adsorbates (OH*, O*, and OOH*) during the OER process, leading to a better OER activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linzhou Zhuang
- School of Chemical Engineering, the University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Yi Jia
- School of Environment and Sciences, and Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, 4111, Australia
| | - Hongli Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Marine Biomass Fibers Materials and Textiles of Shandong Province, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Shandong, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Environment and Sciences, and Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, 4111, Australia
| | - Rosalie K Hocking
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Melbourne, Victoria, 3122, Australia
| | - Hongwei Liu
- Australian Centre for Microscopy & Microanalysis (ACMM), The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Jun Chen
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, AIIM Facility, University of Wollongong, Innovation Campus, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Lei Ge
- School of Chemical Engineering, the University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Longzhou Zhang
- School of Environment and Sciences, and Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, 4111, Australia
| | - Mengran Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, the University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Chung-Li Dong
- Department of Physics, Tamkang University, 151 Yingzhuan Road, New Taipei City, 25137, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Cheng Huang
- Department of Physics, Tamkang University, 151 Yingzhuan Road, New Taipei City, 25137, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shaohua Shen
- International Research Centre of Renewable Energy, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Dongjiang Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Marine Biomass Fibers Materials and Textiles of Shandong Province, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Shandong, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Zhonghua Zhu
- School of Chemical Engineering, the University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Xiangdong Yao
- School of Environment and Sciences, and Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, 4111, Australia
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Yang F, Zhou YS, Jia Y. [Systemic lupus erythematosus with acquired hemophilia A: a case report]. Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2018; 50:1108-1111. [PMID: 30562791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Acquired hemophilia A (AHA) is anunusual disease resulting from autoantibodies (inhibitors) against coagulation factor VIII (FVIII) and clinically manifests as bleeding, which sometimes can cause potentially limb-threatening or life-threatening situations. AHA is associated with cancers, auto-immune disorders, infections, dermatologic conditions and certain medications, among which it is commonly secondary to multiple rheumatologic conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), pollymyositis, autoimmune hemolytic anemia and undifferentiated connective tissue disease. In autoimmune diseases, it may be the result of autoantibody producing against FVIII, and some cases of AHA may act as the first manifestation of SLE. AHA should be suspected in patients who have spontaneously hemorrhagic events with an isolated prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), reduced FVIII activity and a negative lupus anticoagulant (LA). When FVIII inhibitor is found, it can be diagnosed. The management of AHA focuses on the following goals: (1) controlling and preventing bleeding, (2) eradication of the inhibitor, (3) treatment of the underlying disease. Here, a case of AHA in a patient with lupus is reported. A 53-year-old man with a 4-year history of SLE developed arthralgia and ecchymotic skin lesions after arthrocentesis of knee joint. Ultrasound confirmed the presence of an intramuscular hematoma. Coagulation tests revealed that FVIII activity reduced to 1% and a prolonged APTT (92.2 s), FVIII inhibitors were found to be as high as 60.0 Bethesda Units. Initial treatments with methylprednisolone 200 mg/d were started but new hemorrhagic manifestation occurred and hisbiological indexes were not good. Then the patient was treated with intravenous pulse corticosteroids (methylprednisolone 500 mg/d), intravenous cyclophosphamide, and also plasma and prothrombin complex infusion. Subsequently, FVIII activity returned within normal ranges, FVIII inhibitors decreased and clinical improvement was significantly obtained. The patient's condition kept stable till now.Hemorrhagic events due to production of antibodies directed against coagulation factors were rarely observed in SLE and attentions should be paid to the association between SLE and AHA.Bypass treatment was considered as the immediate antihemorrhagic treatment. Corticosteroid combined with immunosuppressor was recommended as the main therapy to eradicate the inhibitors. However we still lack the therapeutic guidelines and standardized treatment in patients of AHA with SLE at present.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Y S Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Y Jia
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
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212
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Liu HJ, Guo XF, Hu FL, Yan CP, Cui XJ, Yan XL, Li ZG, Jia Y, Song SL. [Increased receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand expressed on B10 cells in rheumatoid arthritis]. Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2018; 50:968-974. [PMID: 30562766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To detect receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) expressed on B10 cells in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to evaluate the correlation between RANKL-producing B10 cells in RA and clinical features and laboratory parameters, trying to reveal the possible role of B10 cells in the pathogenesis of RA and the potential mechanism of impaired immunosuppressive capacities. METHODS 25 RA patients and 20 healthy volunteers were enrolled. These RA patients did not received treatment with glucocorticoids, disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug and biologics during the recent half of a year. The levels of RANKL-producing B10 cells were measured by flow cytometry (FCM) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The correlation between the frequencies of RANKL-producing B10 cells in RA and clinical data, laboratory parameters were analyzed. The role of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin 1β (IL-1β) in inducing RANKL expression in B10 cells was evaluated by in vitro stimulation assay. Independent samples t test, Pearson and Spearman correlation were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS B10 cells were capable of producing RANKL at a low level in health controls. The frequencies of RANKL-producing B10 cells were markedly higher in RA patients than in health controls (3.65%±1.59% vs. 2.25%±0.68%, P<0.01). The frequencies of these cells correlated positively with RA tender joint counts, swollen joint counts and disease activity score in 28 joints (DAS28) (r=0.479, P=0.035; r=0.519, P=0.008; r=0.526, P=0.019). However, no correlation was found between these cells and RA patient age, disease duration, or the levels of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-citrullinated peptide antibody (ACPA). After in vitro stimulation by TNF-α, but not IL-1β, B10 cells isolated from healthy donors demonstrated fundamentally upregulated expression of RANKL. CONCLUSION Our studies showed the frequencies of RANKL-producing B10 cells were markedly higher in RA patients, and their frequencies were positively correlated with RA tender joint counts, swollen joint counts and DAS28. These findings suggested that B10 cells might be involved in RA bone destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology,the People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443000, Hubei, China
| | - X F Guo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology,the People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443000, Hubei, China
| | - F L Hu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - C P Yan
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology,the People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443000, Hubei, China
| | - X J Cui
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology,the People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443000, Hubei, China
| | - X L Yan
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology,the People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443000, Hubei, China
| | - Z G Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Y Jia
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - S L Song
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology,the People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443000, Hubei, China
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Li Y, Feng X, Wang A, Yang Y, Fei J, Sun B, Jia Y, Li J. Supramolecularly Assembled Nanocomposites as Biomimetic Chloroplasts for Enhancement of Photophosphorylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201813838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and NanosafetyNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China
| | - Xiyun Feng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- Yunnan Normal UniversityFaculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Kunming 650050 China
| | - Anhe Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical EngineeringInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Yang Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and NanosafetyNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China
| | - Jinbo Fei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Bingbing Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academic of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Yi Jia
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Junbai Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academic of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
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214
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Zhang J, Bian L, Ma FZ, Jia Y, Lin P. Efficacy and safety of rituximab therapy for membranous nephropathy: a meta-analysis. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2018; 22:8021-8029. [PMID: 30536351 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201811_16431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Membranous nephropathy (MN) is a leading cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults, but the treatment of MN remains controversial. Rituximab, a possible alternative treatment option, represented a new therapeutic hope for the treatment of membranous nephropathy (MN). We performed a meta-analysis to perform the efficacy and safety of rituximab therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Either randomized controlled trials (RCTs), cohort studies or case studies were eligible for review and were performed in Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane database with the computerized searches. The primary outcome measure was remissions and the endpoint outcomes. We assessed the following studies methodological quality independently by using the Cochrane Collaboration tool for assessing risk of bias scale. The primary meta-analyses were performed using fixed or random effects models due to a1n expected clinical diversity. RESULTS Five trials with a total of 351 patients were included. We found significant difference between rituximab and the placebo group on complete remissions rate (OR=1.6, 95%; CI=0.96, 2.66; I2 of 0% indicating no heterogeneity) and eGFR (MD=-0.69, 95% CI=-14.53, 0.73). The factors of remission and no remission MN patients who received treatment with rituximab on remission were proteinuria and albumin, which reported different (MD=7.20, 95% CI=-9.07, -5.33) (MD=10.70, 95% CI=7.23, 14.17). But remains high risk of infusion reactions (OR= 81.37, 95% CI=4.89, 1354.41). No evidence of significant risk of bias was reported. CONCLUSIONS Rituximab had a beneficial effect and remissions of proteinuria on MN during follow-up times, but some adverse events were still unknown. Taking consideration of long-term therapeutic side effects and dose of the drug, we suggest that rituximab might replace cyclophosphamide and steroids as first-line immunosuppressive therapy in MN patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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215
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Wang XR, Jia Y, Liu YP. [Research progrss on resistance of PD1/PD-L1 signal pathway]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2018; 47:975-978. [PMID: 30522188 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5807.2018.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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216
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Li Y, Feng X, Wang A, Yang Y, Fei J, Sun B, Jia Y, Li J. Supramolecularly Assembled Nanocomposites as Biomimetic Chloroplasts for Enhancement of Photophosphorylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 58:796-800. [PMID: 30474178 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201812582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Prototypes of natural biosystems provide opportunities for artificial biomimetic systems to break the limits of natural reactions and achieve output control. However, mimicking unique natural structures and ingenious functions remains a challenge. Now, multiple biochemical reactions were integrated into artificially designed compartments via molecular assembly. First, multicompartmental silica nanoparticles with hierarchical structures that mimic the chloroplasts were obtained by a templated synthesis. Then, photoacid generators and ATPase-liposomes were assembled inside and outside of silica compartments, respectively. Upon light illumination, protons produced by a photoacid generator in the confined space can drive the liposome-embedded enzyme ATPase towards ATP synthesis, which mimics the photophosphorylation process in vitro. The method enables fabrication of bioinspired nanoreactors for photobiocatalysis and provides insight for understanding sophisticated biochemical reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xiyun Feng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,Yunnan Normal University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Kunming, 650050, China
| | - Anhe Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yang Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jinbo Fei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Bingbing Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academic of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yi Jia
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Junbai Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academic of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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217
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Li Y, Feng X, Wang A, Yang Y, Fei J, Sun B, Jia Y, Li J. Supramolecularly Assembled Nanocomposites as Biomimetic Chloroplasts for Enhancement of Photophosphorylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201812582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and NanosafetyNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China
| | - Xiyun Feng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- Yunnan Normal UniversityFaculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Kunming 650050 China
| | - Anhe Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical EngineeringInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Yang Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and NanosafetyNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China
| | - Jinbo Fei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Bingbing Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academic of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Yi Jia
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Junbai Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academic of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
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218
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Zhang Y, Zheng Y, Li J, Nie L, Hu Y, Wang F, Liu H, Fernandes SM, Zhong Q, Li X, Schnaar RL, Jia Y. Immunoregulatory Siglec ligands are abundant in human and mouse aorta and are up-regulated by high glucose. Life Sci 2018; 216:189-199. [PMID: 30471282 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM Inflammation is a driving force in development of atherosclerosis, and hyperglycemia is a significant risk factor for angiopathy. Siglec-9, expressed on human neutrophils and macrophages, engages specific glycan ligands on tissues to diminish ongoing inflammation. MATERIALS AND METHOD Siglec-9 ligands on human aorta were characterized and the effects of high glucose exposure on the expression of ligands for Siglec-9 on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUV-EC-C) in vitro and ligands for the comparable siglec (Siglec-E) on mouse aorta in vivo were studied. KEY FINDINGS Siglec-9 ligands were expressed broadly on human aorta, as well as on HUV-EC-C. Siglec-9 ligands on HUV-EC-C were sharply up-regulated under high glucose exposure in vitro, as were Siglec-E ligands on the aortas of hyperglycemic mice. Exposure of HUV-EC-C to high-glucose resulted in consistent inhibitory changes in co-cultured macrophages including increased apoptosis and decreased phagocytosis. Control of Siglec-9 ligand expression on HUV-EC-C was downstream of changes in an enzyme involved in their biosynthesis, UDP-galactose-4-epimerase (GALE) and increased cellular N-acetylgalactosamine. The alteration of GALE was associated with the regulatory microRNA hsa-let-7f. SIGNIFICANCE We conclude that exposure to high-glucose results in up-regulation of immune inhibitory Siglec-9 sialoglycan ligands on aorta and HUV-EC-C cells downstream of altered GALE and GalNAc expression, resulting in up-regulation of apoptosis and decrease of phagocytic activity of macrophages. Changes in Siglec-9 sialoglycan ligand expression on vascular endothelial cells may be a natural response to the initial steps of atherosclerosis and might be a potential target to regulate inflammation in diabetic angiopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxian Zhang
- Institute of Materia Medica and Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, ChongQing 400038, China; Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital, ChongQing Medical University, Yubei, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Yu Zheng
- Institute of Materia Medica and Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, ChongQing 400038, China; Department of Pharmacy, Hainan Western Central Hospital, Danzhou, Hainan 571799, China
| | - Jin Li
- Institute of Materia Medica and Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, ChongQing 400038, China
| | - Ling Nie
- Department of Nephrology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, ChongQing 400037, China
| | - Yijie Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, ChongQing 400042, China
| | - Fangjie Wang
- Institute of Materia Medica and Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, ChongQing 400038, China
| | - Hongmei Liu
- Institute of Materia Medica and Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, ChongQing 400038, China
| | - Steve M Fernandes
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Qianjin Zhong
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, ChongQing 400042, China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Institute of Materia Medica and Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, ChongQing 400038, China.
| | - Ronald L Schnaar
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - Yi Jia
- Institute of Materia Medica and Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, ChongQing 400038, China.
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Wang X, Zhuang L, Jia Y, Liu H, Yan X, Zhang L, Yang D, Zhu Z, Yao X. Plasma‐Triggered Synergy of Exfoliation, Phase Transformation, and Surface Engineering in Cobalt Diselenide for Enhanced Water Oxidation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201810199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- School of Environment and Science and Queensland, Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre Griffith University Nathan Campus 4111 Australia
| | - Linzhou Zhuang
- School of Chemical Engineering University of Queensland Brisbane 4072 Australia
| | - Yi Jia
- School of Environment and Science and Queensland, Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre Griffith University Nathan Campus 4111 Australia
| | - Hongli Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Marine Biomass Fibers Materials and Textiles of Shandong Province School of Environmental Science and Engineering Qingdao University Qingdao 266071 P. R. China
| | - Xuecheng Yan
- School of Environment and Science and Queensland, Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre Griffith University Nathan Campus 4111 Australia
| | - Longzhou Zhang
- School of Environment and Science and Queensland, Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre Griffith University Nathan Campus 4111 Australia
| | - Dongjiang Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Marine Biomass Fibers Materials and Textiles of Shandong Province School of Environmental Science and Engineering Qingdao University Qingdao 266071 P. R. China
| | - Zhonghua Zhu
- School of Chemical Engineering University of Queensland Brisbane 4072 Australia
| | - Xiangdong Yao
- School of Environment and Science and Queensland, Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre Griffith University Nathan Campus 4111 Australia
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220
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Wang X, Zhuang L, Jia Y, Liu H, Yan X, Zhang L, Yang D, Zhu Z, Yao X. Plasma‐Triggered Synergy of Exfoliation, Phase Transformation, and Surface Engineering in Cobalt Diselenide for Enhanced Water Oxidation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:16421-16425. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201810199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- School of Environment and Science and Queensland, Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre Griffith University Nathan Campus 4111 Australia
| | - Linzhou Zhuang
- School of Chemical Engineering University of Queensland Brisbane 4072 Australia
| | - Yi Jia
- School of Environment and Science and Queensland, Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre Griffith University Nathan Campus 4111 Australia
| | - Hongli Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Marine Biomass Fibers Materials and Textiles of Shandong Province School of Environmental Science and Engineering Qingdao University Qingdao 266071 P. R. China
| | - Xuecheng Yan
- School of Environment and Science and Queensland, Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre Griffith University Nathan Campus 4111 Australia
| | - Longzhou Zhang
- School of Environment and Science and Queensland, Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre Griffith University Nathan Campus 4111 Australia
| | - Dongjiang Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Marine Biomass Fibers Materials and Textiles of Shandong Province School of Environmental Science and Engineering Qingdao University Qingdao 266071 P. R. China
| | - Zhonghua Zhu
- School of Chemical Engineering University of Queensland Brisbane 4072 Australia
| | - Xiangdong Yao
- School of Environment and Science and Queensland, Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre Griffith University Nathan Campus 4111 Australia
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221
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Xia X, Qu K, Zhang G, Jia Y, Ma Z, Zhao X, Huang Y, Chen H, Huang B, Lei C. Comprehensive analysis of the mitochondrial DNA diversity in Chinese cattle. Anim Genet 2018; 50:70-73. [PMID: 30421479 DOI: 10.1111/age.12749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Complete mitochondrial DNA D-loop sequences of 1105 individuals were used to assess the diversity of maternal lineages of cattle populations in China. In total, 250 taurine and 88 zebu haplotypes were identified. Five main haplogroups-T1a, T2, T3, T4 and T5-were identified in Bos taurus, whereas Bos indicus harbored two haplogroups-I1 and I2. Our results suggest that the distribution of T1a in Asia was concentrated mainly in the northeast region (northeast China, Korea and Japan); haplogroups T2, T3 and T4 were predominant in Chinese cattle; and T5 was sporadically detected in Mongolian and Pingwu cattle. In contrast to the widespread presence of I1, I2 was distributed only in southwestern China (Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and the Tibet Autonomous Region) and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. This is the first time that all five taurine haplogroups and two zebu haplogroups have been found in Mongolian cattle. In addition, eight individuals in Tibetan cattle carried the Bos grunniens mtDNA type. The high mtDNA diversity (H = 0.904 ± 0.008) and the weak genetic structure among the 57 Chinese cattle breeds/populations are consistent with their complex historical background, migration route and ecological environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Xia
- Key laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - K Qu
- Yunnan Academy of Grassland and Animal Science, Kunming, Yunnan, 650212, China
| | - G Zhang
- Branch of Animal Science, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gongzhuling, Jilin, 136100, China
| | - Y Jia
- Key laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Z Ma
- Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, 810016, China
| | - X Zhao
- Key laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Y Huang
- Key laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - H Chen
- Key laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - B Huang
- Yunnan Academy of Grassland and Animal Science, Kunming, Yunnan, 650212, China
| | - C Lei
- Key laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
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Bai GQ, Jia Y, Li WM, Chen H, Li B, Li SF. [De novo Assembly and Analysis of Sumac (Toxicodendron vernicifluum (Stokes) F.A. Barkley) Transcriptomes Provides Insights into the Biosynthesis of Urushiol]. Mol Biol (Mosk) 2018; 52:764-772. [PMID: 30363051 DOI: 10.1134/s0026898418050051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Sumac is universally known for its abundance of raw lacquer. Toxicodendron vernicifluum (Stokes) F.A. Barkley is one of the widely distributed native sumac cultivars. To accelerate sumac breeding for more prolific, high-quality, and robust cultivars, it is essential to explore its lacquer metabolism. However, transcriptomic and genomic data available for sumac are still limited. In this study, we generated the transcriptomic profiles of triploid Toxicodendron vernicifluum CV. Dahongpao (Dahongpao) and diploid T. vernicifluum and Toxicodendron vernicifluum CV. Huoyanzi (Huoyanzi), with 87856 unigenes. About 53% of these unigenes were annotated using Nr, Swiss-Prot, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), Cluster of Orthologous Groups (COG) and Gene Ontology (GO). We identified nine differentially expressed candidate genes associated with type III polyketide synthase formation, which is the first step in urushiol biosynthesis. Additionally, a number of simple sequence repeats (EST-SSRs) were identified in T. vernicifluum for further molecular marker-assisted breeding. This study is the first report of Toxicodendron species transcriptome.
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Affiliation(s)
- G-Q Bai
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Centre for Conservation and Utilization of Botanical Resources, Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, 710061 China.,
| | - Y Jia
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069 China
| | - W-M Li
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Centre for Conservation and Utilization of Botanical Resources, Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, 710061 China
| | - H Chen
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Centre for Conservation and Utilization of Botanical Resources, Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, 710061 China
| | - B Li
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Centre for Conservation and Utilization of Botanical Resources, Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, 710061 China
| | - S-F Li
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Centre for Conservation and Utilization of Botanical Resources, Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, 710061 China.,
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Zhan L, Wang Y, Chang H, Stehle R, Xu J, Gao L, Zhang W, Jia Y, Qing F, Li X. Preparation of Ultra-Smooth Cu Surface for High-Quality Graphene Synthesis. Nanoscale Res Lett 2018; 13:340. [PMID: 30361958 PMCID: PMC6202303 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-018-2740-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
As grown graphene by chemical vapor deposition typically degrades greatly due to the presence of grain boundaries, which limit graphene's excellent properties and integration into advanced applications. It has been demonstrated that there is a strong correlation between substrate morphology and graphene domain density. Here, we investigate how thermal annealing and electro-polishing affects the morphology of Cu foils. Ultra-smooth Cu surfaces can be achieved and maintained at elevated temperatures by electro-polishing after a pre-annealing treatment. This technique has shown to be more effective than just electro-polishing the Cu substrate without pre-annealing. This may be due to the remaining dislocations and point defects within the Cu bulk material moving to the surface when the Cu is heated. Likewise, a pre-annealing step may release them. Graphene grown on annealed electro-polished Cu substrates show a better quality in terms of lower domain density and higher layer uniformity than those grown on Cu substrates with only annealing or only electro-polishing treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longlong Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices & School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices & School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054 People’s Republic of China
| | - Huicong Chang
- Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing, 100094 People’s Republic of China
| | - Richard Stehle
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Sichuan University-Pittsburgh Institute, Sichuan University Jiang’an Campus, Chengdu, 610207 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Xu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093 China
| | - Libo Gao
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093 China
| | - Wanli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices & School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Jia
- Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing, 100094 People’s Republic of China
| | - Fangzhu Qing
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices & School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054 People’s Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center of Electromagnetic Radiation Control Materials, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuesong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices & School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054 People’s Republic of China
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Bai GQ, Jia Y, Li WM, Chen H, Li B, Li SF. De novo Assembly and Analysis of Sumac (Toxicodendron vernicifluum (Stokes) F.A. Barkley) Transcriptomes Provides Insights into the Biosynthesis of Urushiol. Mol Biol 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893318050059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Abstract
The exploration of highly active and durable cathodic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts with economical production costs is still the bottleneck to realize the large-scale commercialization of fuel cells. In recent years, remarkable progress has been achieved in fabricating effective non-precious metal based ORR catalysts. In particular, modified carbon materials have aroused extensive research interest because of their excellent performance and low cost. In this review, we present an overview on recent advancements in developing defective carbon based materials for catalyzing the ORR. In particular, three general kinds of defective carbon electrocatalysts will be summarized. They are non-metal induced defective carbons (modified by heteroatoms), intrinsic defective carbons (defects created by a physical or chemical method), and atomic metal species induced/coordinated defective carbons (metal-macrocycle complexes with different coordination environments). The common configurations of various defective carbons will be discussed, with typical examples on recently developed both metal-free and precious/non-precious metal species coordinated carbons. Finally, the future research directions of the defective carbon materials are proposed. The newly established defect promoted catalysis mechanism will be beneficial for the design and fabrication of highly effective electrocatalysts for practical energy storage and conversion applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuecheng Yan
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, QLD 4111, Australia.
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226
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Jia Y, Jiang T, Li X, Zhao C, Zhou C, Zhao S. MA27.10 EGFR-Targeted Therapy Alters the Tumor Microenvironment In EGFR-Driven Lung Tumors: Rationale for Combination Therapies. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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227
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Li L, Guo J, Wang Y, Xiong X, Tao H, Li J, Jia Y, Hu H, Zhang J. A Broad-Spectrum ROS-Eliminating Material for Prevention of Inflammation and Drug-Induced Organ Toxicity. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2018; 5:1800781. [PMID: 30356945 PMCID: PMC6193162 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201800781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Despite the great potential of numerous antioxidants for pharmacotherapy of diseases associated with inflammation and oxidative stress, many challenges remain for their clinical translation. Herein, a superoxidase dismutase/catalase-mimetic material based on Tempol and phenylboronic acid pinacol ester simultaneously conjugated β-cyclodextrin (abbreviated as TPCD), which is capable of eliminating a broad spectrum of reactive oxygen species (ROS), is reported. TPCD can be easily synthesized by sequentially conjugating two functional moieties onto a β-cyclodextrin scaffold. The thus developed pharmacologically active material may be easily produced into antioxidant and anti-inflammatory nanoparticles, with tunable size. TPCD nanoparticles (TPCD NP) effectively protect macrophages from oxidative stress-induced apoptosis in vitro. Consistently, TPCD NP shows superior efficacies in three murine models of inflammatory diseases, with respect to attenuating inflammatory responses and mitigating oxidative stress. TPCD NP can also protect mice from drug-induced organ toxicity. Besides the passive targeting effect, the broad spectrum ROS-scavenging capability contributes to the therapeutic benefits of TPCD NP. Importantly, in vitro and in vivo preliminary experiments demonstrate the good safety profile of TPCD NP. Consequently, TPCD in its native and nanoparticle forms can be further developed as efficacious and safe therapies for treatment of inflammation and oxidative stress-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Li
- Department of PharmaceuticsCollege of PharmacyThird Military Medical UniversityChongqing400038China
| | - Jiawei Guo
- Department of PharmaceuticsCollege of PharmacyThird Military Medical UniversityChongqing400038China
| | - Yuquan Wang
- Department of CardiologySouthwest HospitalThird Military Medical UniversityChongqing400038China
- Department of CardiologyAffiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical CollegeNanchong637000Sichuan ProvinceChina
| | - Xiaoxing Xiong
- Department of NeurosurgeryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan430060China
| | - Hui Tao
- Department of PharmaceuticsCollege of PharmacyThird Military Medical UniversityChongqing400038China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of PharmaceuticsCollege of PharmacyThird Military Medical UniversityChongqing400038China
| | - Yi Jia
- Department of PharmaceuticsCollege of PharmacyThird Military Medical UniversityChongqing400038China
| | - Houyuan Hu
- Department of CardiologySouthwest HospitalThird Military Medical UniversityChongqing400038China
| | - Jianxiang Zhang
- Department of PharmaceuticsCollege of PharmacyThird Military Medical UniversityChongqing400038China
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Zhao S, Jia Y, Jiang T, Li X, Li W, Gao G, Zhao C, He Y, Chen X, Su C, Ren S, Zhou C. P3.04-21 Antibiotics Attenuate the Clinical Benefit of Anti-PD-(L)1 Immunotherapies in Chinese Patients with Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.1728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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229
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Lin X, Chen H, Xie Y, Zeng Z, Hu Z, Jia Y, Wang Y, Tan C, Liu L. [Preparation of in vitro transcribed mouse MUC1 mRNA and its expression in NIH/3T3 cells]. Xi Bao Yu Fen Zi Mian Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018; 34:896-901. [PMID: 30554583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Objective To obtain in vitro transcription of mouse mucin 1(MUC1) mRNA and express it in NIH/3T3 cells. Methods The MUC1 gene was amplified from mouse 4T1 cells by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR), and then inserted into the eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1(+) to construct the recombinant vector pcDNA3.1(+)-MUC1. After identification by restriction enzyme cutting, the recombinant plasmid was used as a PCR template for the amplification of the MUC1-HA TAG fusion gene fragment with the reverse primer containing hemagglutinin tag (HA TAG) sequence. Subsequently, the MUC1-HA TAG fusion gene was cloned into the expression vector pcDNA3.1(+). After double restriction enzyme digestion and DNA sequence identification, the recombinant plasmid encoding MUC1-HA TAG was used as a PCR template for the amplification of a PCR product containing T7 promoter and the MUC1-HA TAG fusion gene fragment as an in vitro transcription template to obtain the modified MUC1-HA TAG mRNA by in vitro transcription, tailing and purification. The resulting MUC1-HA TAG mRNA was transfected into NIH/3T3 cells by various transfection reagents and the expression of the fusion protein MUC1-HA TAG was detected by Western blot analysis. Results The MUC1 gene amplified by RT-PCR was about 1 900 bp in length. The restriction enzyme digestion and sequence analysis confirmed that the MUC1-HA TAG fusion gene had been successfully inserted into pcDNA3.1(+), and the insertion sequence was identical to the MUC1 gene sequence of the mouse in GenBank database. HA TAG was correctly inserted in the downstream of MUC1 gene and the reading frame was correct. Western blot analysis indicated that the in vitro transcriptionally modified MUC1-HA TAG mRNA could be expressed in NIH/3T3 cells. Conclusion In vitro transcriptionally modified mouse MUC1-HA TAG mRNA can be translated and expressed in mammalian NIH/3T3 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Lin
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Immune Cells and Antibody Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, Engineering Research Center of Medical Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Hedan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Immune Cells and Antibody Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, Engineering Research Center of Medical Biotechnology, School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Ying Xie
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Immune Cells and Antibody Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, Engineering Research Center of Medical Biotechnology, School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Zhu Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Immune Cells and Antibody Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, Engineering Research Center of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Zuquan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Immune Cells and Antibody Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, Engineering Research Center of Medical Biotechnology, School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yi Jia
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Immune Cells and Antibody Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, Engineering Research Center of Medical Biotechnology, School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Immune Cells and Antibody Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, Engineering Research Center of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Chengjian Tan
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Lina Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Immune Cells and Antibody Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, Engineering Research Center of Medical Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China. *Corresponding author, E-mail:
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Wang Y, Li L, Zhao W, Dou Y, An H, Tao H, Xu X, Jia Y, Lu S, Zhang J, Hu H. Targeted Therapy of Atherosclerosis by a Broad-Spectrum Reactive Oxygen Species Scavenging Nanoparticle with Intrinsic Anti-inflammatory Activity. ACS Nano 2018; 12:8943-8960. [PMID: 30114351 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b02037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a leading cause of vascular diseases worldwide. Whereas antioxidative therapy has been considered promising for the treatment of atherosclerosis in view of a critical role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, currently available antioxidants showed considerably limited clinical outcomes. Herein, we hypothesize that a broad-spectrum ROS-scavenging nanoparticle can serve as an effective therapy for atherosclerosis, taking advantage of its antioxidative stress activity and targeting effects. As a proof of concept, a broad-spectrum ROS-eliminating material was synthesized by covalently conjugating a superoxide dismutase mimetic agent Tempol and a hydrogen-peroxide-eliminating compound of phenylboronic acid pinacol ester onto a cyclic polysaccharide β-cyclodextrin (abbreviated as TPCD). TPCD could be easily processed into a nanoparticle (TPCD NP). The obtained nanotherapy TPCD NP could be efficiently and rapidly internalized by macrophages and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). TPCD NPs significantly attenuated ROS-induced inflammation and cell apoptosis in macrophages, by eliminating overproduced intracellular ROS. Also, TPCD NPs effectively inhibited foam cell formation in macrophages and VSMCs by decreasing internalization of oxidized low-density lipoprotein. After intravenous (i.v.) administration, TPCD NPs accumulated in atherosclerotic lesions of apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mice by passive targeting through the dysfunctional endothelium and translocation via inflammatory cells. TPCD NPs significantly inhibited the development of atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice after i.v. delivery. More importantly, therapy with TPCD NPs afforded stabilized plaques with less cholesterol crystals, a smaller necrotic core, thicker fibrous cap, and lower macrophages and matrix metalloproteinase-9, compared with those treated with control drugs previously developed for antiatherosclerosis. The therapeutic benefits of TPCD NPs mainly resulted from reduced systemic and local oxidative stress and inflammation as well as decreased inflammatory cell infiltration in atherosclerotic plaques. Preliminary in vivo tests implied that TPCD NPs were safe after long-term treatment via i.v. injection. Consequently, TPCD NPs can be developed as a potential antiatherosclerotic nanotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuquan Wang
- Department of Cardiology , Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College , Nanchong 637000 , China
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Liu J, Wang Y, Xiao X, Zhang K, Guo N, Jia Y, Zhou S, Wu Y, Li Q, Xiao L. Conversion of Multi-layered MoTe 2 Transistor Between P-Type and N-Type and Their Use in Inverter. Nanoscale Res Lett 2018; 13:291. [PMID: 30242523 PMCID: PMC6150881 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-018-2721-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Both p-type and n-type MoTe2 transistors are needed to fabricate complementary electronic and optoelectronic devices. In this study, we fabricate air-stable p-type multi-layered MoTe2 transistors using Au as electrode and achieve the conversion of p-type transistor to n-type by annealing it in vacuum. Temperature-dependent in situ measurements assisted by the results given by first-principle simulations indicate that n-type conductance is an intrinsic property, which is attributed to tellurium vacancies in MoTe2, while the device in air experiences a charge transfer which is caused by oxygen/water redox couple and is converted to air-stable p-type transistor. Based on p-type and n-type multi-layered MoTe2 transistors, we demonstrate a complementary inverter with gain values as high as 9 at VDD = 5 V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junku Liu
- Nanophotonics and Optoelectronics Research Center, Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing, 100094 China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Nanophotonics and Optoelectronics Research Center, Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing, 100094 China
| | - Xiaoyang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics and Tsinghua-Foxconn Nanotechnology Research Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
| | - Kenan Zhang
- Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
| | - Nan Guo
- Nanophotonics and Optoelectronics Research Center, Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing, 100094 China
| | - Yi Jia
- Nanophotonics and Optoelectronics Research Center, Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing, 100094 China
| | - Shuyun Zhou
- Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
| | - Yang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics and Tsinghua-Foxconn Nanotechnology Research Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
| | - Qunqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics and Tsinghua-Foxconn Nanotechnology Research Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
| | - Lin Xiao
- Nanophotonics and Optoelectronics Research Center, Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing, 100094 China
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Wang X, Zhuang L, He T, Jia Y, Zhang L, Yan X, Gao M, Du A, Zhu Z, Yao X, Yu SH. Grafting Cobalt Diselenide on Defective Graphene for Enhanced Oxygen Evolution Reaction. iScience 2018; 7:145-153. [PMID: 30267676 PMCID: PMC6154397 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2018.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cobalt diselenide (CoSe2) has been demonstrated to be an efficient and economic electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) both experimentally and theoretically. However, the catalytic performance of up-to-now reported CoSe2-based OER catalysts is still far below commercial expectation. Herein, we report a hybrid catalyst consisting of CoSe2 nanosheets grafted on defective graphene (DG). This catalyst exhibits a largely enhanced OER activity and robust stability in alkaline solution (overpotential at 10 mA cm−2: 270 mV; Tafel plots: 64 mV dec−1). Both experimental evidence and density functional theory calculations reveal that the outstanding OER performance of this hybrid catalyst can be attributed to the synergetic effect of exposed cobalt atoms and carbon defects (electron transfer from CoSe2 layer to defect sites at DG). Our results suggest a promising way for the development of highly efficient and low-cost OER catalysts based on transition metal dichalcogenides. A hybrid catalyst with in-plane CoSe2/defective graphene heterostructures The catalyst exhibits an excellent and stable oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity Enhanced OER performance is due to the synergy of exposed cobalt atoms and carbon defects
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, CAS Centre for Excellence in Nanoscience, Hefei Science Centre of CAS, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; School of Natural Sciences and Queensland, Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Brisbane 4111, Australia
| | - Linzhou Zhuang
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Tianwei He
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Yi Jia
- School of Natural Sciences and Queensland, Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Brisbane 4111, Australia
| | - Longzhou Zhang
- School of Natural Sciences and Queensland, Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Brisbane 4111, Australia
| | - Xuecheng Yan
- School of Natural Sciences and Queensland, Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Brisbane 4111, Australia
| | - Minrui Gao
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, CAS Centre for Excellence in Nanoscience, Hefei Science Centre of CAS, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Aijun Du
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Zhonghua Zhu
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Xiangdong Yao
- School of Natural Sciences and Queensland, Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Brisbane 4111, Australia.
| | - Shu-Hong Yu
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, CAS Centre for Excellence in Nanoscience, Hefei Science Centre of CAS, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
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233
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Zhang ZL, Jia Y, Zhang Y, Xiao L, Li XY, Li G. [Comparison of clinical values in decision making between cone beam CT and conventional approach in furcation involvement of maxillary molar]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018; 53:529-532. [PMID: 30078265 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1002-0098.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To compare the use of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and conventional approach (clinical probing and periapical radiograph) in assessing furcation involvement (FI) of maxillary molars and making treatment decisions. Methods: Thirty-two subjects were selected from the pool of patients at the Department of Periodontology, Tianjin Stomatology Hospital & Hospital of Stomatology, NanKai University from January 2015 to December 2016. All the patients have a diagnosis of generalized chronic periodontitis. Ninety-five maxillary molar with FI from the radiography database were analysed. Two doctors used conventional approach and CBCT images to assess FI and make treatment decision respectively. If the clinical and radiographic findings did not clearly indicate a distinct periodontal therapy, two treatment options were considered. Results: There was statistical difference of the FI diagnosis between traditional group and CBCT group assessment of the 95 molars (P=0.000). Thirty-five maxillary molars (36.8%, 17 patients) got two treatment recommendations by conventional approach but 7 (7.4%, 5 patients) by CBCT-based approach. When with the less invasive treatment recommendation, there was statistical difference between conventional approach and CBCT-based approach (P=0.001). An agreement was observed in 63.2% (60/95) of the teeth, while in another 29.5% (28/95) the CBCT-based treatment decision was more invasive than the conventional approach. When with the more invasive treatment recommendation, there was also statistical difference between two approaches (P=0.045). An agreement was observed in 86.3% (82/95) of the teeth, while in another 3.2% (3/95) the CBCT-based treatment decision was more invasive than the conventional approach. Conclusions: CBCT images of maxillary molars may provide detailed information of FI and a reliable basis for treatment decision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z L Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Tianjin Stomatology Hospital & Hospital of Stomatology, NanKai University, Tianjin 300041, China
| | - Y Jia
- Department of Periodontology, Tianjin Stomatology Hospital & Hospital of Stomatology, NanKai University, Tianjin 300041, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Periodontology, Tianjin Stomatology Hospital & Hospital of Stomatology, NanKai University, Tianjin 300041, China
| | - L Xiao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Tianjin Stomatology Hospital & Hospital of Stomatology, NanKai University, Tianjin 300041, China
| | - X Y Li
- Department of Periodontology, Tianjin Stomatology Hospital & Hospital of Stomatology, NanKai University, Tianjin 300041, China
| | - G Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
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234
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Jia Y, Wu C, Zhang B, Zhang Y, Li J. Ferruginol induced apoptosis on SK-Mel-28 human malignant melanoma cells mediated through P-p38 and NF-κB. Hum Exp Toxicol 2018; 38:227-238. [PMID: 30086653 DOI: 10.1177/0960327118792050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In the present investigation, the antitumor effect of ferruginol (FGL) in SK-Mel-28 human malignant melanoma cells was studied. To investigate the cytotoxic property of FGL, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay was used. Results revealed that prolonged treatment duration decreases the IC25, IC50, and IC75 concentrations of FGL. The cytotoxicity was further confirmed by lactate dehydrogenase assay. As evident from comet assay, FGL induces DNA damage in a dose-dependent manner. Annexin V and 7-ADD assays showed that FGL-induced DNA damage triggers apoptosis-mediated cell death as confirmed by caspase-3 activity assay. As seen through Western blotting, FGL increases phosphorylation of p38 and nuclear translocation of NF-κB. Further, it was observed that p38 phosphorylation is responsible for NF-κB translocation to the nucleus. Further, inhibition of p38 phosphorylation and translocation of NF-κB decrease caspase-3 activity. The above finding confirms that caspase-3 activation is mediated through P-p38 and nuclear translocation of NF-κB. The present findings indicate that FGL significantly suppresses the proliferation of SK-Mel-28 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner through induction of apoptosis. Furthermore, FGL executes apoptosis through phosphorylation of key protein such as p38 and translocation of NF-κB into the nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Jia
- Department of Plastic Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - C Wu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanxi Dayi Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - B Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - J Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
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Zhang L, Fischer JMTA, Jia Y, Yan X, Xu W, Wang X, Chen J, Yang D, Liu H, Zhuang L, Hankel M, Searles DJ, Huang K, Feng S, Brown CL, Yao X. Coordination of Atomic Co–Pt Coupling Species at Carbon Defects as Active Sites for Oxygen Reduction Reaction. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:10757-10763. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b04647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 329] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Longzhou Zhang
- School of Environment and Science and Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Julia Melisande Theresa Agatha Fischer
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Molecular Science, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Yi Jia
- School of Environment and Science and Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Xuecheng Yan
- School of Environment and Science and Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Wei Xu
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Chen
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, AIIM Facility, University of Wollongong, Innovation Campus, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Dongjiang Yang
- School of Environment and Science and Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Hongwei Liu
- Australian Centre for Microscopy & Microanalysis (ACMM), The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Linzhou Zhuang
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Marlies Hankel
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Molecular Science, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Debra J. Searles
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Molecular Science, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Keke Huang
- School of Environment and Science and Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Shouhua Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Christopher L. Brown
- School of Environment and Science and Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Xiangdong Yao
- School of Environment and Science and Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People’s Republic of China
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Aguilar M, Cavasonza LA, Ambrosi G, Arruda L, Attig N, Aupetit S, Azzarello P, Bachlechner A, Barao F, Barrau A, Barrin L, Bartoloni A, Basara L, Başeğmez-du Pree S, Battarbee M, Battiston R, Becker U, Behlmann M, Beischer B, Berdugo J, Bertucci B, Bindel KF, Bindi V, de Boer W, Bollweg K, Bonnivard V, Borgia B, Boschini MJ, Bourquin M, Bueno EF, Burger J, Cadoux F, Cai XD, Capell M, Caroff S, Casaus J, Castellini G, Cervelli F, Chae MJ, Chang YH, Chen AI, Chen GM, Chen HS, Chen Y, Cheng L, Chou HY, Choumilov E, Choutko V, Chung CH, Clark C, Clavero R, Coignet G, Consolandi C, Contin A, Corti C, Creus W, Crispoltoni M, Cui Z, Dadzie K, Dai YM, Datta A, Delgado C, Della Torre S, Demirköz MB, Derome L, Di Falco S, Dimiccoli F, Díaz C, von Doetinchem P, Dong F, Donnini F, Duranti M, D'Urso D, Egorov A, Eline A, Eronen T, Feng J, Fiandrini E, Fisher P, Formato V, Galaktionov Y, Gallucci G, García-López RJ, Gargiulo C, Gast H, Gebauer I, Gervasi M, Ghelfi A, Giovacchini F, Gómez-Coral DM, Gong J, Goy C, Grabski V, Grandi D, Graziani M, Guo KH, Haino S, Han KC, He ZH, Heil M, Hsieh TH, Huang H, Huang ZC, Huh C, Incagli M, Ionica M, Jang WY, Jia Y, Jinchi H, Kang SC, Kanishev K, Khiali B, Kim GN, Kim KS, Kirn T, Konak C, Kounina O, Kounine A, Koutsenko V, Kulemzin A, La Vacca G, Laudi E, Laurenti G, Lazzizzera I, Lebedev A, Lee HT, Lee SC, Leluc C, Li HS, Li JQ, Li Q, Li TX, Li ZH, Li ZY, Lim S, Lin CH, Lipari P, Lippert T, Liu D, Liu H, Lordello VD, Lu SQ, Lu YS, Luebelsmeyer K, Luo F, Luo JZ, Lyu SS, Machate F, Mañá C, Marín J, Martin T, Martínez G, Masi N, Maurin D, Menchaca-Rocha A, Meng Q, Mikuni VM, Mo DC, Mott P, Nelson T, Ni JQ, Nikonov N, Nozzoli F, Oliva A, Orcinha M, Palermo M, Palmonari F, Palomares C, Paniccia M, Pauluzzi M, Pensotti S, Perrina C, Phan HD, Picot-Clemente N, Pilo F, Pizzolotto C, Plyaskin V, Pohl M, Poireau V, Quadrani L, Qi XM, Qin X, Qu ZY, Räihä T, Rancoita PG, Rapin D, Ricol JS, Rosier-Lees S, Rozhkov A, Rozza D, Sagdeev R, Schael S, Schmidt SM, von Dratzig AS, Schwering G, Seo ES, Shan BS, Shi JY, Siedenburg T, Son D, Song JW, Tacconi M, Tang XW, Tang ZC, Tescaro D, Ting SCC, Ting SM, Tomassetti N, Torsti J, Türkoğlu C, Urban T, Vagelli V, Valente E, Valtonen E, Vázquez Acosta M, Vecchi M, Velasco M, Vialle JP, Wang LQ, Wang NH, Wang QL, Wang X, Wang XQ, Wang ZX, Wei CC, Weng ZL, Whitman K, Wu H, Wu X, Xiong RQ, Xu W, Yan Q, Yang J, Yang M, Yang Y, Yi H, Yu YJ, Yu ZQ, Zannoni M, Zeissler S, Zhang C, Zhang F, Zhang J, Zhang JH, Zhang SW, Zhang Z, Zheng ZM, Zhuang HL, Zhukov V, Zichichi A, Zimmermann N, Zuccon P. Observation of Complex Time Structures in the Cosmic-Ray Electron and Positron Fluxes with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 121:051102. [PMID: 30118287 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.051102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We present high-statistics, precision measurements of the detailed time and energy dependence of the primary cosmic-ray electron flux and positron flux over 79 Bartels rotations from May 2011 to May 2017 in the energy range from 1 to 50 GeV. For the first time, the charge-sign dependent modulation during solar maximum has been investigated in detail by leptons alone. Based on 23.5×10^{6} events, we report the observation of short-term structures on the timescale of months coincident in both the electron flux and the positron flux. These structures are not visible in the e^{+}/e^{-} flux ratio. The precision measurements across the solar polarity reversal show that the ratio exhibits a smooth transition over 830±30 days from one value to another. The midpoint of the transition shows an energy dependent delay relative to the reversal and changes by 260±30 days from 1 to 6 GeV.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Aguilar
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - L Ali Cavasonza
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - G Ambrosi
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - L Arruda
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), P-1000 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - N Attig
- Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - S Aupetit
- Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Grenoble-Alpes, F-38026 Grenoble, France
| | - P Azzarello
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - A Bachlechner
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - F Barao
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), P-1000 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - A Barrau
- Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Grenoble-Alpes, F-38026 Grenoble, France
| | - L Barrin
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | | | - L Basara
- INFN TIFPA, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - S Başeğmez-du Pree
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - M Battarbee
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - R Battiston
- INFN TIFPA, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - U Becker
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Behlmann
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - B Beischer
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - J Berdugo
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - B Bertucci
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - K F Bindel
- Institut für Experimentelle Teilchenphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - V Bindi
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - W de Boer
- Institut für Experimentelle Teilchenphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - K Bollweg
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Jacobs Engineering, and Business Integra, Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - V Bonnivard
- Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Grenoble-Alpes, F-38026 Grenoble, France
| | - B Borgia
- INFN Sezione di Roma 1, I-00185 Roma, Italy
- Università di Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - M J Boschini
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - M Bourquin
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - E F Bueno
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 369, 13560-970, São Carlos, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - J Burger
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - F Cadoux
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - X D Cai
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Capell
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - S Caroff
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Savoie Mont Blanc, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France
| | - J Casaus
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - F Cervelli
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - M J Chae
- Department of Physics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 120-750, Korea
| | - Y H Chang
- National Central University (NCU), Chung-Li, Tao Yuan, 32054, Taiwan
| | - A I Chen
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - G M Chen
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - H S Chen
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Y Chen
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - L Cheng
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - H Y Chou
- National Central University (NCU), Chung-Li, Tao Yuan, 32054, Taiwan
| | - E Choumilov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - V Choutko
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - C H Chung
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - C Clark
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Jacobs Engineering, and Business Integra, Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - R Clavero
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), E-38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - G Coignet
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Savoie Mont Blanc, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France
| | - C Consolandi
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - A Contin
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - C Corti
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - W Creus
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - M Crispoltoni
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - Z Cui
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - K Dadzie
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Y M Dai
- Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - A Datta
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - C Delgado
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - S Della Torre
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - M B Demirköz
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - L Derome
- Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Grenoble-Alpes, F-38026 Grenoble, France
| | - S Di Falco
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - F Dimiccoli
- INFN TIFPA, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - C Díaz
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - P von Doetinchem
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - F Dong
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - F Donnini
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - M Duranti
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - D D'Urso
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - A Egorov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Eline
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - T Eronen
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - J Feng
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - E Fiandrini
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - P Fisher
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - V Formato
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - Y Galaktionov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - G Gallucci
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - R J García-López
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), E-38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - C Gargiulo
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - H Gast
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - I Gebauer
- Institut für Experimentelle Teilchenphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - M Gervasi
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - A Ghelfi
- Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Grenoble-Alpes, F-38026 Grenoble, France
| | - F Giovacchini
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - D M Gómez-Coral
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México, D. F., 01000 Mexico
| | - J Gong
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - C Goy
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Savoie Mont Blanc, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France
| | - V Grabski
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México, D. F., 01000 Mexico
| | - D Grandi
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - M Graziani
- Institut für Experimentelle Teilchenphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - K H Guo
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - S Haino
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - K C Han
- National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology (NCSIST), Longtan, Tao Yuan, 32546, Taiwan
| | - Z H He
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - M Heil
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - T H Hsieh
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H Huang
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Z C Huang
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - C Huh
- CHEP, Kyungpook National University, 41566 Daegu, Korea
| | - M Incagli
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - M Ionica
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - W Y Jang
- CHEP, Kyungpook National University, 41566 Daegu, Korea
| | - Yi Jia
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H Jinchi
- National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology (NCSIST), Longtan, Tao Yuan, 32546, Taiwan
| | - S C Kang
- CHEP, Kyungpook National University, 41566 Daegu, Korea
| | - K Kanishev
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
- INFN TIFPA, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - B Khiali
- National Central University (NCU), Chung-Li, Tao Yuan, 32054, Taiwan
| | - G N Kim
- CHEP, Kyungpook National University, 41566 Daegu, Korea
| | - K S Kim
- CHEP, Kyungpook National University, 41566 Daegu, Korea
| | - Th Kirn
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - C Konak
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - O Kounina
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Kounine
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - V Koutsenko
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Kulemzin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - G La Vacca
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - E Laudi
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - G Laurenti
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - I Lazzizzera
- INFN TIFPA, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - A Lebedev
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H T Lee
- Academia Sinica Grid Center (ASGC), Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - S C Lee
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - C Leluc
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - H S Li
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - J Q Li
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Q Li
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - T X Li
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Z H Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Z Y Li
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - S Lim
- CHEP, Kyungpook National University, 41566 Daegu, Korea
| | - C H Lin
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - P Lipari
- INFN Sezione di Roma 1, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - T Lippert
- Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - D Liu
- National Central University (NCU), Chung-Li, Tao Yuan, 32054, Taiwan
| | - Hu Liu
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - V D Lordello
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 369, 13560-970, São Carlos, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - S Q Lu
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Y S Lu
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - K Luebelsmeyer
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - F Luo
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - J Z Luo
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - S S Lyu
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - F Machate
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - C Mañá
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Marín
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - T Martin
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Jacobs Engineering, and Business Integra, Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - G Martínez
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - N Masi
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - D Maurin
- Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Grenoble-Alpes, F-38026 Grenoble, France
| | - A Menchaca-Rocha
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México, D. F., 01000 Mexico
| | - Q Meng
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - V M Mikuni
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 369, 13560-970, São Carlos, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - D C Mo
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - P Mott
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Jacobs Engineering, and Business Integra, Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - T Nelson
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - J Q Ni
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - N Nikonov
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - F Nozzoli
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
- INFN TIFPA, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - A Oliva
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Orcinha
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), P-1000 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M Palermo
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - F Palmonari
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - C Palomares
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Paniccia
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - M Pauluzzi
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - S Pensotti
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - C Perrina
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - H D Phan
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | | | - F Pilo
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - V Plyaskin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Pohl
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - V Poireau
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Savoie Mont Blanc, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France
| | - L Quadrani
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - X M Qi
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - X Qin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Z Y Qu
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - T Räihä
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - P G Rancoita
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - D Rapin
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - J S Ricol
- Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Grenoble-Alpes, F-38026 Grenoble, France
| | - S Rosier-Lees
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Savoie Mont Blanc, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France
| | - A Rozhkov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - D Rozza
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - R Sagdeev
- East-West Center for Space Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - S Schael
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - S M Schmidt
- Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - A Schulz von Dratzig
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - G Schwering
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - E S Seo
- IPST, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - B S Shan
- Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing, 100191, China
| | - J Y Shi
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - T Siedenburg
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - D Son
- CHEP, Kyungpook National University, 41566 Daegu, Korea
| | - J W Song
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - M Tacconi
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - X W Tang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Z C Tang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - D Tescaro
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), E-38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Samuel C C Ting
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - S M Ting
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - N Tomassetti
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - J Torsti
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - C Türkoğlu
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - T Urban
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Jacobs Engineering, and Business Integra, Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - V Vagelli
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - E Valente
- INFN Sezione di Roma 1, I-00185 Roma, Italy
- Università di Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - E Valtonen
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - M Vázquez Acosta
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), E-38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - M Vecchi
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 369, 13560-970, São Carlos, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - M Velasco
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J P Vialle
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Savoie Mont Blanc, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France
| | - L Q Wang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - N H Wang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Q L Wang
- Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - X Wang
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - X Q Wang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Z X Wang
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - C C Wei
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Z L Weng
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - K Whitman
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - H Wu
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - X Wu
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - R Q Xiong
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - W Xu
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Q Yan
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Yang
- Department of Physics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 120-750, Korea
| | - M Yang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Y Yang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - H Yi
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Y J Yu
- Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Z Q Yu
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - M Zannoni
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - S Zeissler
- Institut für Experimentelle Teilchenphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - C Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - F Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - J Zhang
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J H Zhang
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - S W Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Z Zhang
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Z M Zheng
- Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing, 100191, China
| | - H L Zhuang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - V Zhukov
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - A Zichichi
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - N Zimmermann
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - P Zuccon
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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Aguilar M, Ali Cavasonza L, Alpat B, Ambrosi G, Arruda L, Attig N, Aupetit S, Azzarello P, Bachlechner A, Barao F, Barrau A, Barrin L, Bartoloni A, Basara L, Başeğmez-du Pree S, Battarbee M, Battiston R, Becker U, Behlmann M, Beischer B, Berdugo J, Bertucci B, Bindel KF, Bindi V, de Boer W, Bollweg K, Bonnivard V, Borgia B, Boschini MJ, Bourquin M, Bueno EF, Burger J, Burger WJ, Cai XD, Capell M, Caroff S, Casaus J, Castellini G, Cervelli F, Chang YH, Chen AI, Chen GM, Chen HS, Chen Y, Cheng L, Chou HY, Choumilov E, Choutko V, Chung CH, Clark C, Clavero R, Coignet G, Consolandi C, Contin A, Corti C, Creus W, Crispoltoni M, Cui Z, Dadzie K, Dai YM, Datta A, Delgado C, Della Torre S, Demirköz MB, Derome L, Di Falco S, Dimiccoli F, Díaz C, von Doetinchem P, Dong F, Donnini F, Duranti M, Egorov A, Eline A, Eronen T, Feng J, Fiandrini E, Fisher P, Formato V, Galaktionov Y, Gallucci G, García-López RJ, Gargiulo C, Gast H, Gebauer I, Gervasi M, Ghelfi A, Giovacchini F, Gómez-Coral DM, Gong J, Goy C, Grabski V, Grandi D, Graziani M, Guo KH, Haino S, Han KC, He ZH, Heil M, Hsieh TH, Huang H, Huang ZC, Incagli M, Jia Y, Jinchi H, Kanishev K, Khiali B, Kirn T, Konak C, Kounina O, Kounine A, Koutsenko V, Kulemzin A, La Vacca G, Laudi E, Laurenti G, Lazzizzera I, Lebedev A, Lee HT, Lee SC, Leluc C, Li HS, Li JQ, Li Q, Li TX, Li ZH, Li ZY, Lin CH, Lipari P, Lippert T, Liu D, Liu H, Liu Z, Lordello VD, Lu SQ, Lu YS, Luebelsmeyer K, Luo F, Luo JZ, Lyu SS, Machate F, Mañá C, Marín J, Martin T, Martínez G, Masi N, Maurin D, Menchaca-Rocha A, Meng Q, Mikuni VM, Mo DC, Mott P, Mussolin L, Nelson T, Ni JQ, Nikonov N, Nozzoli F, Oliva A, Orcinha M, Palermo M, Palmonari F, Palomares C, Paniccia M, Pauluzzi M, Pensotti S, Perrina C, Phan HD, Picot-Clemente N, Pilo F, Plyaskin V, Pohl M, Poireau V, Quadrani L, Qi XM, Qin X, Qu ZY, Räihä T, Rancoita PG, Rapin D, Ricol JS, Rosier-Lees S, Rozhkov A, Rozza D, Sagdeev R, Schael S, Schmidt SM, Schulz von Dratzig A, Schwering G, Seo ES, Shan BS, Shi JY, Siedenburg T, Song JW, Tacconi M, Tang XW, Tang ZC, Tescaro D, Tian J, Ting SCC, Ting SM, Tomassetti N, Torsti J, Urban T, Vagelli V, Valente E, Valtonen E, Vázquez Acosta M, Vecchi M, Velasco M, Vialle JP, Wang LQ, Wang NH, Wang QL, Wang X, Wang XQ, Wang ZX, Wei CC, Wei J, Weng ZL, Whitman K, Wu H, Xiong RQ, Xu W, Yan Q, Yang M, Yang Y, Yi H, Yu YJ, Yu ZQ, Zannoni M, Zeissler S, Zhang C, Zhang F, Zhang J, Zhang JH, Zhang SW, Zhang Z, Zheng ZM, Zhuang HL, Zhukov V, Zichichi A, Zimmermann N, Zuccon P. Precision Measurement of Cosmic-Ray Nitrogen and its Primary and Secondary Components with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 121:051103. [PMID: 30118280 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.051103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A precision measurement of the nitrogen flux with rigidity (momentum per unit charge) from 2.2 GV to 3.3 TV based on 2.2×10^{6} events is presented. The detailed rigidity dependence of the nitrogen flux spectral index is presented for the first time. The spectral index rapidly hardens at high rigidities and becomes identical to the spectral indices of primary He, C, and O cosmic rays above ∼700 GV. We observed that the nitrogen flux Φ_{N} can be presented as the sum of its primary component Φ_{N}^{P} and secondary component Φ_{N}^{S}, Φ_{N}=Φ_{N}^{P}+Φ_{N}^{S}, and we found Φ_{N} is well described by the weighted sum of the oxygen flux Φ_{O} (primary cosmic rays) and the boron flux Φ_{B} (secondary cosmic rays), with Φ_{N}^{P}=(0.090±0.002)×Φ_{O} and Φ_{N}^{S}=(0.62±0.02)×Φ_{B} over the entire rigidity range. This corresponds to a change of the contribution of the secondary cosmic ray component in the nitrogen flux from 70% at a few GV to <30% above 1 TV.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Aguilar
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - L Ali Cavasonza
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - B Alpat
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - G Ambrosi
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - L Arruda
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), P-1000 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - N Attig
- Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - S Aupetit
- Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Grenoble-Alpes, F-38026 Grenoble, France
| | - P Azzarello
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - A Bachlechner
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - F Barao
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), P-1000 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - A Barrau
- Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Grenoble-Alpes, F-38026 Grenoble, France
| | - L Barrin
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | | | - L Basara
- INFN TIFPA, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - S Başeğmez-du Pree
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - M Battarbee
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - R Battiston
- INFN TIFPA, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - U Becker
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Behlmann
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - B Beischer
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - J Berdugo
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - B Bertucci
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - K F Bindel
- Institut für Experimentelle Teilchenphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - V Bindi
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - W de Boer
- Institut für Experimentelle Teilchenphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - K Bollweg
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Jacobs Engineering, and Business Integra, Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - V Bonnivard
- Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Grenoble-Alpes, F-38026 Grenoble, France
| | - B Borgia
- INFN Sezione di Roma 1, I-00185 Roma, Italy
- Università di Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - M J Boschini
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - M Bourquin
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - E F Bueno
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 369, 13560-970, São Carlos, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - J Burger
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | | | - X D Cai
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Capell
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - S Caroff
- Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), CNRS/IN2P3, Université Grenoble-Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, F-74000 Annecy, France
| | - J Casaus
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - F Cervelli
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - Y H Chang
- National Central University (NCU), Chung-Li, Tao Yuan 32054, Taiwan
| | - A I Chen
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - G M Chen
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - H S Chen
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Y Chen
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - L Cheng
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - H Y Chou
- National Central University (NCU), Chung-Li, Tao Yuan 32054, Taiwan
| | - E Choumilov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - V Choutko
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - C H Chung
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - C Clark
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Jacobs Engineering, and Business Integra, Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - R Clavero
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), E-38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - G Coignet
- Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), CNRS/IN2P3, Université Grenoble-Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, F-74000 Annecy, France
| | - C Consolandi
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - A Contin
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - C Corti
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - W Creus
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - M Crispoltoni
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - Z Cui
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - K Dadzie
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Y M Dai
- Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - A Datta
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - C Delgado
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - S Della Torre
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - M B Demirköz
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - L Derome
- Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Grenoble-Alpes, F-38026 Grenoble, France
| | - S Di Falco
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - F Dimiccoli
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
- INFN TIFPA, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - C Díaz
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - P von Doetinchem
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - F Dong
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - F Donnini
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - M Duranti
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - A Egorov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Eline
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - T Eronen
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - J Feng
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - E Fiandrini
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - P Fisher
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - V Formato
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - Y Galaktionov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - G Gallucci
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - R J García-López
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), E-38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - C Gargiulo
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - H Gast
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - I Gebauer
- Institut für Experimentelle Teilchenphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - M Gervasi
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - A Ghelfi
- Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Grenoble-Alpes, F-38026 Grenoble, France
| | - F Giovacchini
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - D M Gómez-Coral
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México, D. F., 01000 Mexico
| | - J Gong
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - C Goy
- Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), CNRS/IN2P3, Université Grenoble-Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, F-74000 Annecy, France
| | - V Grabski
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México, D. F., 01000 Mexico
| | - D Grandi
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - M Graziani
- Institut für Experimentelle Teilchenphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - K H Guo
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - S Haino
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - K C Han
- National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology (NCSIST), Longtan, Tao Yuan 32546, Taiwan
| | - Z H He
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - M Heil
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - T H Hsieh
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H Huang
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Z C Huang
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - M Incagli
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - Yi Jia
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H Jinchi
- National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology (NCSIST), Longtan, Tao Yuan 32546, Taiwan
| | - K Kanishev
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
- INFN TIFPA, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - B Khiali
- National Central University (NCU), Chung-Li, Tao Yuan 32054, Taiwan
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - Th Kirn
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - C Konak
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - O Kounina
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Kounine
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - V Koutsenko
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Kulemzin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - G La Vacca
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - E Laudi
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - G Laurenti
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - I Lazzizzera
- INFN TIFPA, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - A Lebedev
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H T Lee
- Academia Sinica Grid Center (ASGC), Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - S C Lee
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - C Leluc
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - H S Li
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - J Q Li
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Q Li
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - T X Li
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Z H Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Z Y Li
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - C H Lin
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - P Lipari
- INFN Sezione di Roma 1, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - T Lippert
- Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - D Liu
- National Central University (NCU), Chung-Li, Tao Yuan 32054, Taiwan
| | - Hu Liu
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Z Liu
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - V D Lordello
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 369, 13560-970, São Carlos, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - S Q Lu
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Y S Lu
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - K Luebelsmeyer
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - F Luo
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - J Z Luo
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - S S Lyu
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - F Machate
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - C Mañá
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Marín
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - T Martin
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Jacobs Engineering, and Business Integra, Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - G Martínez
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - N Masi
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - D Maurin
- Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Grenoble-Alpes, F-38026 Grenoble, France
| | - A Menchaca-Rocha
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México, D. F., 01000 Mexico
| | - Q Meng
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - V M Mikuni
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 369, 13560-970, São Carlos, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - D C Mo
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - P Mott
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Jacobs Engineering, and Business Integra, Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - L Mussolin
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - T Nelson
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - J Q Ni
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - N Nikonov
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - F Nozzoli
- INFN TIFPA, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - A Oliva
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Orcinha
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), P-1000 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M Palermo
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - F Palmonari
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - C Palomares
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Paniccia
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - M Pauluzzi
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - S Pensotti
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - C Perrina
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - H D Phan
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | | | - F Pilo
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - V Plyaskin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Pohl
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - V Poireau
- Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), CNRS/IN2P3, Université Grenoble-Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, F-74000 Annecy, France
| | - L Quadrani
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - X M Qi
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - X Qin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Z Y Qu
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - T Räihä
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - P G Rancoita
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - D Rapin
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - J S Ricol
- Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Grenoble-Alpes, F-38026 Grenoble, France
| | - S Rosier-Lees
- Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), CNRS/IN2P3, Université Grenoble-Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, F-74000 Annecy, France
| | - A Rozhkov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - D Rozza
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - R Sagdeev
- East-West Center for Space Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - S Schael
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - S M Schmidt
- Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - A Schulz von Dratzig
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - G Schwering
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - E S Seo
- IPST, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - B S Shan
- Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing 100191, China
| | - J Y Shi
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - T Siedenburg
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - J W Song
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - M Tacconi
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - X W Tang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Z C Tang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - D Tescaro
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), E-38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - J Tian
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - Samuel C C Ting
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - S M Ting
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - N Tomassetti
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - J Torsti
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - T Urban
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Jacobs Engineering, and Business Integra, Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - V Vagelli
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - E Valente
- INFN Sezione di Roma 1, I-00185 Roma, Italy
- Università di Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - E Valtonen
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - M Vázquez Acosta
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), E-38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - M Vecchi
- KVI-Center for Advanced Radiation Technology, University of Groningen, NL-9700 AB Groningen, Netherlands
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 369, 13560-970, São Carlos, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - M Velasco
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J P Vialle
- Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), CNRS/IN2P3, Université Grenoble-Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, F-74000 Annecy, France
| | - L Q Wang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - N H Wang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Q L Wang
- Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - X Wang
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - X Q Wang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Z X Wang
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - C C Wei
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - J Wei
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - Z L Weng
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - K Whitman
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - H Wu
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - R Q Xiong
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - W Xu
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Q Yan
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Yang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Y Yang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - H Yi
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Y J Yu
- Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Z Q Yu
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - M Zannoni
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - S Zeissler
- Institut für Experimentelle Teilchenphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - C Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - F Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - J Zhang
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J H Zhang
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - S W Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Z Zhang
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Z M Zheng
- Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing 100191, China
| | - H L Zhuang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - V Zhukov
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - A Zichichi
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - N Zimmermann
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - P Zuccon
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- INFN TIFPA, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
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Aguilar M, Ali Cavasonza L, Alpat B, Ambrosi G, Arruda L, Attig N, Aupetit S, Azzarello P, Bachlechner A, Barao F, Barrau A, Barrin L, Bartoloni A, Basara L, Başeğmez-du Pree S, Battarbee M, Battiston R, Becker U, Behlmann M, Beischer B, Berdugo J, Bertucci B, Bindel KF, Bindi V, de Boer W, Bollweg K, Bonnivard V, Borgia B, Boschini MJ, Bourquin M, Bueno EF, Burger J, Cadoux F, Cai XD, Capell M, Caroff S, Casaus J, Castellini G, Cervelli F, Chae MJ, Chang YH, Chen AI, Chen GM, Chen HS, Chen Y, Cheng L, Chou HY, Choumilov E, Choutko V, Chung CH, Clark C, Clavero R, Coignet G, Consolandi C, Contin A, Corti C, Creus W, Crispoltoni M, Cui Z, Dadzie K, Dai YM, Datta A, Delgado C, Della Torre S, Demirköz MB, Derome L, Di Falco S, Dimiccoli F, Díaz C, von Doetinchem P, Dong F, Donnini F, Duranti M, D'Urso D, Egorov A, Eline A, Eronen T, Feng J, Fiandrini E, Fisher P, Formato V, Galaktionov Y, Gallucci G, García-López RJ, Gargiulo C, Gast H, Gebauer I, Gervasi M, Ghelfi A, Giovacchini F, Gómez-Coral DM, Gong J, Goy C, Grabski V, Grandi D, Graziani M, Guo KH, Haino S, Han KC, He ZH, Heil M, Hoffman J, Hsieh TH, Huang H, Huang ZC, Huh C, Incagli M, Ionica M, Jang WY, Jia Y, Jinchi H, Kang SC, Kanishev K, Khiali B, Kim GN, Kim KS, Kirn T, Konak C, Kounina O, Kounine A, Koutsenko V, Kulemzin A, La Vacca G, Laudi E, Laurenti G, Lazzizzera I, Lebedev A, Lee HT, Lee SC, Leluc C, Li HS, Li JQ, Li Q, Li TX, Li ZH, Li ZY, Light C, Lim S, Lin CH, Lipari P, Lippert T, Liu D, Liu H, Lordello VD, Lu SQ, Lu YS, Luebelsmeyer K, Luo F, Luo JZ, Luo X, Lyu SS, Machate F, Mañá C, Marín J, Martin T, Martínez G, Masi N, Maurin D, Menchaca-Rocha A, Meng Q, Mikuni VM, Mo DC, Mott P, Nelson T, Ni JQ, Nikonov N, Nozzoli F, Oliva A, Orcinha M, Palermo M, Palmonari F, Palomares C, Paniccia M, Pauluzzi M, Pensotti S, Perrina C, Phan HD, Picot-Clemente N, Pilo F, Pizzolotto C, Plyaskin V, Pohl M, Poireau V, Popkow A, Quadrani L, Qi XM, Qin X, Qu ZY, Räihä T, Rancoita PG, Rapin D, Ricol JS, Rosier-Lees S, Rozhkov A, Rozza D, Sagdeev R, Schael S, Schmidt SM, Schulz von Dratzig A, Schwering G, Seo ES, Shan BS, Shi JY, Siedenburg T, Son D, Song JW, Tacconi M, Tang XW, Tang ZC, Tescaro D, Ting SCC, Ting SM, Tomassetti N, Torsti J, Türkoğlu C, Urban T, Vagelli V, Valente E, Valtonen E, Vázquez Acosta M, Vecchi M, Velasco M, Vialle JP, Wang LQ, Wang NH, Wang QL, Wang X, Wang XQ, Wang ZX, Wei CC, Weng ZL, Whitman K, Wu H, Wu X, Xiong RQ, Xu W, Yan Q, Yang J, Yang M, Yang Y, Yi H, Yu YJ, Yu ZQ, Zannoni M, Zeissler S, Zhang C, Zhang F, Zhang J, Zhang JH, Zhang SW, Zhang Z, Zheng ZM, Zhuang HL, Zhukov V, Zichichi A, Zimmermann N, Zuccon P. Observation of Fine Time Structures in the Cosmic Proton and Helium Fluxes with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 121:051101. [PMID: 30118264 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.051101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We present the precision measurement from May 2011 to May 2017 (79 Bartels rotations) of the proton fluxes at rigidities from 1 to 60 GV and the helium fluxes from 1.9 to 60 GV based on a total of 1×10^{9} events collected with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer aboard the International Space Station. This measurement is in solar cycle 24, which has the solar maximum in April 2014. We observed that, below 40 GV, the proton flux and the helium flux show nearly identical fine structures in both time and relative amplitude. The amplitudes of the flux structures decrease with increasing rigidity and vanish above 40 GV. The amplitudes of the structures are reduced during the time period, which started one year after solar maximum, when the proton and helium fluxes steadily increase. Above ∼3 GV the p/He flux ratio is time independent. We observed that below ∼3 GV the ratio has a long-term decrease coinciding with the period during which the fluxes start to rise.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Aguilar
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - L Ali Cavasonza
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - B Alpat
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - G Ambrosi
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - L Arruda
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), P-1000 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - N Attig
- Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - S Aupetit
- Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Grenoble-Alpes, F-38026 Grenoble, France
| | - P Azzarello
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - A Bachlechner
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - F Barao
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), P-1000 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - A Barrau
- Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Grenoble-Alpes, F-38026 Grenoble, France
| | - L Barrin
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | | | - L Basara
- INFN TIFPA, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - S Başeğmez-du Pree
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - M Battarbee
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - R Battiston
- INFN TIFPA, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - U Becker
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Behlmann
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - B Beischer
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - J Berdugo
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - B Bertucci
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - K F Bindel
- Institut für Experimentelle Teilchenphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - V Bindi
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - W de Boer
- Institut für Experimentelle Teilchenphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - K Bollweg
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Jacobs Engineering, and Business Integra, Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - V Bonnivard
- Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Grenoble-Alpes, F-38026 Grenoble, France
| | - B Borgia
- INFN Sezione di Roma 1, I-00185 Roma, Italy
- Università di Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - M J Boschini
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - M Bourquin
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - E F Bueno
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 369, 13560-970, São Carlos, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - J Burger
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - F Cadoux
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - X D Cai
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Capell
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - S Caroff
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Savoie Mont Blanc, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France
| | - J Casaus
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - F Cervelli
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - M J Chae
- Department of Physics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 120-750, Korea
| | - Y H Chang
- National Central University (NCU), Chung-Li, Tao Yuan, 32054, Taiwan
| | - A I Chen
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - G M Chen
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - H S Chen
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Y Chen
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - L Cheng
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - H Y Chou
- National Central University (NCU), Chung-Li, Tao Yuan, 32054, Taiwan
| | - E Choumilov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - V Choutko
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - C H Chung
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - C Clark
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Jacobs Engineering, and Business Integra, Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - R Clavero
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), E-38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - G Coignet
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Savoie Mont Blanc, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France
| | - C Consolandi
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - A Contin
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - C Corti
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - W Creus
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - M Crispoltoni
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - Z Cui
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - K Dadzie
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Y M Dai
- Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - A Datta
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - C Delgado
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - S Della Torre
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - M B Demirköz
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - L Derome
- Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Grenoble-Alpes, F-38026 Grenoble, France
| | - S Di Falco
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - F Dimiccoli
- INFN TIFPA, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - C Díaz
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - P von Doetinchem
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - F Dong
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - F Donnini
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - M Duranti
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - D D'Urso
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - A Egorov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Eline
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - T Eronen
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - J Feng
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - E Fiandrini
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - P Fisher
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - V Formato
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - Y Galaktionov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - G Gallucci
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - R J García-López
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), E-38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - C Gargiulo
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - H Gast
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - I Gebauer
- Institut für Experimentelle Teilchenphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - M Gervasi
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - A Ghelfi
- Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Grenoble-Alpes, F-38026 Grenoble, France
| | - F Giovacchini
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - D M Gómez-Coral
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México, D. F., 01000 Mexico
| | - J Gong
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - C Goy
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Savoie Mont Blanc, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France
| | - V Grabski
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México, D. F., 01000 Mexico
| | - D Grandi
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - M Graziani
- Institut für Experimentelle Teilchenphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - K H Guo
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - S Haino
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - K C Han
- National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology (NCSIST), Longtan, Tao Yuan, 32546, Taiwan
| | - Z H He
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - M Heil
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Hoffman
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - T H Hsieh
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H Huang
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Z C Huang
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - C Huh
- CHEP, Kyungpook National University, 41566 Daegu, Korea
| | - M Incagli
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - M Ionica
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - W Y Jang
- CHEP, Kyungpook National University, 41566 Daegu, Korea
| | - Yi Jia
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H Jinchi
- National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology (NCSIST), Longtan, Tao Yuan, 32546, Taiwan
| | - S C Kang
- CHEP, Kyungpook National University, 41566 Daegu, Korea
| | - K Kanishev
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
- INFN TIFPA, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - B Khiali
- National Central University (NCU), Chung-Li, Tao Yuan, 32054, Taiwan
| | - G N Kim
- CHEP, Kyungpook National University, 41566 Daegu, Korea
| | - K S Kim
- CHEP, Kyungpook National University, 41566 Daegu, Korea
| | - Th Kirn
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - C Konak
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - O Kounina
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Kounine
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - V Koutsenko
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Kulemzin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - G La Vacca
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - E Laudi
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - G Laurenti
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - I Lazzizzera
- INFN TIFPA, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - A Lebedev
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H T Lee
- Academia Sinica Grid Center (ASGC), Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - S C Lee
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - C Leluc
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - H S Li
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - J Q Li
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Q Li
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - T X Li
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Z H Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Z Y Li
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - C Light
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - S Lim
- CHEP, Kyungpook National University, 41566 Daegu, Korea
| | - C H Lin
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - P Lipari
- INFN Sezione di Roma 1, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - T Lippert
- Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - D Liu
- National Central University (NCU), Chung-Li, Tao Yuan, 32054, Taiwan
| | - Hu Liu
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - V D Lordello
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 369, 13560-970, São Carlos, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - S Q Lu
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Y S Lu
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - K Luebelsmeyer
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - F Luo
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - J Z Luo
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - X Luo
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - S S Lyu
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - F Machate
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - C Mañá
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Marín
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - T Martin
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Jacobs Engineering, and Business Integra, Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - G Martínez
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - N Masi
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - D Maurin
- Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Grenoble-Alpes, F-38026 Grenoble, France
| | - A Menchaca-Rocha
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México, D. F., 01000 Mexico
| | - Q Meng
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - V M Mikuni
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 369, 13560-970, São Carlos, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - D C Mo
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - P Mott
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Jacobs Engineering, and Business Integra, Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - T Nelson
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - J Q Ni
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - N Nikonov
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - F Nozzoli
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - A Oliva
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Orcinha
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), P-1000 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M Palermo
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - F Palmonari
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - C Palomares
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Paniccia
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - M Pauluzzi
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - S Pensotti
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - C Perrina
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - H D Phan
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | | | - F Pilo
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - V Plyaskin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Pohl
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - V Poireau
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Savoie Mont Blanc, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France
| | - A Popkow
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - L Quadrani
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - X M Qi
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - X Qin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Z Y Qu
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - T Räihä
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - P G Rancoita
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - D Rapin
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - J S Ricol
- Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Grenoble-Alpes, F-38026 Grenoble, France
| | - S Rosier-Lees
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Savoie Mont Blanc, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France
| | - A Rozhkov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - D Rozza
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - R Sagdeev
- East-West Center for Space Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - S Schael
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - S M Schmidt
- Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - A Schulz von Dratzig
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - G Schwering
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - E S Seo
- IPST, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - B S Shan
- Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing, 100191, China
| | - J Y Shi
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - T Siedenburg
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - D Son
- CHEP, Kyungpook National University, 41566 Daegu, Korea
| | - J W Song
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - M Tacconi
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - X W Tang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Z C Tang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - D Tescaro
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), E-38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Samuel C C Ting
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - S M Ting
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - N Tomassetti
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - J Torsti
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - C Türkoğlu
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - T Urban
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Jacobs Engineering, and Business Integra, Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - V Vagelli
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - E Valente
- INFN Sezione di Roma 1, I-00185 Roma, Italy
- Università di Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - E Valtonen
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - M Vázquez Acosta
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), E-38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - M Vecchi
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 369, 13560-970, São Carlos, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - M Velasco
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J P Vialle
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Savoie Mont Blanc, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France
| | - L Q Wang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - N H Wang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Q L Wang
- Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - X Wang
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - X Q Wang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Z X Wang
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - C C Wei
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Z L Weng
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - K Whitman
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - H Wu
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - X Wu
- DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - R Q Xiong
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - W Xu
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Q Yan
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Yang
- Department of Physics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 120-750, Korea
| | - M Yang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Y Yang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - H Yi
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Y J Yu
- Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Z Q Yu
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - M Zannoni
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - S Zeissler
- Institut für Experimentelle Teilchenphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - C Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - F Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - J Zhang
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J H Zhang
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - S W Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Z Zhang
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Z M Zheng
- Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing, 100191, China
| | - H L Zhuang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - V Zhukov
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - A Zichichi
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - N Zimmermann
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - P Zuccon
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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239
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Xia J, Sun B, Yang Y, Li J, Jia Y, Dong W, Li J. Controlled movement of kinesin-driven microtubule along a directional track. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2018.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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240
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Cao X, Zhi L, Jia Y, Li Y, Cui X, Zhao K, Ci L, Ding K, Wei J. High annealing temperature induced rapid grain coarsening for efficient perovskite solar cells. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 524:483-489. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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241
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Guo R, Tian J, Jia Y. [Comparison of lymphatic staining methods based on whole organ sections of laryngeal carcinoma]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018; 32:988-992. [PMID: 29986560 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2018.13.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:To compare the diagnostic potential of HE staining, enzymatic histochemistry and immunohistochemistry in displaying lymphatic vessel of laryngeal carcinoma.Method:We recruited 3 patients who were pathologically diagnozed as laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and were performed total laryngectomy in the First Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from April to December 2016. According to the improved Kawamoto's Film Method, frozen specimens of whole laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma were made. Immunohistochemistry, using lymphatic endothelial cell specific marker D2-40, enzymatic histochemistry (5-nucleotidase) and HE staining were used to stain the frozen sections of laryngeal carcinoma. Then the staining results of lymphatic vessels in the specimens of laryngeal carcinoma were compared by the optical microscope. Result:The background of HE and D2-40 immunohistochemical staining were clear.5-Nase staining had a deeper background and more nonspecific staining. By immunohistochemistry,102(97.1%,102/105)blood vessels were identified, and 3(2.9%) were partly positive. While using 5-Nase,56(53,3%,56/105)blood vessels were identified. In 105 lumen structures that could not be clearly judged,95(90,5%)were positive by D2-40,while by 5-Nase staining,89(84.8%)were positive including a large number of glands.In addition, positive cells scattered in dots or clusters were observed in 5-Nase and D2-40 staining sections, but these cells or structures could not be identified by HE staining. Conclusion:D2-40 immunohistochemistry may have certain applied value in the study of lymphatic vessels associated with laryngeal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Guo
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, Key Institute and Laboratory of Otolaryngology Affiliated to Shanxi Province, Taiyuan,030001, China
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242
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Zhou M, Gan Y, He C, Chen Z, Jia Y. Lipidomics reveals skin surface lipid abnormity in acne in young men. Br J Dermatol 2018; 179:732-740. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.16655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development; School of Science; Beijing Technology and Business University; Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Cosmetic of China National Light Industry; School of Science; Beijing Technology and Business University; Beijing China
| | - Y. Gan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development; School of Science; Beijing Technology and Business University; Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Cosmetic of China National Light Industry; School of Science; Beijing Technology and Business University; Beijing China
| | - C. He
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development; School of Science; Beijing Technology and Business University; Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Cosmetic of China National Light Industry; School of Science; Beijing Technology and Business University; Beijing China
| | - Z. Chen
- Department of Dermatology; Peking University People's Hospital; Beijing China
| | - Y. Jia
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development; School of Science; Beijing Technology and Business University; Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Cosmetic of China National Light Industry; School of Science; Beijing Technology and Business University; Beijing China
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243
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Zhang L, Jia Y, Yan X, Yao X. Activity Origins in Nanocarbons for the Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Reaction. Small 2018; 14:e1800235. [PMID: 29726095 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201800235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable hydrogen production is an essential prerequisite for realizing the future hydrogen economy. The electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), as the cornerstone of exploring the mechanism of water electrolysis, has attracted extensive interest in the past decades. Carbon-based materials with significant merits such as abundance, low cost, high conductivity, and tunable molecular structures, are considered as promising candidates for replacing the commercial noble metal electrocatalysts. To date, activity origins of these carbon-based electrocatalysts are mainly attributed to the dopants (e.g., N, B, P or S), whereas the contribution of intrinsic/induced carbon defects has recently been a hot research topic. In this Review, besides the development of heteroatoms doping strategies, the latest studies on defective carbon-based materials for HER electrocatalysis are summarized, especially for various approaches to prepare defective carbons and the detailed introduction regarding the defect catalysis mechanism. Finally, an outlook into the development of future defective carbon-based HER electrocatalysts is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longzhou Zhang
- School of Environment and Science, Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Yi Jia
- School of Environment and Science, Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Xuecheng Yan
- School of Environment and Science, Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Xiangdong Yao
- School of Environment and Science, Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, QLD, 4111, Australia
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244
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Han S, Chen S, Li L, Li J, An H, Tao H, Jia Y, Lu S, Wang R, Zhang J. Multiscale and Multifunctional Emulsions by Host-Guest Interaction-Mediated Self-Assembly. ACS Cent Sci 2018; 4:600-605. [PMID: 29806006 PMCID: PMC5968510 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.8b00084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Emulsions are widely used in numerous fields. Therefore, there has been increasing interest in the development of new emulsification strategies toward emulsions with advanced functions. Herein we report the formation of diverse emulsions by host-guest interaction-mediated interfacial self-assembly under mild conditions. In this strategy, a hydrophilic diblock copolymer with one block containing β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) can assemble at the oil/water interface when its aqueous solution is mixed with an oil phase of benzyl alcohol (BA), by host-guest interactions between β-CD and BA. This results in significantly reduced interfacial tension and the formation of switchable emulsions with easily tunable droplet sizes. Furthermore, nanoemulsions with excellent stability are successfully prepared simply via vortexing. The self-assembled oil-in-water emulsions also show catastrophic phase inversion, which can generate stable bicontinuous phase and water-in-oil emulsions, thereby further extending phase structures that can be realized by this host-guest self-assembly approach. Moreover, the host-guest nanoemulsions are able to engineer different nanoparticles and microstructures as well as solubilize a diverse array of hydrophobic drugs and dramatically enhance their oral bioavailability. The host-guest self-assembly emulsification is facile, energetically friendly, and fully translatable to industry, therefore representing a conceptually creative approach toward advanced emulsions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songling Han
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third
Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third
Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
- Experimental
Teaching Management Center, Bin Zhou Medical
University, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Lanlan Li
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third
Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, and Institute
of Chinese Medical Sciences, University
of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Jin Li
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third
Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Huijie An
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third
Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Hui Tao
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third
Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yi Jia
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third
Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Shan Lu
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third
Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Ruibing Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, and Institute
of Chinese Medical Sciences, University
of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Jianxiang Zhang
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third
Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
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245
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Jia Y, Li L. Influence Of Different Sole Thickness On Biomechanical Parameters Of Human lower Extremity. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2018. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000538684.05466.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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246
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Huang J, Jia Y, Li Q, Burris WR, Bridges PJ, Matthews JC. Hepatic glutamate transport and glutamine synthesis capacities are decreased in finished vs. growing beef steers, concomitant with increased GTRAP3-18 content. Amino Acids 2018; 50:513-525. [PMID: 29392419 PMCID: PMC5917004 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-018-2540-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic glutamate uptake and conversion to glutamine is critical for whole-body N metabolism, but how this process is regulated during growth is poorly described. The hepatic glutamate uptake activities, protein content of system [Formula: see text] transporters (EAAC1, GLT-1) and regulatory proteins (GTRAP3-18, ARL6IP1), glutamine synthetase (GS) activity and content, and glutathione (GSH) content, were compared in liver tissue of weaned Angus steers randomly assigned (n = 8) to predominantly lean (growing) or predominantly lipid (finished) growth regimens. Steers were fed a cotton seed hull-based diet to achieve final body weights of 301 or 576 kg, respectively, at a constant rate of growth. Liver tissue was collected at slaughter and hepatic membranes fractionated. Total (75%), Na+-dependent (90%), system [Formula: see text]-dependent (abolished) glutamate uptake activity, and EAAC1 content (36%) in canalicular membrane-enriched vesicles decreased as steers developed from growing (n = 6) to finished (n = 4) stages, whereas Na+-independent uptake did not change. In basolateral membrane-enriched vesicles, total (60%), Na+-dependent (60%), and Na+-independent (56%) activities decreased, whereas neither system [Formula: see text]-dependent uptake nor protein content changed. EAAC1 protein content in liver homogenates (n = 8) decreased in finished vs. growing steers, whereas GTRAP3-18 and ARL6IP1 content increased and GLT-1 content did not change. Concomitantly, hepatic GS activity decreased (32%) as steers fattened, whereas GS and GSH contents did not differ. We conclude that hepatic glutamate uptake and GS synthesis capacities are reduced in livers of finished versus growing beef steers, and that hepatic system [Formula: see text] transporter activity/EAAC1 content is inversely proportional to GTRAP3-18 content.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Huang
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, 40546, USA
| | - Y Jia
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, 40546, USA
| | - Q Li
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, 40546, USA
| | - W R Burris
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, 40546, USA
| | - P J Bridges
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, 40546, USA
| | - J C Matthews
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, 40546, USA.
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247
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Li Q, Jia Y, Bridges P, Matthews JC. 40 Forms of Selenium in Vitamin-Mineral Mixes Differentially Affect the Expression of Genes Responsible for Prolactin and ACTH Synthesis in Pituitaries of Steers Grazing Endophyte-Infected Tall Fescue. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky027.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Q Li
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Y Jia
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - P Bridges
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
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248
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Jia Y, Adams AA, Burris WR, Bridges P, Matthews JC. 44 The Form of Selenium in Free-Choice Vitamin-Mineral Mixes Affects the Percentage of Circulating Neutrophils and Lymphocytes in Beef Calves Subjected to Combined Weaning and Shipping Events. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky027.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Y Jia
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - A A Adams
- The Gluck Equine Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | | | - P Bridges
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
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249
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Yan X, Jia Y, Zhuang L, Zhang L, Wang K, Yao X. Defective Carbons Derived from Macadamia Nut Shell Biomass for Efficient Oxygen Reduction and Supercapacitors. ChemElectroChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201800068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuecheng Yan
- School of Natural Sciences and Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre Griffith University Nathan Campus QLD 4111 Australia
| | - Yi Jia
- School of Natural Sciences and Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre Griffith University Nathan Campus QLD 4111 Australia
| | - Linzhou Zhuang
- School of Chemical Engineering The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Longzhou Zhang
- School of Natural Sciences and Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre Griffith University Nathan Campus QLD 4111 Australia
| | - Kang Wang
- School of Natural Sciences and Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre Griffith University Nathan Campus QLD 4111 Australia
- Department of Chemistry University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 the People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangdong Yao
- School of Natural Sciences and Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre Griffith University Nathan Campus QLD 4111 Australia
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250
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Abstract
PurposeTo determine what impact rapid ascension to a high-altitude environment has on the retina with the aim of preventing and treating high-altitude oculopathy.Patients and methodsParticipants in the study were members of the Chinese military assigned to the high-altitude environment of the Tibetan plateau. Ninety-one participants were enrolled in the study. Optical coherence tomography was used to measure the thickness of retina-related indicators. Measurements were taken before and after exposure to the high-altitude environment and upon return to the baseline altitude.ResultsFollowing exposure to the high-altitude environment in Tibet, there was a significant increase in retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in the temporal and nasal quadrants of the optic disc, whilst a significant decrease in RNFL thickness in the inferior optic disc was also observed. A significant increase in RNFL thickness in the superior and inferior macula was also evident, along with a significant increase in the ganglion cell layer thickness in the superior macula. Upon return to the baseline altitude, all measurements returned to baseline levels except for the RNFL of the inferior macula, which was significantly thicker. Pathological changes were also documented in the eyes of nine participants upon returning to baseline altitude, including ischemic optic neuropathy, myopia, and cortical amaurosis.ConclusionsThe high-altitude environment can have a negative impact on the health of the retina and may contribute to the incidence of various eye diseases. This study deepens the understanding of what impact a high-altitude environment has on retina and provides reliable data for blindness prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Tian
- Department of Ophthalmology, the 153rd Central Hospital of PLA, Zhengzhou, China
| | - B Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the 153rd Central Hospital of PLA, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Y Jia
- Department of Ophthalmology, the 153rd Central Hospital of PLA, Zhengzhou, China
| | - C Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the 153rd Central Hospital of PLA, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Q Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, the 153rd Central Hospital of PLA, Zhengzhou, China
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