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Mu L, Fang L, Wang H, Chen L, Yang Y, Qu XJ, Wang CY, Yuan Y, Wang SB, Wang YN. Exploring Northwest China's agricultural water-saving strategy: analysis of water use efficiency based on an SE-DEA model conducted in Xi'an, Shaanxi Province. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2016; 74:1106-1115. [PMID: 27642830 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2016.286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide, water scarcity threatens delivery of water to urban centers. Increasing water use efficiency (WUE) is often recommended to reduce water demand, especially in water-scarce areas. In this paper, agricultural water use efficiency (AWUE) is examined using the super-efficient data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach in Xi'an in Northwest China at a temporal and spatial level. The grey systems analysis technique was then adopted to identify the factors that influenced the efficiency differentials under the shortage of water resources. From the perspective of temporal scales, the AWUE increased year by year during 2004-2012, and the highest (2.05) was obtained in 2009. Additionally, the AWUE was the best in the urban area at the spatial scale. Moreover, the key influencing factors of the AWUE are the financial situations and agricultural water-saving technology. Finally, we identified several knowledge gaps and proposed water-saving strategies for increasing AWUE and reducing its water demand by: (1) improving irrigation practices (timing and amounts) based on compatible water-saving techniques; (2) maximizing regional WUE by managing water resources and allocation at regional scales as well as enhancing coordination among Chinese water governance institutes.
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Liu F, Wang YH, Gao HY, Wang CY, Zhou ZL, Cai XY, Wang XX, Zhang ZS, Wang KB. Construction and characterization of a bacterial artificial chromosome library for the allotetraploid Gossypium tomentosum. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2015; 14:16975-80. [PMID: 26681044 DOI: 10.4238/2015.december.15.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Gossypium tomentosum is a wild allotetraploid species with the (AD)5 genome. It is characterized by many useful traits including finer fiber fineness, drought tolerance, and Fusarium and Verticillium resistance. We constructed the first bacterial artificial chromosome library for Gossypium tomentosum. With high quality and broad coverage, this library includes 200,832 clones, with an average insert size of about 122 kb and fewer than 3% empty clones. Our library is approximately 10-fold the size of the (AD)5-genome (2400 Mb) and provides a 99.7% probability of isolating genes of interest or their sequences. Seven of eight simple sequence repeats markers that are located on five different chromosomes and linked with resistance to Verticillium wilt could amplify the 50 superpools and obtained one to five hits. This high capacity library will be an important genomic resource for classifying and analyzing the evolution of allotetraploid cotton species as well as for isolating disease-resistance and drought-tolerance genes.
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103
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Liu F, Zhou ZL, Wang CY, Wang YH, Cai XY, Wang XX, Zhang ZS, Wang KB. Genetic diversity and relationship analysis of Gossypium arboreum accessions. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2015; 14:14522-9. [PMID: 26600511 DOI: 10.4238/2015.november.18.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Simple sequence repeat techniques were used to identify the genetic diversity of 101 Gossypium arboreum accessions collected from India, Vietnam, and the southwest of China (Guizhou, Guangxi, and Yunnan provinces). Twenty-six pairs of SSR primers produced a total of 103 polymorphic loci with an average of 3.96 polymorphic loci per primer. The average of the effective number of alleles, Nei's gene diversity, and Shannon's information index were 0.59, 0.2835, and 0.4361, respectively. The diversity varied among different geographic regions. The result of principal component analysis was consistent with that of unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean clustering analysis. The 101 G. arboreum accessions were clustered into 2 groups.
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Cai XY, Liu F, Zhou ZL, Wang XX, Wang CY, Wang YH, Wang KB. Characterization and development of chloroplast microsatellite markers for Gossypium hirsutum, and cross-species amplification in other Gossypium species. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2015; 14:11924-32. [PMID: 26505340 DOI: 10.4238/2015.october.5.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Cotton is an important economic crop worldwide; its fiber, commonly known as cotton lint, is the main natural source for the textile industry. Sixty chloroplast microsatellites were identified and characterized from the complete sequence of the Gossypium hirsutum chloroplast genome using a bioinformatic approach. Twenty chloroplast microsatellite loci were polymorphic in the 66 Gossypium germplasm accessions. A total of 85 alleles were detected, with allele numbers varying from 2-7 per locus. Polymorphism information content varied from 0.02-0.66, with a mean of 0.48. Additionally, transferability of the 20 polymorphic chloroplast microsatellite primers was evaluated in other 31 Gossypium species. Sixteen markers were successfully amplified across all species tested, while the remaining 4 markers cross-amplified in most species tested. These polymorphic chloroplast microsatellite markers may be useful tool for studies of individual identification, genetic diversity, evolution, conservation genetics, and molecular breeding in Gossypium.
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Wu YY, Zhao JM, Liu Q, Guo Q, Liu Z, Wang XX, Wang CY, Li RY, Zhang YZ, Zhang ST. miR-71b regulation of insulin/IGF-1 signaling during starvation in planarians. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2015; 14:11905-14. [PMID: 26505338 DOI: 10.4238/2015.october.5.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Planarians, which have a large population of stem cells called neoblasts, are molecularly tractable model systems used in the study of regeneration. However, planarians have strong resistance to hunger and have developed growth arrest strategies. For example, they can change their size and undergo growth regression during starvation periods. The results of the current study show that the microRNA, miR-71b, and the insulin/IGF-1 signaling pathway have important functions in the development of starvation-induced planarians. We demonstrate tissue-specific expression of miR-71b using in situ hybridization. By employing real-time polymerase chain reaction, we provide evidence that miR-71b is upregulated in starvation-induced planarians. Furthermore, we validate and verify the target genes of miR-71b.
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Guo ST, Chi MN, Yang RH, Guo XY, Zan LK, Wang CY, Xi YF, Jin L, Croft A, Tseng HY, Yan XG, Farrelly M, Wang FH, Lai F, Wang JF, Li YP, Ackland S, Scott R, Agoulnik IU, Hondermarck H, Thorne RF, Liu T, Zhang XD, Jiang CC. INPP4B is an oncogenic regulator in human colon cancer. Oncogene 2015; 35:3049-61. [PMID: 26411369 PMCID: PMC4908438 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Inositol polyphosphate 4-phosphatase type II (INPP4B) negatively regulates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling and is a tumor suppressor in some types of cancers. However, we have found that it is frequently upregulated in human colon cancer cells. Here we show that silencing of INPP4B blocks activation of Akt and serum- and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 3 (SGK3), inhibits colon cancer cell proliferation and retards colon cancer xenograft growth. Conversely, overexpression of INPP4B increases proliferation and triggers anchorage-independent growth of normal colon epithelial cells. Moreover, we demonstrate that the effect of INPP4B on Akt and SGK3 is associated with inactivation of phosphate and tensin homolog through its protein phosphatase activity and that the increase in INPP4B is due to Ets-1-mediated transcriptional upregulation in colon cancer cells. Collectively, these results suggest that INPP4B may function as an oncogenic driver in colon cancer, with potential implications for targeting INPP4B as a novel approach to treat this disease.
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107
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Sukcharanjit S, Tan ASB, Loo AVP, Chan XL, Wang CY. The effect of a forced-air warming blanket on patients' end-tidal and transcutaneous carbon dioxide partial pressures during eye surgery under local anaesthesia: a single-blind, randomised controlled trial. Anaesthesia 2015; 70:1390-4. [PMID: 26348782 DOI: 10.1111/anae.13212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Surgical drapes used during eye surgery are impermeable to air and hence risk trapping air underneath them. We investigated the effect of a forced-air warming blanket on carbon dioxide accumulation under the drapes in patients undergoing eye surgery under local anaesthesia without sedation. Forty patients of ASA physical status 1 and 2 were randomly assigned to either the forced-air warmer (n = 20) or a control heated overblanket (n = 20). All patients were given 1 l.min(-1) oxygen. We measured transcutaneous and end-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressures, heart rate, arterial pressure, respiratory rate, temperature and oxygen saturation before and after draping, then every 5 min thereafter for 30 min. The mean (SD) transcutaneous carbon dioxide partial pressure in the forced-air warming group stayed constant after draping at 5.7 (0.2) kPa but rose to a maximum of 6.4 (0.4) kPa in the heated overblanket group (p = 0.0001 for the difference at time points 15 min and later). We conclude that forced-air warming reduces carbon dioxide accumulation under the drapes in patients undergoing eye surgery under local anaesthesia.
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108
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Ho SJ, Wang CY, Luo YM. GC-MS analysis of two types of mixed oils, a comparison of composition and weathering patterns. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2015; 96:271-278. [PMID: 25982414 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Revised: 04/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In order to compare the effects of weathering on two types of mixed oil, simulated weathering experiments were performed. The first sample was a mixture of two fresh oils and the second sample was a mixture of one fresh oil and another oil sample that had undergone a serious weathering process. Comparative studies evaluated decay rates and changes in diagnostic ratios of some fingerprinting biomarkers. Results showed that the mixing process affected the weathering rate of some compounds in the oils and also that certain diagnostic ratios are more suitable for estimating mixing proportions. A Pr/n-C17 versus Ph/n-C18 plot can be used to identify the end-numbers of mixed oils and the (C13+C14)/(C25+C26) ratio is a useful diagnostic ratio to detect the degree of weathering. Finally, hopane, sterane, and alkylated PAH fingerprints were found to give useful insights about the sources of the mixed oils.
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Xu R, Duan SR, Zhao JW, Wang CY. Changes in expression of BDNF and its receptors TrkB and p75NTR in the hippocampus of a dog model of chronic alcoholism and abstinence. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 48:703-10. [PMID: 26108098 PMCID: PMC4541689 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20154412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Chronic ethanol consumption can produce learning and memory deficits. Brain-derived
neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptors affect the pathogenesis of alcoholism.
In this study, we examined the expression of BDNF, tropomyosin receptor kinase B
(TrkB) and p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) in the hippocampus of a dog model of
chronic alcoholism and abstinence. Twenty domestic dogs (9-10 months old, 15-20 kg;
10 males and 10 females) were obtained from Harbin Medical University. A stable
alcoholism model was established through ad libitum feeding, and
anti-alcohol drug treatment (Zhong Yao Jie Jiu Ling, the main ingredient was the
stems of watermelon; developed in our laboratory), at low- and high-doses, was
carried out. The Zhong Yao Jie Jiu Ling was effective for the alcoholism in dogs. The
morphology of hippocampal neurons was evaluated using hematoxylin-eosin staining. The
number and morphological features of BDNF, TrkB and p75NTR-positive neurons in the
dentate gyrus (DG), and the CA1, CA3 and CA4 regions of the hippocampus were observed
using immunohistochemistry. One-way ANOVA was used to determine differences in BDNF,
TrkB and p75NTR expression. BDNF, TrkB and p75NTR-positive cells were mainly
localized in the granular cell layer of the DG and in the pyramidal cell layer of the
CA1, CA3 and CA4 regions (DG>CA1>CA3>CA4). Expression levels of both BDNF
and TrkB were decreased in chronic alcoholism, and increased after abstinence. The
CA4 region appeared to show the greatest differences. Changes in p75NTR expression
were the opposite of those of BDNF and TrkB, with the greatest differences observed
in the DG and CA4 regions.
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110
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Wang CY, Zhang J, Gui ZZ. Acetobacter bacteria are found in Zhenjiang vinegar grains. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2015; 14:5054-64. [PMID: 26125697 DOI: 10.4238/2015.may.12.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Zhenjiang vinegar, the grains of which contain a unique microbial flora, is one of the four famous traditional Chinese vinegars. We investigated the components of Zhenjiang vinegar grains. Unique acetic acid bacteria were randomly isolated from Zhenjiang vinegar grains, and the obtained strains were qualitatively analyzed to compare their capacities for acetate decomposition and acid production. Acetic acid bacteria with a high acid-producing rate were identified by 16S rDNA sequencing, and further confirmation was performed using the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool comparison method. Six significant strains of acetic acid bacteria were isolated. Qualitative analysis showed that these strains produced no brown precipitate and had a capacity for acetate decomposition. Based on physiological and biochemical evaluation, the two strains with the highest acid yield were sequenced, and the results identified strain W1 as Acetobacter aceti and strain W6 as A. pasteurianus.
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Zhou Y, Wang GF, Yang L, Liu F, Kang JQ, Wang RL, Gu W, Wang CY. Treatment with 1,25(OH)2D3 induced HDAC2 expression and reduced NF-κB p65 expression in a rat model of OVA-induced asthma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 48:654-64. [PMID: 25923460 PMCID: PMC4512106 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20154271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence indicates that a deficiency of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3
(1,25[OH]2D3) may influence asthma pathogenesis; however,
its roles in regulating specific molecular transcription mechanisms remain unclear.
We aimed to investigate the effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 on the
expression and enzyme activity of histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) and its synergistic
effects with dexamethasone (Dx) in the inhibition of inflammatory cytokine secretion
in a rat asthma model. Healthy Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups:
control, asthma, 1,25(OH)2D3 pretreatment,
1,25(OH)2D3 treatment, Dx treatment, and Dx and
1,25(OH)2D3 treatment. Pulmonary inflammation was induced by
ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization and challenge (OVA/OVA). Inflammatory cells and
cytokines in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and histological changes in lung
tissue were examined. Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65 and HDAC2 expression levels
were assessed with Western blot analyses and quantitative reverse-transcriptase
polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Enzyme activity measurements and
immunohistochemical detection of HDAC2 were also performed. Our data demonstrated
that 1,25(OH)2D3 reduced the airway inflammatory response and
the level of inflammatory cytokines in BAL. Although NF-κB p65 expression was
attenuated in the pretreatment and treatment groups, the expression and enzyme
activity of HDAC2 were increased. In addition, 1,25(OH)2D3 and
Dx had synergistic effects on the suppression of total cell infusion, cytokine
release, and NF-κB p65 expression, and they also increased HDAC2 expression and
activity in OVA/OVA rats. Collectively, our results indicated that
1,25(OH)2D3might be useful as a novel HDAC2 activator in the
treatment of asthma.
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112
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Ji X, Wang J, Ou GJ, Wang CY, Liu Z. HLA-B*58:63, a novel allele identified by sequence-based typing in a Chinese bone marrow voluntary donor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 85:73-5. [PMID: 25597903 DOI: 10.1111/tan.12486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
HLA-B*58:63 differs from HLA-B*58:01:01 by one nucleotide at position 248 resulting in a single amino acid change.
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113
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Wang CY, Hu LL, Guo MZ, Liu XY, Zou Q. imDC: an ensemble learning method for imbalanced classification with miRNA data. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2015; 14:123-33. [PMID: 25729943 DOI: 10.4238/2015.january.15.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Imbalances typically exist in bioinformatics and are also common in other areas. A drawback of traditional machine learning methods is the relatively little attention given to small sample classification. Thus, we developed imDC, which uses an ensemble learning concept in combination with weights and sample misclassification information to effectively classify imbalanced data. Our method showed better results when compared to other algorithms with UCI machine learning datasets and microRNA data.
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114
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Liu SL, Wang CY, Yu T. Influence of the alloying elements Re, Co and W on the propagation of the Ni/Ni3Al interface crack. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra07323e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Re and W have advantages to mitigate the Ni/Ni3Al interface crack propagation at low and high temperatures.
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Wang XF, Hassani D, Cheng ZW, Wang CY, Wu J. Allelopathy of the invasive plant Bidens frondosa on the seed germination of Geum japonicum var. chinense. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2014; 13:10592-8. [PMID: 25511044 DOI: 10.4238/2014.december.12.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Five gradient concentrations (0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, and 0.10 g/mL) of leaching liquors from the roots, stems, and leaves of the invasive plant Bidens frondosa were used as conditioning fluid to examine its influence on seed germination conditions of the native plant Geum japonicum var. chinense in Huangshan. All leaching liquors of organs suppressed the seed germination of Geum japonicum var. chinense and reduced the final germination percentage and rate, and increased the germination inhibition rate, with a bimodal dependence on concentration. The leaching liquor inhibited the seed germination significantly at the concentration of 0.02 g/mL respectively. The seed germination was also inhibited as the concentration reached to 0.04 g/mL and beyond. Hence the allelopathic effects of the organs were significantly enhanced respectively. This phenomenon represented the presence of allelopathy substances in the root, stem and leaf of Bidens frondosa.
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Han X, Yuan YB, Yu X, Zhao JP, Wang CY, Lu Z, Yang FD, Dong H, Wu YF, Ungvari GS, Xiang YT, Chiu HFK. The Chinese First-Episode Schizophrenia Trial: background and study design. East Asian Arch Psychiatry 2014; 24:169-173. [PMID: 25482837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a complex illness with unknown aetiology and pathogenesis. Currently, a considerable number of patients with schizophrenia do not receive standardised and systematic treatment in China. In the past years, many controlled trials have been conducted in chronic schizophrenia. In contrast, research on first-episode schizophrenia is lacking. This paper describes the background and design of the Chinese First-Episode Schizophrenia Trial project--a multicentre, randomised, open-label clinical trial. A total of 600 first-episode schizophrenia patients were randomly divided into 3 groups and treated with risperidone, aripiprazole, and olanzapine for 1 year. During the study period, only 1 medication change of the 3 antipsychotic medications was allowed.
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Liu Q, Wang CY, Liu Z, Ma XS, He YH, Chen SS, Bai XY. Hydroxysafflor yellow A suppresses liver fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride with high-fat diet by regulating PPAR-γ/p38 MAPK signaling. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2014; 52:1085-1093. [PMID: 24618007 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2013.877491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT One approach to protect against liver fibrosis is the use of herb-derived natural compounds, such as hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA). The antifibrosis effect of HYSA against liver fibrosis has been investigated; however, its mechanisms have not yet been entirely revealed. OBJECTIVES To study the protective effects of HSYA on liver fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and a high-fat diet (HFD), and to determine the mechanism of action of HSYA. MATERIALS AND METHODS CCl4 and HFD were used to mimic liver fibrosis in rats, and serum biochemical indicators were determined. The antifibrosis effects of HSYA were evaluated and its mechanisms were investigated by histopathological analysis, immunohistochemical staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, real-time-PCR, and western blotting. RESULTS HSYA reduced CCl4- and HFD-mediated liver fibrosis and ameliorated serum biochemical indicator, downregulated the expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) (0.31 ± 0.03 protein, 0.59 ± 0.02 mRNA) and transformin growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) (0.81 ± 0.02 protein, 0.58 ± 0.04 mRNA), and upregulated the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) (1.57 ± 0.13 protein, 2.48 ± 0.19 mRNA) and matrix metallopeptidases-2 (MMP-2) (2.31 ± 0.16 protein, 2.79 ± 0.22 mRNA) (p < 0.01, versus model group). These effects were significantly attenuated by PPAR-γ antagonist GW9662 via blocking the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION These data demonstrate a novel role for HSYA in inhibiting CCl4- and HFD-mediated liver fibrosis, and reveal that PPAR-γ and p38 MAPK signaling play pivotal roles in the prevention of liver fibrosis induced by CCl4 and HFD.
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Tang MY, Tang IP, Wang CY. Optimal Size AMBU® Laryngeal Mask Airway Among Asian Adult Population. THE MEDICAL JOURNAL OF MALAYSIA 2014; 69:151-155. [PMID: 25500841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM This was a randomized single blinded study to determine optimal size for Ambu®LMA (ALMA) among Malaysian adult population. METHODS One hundred and twenty six non-paralyzed anaesthetized adult patients were block randomized into size 3, 4 and 5 Ambu®LMA. Optimal size is defined primarily by oropharyngeal pressure (OLP). Pharyngeal injury and ease of insertion are also taken into consideration. RESULTS Mean OLP was significantly higher for Size 4 and 5 compared to size 3 (p<0.001) but similar between size 4 and 5. Number of insertion attempts and insertion time were similar between sizes. Size 5 required more manipulations during insertion (p<0.005) and had higher pharyngeal injury (p=0.001) compared to size 3 and 4. DISCUSSION We recommend size 4 ALMA as the optimal size for Malaysian adults in view of the higher OLP compared to size 3, yet less pharyngeal injury than size 5 in spontaneously breathing patients.
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Li JW, Wang XP, Wang CY, Zhu YL, Li FC. Effects of dietary electrolyte balance on growth performance, nitrogen metabolism and some blood biochemical parameters of growing rabbits. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2014; 26:1726-31. [PMID: 25049763 PMCID: PMC4092888 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2013.13241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Revised: 08/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The effects of different dietary electrolyte balance (DEB) on growth performance, nitrogen (N) metabolism and some blood biochemical parameters were investigated in 2 to 3 months old growing rabbits. A total of 150 growing rabbits of 2 months age were randomly divided into five groups according to average body weight, with 30 rabbits in each group. The DEB levels of the five experimental diets were −154, −3.16, +201, +347, and +500 meq/kg of dry matter (DM), respectively. There was a 7-d adaptation period and a 23-d experimental period. The results showed that the DEB levels had a quadratic affect on the average daily feed intake (ADFI) (p<0.001). The greatest ADFI was achieved when the DEB level was +201 meq/kg DM. Fecal N (FN) content linearly decreased (0.047), while digestible N (DN), retained N (RN), efficiency of intake N converted into digestible N (DN/IN) and the efficiency of intake N converted into retained N (RN/IN) linearly increased with the DEB increase (0.020, 0.004, 0.021, and 0.049, respectively). Serum phosphorus (P) ion content linearly increased with the DEB increase (p = 0.036). The DEB had a quadratic relationship with serum anion gap (AG) (p = 0.002) and serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) content (p = 0.016). The DEB levels quadratically affected base excess (BE) in the plasma (p<0.001). In conclusion, the DEB unaffected growth performance but affected feed intake, N metabolism and some blood biochemical parameters of growing rabbits.
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Li RG, Wang XP, Wang CY, Ma MW, Li FC. Growth performance, meat quality and Fatty Acid metabolism response of growing meat rabbits to dietary linoleic Acid. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2014; 25:1169-77. [PMID: 25049677 PMCID: PMC4092988 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2012.12085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2012] [Revised: 05/07/2012] [Accepted: 05/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of different amounts of dietary linoleic acid (LA) on growth performance, serum biochemical traits, meat quality, fatty acids composition of muscle and liver, acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 (CPT 1) mRNA expression in the liver of 9 wks old to 13 wks old growing meat rabbits. One hundred and fifty 9 wks old meat rabbits were allocated to individual cages and randomly divided into five groups. Animals in each group were fed with a diet with the following LA addition concentrations: 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 g/kg diet (as-fed basis) and LA concentrations were 0.84, 1.21, 1.34, 1.61 and 1.80% in the diet, respectively. The results showed as follows: the dietary LA levels significantly affected muscle color of LL included a* and b* of experimental rabbits (p<0.05). The linear effect of LA on serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol was obtained (p = 0.0119). The saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) contents of LL decreased and the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) content of LL increased with dietary LA increase (p<0.0001). The PUFA n-6 content and PUFA n-3 content in the LL was significantly affected by the dietary LA levels (p<0.01, p<0.05). The MUFAs content in the liver decreased and the PUFAs contents in the liver increased with dietary LA increase (p<0.0001). The PUFA n-6 content and the PUFA n-6/n-3 ratio in the liver increased and PUFA n-3 content in the liver decreased with dietary LA increase (p<0.01). The linear effect of LA on CPT 1 mRNA expression in the liver was obtained (p = 0.0081). In summary, dietary LA addition had significant effects on liver and muscle fatty acid composition (increased PUFAs) of 9 wks old to 13 wks old growing meat rabbits, but had little effects on growth performance, meat physical traits and mRNA expression of liver relative enzyme of experimental rabbits.
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OuYang XK, Jin RN, Yang LP, Wen ZS, Yang LY, Wang YG, Wang CY. Partially hydrolyzed bamboo (Phyllostachys heterocycla) as a porous Bioadsorbent for the removal of Pb(II) from aqueous mixtures. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:6007-15. [PMID: 24915463 DOI: 10.1021/jf5015846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
A novel porous succinylated bioadsorbent was prepared by the partial enzymatic hydrolysis of bamboo (Phyllostachys heterocycla) and its subsequent modification with succinic anhydride. Pb(II) removal from solutions that also contained sodium chloride and an amino acid was investigated using the bioadsorbent. Enzymatic hydrolysis increased the number of accessible hydroxyl groups and surface area of the raw bamboo, and created many pores within the material. The porous succinylated bioadsorbent exhibited high efficiency for Pb(II) binding. The sodium chloride content significantly decreased the Pb(II) adsorption capacity, whereas a minor effect was observed in the presence of arginine. The experimental data could be accurately described by a pseudo-second-order kinetics model, and the adsorption proceeded via an ion exchange mechanism. Even in a solution containing sodium chloride and arginine, the maximum adsorption capacity of Pb(II) by the porous succinylated bioadsorbent was 99.5 mg/g at 303 K.
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Hu MH, Zheng QF, Jia XZ, Li Y, Dong YC, Wang CY, Lin QY, Zhang FY, Zhao RB, Xu HW, Zhou JH, Yuan HP, Zhang WH, Ren H. Neuroprotection effect of interleukin (IL)-17 secreted by reactive astrocytes is emerged from a high-level IL-17-containing environment during acute neuroinflammation. Clin Exp Immunol 2014; 175:268-84. [PMID: 24117055 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
An increase in interleukin (IL)-17A-producing cells, particularly at sites of tissue inflammation, is observed frequently, yet the mechanism is not fully understood. This study aims to dissect the role of IL-17 in autoimmunity-mediated neuroinflammation. The cytokine milieu containing elevated IL-17, which often appears in active states of autoimmunity, was mimicked in vitro by a supernatant obtained from rat peripheral blood monocytes stimulated with phorbol mystistate acetate (PMA)/ionomycin. The application of such inflammatory media on only primary cultured cerebellar granule neurones resulted in significant apoptosis, but the presence of astrocytes largely prevented the effect. The supernatants of the stimulated astrocytes, especially those that contained the highest level of IL-17, achieved the best protection, and this effect could be blocked by anti-IL-17 antibodies. Protein IL-17 inhibited intracellular calcium increase and protected the neurones under inflammatory attack from apoptosis. IL-17, but not interferon (IFN)-γ, in the inflammatory media contributed to astrocyte secretion of IL-17, which depended on the Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway activation. The astrocytes that were treated with IL-17 alone or with prolonged treatment of the inflammatory media failed to produce sufficient levels of IL-17. Moreover, confirmatory data were obtained in vivo in a monophasic experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) in Lewis rats; in this preparation, the high-level IL-17-containing the cytokine milieu was demonstrated, along with IL-17 secretion by the resident neural cells. The antagonism of IL-17 at a late stage disturbed the disease resolution and resulted in significant neural apoptosis. Our data show a dynamic role of IL-17 in the maintenance of homeostasis and neuroprotection in active neuroinflammation.
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Shi K, Zhao L, Wang CY. Case report: familial primary open-angle glaucoma: a case report. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2014; 13:3162-4. [PMID: 24782173 DOI: 10.4238/2014.april.17.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a disease that is often inherited, but the rules governing its inheritance are inconclusive. Herein, we report a case of POAG in a Chinese family. A 25-year-old female patient was referred to our department with progressive visual acuity decline in her left eye for the past 3 years. Ophthalmological examination supported our diagnosis of POAG in both eyes. We recorded the case history and clinical data of the proband and her family members and followed standard genetic study procedures. In this family, there were 8 individuals (4 male and 4 female) diagnosed with POAG, 2 of whom died. Genetic analysis revealed that the inheritance pattern of POAG in this family is autosomal dominant.
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Devereaux PJ, Mrkobrada M, Sessler DI, Leslie K, Alonso-Coello P, Kurz A, Villar JC, Sigamani A, Biccard BM, Meyhoff CS, Parlow JL, Guyatt G, Robinson A, Garg AX, Rodseth RN, Botto F, Lurati Buse G, Xavier D, Chan MTV, Tiboni M, Cook D, Kumar PA, Forget P, Malaga G, Fleischmann E, Amir M, Eikelboom J, Mizera R, Torres D, Wang CY, VanHelder T, Paniagua P, Berwanger O, Srinathan S, Graham M, Pasin L, Le Manach Y, Gao P, Pogue J, Whitlock R, Lamy A, Kearon C, Baigent C, Chow C, Pettit S, Chrolavicius S, Yusuf S. Aspirin in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery. N Engl J Med 2014; 370:1494-503. [PMID: 24679062 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1401105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 544] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is substantial variability in the perioperative administration of aspirin in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery, both among patients who are already on an aspirin regimen and among those who are not. METHODS Using a 2-by-2 factorial trial design, we randomly assigned 10,010 patients who were preparing to undergo noncardiac surgery and were at risk for vascular complications to receive aspirin or placebo and clonidine or placebo. The results of the aspirin trial are reported here. The patients were stratified according to whether they had not been taking aspirin before the study (initiation stratum, with 5628 patients) or they were already on an aspirin regimen (continuation stratum, with 4382 patients). Patients started taking aspirin (at a dose of 200 mg) or placebo just before surgery and continued it daily (at a dose of 100 mg) for 30 days in the initiation stratum and for 7 days in the continuation stratum, after which patients resumed their regular aspirin regimen. The primary outcome was a composite of death or nonfatal myocardial infarction at 30 days. RESULTS The primary outcome occurred in 351 of 4998 patients (7.0%) in the aspirin group and in 355 of 5012 patients (7.1%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio in the aspirin group, 0.99; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.86 to 1.15; P=0.92). Major bleeding was more common in the aspirin group than in the placebo group (230 patients [4.6%] vs. 188 patients [3.8%]; hazard ratio, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.01, to 1.49; P=0.04). The primary and secondary outcome results were similar in the two aspirin strata. CONCLUSIONS Administration of aspirin before surgery and throughout the early postsurgical period had no significant effect on the rate of a composite of death or nonfatal myocardial infarction but increased the risk of major bleeding. (Funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and others; POISE-2 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01082874.).
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Devereaux PJ, Sessler DI, Leslie K, Kurz A, Mrkobrada M, Alonso-Coello P, Villar JC, Sigamani A, Biccard BM, Meyhoff CS, Parlow JL, Guyatt G, Robinson A, Garg AX, Rodseth RN, Botto F, Lurati Buse G, Xavier D, Chan MTV, Tiboni M, Cook D, Kumar PA, Forget P, Malaga G, Fleischmann E, Amir M, Eikelboom J, Mizera R, Torres D, Wang CY, Vanhelder T, Paniagua P, Berwanger O, Srinathan S, Graham M, Pasin L, Le Manach Y, Gao P, Pogue J, Whitlock R, Lamy A, Kearon C, Chow C, Pettit S, Chrolavicius S, Yusuf S. Clonidine in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery. N Engl J Med 2014; 370:1504-13. [PMID: 24679061 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1401106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Marked activation of the sympathetic nervous system occurs during and after noncardiac surgery. Low-dose clonidine, which blunts central sympathetic outflow, may prevent perioperative myocardial infarction and death without inducing hemodynamic instability. METHODS We performed a blinded, randomized trial with a 2-by-2 factorial design to allow separate evaluation of low-dose clonidine versus placebo and low-dose aspirin versus placebo in patients with, or at risk for, atherosclerotic disease who were undergoing noncardiac surgery. A total of 10,010 patients at 135 centers in 23 countries were enrolled. For the comparison of clonidine with placebo, patients were randomly assigned to receive clonidine (0.2 mg per day) or placebo just before surgery, with the study drug continued until 72 hours after surgery. The primary outcome was a composite of death or nonfatal myocardial infarction at 30 days. RESULTS Clonidine, as compared with placebo, did not reduce the number of primary-outcome events (367 and 339, respectively; hazard ratio with clonidine, 1.08; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.93 to 1.26; P=0.29). Myocardial infarction occurred in 329 patients (6.6%) assigned to clonidine and in 295 patients (5.9%) assigned to placebo (hazard ratio, 1.11; 95% CI, 0.95 to 1.30; P=0.18). Significantly more patients in the clonidine group than in the placebo group had clinically important hypotension (2385 patients [47.6%] vs. 1854 patients [37.1%]; hazard ratio 1.32; 95% CI, 1.24 to 1.40; P<0.001). Clonidine, as compared with placebo, was associated with an increased rate of nonfatal cardiac arrest (0.3% [16 patients] vs. 0.1% [5 patients]; hazard ratio, 3.20; 95% CI, 1.17 to 8.73; P=0.02). CONCLUSIONS Administration of low-dose clonidine in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery did not reduce the rate of the composite outcome of death or nonfatal myocardial infarction; it did, however, increase the risk of clinically important hypotension and nonfatal cardiac arrest. (Funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and others; POISE-2 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01082874.).
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