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Wright JC, Grigg GC, Franklin CE. Redistribution of air within the lungs may potentiate "fright" bradycardia in submerged crocodiles (Crocodylus porosus). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992; 102:33-6. [PMID: 1351821 DOI: 10.1016/0300-9629(92)90007-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
1. Voluntary undisturbed dives by Crocodylus porosus were short in duration (3.08 +/- 1.87 min, mean +/- SD) and accompanied by a small but significant bradycardia (14.3 +/- 5.9% drop). 2. When crocodiles were disturbed underwater there was a rapid onset of "fright" bradycardia, to 65 +/- 6.0% of surface heart rates and dive durations were prolonged to 19.6 +/- 1.8 min. 3. The development of "fright" bradycardia was not accompanied by any increase in intratracheal pressure or expulsion of lung gas. However, sustained contraction of the abdomen and expansion of the thorax revealed a redistribution of air anteriorly within the lungs. 4. We propose that the redistribution of air within the lungs may generate an afferent signal which potentiates the initiation of a severe, dive-prolonging bradycardia.
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102
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Luckhart S, Mullen GR, Durden LA, Wright JC. Borrelia sp. in ticks recovered from white-tailed deer in Alabama. J Wildl Dis 1992; 28:449-52. [PMID: 1512879 DOI: 10.7589/0090-3558-28.3.449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Six hundred sixty-five hunter-killed white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) from 18 counties in Alabama (USA) were examined for ticks. Most of the collections were made at state-operated wildlife management areas. Four species of ticks (n = 4,527) were recovered: the lone star tick Amblyomma americanum (n = 482); the Gulf Coast tick A. maculatum (n = 11); the winter tick Dermacentor albipictus (n = 1,242); and the black-legged tick Ixodes scapularis (n = 2,792). Fifty-six percent of the ticks (n = 2,555) were examined for Borrelia sp. spirochetes using an immunofluorescent, polyclonal antibody assay. Spirochetes were detected in I. scapularis (five females, seven males) from Barbour, Butler, Coosa, and Lee counties and A. americanum (four males, four nymphs) from Hale, Lee, and Wilcox counties. Area-specific prevalences in ticks were as high as 3.3% for I. scapularis and 3.8% for A. americanum.
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103
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Cockroft NJ, Wright JC. Local- and distant-charge compensation of Eu3+ ions in defect centers of SrTiO3. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1992; 45:9642-9655. [PMID: 10000847 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.45.9642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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104
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Blagburn BL, Hendrix CM, Lindsay DS, Vaughan JL, Hepler DI, Wright JC. Efficacy of milbemycin oxime against naturally acquired or experimentally induced Ancylostoma spp and Trichuris vulpis infections in dogs. Am J Vet Res 1992; 53:513-6. [PMID: 1586020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The efficacy of milbemycin oxime was evaluated at dosages of 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 mg/kg of body weight in dogs naturally infected with mature Ancylostoma spp, at a dosage of 0.50 mg/kg in dogs with experimentally induced immature and mature A caninum, and at dosages of 0.55 to 0.86 mg/kg in dogs naturally infected with mature Trichuris vulpis. Milbemycin oxime was 95 and 99% effective against mature Ancylostoma spp at dosages of 0.50 and 0.75 mg/kg, respectively, but only 49% effective at a dosage of 0.25 mg/kg. Efficacy was 49% against pulmonary L3-L4 stages of A caninum (36 hours after inoculation), greater than 80% against L4 (120 hours after inoculation) and early L5 stages (216 hours after inoculation), and greater than 90% against experimentally induced mature stages (360 hours after inoculation). Milbemycin oxime was also 97% effective in the removal of mature Tr vulpis from naturally infected dogs. Adverse reactions were not observed following treatment in any of the dogs.
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105
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Gray BW, Cartee RE, Stringfellow DA, Riddell MG, Riddell KP, Wright JC. The effects of FSH-priming and dominant follicular regression on the superovulatory response of cattle. Theriogenology 1992; 37:631-9. [PMID: 16727065 DOI: 10.1016/0093-691x(92)90143-f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/1991] [Accepted: 10/23/1991] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Thirty superovulatory treatments were administered to 19 mixed-breed, nonlactating cows. In 10 superovulatory treatments, the cows were primed with follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) on the second and third day of the estrous cycle, and in another 10 superovulatory treatments, the cows received no priming dosage of FSH. Initiation of the superovulatory treatments in both groups was determined by ultrasonically monitoring for regression of the dominant anovulatory follicle. Still another 10 superovulatory treatments were begun on Day 10 without regard for regression of the dominant anovulatory follicle and without a priming dosage of FSH. The mean days for starting the superovulatory treatment in the FSH-primed cows, in the nonprimed cows and in the controls were 10.5, 11.9 and 10 days, respectively. All cows were treated with eight injections of FSH at 12-hour intervals in a declining dosage (36 mg total). Cows were bred naturally and embryos collected nonsurgically seven days later. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) between the total number of embryos or transferable embryos in the three treatment groups. In this study neither priming on Days 2 or 3 nor initiating the superovulatory treatment, based on the morphologic regression of the dominant anovulatory follicle, was an effective means for improving the superovulatory response in cattle.
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106
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St Peters M, Fitch M, Huston AC, Wright JC, Eakins DJ. Television and families: what do young children watch with their parents? Child Dev 1991; 62:1409-23. [PMID: 1786724 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.1991.tb01614.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A sample of 271 3- and 5-year-olds and their families participated in a 2-year longitudinal study of television viewing patterns. 5 1-week diaries for all family members were collected at 6-month intervals. Programs were categorized as: (1) child informative, (2) child entertainment, (3) news and informative, (4) sports, (5) comedy, (6) drama, (7) action-adventure, and (8) variety-game. The majority of child programs were viewed without parents, while the majority of adult programs were watched with parents. Coviewing patterns of adult programs were predicted from parents' individual viewing habits, but not from the child's. Coviewing declined with age. Parental encouragement and regulation of viewing were orthogonal. Children whose parents encouraged viewing watched more child informative programming; children of restrictive parents watched less entertainment programming. Encouraging parents coviewed more than nonencouraging parents. Results support the assertion that parental viewing preferences, habits, and orientations toward television influence children's viewing, both with and without parents.
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107
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Gilger BC, Whitley RD, McLaughlin SA, Wright JC, Drane JW. Canine corneal thickness measured by ultrasonic pachymetry. Am J Vet Res 1991; 52:1570-2. [PMID: 1767973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Ultrasonic pachymetry was used to measure central, superior peripheral, and temporal peripheral corneal thicknesses of 75 dogs (150 eyes) with normal corneas, anterior chambers, and intraocular pressure. Mean corneal thickness averaged over the 2 eyes, 3 locations, and 75 dogs was 562 +/- 6.2 microns. The peripheral cornea was thicker on average than the central cornea by 49.43 +/- 8.45 microns and this difference increased with age at 6.97 +/- 1.3 microns/month of age. Mean corneal thickness changed with age (14.23 +/- 2.26 microns/month), and weight (1.83 +/- 0.38 microns/kg). Females had significantly thinner corneas (22.43 +/- 11.03 microns than males) after adjusting for age and weight.
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108
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Cockroft NJ, Lee SH, Wright JC. Site-selective spectroscopy of defect chemistry in SrTiO3, Sr2TiO4, and Sr3Ti2O7. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1991; 44:4117-4126. [PMID: 10000057 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.44.4117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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109
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Bigbie RB, Schumacher J, Swaim SF, Purohit RC, Wright JC. Effects of amnion and live yeast cell derivative on second-intention healing in horses. Am J Vet Res 1991; 52:1376-82. [PMID: 1928923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Equine amnion and live yeast cell derivative were evaluated as a biological dressing and as a topical wound medicament respectively, in the treatment of granulating wounds of the distal portion of the limbs of horses. Wounds measuring 2.5 x 2.5 cm were created on the dorsomedial aspect of the metacarpal and metatarsal region of all 4 limbs of 9 horses. Each wound was assigned randomly to 1 of 3 treatment groups: group C, treated with a nonadherent bandage as a control; group A, treated with amnion beneath a nonadherent bandage; and group L, treated with live yeast cell derivative beneath a nonadherent bandage. Rates of contraction and epithelialization were not significantly different among groups. Percentage of epithelialization for group A was significantly greater throughout the study than for the other groups. Number of days to complete healing was significantly less in group A and significantly greater in group L than in group C. Incidence and severity of exuberant granulation tissue were significantly less in group A than in the other 2 groups. Group L had more frequent and severe cases of exuberant granulation tissue than the other 2 groups.
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110
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Cleven CD, Lee SH, Wright JC. Clustering and percolation of defects in Pr3+:SrF2 using site-selective spectroscopy. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1991; 44:23-29. [PMID: 9998215 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.44.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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111
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Black HR, Unger D, Burlando A, Wright JC, Pressel SL, Allen R, McDonald RH, Surath H. Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program (SHEP). Part 6: Baseline physical examination findings. Hypertension 1991; 17:II77-101. [PMID: 1999377 DOI: 10.1161/01.hyp.17.3_suppl.ii77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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112
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Abstract
This article reviews studies of different dog bites directed toward people. Typical bite events are summarized by describing the characteristics of the dog, victim, and wound; serious bites (severe and fatal bites) are described separately. Suggestions for the prevention of dog bites are presented.
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113
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Rolandelli DR, Wright JC, Huston AC, Eakins D. Children's auditory and visual processing of narrated and nonnarrated television programming. J Exp Child Psychol 1991; 51:90-122. [PMID: 2010727 DOI: 10.1016/0022-0965(91)90078-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Two experiments with 5- and 7-year-old children tested the hypotheses that auditory attention is used to (a) monitor a TV program for important visual content, and (b) semantically process program information through language to enhance comprehension and visual attention. A direct measure of auditory attention was the latency of the child's restoration of gradually degraded sound quality. Restoration of auditory clarity did not vary as a function of looking. Restoration of visual clarity was faster when looking than when not looking. Restoration was faster for visual than auditory degrades, but audiovisual degrades were restored most rapidly of all, suggesting that dual modality presentation maximizes children's attention. Narration enhanced visual attention and comprehension including comprehension of visually presented material. Auditory comprehension did not depend on looking, suggesting that children can semantically process verbal content without looking at the TV. Auditory attention did not differ with the presence or absence of narration, but did predict auditory comprehension best while visual attention predicted visual comprehension best. In the absence of narration, auditory attention predicted visual comprehension, suggesting its monitoring function. Visual attention indexed overall interest and appeared to be most critical for comprehension in the absence of narration.
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114
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Moll HD, Schumacher J, Wright JC, Spano JS. Evaluation of sodium carboxymethylcellulose for prevention of experimentally induced abdominal adhesions in ponies. Am J Vet Res 1991; 52:88-91. [PMID: 2021260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Twelve ponies were used to evaluate the reliability of an abdominal adhesion model and the efficacy of intraperitoneal infusion of sodium carboxymethylcellulose in preventing abdominal adhesions. A celiotomy was performed on each of the 12 ponies and the serosa of the distal portion of the jejunum was abraded with a dry gauze sponge at 5 locations. In addition to the serosal damage, a single 2-0 chromic gut suture was placed through the seromuscular layer of the jejunum in the center of the abraded area. After closure of the celiotomy, a 1% solution of sodium carboxymethylcellulose (7 ml/kg of body weight) was infused into the peritoneal cavity of 6 ponies. The other ponies served as untreated controls. All ponies were euthanatized 14 days after surgery. All ponies in the control group had abdominal adhesions at the time of necropsy. Four of the 6 ponies in the treatment group were free of adhesions. There was a significant (P less than 0.0001) difference in the total number of adhesions between the 2 groups.
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115
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Steiss JE, Wright JC. Maturation of spinal-evoked potentials to tibial and ulnar nerve stimulation in clinically normal dogs. Am J Vet Res 1990; 51:1427-32. [PMID: 2396789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Spinal-evoked potentials were recorded from 2 litters of clinically normal mixed-breed dogs between 35 and 300 days of age. Summated responses to tibial nerve stimulation were recorded from percutaneous needle electrodes placed at L7-S1, L4-5, T13-L1, C7-T1, and the cisterna cerebellomedullaris. The ulnar nerve was stimulated with recordings at C7-T1 and the cisterna cerebellomedullaris. Amplitudes did not change significantly with age, but were significantly (P less than 0.05) different between various recording sites. On day 35, segmental and overall (L7-cisterna cerebellomedullaris) conduction velocities were less than half of the adult values. Spinal cord conduction velocities increased with age, reaching adult values at approximately 9 months of age. It was determined that quadratic equations best predicted the conduction velocities during maturation.
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116
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Smith PC, Blankenship T, Hoover TR, Powe T, Wright JC. Effectiveness of two commercial infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis vaccines. Am J Vet Res 1990; 51:1147-50. [PMID: 2389894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Two commercially available infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK) vaccines were evaluated for their effectiveness in protecting cattle from disease caused by experimental challenge exposure and natural transmission of Moraxella bovis infections. The study was conducted as 2 experiments, using a total of 81 cattle that were culture-negative for M bovis prior to vaccination. In each experiment, young adult cattle were randomly allotted to 4 groups. Each calf in groups 1 and 2 was vaccinated according to the vaccine manufacturer's directions. Groups 3 and 4 were unvaccinated controls. Three weeks after the last vaccination, each calf in groups 1 and 3 was experimentally challenge exposed by dropping a suspension of viable cells of a virulent strain of M bovis directly onto the corneal surface of each eye. Calves in all 4 groups were then commingled in open pastures so that calves in groups 2 and 4 could be naturally exposed to the calves with experimentally induced infections. Each calf was examined for signs of ocular disease on a regular basis by 2 experienced clinicians who scored each eye for severity of disease on the basis of a prearranged scale. Neither clinician was aware of the vaccination or exposure status of the calf nor to which experimental group they belonged. Lacrimal secretions were collected regularly to determine the number of eyes in which the virulent organism became established. Moraxella bovis with bacterial cultural characteristics similar to those of the virulent strain placed in the eyes of groups 1 and 3 was cultured from greater than or equal to 83% of the eyes of calves in all groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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117
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Veenstra RJ, Wright JC. Coverage of sixty core veterinary medical journals by ten indexing and abstracting tools. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1990; 196:1931-6. [PMID: 2194999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Ten indexing and abstracting reference sources were examined for their coverage of 60 core veterinary medical journals. The costs of the indexes also were compared. Coverage of the 60 core veterinary journals ranged from 8 of 60 journals by Current Contents--Life Sciences to 57 of 60 by Index Veterinarius. Based on yearly costs, format, and coverage of the 60 core veterinary journals, Small Animal Practice and the 2 editions of Veterinary Reference Service were determined to be the most useful for private practitioners. The Index Veterinarius gives the most complete coverage of the core veterinary journals for veterinary research workers who have access to a library.
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118
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Cirillo-Penn KM, Wright JC. Laser spectroscopic measurement of point-defect dynamics in Eu3+:CaF2. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1990; 41:10799-10807. [PMID: 9993492 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.41.10799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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119
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Wohlford JG, Wright JC, Wilson MR. More information on the visual compatibility of hetastarch with injectable critical-care drugs. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL PHARMACY 1990; 47:297-8. [PMID: 1689956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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120
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Wright JC. Reported cat bites in Dallas: characteristics of the cats, the victims, and the attack events. Public Health Rep 1990; 105:420-4. [PMID: 2116647 PMCID: PMC1580079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Associated with the increased popularity of cats as pets in American households has been an increase in the number of cat bites reported to health departments. Bite reports from Dallas, TX, for 1985 were analyzed for different aspects of the cat bite event, including characteristics of the cats, the people bitten, the wounds, and the attack events. Cat bites and scratches constituted 25 percent of the 2,494 reported animal bites. Biting cats were typically stray females. People 21 to 35 years old were bitten in numbers disproportionate to their numbers in the Dallas population. Females were the victims of a majority of bites. Although wounds were typically described as "scratches" of a hand or finger, 80 percent of all victims sought some form of treatment for their wound. The highest proportion of bites occurred from May through August from 9 am through 12 noon; unowned cats accounted for most wounds. Cat bit events may be explained by frequency of contact, that is, women prefer cats as pets; activities that bring people and cats into contact; and reaching toward cats to feed or pet them. More specific information on the causes of cat bites will enable educational programs to be established so that the rate of cat bites can be decreased at the community level.
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121
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Carlson RJ, Wright JC. Diagrammatic calculation of resonant optical susceptibilities in the presence of excited-state populations and population feeding. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, GENERAL PHYSICS 1989; 40:5092-5102. [PMID: 9902772 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.40.5092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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122
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Pinon MF, Huston AC, Wright JC. Family ecology and child characteristics that predict young children's educational television viewing. Child Dev 1989; 60:846-56. [PMID: 2758881 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.1989.tb03517.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated how sociological variables, program access, family attributes, and child characteristics influence children's viewing of the most well-established educational television program in the United States--"Sesame Street." 2 cohorts were followed from ages 3 to 5 and 5 to 7, respectively. Each family kept a diary of television viewed during 5 1-week periods over 2 years. Interviews and testing sessions were conducted before and after the 2-year period. "Sesame Street" viewing increased from age 3 to a peak between the ages of 3 1/2 and 4; thereafter, viewing declined. This developmental change appeared to be a function of age-correlated life events and perceived age appropriateness of the program rather than of ontogenetic cognitive change. Individual differences were primarily a function of family ecology--opportunities to view and characteristics of other viewers--rather than of family demographics or individual child attributes. Maternal employment and the amount of time children attended child care or preschool were negatively related to viewing. The presence of older siblings reduced viewing; the presence of younger siblings increased it. Viewing was unrelated to parent education or occupational status, child gender, child's vocabulary level, involvement in television, or interest in print and other media. Parental encouragement to watch the program was positively related to viewing for 3-5-year-olds.
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123
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Guerdan BR, McKenna JP, Wright JC. Vaginal birth after cesarean section in a community hospital: a family practice residency experience. THE JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN BOARD OF FAMILY PRACTICE 1989; 2:169-71. [PMID: 2750558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Several tertiary care, multicenter studies have shown vaginal birth after Cesarean section (VBAC) to be a viable alternative in a select patient population. The premise of our study was that VBAC is a safe option in a community hospital setting. Any patient meeting the criteria of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) was eligible for a trial of labor, and ACOG guidelines regarding mandatory facilities and personnel were followed. One hundred six women with a history of previous Cesarean section were delivered of infants during the study period. Of these, 16 attempted a trial of labor, and 13 (81.3 percent) had vaginal births with minimum morbidity. There were no instances of scar disruption. Thirty-nine percent of the patients who were successful with VBAC had had a previous vaginal birth. By offering VBAC, the participating physicians were able to reduce their repeat Cesarean section rate by 12 percent.
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124
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Stringfellow DA, Wright JC. A review of the epidemiologic aspects of embryo transfer from -infected cows. Theriogenology 1989; 31:997-1006. [PMID: 16726617 DOI: 10.1016/0093-691x(89)90483-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/1988] [Accepted: 03/16/1989] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Available information on the epidemiologic aspects of embryo transfer from Brucella -infected cattle is reviewed to provide a knowledgeable perspective upon which the risk of transmission of this agent by the embryo can be assessed. Accumulated evidence indicates that exposure of preimplantation embryos to Brucella abortus in the uteri of superovulated, infected cows is unlikely. Further, it has been shown that embryo-washing procedures insure freedom from B. abortus even without antibiotics. The use of antibiotics with the proper cryoprotectant provides additional insurance that Brucella will not be transferred with frozen-thawed embryos. Four hundred fifteen (415) ova collected in 74 nonsurgical recoveries from Brucella -infected cows were culture-negative when examined for the presence of Brucella . After reviewing studies conducted on embryo transfer from Brucella abortus -infected cows, the authors conclude that B. abortus will not be transmitted when emphasis is placed on proper handling of embryos between collection from donors and transfer to recipients.
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125
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Marrero DG, Kronz KK, Golden MP, Wright JC, Orr DP, Fineberg NS. Clinical evaluation of computer-assisted self-monitoring of blood glucose system. Diabetes Care 1989; 12:345-50. [PMID: 2721343 DOI: 10.2337/diacare.12.5.345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The Glucometer M Diabetes Management System includes a glucose-reflectance meter with memory that can interface with a microcomputer for data manipulation and analysis. We evaluated the system in a short-term randomized control trial to determine its impact on metabolic control, self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) testing behaviors, regimen self-adjustment, understanding of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) treatment, attitudes about SMBG, and perceived quality of patient-physician interaction. Twenty-nine adolescent subjects (experimental) with IDDM were randomly assigned the Glucometer M system for 4 mo. Twenty-eight control subjects used meters without memory. All subjects returned twice to the clinic at 2-mo intervals during the study. At clinic visits, both groups reviewed their SMBG data with their physician. Reviews on experimental subjects were conducted with computer-generated data formats. Control subject reviews used traditional logbooks. Both groups showed a significant drop in glycosylated hemoglobin during the study period (P less than .001); however, there were no between-group differences. There were also no differences in SMBG testing behavior or self-reported regimen self-adjustment between groups or within groups compared with baseline. Compared with control subjects, experimental subjects indicated a significant increase in self-reported understanding of IDDM treatment (P = .002), perceived importance of testing (P = .006), and the quality of interaction with their physician (P less than .001). These data suggest that use of computer-assisted SMBG systems in the outpatient setting does not improve metabolic control over 4 mo. It may, however, contribute to improving communication between the patient and health-care providers.
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