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Burns J, Richardson ON. The preparation of carbon-14 and tritium labelled 1-[4-(2-dimethylaminoethoxy) phenyl]-1, 2-diphenyl-1-butene [ICI 46,474, tamoxifen (nolvadex)] and the separation of cis-trans isomers 2. The synthesis of tritium labelled tamoxifen (nolvadex). J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.2580190406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Burns J. Preparation of carbon-14 labelled ethyl 2-(P-chlorophenoxy)-2-methyl propionate (CLofibrate; atromid-S); clofibric acid and clofibric amide. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.2580200207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Burns J, Rutter D. The preparation of carbon-14 and tritium labelled 1-[4-(2-dimethylaminoethoxy)phenyl]-1, 2-diphenyl-1-butene [ICI 46,474, tamoxifen (‘nolvadex’)] and the separation of cis-trans isomers I. The synthesis of carbon-14 labelled tamoxifen (‘nolvadex’). J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.2580190208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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White DF, Burns J. The preparation of 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-[2-14C]thiazol-4-ylacetic acid [I.C.I. 54,450]. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.2580130315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Foreman T, Addy T, Baker S, Burns J, Hill N, Madden T. Prospective studies into the causation of hamstring injuries in sport: A systematic review. Phys Ther Sport 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2006.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Hammond B, Lemen J, Dudek R, Ward D, Jiang C, Nemeth M, Burns J. Results of a 90-day safety assurance study with rats fed grain from corn rootworm-protected corn. Food Chem Toxicol 2006; 44:147-60. [PMID: 16084637 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2005.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2005] [Revised: 06/20/2005] [Accepted: 06/22/2005] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The results of a 90-day rat feeding study with YieldGard (YieldGard Rootworm Corn is a registered trademark of Monsanto Technology, LLC.) Rootworm corn (MON 863) grain that is protected against feeding damage caused by corn rootworm larvae are presented. Corn rootworm-protection was accomplished through the introduction of a cry3Bb1 coding sequence into the corn genome for in planta production of a modified Cry3Bb1 protein from Bacillus thuringiensis. Grain from MON 863 and its near isogenic control were separately formulated into rodent diets at levels of 11% and 33% (w/w) by Purina Mills, Inc. Additionally, six groups of rats were fed diets containing grain from different conventional (non-biotechnology-derived) reference varieties. The responses of rats fed diets containing MON 863 were compared to those of rats fed grain from conventional corn varieties. All diets were nutritionally balanced and conformed to Purina Mills, Inc. specifications for Certified LabDiet 5002. There were a total of 400 rats in the study divided into 10 groups of 20 rats/sex/group. Overall health, body weight gain, food consumption, clinical pathology parameters (hematology, blood chemistry, urinalysis), organ weights, gross and microscopic appearance of tissues were comparable between groups fed diets containing MON 863 and conventional corn varieties. This study complements extensive agronomic, compositional and farm animal feeding studies with MON 863 grain, confirming that it is as safe and nutritious as existing conventional corn varieties.
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Georgiou A, Burns J, McKenzie S, Penn D, Flack J, Harris MF. Monitoring change in diabetes care using diabetes registers--experience from divisions of general practice. AUSTRALIAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN 2006; 35:77-80. [PMID: 16489395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The quality of care for patients with type 2 diabetes has been the subject of a number of government initiatives over the past decade. General practice has an especially important role in diabetes care. METHODS The National Integrated Diabetes Program was introduced in 2001. Changes in the frequency of assessment and the physiological markers of diabetic control were assessed in a cohort of 2731 patients with type 2 diabetes from 16 general practice diabetes registers during 2000-2002. RESULTS Frequency of assessment was better in patients living in low socioeconomic postcodes but did not change significantly over the 3 years. There were improvements in intermediate outcomes (HbA1c, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, lipid levels) over the period. DISCUSSION These data provide a benchmark for improvement in the quality of diabetes care in general practice.
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Murray E, Burns J, See TS, Lai R, Nazareth I. Interactive Health Communication Applications for people with chronic disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2005:CD004274. [PMID: 16235356 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd004274.pub4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 334] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interactive Health Communication Applications (IHCAs) are computer-based, usually web-based, information packages for patients that combine health information with at least one of social support, decision support, or behaviour change support. These are innovations in health care and their effects on health are uncertain. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of IHCAs for people with chronic disease. SEARCH STRATEGY We designed a four-part search strategy. First, we searched electronic bibliographic databases for published work; second, we searched the grey literature; and third, we searched for ongoing and recently completed clinical trials in the appropriate databases. Finally, researchers of included studies were contacted, and reference lists from relevant primary and review articles were followed up. As IHCAs require relatively new technology, the search time period commenced at 1990, where possible, and ran until 31 December 2003. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of IHCAs for adults and children with chronic disease. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS One reviewer screened abstracts for relevance. Two reviewers screened all candidate studies to determine eligibility, apply quality criteria, and extract data from included studies. Authors of included RCTs were contacted for missing data. Results of RCTs were pooled using random-effects model with standardised mean differences (SMDs) for continuous outcomes and odds ratios for binary outcomes; heterogeneity was assessed using the I(2 )statistic. MAIN RESULTS We identified 24 RCTs involving 3739 participants which were included in the review.IHCAs had a significant positive effect on knowledge (SMD 0.46; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.22 to 0.69), social support (SMD 0.35; 95% CI 0.18 to 0.52) and clinical outcomes (SMD 0.18; 95% CI 0.01 to 0.35). Results suggest it is more likely than not that IHCAs have a positive effect on self-efficacy (a person's belief in their capacity to carry out a specific action) (SMD 0.24; 95% CI 0.00 to 0.48). IHCAs had a significant positive effect on continuous behavioural outcomes (SMD 0.20; 95% CI 0.01 to 0.40). Binary behavioural outcomes also showed a positive effect for IHCAs, although this result was not statistically significant (OR 1.66; 95% CI 0.71 to 3.87). It was not possible to determine the effects of IHCAs on emotional or economic outcomes. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS IHCAs appear to have largely positive effects on users, in that users tend to become more knowledgeable, feel better socially supported, and may have improved behavioural and clinical outcomes compared to non-users. There is a need for more high quality studies with large sample sizes to confirm these preliminary findings, to determine the best type and best way to deliver IHCAs, and to establish how IHCAs have their effects for different groups of people with chronic illness.
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Berry M, Burns J, Harris P. 179 The radiation oncology postgraduate curriculum development project of the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists. Radiother Oncol 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(05)80340-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Rothrock * L, Harvey CM, Burns J. A theoretical framework and quantitative architecture to assess team task complexity in dynamic environments. THEORETICAL ISSUES IN ERGONOMICS SCIENCE 2005. [DOI: 10.1080/1463922042000295678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Glen S, Burns J, Bloomfield P. Prevalence and development of additional cardiac abnormalities in 1448 patients with congenital ventricular septal defects. Heart 2004; 90:1321-5. [PMID: 15486133 PMCID: PMC1768539 DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2003.025007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/16/2004] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine by modern echocardiographic techniques the prevalence and development of cardiac abnormalities associated with ventricular septal defect (VSD). METHODS Consecutive patients referred to a tertiary centre for paediatric cardiology and attenders at an adult congenital heart disease clinic had details of clinical outcome prospectively recorded. Patients with VSD in association with conotruncal abnormalities, atrioventricular septal defects, and univentricular heart were not included in the study. RESULTS 1448 patients with VSD were assessed between 1991 and 1998. 1127 (78%) patients had isolated defects; of these 862 (76%) were perimembranous and 265 (24%) were muscular. Of the remainder, 284 (19.6% of the total population) patients had VSD associated with one other significant cardiac abnormality: 35 (2.4%) with two and two (0.1%) with three other abnormalities. The most common associated cardiac abnormalities were infundibular pulmonary stenosis (5.8%), aortic valve prolapse (3.6%), pulmonary valvar stenosis (2.7%), osteum secundum atrial septal defect (2.2%), persistent ductus arteriosus (1.9%), and coarctation of the aorta (1.5%). In the cohort of 743 patients followed up from birth, cumulative mortality was 4% by the age of 8 years and most deaths occurred within the first year of life in infants with associated genetic abnormalities such as trisomy 13 or 18. Of the 594 patients attending the adult congenital clinic with VSD, aortic regurgitation due to aortic root prolapse developed in 45 (7.6%) patients. Most of these cases were detected before the patient was 30 years old. CONCLUSIONS In 22% of patients with congenital VSD there were significant associated cardiac abnormalities. Some of these abnormalities, such as aortic prolapse and regurgitation or infundibular pulmonary stenosis, may develop or progress subsequently and therefore should be sought during the initial assessment and monitored during follow up. Follow up to the age of 30 years allows the detection of most cases of aortic regurgitation. The prognosis from VSD is excellent and the risk of endocarditis in a population informed of the need for antibiotic prophylaxis is small.
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Murray E, Burns J, See TS, Lai R, Nazareth I. Interactive Health Communication Applications for people with chronic disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2004:CD004274. [PMID: 15495094 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd004274.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interactive Health Communication Applications (IHCAs) are computer-based, usually web-based health information packages for patients that combine information with at least one of social support, decision support, or behaviour change support. These are innovations in health care and their effects on health are uncertain. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of IHCAs for people with chronic disease. SEARCH STRATEGY We designed a four-part search strategy. First, we searched electronic bibliographic databases for published work; second, we searched the grey literature and third, we searched for ongoing and recently completed clinical trials in the appropriate databases. Finally, researchers of included studies were contacted, and reference lists from relevant primary and review articles were followed up. As IHCAs require relatively new technology, the search commenced at 1990 where possible. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of Interactive Health Communication Applications for adults and children with chronic disease. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS One reviewer screened abstracts. Two reviewers screened all candidate studies to determine eligibility, apply quality criteria, and extract data from included studies. Authors of included RCTs were contacted for missing data. Results of RCTs were pooled using a random effects model and standardised mean differences (SMDs) were calculated to provide net effect sizes. MAIN RESULTS We screened 24,757 unique citations and retrieved 958 papers for further assessment, yielding 28 RCTs involving 4042 participants. One of these had an inadequate method of concealment of allocation, and sensitivity analyses were performed to determine the effects of including or excluding these data in the meta-analyses. Results in the abstract are from the meta-analyses excluding data from this study.IHCAs were found to have a positive effect on knowledge (SMD 0.49; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.14 to 0.84) and on social support (SMD 0.47; 95% CI 0.28 to 0.66). IHCAs were found to have no effect on self-efficacy (SMD 0.15; 95% CI -0.13 to 0.43) or behavioural outcomes (SMD -0.09; 95% CI -0.49 to 0.32). IHCAs had a negative effect on clinical outcomes (SMD -0.32; 95% CI -0.63 to -0.02). REVIEWERS' CONCLUSIONS The number and range of IHCAs is increasing rapidly; however there is a shortage of high quality evaluative data. Consumers who wish to increase their knowledge or social support amongst people with a similar problem may find an IHCA helpful. However, consumers whose primary aim is to achieve optimal clinical outcomes should not use an IHCA at present. Further research is needed to determine the reason for this negative effect on clinical outcomes, whether an optimal IHCA can achieve behaviour change and improved health outcomes, and if so, what are the essential features of such an IHCA, and the extent to which they differ according to patient group or condition.
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Murray E, Burns J, See TS, Lai R, Nazareth I. Interactive Health Communication Applications for people with chronic disease. THE COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd004274.pub3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Komar N, Burns J, Dean C, Panella NA, Dusza S, Cherry B. Serologic evidence for West Nile virus infection in birds in Staten Island, New York, after an outbreak in 2000. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2003; 1:191-6. [PMID: 12653147 DOI: 10.1089/153036601753552558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
After an outbreak of West Nile virus (WNV) infections in people, horses, and wildlife in Staten Island, NY, during the summer of 2000, we surveyed the bird population of the island for evidence of infection. Neutralizing antibodies were detected in 59 of 257 (23.0%) resident birds and none of 96 transient (migrating) birds sampled in early October. Species with the greatest seroprevalence were northern cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis) (69.2%) and rock dove (Columba livia) (54.5%). House sparrows (Passer domesticus) and chickens (Gallus gallus) had lower than expected seroprevalences, 8.6% and 5.5%, respectively. The geographic distribution of seropositivity suggested focal transmission at several locations on the island. The concentration of seropositive birds among resident bird populations on Staten Island supports the concept that many birds survive WNV infection and that some of these play an important role in the WNV-bird-mosquito transmission cycle.
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Burns J, Job D, Bastin ME, Whalley H, Macgillivray T, Johnstone EC, Lawrie SM. Structural disconnectivity in schizophrenia: a diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging study. Br J Psychiatry 2003; 182:439-43. [PMID: 12724248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is growing evidence that schizophrenia is a disorder of cortical connectivity. Specifically, frontotemporal and frontoparietal connections are thought to be functionally impaired. Diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DT-MRI) is a technique that has the potential to demonstrate structural disconnectivity in schizophrenia. AIMS To investigate the structural integrity of frontotemporal and frontoparietal white matter tracts in schizophrenia. METHOD Thirty patients with DSM-IV schizophrenia and thirty matched control subjects underwent DT-MRI and structural MRI. Fractional anisotropy - an index of the integrity of white matter tracts - was determined in the uncinate fasciculus, the anterior cingulum and the arcuate fasciculus and analysed using voxel-based morphometry. RESULTS There was reduced fractional anisotropy in the left uncinate fasciculus and left arcuate fasciculus in patients with schizophrenia compared with controls. CONCLUSIONS The findings of reduced white matter tract integrity in the left uncinate fasciculus and left arcuate fasciculus suggest that there is frontotemporal and frontoparietal structural disconnectivity in schizophrenia.
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Smith LFF, Bainbridge J, Burns J, Stevens J, Taylor P, Murdoch I. Evaluation of telemedicine for slit lamp examination of the eye following cataract surgery. Br J Ophthalmol 2003; 87:502-3. [PMID: 12642321 PMCID: PMC1771588 DOI: 10.1136/bjo.87.4.502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Abstract
Developments in anti-HIV medication have meant that people with HIV/AIDS are now living longer, with some authors arguing that HIV should now be defined as a manageable rather than terminal illness. However uncertainty about the long-term efficacy of such treatments remains. This research aimed to examine the psychosocial impact of the new treatments and to explore whether, and in what ways, they affect psychological wellbeing. Clients were also asked about their use of services and whether they thought services should be changing in response to new pharmacological treatments. A semi-structured interview schedule was developed to elicit the views of six service users. From multiple readings of the qualitative data generated, prominent themes were identified suggesting that participants had ambivalent feelings about taking antiretroviral combination therapy and that being well with HIV raised a number of difficult issues. Four main themes were revealed: (1) disruptions in daily living: antiretrovirals as intrusions to life, (2) the tablets as a visible marker for HIV infection, (3) tempered optimism and increasing horizons, (4) an uncertain and fragile future: life without benefits and services. The results were discussed in terms of limitations of the current study and suggestions for further research.
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Newhauser WD, Burns J, Smith AR. Dosimetry for ocular proton beam therapy at the Harvard Cyclotron Laboratory based on the ICRU Report 59. Med Phys 2002; 29:1953-61. [PMID: 12349914 DOI: 10.1118/1.1487425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The Massachusetts General Hospital, the Harvard Cyclotron Laboratory (HCL), and the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary have treated almost 3000 patients with ocular disease using high-energy external-beam proton radiation therapy since 1975. The absorbed dose standard for ocular proton therapy beams at HCL was based on a fluence measurement with a Faraday cup (FC). A majority of proton therapy centers worldwide, however, use an absorbed dose standard that is based on an ionization chamber (IC) technique. The ion chamber calibration is deduced from a measurement in a reference 60Co photon field together with a calculated correction factor that takes into account differences in a chamber's response in 60Co and proton fields. In this work, we implemented an ionization chamber-based absolute dosimetry system for the HCL ocular beamline based on the recommendations given in Report 59 by the International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements. Comparative measurements revealed that the FC system yields an absorbed dose to water value that is 1.1% higher than was obtained with the IC system. That difference is small compared with the experimental uncertainties and is clinically insignificant. In June of 1998, we adopted the IC-based method as our standard practice for the ocular beam.
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Chegini N, Kotseos K, Bennett B, Diamond MP, Holmdahl L, Burns J. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-1) and tissue inhibitor of MMP in peritoneal fluids and sera and correlation with peritoneal adhesions. Fertil Steril 2001; 76:1207-11. [PMID: 11730752 DOI: 10.1016/s0015-0282(01)02874-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the presence of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-1) and tissue inhibitor of MMP (TIMP-1) in peritoneal fluid and serum of subjects with and without adhesions. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Academic research centers. PATIENT(S) Sixty-three patients who underwent abdominal/pelvic surgery. INTERVENTION(S) MMP-1, TIMP-1, and MMP-1-TIMP-1 complex content. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) ELISA. RESULT(S) Peritoneal fluids (PF) and sera of subjects with and without peritoneal adhesions contain MMP-1, TIMP-1, and MMP-1-TIMP-1 complex at varying levels with 10- to 100-fold higher TIMP-1 than MMP-1. Compared with serum, PF contains a lower level of MMP-1 in subjects with mild adhesions and without adhesions, higher TIMP-1 in subjects with extensive adhesions, and lower MMP-1-TIMP-1 complex in subjects with moderate adhesions. However, the serum and PF content of MMP-1, TIMP-1, and MMP-1-TIMP-1 complex was not statistically different among subjects with or without adhesions, with the exception of TIMP-1 in PF of subjects with extensive adhesions. MMP1-TIMP-1 ratio indicates that a major portion of MMP-1 is in complex with TIMP-1. There was no age- or gender-dependent difference in MMP-1 and TIMP-1 content in serum or PF. CONCLUSION(S) Despite differences in MMP-1 and TIMP-1 levels in serum and PF of subjects with extensive and moderate adhesions, there is no correlation between MMP-1 and TIMP-1, with the exception of higher TIMP-1 in PF of subjects with extensive adhesions.
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Burns J, Gardner PT, Matthews D, Duthie GG, Lean ME, Crozier A. Extraction of phenolics and changes in antioxidant activity of red wines during vinification. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2001; 49:5797-5808. [PMID: 11743766 DOI: 10.1021/jf010682p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The moderate consumption of alcoholic beverages has been associated with protection against the development of coronary heart disease. Although alcohol itself can help prevent coronary heart disease through a number of mechanisms, red wine appears to offer protection above and beyond that attributable to alcohol alone. Red wine is a complex fluid containing grape, yeast, and wood-derived phenolic compounds, the majority of which have been recognized as potent antioxidants. The aim of this study was to investigate the major phenolic contributors to the antioxidant activity of wine. To this end, four wines were followed during the first 7-9 days of vinification. Individual phenolic compounds were quantified by HPLC, and antioxidant activity was determined by electron spin resonance spectroscopy. The extraction of the phenolics was found to be influenced by vinification procedure, grape quality, and grape variety. Although fermenting wines reached a total phenolic content comparable to that of a bottled wine after 9 days of vinification, the antioxidant activity was significantly lower than that of a finished wine. This suggests that the larger polyphenolic complexes and condensation products that appear during aging make a sizable contribution to the overall antioxidant activity of red wines.
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Chegini N, Kotseos K, Zhao Y, Ma C, McLean F, Diamond MP, Holmdahl L, Burns J. Expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-1) and tissue inhibitor of MMP in serosal tissue of intraperitoneal organs and adhesions. Fertil Steril 2001; 76:1212-9. [PMID: 11730753 DOI: 10.1016/s0015-0282(01)02875-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-1) and tissue inhibitor of MMP (TIMP-1) in serosal tissue of intraperitoneal organs and adhesions. DESIGN Prospective and cross-sectional study. SETTING Academic research centers. PATIENT(S) Patients undergoing abdominal or pelvic surgery. INTERVENTION(S) MMP-1 and TIMP-1 expression. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Expression of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and protein was measured by using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULT(S) Serosal tissue of intraperitoneal organs and adhesions express MMP-1 and TIMP-1 mRNA and protein at levels that are consistently varied with 10- to 10,000-fold and 2- to 10-fold higher TIMP, mRNA and protein, respectively. Parietal peritoneum, fallopian tubes and ovaries express higher MMP-1 mRNA levels compared with uterus and adhesions; the lowest expression is found in small and large bowels, subcutaneous tissue. and omentum. Expression of TIMP-1 mRNA was less variable; the highest level was found in the uterus and the lowest in subcutaneous tissue and small bowels. There was less variability in MMP-1 and TIMP-1 protein content than mRNA expression; ovaries and adhesions contained the highest MMP-1 and TIMP-1 levels, respectively, and peritoneum contained the lowest. The MMP-1 and TIMP-1 content and ratios further indicate limited MMP-1 proteolytic activity. Although tissues from premenopausal women express more MMP-1 and TIMP-1, expression did not differ by sex or age. CONCLUSION(S) Because MMP-1 and TIMP-1 expression varies consistently among the serosal tissues of peritoneal organs and adhesions, and because tissue injury alters their expression, site-specific variations in expression of these substances may predispose a particular organ to develop more adhesions.
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King L, Burns J. Prevention and management of pneumococcal disease. Nurs Stand 2001; 16:49-54; quiz 54-6. [PMID: 11974810 DOI: 10.7748/ns2001.11.16.9.49.c3118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Pneumococcal pneumonia is associated with high mortality in immunocompromised and older people. The authors discuss the role nurses have in increasing awareness of vaccination and use of preventive interventions to target at-risk patients.
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Lean ME, Burns J. [Pharmacological and nuritional attempts to correct oxidative stress]. JOURNEES ANNUELLES DE DIABETOLOGIE DE L'HOTEL-DIEU 2001:87-96. [PMID: 11565472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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Burns J, Beckel M. Saving cash with compliance. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH & SAFETY (WACO, TEX.) 2001; 70:180-2. [PMID: 11582698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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Mirza I, Garzón R, Burns J, Edwards L, Fernandez-Cymering C, Kloss R. Myelodysplastic syndromes: a community hospital-based study of prognostic factors and International Prognostic Scoring System. CONNECTICUT MEDICINE 2001; 65:455-63. [PMID: 11550445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Various prognostic factors and the International Prognosis Scoring System (IPSS) were assessed in our community hospital-based retrospective study of 55 cases of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). All cases were reviewed for clinical, hematologic, histopathologic, and cytogenetic data. The median follow-up was 1.61 years. Twenty patients (36%) were classified as refractory anemia (RA); seven (13%) as refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts (RARS); 13 (24%) as chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML); 11 (20%) as refractory anemia with excess blasts (RAEB); and four (7%) as refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation (RAEB-t). Twenty-seven (49%) died during the follow-up period, seven with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). The median survival was 2.8 years. The variables that showed association with survival by univariate analysis included the absolute neutrophil count, French-American-British (FAB) subtype, percentage of blasts, number of cytopenias, abnormal localization of immature precursors, and IPSS score. When entered into a regression model, IPSS showed a trend towards an association with survival (P 0.09). We conclude that the IPSS can prognostically stratify MDS patients. However, no independent prognostic factor was confirmed in our analysis. Further studies are needed to assess the utility of IPSS.
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