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Chang B, Wang Z, Ren M, Yao Q, Zhao L, Zhou X. A Novel CASC15-ALK and TFG-ROS1 Fusion Observed in Uterine Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor. Int J Gynecol Pathol 2023; 42:451-459. [PMID: 36730016 DOI: 10.1097/pgp.0000000000000926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The majority of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs) in the gynecologic tract occur in the uterine corpus and harbor anaplastic lymphoma kinase ( ALK ) rearrangement. Herein, we report 1 uterine IMT case with a novel fusion involving ALK and 1 uterine IMT case with ROS1 rearrangement. The ages of the patients were 56 and 57 yr, respectively. The tumor size was 10.0 and 8.0 cm, respectively. Both patients had stage IB disease. Histologically, the 2 IMT cases had classic morphologic features and predominantly comprised bland spindle cells with hypercellular (fascicular/storiform) and hypocellular (myxoid rich) areas admixed with variably prominent lymphoplasmacytic infiltration. Immunohistochemically, the ALK -rearranged case was positive for ALK , and the ROS1 -rearranged case was positive for ROS1 . Both cases were diffusely positive for desmin. The tumor cells were variably positive for estrogen receptor (1/2 cases, 50.0%) and progesterone receptor (1/2 cases, 50.0%). Targeted RNA sequencing revealed one case each with either a novel CASC15-ALK or TFG-ROS 1 fusion. We identified a novel ALK fusion partner CASC15 in IMT and described the first uterine IMT with a TFG-ROS1 fusion. This study improves our understanding of molecular events in IMT.
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Schoot RA, Orbach D, Minard Colin V, Alaggio R, Di Carlo D, Corradini N, Mercolini F, Milano GM, van Noesel MM, Rome A, Dall'Igna P, Pajtler K, Sparber-Sauer M, Ferrari A, Casanova M. Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor With ROS1 Gene Fusions in Children and Young Adolescents. JCO Precis Oncol 2023; 7:e2300323. [PMID: 37856763 DOI: 10.1200/po.23.00323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs) are often driven by anaplastic lymphoma kinase fusions and less frequently by alternative fusions such as ROS1. We describe the clinical characteristics, treatment approach, and outcome for a series of young patients with IMTs and ROS1 alterations. METHODS This was a retrospective, international, multicenter study analyzing young patients (younger than 21 years) with ROS1-altered IMTs treated in 10 European referral centers between 2014 and 2022. Patients were included in the European pediatric Soft tissue sarcoma Study Group NRSTS-2005 protocol or registered in the Soft Tissue Sarcoma Registry. Primary surgery was recommended if a microscopic radical resection was feasible without mutilation. No standard systemic treatment protocol was available, but several medical options were recommended. RESULTS A total of 19 patients (median age 8.3 years) were included. Most patients had a biopsy at diagnosis (Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study [IRS] I; n = 2, IRS II; n = 1, IRS III biopsy; n = 11, IRS III resection; n = 3, IRS IV; n = 2). Twelve patients received neoadjuvant systemic therapy in first line (four received multiple treatments): high-dose steroids (n = 2), vinorelbine/vinblastine with methotrexate (n = 6), or ROS1 inhibitors (n = 8). After a median follow-up of 2.8 years (range, 0.2-13.4), seven patients developed an event. The 3-year event-free survival was 41% (95% CI, 11 to 71), and the 3-year overall survival was 100%. CONCLUSION Outcome for ROS1-altered IMTs appears excellent. A complete resection at diagnosis was often not feasible, and most patients needed neoadjuvant therapy. Patients who developed a tumor event could be cured with reinitiation of systemic therapy and/or surgery. This approach illustrates a switch in treatment philosophy moving from immediate, often mutilating, surgery to systemic (targeted) therapy as a bridge to more conservative surgery later in the treatment course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reineke A Schoot
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Daniel Orbach
- SIREDO Oncology Center (Care, Innovation and Research for Children, Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer), Institut Curie, PSL University, Paris, France
| | - Veronique Minard Colin
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, Gustave-Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Rita Alaggio
- Pathology Unit, Department of Laboratories, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Di Carlo
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Division, University Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Nadege Corradini
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Institut d'Hematologie et d'Oncologie Pédiatrique, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Federico Mercolini
- Pediatric Oncology and Hematology "Lalla Seràgnoli", Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Maria Milano
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCSS), Rome, Italy
| | - Max M van Noesel
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Angelique Rome
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Timone Children's Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Patrizia Dall'Igna
- Pediatric Surgery, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Jonic Area, Pediatric Hospital Giovanni XXIII, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Kristian Pajtler
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Immunology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Monika Sparber-Sauer
- Stuttgart Cancer Center, Zentrum für Kinder-, Jugend- und Frauenmedizin (Olgahospital), Pädiatrie 5 (Pädiatrische Onkologie, Hämatologie, Immunologie), Klinikum der Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
- Medical Faculty, University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andrea Ferrari
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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Decker A, Matsumoto M, Decker J, Roh A, Inohara N, Sugai J, Martin K, Taichman R, Kaigler D, Shea L, Núñez G. Inhibition of Mertk Signaling Enhances Bone Healing after Tooth Extraction. J Dent Res 2023; 102:1131-1140. [PMID: 37350025 PMCID: PMC10552464 DOI: 10.1177/00220345231177996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Regeneration of alveolar bone is an essential step in restoring healthy function following tooth extraction. Growth of new bone in the healing extraction socket can be variable and often unpredictable when systemic comorbidities are present, leading to the need for additional therapeutic targets to accelerate the regenerative process. One such target is the TAM family (Tyro3, Axl, Mertk) of receptor tyrosine kinases. These proteins have been shown to help resolve inflammation and maintain bone homeostasis and thus may have therapeutic benefits in bone regeneration following extraction. Treatment of mice with a pan-TAM inhibitor (RXDX-106) led to accelerated alveolar bone fill following first molar extraction in a mouse model without changing immune infiltrate. Treatment of human alveolar bone mesenchymal stem cells with RXDX-106 upregulated Wnt signaling and primed the cells for osteogenic differentiation. Differentiation of human alveolar bone mesenchymal stem cells with osteogenic media and TAM-targeted inhibitor RXDX-106 (pan-TAM), ASP-2215 (Axl specific), or MRX-2843 (Mertk specific) showed enhanced mineralization with pan-TAM or Mertk-specific inhibitors and no change with Axl-specific inhibitor. First molar extractions in Mertk-/- mice had increased alveolar bone regeneration in the extraction socket relative to wild type controls 7 d postextraction. Flow cytometry of 7-d extraction sockets showed no difference in immune cell numbers between Mertk-/- and wild type mice. RNAseq of day 7 extraction sockets showed increased innate immune-related pathways and genes associated with bone differentiation in Mertk-/- mice. Together, these results indicate that TAM receptor signaling, specifically through Mertk, can be targeted to enhance bone regeneration after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- A.M. Decker
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - M. Matsumoto
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - J.T. Decker
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - A. Roh
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - N. Inohara
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - J. Sugai
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - K. Martin
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - R. Taichman
- School of Dentistry, University of Alabama–Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - D. Kaigler
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - L.D. Shea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - G. Núñez
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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204
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Tanaka S, Yoshimura N, Asakawa R, Tobita S, Yaga M, Ueno K. A case of CD74-ROS1-positive lung adenocarcinoma diagnosed by next-generation sequencing achieved long-term survival with pemetrexed regimens. Thorac Cancer 2023; 14:2618-2621. [PMID: 37488715 PMCID: PMC10481135 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.15041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Previously, cytotoxic drugs were the only option for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the prognosis was poor. However, molecularly targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors represent a breakthrough in the treatment of advanced NSCLC and have improved survival rates. In addition, advances in next-generation sequencing (NGS) have revealed the landscape of genomic alterations in patients with different cancers, aiding in the development of new molecularly targeted drugs. The patient reported here was a 54-year-old woman with left lower lung adenocarcinoma. The lung cancer was staged as T2aN3M1a stageIVA 11 years ago. She had received seven regimens of chemotherapy for 11 years. Among these, pemetrexed (PEM) regimens particularly showed long-term effects totaling more than 5 years. We performed NGS after disease progression of the seventh treatment. NGS revealed CD74-ROS1 fusion and she was treated with entrectinib. She has been taking entrectinib for over 20 months now. Herein, we report a rare case of CD74-ROS1-positive lung adenocarcinoma diagnosed by NGS that achieved long-term survival with cytotoxic drugs, especially PEM regimens. In patients showing favorable clinical response to PEM regimens, physicians should consider testing for ROS1/ALK rearrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Tanaka
- Department of Respiratory MedicineOsaka General Medical CenterOsakaJapan
| | - Nobuaki Yoshimura
- Department of Respiratory MedicineOsaka General Medical CenterOsakaJapan
| | - Ryo Asakawa
- Department of Respiratory MedicineOsaka General Medical CenterOsakaJapan
| | - Satoshi Tobita
- Department of Respiratory MedicineOsaka General Medical CenterOsakaJapan
| | - Moto Yaga
- Department of Respiratory MedicineOsaka General Medical CenterOsakaJapan
| | - Kiyonobu Ueno
- Department of Respiratory MedicineOsaka General Medical CenterOsakaJapan
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205
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Giménez‐Capitán A, Sánchez‐Herrero E, Robado de Lope L, Aguilar‐Hernández A, Sullivan I, Calvo V, Moya‐Horno I, Viteri S, Cabrera C, Aguado C, Armiger N, Valarezo J, Mayo‐de‐las‐Casas C, Reguart N, Rosell R, Provencio M, Romero A, Molina‐Vila MA. Detecting ALK, ROS1, and RET fusions and the METΔex14 splicing variant in liquid biopsies of non-small-cell lung cancer patients using RNA-based techniques. Mol Oncol 2023; 17:1884-1897. [PMID: 37243883 PMCID: PMC10483610 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
ALK, ROS1, and RET fusions and MET∆ex14 variant associate with response to targeted therapies in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Technologies for fusion testing in tissue must be adapted to liquid biopsies, which are often the only material available. In this study, circulating-free RNA (cfRNA) and extracellular vesicle RNA (EV-RNA) were purified from liquid biopsies. Fusion and MET∆ex14 transcripts were analyzed by nCounter (Nanostring) and digital PCR (dPCR) using the QuantStudio® System (Applied Biosystems). We found that nCounter detected ALK, ROS1, RET, or MET∆ex14 aberrant transcripts in 28/40 cfRNA samples from positive patients and 0/16 of control individuals (70% sensitivity). Regarding dPCR, aberrant transcripts were detected in the cfRNA of 25/40 positive patients. Concordance between the two techniques was 58%. Inferior results were obtained when analyzing EV-RNA, where nCounter often failed due to a low amount of input RNA. Finally, results of dPCR testing in serial liquid biopsies of five patients correlated with response to targeted therapy. We conclude that nCounter can be used for multiplex detection of fusion and MET∆ex14 transcripts in liquid biopsies, showing a performance comparable with next-generation sequencing platforms. dPCR could be employed for disease follow-up in patients with a known alteration. cfRNA should be preferred over EV-RNA for these analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Giménez‐Capitán
- Pangaea Oncology, Laboratory of OncologyDexeus University HospitalBarcelonaSpain
| | - Estela Sánchez‐Herrero
- Atrys HealthBarcelonaSpain
- Liquid Biopsy LaboratoryBiomedical Sciences Research Institute Puerta de Hierro‐MajadahondaMadridSpain
| | - Lucía Robado de Lope
- Liquid Biopsy LaboratoryBiomedical Sciences Research Institute Puerta de Hierro‐MajadahondaMadridSpain
| | | | - Ivana Sullivan
- Dr Rosell Oncology InstituteQuirón Dexeus University HospitalBarcelonaSpain
- Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant PauBarcelonaSpain
| | - Virginia Calvo
- Medical Oncology DepartmentHospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro‐MajadahondaSpain
| | - Irene Moya‐Horno
- Hospital Universitario General de Cataluña Grupo QuirónSant Cugat del VallésSpain
| | | | | | - Cristina Aguado
- Pangaea Oncology, Laboratory of OncologyDexeus University HospitalBarcelonaSpain
| | - Noelia Armiger
- Pangaea Oncology, Laboratory of OncologyDexeus University HospitalBarcelonaSpain
| | - Joselyn Valarezo
- Pangaea Oncology, Laboratory of OncologyDexeus University HospitalBarcelonaSpain
| | | | | | - Rafael Rosell
- Dr Rosell Oncology InstituteQuirón Dexeus University HospitalBarcelonaSpain
- Hospital Germans Trias i PujolHealth Sciences Institute and Hospital (IGTP)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Mariano Provencio
- Medical Oncology DepartmentHospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro‐MajadahondaSpain
| | - Atocha Romero
- Liquid Biopsy LaboratoryBiomedical Sciences Research Institute Puerta de Hierro‐MajadahondaMadridSpain
- Medical Oncology DepartmentHospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro‐MajadahondaSpain
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206
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Fang H, Beird HC, Wang SA, Ibrahim AF, Tang Z, Tang G, You MJ, Hu S, Xu J, Li S, Yin CC, El Hussein S, Le N, Futreal PA, Bueso-Ramos C, Thakral B, Kadia TM, Thornton R, Little L, Gumbs C, Song X, Medeiros LJ, Wang W. T-prolymphocytic leukemia: TCL1 or MTCP1 rearrangement is not mandatory to establish diagnosis. Leukemia 2023; 37:1919-1921. [PMID: 37443196 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-023-01956-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Fang
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hannah C Beird
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sa A Wang
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Andrew F Ibrahim
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Zhenya Tang
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Guilin Tang
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - M James You
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shimin Hu
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shaoying Li
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - C Cameron Yin
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Siba El Hussein
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nhi Le
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - P Andrew Futreal
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Carlos Bueso-Ramos
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Beenu Thakral
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tapan M Kadia
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rebecca Thornton
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Latasha Little
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Curtis Gumbs
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xingzhi Song
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - L Jeffrey Medeiros
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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207
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Armstrong MJ, Jin Y, Vattathil SM, Huang Y, Schroeder JP, Bennet DA, Qin ZS, Wingo TS, Jin P. Role of TET1-mediated epigenetic modulation in Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 185:106257. [PMID: 37562656 PMCID: PMC10530206 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder influenced by a complex interplay of environmental, epigenetic, and genetic factors. DNA methylation (5mC) and hydroxymethylation (5hmC) are DNA modifications that serve as tissue-specific and temporal regulators of gene expression. TET family enzymes dynamically regulate these epigenetic modifications in response to environmental conditions, connecting environmental factors with gene expression. Previous epigenetic studies have identified 5mC and 5hmC changes associated with AD. In this study, we performed targeted resequencing of TET1 on a cohort of early-onset AD (EOAD) and control samples. Through gene-wise burden analysis, we observed significant enrichment of rare TET1 variants associated with AD (p = 0.04). We also profiled 5hmC in human postmortem brain tissues from AD and control groups. Our analysis identified differentially hydroxymethylated regions (DhMRs) in key genes responsible for regulating the methylome: TET3, DNMT3L, DNMT3A, and MECP2. To further investigate the role of Tet1 in AD pathogenesis, we used the 5xFAD mouse model with a Tet1 KO allele to examine how Tet1 loss influences AD pathogenesis. We observed significant changes in neuropathology, 5hmC, and RNA expression associated with Tet1 loss, while the behavioral alterations were not significant. The loss of Tet1 significantly increased amyloid plaque burden in the 5xFAD mouse (p = 0.044) and lead to a non-significant trend towards exacerbated AD-associated stress response in 5xFAD mice. At the molecular level, we found significant DhMRs enriched in genes involved in pathways responsible for neuronal projection organization, dendritic spine development and organization, and myelin assembly. RNA-Seq analysis revealed a significant increase in the expression of AD-associated genes such as Mpeg1, Ctsd, and Trem2. In conclusion, our results suggest that TET enzymes, particularly TET1, which regulate the methylome, may contribute to AD pathogenesis, as the loss of TET function increases AD-associated pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Armstrong
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Yulin Jin
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Selina M Vattathil
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Yanting Huang
- Department of Computer Science, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jason P Schroeder
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - David A Bennet
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Zhaohui S Qin
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Thomas S Wingo
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Peng Jin
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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208
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Vieira Pimentel RL, Braga JF, Velloso EPP, Lautner RQ, de Oliveira ML, Todiras M, Alenina N, Bader M, de Sousa FG, Beier SL, Santos R. G-protein-coupled receptor MAS deletion produces a preeclampsia-like phenotype in FVB/N mice. Clin Sci (Lond) 2023; 137:1249-1263. [PMID: 37527493 DOI: 10.1042/cs20220819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An unbalance in the renin-angiotensin (Ang) system (RAS) between the Ang II/AT1 and Ang-(1-7)/Mas axis appears to be involved in preeclampsia (PE), in which a reduction in Ang-(1-7) was observed. Here, we tested whether the reduction in the activity of the Ang-(1-7)/Mas axis could be a contributing factor for the development of PE, using Mas-deficient (Mas-/-) mice. METHODS AND RESULTS Cardiovascular parameters were evaluated by telemetry before, during pregnancy and 4 days postpartum in 20-week-old Mas-/- and wild-type (WT) female mice. Mas-/- mice presented reduced arterial blood pressure (BP) at baseline (91.3 ± 0.8 in Mas-/- vs. 94.0 ± 0.9 mmHg in WT, Diastolic, P<0.05). However, after the 13th day of gestation, BP in Mas-/- mice started to increase, time-dependently, and at day 19 of pregnancy, these animals presented a higher BP in comparison with WT group (90.5 ± 0.7 in Mas-/- vs. 80.3 ± 3.5 mmHg in WT, Diastolic D19, P<0.0001). Moreover, pregnant Mas-/- mice presented fetal growth restriction, increase in urinary protein excretion as compared with nonpregnant Mas-/-, oliguria, increase in cytokines, endothelial dysfunction and reduced ACE, AT1R, ACE2, ET-1A, and eNOS placental mRNA, similar to some of the clinical manifestations found in the development of PE. CONCLUSIONS These results show that Mas-deletion produces a PE-like state in FVB/N mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Lúcia Vieira Pimentel
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Janaína Félix Braga
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth Portugal Pimenta Velloso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Roberto Queiroga Lautner
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Marilene Luzia de Oliveira
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Mihail Todiras
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Natalia Alenina
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin-Buch, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Bader
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin-Buch, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Charité University Medicine Berlin, Germany
- Institute for Biology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Felipe Gaia de Sousa
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Suzane Lilian Beier
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Ras Santos
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Berker N, Yeğen G, Özlük Y, Doğan Ö. Value of GCET1, HGAL (GCET2), and LMO2 in the Determination of Germinal Center Phenotype in Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma. Turk J Haematol 2023; 40:162-173. [PMID: 37519110 PMCID: PMC10476251 DOI: 10.4274/tjh.galenos.2023.2023.0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a biologically heterogeneous disease that is classified into germinal center B-cell (GCB) and non-GCB subtypes, which are prognostically different. The Hans algorithm is the most widely used tool based on CD10, BCL6, and MUM1 expression, but some cases with the non-GCB phenotype are still known to be misclassified. In this study, we investigate the extent to which GCET1, HGAL, and LMO2 protein expressions reflect GCB phenotype together with their roles in determining the GCB phenotype of DLBCL and their contributions to the performance of the Hans algorithm. Materials and Methods Sixty-five cases of DLBCL-not otherwise specified, 40 cases of follicular lymphoma (FL), and 19 non-GC-derived lymphoma cases were included in this study. The DLBCL cases were grouped as CD10+ (Group A) or only MUM1+ (Group B), and the remaining cases constituted the intermediate group (Group C). GCET1, HGAL, and LMO2 expressions were evaluated. Results In the FL group, GCET1, HGAL, and LMO2 were positive in 85%, 77.5%, and 100% of the cases, respectively. Among the non-GC-derived lymphoma cases, all three markers were negative in cases of small lymphocytic lymphoma, plasmablastic lymphoma, peripheral T-cell lymphoma, and anaplastic large cell lymphoma. GCET1 and HGAL were negative in cases of marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Two of the 3 MZL and 2 of the 4 MCL cases were positive for LMO2. In the DLBCL group, the number of cases with GCET1, HGAL, and LMO2 positivity was 18 (90%), 17 (85%), and 20 (100%), respectively, in Group A and 0 (0%), 2 (13.3%), and 2 (13.3%), respectively, in Group B. Considering these rates, when the cases in the intermediate group were evaluated, it was concluded that 13 cases typed as non-GCB according to the Hans algorithm may have the GCB phenotype. Conclusion GCET1, HGAL, and LMO2 are highly sensitive markers for determining the germinal center cell phenotype and can increase the accuracy of the subclassification of DLBCL cases, especially for cases that are negative for CD10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neslihan Berker
- İstanbul University İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Gülçin Yeğen
- İstanbul University İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Yasemin Özlük
- İstanbul University İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Öner Doğan
- İstanbul University İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, İstanbul, Türkiye
- Koç University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, İstanbul, Türkiye
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210
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Yu Q, Fu W, Fu Y, Ye W, Yan H, Yu Z, Li R, Cai Y, Chen Y, Wang L, Wei X, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Ying H, Tang F, Dai F, Han W. BNIP3 as a potential biomarker for the identification of prognosis and diagnosis in solid tumours. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:143. [PMID: 37649051 PMCID: PMC10466744 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01808-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional radiotherapy and chemotherapy have been intensively studied for their role in the treatment of tumours. However, these therapies often cause side effects for patients, which calls for the development of novel treatment options for tumours. B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2)/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa-interacting protein 3 (BNIP3) reportedly apoptosis-inducing effects in tumour cells and is associated with the progression and treatment of multiple tumours. Nevertheless, little is known about its potential role in tumour diagnosis and targeted therapy. FINDINGS The results of the study demonstrated that the interaction of BNIP3 with HDAC1 may affect the progression of breast invasive cancer (BRCA), sarcoma (SARC), kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC), and low-grade glioma (LGG). BNIP3 seemed to exert its effects in BRCA and SARC primarily through gene silencing and integrator complex, and in KIRC and LGG, mainly by affecting olfactory function, suggesting that targeted therapy can be developed based on the above signalling pathway and downstream molecules. INTERPRETATION BNIP3 has emerged as a promising therapeutic and diagnostic target for BRCA, SARC, KIRC, and LGG, providing new insights into tumour molecular therapies in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Yu
- School of Information Engineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenhao Fu
- School of Medical Imaging, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yutang Fu
- School of Medical Imaging, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenjing Ye
- School of Medical Imaging, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huiqiong Yan
- Center of Laboratory Animal, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals and Safety Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zecheng Yu
- School of Medical Imaging, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruirui Li
- School of Medical Imaging, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yili Cai
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuxin Chen
- School of Medical Imaging, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingyun Wang
- School of Medical Laboratory and Biological Engineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xianqiao Wei
- School of Medical Imaging, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yangkun Chen
- School of Medical Imaging, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuheng Zhang
- School of Medical Imaging, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huazhong Ying
- Center of Laboratory Animal, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals and Safety Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang, China
- Engineering Research Center of Novel Vaccine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang, China
| | - Furong Tang
- The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Fangwei Dai
- Center of Laboratory Animal, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang, China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals and Safety Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Novel Vaccine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Wei Han
- Center of Laboratory Animal, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang, China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals and Safety Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Novel Vaccine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang, China.
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211
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Zhang JF, Liu T. [Tyro3 and CDK9 as biomarkers for drug resistance to breast cancer anti-PD-1 therapies]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2023; 45:651-656. [PMID: 37580269 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20210223-00161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective: PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint treatment is effective for some triple-negative breast cancer populations with PD-L1 expression, but the response rate is still not satisfactory. This study aims to explore the mechanism of drug resistance to breast cancer anti-PD-1 therapies and the strategies for overcoming the resistance to PD-1therapies. Methods: By constructing a human triple-negative breast cancer drug-resistant cell line called BT-549R5 and a mouse breast cancer drug-resistant cell line called 4T1R3, and applying the whole-gene shRNA library screening, candidate drug resistance-associated molecules were obtained and verified by cytological experiments. The expression of Tyro3, Axl and MerTK of the TAM family in the 4T1R3 group was tested using the Western blot method. The down-regulation of CDK9 on the effect of T cells killing the BT-549R5 cells was observed through T cell killing tests, while the down-regulation of Tyro3 and CDK9 on the effect of anti-PD-1 therapies for transplanted breast tumors was observed in mouse tumor formation experiments. Results: The cell lines and animal models of breast cancer resistant to PD-1 treatment were successfully constructed. Tyro3, Axl and MerTK were highly expressed in 4T1R3 cells. Whole genome sequencing showed that Tyro3 and CDK9 were highly expressed in BT-549R5 cells. T cell killing experiment showed that the survival rate of BT-549R5 cells in the CDK9 down-regulated group and the control group decreased gradually with the increase of T cells, but the survival rate of BT-549R5 cells in the CDK9 down-regulated group decreased rapidly. Tumor formation experiment in mice showed that under anti-PD-1 treatment, the transplanted tumor in the 4T1R3 cell group grew rapidly compared with the 4T1 cell group (P<0.05), and the tumor volume of the 4T1R3 group was larger than that of the 4T1 group on Day 20. Nevertheless, the tumor growth rates in the CDK9-knockdown 4T1R3 cell group and the Tyro3-knockdown 4T1R3 cell group were similar to that of the 4T1 cell group, and the tumor volumes at day 20 were signiference lower than that of 4T1R3 cell group(P<0.05). Conclusions: Tyro3 and CDK9 are associated with the drug resistance to anti-PD-1 therapies for breast cancer. Inhibiting the expression of Tyro3 and CDK9 can reverse the drug resistance to breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150086, China
| | - T Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150086, China
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212
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Alswailem M, Alghamdi B, Alotaibi A, Aljomiah A, Al-Hindi H, Murugan AK, Abouelhoda M, Shi Y, Alzahrani AS. Molecular Genetics of Diffuse Sclerosing Papillary Thyroid Cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:e704-e711. [PMID: 36995892 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Diffuse sclerosing papillary thyroid cancer (DSPTC) is rare, with limited data on its molecular genetics. OBJECTIVE We studied the molecular genetics of a cohort of DSPTC. METHODS DNA was isolated from paraffin blocks of 22 patients with DSPTC (15 females, 7 males, median age 18 years, range 8-81). We performed polymerase chain reaction-based Sanger sequencing and a next-generation sequencing (NGS) gene panel to characterize the genomic landscape of these tumors. We classified genetic alterations to definitely or probably pathogenic. Definitely pathogenic are genetic alterations that are well known to be associated with PTC (e.g., BRAFV600E). Probably pathogenic are other alterations in genes that were reported in The Cancer Genome Atlas or the poorly differentiated and anaplastic thyroid cancer datasets. RESULTS Three tumors were tested only by Sanger sequencing and were negative for BRAFV600E, HRAS, KRAS, NRAS, TERT promoter, PTEN, and PIK3CA mutations. The other 19 tumors tested by NGS showed definitely pathogenic alterations in 10 patients (52.6%): 2/19 (10.5%) BRAFV600E, 5/19 (26.3%) CCDC6-RET (RET/PTC1), 1/19 (5.3%) NCOA4-RET (RET/PTC3), 1/19 (5.3%) STRN-ALK fusion, and 2/19 (10.6%) TP53 mutations. Probably pathogenic alterations occurred in 13/19 tumors (68.4%) and included variants in POLE (31.6%), CDKN2A (26%), NF1 (21%), BRCA2 (15.8%), SETD2 (5.3%), ATM (5.3%), FLT3 (5.3%), and ROS1 (5.3%). In 1 patient, the gene panel showed no alterations. No mutations were found in the RAS, PTEN, PIK3CA, or TERT promoter in all patients. There was no clear genotype/phenotype correlation. CONCLUSION In DSPTC, fusion genes are common, BRAFV600E is rare, and other usual point mutations are absent. Pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants in POLE, NF1, CDKN2A, BRCA2, TP53, SETD2, ATM, FLT3, and ROS1 occur in about two-thirds of DTPTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meshael Alswailem
- Department of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Balgees Alghamdi
- Department of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anwar Alotaibi
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Scientific Computing, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer Aljomiah
- Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hindi Al-Hindi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Avaniyapuram Kannan Murugan
- Department of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Abouelhoda
- Center for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yufei Shi
- Department of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali S Alzahrani
- Department of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
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213
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Bandini E, Zampiga V, Cangini I, Ravegnani M, Arcangeli V, Rossi T, Mammi I, Schiavi F, Zovato S, Falcini F, Calistri D, Danesi R. A Novel FLCN Variant in a Suspected Birt-Hogg-Dubè Syndrome Patient. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12418. [PMID: 37569793 PMCID: PMC10419138 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Subjects with pathogenic (PV) and likely pathogenic (LPV) FLCN variants have an increased risk of manifesting benign and malignant disorders that are related to Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome (BHDS): an autosomal dominantly inherited disorder whose severity can vary significantly. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) development in BHD (Birt-Hogg-Dubé) patients has a very high incidence; thus, identifying this rare syndrome at early stages and preventing metastatic spread is crucial. Over the last decade, the advancement of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) and the implementation of multigene panels for hereditary cancer syndromes (HCS) have led to a subsequent focus on additional genes and variants, including those of uncertain significance (VUS). Here, we describe a novel FLCN variant observed in a subject manifesting disorders that were suspected to be related to BHDS and with a family history of multiple cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Bandini
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (V.Z.); (I.C.); (T.R.); (D.C.)
| | - Valentina Zampiga
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (V.Z.); (I.C.); (T.R.); (D.C.)
| | - Ilaria Cangini
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (V.Z.); (I.C.); (T.R.); (D.C.)
| | - Mila Ravegnani
- Romagna Cancer Registry, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (M.R.); (V.A.); (F.F.); (R.D.)
| | - Valentina Arcangeli
- Romagna Cancer Registry, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (M.R.); (V.A.); (F.F.); (R.D.)
| | - Tania Rossi
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (V.Z.); (I.C.); (T.R.); (D.C.)
| | - Isabella Mammi
- Familial Cancer Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV IRCSS, 35128 Padova, Italy; (I.M.); (F.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Francesca Schiavi
- Familial Cancer Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV IRCSS, 35128 Padova, Italy; (I.M.); (F.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Stefania Zovato
- Familial Cancer Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV IRCSS, 35128 Padova, Italy; (I.M.); (F.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Fabio Falcini
- Romagna Cancer Registry, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (M.R.); (V.A.); (F.F.); (R.D.)
| | - Daniele Calistri
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (V.Z.); (I.C.); (T.R.); (D.C.)
| | - Rita Danesi
- Romagna Cancer Registry, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (M.R.); (V.A.); (F.F.); (R.D.)
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Drilon A, Sharma MR, Johnson ML, Yap TA, Gadgeel S, Nepert D, Feng G, Reddy MB, Harney AS, Elsayed M, Cook AW, Wong CE, Hinklin RJ, Jiang Y, Brown EN, Neitzel NA, Laird ER, Wu WI, Singh A, Wei P, Ching KA, Gaudino JJ, Lee PA, Hartley DP, Rothenberg SM. SHP2 Inhibition Sensitizes Diverse Oncogene-Addicted Solid Tumors to Re-treatment with Targeted Therapy. Cancer Discov 2023; 13:1789-1801. [PMID: 37269335 PMCID: PMC10401072 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-23-0361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Rationally targeted therapies have transformed cancer treatment, but many patients develop resistance through bypass signaling pathway activation. PF-07284892 (ARRY-558) is an allosteric SHP2 inhibitor designed to overcome bypass-signaling-mediated resistance when combined with inhibitors of various oncogenic drivers. Activity in this setting was confirmed in diverse tumor models. Patients with ALK fusion-positive lung cancer, BRAFV600E-mutant colorectal cancer, KRASG12D-mutant ovarian cancer, and ROS1 fusion-positive pancreatic cancer who previously developed targeted therapy resistance were treated with PF-07284892 on the first dose level of a first-in-human clinical trial. After progression on PF-07284892 monotherapy, a novel study design allowed the addition of oncogene-directed targeted therapy that had previously failed. Combination therapy led to rapid tumor and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) responses and extended the duration of overall clinical benefit. SIGNIFICANCE PF-07284892-targeted therapy combinations overcame bypass-signaling-mediated resistance in a clinical setting in which neither component was active on its own. This provides proof of concept of the utility of SHP2 inhibitors in overcoming resistance to diverse targeted therapies and provides a paradigm for accelerated testing of novel drug combinations early in clinical development. See related commentary by Hernando-Calvo and Garralda, p. 1762. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1749.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Drilon
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | | | | | - Timothy A. Yap
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Shirish Gadgeel
- Henry Ford Cancer Center/Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Dale Nepert
- Pfizer Boulder Research Unit, Boulder, Colorado
| | - Gang Feng
- Early Clinical Development, Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Wen-I Wu
- Pfizer Boulder Research Unit, Boulder, Colorado
| | | | - Ping Wei
- Pfizer Oncology Research and Development, La Jolla, California
| | - Keith A. Ching
- Pfizer Oncology Research and Development, La Jolla, California
| | | | | | | | - S. Michael Rothenberg
- Pfizer Boulder Research Unit, Boulder, Colorado
- Pfizer Oncology Research and Development, La Jolla, California
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Bakkar M, Altinok D, Kupsky WJ, Marupudi NI, Chiang J, Gorsi HS. Central Nervous System Tumor With BCL6 Corepressor Internal Tandem Duplication: Treatment Course of a Long-term Survivor. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2023; 45:352-355. [PMID: 37314948 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000002695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) tumor with BCL6 corepressor (BCOR) internal tandem duplication (ITD) is a newly described CNS tumor, characterized by in-frame ITDs of the BCOR gene. There is no standard practice regarding the management of this tumor. We report the clinical course of a 6-year-old boy who presented to the hospital with worsening headaches. Computed tomography scan showed a large right-sided parietal supratentorial mass and brain magnetic resonance imaging confirmed a 6×8×6.7 cm lobulated, solid but heterogeneous mass in the right parieto-occipital region. While initial pathology suggested a WHO grade 3 anaplastic meningioma, additional investigation with molecular analysis confirmed the diagnosis of high-grade neuroepithelial tumor with BCOR exon 15 ITD. This diagnosis was renamed CNS tumor with BCOR ITD in the 2021 WHO CNS tumor classification. The patient received 54 Gy of focal radiation and has no evidence of disease recurrence after 48 months from the end of treatment. As this is a newly discovered entity with only a few previous reports in the scientific literature, this report presents a unique treatment for this CNS tumor compared with those previously described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Bakkar
- Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI
| | - Deniz Altinok
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| | - William J Kupsky
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| | - Neena I Marupudi
- Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| | - Jason Chiang
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Hamza S Gorsi
- Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University School of Medicine, Mount Pleasant, MI
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Sun T, Xu Y, Xiang Y, Ou J, Soderblom EJ, Diao Y. Crosstalk between RNA m 6A and DNA methylation regulates transposable element chromatin activation and cell fate in human pluripotent stem cells. Nat Genet 2023; 55:1324-1335. [PMID: 37474847 PMCID: PMC10766344 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-023-01452-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Transposable elements (TEs) are parasitic DNA sequences accounting for over half of the human genome. Tight control of the repression and activation states of TEs is critical for genome integrity, development, immunity and diseases, including cancer. However, precisely how this regulation is achieved remains unclear. Here we develop a targeted proteomic proximity labeling approach to capture TE-associated proteins in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). We find that the RNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) reader, YTHDC2, occupies genomic loci of the primate-specific TE, LTR7/HERV-H, specifically through its interaction with m6A-modified HERV-H RNAs. Unexpectedly, YTHDC2 recruits the DNA 5-methylcytosine (5mC)-demethylase, TET1, to remove 5mC from LTR7/HERV-H and prevent epigenetic silencing. Functionally, the YTHDC2/LTR7 axis inhibits neural differentiation of hESCs. Our results reveal both an underappreciated crosstalk between RNA m6A and DNA 5mC, the most abundant regulatory modifications of RNA and DNA in eukaryotes, and the fact that in hESCs this interplay controls TE activity and cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongyu Sun
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Yueyuan Xu
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Regeneration Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Center for Advanced Genomic Technologies, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Yu Xiang
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Regeneration Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jianhong Ou
- Duke Regeneration Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Erik J Soderblom
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Shared Resource, Duke Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Yarui Diao
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
- Duke Regeneration Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
- Center for Advanced Genomic Technologies, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
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Bhattacharya C, Dey AS, Mukherji M. Substrate DNA length regulates the activity of TET 5-methylcytosine dioxygenases. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:704-712. [PMID: 37349892 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
The ten-eleven translocation (TET) isoforms (TET1-3) play critical roles in epigenetic transcription regulation. In addition, mutations in the TET2 gene are frequently detected in patients with glioma and myeloid malignancies. TET isoforms can oxidize 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, 5-formylcytosine, and 5-carboxylcytosine, by iterative oxidation. The in vivo DNA demethylation activity of TET isoforms may depend on many factors including enzyme's structural features, its interaction with DNA-binding proteins, chromatin context, DNA sequence, DNA length, and configuration. The rationale for this study is to identify the preferred DNA length and configuration in the substrates of TET isoforms. We have used a highly sensitive LC-MS/MS-based method to compare the substrate preference of TET isoforms. To this end, four DNA substrate sets (S1, S2, S3, S4) of different sequences were chosen. In addition, in each set, four different lengths of DNA substrates comprising 7-, 13-, 19-, and 25-mer nucleotides were synthesized. Each DNA substrate was further used in three different configurations, that is, double stranded symmetrically-methylated, double stranded hemi-methylated, and single stranded single-methylated to evaluate their effect on TET-mediated 5mC oxidation. We demonstrate that mouse TET1 (mTET1) and human TET2 (hTET2) have highest preference for 13-mer dsDNA substrates. Increasing or decreasing the length of dsDNA substrate reduces product formation. In contrast to their dsDNA counterparts, the length of ssDNA substrates did not have a predictable effect on 5mC oxidation. Finally, we show that substrate specificity of TET isoforms correlates with their DNA binding efficiency. Our results demonstrate that mTET1 and hTET2 prefer 13-mer dsDNA as a substrate over ssDNA. These results may help elucidate novel properties of TET-mediated 5mC oxidation and help develop novel diagnostic tools to detect TET2 function in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chayan Bhattacharya
- Division of Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Aninda Sundar Dey
- Division of Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Mridul Mukherji
- Division of Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
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218
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Zhang S, Chen R. LINC00891 Attenuates the Proliferation and Metastasis of Osteosarcoma Cells via miR-27a-3p/TET1 Axis. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2023; 27:248-257. [PMID: 37643326 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2023.0163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: There is currently no adequate treatment for osteosarcoma, a bone malignancy that poses a serious threat to adolescents and children. The dysregulation of long noncoding RNAs is associated with many cancers, including osteosarcoma. LINC00891 expression is aberrant in endometrial cancer, lung cancer, and thyroid cancer, and likely regulate the malignant behavior of cancer. However, the potential function and mechanisms of LINC00891 in osteosarcoma progression remain unclear. Materials and Methods: LINC00891, miR-27a-3p, and TET1 mRNA expression in osteosarcoma cells were analyzed using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. CCK-8 and Transwell experiments were performed on osteosarcoma cells to investigate proliferation, migration, and invasion, respectively. Ten-eleven translocation 1 (TET1) protein was analyzed using western blotting. Luciferase experiment was performed to investigate the interactions between LINC00891 with miR-27a-3p, and miR-27a-3p with TET1. Results: LINC00891 expression was dramatically decreased in the five osteosarcoma cell lines examined, particularly in 143B and SaoS-2 cells. LINC00891 overexpression due to plasmid transfection sharply blocked the proliferation, migration, and invasion of osteosarcoma cells. Dual-luciferase reporter experiments found that LINC00891 sponges miR-27a-3p, and LINC00891 overexpression sharply decreases miR-27a-3p expression. Transfection with miR-27a-3p mimic accelerated the malignant behaviors in LINC00891 overexpressed-osteosarcoma cells. Moreover, TET1 was a novel targeted-gene of miR-27a-3p. TET1 protein was significantly impeded, whereas LINC00891 overexpression elevated TET1 mRNA and protein in osteosarcoma cells. MiR-27a-3p overexpression inhibited TET1 mRNA and protein in osteosarcoma cells. Conclusions: Our study verified that LINC00891 attenuates the proliferation and metastasis of osteosarcoma cells via the miR-27a-3p/TET1 axis. This study clarifies a new mechanism and therapeutic target for the development of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shufang Zhang
- The Spinal Surgery Department, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou City, China
| | - Rongchun Chen
- The Spinal Surgery Department, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou City, China
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219
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Wang L, Jiang C, Hu D. PARP10 is highly expressed and associated with inferior outcomes in acute myeloid leukemia. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:6757-6773. [PMID: 37506247 PMCID: PMC10415541 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia is a heterogeneous disease of the hematopoietic system, which possesses a poor prognosis; thus, the identification of novel molecular markers is urgently needed to better define the risk stratification and optimize treatment therapies for this disease. Here, we investigated the roles of the PARP family genes in AML by analyzing their mRNA expression profiles and their association with clinical features using data from TCGA and GSE. Our results showed that PARP10 was significantly more highly expressed in AML samples than in normal controls, and high expression of PARP10 was associated with older age (≥60 years, P = 0.012), more frequent TP53 mutations (P = 0.024), high-risk stratification (P < 0.05), and poorer outcomes (P < 0.05). Patients with high expression of PARP10 exhibited significantly poorer overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) than those with low PARP10 expressions (OS: median: 0.88 vs. 2.19 years; P = 0.001; EFS: median: 0.65 vs. 1.12 years; P = 0.041). Multivariate analysis indicated that high expression of PARP10 was an independent risk factor for poorer OS and EFS in AML patients. Moreover, we found that allo-SCT improved OS for AML patients with high PARP10 expression but not for patients with low PARP10 expression, while allo-SCT decreased EFS for patients with low PARP10 expression. Finally, we confirmed that PARP10 knockout impaired AML cell proliferation in vitro. In summary, our data suggested that PARP10 is aberrantly expressed in AML, and high expression of PARP10 might be a biomarker for poor prognosis and also a potential indicator for allo-SCT therapy, which might provide precise treatment indications for physicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- Department of Child Healthcare, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Child Neurodevelopment, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuang Jiang
- Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dandan Hu
- Department of Child Healthcare, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Child Neurodevelopment, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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220
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Zhang H, Li X, Zhang Z, Huang S, Guo Q, Yan N. Activity of ceritinib in crizotinib-resistant ROS1-rearranged non-small-cell lung cancer patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e33543. [PMID: 37478263 PMCID: PMC10662874 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000033543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
As a second-generation selective oral anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitor, ceritinib is an effective first-line treatment for c-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1)-rearranged non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Its efficacy and safety for the treatment of crizotinib-resistant ROS1-rearranged NSCLC were explored in the study. A retrospective single-center study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of ceritinib in crizotinib-resistant ROS1-rearranged NSCLC. The objective response rate was the primary objective, while the disease control rate, progression-free survival and adverse events were secondary objectives. From December 2015 to October 2021, a total of 246 patients with ROS1-rearranged NSCLC were screened, 12 (4.9%) of whom were treated with ceritinib after the development of crizotinib resistance. Among the 12 crizotinib-resistant patients included, 3 displayed the efficacy of partial response and 3 had the efficacy of stable condition. The objective response rate, disease control rate and median progression-free survival of all patients were 25% (95% confidence interval [CI]: -3.7% to 53.7%; 3 of 12 patients), 50% (95% CI: 16.8% to 83.2%; 6 of 12 patients), and 10.5 months (95% CI, 5.7 to 15.3 months), respectively. In addition, of the 6 patients with brain metastases, an intracranial disease control rate of 66.7% (95% CI:12.5% to 120.9%) was obtained. The research results reveal that ceritinib can be a treatment option for ROS1-rearranged NSCLC patients after the development of crizotinib resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixian Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province 450052, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xingya Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province 450052, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ziheng Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province 450052, People’s Republic of China
| | - Siyuan Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province 450052, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Guo
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province 450052, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ningning Yan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province 450052, People’s Republic of China
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221
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-Xi Wang M, -He Yu S, Xiao M, Chen J. [JMJD3 Exerts Oncorepressor Activity in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia by Promoting PU.1 Expression]. Mol Biol (Mosk) 2023; 57:665-667. [PMID: 37528785 DOI: 10.31857/s0026898423040213, edn: qmaeuq] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) has been the most famous differentiation induction therapy during which the expression of PU.1, a key transcription factor (TF) for myeloid lineage determination in normal hematopoiesis is restored. In our previous studies, we found a stress-inducible H3K27 demethylase, JMJD3, to directly upregulate PU.1 expression to promote myeloid commitment during normal myelopoiesis. In addition, JMJD3 acts as an oncorepressor and plays a critical regulatory role in the initiation and progression of malignant hematopoiesis. In this study, we further resolved the relationship between JMJD3 and PU.1 in APL therein JMJD3 exerts oncorepressor activity via promoting PU.1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- M -Xi Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025 China
- Department of Hematology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221009 China
| | - S -He Yu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - M Xiao
- Shanghai Ji Ai Genetics and IVF Institute, the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011 China
| | - J Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025 China
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222
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Gilani A, Siddiq Z, Kissell E, Kasson J, Kleinschmidt-DeMasters BK. Genomic and epigenomic re-categorization of congenital glioblastoma and desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma. Childs Nerv Syst 2023; 39:1861-1868. [PMID: 36707425 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-023-05848-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The recently updated World Health Organization classification of central nervous system (CNS) tumors, 5th edition, (CNS5) reclassifies pediatric tumors according to their distinct molecular drivers, recognizing a new entity-infant-type hemispheric glioma (IHG). Defined by its unique epigenetic signature, and/or genomic fusions in ALK, ROS1, NTRK, or MET gene, IHG subsumes many cases previously classified as congenital glioblastoma (cGBM). Histologic features of IHG are still poorly defined with known overlap with a clinic radiologically similar entity-desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma/astrocytoma (DIG). METHODS We revisited our cohort of cGBMs and DIGs, now reclassifying them according to CNS5 and compared the clinical, radiologic, molecular and histologic features between the two. RESULTS 3/6 cases of cGBM that underwent targeted NGS fusion mutation panel were positive for ALK fusions (involving MAP4, MZT2Bex2, and EML4 genes as fusion partners), and 1/6 showed GOPC:ROS1 fusion. Interestingly, GOPC:ROS1 fusion was also shared by 1/5 cases of histologically defined DIG. DNA methylation profiling using the Heidelberg classifier (v12.3) recategorized 2/5 DIG cases as IHG (including the case with ROS1 alteration). CONCLUSION In conclusion, histology alone is insufficient to distinguish IHG from DIG, necessitating epigenomic and genomic testing for the diagnosis of early-life gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Gilani
- Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - Zainab Siddiq
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | | | - B K Kleinschmidt-DeMasters
- Departments of Pathology, Neurology and Neurosurgery University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 13123 East 16th Ave, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
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223
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Lu S, Pan H, Wu L, Yao Y, He J, Wang Y, Wang X, Fang Y, Zhou Z, Wang X, Cai X, Yu Y, Ma Z, Min X, Yang Z, Cao L, Yang H, Shu Y, Zhuang W, Cang S, Fang J, Li K, Yu Z, Cui J, Zhang Y, Li M, Wen X, Zhang J, Li W, Shi J, Xu X, Zhong D, Wang T, Zhu J. Efficacy, safety and pharmacokinetics of Unecritinib (TQ-B3101) for patients with ROS1 positive advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a Phase I/II Trial. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:249. [PMID: 37385995 PMCID: PMC10310851 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01454-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This phase I/II trial characterized the tolerability, safety, and antitumor activities of unecritinib, a novel derivative of crizotinib and a multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting ROS1, ALK, and c-MET, in advanced tumors and ROS1 inhibitor-naive advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring ROS1 rearrangements. Eligible patients received unecritinib 100, 200, and 300 mg QD, and 200, 250, 300, and 350 mg BID in a 3 + 3 design during dose escalation and 300 and 350 mg BID during expansion. Phase II trial patients received unecritinib 300 mg BID in continuous 28-day cycles until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate (ORR) per independent review committee (IRC). Key secondary endpoints included intracranial ORR and safety. The ORR of 36 efficacy evaluable patients in the phase I trial was 63.9% (95% CI 46.2%, 79.2%). In the phase II trial, 111 eligible patients in the main study cohort received unecritinib. The ORR per IRC was 80.2% (95% CI 71.5%, 87.1%) and the median progression-free survival (PFS) per IRC was 16.5 months (95% CI 10.2, 27.0). Additionally, 46.9% of the patients who received recommended phase II dose of 300 mg BID experienced grade 3 or higher treatment-related adverse events. Treatment-related ocular disorders and neurotoxicity occurred in 28.1% and 34.4% of patients, respectively, but none was grade 3 or higher. Unecritinib is efficacious and safe for ROS1 inhibitor-naive patients with ROS1-positive advanced NSCLC, particularly patients with brain metastases at baseline, strongly supporting that unecritinib should become one of the standards of care for ROS1-positive NSCLC.ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03019276 and NCT03972189.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Lu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200030, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hongming Pan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, 310016, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Lin Wu
- Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (Hunan Cancer Hospital), 410031, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Yao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xian, China
| | - Jianxing He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 510120, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuwen Wang
- Department of Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, China
| | - Yong Fang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, 310016, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200030, Shanghai, China
| | - Xicheng Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital/School of Clinical Medicine of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 510699, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiuyu Cai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 510060, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Yu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150081, Harbin, China
| | - Zhiyong Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Henan Tumor Hospital, 450003, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xuhong Min
- Department of Oncology Radiotherapy, Anhui Chest Hospital, 230022, Hefei, China
| | - Zhixiong Yang
- Department of Cancer Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 524000, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Lejie Cao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of the University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Hospital, 230031, Hefei, China
| | - Huaping Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, 410008, Changsha, China
| | - Yongqian Shu
- Department of Cancer Center, Jiangsu Province Hospital, 210029, Nanjing, China
| | - Wu Zhuang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital and Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, 350014, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shundong Cang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Henan Province People's Hospital, 450003, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jian Fang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital, 100142, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Pulmonary Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, 300060, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhuang Yu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 266000, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiuwei Cui
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 130061, Changchun, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 116023, Dalian, China
| | - Man Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 116023, Dalian, China
| | - Xinxuan Wen
- Department of Oncology, Xiangyang No. 1 People's Hospital, 441011, Xiangyang, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 130041, Changchun, China
| | - Weidong Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangdong Medical University, 510095, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Shi
- Department of Oncology, Linyi Cancer Hospital, 276002, Linyi, China
| | - Xingxiang Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, 225001, Yangzhou, China
| | - Diansheng Zhong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 300052, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Biostatistics Department of Clinical Center of Research Institute, Chia Tai Tianqing Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., 222000, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiajia Zhu
- Biostatistics Department of Clinical Center of Research Institute, Chia Tai Tianqing Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., 222000, Nanjing, China
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van der Veer BK, Chen L, Custers C, Athanasouli P, Schroiff M, Cornelis R, Chui JSH, Finnell R, Lluis F, Koh K. Dual functions of TET1 in germ layer lineage bifurcation distinguished by genomic context and dependence on 5-methylcytosine oxidation. Nucleic Acids Res 2023; 51:5469-5498. [PMID: 37021585 PMCID: PMC10287924 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrulation begins when the epiblast forms the primitive streak or becomes definitive ectoderm. During this lineage bifurcation, the DNA dioxygenase TET1 has bipartite functions in transcriptional activation and repression, but the mechanisms remain unclear. By converting mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) into neuroprogenitors, we defined how Tet1-/- cells switch from neuroectoderm fate to form mesoderm and endoderm. We identified the Wnt repressor Tcf7l1 as a TET1 target that suppresses Wnt/β-catenin and Nodal signalling. ESCs expressing catalytic dead TET1 retain neural potential but activate Nodal and subsequently Wnt/β-catenin pathways to generate also mesoderm and endoderm. At CpG-poor distal enhancers, TET1 maintains accessible chromatin at neuroectodermal loci independently of DNA demethylation. At CpG-rich promoters, DNA demethylation by TET1 affects the expression of bivalent genes. In ESCs, a non-catalytic TET1 cooperation with Polycomb represses primitive streak genes; post-lineage priming, the interaction becomes antagonistic at neuronal genes, when TET1's catalytic activity is further involved by repressing Wnt signalling. The convergence of repressive DNA and histone methylation does not inhibit neural induction in Tet1-deficient cells, but some DNA hypermethylated loci persist at genes with brain-specific functions. Our results reveal versatile switching of non-catalytic and catalytic TET1 activities based on genomic context, lineage and developmental stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard K van der Veer
- KU Leuven, Department of Development and Regeneration, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Developmental Epigenetics, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lehua Chen
- KU Leuven, Department of Development and Regeneration, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Developmental Epigenetics, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Colin Custers
- KU Leuven, Department of Development and Regeneration, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Developmental Epigenetics, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Paraskevi Athanasouli
- KU Leuven, Department of Development and Regeneration, Laboratory of Stem Cell Signaling, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mariana Schroiff
- KU Leuven, Department of Development and Regeneration, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Developmental Epigenetics, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Riet Cornelis
- KU Leuven, Department of Development and Regeneration, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Developmental Epigenetics, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jonathan Sai-Hong Chui
- KU Leuven, Department of Development and Regeneration, Laboratory of Stem Cell Signaling, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Richard H Finnell
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Center for Precision Environmental Health, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Department of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Frederic Lluis
- KU Leuven, Department of Development and Regeneration, Laboratory of Stem Cell Signaling, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kian Peng Koh
- KU Leuven, Department of Development and Regeneration, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Developmental Epigenetics, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Center for Precision Environmental Health, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Yeo XH, Sundararajan V, Wu Z, Phua ZJC, Ho YY, Peh KLE, Chiu YC, Tan TZ, Kappei D, Ho YS, Tan DSP, Tam WL, Huang RYJ. The effect of inhibition of receptor tyrosine kinase AXL on DNA damage response in ovarian cancer. Commun Biol 2023; 6:660. [PMID: 37349576 PMCID: PMC10287694 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05045-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
AXL is a receptor tyrosine kinase that is often overexpressed in cancers. It contributes to pathophysiology in cancer progression and therapeutic resistance, making it an emerging therapeutic target. The first-in-class AXL inhibitor bemcentinib (R428/BGB324) has been granted fast track designation by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in STK11-mutated advanced metastatic non-small cell lung cancer and was also reported to show selective sensitivity towards ovarian cancers (OC) with a Mesenchymal molecular subtype. In this study, we further explored AXL's role in mediating DNA damage responses by using OC as a disease model. AXL inhibition using R428 resulted in the increase of DNA damage with the concurrent upregulation of DNA damage response signalling molecules. Furthermore, AXL inhibition rendered cells more sensitive to the inhibition of ATR, a crucial mediator for replication stress. Combinatory use of AXL and ATR inhibitors showed additive effects in OC. Through SILAC co-immunoprecipitation mass spectrometry, we identified a novel binding partner of AXL, SAM68, whose loss in OC cells harboured phenotypes in DNA damage responses similar to AXL inhibition. In addition, AXL- and SAM68-deficiency or R428 treatment induced elevated levels of cholesterol and upregulated genes in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. There might be a protective role of cholesterol in shielding cancer cells against DNA damage induced by AXL inhibition or SMA68 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Hui Yeo
- Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 60 Biopolis Street, Genome, Singapore, 138672, Republic of Singapore
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117599, Republic of Singapore
| | - Vignesh Sundararajan
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117599, Republic of Singapore
| | - Zhengwei Wu
- Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 60 Biopolis Street, Genome, Singapore, 138672, Republic of Singapore
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117599, Republic of Singapore
| | - Zi Jin Cheryl Phua
- Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 60 Biopolis Street, Genome, Singapore, 138672, Republic of Singapore
| | - Yin Ying Ho
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute (BTI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 20 Biopolis Way, Centros, Singapore, 138668, Republic of Singapore
| | - Kai Lay Esther Peh
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute (BTI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 20 Biopolis Way, Centros, Singapore, 138668, Republic of Singapore
| | - Yi-Chia Chiu
- Graduate Institute of Oncology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tuan Zea Tan
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117599, Republic of Singapore
| | - Dennis Kappei
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117599, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 10 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117597, Republic of Singapore
- NUS Center for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Ying Swan Ho
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute (BTI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 20 Biopolis Way, Centros, Singapore, 138668, Republic of Singapore
| | - David Shao Peng Tan
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117599, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Wai Leong Tam
- Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 60 Biopolis Street, Genome, Singapore, 138672, Republic of Singapore
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117599, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 10 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117597, Republic of Singapore
- NUS Center for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Republic of Singapore
| | - Ruby Yun-Ju Huang
- Graduate Institute of Oncology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore.
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226
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Bramlett C, Eerdeng J, Jiang D, Lee Y, Garcia I, Vergel-Rodriguez M, Condie P, Nogalska A, Lu R. RNA splicing factor Rbm25 underlies heterogeneous preleukemic clonal expansion in mice. Blood 2023; 141:2961-2972. [PMID: 36947858 PMCID: PMC10315624 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2023019620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Clonal expansion sets the stage for cancer genesis by allowing for the accumulation of molecular alterations. Although genetic mutations such as Tet2 that induce clonal expansion and malignancy have been identified, these mutations are also frequently found in healthy individuals. Here, we tracked preleukemic clonal expansion using genetic barcoding in an inducible Tet2 knockout mouse model and found that only a small fraction of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) expanded excessively upon Tet2 knockout. These overexpanded HSCs expressed significantly lower levels of genes associated with leukemia and RNA splicing than nonoverexpanded Tet2 knockout HSCs. Knocking down Rbm25, an identified RNA splicing factor, accelerated the expansion of Tet2-knockout hematopoietic cells in vitro and in vivo. Our data suggest that mutations of an epigenetic factor Tet2 induce variability in the expression of an RNA splicing factor Rbm25, which subsequently drives heterogeneous preleukemic clonal expansion. This heterogeneous clonal expansion could contribute to the variable disease risks across individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Bramlett
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jiya Eerdeng
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Du Jiang
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Yeachan Lee
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Ivon Garcia
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Mary Vergel-Rodriguez
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Patrick Condie
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Anna Nogalska
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Rong Lu
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
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227
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Abdulla HD, Alserihi R, Flensburg C, Abeysekera W, Luo MX, Gray DH, Liu X, Smyth GK, Alexander WS, Majewski IJ, McCormack MP. Overexpression of Lmo2 initiates T-lymphoblastic leukemia via impaired thymocyte competition. J Exp Med 2023; 220:e20212383. [PMID: 36920307 PMCID: PMC10037042 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20212383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell competition has recently emerged as an important tumor suppressor mechanism in the thymus that inhibits autonomous thymic maintenance. Here, we show that the oncogenic transcription factor Lmo2 causes autonomous thymic maintenance in transgenic mice by inhibiting early T cell differentiation. This autonomous thymic maintenance results in the development of self-renewing preleukemic stem cells (pre-LSCs) and subsequent leukemogenesis, both of which are profoundly inhibited by restoration of thymic competition or expression of the antiapoptotic factor BCL2. Genomic analyses revealed the presence of Notch1 mutations in pre-LSCs before subsequent loss of tumor suppressors promotes the transition to overt leukemogenesis. These studies demonstrate a critical role for impaired cell competition in the development of pre-LSCs in a transgenic mouse model of T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), implying that this process plays a role in the ontogeny of human T-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesham D. Abdulla
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Raed Alserihi
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Christoffer Flensburg
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Waruni Abeysekera
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Meng-Xiao Luo
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Daniel H.D. Gray
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
- Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gordon K. Smyth
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Warren S. Alexander
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Ian J. Majewski
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Matthew P. McCormack
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- iCamuno Biotherapeutics, Melbourne, Australia
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228
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Shao J, Shah S, Ganguly S, Zu Y, He C, Li Z. Classification of Acute Myeloid Leukemia by Cell-Free DNA 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1180. [PMID: 37372359 PMCID: PMC10298116 DOI: 10.3390/genes14061180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic abnormality is a hallmark of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and aberrant 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) levels are commonly observed in AML patients. As epigenetic subgroups of AML correlate with different clinical outcomes, we investigated whether plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) 5hmC could categorize AML patients into subtypes. We profiled the genome-wide landscape of 5hmC in plasma cfDNA from 54 AML patients. Using an unbiased clustering approach, we found that 5hmC levels in genomic regions with a histone mark H3K4me3 classified AML samples into three distinct clusters that were significantly associated with leukemia burden and survival. Cluster 3 showed the highest leukemia burden, the shortest overall survival of patients, and the lowest 5hmC levels in the TET2 promoter. 5hmC levels in the TET2 promoter could represent TET2 activity resulting from mutations in DNA demethylation genes and other factors. The novel genes and key signaling pathways associated with aberrant 5hmC patterns could add to our understanding of DNA hydroxymethylation and highlight the potential therapeutic targets in AML. Our results identify a novel 5hmC-based AML classification system and further underscore cfDNA 5hmC as a highly sensitive marker for AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Shao
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Shilpan Shah
- Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Siddhartha Ganguly
- Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Youli Zu
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chuan He
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Zejuan Li
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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229
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Lebecque B, Dannus LT. BCOR/BCORL1 mutated hypergranular cells mimicking acute promyelocytic leukemia. Blood 2023; 141:2283. [PMID: 37140950 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022019204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
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230
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Huo R, Yang Y, Sun Y, Zhou Q, Zhao S, Mo Z, Xu H, Wang J, Weng J, Jiao Y, Zhang J, He Q, Wang S, Zhao J, Wang J, Cao Y. Endothelial hyperactivation of mutant MAP3K3 induces cerebral cavernous malformation enhanced by PIK3CA GOF mutation. Angiogenesis 2023; 26:295-312. [PMID: 36719480 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-023-09866-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) refer to a common vascular abnormality that affects up to 0.5% of the population. A somatic gain-of-function mutation in MAP3K3 (p.I441M) was recently reported in sporadic CCMs, frequently accompanied by somatic activating PIK3CA mutations in diseased endothelium. However, the molecular mechanisms of these driver genes remain elusive. In this study, we performed whole-exome sequencing and droplet digital polymerase chain reaction to analyze CCM lesions and the matched blood from sporadic patients. 44 of 94 cases harbored mutations in KRIT1/CCM2 or MAP3K3, of which 75% were accompanied by PIK3CA mutations (P = 0.006). AAV-BR1-mediated brain endothelial-specific MAP3K3I441M overexpression induced CCM-like lesions throughout the brain and spinal cord in adolescent mice. Interestingly, over half of lesions disappeared at adulthood. Single-cell RNA sequencing found significant enrichment of the apoptosis pathway in a subset of brain endothelial cells in MAP3K3I441M mice compared to controls. We then demonstrated that MAP3K3I441M overexpression activated p38 signaling that is associated with the apoptosis of endothelial cells in vitro and in vivo. In contrast, the mice simultaneously overexpressing PIK3CA and MAP3K3 mutations had an increased number of CCM-like lesions and maintained these lesions for a longer time compared to those with only MAP3K3I441M. Further in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that activating PI3K signaling increased proliferation and alleviated apoptosis of endothelial cells. By using AAV-BR1, we found that MAP3K3I441M mutation can provoke CCM-like lesions in mice and the activation of PI3K signaling significantly enhances and maintains these lesions, providing a preclinical model for the further mechanistic and therapeutic study of CCMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Huo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 119S Fourth Ring Rd W, Fengtai District, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yingxi Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yingfan Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 119S Fourth Ring Rd W, Fengtai District, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuxia Zhou
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shaozhi Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 119S Fourth Ring Rd W, Fengtai District, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zongchao Mo
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hongyuan Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 119S Fourth Ring Rd W, Fengtai District, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 119S Fourth Ring Rd W, Fengtai District, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jiancong Weng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 119S Fourth Ring Rd W, Fengtai District, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yuming Jiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 119S Fourth Ring Rd W, Fengtai District, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Junze Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 119S Fourth Ring Rd W, Fengtai District, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Qiheng He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 119S Fourth Ring Rd W, Fengtai District, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 119S Fourth Ring Rd W, Fengtai District, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jizong Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 119S Fourth Ring Rd W, Fengtai District, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jiguang Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Yong Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 119S Fourth Ring Rd W, Fengtai District, Beijing, China.
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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231
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Tricarico R, Madzo J, Scher G, Cohen M, Jelinek J, Maegawa S, Nagarathinam R, Scher C, Chang WC, Nicolas E, Slifker M, Zhou Y, Devarajan K, Cai KQ, Kwok T, Nakajima P, Xu J, Mancuso P, Doneddu V, Bagella L, Williams R, Balachandran S, Maskalenko N, Campbell K, Ma X, Cañadas I, Viana-Errasti J, Moreno V, Valle L, Grivennikov S, Peshkova I, Kurilenko N, Mazitova A, Koltsova E, Lee H, Walsh M, Duttweiler R, Whetstine JR, Yen TJ, Issa JP, Bellacosa A. TET1 and TDG Suppress Inflammatory Response in Intestinal Tumorigenesis: Implications for Colorectal Tumors With the CpG Island Methylator Phenotype. Gastroenterology 2023; 164:921-936.e1. [PMID: 36764492 PMCID: PMC10586516 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2023.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Aberrant DNA methylation is frequent in colorectal cancer (CRC), but underlying mechanisms and pathologic consequences are poorly understood. METHODS We disrupted active DNA demethylation genes Tet1 and/or Tdg from ApcMin mice and characterized the methylome and transcriptome of colonic adenomas. Data were compared to human colonic adenocarcinomas (COAD) in The Cancer Genome Atlas. RESULTS There were increased numbers of small intestinal adenomas in ApcMin mice expressing the TdgN151A allele, whereas Tet1-deficient and Tet1/TdgN151A-double heterozygous ApcMin colonic adenomas were larger with features of erosion and invasion. We detected reduction in global DNA hypomethylation in colonic adenomas from Tet1- and Tdg-mutant ApcMin mice and hypermethylation of CpG islands in Tet1-mutant ApcMin adenomas. Up-regulation of inflammatory, immune, and interferon response genes was present in Tet1- and Tdg-mutant colonic adenomas compared to control ApcMin adenomas. This up-regulation was also seen in murine colonic organoids and human CRC lines infected with lentiviruses expressing TET1 or TDG short hairpin RNA. A 127-gene inflammatory signature separated colonic adenocarcinomas into 4 groups, closely aligned with their microsatellite or chromosomal instability and characterized by different levels of DNA methylation and DNMT1 expression that anticorrelated with TET1 expression. Tumors with the CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) had concerted high DNMT1/low TET1 expression. TET1 or TDG knockdown in CRC lines enhanced killing by natural killer cells. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal a novel epigenetic regulation, linked to the type of genomic instability, by which TET1/TDG-mediated DNA demethylation decreases methylation levels and inflammatory/interferon/immune responses. CIMP in CRC is triggered by an imbalance of methylating activities over demethylating activities. These mice represent a model of CIMP CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Tricarico
- Cancer Epigenetics Institute, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Nuclear Dynamics and Cancer Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jozef Madzo
- Coriell Institute for Medical Research, Camden, New Jersey
| | - Gabrielle Scher
- Cancer Epigenetics Institute, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Nuclear Dynamics and Cancer Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Maya Cohen
- Cancer Epigenetics Institute, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Nuclear Dynamics and Cancer Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Shinji Maegawa
- University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Carly Scher
- Cancer Epigenetics Institute, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Nuclear Dynamics and Cancer Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Wen-Chi Chang
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Emmanuelle Nicolas
- Cancer Signaling and Microenvironment Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael Slifker
- Department of Biostatistics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Biostatistics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Karthik Devarajan
- Department of Biostatistics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kathy Q Cai
- Experimental Histopathology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Tim Kwok
- Cell Culture Facility, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Pamela Nakajima
- Cell Culture Facility, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jinfei Xu
- Cancer Epigenetics Institute, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Nuclear Dynamics and Cancer Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Pietro Mancuso
- Cancer Epigenetics Institute, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Nuclear Dynamics and Cancer Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Valentina Doneddu
- Cancer Epigenetics Institute, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Nuclear Dynamics and Cancer Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Luigi Bagella
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy; Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Riley Williams
- Cancer Signaling and Microenvironment Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Siddharth Balachandran
- Cancer Signaling and Microenvironment Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Nicholas Maskalenko
- Cancer Signaling and Microenvironment Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kerry Campbell
- Cancer Signaling and Microenvironment Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Xueying Ma
- Nuclear Dynamics and Cancer Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Israel Cañadas
- Cancer Epigenetics Institute, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Nuclear Dynamics and Cancer Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Julen Viana-Errasti
- Hereditary Cancer Program Catalan Institute of Oncology, Oncobell Program, Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Victor Moreno
- Oncology Data Analytics Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Oncobell Program, Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Valle
- Hereditary Cancer Program Catalan Institute of Oncology, Oncobell Program, Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergei Grivennikov
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Medicine and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Iuliia Peshkova
- Cancer Signaling and Microenvironment Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Medicine and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Natalia Kurilenko
- Cancer Signaling and Microenvironment Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Medicine and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Aleksandra Mazitova
- Cancer Signaling and Microenvironment Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Medicine and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Ekaterina Koltsova
- Cancer Signaling and Microenvironment Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Medicine and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Hayan Lee
- Cancer Epigenetics Institute, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Nuclear Dynamics and Cancer Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Martin Walsh
- Cancer Epigenetics Institute, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Nuclear Dynamics and Cancer Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Reuben Duttweiler
- Cancer Epigenetics Institute, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Nuclear Dynamics and Cancer Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Johnathan R Whetstine
- Cancer Epigenetics Institute, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Nuclear Dynamics and Cancer Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Timothy J Yen
- Cancer Epigenetics Institute, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Nuclear Dynamics and Cancer Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Alfonso Bellacosa
- Cancer Epigenetics Institute, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Nuclear Dynamics and Cancer Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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Phan T, Tong J, Krivanek M, Graf N, Dexter M, Tumuluri K. Aneurysmal Bone Cyst of the Orbit With USP6 Gene Rearrangement. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2023; 39:206-210. [PMID: 36356178 DOI: 10.1097/iop.0000000000002287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) of the orbit is a very rare tumor, occurring mostly in the pediatric population, and can result in sight threatening complications and disfigurement. This review discusses previously reported cases with a focus on evolving treatment options and molecular genetics. METHODS We report the youngest case of an orbital ABC with a confirmed gene fusion: a 17-month-old girl, with confirmed FGFR-UPS6 (Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1-ubiquitin specific peptidase 6/tre-2). A literature search for relevant publications on the topic was performed via Medline and PubMed, with the appropriate data extracted. RESULTS Thirty-two cases of orbital aneurysmal bone cyst were identified in the literature. Presentations are varied and can include pain, proptosis, decreased vision, and extraocular motility disturbance. Typical imaging and histopathology findings are discussed, in particular the usefulness of identifying USP6 gene arrangements. Treatment modalities are reviewed including surgery, embolization, and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) inhibitors. Recurrences can occur, usually within 2 years. CONCLUSIONS Orbital ABC is a neoplasm that presents unique diagnostic and treatment challenges. Gene rearrangements can confirm primary ABC and rule out other underlying pathology. Disfigurement and sight threatening complications can occur due to both the disease process and with treatment. Outcomes may be improved with the use of systemic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracey Phan
- The Department of Ophthalmology, Children's Hospital Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jessica Tong
- The Department of Ophthalmology, Children's Hospital Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael Krivanek
- Department of Histopathology, Children's Hospital Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicole Graf
- Department of Histopathology, Children's Hospital Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- University of Western Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mark Dexter
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Krishna Tumuluri
- The Department of Ophthalmology, Children's Hospital Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Mansour B, Vanecek T, Kastnerova L, Nosek D, Kazakov DV, Donati M. Spitz Tumor With SQSTM1::NTRK2 Fusion: A Clinicopathological Study of 5 Cases. Am J Dermatopathol 2023; 45:306-310. [PMID: 36939120 DOI: 10.1097/dad.0000000000002410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Spitz tumors are melanocytic neoplasms characterized by specific, mutually exclusive driver molecular events, namely genomic rearrangements involving the threonine kinase BRAF and the tyrosine kinase receptors ALK , NTRK1 , NTRK2 , NTRK3 , MET , RET , ROS1 , and MAP3K8 or less commonly, mutations in HRAS or MAP2K1 . We hereby report 5 Spitz tumors with a SQSTM1::NTRK2 fusion. All patients were woman with the ages at diagnosis ranging from 30 to 50 years. Locations included the lower extremity (n = 3), forearm, and back (one each). All the neoplasms were superficial melanocytic proliferation with a flat to dome-shaped silhouette, in which junctional spindled and polygonal dendritic melanocytes were mainly arranged as horizontal nests associated with conspicuous lentiginous involvement of the follicular epithelium. Only one case showed heavily pigmented, vertically oriented melanocytic nests resembling Reed nevus. A superficial intradermal component observed in 2 cases appeared as small nests with a back-to-back configuration. In all lesions, next-generation sequencing analysis identified a SQSTM1::NTRK2 fusion. A single case studied with fluorescence in situ hybridization for copy number changes in melanoma-related genes proved negative. No further molecular alterations were detected, including TERT-p hotspot mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boulos Mansour
- Department of Pathology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Roma, Italy
| | - Tomas Vanecek
- Sikl's Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Liubov Kastnerova
- Sikl's Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Nosek
- Department of Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; and
| | - Dmitry V Kazakov
- IDP Institut für Dermatohistopathologie, Pathologie Institut Enge, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Michele Donati
- Department of Pathology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Roma, Italy
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Gok MO, Connor OM, Wang X, Menezes CJ, Llamas CB, Mishra P, Friedman JR. The outer mitochondrial membrane protein TMEM11 demarcates spatially restricted BNIP3/BNIP3L-mediated mitophagy. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:e202204021. [PMID: 36795401 PMCID: PMC9960330 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202204021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play critical roles in cellular metabolism and to maintain their integrity, they are regulated by several quality control pathways, including mitophagy. During BNIP3/BNIP3L-dependent receptor-mediated mitophagy, mitochondria are selectively targeted for degradation by the direct recruitment of the autophagy protein LC3. BNIP3 and/or BNIP3L are upregulated situationally, for example during hypoxia and developmentally during erythrocyte maturation. However, it is not well understood how they are spatially regulated within the mitochondrial network to locally trigger mitophagy. Here, we find that the poorly characterized mitochondrial protein TMEM11 forms a complex with BNIP3 and BNIP3L and co-enriches at sites of mitophagosome formation. We find that mitophagy is hyper-active in the absence of TMEM11 during both normoxia and hypoxia-mimetic conditions due to an increase in BNIP3/BNIP3L mitophagy sites, supporting a model that TMEM11 spatially restricts mitophagosome formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Oguz Gok
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Olivia M. Connor
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Xun Wang
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Cameron J. Menezes
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Claire B. Llamas
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Prashant Mishra
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jonathan R. Friedman
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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Bylicki O, Tomasini P, Radj G, Guisier F, Monnet I, Ricordel C, Bigay-Game L, Geier M, Chouaid C, Daniel C, Swalduz A, Toffart AC, Doubre H, Peloni JM, Moreau D, Subtil F, Grellard JM, Castera M, Clarisse B, Martins-Lavinas PH, Decroisette C, Greillier L. Atezolizumab with or without bevacizumab and platinum-pemetrexed in patients with stage IIIB/IV non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer with EGFR mutation, ALK rearrangement or ROS1 fusion progressing after targeted therapies: A multicentre phase II open-label non-randomised study GFPC 06-2018. Eur J Cancer 2023; 183:38-48. [PMID: 36801605 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2023.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous reports showed limited efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors as single-agent treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation or ALK/ROS1 fusion. We aimed at evaluating the efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitor combined with chemotherapy and bevacizumab (when eligible) in this patient subgroup. METHODS We conducted a French national open-label multicentre non-randomised non-comparative phase II study in patients with stage IIIB/IV NSCLC, oncogenic addiction (EGFR mutation or ALK/ROS1 fusion), with disease progression after tyrosine kinase inhibitor and no prior chemotherapy. Patients received platinum, pemetrexed, atezolizumab, bevacizumab (PPAB cohort) or, if not eligible to bevacizumab, platinum-pemetrexed-atezolizumab (PPA cohort). The primary end-point was the objective response rate (RECIST v1.1) after 12 weeks, evaluated by blind independent central review. RESULTS 71 patients were included in PPAB cohort and 78 in PPA cohort (mean age, 60.4/66.1 years; women 69.0%/51.3%; EGFR mutation, 87.3%/89.7%; ALK rearrangement, 12.7%/5.1%; ROS1 fusion, 0%/6.4%, respectively). After 12 weeks, objective response rate was 58.2% (90% confidence interval [CI], 47.4-68.4) in PPAB cohort and 46.5% (90% CI, 36.3-56.9) in PPA cohort. Median progression-free survival and overall survival were 7.3 (95% CI 6.9-9.0) months and 17.2 (95% CI 13.7-NA) months in PPAB cohort and 7.2 (95% CI 5.7-9.2) months and 16.8 (95% CI 13.5-NA) months in PPA cohort, respectively. Grade 3-4 adverse events occurred in 69.1% of patients in PPAB cohort and 51.4% in PPA cohort; Grade 3-4 atezolizumab-related adverse events occurred in 27.9% and 15.3%, respectively. CONCLUSION Combination approach with atezolizumab with or without bevacizumab and platinum-pemetrexed achieved promising activity in metastatic EGFR-mutated or ALK/ROS1-rearranged NSCLC after tyrosine kinase inhibitor failure, with acceptable safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Bylicki
- Department of Pneumology, Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées Sainte Anne, Toulon, France.
| | - Pascale Tomasini
- Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, INSERM, CNRS, CRCM, Hôpital Nord, Multidisciplinary Oncology and Therapeutic Innovations, Marseille, France
| | - Gervais Radj
- Department of Medical Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France
| | - Florian Guisier
- CHU Rouen, Service de Pneumologie, Oncologie Thoracique et Soins Intensifs Respiratoires, Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, EA4108 LITIS Lab, QuantIF Team and Inserm CIC-CRB 1404, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Isabelle Monnet
- Department of Pneumology, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Charles Ricordel
- Department of Pneumology, CHU Rennes, Univ Rennes 1, INSERM, OSS (Oncogenesis Stress Signaling), UMR_S 1242, CLCC Eugene Marquis, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Laurence Bigay-Game
- Department of Pneumology & Thoracic Oncology, CHU Toulouse-Hôpital Larrey, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Christos Chouaid
- CHU Rouen, Service de Pneumologie, Oncologie Thoracique et Soins Intensifs Respiratoires, Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, EA4108 LITIS Lab, QuantIF Team and Inserm CIC-CRB 1404, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Catherine Daniel
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Thorax Institute Curie Montsouris, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Aurelie Swalduz
- Department of Pneumology, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Jean-Michel Peloni
- Department of Pneumology, Maison de Santé Protestante de Bordeaux-Bagatelle, Talence, France
| | - Diane Moreau
- Department of Pneumology and Oncology, Medical University of Felix Guyon, Reunion Island, France
| | - Fabien Subtil
- Service de Biostatistique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive UMR 5558, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Jean-Michel Grellard
- Clinical Research Department, Comprehensive Cancer Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France
| | - Marie Castera
- Clinical Research Department, Comprehensive Cancer Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France
| | - Benedicte Clarisse
- Clinical Research Department, Comprehensive Cancer Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France
| | - Pedro-Henrique Martins-Lavinas
- Service de Biostatistique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive UMR 5558, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Chantal Decroisette
- Department of Pneumology & Thoracic Oncology, CH Annecy-Genevois, 74370 Metz-Tessy, France
| | - Laurent Greillier
- Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, INSERM, CNRS, CRCM, Hôpital Nord, Multidisciplinary Oncology and Therapeutic Innovations, Marseille, France
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Brea E, Rotow J. Targeted Therapy for Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2023; 37:575-594. [PMID: 37024384 DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2023.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
This article provides an updated review of the management of oncogene-driven non-small cell lung cancer. The use of targeted therapies for lung cancer driven by EGFR, ALK, ROS1, RET, NTRK, HER2, BRAF, MET, and KRAS are discussed, both in the first-line setting and in the setting of acquired resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliott Brea
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, SM353, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Julia Rotow
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, DA1240, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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Şik N, Duman M, Küme T, Gürsoy Doruk Ö, Yilmaz D, Ören H. Roles of Vitamin-K-dependent Factors Protein S and GAS6 With TAM Receptors and HMGB1 in Pediatric COVID-19 Disease. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2023; 45:e298-e303. [PMID: 35973116 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000002528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was designed to evaluate serum high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), protein S (PS), growth arrest-specific gene 6 (GAS6), and TAM receptor (TYRO3, AXL, and MERTK) levels in children with COVID-19 disease. METHODS A prospective case-control study was conducted in our pediatric emergency department and 57 patients with SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) positivity, 6 patients with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), and 17 healthy children were included. Demographic data, clinical findings, laboratory and radiologic data, the need for hospitalization, and prognosis were recorded. Serum HMGB1, PS, GAS6, and TAM receptor levels were studied by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. RESULTS While SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive patients and healthy controls were similar in terms of gender and age, GAS6 and MERTK levels were significantly lower in SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive patients compared with healthy controls. Among SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive patients, no difference was found in terms of serum markers in those with and without gastrointestinal or respiratory system symptoms. However, in patients with respiratory distress at admission, PS and TYRO3 levels were significantly lower. AXL levels were lower in patients diagnosed with MIS-C compared with healthy controls. Activated partial thromboplastin time was negatively correlated with HMGB1, PS, GAS6, and AXL levels. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that such measurements may be informative and warranted in children with COVID-19 who show evidence of coagulopathy and respiratory distress. Further studies are needed to clarify the roles of these markers in diagnosis, to predict clinical severity, and to evaluate their roles in treatment approaches for COVID-19 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nihan Şik
- Division of Pediatric Emergency Care; Department of Pediatrics
| | - Murat Duman
- Division of Pediatric Emergency Care; Department of Pediatrics
| | - Tuncay Küme
- Division of Pediatric Hematology, Department of Biochemistry
| | | | - Durgül Yilmaz
- Division of Pediatric Emergency Care; Department of Pediatrics
| | - Hale Ören
- Department of Pediatrics, Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
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Langston J, Patil T, Ross Camidge D, Bunn PA, Schenk EL, Pacheco JM, Jurica J, Waxweiler TV, Kavanagh BD, Rusthoven CG. CNS Downstaging: An Emerging Treatment Paradigm for Extensive Brain Metastases in Oncogene-Addicted Lung Cancer. Lung Cancer 2023; 178:103-107. [PMID: 36809719 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2023.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION For extensive brain metastases (BrM) presentations arising from oncogene-addicted lung cancer, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) with high response rates in the central nervous system (CNS) could potentially downstage the CNS disease burden, allowing for the avoidance of upfront whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) and the conversion of some patients into candidates for focal stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). METHODS We describe the outcomes of patients with ALK, EGFR, and ROS1-driven NSCLC with extensive BrM presentations (defined as > 10 BrMs or leptomeningeal disease) treated with upfront newer generation CNS-active TKIs alone, including osimertinib, alectinib, brigatinib, lorlatinib, and entrectinib, from 2012 to 2021 at our institution. All BrMs were contoured at study entry, best CNS response (nadir), and first CNS progression. RESULTS Twelve patients met criteria including 6 with ALK, 3 with EGFR, and 3 with ROS1-driven NSCLC. The median number and volume of BrMs at presentation were 49 and 19.6 cm3, respectively. Eleven patients (91.7 %) achieved a CNS response by modified-RECIST criteria to upfront TKI (10 partial responses, 1 complete response, 1 stable disease) with nadir observed at a median of 5.1 months. At nadir, the median number and volume of BrMs were 5 (median 91.7 % reduction per-patient) and 0.3 cm3(median 96.5 % reduction per-patient), respectively. Eleven patients (91.6 %) developed subsequent CNS progression (7 local failures, 3 local + distant, 1 distant) at a median of 17.9 months. At CNS progression, the median number and volume of BrMs were 7 and 0.7 cm3, respectively. Seven patients (58.3 %) received salvage SRS and no patients received salvage WBRT. The median overall survival from initiation of TKI for the extensive BrM presentation was 43.2 months. CONCLUSION In this initial case series, we describe CNS downstaging as a promising multidisciplinary treatment paradigm involving the upfront administration CNS-active systemic therapy and close MRI surveillance for extensive BrMs as a strategy to avoid upfront WBRT and to convert some patients into SRS candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Langston
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, USA
| | - Tejas Patil
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, USA
| | - D Ross Camidge
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, USA
| | - Paul A Bunn
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, USA
| | - Erin L Schenk
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, USA
| | - Jose M Pacheco
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, USA
| | - James Jurica
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, USA
| | - Timothy V Waxweiler
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, USA
| | - Brian D Kavanagh
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, USA
| | - Chad G Rusthoven
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, USA.
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Li X, Lai Y, Lane Z, Strollo H, Tanimura K, Sembrat JC, Zou C, Myerburg MM, Rojas M, Shapiro S, Jiang Y, Nyunoya T. Cigarette smoking is a secondary cause of folliculin loss. Thorax 2023; 78:402-408. [PMID: 35301243 PMCID: PMC9612398 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-217197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome (BHD) is a clinical syndrome manifesting with cystic lung disease and pneumothorax. Features of BHD result from the loss-of-function mutations of the folliculin (FLCN) gene. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterised by an irreversible airflow limitation, is primarily caused by cigarette smoking. OBJECTIVE Given that COPD often shares structural features with BHD, we investigated the link between COPD, cigarette smoke (CS) exposure and FLCN expression. METHODS We measured the expression of FLCN in human COPD lungs and CS-exposed mouse lungs, as well as in CS extract (CSE)-exposed immortalised human airway epithelial cells by immunoblotting. RESULTS We found that the lung FLCN protein levels in smokers with COPD and CS exposure mice exhibit a marked decrease compared with smokers without COPD and room air exposure mice, respectively. We confirmed CS induced degradation of FLCN in immortalised human bronchial epithelial Beas-2B cells via ubiquitin proteasome system. Further, siRNA targeting FLCN enhanced CSE-induced cytotoxicity. By contrast, FLCN overexpression protected cells from CSE-induced cytotoxicity. We found that FBXO23, the ubiquitin E3 ligase subunit, specifically binds to and targets FLCN for degradation. Inhibition of ATM (ataxia-telangiectasia mutated) attenuated CSE induced FLCN degradation, suggesting a role of ATM in FLCN proteolysis. We further confirmed that the mutant of major FLCN phosphorylation site serine 62A is resistant to CSE-induced degradation and cytotoxicity. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that CS exposure is a secondary cause of FLCN deficiency due to the enhanced proteolysis, which promoted airway epithelial cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuying Li
- Medicine, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System University Drive Division, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yandong Lai
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Zachary Lane
- Medicine, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System University Drive Division, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hilary Strollo
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kazuya Tanimura
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - John C Sembrat
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Chunbin Zou
- Medicine, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System University Drive Division, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael M Myerburg
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Steven Shapiro
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yu Jiang
- Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Toru Nyunoya
- Medicine, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System University Drive Division, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Kalelioglu T, Rama B, Cho BB, Lopes BM, Patel SH. Pediatric-type diffuse low-grade glioma with MYB/MYBL1 alteration: report of 2 cases. Neuroradiol J 2023; 36:232-235. [PMID: 36074655 PMCID: PMC10034699 DOI: 10.1177/19714009221126015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
2016 World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System (CNS) has shown how molecular features can impact the classification of brain tumors. The continued combination of molecular features with histopathology has led to distinguish tumors with similar histopathologic features but distinct clinical prognosis. The 2021 revised 5. edition of the WHO classification further includes molecular features for CNS tumor categorization including MYB/MYBL1 altered diffuse astrocytoma which is a newly recognized type of low-grade pediatric-type brain tumor. We discuss imaging features of two pediatric-type low-grade gliomas with MYB/MYBL1-mutation that encountered at our institution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bharath Rama
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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Palmerini E, Gambarotti M, Italiano A, Nathenson MJ, Ratan R, Dileo P, Provenzano S, Jones RL, DuBois SG, Martin-Broto J, de Alava E, Baldi GG, Grignani G, Ferraresi V, Brunello A, Paoluzzi L, Bertulli R, Hindi N, Montemurro M, Rothermundt C, Cocchi S, Salguero-Aranda C, Donati D, Martin JD, Abdelhamid Ahmed AH, Mazzocca A, Carretta E, Cesari M, Pierini M, Righi A, Sbaraglia M, Laginestra MA, Scotlandi K, Dei Tos AP, Ibrahim T, Stacchiotti S, Vincenzi B. A global collaboRAtive study of CIC-rearranged, BCOR::CCNB3-rearranged and other ultra-rare unclassified undifferentiated small round cell sarcomas (GRACefUl). Eur J Cancer 2023; 183:11-23. [PMID: 36791667 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2023.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Undifferentiated small round cell sarcomas (URCSs) represent a diagnostic challenge, and their optimal treatment is unknown. We aimed to define the clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcome of URCS patients. METHODS URCS patients treated from 1983 to 2019 at 21 worldwide sarcoma reference centres were retrospectively identified. Based on molecular assessment, cases were classified as follows: (1) CIC-rearranged round cell sarcomas, (2) BCOR::CCNB3-rearranged round cell sarcomas, (3) unclassified URCSs. Treatment, prognostic factors and outcome were reviewed. RESULTS In total, 148 patients were identified [88/148 (60%) CIC-rearranged sarcoma (median age 32 years, range 7-78), 33/148 (22%) BCOR::CCNB3-rearranged (median age 17 years, range 5-91), and 27/148 (18%) unclassified URCSs (median age 37 years, range 4-70)]. One hundred-one (68.2%) cases presented with localised disease; 47 (31.8%) had metastases at diagnosis. Male prevalence, younger age, bone primary site, and a low rate of synchronous metastases were observed in BCOR::CCNB3-rearranged cases. Local treatment was surgery in 67/148 (45%) patients, and surgery + radiotherapy in 52/148 (35%). Chemotherapy was given to 122/148 (82%) patients. At a 42.7-month median follow-up, the 3-year overall survival (OS) was 92.2% (95% CI 71.5-98.0) in BCOR::CCNB3 patients, 39.6% (95% CI 27.7-51.3) in CIC-rearranged sarcomas, and 78.7% in unclassified URCSs (95% CI 56.1-90.6; p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS This study is the largest conducted in URCS and confirms major differences in outcomes between URCS subtypes. A full molecular assessment should be undertaken when a diagnosis of URCS is suspected. Prospective studies are needed to better define the optimal treatment strategy in each URCS subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Palmerini
- Osteoncology, Soft Tissue and Bone Sarcomas, Innovative Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Marco Gambarotti
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Antoine Italiano
- Early Phase Trial and Sarcoma Unit, Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France; Faculty of Medicine, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Ravin Ratan
- Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Palma Dileo
- London Sarcoma Service, University College London Hospital, London, UK
| | - Salvatore Provenzano
- Adult mesenchymal tumours and rare cancers unit, Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Robin L Jones
- Sarcoma Unit, The Royal Marsden and Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Steven G DuBois
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Javier Martin-Broto
- Medical Oncology Department, University Hospital Fundación Jimenez Diaz, Madrid, Spain; University Hospital General de Villalba, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Fundacion Jimenez Diaz (IIS/FJD; UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique de Alava
- IBIS Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain; Vigem Del Rocio University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville/CIBERONC, Spain; Department of Normal and Pathological Cytology and Histology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, Spain
| | | | - Giovanni Grignani
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Turin, Italy; Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria CItta della Scienza e della Salute di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Antonella Brunello
- Department of Oncology, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Luca Paoluzzi
- Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Rossella Bertulli
- Adult mesenchymal tumours and rare cancers unit, Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Nadia Hindi
- Medical Oncology Department, University Hospital Fundación Jimenez Diaz, Madrid, Spain; University Hospital General de Villalba, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Fundacion Jimenez Diaz (IIS/FJD; UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Michael Montemurro
- Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christian Rothermundt
- Department of Medical Oncology and Haematology Kantonsspital St.Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Stefania Cocchi
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Carmen Salguero-Aranda
- IBIS Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain; Vigem Del Rocio University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville/CIBERONC, Spain; Department of Normal and Pathological Cytology and Histology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, Spain
| | - Davide Donati
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Juan D Martin
- IBIS Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain; Vigem Del Rocio University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville/CIBERONC, Spain; Department of Normal and Pathological Cytology and Histology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, Spain
| | | | - Alessandro Mazzocca
- Department of Medical Oncology, Università Campus Bio-medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Carretta
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Marilena Cesari
- Osteoncology, Soft Tissue and Bone Sarcomas, Innovative Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michela Pierini
- Osteoncology, Soft Tissue and Bone Sarcomas, Innovative Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto Righi
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Maria A Laginestra
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Katia Scotlandi
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Toni Ibrahim
- Osteoncology, Soft Tissue and Bone Sarcomas, Innovative Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Stacchiotti
- Adult mesenchymal tumours and rare cancers unit, Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Bruno Vincenzi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Università Campus Bio-medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
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Abstract
Oncogenes that occur in ≤5% of non-small-cell lung cancers have been defined as 'rare'; nonetheless, this frequency can correspond to a substantial number of patients diagnosed annually. Within rare oncogenes, less commonly identified alterations (such as HRAS, NRAS, RIT1, ARAF, RAF1 and MAP2K1 mutations, or ERBB family, LTK and RASGRF1 fusions) can share certain structural or oncogenic features with more commonly recognized alterations (such as KRAS, BRAF, MET and ERBB family mutations, or ALK, RET and ROS1 fusions). Over the past 5 years, a surge in the identification of rare-oncogene-driven lung cancers has challenged the boundaries of traditional clinical grade diagnostic assays and profiling algorithms. In tandem, the number of approved targeted therapies for patients with rare molecular subtypes of lung cancer has risen dramatically. Rational drug design has iteratively improved the quality of small-molecule therapeutic agents and introduced a wave of antibody-based therapeutics, expanding the list of actionable de novo and resistance alterations in lung cancer. Getting additional molecularly tailored therapeutics approved for rare-oncogene-driven lung cancers in a larger range of countries will require ongoing stakeholder cooperation. Patient advocates, health-care agencies, investigators and companies with an interest in diagnostics, therapeutics and real-world evidence have already taken steps to surmount the challenges associated with research into low-frequency drivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Harada
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Soo-Ryum Yang
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emiliano Cocco
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology/Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami/Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
| | - Alexander Drilon
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
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Kojima N, Mori T, Motoi T, Kobayashi E, Yoshida M, Yatabe Y, Ichikawa H, Kawai A, Yonemori K, Antonescu CR, Yoshida A. Frequent CD30 Expression in an Emerging Group of Mesenchymal Tumors With NTRK, BRAF, RAF1, or RET Fusions. Mod Pathol 2023; 36:100083. [PMID: 36788089 PMCID: PMC10373933 DOI: 10.1016/j.modpat.2022.100083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) fusions define infantile fibrosarcomas in young children and NTRK-rearranged spindle-cell tumors in older children and adults, which share characteristic spindle-cell histology and CD34 or S100 protein expression. Similar phenotypes were identified in tumors with BRAF, RAF1, or RET fusions, suggesting a unifying concept of "spindle-cell tumors with kinase gene fusions." In this study, we investigated CD30 expression in 38 mesenchymal tumors with kinase gene fusions using immunohistochemistry. CD30 was expressed in 15 of 22 NTRK-rearranged tumors and 12 of 16 tumors with BRAF, RAF1, or RET fusions. In total, CD30 was expressed in 27 of the 38 tumors (71%), with >50% CD30-positive cells in 21 tumors and predominantly moderate or strong staining in 24 tumors. CD34 and S100 protein were also expressed in 71% and 69% of the tumors, respectively. In contrast, CD30 was significantly less frequently expressed in other mesenchymal tumor types that histologically mimic kinase fusion-positive tumors (9 of 150 tumors, 6%), of which none showed >50% or predominantly strong staining. Among these mimicking tumors, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors occasionally (30%) expressed CD30, albeit in a weak focal manner in most positive cases. CD30 was also expressed in 3 of 15 separately analyzed ALK- or ROS1-positive inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors. Frequent expression of CD30 enhances the shared phenotype of spindle-cell tumors with NTRK and other kinase gene fusions, and its sensitivity seems similar to that of CD34 and S100 protein. Although moderate sensitivity hampers its use as a screening tool, CD30 expression could be valuable to rapidly identify high-yield candidates for molecular workup, particularly in communities that lack routine genetic analysis and/or for tumors with BRAF, RAF1, or RET fusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Kojima
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taisuke Mori
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Molecular Pathology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toru Motoi
- Department of Pathology, Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eisuke Kobayashi
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Rare Cancer Center, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yoshida
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Yatabe
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Molecular Pathology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ichikawa
- Department of Clinical Genomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Kawai
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Rare Cancer Center, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kan Yonemori
- Rare Cancer Center, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Cristina R Antonescu
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Akihiko Yoshida
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Rare Cancer Center, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
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Kim YW, Kang J, Kim A. Hematopoietic/erythroid enhancers activate nearby target genes by extending histone H3K27ac and transcribing intergenic RNA. FASEB J 2023; 37:e22870. [PMID: 36929052 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201891r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Enhancers activate gene transcription remotely, which requires tissue specific transcription factors binding to them. GATA1 and TAL1 are hematopoietic/erythroid-specific factors and often bind together to enhancers, activating target genes. Interestingly, we found that some hematopoietic/erythroid genes are transcribed in a GATA1-dependent but TAL1-independnet manner. They appear to have enhancers within a relatively short distance. In this study, we paired highly transcribed hematopoietic/erythroid genes with the nearest GATA1/TAL1-binding enhancers and analyzed these putative enhancer-gene pairs depending on distance between them. Enhancers located at various distances from genes in the pairs, which was not related to transcription level of the genes. However, genes with enhancers at short distances away tended to be transcriptionally unaffected by TAL1 depletion. Histone H3K27ac extended from the enhancers to target genes. The H3K27ac extension was maintained without TAL1, even though it disappeared owing to the loss of GATA1. Intergenic RNA was highly transcribed from the enhancers to nearby target genes, independent of TAL1. Taken together, TAL1-independent transcription of hematopoietic/erythroid genes appears to be promoted by enhancers present in a short distance. These enhancers are likely to activate nearby target genes by tracking the intervening regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yea Woon Kim
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Healthcare Medical Science and Engineering, Inje University, Gimhae, South Korea
| | - Jin Kang
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - AeRi Kim
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
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245
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Liang X, Aranyi T, Zhou J, Guan Y, Hu H, Liu H, Susztak K. Tet2- and Tet3- Mediated Cytosine Hydroxymethylation in Six2 Progenitor Cells in Mice Is Critical for Nephron Progenitor Differentiation and Nephron Endowment. J Am Soc Nephrol 2023; 34:572-589. [PMID: 36522157 PMCID: PMC10103262 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2022040460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Epigenetic changes have been proposed to mediate nephron endowment during development, a critical determinant of future renal disease development. Hydroxymethyl cytosine, an epigenetic modification important for gene regulation, is abundant in the human kidney, but its physiologic role and the role of DNA demethylase enzymes encoded by the Tet1 , Tet2 , or Tet3 , which mediate cytosine hydroxymethylation, are unclear. By genetically deleting Tet1 , Tet2 , or Tet3 in nephron progenitors in mice, the authors showed that combined Tet2 and Tet3 loss in nephron progenitors cause defective kidney development, leading to kidney failure and perinatal death. Tet2 and Tet3 deletion also caused an alteration in demethylation and expression of genes critical for nephron formation. These findings establish that Tet2- and Tet3 -mediated cytosine hydroxymethylation in nephron progenitors plays a critical role in nephron endowment. BACKGROUND Nephron endowment is a key determinant of hypertension and renal disease in later life. Epigenetic changes have been proposed to mediate fetal programming and nephron number. DNA cytosine methylation, which plays a critical role in gene regulation, is affected by proteins encoded by the ten-eleven translocation (TET) DNA demethylase gene family ( Tet1 , Tet2 , and Tet3 ), but the roles of TET proteins in kidney development and nephron endowment have not been characterized . METHODS To study whether epigenetic changes-specifically, active DNA hydroxymethylation mediated by Tet1 , Tet2 , and Tet3- are necessary for nephron progenitor differentiation and nephron endowment, we generated mice with deletion of Tet1 , Tet2 , or Tet3 in Six2-positive nephron progenitors cells (NPCs). We then performed unbiased omics profiling, including whole-genome bisulfite sequencing on isolated Six2-positive NPCs and single-cell RNA sequencing on kidneys from newborn mice. RESULTS We did not observe changes in kidney development or function in mice with NPC-specific deletion of Tet1 , Tet2 , Tet3 or Tet1 / Tet2 , or Tet1 / Tet3 . On the other hand, mice with combined Tet2 and Tet3 loss in Six2-positive NPCs failed to form nephrons, leading to kidney failure and perinatal death. Tet2 and Tet3 loss in Six2 -positive NPCs resulted in defective mesenchymal to epithelial transition and renal vesicle differentiation. Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing, single-cell RNA sequencing, and gene and protein expression analysis identified a defect in expression in multiple genes, including the WNT- β -catenin signaling pathway, due to a failure in demethylation of these loci in the absence of Tet2 and Tet3 . CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that Tet2- and Tet3 -mediated active cytosine hydroxymethylation in NPCs play a key role in kidney development and nephron endowment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujie Liang
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Tamas Aranyi
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Jianfu Zhou
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Yuting Guan
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hailong Hu
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hongbo Liu
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Katalin Susztak
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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246
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Sahasrabuddhe AA, Elenitoba-Johnson KSJ. TCL1A expression promotes aggressive biology in CLL. Blood 2023; 141:1371-1373. [PMID: 36951882 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022018435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
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247
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van de Beek I, Glykofridis IE, Oosterwijk JC, van den Akker PC, Diercks GFH, Bolling MC, Waisfisz Q, Mensenkamp AR, Balk JA, Zwart R, Postma AV, Meijers-Heijboer HEJ, van Moorselaar RJA, Wolthuis RMF, Houweling AC. PRDM10 directs FLCN expression in a novel disorder overlapping with Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome and familial lipomatosis. Hum Mol Genet 2023; 32:1223-1235. [PMID: 36440963 PMCID: PMC10026250 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome (BHD) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by fibrofolliculomas, pulmonary cysts, pneumothoraces and renal cell carcinomas. Here, we reveal a novel hereditary disorder in a family with skin and mucosal lesions, extensive lipomatosis and renal cell carcinomas. The proband was initially diagnosed with BHD based on the presence of fibrofolliculomas, but no pathogenic germline variant was detected in FLCN, the gene associated with BHD. By whole exome sequencing we identified a heterozygous missense variant (p.(Cys677Tyr)) in a zinc-finger encoding domain of the PRDM10 gene which co-segregated with the phenotype in the family. We show that PRDM10Cys677Tyr loses affinity for a regulatory binding motif in the FLCN promoter, abrogating cellular FLCN mRNA and protein levels. Overexpressing inducible PRDM10Cys677Tyr in renal epithelial cells altered the transcription of multiple genes, showing overlap but also differences with the effects of knocking out FLCN. We propose that PRDM10 controls an extensive gene program and acts as a critical regulator of FLCN gene transcription in human cells. The germline variant PRDM10Cys677Tyr curtails cellular folliculin expression and underlies a distinguishable syndrome characterized by extensive lipomatosis, fibrofolliculomas and renal cell carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irma van de Beek
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Human Genetics, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Iris E Glykofridis
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Human Genetics and Cancer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan C Oosterwijk
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter C van den Akker
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gilles F H Diercks
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maria C Bolling
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Dermatology, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Quinten Waisfisz
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Human Genetics, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arjen R Mensenkamp
- Radboudumc, Department of Human Genetics, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jesper A Balk
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Human Genetics and Cancer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rob Zwart
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Human Genetics, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alex V Postma
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Human Genetics, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hanne E J Meijers-Heijboer
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Human Genetics and Cancer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R Jeroen A van Moorselaar
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Urology and Cancer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rob M F Wolthuis
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Human Genetics and Cancer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arjan C Houweling
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Human Genetics, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Arai Y, Yazawa Y, Torigoe T, Imanishi J, Motoi T, Yasuda M, Tanaka R, Fukushima T, Watanabe A, Ohta A, Shimizu Y, Kadono Y, Saita K. Rare Case of BCOR::CCNB3 Sarcoma of Bone. Am J Case Rep 2023; 24:e938158. [PMID: 36915189 PMCID: PMC10024935 DOI: 10.12659/ajcr.938158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND BCOR CCNB3 sarcoma is a rare mesenchymal tumor that was formerly included in the undifferentiated/unclassified sarcoma group and was recently reclassified as one of undifferentiated small round cell sarcomas with a genetically distinct subtype in the WHO 2020 classification. Because of its rarity, still not much is known, especially about its clinical features. CASE REPORT A 15-year-old boy presented with almost 1-year intermittent thigh pain. On the first visit, a pathologic fracture of the femur and a big mass expanding through the femoral cortex with lobular shape and homogenous appearance were recognized on radiography and magnetic resonance imaging. Plain radiography, which was taken 6 months before at a local clinic, showed an expansion and thickening of the right proximal femoral shaft. Biopsy specimen of the lesion revealed a proliferation of round to spindle tumor cells with diffuse and strong immunohistochemical nuclear positivity for BCOR and CCNB3. Under the diagnosis of BCOR::CCNB3 sarcoma of the femur, a chemotherapy based on a protocol of Ewing sarcoma, followed by a wide resection and total femoral replacement surgery, were conducted. The effect of chemotherapy was favorable, showing no microscopic residual tumor. Although postoperative chemotherapy was not completed because of a minor infection detected on the surgical site, the patient was doing well, without any recurrence, for 26 months. CONCLUSIONS BCOR CCNB3 sarcoma of the bone is a quite rare tumor with much lower incidence than Ewing sarcoma. Notable clinical characteristics of the current case were a 1-year-long symptomatic period and homogenous appearance on MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumi Arai
- Department of Orthopaedic Oncology and Surgery, Saitama Medical UniversityInternational Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yasuo Yazawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Oncology and Surgery, Saitama Medical UniversityInternational Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Symphony Clinic, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, Japan
- Corresponding Author: Yasuo Yazawa, e-mail:
| | - Tomoaki Torigoe
- Department of Orthopaedic Oncology and Surgery, Saitama Medical UniversityInternational Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
| | - Jungo Imanishi
- Department of Orthopaedic Oncology and Surgery, Saitama Medical UniversityInternational Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Teikyo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toru Motoi
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanori Yasuda
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
| | - Ryuhei Tanaka
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takashi Fukushima
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
| | - Atsuko Watanabe
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
| | - Atsuhiko Ohta
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yuki Shimizu
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yuho Kadono
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Saitama Medical University Hospital, Moroyama, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kazuo Saita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Saitama Medical University, Saitama Medical Center, Kawagoe, Saitama, Japan
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Chan LS, Liu J, Li MSC, Li L, Tao Q, Mok TSK. Selenite as a dual apoptotic and ferroptotic agent synergizes with EGFR and KRAS inhibitors with epigenetic interference. Clin Epigenetics 2023; 15:36. [PMID: 36864513 PMCID: PMC9983273 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-023-01454-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selenium, an essential trace element, has previously been investigated as a pro-apoptotic and DNA demethylation agent. It sensitizes the response to chemotherapy in patients who were refractory to cytotoxic agents. Meanwhile, ferroptosis is a novel approach to cancer treatment by triggering cell death and reversing drug resistance. The role of selenium in treating cancer cells harboring druggable oncogenic alterations and its underlying mechanism are largely unknown. RESULTS We treated lung adenocarcinoma cell lines-EGFR-mutant H1975 (H1975 EGFR p.L858R and p.T790M) and KRAS-mutant H358 (H358 KRAS p.G12C), with sodium selenite to examine its effect on cell apoptosis, ferroptosis, and DNA methylation, as well as its interaction with existing targeted therapy, osimertinib, and adagrasib. We observed selenite to be a dual apoptotic and ferroptotic agent on lung cancer cells, associated with the activation of p38-ATF4-DDIT3 axis in the unfolded protein response. Ferroptosis induction was more remarkable in H1975 than H358. Selenite also altered cellular DNA methylation machinery through downregulating DNMT1 and upregulating TET1, though not as a major mechanism of its activity. Low-dose selenite synergized with osimertinib in EGFR-mutant H1975, and with adagrasib in KRAS-mutant H358, with stronger synergism observed in H1975. CONCLUSION These results suggest that selenite is a potential apoptotic and ferroptotic drug candidate for the treatment of especially EGFR- and potentially KRAS-mutant lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lok Seng Chan
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Sir YK Pao Center for Cancer and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Room 315, Sir Yue-Kong Pao Center for Cancer, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Johnson Liu
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Sir YK Pao Center for Cancer and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Room 315, Sir Yue-Kong Pao Center for Cancer, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Molly S C Li
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Sir YK Pao Center for Cancer and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Room 315, Sir Yue-Kong Pao Center for Cancer, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Lili Li
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Sir YK Pao Center for Cancer and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Room 315, Sir Yue-Kong Pao Center for Cancer, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Qian Tao
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Sir YK Pao Center for Cancer and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Room 315, Sir Yue-Kong Pao Center for Cancer, Shatin, Hong Kong.
| | - Tony S K Mok
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Sir YK Pao Center for Cancer and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Room 315, Sir Yue-Kong Pao Center for Cancer, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Provencio M, Ortega AL, Coves-Sarto J, Calvo V, Marsé-Fabregat R, Dómine M, Guirado M, Carcereny E, Fernández N, Álvarez R, Blanco R, León-Mateos L, Sánchez-Torres JM, Sullivan IG, Cobo M, Sánchez-Hernández A, Massuti B, Sierra-Rodero B, Mártinez-Toledo C, Serna-Blasco R, Romero A, Cruz-Bermúdez A. Atezolizumab Plus Bevacizumab as First-line Treatment for Patients With Metastatic Nonsquamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer With High Tumor Mutation Burden: A Nonrandomized Controlled Trial. JAMA Oncol 2023; 9:344-353. [PMID: 36520426 PMCID: PMC9856905 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2022.5959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Importance Antiangiogenic drug combinations with anti-programmed cell death 1 protein and anti-programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) agents are a novel treatment option for lung cancer. However, survival remains limited, and the activity of these combinations for tumors with high tumor mutation burden (TMB) is unknown. Objective To assess the clinical benefits and safety of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab for patients with high-TMB advanced nonsquamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Design, Setting, and Participants This multicenter, single-arm, open-label, phase 2 nonrandomized controlled trial (Atezolizumab Plus Bevacizumab in First-Line NSCLC Patients [TELMA]) included treatment-naive patients aged 18 years or older with confirmed stage IIIB-IV nonsquamous NSCLC with TMB of 10 or more mutations/megabase and no EGFR, ALK, STK11, MDM2, or ROS1 alterations. From May 2019 through January 2021, patients were assessed at 13 sites in Spain, with follow-up until February 28, 2022. Interventions Participants were given atezolizumab, 1200 mg, plus bevacizumab, 15 mg/kg, on day 1 of each 21-day cycle. Treatment was continued until documented disease progression, unacceptable toxic effects, patient withdrawal, investigator decision, or death. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary end point was 12-month progression-free survival (PFS) rate (according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours, version 1.1 criteria); PFS was defined as the time from enrollment to disease progression or death. Adverse events were monitored according to the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, version 4.0. Results A total of 307 patients were assessed for trial eligibility, of whom 266 were ineligible for enrollment. Of the 41 patients enrolled, 3 did not fulfill all inclusion criteria and were excluded. The remaining 38 patients (28 [73.7%] male; mean [SD] age, 63.7 [8.3] years) constituted the per-protocol population. The 12-month PFS rate was 51.3% (95% CI, 34.2%-66.0%), which met the primary end point. The 12-month overall survival (OS) rate was 72.0% (95% CI, 54.1%-83.9%). The median PFS was 13.0 months (95% CI, 7.9-18.0 months), and the median OS was not reached. Of the 38 patients, 16 (42.1%) achieved an objective response and 30 (78.9%) achieved disease control. The median time to response was 2.8 months (IQR, 2.8-3.58 months), with a median duration of response of 11.7 months (range, 3.57-22.4 months; the response was ongoing at cutoff). Of 16 responses, 8 (50.0%) were ongoing. Most adverse events were grade 1 or 2. For atezolizumab, the most common adverse events were fatigue (6 [15.8%]) and pruritus (6 [15.8%]). For bevacizumab, they were hypertension (10 [26.3%]) and proteinuria (4 [10.5%]). Drug discontinuation occurred in 2 patients receiving atezolizumab (5.3%) and 3 patients receiving bevacizumab (7.9%). PD-L1 levels were not associated with response, PFS, or OS. Conclusions and Relevance These findings suggest that atezolizumab with bevacizumab is a potential treatment for high-TMB nonsquamous NSCLC. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03836066.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariano Provencio
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Laura Ortega
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Juan Coves-Sarto
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitari Son Llàtzer, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Virginia Calvo
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Marsé-Fabregat
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Manuel Dómine
- Cancer Research Area, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Guirado
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital General Universitario de Elche General de Elche, Elche, Spain
| | - Enric Carcereny
- Medical Oncology Department, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona Applied Research Group in Oncology, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Badalona, Spain
| | - Natalia Fernández
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, Lugo, Spain
| | | | | | - Luis León-Mateos
- Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | | | - Manuel Cobo
- Hospital Universitario Regional de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | | | - Bartomeu Massuti
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital General Universitario de Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - Belen Sierra-Rodero
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Roberto Serna-Blasco
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Atocha Romero
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Cruz-Bermúdez
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
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