101
|
Kim JJ, Kearney DL, Grifka RG, McKenzie ED, Mott AR. Pulmonary venous stenosis as an associated manifestation of left-sided obstructive lesions in an infant with partial atrioventricular canal defect. Pediatr Cardiol 2005; 26:449-51. [PMID: 16374697 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-005-8640-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Patients with partial atrioventricular canal defect (PAVC) who present with congestive heart failure within the first year of life are usually found to have associated left-sided obstructive lesions. We present a case of a child with PAVC who subsequently developed progressive pulmonary venous stenosis as a manifestation of her disease.
Collapse
|
102
|
Kim JJ, Buzzio OL, Li S, Lu Z. Role of FOXO1A in the regulation of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 in human endometrial cells: interaction with progesterone receptor. Biol Reprod 2005; 73:833-9. [PMID: 15987820 PMCID: PMC1237025 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.105.043182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP1) is a major secretory product of the decidualized endometrium. In the present study, we investigated the role of two transcription factors, progesterone receptor (PGR) and a member of the forkhead box class O family of transcription factors (FOXO1A), in the regulation of the IGFBP1 gene in endometrial cells. Human endometrial fibroblasts (HuF) expressed FOXO1A, progesterone receptor A (PGRA), and progesterone receptor B (PGRB) proteins, whereas the endometrial adenocarcinoma cell line, HEC-1B cells, expressed only FOXO1A and no detectable PGR proteins. When FOXO1A expression was silenced using small interference RNA, IGFBP1 expression decreased in both HuF and HEC-1B cells. Using the chromatin immunoprecipitation technique, we demonstrated that liganded PGR was recruited to the IGFBP1 promoter region (-358 to -49). In addition, immunoprecipitation of HuF nuclear proteins with a PGR antibody followed by immunoblotting with anti-FOXO1A revealed that these two proteins interact in these cells. Reporter studies demonstrated that whereas liganded PGRA or PGRB increased a progesterone response element-linked reporter construct, pPRE/ GRE.E1b.Luc, coexpression of FOXO1A inhibited the PGRB response in HuF and synergistically increased PGRA and PGRB response in HEC-1B cells. Furthermore, in HEC-1B cells, FOXO1A increased IGFBP1 promoter activity, and coexpression of PGRA or PGRB further increased the promoter activity in a cooperative manner. In HuF, the response to FOXO1A and PGR was not additive; in fact, it was lower than the sum of the individual responses. Thus, FOXO1A and PGR associate with one another, and each influences the transactivating potential of the other. The cell type-dependent responses strongly implicate the involvement of other cofactors.
Collapse
|
103
|
Lee SY, Lee JH, Hwang NC, Kim YH, Rhee PL, Kim JJ, Paik SW, Rhee JC, Sohn TS, Kim S. The role of follow-up endoscopy after total gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol 2005; 31:265-9. [PMID: 15780561 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2004.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2004] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Follow-up endoscopy after total gastrectomy for gastric cancer is commonly performed without there being any definite evidence of clinical relevance. Therefore, we investigated the role of the upper endoscopic examinations after total gastrectomy for gastric cancer. METHODS The medical records of 212 early gastric cancer (EGC) patients and 622 advanced gastric cancer (AGC) patients who underwent follow-up endoscopic examination after total gastrectomy between 1994 and 2001 were reviewed. RESULTS Two of 212 EGC patients and 233 of 622 AGC patients revealed tumour recurrence at all sites. All the endoscopically accessible local tumour recurrences (n=24) were found in the AGC group. Anastomosis site stenosis was detected in 72 of 834 patients. CONCLUSION Follow-up endoscopy after total gastrectomy for gastric cancer is useful in detecting complications and tumour recurrence. However, this procedure has a limited role in the clinical management and overall survival for patients with recurrent gastric adenocarcinoma.
Collapse
|
104
|
Kim HH, Kim KH, Kim DH, Kim MC, Kim BS, Kim YW, Kim YI, Kim YH, Kim W, Kim WW, Kim JJ, Kim TB, Ryu SY, Ryu SW, Min YD, Park YC, Park CH, Baik HK, Song KY, Yang HK, Lee KY, Lee BE, Lee BH, Lee YJ, Lee WK, Lee JH, Lee HJ, Jeon HM, Jung SJ, Cho GS, Chin HM, Choi SH, Choi YB, Han SU, Hur KY, Hur YS, Hyung WJ, Hong BH. Nationwide Survey of Laparoscopic Gastric Surgery in Korea, 2004. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.5230/jkgca.2005.5.4.295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
105
|
Kim JJ, Kwak TI, Jeon BG, Cheon J, Moon DG. Effects of glans penis augmentation using hyaluronic acid gel for premature ejaculation. Int J Impot Res 2004; 16:547-51. [PMID: 15057258 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijir.3901226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The main limitation of medical treatment for premature ejaculation is recurrence after withdrawal of medication. We evaluated the effect of glans penis augmentation using injectable hyaluronic acid (HA) gel for the treatment of premature ejaculation via blocking accessibility of tactile stimuli to nerve receptors. In 139 patients of premature ejaculation, dorsal neurectomy (Group I, n=25), dorsal neurectomy with glandular augmentation (Group II, n=49) and glandular augmentation (Group III, n=65) were carried out, respectively. Two branches of dorsal nerve preserving that of midline were cut at 2 cm proximal to coronal sulcus. For glandular augmentation, 2 cc of HA was injected into the glans penis, subcutaneously. At 6 months after each procedure, changes of glandular circumference were measured by tapeline in Groups II and III. In each groups, ejaculation time, patient's satisfaction and partner's satisfaction were also assessed. There was no significant difference in preoperative ejaculation time among three groups. Preoperative ejaculation times were 89.2+/-40.29, 101.54+/-59.42 and 96.5+/-52.32 s in Groups I, II and III, respectively. Postoperative ejaculation times were significantly increased to 235.6+/-58.6, 324.24+/-107.58 and 281.9+/-93.2 s in Groups I, II and III, respectively (P<0.01). The percentage of postoperative satisfaction in both patient and his partner was 68% (17/25) and 44% (7/16) in Group I, 80% (39/49) and 66% (25/38) in Group II and 75% (49/65) and 62% (32/52) in Group III, respectively. Maximal glandular girth was significantly increased from 9.16+/-0.59 to 10.95+/-0.4 cm in Group II and 8.95+/-0.54 to 11.67+/-0.71 cm in Group III, respectively. These results suggest that glandular augmentation with injectable HA gel is a safe and effective modality to reduce sensory of glans penis. Long-term follow-up for residual volume and efficacy should be requested to establish its precise therapeutic potentials in premature ejaculation.
Collapse
|
106
|
Kim JJ, Kwak TI, Jeon BG, Cheon J, Moon DG. Human glans penis augmentation using injectable hyaluronic acid gel. Int J Impot Res 2004; 15:439-43. [PMID: 14671664 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijir.3901044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Although augmentation phalloplasty is not an established procedure, some patients still need enlargement of their penis. Current penile augmentation is girth enhancement of penile body by dermofat graft. We performed this study to identify the efficacy and the patient's satisfaction of human glans penis augmentation with injectable hyaluronic acid gel. In 100 patients of subjective small penis (Group I) and 87 patients of small glans after dermofat graft (Group II), 2 cm(3) of hyaluronic acid gel was injected into the glans penis, subcutaneously. At 1 y after injection, changes of glandular diameter were measured by tapeline. Patient's visual estimation of glandular size (Gr 0-4) and patient's satisfaction (Grade (Gr) 0-4) were evaluated, respectively. Any adverse reactions were also evaluated. The mean age of patients was 42.2 (30-70) y in Group I and 42.13 (28-61) y in Group II. The maximal glandular circumference was significantly increased compared to basal circumference of 9.13+/-0.64 cm in Group I (P<0.01) and 9.49+/-1.05 cm in Group II (P<0.01) at 1 y after injection. Net increase of maximal glandular circumference after glans augmentation was 14.93+/-0.80 mm in Group I and 14.78+/-0.89 mm in Group II. In patient's visual estimation, more than 50% of injected volume was maintained in 95% of Group 1 and 100% of Group II. The percentage of postoperative satisfaction (Gr 4, 5) was 77% in Group 1 and 69% in Group II. There was no abnormal reaction in area feeling, texture, and color. In most cases, initial discoloration by glandular swelling recovered to normal within 2 weeks. There were no signs of inflammation and no serious adverse reactions in all cases. These results suggest that injectable hyaluronic acid gel is a safe and effective material for augmentation of glans penis.
Collapse
|
107
|
Kim JJ, Fazleabas AT. Uterine receptivity and implantation: the regulation and action of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1), HOXA10 and forkhead transcription factor-1 (FOXO-1) in the baboon endometrium. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2004; 2:34. [PMID: 15200677 PMCID: PMC446211 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-2-34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2004] [Accepted: 06/16/2004] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In primates, the phase of the menstrual cycle when the uterus becomes receptive is initially dependent on estrogen and progesterone. Further morphological and biochemical changes are induced as a result of biochemical signals between the embryo and the maternal endometrium. Blastocyst implantation in the baboon usually occurs between 8 and 10 days post ovulation and is similar to that described for the rhesus macaque. In the baboon, when chorionic gonadotropin is infused in a manner that mimics blastocyst transit, this has physiological effects on the three major cell types in the uterine endometrium. The luminal epithelium undergoes endoreplication and distinct epithelial plaques are evident. The glandular epithelium responds by inducing transcriptional and post-translational modifications in the major secretory product, glycodelin. The stromal fibroblasts initiate their differentiation process into a decidual phenotype and are characterized by the expression of actin filaments. Decidualization, is the major change that occurs in the primate endometrium after conception. During this process the fibroblast-like stromal cells change morphologically into polygonal cells and express specific decidual proteins. Studies in the baboon demonstrated that insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) gene expression is a conceptus-mediated response. Subsequent studies in vitro established that IGFBP-1 is transcriptionally regulated by FOXO1 and HOXA10 which together upregulate the IGFBP-1 promoter activity. A baboon endometriosis model was utilized to determine if the changes observed during uterine receptivity in normally cycling animals were compromised. The data suggests that in animals with disease, markers of uterine receptivity are not appropriately expressed in the eutopic endometrium. It is possible that these differences influence the fertility of the animals with disease and the baboon could be used as a primate model to study the causes of infertility as a result of endometriosis.
Collapse
|
108
|
Moon DG, Lee KC, Kim YW, Park HS, Cho HY, Kim JJ. Effect of TCDD on corpus cavernosum histology and smooth muscle physiology. Int J Impot Res 2004; 16:224-30. [PMID: 15184913 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijir.3901060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbon, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), is one of the most potent toxic environmental pollutants. Decreases in spermatogenesis and the ability to conceive and carry a pregnancy to term are the most sensitive signs of reproductive toxicity by TCDD in the mammal, but no report of its effect on the erectile function exists. We performed this study to investigate the effect of TCDD on the erectile function. New Zealand white rabbits were treated intraperitoneally with 1 microg/kg of TCDD. At 4 (Gr I) and 8 (Gr II) weeks after the administration of TCDD, cavernosal tissues were harvested for strip study in the organ bath and testes were prepared for histologic examination. Compared to the maximal amplitude of 17.1+/-4.12 mN in normal control (Gr III), the contractions to cumulative concentrations of NE (10(-8)-10(-4) M) were significantly decreased to 6.57+/-1.34 and 5.45+/-1.01 mN in Groups I and II, respectively. Compared to 51.12+/-7.38% in Gr III, relaxation to cumulative concentration (10(-8)-10(-4) M) of acetylcholine was significantly decreased to 17.25+/-2.17% (Gr I) and 9.73+/-2.17% (Gr II) at a concentration of 10(-4) M, respectively. Compared to 75.12+/-13.18% in Gr III, relaxation to cumulative concentration (10(-8)-10(-4) M) of SNP was significantly decreased to 31.49+/-7.89% (Gr I) and 18.54+/-6.12% (Gr II) at a concentration of 10(-4) M, respectively. Histologically, intracavernosal fibrosis, abnormal subtunical deposition of fat and decreased sinusoidal space with consequent increase of trabecular smooth muscle contents were identified in TCDD-treated groups. In TCDD-treated animals, seminiferous tubules showed a decrease of germ cells with vacuolar degeneration and apoptotic cells. Spermatids were hardly seen. These results suggest that TCDD inhibits spermatogenesis and has a potential harmful effect on erectile function via changes of corpus cavernosum histology and smooth muscle physiology.
Collapse
|
109
|
Kim JJ, Kim SJ. Seasonal factors controlling mineral precipitation in the acid mine drainage at Donghae coal mine, Korea. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2004; 325:181-191. [PMID: 15144788 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2003.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2002] [Revised: 10/28/2003] [Accepted: 10/31/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring over a 12 month period in the Sanae creek flow in acid mine drainage, Donghae coal mine area, demonstrates that the concentrations of dissolved metals and sulphate are highest during autumn when water flow in the creek is at its lowest. The highest pH values of the stream were measured in April and May, whereas the lowest pH was recorded in October. The Fe concentration of stream water rapidly decreased downstream due to the precipitation of Fe oxyhydroxide and/or oxyhydroxysulfate phases in the stream. Mineral precipitates in the creek in the Donghae mine area show various colours such as brownish yellow (Munsell colour 9.5 YR hues), reddish brown (Munsell colour 3.5 YR hues) and white depending on seasons and distance from the pollution source in the creek. Such phenomena are attributed to the variation in pH and chemical composition of stream water caused by seasonal factors. The measured pH ranges in stream water of the brownish yellow, white and reddish brown precipitates are pH 3.2-4.5, 4.5-6.0 and 5.3-6.9, respectively.
Collapse
|
110
|
Choi JH, Kim JH, Kim JJ, Jin SY, Choi DL. Large bowel obstruction caused by sclerosing peritonitis: contrast-enhanced CT findings. Br J Radiol 2004; 77:344-6. [PMID: 15107329 DOI: 10.1259/bjr/74117053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Sclerosing peritonitis (SP) is a rare but serious complication of chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). SP is characterized by thickening of the peritoneum that encloses some or all of the small intestine. However, the early clinical features of SP are non-specific and are often not recognized until the patient develops complications. The most common complications of SP appear to be partial or complete small bowel obstruction, small bowel necrosis, and enterocutaneous fistulae, all of which, necessitate surgical intervention and have high mortality rates. Although the CT findings of SP are well recognized, to our knowledge, large bowel obstruction due to SP without peritoneal change have not been reported. We report a case of large bowel obstruction due to peritoneal sclerosis following long-term CAPD.
Collapse
|
111
|
Fazleabas AT, Kim JJ, Strakova Z. Implantation: Embryonic Signals and the Modulation of the Uterine Environment—A Review. Placenta 2004; 25 Suppl A:S26-31. [PMID: 15033303 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2004.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2003] [Revised: 12/10/2003] [Accepted: 01/13/2004] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Interaction between maternal endometrium and embryo during implantation is mediated through the multiple molecules and signalling cascades, which are still not fully understood. This complex sequence of events results in the transformation of stromal cells into decidual cells (decidualization). The conceptus is essential to regulate these changes in baboon stromal fibroblasts, possibly through production of cytokines by the implanting embryo. The role of interleukin-1 (IL-1) system during implantation and its contribution to decidualization is discussed in this review. Decidualized endometrial stromal cells are thought to contribute to establishment of a successful pregnancy by expressing a number of gene products. One of the major products of decidual cells is insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1). The IGFBP-1 serves as a modulator of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) protein action in the interactions between the decidua and invading trophoblast. The delineation of the mechanisms involved in cooperative action of transcription factors FKHR and HOXA10 leading to IGFBP-1 expression, as well as interrelationship between IL-1 and IGF signalling cascades will contribute to the understanding of events leading to successful implantation.
Collapse
|
112
|
Lee JH, Kim JJ, Jung JH, Lee SY, Bae MH, Kim YH, Son HJ, Rhee PL, Rhee JC. Colonoscopic manifestations of typhoid fever with lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Dig Liver Dis 2004; 36:141-6. [PMID: 15002823 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2003.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal bleeding in patients with typhoid fever usually occurs in the ileum. However, endoscopic findings in such patients are not well established. We examined the colonoscopic manifestations of intestinal lesions with bleeding in patients with typhoid fever. PATIENTS AND METHODS The colonoscopic findings of seven patients who presented with haematochezia due to typhoid fever were reviewed retrospectively. Typhoid fever was diagnosed when the Salmonella typhi was isolated or when the Widal test showed strongly positive reactions. RESULTS Clinical data and colonoscopic findings were reviewed in seven patients (four men and three women with an average age of 42 years). The most commonly involved area was the terminal ileum (100%), followed by the ileocecal valve (57%), the ascending colon (43%), and the transverse colon (29%). Left colon was intact in all cases. The most common colonoscopic finding was multiple variable-sized punched-out ulcers with slightly elevated margin, as found in five patients. In two patients, only several oedematous hyperaemic mucosal patches with haemorrhagic spots or shallow erosions were seen. Active bleeding was noticed only in one patient, who received endoscopic haemostasis twice. The remaining six patients were treated by conservative treatment including antibiotic therapy. There was no complication during or after the colonoscopic examination. CONCLUSIONS Intestinal bleeding in typhoid fever usually occurs from the ulcers in the ileum or proximal colon, and the most common colonoscopic manifestations are multiple variable-sized punched-out ulcerations.
Collapse
|
113
|
Lee JH, Kim JJ, Jung JH, Lee SY, Bae MH, Kim YH, Son HJ, Rhee PL, Rhee JC. Colonoscopic manifestations of typhoid fever with lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Dig Liver Dis 2004. [PMID: 15002823 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld 2003.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal bleeding in patients with typhoid fever usually occurs in the ileum. However, endoscopic findings in such patients are not well established. We examined the colonoscopic manifestations of intestinal lesions with bleeding in patients with typhoid fever. PATIENTS AND METHODS The colonoscopic findings of seven patients who presented with haematochezia due to typhoid fever were reviewed retrospectively. Typhoid fever was diagnosed when the Salmonella typhi was isolated or when the Widal test showed strongly positive reactions. RESULTS Clinical data and colonoscopic findings were reviewed in seven patients (four men and three women with an average age of 42 years). The most commonly involved area was the terminal ileum (100%), followed by the ileocecal valve (57%), the ascending colon (43%), and the transverse colon (29%). Left colon was intact in all cases. The most common colonoscopic finding was multiple variable-sized punched-out ulcers with slightly elevated margin, as found in five patients. In two patients, only several oedematous hyperaemic mucosal patches with haemorrhagic spots or shallow erosions were seen. Active bleeding was noticed only in one patient, who received endoscopic haemostasis twice. The remaining six patients were treated by conservative treatment including antibiotic therapy. There was no complication during or after the colonoscopic examination. CONCLUSIONS Intestinal bleeding in typhoid fever usually occurs from the ulcers in the ileum or proximal colon, and the most common colonoscopic manifestations are multiple variable-sized punched-out ulcerations.
Collapse
|
114
|
Kim JJ, Gross J, Potashner SJ, Morest DK. Fine structure of long-term changes in the cochlear nucleus after acoustic overstimulation: Chronic degeneration and new growth of synaptic endings. J Neurosci Res 2004; 77:817-28. [PMID: 15334600 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.20212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The companion study showed that acoustic overstimulation of adult chinchillas, with a noise level sufficient to damage the cochlea, led to cytological changes and degeneration of synaptic endings in the cochlear nucleus within 1-16 weeks. In the present study, the same stimulus was used to study the long-term effects on the fine structure of synaptic endings in the cochlear nucleus. For periods of 6 and 8 months after a single exposure to a damaging noise level, there ensued a chronic, continuing process of neurodegeneration involving excitatory and inhibitory synaptic endings. Electron microscopic observations demonstrated freshly occurring degeneration even as late as 8 months. Degeneration was widespread in the neuropil and included the synapses on the globular bushy cell, which forms part of the main ascending auditory pathway. Neurodegeneration was accompanied by newly formed synaptic endings, which repopulated some of the sites vacated previously by axosomatic endings on globular bushy cells. Many of these synaptic endings must arise from central interneurons. The findings suggest that overstimulation can induce a self-sustaining condition of progressive neurodegeneration accompanied by a new growth of synaptic endings. Noise-induced hearing loss thus may progress as a neurodegenerative disease with the capacity for synaptic reorganization within the cochlear nucleus.
Collapse
|
115
|
Fazleabas AT, Strakova Z, Kim JJ. Implantation in the baboon. Gynecol Obstet Invest 2004; 57:30-1. [PMID: 14974447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
|
116
|
Kim JJ, Gross J, Potashner SJ, Morest DK. Fine structure of degeneration in the cochlear nucleus of the chinchilla after acoustic overstimulation. J Neurosci Res 2004; 77:798-816. [PMID: 15334599 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.20213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
To study plastic changes in the cochlear nucleus after acoustic stimulation, adult chinchillas were exposed once to a 4-kHz octave-band noise at 108 dB SPL for 3 hr. After survival times of 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 weeks, samples were taken for electron microscopy from a part of the cochlear nucleus, where cochlear nerve fibers degenerated after the noise exposure. Progressive changes in fine structure were characterized as early, intermediate, and late stages of degeneration. Freshly occurring synaptic degeneration appeared in each period from 1-16 weeks. Endings with large round vesicles, putative excitatory synapses of the cochlear nerve, displayed progressive increases in neurofilaments and enlarged synaptic vesicles. Compared to controls, synaptic vesicles seemed fewer, often in small clusters in the interior of endings, and smaller in the synaptic zone. These early changes progressed to mitochondrial disintegration and overt "watery" degeneration. Some surviving endings, however, were shrunken and displaced partially by enlarged spaces in the synaptic complex. Dense-cored vesicles gathered in these endings. In terminals with pleomorphic and flattened vesicles, presumed inhibitory endings, cytological changes appeared within 1 week and persisted for months. The synaptic endings darkened, some vesicles disintegrated, and many smaller flatter vesicles collapsed into heaps. Especially at the presynaptic membrane, vesicles were shriveled, but a few mitochondria were preserved. Without overt signs of synaptic degeneration, some of these cytological changes presumably reflect reduced synaptic activity in the inhibitory endings. These changes may contribute to a continuing process associated with abnormal auditory functions, including hyperacusis and tinnitus.
Collapse
|
117
|
Kim JJ, Gross J, Morest DK, Potashner SJ. Quantitative study of degeneration and new growth of axons and synaptic endings in the chinchilla cochlear nucleus after acoustic overstimulation. J Neurosci Res 2004; 77:829-42. [PMID: 15334601 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.20211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
To determine if acoustic overstimulation altered synaptic connections in the cochlear nucleus, anesthetized adult chinchillas, with one ear protected by a silicone plug, were exposed for 3 hr to a 108-dB octave-band noise, centered at 4 kHz, and allowed to survive for periods up to 32 weeks. This exposure led to cochlear damage in the unprotected ear, mainly in the basal regions of the organ of Corti. The anterior part of the ipsilateral posteroventral cochlear nucleus consistently contained a band of degenerating axons and terminals, in which electron microscopic analysis revealed substantial losses of axons and synaptic terminals with excitatory and inhibitory cytology. The losses were significant after 1 week's survival and progressed for 16-24 weeks after exposure. By 24-32 weeks, a new growth of these structures produced a resurgence in the number of axons and terminals. The net number of excitatory endings fully recovered, but the quantity with inhibitory cytology was only partially recouped. Neuronal somata lost both excitatory and inhibitory endings at first and later recovered a full complement of excitatory but not inhibitory terminals. Dendrites suffered a net loss of both excitatory and inhibitory endings. Excitatory and inhibitory terminals with unidentified postsynaptic targets in the neuropil declined, then increased in number, with excitatory terminals exhibiting a greater recovery. These findings are consistent with a loss and regrowth of synaptic endings and with a reorganization of synaptic connections that favors excitation.
Collapse
|
118
|
Moon DG, Kwak TI, Cho HY, Bae JH, Park HS, Kim JJ. Augmentation of glans penis using injectable hyaluronic acid gel. Int J Impot Res 2003; 15:456-60. [PMID: 14671667 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijir.3901058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Recently, injectable hyaluronic acid gel has been widely used in soft-tissue augmentation. We performed this study to identify the feasibility of hyaluronic acid gel for the augmentation of the glans penis. In experiment I, 0.2 cm(3) of hyaluronic acid gel (HA) was injected into the dermis of the glans penis of 25 New Zealand white rabbits via a 30 G needle. At 3, 7, 14, 30, and 90 days after injection, histological changes of glans were studied, respectively. In experiment II, 0.5 cm(3) of HA was injected into the dermis of the glans penis of 14 Beagle dogs via a 27 G needle. At 6 months after injection, histological changes of the glans penis were also evaluated. At the time of autopsy, the lung, liver, and spleen were studied for systemic adverse reaction in each separate experiment. In experiment I, various sized cavities filled with amorphous basophilic materials were noted in the lamina propria and corpus spongiosum of the glans penis. All implants were positively stained on alcian blue. The intensity decreased in a time-dependent manner. Until 14 days, minimal inflammatory reactions were noted, but no signs of inflammation were identified at 90 days. With the gradual decrease of inflammation, fibrosis and deposition of collagen were noted. In experiment II, implants were well maintained at 6 months after injection in the lamina propria. Grade 1 of the inflammatory reaction was noted in one case. In both the experiments, all the specimens were free from any foreign body reaction and systemic adverse reactions. In conclusion, these results suggest that hyaluronic acid gel can be easily injected into the lamina propria of the glans penis and reside until 6 months. Injectable hyaluronic acid gel has a potential as a new bioimplant for the augmentation of the glans penis.
Collapse
|
119
|
Kim JJ, Farnir F, Savell J, Taylor JF. Detection of quantitative trait loci for growth and beef carcass fatness traits in a cross between Bos taurus (Angus) and Bos indicus (Brahman) cattle. J Anim Sci 2003; 81:1933-42. [PMID: 12926775 DOI: 10.2527/2003.8181933x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to detect quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting growth and beef carcass fatness traits in an experimental population of Angus and Brahman crossbreds. The three-generation mapping population was generated with 602 progeny from 29 reciprocal backcross and three F2 full-sib families, and 417 genetic markers were used to produce a sex-averaged map of the 29 autosomes spanning 2,642.5 Kosambi cM. Alternative interval-mapping approaches were applied under line-cross (LC) and random infinite alleles (RA) models to detect QTL segregating between and within breeds. A total of 35 QTL (five with genomewide significant and 30 with suggestive evidence for linkage) were found on 19 chromosomes. One QTL affecting yearling weight was found with genomewide significant evidence for linkage in the interstitial region of bovine autosome (BTA) 1, and an additional 19 QTL were detected with suggestive evidence for linkage under the LC model. Many of these QTL had a dominant (complete or overdominant) mode of gene action, and only a few of the QTL were primarily additive, which reflects the fact that heterosis for growth is known to be appreciable in crosses among Brahman and British breeds. Four QTL affecting growth were detected with genomewide significant evidence for linkage under the RA model on BTA 2 and BTA 6 for birth weight, BTA 5 for yearling weight, and BTA 23 for hot carcass weight. An additional 11 QTL were detected with suggestive evidence for linkage under the RA model. None of the QTL (except for yearling weight on BTA 5) detected under the RA model were found by the LC analyses, suggesting the segregation of alternate alleles within one or both of the parental breeds. Our results reveal the utility of implementing both the LC and RA models to detect dominant QTL and also QTL with similar allele frequency distributions within parental breeds.
Collapse
|
120
|
Arosh JA, Banu SK, Chapdelaine P, Emond V, Kim JJ, MacLaren LA, Fortier MA. Molecular cloning and characterization of bovine prostaglandin E2 receptors EP2 and EP4: expression and regulation in endometrium and myometrium during the estrous cycle and early pregnancy. Endocrinology 2003; 144:3076-91. [PMID: 12810564 DOI: 10.1210/en.2002-0088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Prostaglandins (PGs) play important functions in the reproductive system, and PGE(2) appears necessary for recognition of pregnancy. We have found that PGE(2) is able to increase cAMP generation in the bovine endometrium. There are two PGE(2) receptors (EP), EP2 and EP4, that are coupled to adenylate cyclase to generate cAMP, but these receptors have not been studied in the bovine. We have cloned and characterized bovine EP2 and EP4 receptors and studied their expression in the uterus. The amino acid sequences of bovine EP2 and EP4 possess a high degree (>80%) of identity with the other mammalian homologs. EP2 is expressed in most tissues, and EP4 is expressed only in intestine and testis. EP2 mRNA and protein are expressed in endometrium and myometrium during the estrous cycle, whereas EP4 is undetectable. The Western analysis indicates that EP2 is maximally expressed in both endometrium and myometrium between d 10 and 18 of the estrous cycle. Immunohistochemical localization reveals that EP2 protein is expressed in all cell types of endometrium and myometrium. On d 18, pregnancy up-regulates EP2 protein, primarily in endometrial stroma and myometrial smooth muscle cells. In conclusion, EP2 is the major cAMP-generating PGE(2) receptor expressed and regulated in the bovine uterus during the estrous cycle and early pregnancy.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibody Specificity
- Base Sequence
- Blotting, Northern
- Blotting, Southern
- Cattle
- Cloning, Molecular
- Endometrium/physiology
- Estrous Cycle/physiology
- Female
- Gene Expression/physiology
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Myometrium/physiology
- Pregnancy
- Pregnancy, Animal/physiology
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E/genetics
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E/immunology
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP2 Subtype
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP4 Subtype
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
Collapse
|
121
|
Kwon DH, Dore MP, Kim JJ, Kato M, Lee M, Wu JY, Graham DY. High-level beta-lactam resistance associated with acquired multidrug resistance in Helicobacter pylori. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2003; 47:2169-78. [PMID: 12821464 PMCID: PMC161855 DOI: 10.1128/aac.47.7.2169-2178.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Four clinical Helicobacter pylori isolates with high-level resistance to beta-lactams exhibited low- to moderate-level resistance to the structurally and functionally unrelated antibiotics ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, metronidazole, rifampin, and tetracycline. This pattern of multidrug resistance was transferable to susceptible H. pylori by natural transformation using naked genomic DNA from a clinical multidrug-resistant isolate. Acquisition of the multidrug resistance was also associated with a change in the genotype of the transformed multidrug-resistant H. pylori. DNA sequence analyses of the gene encoding penicillin binding protein 1A (PBP 1A) showed 36 nucleotide substitutions resulting in 10 amino acid changes in the C-terminal portion (the putative penicillin binding domain). Acquisition of beta-lactam resistance was consistently associated with transfer of a mosaic block containing the C-terminal portion of PBP 1A. No changes of genes gyrA, rpoB, rrn16S, rdxA, and frxA, and nine other genes (ftsI, hcpA, llm, lytB, mreB, mreC, pbp2, pbp4, and rodA1) encoding putative PBPs or involved in cell wall synthesis were found among the transformed resistant H. pylori. Antibiotic accumulations of chloramphenicol, penicillin, and tetracycline were all significantly decreased in the natural and transformed resistant H. pylori compared to what was seen with susceptible H. pylori. Natural transformation also resulted in the outer membrane protein profiles of the transformed resistant H. pylori becoming similar to that of the clinical resistant H. pylori isolates. Overall, these results demonstrate that high-level beta-lactam resistance associated with acquired multidrug resistance in clinical H. pylori is mediated by combination strategies including alterations of PBP 1A and decreased membrane permeability.
Collapse
|
122
|
Kim JS, Lee JM, Kim JJ, Choe BY, Oh CH, Nam SH, Kwon JS, Kim SI. Non-linear registration for brain images by maximising feature and intensity similarities with a Bayesian framework. Med Biol Eng Comput 2003; 41:473-80. [PMID: 12892372 DOI: 10.1007/bf02348092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this work was to provide a new, precise registration of the cortical mantle with a non-linear transformation. Image registration is broadly classified into two types, using intensity similarity and feature similarity. Whereas the former approach has merit in global brain matching, the latter provides a fast registration centred on a region of interest. The hybrid registration proposed in this paper was achieved using a Bayesian framework, which consisted of a likelihood model including intensity similarity and a prior model including feature information and a smoothing constraint. In this approach, each voxel was spatially transformed, so that the distance between corresponding features was shortened and also so that the intensity correlation was maximised. The result of the hybrid method clearly showed a good match of global brain (r = 0.930) by including intensity similarity. Moreover, this method compensated for the approximated sulcus of the feature-based method with intensity information, so that the geometric shape and thickness of the sulcus at the feature-defined region was likely to be registered. The accuracy in the feature-defined area was improved by 33.4% and 7.5% compared with feature-based and intensity-based methods, respectively.
Collapse
|
123
|
Park HS, Cheon J, Cho HY, Ko YH, Bae JH, Moon DG, Kim JJ. In vivo characterization of a prostate-specific antigen promoter-based suicide gene therapy for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Gene Ther 2003; 10:1129-34. [PMID: 12808443 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3301972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
To develop a novel gene therapeutic modality for the effective treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), we investigated the properties of toxic gene therapy utilizing prostate-specific antigen (PSA) promoter driving herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-TK) suicide gene to induce highly selective molecular ablation of epithelial cells with minimal systemic toxicity in canine prostate. Replication-defective recombinant adenoviral vectors containing HSV-TK gene under transcriptional control of long PSA promoter (Ad-PSA-HSV-TK) were developed and delivered in an situ manner. Briefly, laparotomies were performed and Ad-PSA-HSV-TK (1 x 10(9) PFUs) was injected into the left lateral lobe of prostate only on days 1 and 7 with appropriate prodrug acyclovir in adult Beagle dogs. The therapeutic efficacy was evaluated on the 56th experimental day. The striking apoptosis of epithelial cells was identified in the treated left half of canine prostate on TUNEL assay. On immunohistochemical studies, there was markedly decreased number of PSA-secreting epithelial cells compared to control. Also significant atrophy of prostate glands, associated with dense infiltration of lymphocytes and plasma cells, was identified in the treated side. The PSA promoter-based suicide gene therapy induced highly selective and definite ablation of epithelial cells in benign canine prostate. Our novel approach could open opportunity of gene therapeutic modality for the treatment of clinical BPH.
Collapse
|
124
|
Choi HK, Ahn TY, Kim JJ, Kim SC, Paick JS, Suh JK, Kim HS, Kim YK, Lee WH, Oh BH, Park CH, Ryu WS, Chung TG, Kim SW, Lee WH, Moon DG, Ryu DS, Seo KK, Kim DK, Lee DS. A double-blind, randomised- placebo, controlled, parallel group, multicentre, flexible-dose escalation study to assess the efficacy and safety of sildenafil administered as required to male outpatients with erectile dysfunction in Korea. Int J Impot Res 2003; 15:80-6. [PMID: 12789384 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijir.3900944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The efficacy and safety of sildenafil was evaluated in a randomiSed, double-blind, placebo-controlled, flexible-dose study in Korean men aged 28-78 y with erectile dysfunction (ED) of broad-spectrum aetiology and more than 6 months duration. A total of 133 patients were randomised at six centres in Korea to receive either sildenafil (50 mg initially, increased if necessary to l00 mg or decreased to 25 mg depending on efficacy and tolerance) (n=66) or matching placebo (n=67) taken on an 'as needed' basis l h prior to anticipated sexual activity for a period of 8 weeks. At the end of this time, the primary efficacy variables relating to the achievement and maintenance of erections sufficient for sexual intercourse, and the secondary efficacy variables, which included: (1) the five separate domains of sexual functioning of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) scale, (2) the percentage of successful intercourse attempts, and (3) a global assessment of erections, were all statistically significantly improved by sildenafil in comparison with placebo (P&<0.0001). Treatment-related adverse events occurred in 56.1% of patients receiving sildenafil and 20.9% receiving placebo. The most common adverse events with sildenafil were vasodilatation (flushing), headache and abnormalities in colour vision (31.8, 22.7 and 6.1% of patients, respectively), and most were mild in nature. The efficacy and safety of sildenafil in this population of Korean men appears similar to that reported in other studies in western populations.
Collapse
|
125
|
Lee JH, Kim JJ, Kim YH, Jang JK, Son HJ, Peck KR, Rhee PL, Paik SW, Rhee JC, Choi KW. Increased risk of peristomal wound infection after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in patients with diabetes mellitus. Dig Liver Dis 2002; 34:857-61. [PMID: 12643294 DOI: 10.1016/s1590-8658(02)80256-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Results of prospective studies on the effect of prophylactic antibiotics before percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy are conflicting. Factors for increased risk of peristomal wound infection have not been clearly identified. AIM To evaluate the incidence of complications of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy and to determine the predictors of wound infection. PATIENTS AND METHODS Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy was performed on 134 patients in different disease groups between January 1996 and June 2000. Medical records were carefully reviewed for demographic data, indications for percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy, use of prophylactic antibiotics, complications and comorbid conditions predisposing to wound infection. RESULTS Of 134 patients, 22 (16.4%) developed complications after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy Wound infection, the most common complication, occurred in 19 patients (14.2%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most frequently isolated microorganism. In univariate analysis, non-malignant disease and diabetes mellitus were significantly associated with peristomal wound infection after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy. In multivariate analysis, only diabetes mellitus was an independent risk factor for the development of peristomal wound infection after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (p = 0.035) CONCLUSIONS Patients with diabetes mellitus have a higher risk of peristomal wound infection after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy.
Collapse
|