101
|
Hughes J, Ul Qamar MF, Shah K, Salisbury A. Trainee Oncologists Experience of Flexible Nasal Endoscopy in the Head and Neck Clinic. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2015; 27:751. [PMID: 26344357 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
102
|
Ndjeka N, Conradie F, Schnippel K, Hughes J, Bantubani N, Ferreira H, Maartens G, Mametja D, Meintjes G, Padanilam X, Variava E, Pym A, Pillay Y. Treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis with bedaquiline in a high HIV prevalence setting: an interim cohort analysis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2015; 19:979-85. [DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.14.0944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
|
103
|
Kelly F, Cook T, Boniface N, Hughes J, Seller C, Simpson T. Videolaryngoscopes confer benefits in human factors in addition to technical skills. Br J Anaesth 2015; 115:132-3. [DOI: 10.1093/bja/aev188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
104
|
Justman J, Befus M, Hughes J, Wang J, Golin CE, Adimora AA, Kuo I, Haley DF, Del Rio C, El-Sadr WM, Rompalo A, Mannheimer S, Soto-Torres L, Hodder S. Sexual Behaviors of US Women at Risk of HIV Acquisition: A Longitudinal Analysis of Findings from HPTN 064. AIDS Behav 2015; 19:1327-37. [PMID: 25626889 PMCID: PMC4506244 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-014-0992-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We describe the sexual behaviors of women at elevated risk of HIV acquisition who reside in areas of high HIV prevalence and poverty in the US. Participants in HPTN 064, a prospective HIV incidence study, provided information about individual sexual behaviors and male sexual partners in the past 6 months at baseline, 6- and 12-months. Independent predictors of consistent or increased temporal patterns for three high-risk sexual behaviors were assessed separately: exchange sex, unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) and concurrent partnerships. The baseline prevalence of each behavior was >30 % among the 2,099 participants, 88 % reported partner(s) with >1 HIV risk characteristic and both individual and partner risk characteristics decreased over time. Less than high school education and food insecurity predicted consistent/increased engagement in exchange sex and UAI, and partner's concurrency predicted participant concurrency. Our results demonstrate how interpersonal and social factors may influence sustained high-risk behavior by individuals and suggest that further study of the economic issues related to HIV risk could inform future prevention interventions.
Collapse
|
105
|
Burden-Teh E, Lam ML, Taibjee SM, Taylor A, Webster S, Dolman S, Jury C, Caruana D, Darne S, Carmichael A, Natarajan S, McPherson T, Moore A, Katugampola R, Kalavala M, Al-Ismail D, Richards L, Jones V, Batul Syed S, Glover M, Hughes J, Anderson E, Hughes B, Helbling I, Murphy R. How are we using systemic drugs to treat psoriasis in children? An insight into current clinical U.K. practice. Br J Dermatol 2015; 173:614-8. [PMID: 25601323 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.13671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
106
|
Bryant RV, Ooi S, Schultz CG, Goess C, Grafton R, Hughes J, Lim A, Bartholomeusz FD, Andrews JM. Low muscle mass and sarcopenia: common and predictive of osteopenia in inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2015; 41:895-906. [PMID: 25753216 DOI: 10.1111/apt.13156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Revised: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Body composition is poorly studied in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Sarcopenia describes a loss of muscle mass and strength. AIM To assess the prevalence of low lean mass (LM), sarcopenia and associated morbidity in an adult IBD cohort. METHODS Cross-sectional data were gathered on pre-menopausal 18- to 50-year-old patients with IBD. Whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, anthropometric assessment and grip strength were performed. Low LM was defined as ≥1 s.d. below the population mean for appendicular skeletal muscle index [ASMI (kg)/height (m)²], and sarcopenia as both ASMI and grip strength ≥1 s.d. below population mean. Multivariate regression analyses were performed. RESULTS Of 137 participants (median age 31 years, BMI 24.8 kg/m(2) ), 56% were male and 69% had Crohn's disease (CD). Low LM and sarcopenia were observed in 21% and 12% of patients, respectively, and osteopenia/osteoporosis in 38% of patients (mean lumbar spine t-score -0.3 ± s.d. 1.1). Grip strength predicted low LM and sarcopenia better than did body mass index (BMI) (OR 4.8 vs. OR 0.7 for low-LM, P < 0.05 both). Normal BMI was falsely reassuring in 72% and 76% of patients with low ASMI and sarcopenia, respectively. Low LM and sarcopenia (OR = 3.6, P = 0.03; OR = 6.3, P = 0.02; respectively), but not BMI nor fat mass, predicted osteopenia/osteoporosis. CONCLUSIONS Low lean mass and sarcopenia are common in patients with IBD, and important to recognise as they predict osteopenia/osteoporosis. Grip strength testing should be incorporated into routine clinical practice to detect low lean mass deficits, which may go unrecognised using BMI alone.
Collapse
|
107
|
Pfeiffer C, Hughes J, Lacher D, Cogswell M, Wang C, Johnson C. Estimated Average 24‐h Urine Sodium Excretion in US Children. FASEB J 2015. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.272.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
108
|
Bennett KA, Hughes J, Stamatas S, Brand S, Foster NL, Moss SEW, Pomeroy PP. Adiponectin and Insulin in Gray Seals during Suckling and Fasting: Relationship with Nutritional State and Body Mass during Nursing in Mothers and Pups. Physiol Biochem Zool 2015; 88:295-310. [PMID: 25860828 DOI: 10.1086/680862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Animals that fast during breeding and/or development, such as phocids, must regulate energy balance carefully to maximize reproductive fitness and survival probability. Adiponectin, produced by adipose tissue, contributes to metabolic regulation by modulating sensitivity to insulin, increasing fatty acid oxidation by liver and muscle, and promoting adipogenesis and lipid storage in fat tissue. We tested the hypotheses that (1) circulating adiponectin, insulin, or relative adiponectin gene expression is related to nutritional state, body mass, and mass gain in wild gray seal pups; (2) plasma adiponectin or insulin is related to maternal lactation duration, body mass, percentage milk fat, or free fatty acid (FFA) concentration; and (3) plasma adiponectin and insulin are correlated with circulating FFA in females and pups. In pups, plasma adiponectin decreased during suckling (linear mixed-effects model [LME]: T = 4.49; P < 0.001) and the early postweaning fast (LME: T = 3.39; P = 0.004). In contrast, their blubber adiponectin gene expression was higher during the early postweaning fast than early in suckling (LME: T = 2.11; P = 0.046). Insulin levels were significantly higher in early (LME: T = 3.52; P = 0.004) and late (LME: T = 6.99; P < 0.001) suckling than in fasting and, given the effect of nutritional state, were also positively related to body mass (LME: T = 3.58; P = 0.004). Adiponectin and insulin levels did not change during lactation and were unrelated to milk FFA or percentage milk fat in adult females. Our data suggest that adiponectin, in conjunction with insulin, may facilitate fat storage in seals and is likely to be particularly important in the development of blubber reserves in pups.
Collapse
|
109
|
Harris LM, Tunariu N, Messiou C, Hughes J, Wallace T, DeSouza NM, Leach MO, Payne GS. Evaluation of lactate detection using selective multiple quantum coherence in phantoms and brain tumours. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2015; 28:338-43. [PMID: 25586623 PMCID: PMC4681317 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Lactate is a product of glucose metabolism. In tumour tissues, which exhibit enhanced glycolytic metabolism, lactate signals may be elevated, making lactate a potential useful tumour biomarker. Methods of lactate quantitation are complicated because of overlap between the lactate methyl doublet CH3 resonance and a lipid resonance at 1.3 ppm. This study presents the use of a selective homonuclear multiple quantum coherence transfer sequence (SelMQC-CSI), at 1.5 T, to better quantify lactate in the presence of lipids. Work performed on phantoms showed good lactate detection (49%) and lipid suppression (98%) efficiencies. To evaluate the method in the brain, the sequence was tested on a group of 23 patients with treated brain tumours, either glioma (N=20) or secondary metastases in the brain (N=3). Here it was proved to be of use in determining lactate concentrations in vivo. Lactate was clearly seen in SelMQC spectra of glioma, even in the presence of lipids, with high grade glioma (7.3 ± 1.9 mM, mean ± standard deviation) having higher concentrations than low grade glioma (1.9 ± 1.5 mM, p=0.048). Lactate was not seen in secondary metastases in the brain. SelMQC-CSI is shown to be a useful technique for measuring lactate in tumours whose signals are otherwise contaminated by lipid.
Collapse
|
110
|
Latter S, Hopkinson J, Lowson E, Richardson A, Hughes J, Duke S, Anstey S, Bennett M, May C, Smith P, Hughes J. CANCER CARERS MEDICINES MANAGEMENT: A FEASIBILITY TRIAL OF AN EDUCATIONAL INTERVENTION FOR MANAGING END OF LIFE PAIN MEDICATION. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2014-000838.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
111
|
Campbell D, Baqir W, Barrett S, Desai N, Hughes J, Copeland R, Laverty A, Mackintosh J. CP-008 A clinico-ethical framework for multidisciplinary medicines review in nursing homes: a health foundation shine project. Eur J Hosp Pharm 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2015-000639.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
|
112
|
Hughes J, Fattahi N, Van Gompel J, Arani A, Lanzino G, Link M, Meyer F, Erhman R, Huston J. Higher Resolution Magnetic Resonance Elastography for the Evaluation of Intratumoral Heterogeneity in Meningiomas. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1546604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
|
113
|
Lam M, Burden-Teh E, Taibjee S, Taylor A, Webster S, Dolman S, Jury C, Caruana D, Darne S, Carmichael A, Natarajan S, McPherson T, Moore A, Katugampola R, Kalavala M, Al-Ismail D, Richards L, Jones V, Batul Syed S, Glover M, Hughes J, Anderson E, Hughes B, Babakinejad P, Murphy R. A U.K. multicentre audit of the assessment and management of psoriasis in children. Br J Dermatol 2015; 172:789-92. [PMID: 25308153 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.13471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
114
|
Sung C, White AE, Howard NT, Mikkelsen D, Irby J, Leccacorvi R, Vieira R, Oi C, Rice J, Reinke M, Gao C, Ennever P, Porkolab M, Churchill R, Theiler C, Walk J, Hughes J, Hubbard A, Greenwald M. Correlation ECE diagnostic in Alcator C-Mod. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2015. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20158703007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
115
|
Bakir M, Hughes J, Madani G, Sandhu G. Delayed presentation of a large congenital laryngeal cleft in an adult. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2014; 97:e6-8. [PMID: 25519258 DOI: 10.1308/003588414x14055925059156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Laryngeal clefts are rare congenital malformations of the posterior laryngotracheal wall that lead to an abnormal communication between the airway and pharyngo-oesophageal tract. The condition is almost universally identified during infancy with minor laryngeal clefts very rarely diagnosed in adulthood. We present our tertiary centre's experience of a large laryngeal cleft presenting at an advanced age, with the aim of increasing awareness of this correctible cause of respiratory distress and aspiration in adults.
Collapse
|
116
|
Zayegh I, Charrois TL, Hughes J, Hoti K. Antibiotic repeat prescriptions: are patients not re-filling them properly? J Pharm Policy Pract 2014; 7:17. [PMID: 25678982 PMCID: PMC4297444 DOI: 10.1186/s40545-014-0017-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to explore patients’ utilization of repeat prescriptions for antibiotics indicated in upper respiratory tract infections (URTI). An emphasis was placed on whether the current system of repeat prescriptions contributes to patients self-diagnosing infections and if so, identify the common reasons for this. Methods This is a prospective study of self-reported use of repeat antibiotic prescriptions by pharmacy consumers presenting with repeat prescriptions for antibiotics commonly indicated in URTIs. Data were collected via self-completed surveys in Perth metropolitan pharmacies. Results A total of 123 respondents participated in this study from 19 Perth metropolitan pharmacies. Of the respondents, approximately a third of them (33.9%) presented to the pharmacy to fill their antibiotic repeat prescription one month or more from the time the original prescription was written (i.e. time when original diagnosis was made by a doctor). Over two thirds of respondents indicated to not have consulted their doctor prior to presenting to the pharmacy to have their antibiotic repeat prescription dispensed (i.e. 68.3%). The most common reasons for this were that their ‘doctor had told them to take the second course’ (38%), followed by potential self-diagnosis (29%), i.e. ‘they had the same symptoms as the last time they took the antibiotics’. Approximately one third (33.1%) of respondents indicated they ‘were not told what the repeat prescription was needed for’ when they were originally prescribed the antibiotic. Respondents who presented to fill their repeat prescription more than 2 weeks after the original prescription written were more likely not have consulted their doctor (p = 0.006, 95% CI [1.16, 2.01]) and not to know why their repeat was needed (p = 0.010, 95% CI [1.07, 2.18]). Conclusions Findings of this study suggested that the current 12 month validity of antibiotics repeat prescriptions is potentially contributing to patients’ self-diagnosis of URTIs and therefore potential misuse of antibiotics. This may be contributing to the rise of antimicrobial resistance. The study also outlines some common reasons for patients potentially self-diagnosing URTIs when using repeat prescriptions. Larger Australian studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Collapse
|
117
|
Ernawati DK, Lee YP, Hughes J. Indonesian students’ participation in an interprofessional learning workshop. J Interprof Care 2014; 29:398-400. [DOI: 10.3109/13561820.2014.991911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
118
|
Omar M, Crowe A, Yen Tay C, Hughes J. Expressions of P-glycoprotein in treatment - Resistant Helicobacter pylori patients. J Appl Biomed 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2014.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
|
119
|
Barnwell R, Hughes J, Gerhardt R, Graham R. 110 Technology Assessment of Non-Invasive Tissue Perfusion Monitor to Predict Admission in an Emergency Department. Ann Emerg Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2014.07.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
120
|
Cruise SM, Hughes J, Bennett K, Kouvonen A, Kee F. Understanding coronary heart disease-related disability in older adults in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland in 2010/2011. Eur J Public Health 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cku166.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|
121
|
Bandosz P, Aspelund T, Basak P, Bennett K, Bjorck L, Bruthans J, Guzman-Castillo M, Hughes J, Hotchkiss J, Kabir Z, Laatikainen T, Leyland A, O’Flaherty M, Palmieri L, Rosengren A, Bjork R, Vartiainen E, Zdrojewski T, Capewell S, Critchley J. OP72 EUROHEART II - comparing policies to reduce future coronary heart disease mortality in nine European countries: modelling study. Br J Soc Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/jech-2014-204726.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
122
|
Lee K, Emmerton L, Hoti K, Hughes J. Consumers’ Online Health Information-Seeking Behaviors: Potential Implications for Pharmacy Practice. Res Social Adm Pharm 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2014.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
123
|
Boyles TH, Hughes J, Cox V, Burton R, Meintjes G, Mendelson M. False-positive Xpert ® MTB/RIF assays in previously treated patients: need for caution in interpreting results. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2014; 18:876-8. [DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.13.0853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
|
124
|
Sarafrazi N, Hughes J, Borrud L, Burt V, Paulose R. Perception of weight status in children and adolescents: findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005‐2010 (811.3). FASEB J 2014. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.811.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
125
|
Cox H, Hughes J, Daniels J, Azevedo V, McDermid C, Poolman M, Boulle A, Goemaere E, van Cutsem G. Community-based treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis in Khayelitsha, South Africa. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2014; 18:441-8. [DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.13.0742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
|