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Williamson K, Abogunrin F, Stevenson M, O'Sullivan J, Duggan B, Anderson N, O'Rourke D, O'Kane H, Ruddock M, Lamont J. 48LBA Algorithmic classifiers to diagnose bladder cancer. EJC Suppl 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(09)72083-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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102
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O'Neill A, Dunn M, Archer L, Brown K, Simpson B, Robinson J, Irvine D, O'Sullivan J. BREAST AND SUPRA-CLAVICULAR RADIOTHERAPY SET-UP: A PROSPECTIVE AUDIT OF PRACTICE. Radiother Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(12)73196-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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103
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McGarry C, Butterworth K, Prise K, O'Sullivan J, Hounsell A. PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATIONS INTO RADIOBIOLOGICAL EFFECTS FROM INTENSITY-MODULATED RADIATION FIELDS. Radiother Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(12)73244-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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104
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Early S, O'Sullivan J, Hynds S. THE TRANSITION FROM THERAPY RADIOGRAPHER TO CLINICAL RESEARCH RADIOGRAPHER. Radiother Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(12)73001-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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105
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Duffy A, Liew A, O'Sullivan J, Avalos G, Samali A, O'Brien T. Distinct Effects of High-Glucose Conditions on Endothelial Cells of Macrovascular and Microvascular Origins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 13:9-16. [PMID: 16885062 DOI: 10.1080/10623320600659997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies implicate hyperglycemia as an important cause of macrovascular and ocular complications in diabetes mellitus. In this study, the authors examined the effect of high glucose on macrovascular and microvascular endothelial cell viability and apoptosis in culture. Human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) and human retinal endothelial cells (HRECs) were exposed to normal-glucose conditions (NG) and high-glucose conditions (NG supplemented with 25 mM D-glucose) for 72 h in vitro. D-Mannitol was used as an osmotic control. Cell viability was assessed by methlythiazolydiphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, and induction of apoptosis was assessed by Hoechst staining. Statistics were analyzed by paired t tests. In HAECs, cell viability was decreased by 12.9% in high-glucose conditions, and apoptotic cells were significantly increased by 77%. However, in HRECs, cell viability was increased by 14.9% in high-glucose conditions, and apoptotic cells were significantly decreased by 33.3%. Mannitol did not show any effect on cell survival or apoptosis ruling out an osmotic effect. High-glucose conditions reduce cell viability and induce apoptosis in HAECs, which may contribute to macrovascular complications associated with diabetes. In contrast, high-glucose increases viability in HRECs and inhibits apoptosis, which may contribute to the development of diabetic retinopathy.
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106
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Evans J, Politte D, Whiting B, O'Sullivan J, Williamson J. SU-DD-A4-06: Tradeoff Between Noise and Resolution in CT Images - Comparison of Filtered Backprojection and the Penalized Alternating Minimization Algorithm. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3181092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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107
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Evans J, O'Sullivan J, Politte D, Lasio G, Williamson J. TU-D-304A-07: Reconstruction From Experimentally Acquired Transmission CT Sinograms with the Polyenergetic Alternating Minimization Algorithm Using An Equivalent X-Ray Spectrum Estimated From Transmission Measurements. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3182395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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108
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Sheridan J, Wang LM, Tosetto M, Sheahan K, Hyland J, Fennelly D, O'Donoghue D, Mulcahy H, O'Sullivan J. Nuclear oxidative damage correlates with poor survival in colorectal cancer. Br J Cancer 2008; 100:381-8. [PMID: 19066606 PMCID: PMC2634709 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6604821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative DNA damage results from DNA adducts such as 8-oxo-7, 8 dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG), which is a pro-mutagenic lesion. No known association between 8-oxo-dG, disease progression and survival exists in colorectal cancer (CRC). We examined levels of 8-oxo-dG in sporadic CRC to determine its relationship with pathological stage and outcome. A total of 143 CRC patients and 105 non-cancer patients were studied. Nuclear and cytoplasmic 8-oxo-dG was assessed using immunohistochemistry. Double immunofluorescence using 8-oxo-dG and manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) antibodies localised cytoplasmic 8-oxo-dG. Apoptosis was detected using TUNEL. Nuclear staining levels were similar in tumour tissue and matched normal mucosa in both epithelial (P=0.22) and stromal (P=0.85) cells. Epithelial cytoplasmic staining was greater in tumour tissue (P<0.001). Double immunofluorescence localised cytoplasmic 8-oxo-dG to mitochondria. Epithelial and stromal nuclear 8-oxo-dG decreased with local disease spread, but highest levels were found in distant disease (P<0.01). Survival was related to epithelial nuclear and stromal staining in normal mucosa (P<0.001) and tumour (P<0.01) but was unrelated to cytoplasmic staining. Normal control cells in tissue from cancer patients with high levels of 8-oxo-dG failed to undergo cell death. 8-oxo-dG may be an important biomarker of disease risk, progression and survival for CRC patients.
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109
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O'Sullivan J. Hall of Mirrors. West J Med 2008. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.a1716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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110
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Whiting B, Politte D, O'Sullivan J, Williamson J. WE-D-332-05: Propagation of Correlated Noise in CT Reconstruction. Med Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2962758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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111
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Marry JS, Mulcahy H, Fennelly D, O'Sullivan J. Evaluating the effects of monoclonal antibody therapies on pro-angiogenic growth factors in individual human colorectal cancer explants. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.15055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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112
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Roche SL, Burch M, O'Sullivan J, Wallis J, Parry G, Kirk R, Elliot M, Shaw N, Flett J, Hamilton JRL, Hasan A. Multicenter experience of ABO-incompatible pediatric cardiac transplantation. Am J Transplant 2008; 8:208-15. [PMID: 18021280 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2007.02040.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Although ABO blood group incompatible cardiac transplantation in neonates and infants reduces waiting list mortality without compromising outcome, the technique has not been adopted by all centers, and to date Toronto remains the only center to have published results from a large case series. We present a review of ABO-incompatible heart transplantation in the United Kingdom (UK) where current recipient selection criteria differ somewhat from those used in the United States (US) and Canada. Between February 2000 and November 2006, 21 ABO-incompatible cardiac transplants were performed in children aged 2-40 months (median 10.0). Immunosuppression followed standard regimens. Pretransplant donor-specific isohemagglutinins of >1:4, (the UNOS cutoff), were present in five patients and reduced by plasma exchange. After transplantation, 19/21 recipients demonstrated persisting deficiency of donor-specific isohemagglutinins. Significant donor-specific isohemagglutinins levels were detected repeatedly in 2/21 recipients who have shown no clinical or biopsy evidence of rejection. All recipients survive without retransplantation and there have been no episodes of humoral rejection. We conclude it is possible for other centers to replicate the excellent results achieved in Toronto and that ABO-incompatible transplantation may be performed successfully in some patients beyond infancy with established isohemagglutinin production providing preoperative antibody removing strategies are used.
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113
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Williamson J, Politte D, O'Sullivan J, Keesing D, Whiting B, Lazos D, Evans J. SU-FF-I-36: Improving Noise-Resolution Tradeoffs in X-Ray CT Imaging by Statistical Image Reconstruction. Med Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2760413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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114
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Xie L, Williamson J, Politte D, Whiting B, O'Sullivan J. TU-FF-A4-02: Impact of Sinogram Modeling Inaccuracies On Image Quality in X-Ray CT Imaging Using the Alternating Minimization Algorithm. Med Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2761438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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115
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Whiting B, Politte D, Snyder D, O'Sullivan J, Massoumzadeh P, Williamson J. TU-D-L100J-02: Noise Stationarity in Spiral CT. Med Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2761366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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116
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O'Sullivan J, O'Sullivan MI, Tipton KE, Davey G. Inhibition of amine oxidases by the histamine-1 receptor antagonist hydroxyzine. JOURNAL OF NEURAL TRANSMISSION. SUPPLEMENTUM 2007:105-12. [PMID: 17447421 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-211-33328-0_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
The effects of the drug hydroxyzine on the activities of the rat liver monoamine oxidases (EC 1.4.3.6; MAO) and the membrane-bound and soluble forms of bovine semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (EC 1.4.3.6; SSAO) were studied. Hydroxyzine was found to be a competitive inhibitor of MAO-B (Ki - 38 microM), whereas it had a low potency towards MAO-A (IC50 > 630 microM). Although it was a relatively potent competitive inhibitor of bovine plasma SSAO (Ki approximately 1.5 microM), it was a weak inhibitor of the membrane-bound form of the enzyme from bovine lung (IC50 approximately 1 mM). These findings extend our knowledge of the drug binding capabilities of the amine oxidases and suggest that these interactions may contribute to the complex actions of this drug.
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117
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McDonald A, Tipton K, O'Sullivan J, Olivieri A, Davey G, Coonan AM, Fu W. Modelling the roles of MAO and SSAO in glucose transport. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2007; 114:783-6. [PMID: 17406961 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-007-0688-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2006] [Accepted: 12/20/2006] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Amine oxidase substrates such as benzylamine and methylamine have been shown to stimulate glucose uptake by increasing the recruitment of the glucose transporter GLUT4 from vesicles within the cell to the cell surface. Inhibition of this effect by the presence of semicarbazide and catalase led to the suggestion that the process is mediated by the H(2)O(2) produced in the oxidation of these amines. Tyramine, which is a substrate for both MAO and SSAO, can also stimulate this process and in that case both MAO and SSAO inhibitors attenuate the effect. Benzylamine does not occur physiologically and tyramine is normally present in only very low amounts. We have suggested that adrenaline, which also stimulates glucose metabolism through adrenoceptors, may act as the physiological substrate for GLUT4 recruitment. It is a substrate for MAO but not SSAO. However, oxidation of adrenaline by MAO releases both H(2)O(2) and methylamine for further oxidation by SSAO. In order to gain a fuller understanding of this process we have performed simulation studies that may be used to assess the contributions of the amine oxidases to the process under a variety of conditions. The results are consistent with the experimentally observed behaviour. This approach not only helps to establish the feasibility of this process but also allows behaviour prediction and the identification of further experimental approaches.
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O'Sullivan J, Davey G, O'Sullivan M, Tipton KF. Hydrogen peroxide derived from amine oxidation mediates the interaction between aminosugars and semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2007; 114:751-6. [PMID: 17401531 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-007-0683-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2006] [Accepted: 11/01/2006] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) also functions as a vascular-adhesion protein (VAP-1). The nature of the target site on lymphocytes to which endothelial-cell SSAO/VAP-1 binds is unknown. We have shown that amino sugars (galactosamine, glucosamine and mannosamine), which are not SSAO substrates, can bind to the enzyme as reversible inhibitors. Thus, they serve as a model system in which to study the interaction process. Binding occurred during substrate (benzylamine) oxidation but not when the amino sugar was incubated, for extended periods, with SSAO alone. These results suggest that one, or more of the products of the SSAO-catalysed amine oxidation might be necessary for the inhibitory process to occur. Two of the reaction products of benzylamine oxidation, benzaldehyde and ammonia were found to have no effect on the inhibition of SSAO by galactosamine. Preincubation of the enzyme with galactosamine plus H(2)O(2) was, however, found to result in time-dependent inhibition. This is not a result of the non-enzymic reaction between H(2)O(2) and the amino sugar, since preincubation of galactosamine with H(2)O(2) alone, for extended periods, did not give rise to an inhibitory species. The amount of exogenously added H(2)O(2) necessary for inhibition was very much greater than that formed during substrate oxidation. These results suggest that the H(2)O(2) formed as a product of the SSAO-catalysed oxidation reaction is more efective in promoting the binding of amino sugars.
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Olivieri A, Tipton K, O'Sullivan J. L-lysine as a recognition molecule for the VAP-1 function of SSAO. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2007; 114:747-9. [PMID: 17393063 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-007-0682-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2006] [Accepted: 10/21/2006] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (EC 1.4.3.6) acts as a vascular-adhesion protein (VAP-1), mediating the adhesion of lymphocytes to vascular endothelial cells under inflammatory conditions. The relationship between the adhesive and the enzymatic functions of SSAO have not yet been fully defined. Previous studies from this laboratory showed aminohexoses, which were neither substrates nor direct inhibitors of SSAO, bound to the enzyme as reversible inhibitors in the presence of H(2)O(2) generated during substrate oxidation. The possibility that surface L-lysine could act similarly has been investigated in the present study. The presence of L-lysine during the oxidation of benzylamine resulted in time- and dose-dependent inhibition of SSAO activity, in a process that was dependent on the H(2)O(2) formed during benzylamine oxidation. The possible implications of this in terms of the therapeutic uses of lysine are discussed.
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120
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Gilligan P, Lee J, Khan A, Jennings P, Cooper J, Hegarty D, Lumsden G, Godden D, Pountney A, Wilson B, Shepherd M, Allonby-Neve L, Mehigan C, Kidney E, Broderick A, Carr S, Wilson S, O'Sullivan J. SOCRATES episode II (synopsis of cochrane reviews applicable to emergency services episode II): the return of the series II. Arch Emerg Med 2007; 24:115-7. [PMID: 17251619 PMCID: PMC2658187 DOI: 10.1136/emj.2006.038018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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121
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Dissanayaka N, Sellbach A, Matheson S, Marsh R, Silburn P, O'Sullivan J, Byrne G, Mellick G. III.P10 Validity of three depression rating scales in Australian Parkinson's Disease patients. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1353-8020(07)70108-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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122
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Dissanayaka N, Sellbach A, Matheson S, Marsh R, Silburn P, O'Sullivan J, Byrne G, Mellick G. III.P6 Regular exposure to pesticides is related to depression associated with Parkinson's Disease: Evidence from two independent Australian samples. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1353-8020(07)70104-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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123
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Kerr B, Delrue MA, Sigaudy S, Perveen R, Marche M, Burgelin I, Stef M, Tang B, Eden OB, O'Sullivan J, De Sandre-Giovannoli A, Reardon W, Brewer C, Bennett C, Quarell O, M'Cann E, Donnai D, Stewart F, Hennekam R, Cavé H, Verloes A, Philip N, Lacombe D, Levy N, Arveiler B, Black G. Genotype-phenotype correlation in Costello syndrome: HRAS mutation analysis in 43 cases. J Med Genet 2006; 43:401-5. [PMID: 16443854 PMCID: PMC2564514 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2005.040352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Costello syndrome (CS) is a rare multiple congenital abnormality syndrome, associated with failure to thrive and developmental delay. One of the more distinctive features in childhood is the development of facial warts, often nasolabial and in other moist body surfaces. Individuals with CS have an increased risk of malignancy, suggested to be about 17%. Recently, mutations in the HRAS gene on chromosome 11p13.3 have been found to cause CS. METHODS We report here the results of HRAS analysis in 43 individuals with a clinical diagnosis of CS. RESULTS Mutations were found in 37 (86%) of patients. Analysis of parental DNA samples was possible in 16 cases for both parents and in three cases for one parent, and confirmed the mutations as de novo in all of these cases. Three novel mutations (G12C, G12E, and K117R) were found in five cases. CONCLUSIONS These results confirm that CS is caused, in most cases, by heterozygous missense mutations in the proto-oncogene HRAS. Analysis of the major phenotypic features by mutation suggests a potential correlation between malignancy risk and genotype, which is highest for patients with an uncommon (G12A) substitution. These results confirm that mutation testing for HRAS is a reliable diagnostic test for CS.
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O'Sullivan J, Miller V, Khan G, Zervos M, O'Neil B, Ryder A. Cefepime Versus Traditional Antibiotic Therapy in the Treatment of Nursing Home Acquired Pneumonia: A Pilot Study. Ann Emerg Med 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2005.06.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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125
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O'Sullivan F, Roy S, O'Sullivan J, Vernon C, Eary J. Incorporation of tumor shape into an assessment of spatial heterogeneity for human sarcomas imaged with FDG-PET. Biostatistics 2005; 6:293-301. [PMID: 15772107 DOI: 10.1093/biostatistics/kxi010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We have been exploring techniques for evaluation of fluoro-deoxyglucose (FDG) utilization characteristics in human sarcomas measured with positron emission tomography. In previous work, a measure of spatial heterogeneity based on evaluating the deviation of the FDG utilization distribution within the tumor region from a unimodal elliptically contoured spatial pattern was developed. This measure was shown to be a strong prognostic indicator of time to death. The present work explores a more general measure of heterogeneity which incorporates tumor boundary information. The approach relies on the use of a non-parametric representation for the tumor boundary surface. A set of 179 sarcoma patients with follow-up are evaluated with this technique. The results are analyzed to obtain empirical insight into the factors explaining elliptical heterogeneity. In terms of patient survival, the incorporation of the more sophisticated measure of spatial heterogeneity shows some potential improvement in the prediction risk. Further data will enable us to obtain a clearer empirical understanding of the role of the surface information in the measurement of tumor heterogeneity.
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