101
|
Maniquiz MC, Choi JY, Lee SY, Kang CG, Yi GS, Kim LH. System design and treatment efficiency of a surface flow constructed wetland receiving runoff impacted stream water. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2012; 65:525-532. [PMID: 22258685 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2012.869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This study reported the efficiency of a free water surface flow constructed wetland (CW) system that receives runoff impacted stream water from a forested and agricultural watershed. Investigations were conducted to examine the potential effect of hydraulic fluctuations on the CW as a result of storm events and the changes in water quality along the flow path of the CW. Based on the results, the incoming pollutant concentrations were increased during storm events and greater at the near end of the storm than at the initial time of storm. A similar trend was observed to the concentrations exiting the CW due to the wetland being a relatively small percentage of the watershed (<0.1%) that allowed delays in runoff time during storm events. The concentrations of most pollutants were significantly reduced (p < 0.05) except for nitrate (p = 0.5). Overall, this study suggests that the design of the system could feasibly function for the retention of most pollutants during storm events as the actual water quality of the outflow was significantly better by 21-71% than the inflow and the levels of pollutants were reduced to appreciable levels.
Collapse
|
102
|
Kim GB, Kwon BS, Bae EJ, Noh CI, Choi JY. Significance of circulating hepatocyte growth factor in protein-losing enteropathy after Fontan operation. Pediatr Cardiol 2011; 32:917-23. [PMID: 21667184 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-011-0014-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2011] [Accepted: 05/18/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to measure serum hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and elucidate the relationship between HGF and protein-losing enteropathy (PLE) after Fontan operation (FO). Ten patients with PLE (mean age 15.7 ± 8.7 years) who underwent FO were enrolled. Control group 1 comprised 20 patients without PLE after FO, and control group 2 comprised 10 patients with nephrotic syndrome (NS). Serum HGF, vascular endothelial growth factor, albumin, and random stool alpha-1 antitrypsin concentration were measured. Transthoracic echocardiography was completed. Serum HGF level was significantly greater in the PLE patients (0.61 ± 0.27 ng/ml) after FO than in the two control groups (0.41 ± 0.12 ng/ml [P = 0.024] for the Fontan group without PLE and 0.26 ± 0.12 ng/ml [P = 0.002] for the patients with NS). Serum albumin of patients with PLE (2.82 ± 0.96 g/dl) showed significantly lower levels compared with those of patients without PLE after FO (4.30 ± 0.37 g/dl, P < 0.001) but significantly greater levels compared with patients with NS (1.91 ± 0.33 g/dl, P = 0.019). Patients with greater serum HGF levels showed significant correlation with lower serum albumin level (P = 0.006, r = -0.495). Because serum HGF levels were significantly greater in patients with PLE after FO, HGF may play a role in the development of PLE after FO.
Collapse
|
103
|
McManus H, Li PCK, Nolan D, Bloch M, Kiertiburanakul S, Choi JY, Mulhall B, Petoumenos K, Zhou J, Law M, Brew BJ, Wright E. Does use of antiretroviral therapy regimens with high central nervous system penetration improve survival in HIV-infected adults? HIV Med 2011; 12:610-9. [PMID: 21819527 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1293.2011.00938.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to determine whether combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) with high central nervous system penetration-effectiveness (CPE) rank (neurocART) is associated with increased survival benefit compared with non-neurocART. METHODS Prospective data were examined for HIV-positive patients in the Asia Pacific HIV Observational Database who had commenced cART. CPE rank was calculated using the 2010 rankings process. NeurocART status was assigned to regimens with a CPE rank of 8 or more. Survival was analysed using Cox proportional hazards models with covariates updated at changes in cART regimen and with deaths up to 90 days after regimen cessation attributed to that regimen. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to examine the robustness of analysis assumptions. RESULTS Among 5882 patients, 308 deaths occurred. The hazard ratio (HR) for neurocART use was 0.89 (P=0.35) when data were stratified by cohort and adjusted for age, mode of HIV exposure, hepatitis B virus coinfection, AIDS-defining illness, CD4 count (cells/μL) and regimen count. Sensitivity analyses showed similar nonsignificant results. We also examined a composite endpoint of AIDS-defining illness or death (HR=0.93; P=0.61), baseline regimen as neurocART (HR=0.95; P=0.69), CPE category (P=0.71) and prior neurocART duration (P=0.16). No association between CD4 cell count and neurocART use was observed (P=0.52). CONCLUSIONS Our findings do not show a significant overall survival benefit associated with neurocART compared with cART. The potential benefit associated with neurocART in terms of prevention of neurocognitive impairment did not translate into an improvement in overall survival in this population. These findings were limited by the low incidence of associated mortality. Further studies and more extensive data are needed to address these limitations.
Collapse
|
104
|
Liu W, Ice GE, Assoufid L, Liu C, Shi B, Khachatryan R, Qian J, Zschack P, Tischler JZ, Choi JY. Achromatic nested Kirkpatrick-Baez mirror optics for hard X-ray nanofocusing. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2011; 18:575-579. [PMID: 21685674 PMCID: PMC3267635 DOI: 10.1107/s0909049511010995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2010] [Accepted: 03/24/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The first test of nanoscale-focusing Kirkpatrick-Baez (KB) mirrors in the nested (or Montel) configuration used at a hard X-ray synchrotron beamline is reported. The two mirrors are both 40 mm long and coated with Pt to produce a focal length of 60 mm at 3 mrad incident angle, and collect up to a 120 µm by 120 µm incident X-ray beam with maximum angular acceptance of 2 mrad and a broad bandwidth of energies up to 30 keV. In an initial test a focal spot of about 150 nm in both horizontal and vertical directions was achieved with either polychromatic or monochromatic beam. The nested mirror geometry, with two mirrors mounted side-by-side and perpendicular to each other, is significantly more compact and provides higher demagnification than the traditional sequential KB mirror arrangement. Ultimately, nested mirrors can focus larger divergence to improve the diffraction limit of achromatic optics. A major challenge with the fabrication of the required mirrors is the need for near-perfect mirror surfaces near the edge of at least one of the mirrors. Special polishing procedures and surface profile coating were used to preserve the mirror surface quality at the reflecting edge. Further developments aimed at achieving diffraction-limited focusing below 50 nm are underway.
Collapse
|
105
|
Song MK, Bae EJ, Baek JS, Kwon BS, Kim GB, Noh CI, Choi JY, Park SS. QT Prolongation and Life Threatening Ventricular Tachycardia in a Patient Injected With Intravenous Meperidine (Demerol®). Korean Circ J 2011; 41:342-5. [PMID: 21779290 PMCID: PMC3132699 DOI: 10.4070/kcj.2011.41.6.342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2010] [Revised: 10/01/2010] [Accepted: 10/12/2010] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
QT prolongation is a serious adverse drug effect, which is associated with an increased risk of Torsade de pointes and sudden death. Many drugs, including both cardiac and non-cardiac drugs, have been reported to cause prolongation of QT interval. Although meperidine has not been considered proarrhythmic, we present a unique case of a 16-year-old boy without an underlying cardiac disease, who developed polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation and QT prolongation after an intravenous meperidine injection. He had no mutation in long QT syndrome genes (KCNQ1, KCNH2, and SCN5A), but single nucleotide polymorphisms were reported, including H558R in SCNA5A and K897T in KCNH2.
Collapse
|
106
|
Yang YX, Guo J, Jin Z, Yoon SY, Choi JY, Wang MH, Piao XS, Kim BW, Chae BJ. Lysine restriction and realimentation affected growth, blood profiles and expression of genes related to protein and fat metabolism in weaned pigs. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2011; 93:732-43. [PMID: 19138351 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2008.00863.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the effects of lysine restriction and subsequent realimentation on growth performance, blood profiles and gene expression of leptin and myostatin, 128 weaned pigs [initial body weight (BW) 6.96 ± 1.07 kg, 26 ± 2 days of age] were randomly allotted to four treatments. The starter diets during the first 2 weeks (P1) contained 100%, 80%, 70% or 60% of recommended lysine levels (National Research Council, 1998). Then, common grower 1 and 2 diets were offered for 2 weeks (P2 and P3) each. During P1, average daily gain (ADG) was linearly reduced (p < 0.05) with the increasing levels of lysine restriction. Growth rate was greater in pigs previously fed lysine-restricted diets than well-fed pigs although it did not reach a significant level during realimentation. However, the final BW and overall ADG were the lowest (p < 0.05) and F/G was poor in pigs fed 60% lysine diet. Relative visceral organ weights and composition of skeletal muscle were similar (p > 0.05) among the treatment. Blood triglyceride and glucose levels were increased (p < 0.05) during P1, while blood urine nitrogen, total protein and albumin levels were decreased (p < 0.05) during P2 with the reduction in dietary lysine levels. The abundance of myostatin mRNA in skeletal muscle and leptin mRNA in subcutaneous adipose tissue were lower (p < 0.05) in lysine-restricted pigs than in pigs fed non-restricted diets. In conclusion, 80% and 70% lysine restriction of starter diets resulted in inferior growth and compensatory growth effect was noted during realimentation, while 60% lysine restriction had a negative influence on growth performance. Moreover, the changes in myostatin and leptin mRNA abundance caused by nutritional manipulations may be involved in the regulation of protein and fat deposition in young pigs.
Collapse
|
107
|
Shin DH, Park HE, Choi SI, Park KH, Choi JY, Cho GY. Atrial septal defect with total anomalous pulmonary venous return in an adult. Circulation 2011; 123:e612-3. [PMID: 21632513 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.110.986752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
108
|
Lee HJ, Jung ES, Park MS, Chung HS, Choi JY, Lee KJ, Lee JS, Kil HK, Lee YC. Closure of a gastrotracheal fistula using a cardiac septal occluder device. Endoscopy 2011; 43 Suppl 2 UCTN:E53-4. [PMID: 21287450 DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1256058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
|
109
|
Ahn JY, Choi KD, Choi JY, Kim MY, Lee JH, Choi KS, Kim DH, Song HJ, Lee GH, Jung HY, Kim JH. Transnasal endoscope-assisted endoscopic submucosal dissection for gastric adenoma and early gastric cancer in the pyloric area: a case series. Endoscopy 2011; 43:233-5. [PMID: 21165828 DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1256037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is an important therapeutic option for gastric adenoma and early gastric cancer (EGC). However, ESD is technically difficult when lesions are located in the pyloric area. Our aim was to introduce the transnasal endoscope-assisted ESD method, which provides for excellent cutting-line visualization through control of submucosal traction. A total of eight patients with gastric adenoma or EGC located in the pyloric area were consecutively enrolled. A primary operating endoscope was used to perform marking, incision, submucosal dissection, and hemostasis, while a thinner, transnasal endoscope operated by a second endoscopist was used to retract connective submucosal tissue to provide cutting-line visualization using V-shaped grasping forceps. En bloc resection was achieved in all eight cases, as was complete resection. The median longest lesion diameter was 19 mm (range: 12-25 mm), and the median procedure time was 37.5 minutes (range: 29-59 minutes). There were no incidents of significant bleeding or perforation. Transnasal endoscope-assisted ESD was useful for treating gastric neoplasms in the pyloric area. The procedure was relatively easy and safe, provided excellent visualization through tissue retraction, and allowed for complete en bloc resection.
Collapse
|
110
|
Song MH, Lee HK, Choi JY, Kim S, Bok J, Kim UK. Clinical evaluation of DFN3 patients with deletions in the POU3F4 locus and detection of carrier female using MLPA. Clin Genet 2011; 78:524-32. [PMID: 20412083 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2010.01426.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
X-linked deafness type 3 (DFN3), the most prevalent X-linked form of hereditary deafness, is caused by mutations of the POU3F4 locus in the Xq21 region. We evaluated two Korean families showing typical characteristics of DFN3, such as congenital hearing loss and pathognomonic inner ear anomalies. Genetic analysis of these families did not reveal any mutations in the POU3F4 coding sequence. Instead, one family carried a genomic deletion upstream of POU3F4 gene, where the regulatory element is predicted to reside, and the other family possessed a deletion of almost the entire Xq21 region. The lack of mutation in the POU3F4 coding sequence makes the detection of carrier females using conventional sequencing methods difficult. By applying the multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) method, we successfully determined the carrier status of female members in these families, demonstrating that MLPA is a rapid and accurate way to detect POU3F4 deletions in sporadic undiagnosed carriers of DNF3.
Collapse
|
111
|
Song I, Kim SH, Lee SJ, Choi JY, Kim MJ, Rhim H. Value of diffusion-weighted imaging in the detection of viable tumour after neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer: comparison with T2 weighted and PET/CT imaging. Br J Radiol 2011; 85:577-86. [PMID: 21343320 DOI: 10.1259/bjr/68424021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the added value of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in combination with T(2) weighted imaging (T2WI) compared with T2WI alone or positron emission tomography (PET)/CT for detecting viable tumour after neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy (CRT) in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. METHODS 50 consecutive patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (≥T3 or lymph node positive) who underwent neoadjuvant CRT and subsequent surgery were enrolled in this retrospective study. All patients underwent 3.0 T rectal MRI and PET/CT after completing CRT. For qualitative analysis, two radiologists independently reviewed T2WI alone and DWI with T2WI over a 1-month interval. One nuclear medicine physician reviewed PET/CT images using a five-point scale. Diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) for detecting viable tumour were assessed. For quantitative analysis, the apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) of the lesions were measured and compared between the viable tumour group and non-viable tumour groups. RESULTS For detecting viable tumours, DWI with T2WI improved diagnostic accuracies (Reviewer 1 detected 90%; Reviewer 2, 86%) over T2WI alone (Reviewer 1 detected 76%, p=0.5; Reviewer 2, 64%, p=0.013) or PET/CT (48%, p<0.001). The sensitivity of DWI with T2WI (Reviewer 1 detected 98%; Reviewer 2, 91%) was significantly higher than those of T2WI alone (Reviewer 1 detected 77%; Reviewer 2, 64%) or PET-CT (43%, p<0.05). Only for Reviewer 2 was the NPV of DWI with T2WI (43%) significantly different from that of PET/CT (17%, p<0.05). The specificities and PPVs of DWI with T2WI were not improved over those of T2WI alone or of PET/CT (both p>0.05). The mean ADC of the viable tumour group (0.93 × 10(-3) mm(2) sc(-1)) was significantly lower than that of the non-viable tumour group (1.55 × 10(-3) mm(2) sc(-1), p<0.0001). CONCLUSION Adding DWI to T2WI is helpful for detecting viable tumours after neoadjuvant CRT compared with T2WI alone or PET/CT in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.
Collapse
|
112
|
Choi JY, Kim JS, Ingale SL, Kim KH, Shinde PL, Kwon IK, Chae BJ. Effect of potential multimicrobe probiotic product processed by high drying temperature and antibiotic on performance of weanling pigs. J Anim Sci 2011; 89:1795-804. [PMID: 21278111 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2009-2794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the effect of a potential multimicrobe probiotic subjected to high-temperature drying was investigated. Potential multimicrobe probiotics produced by solid substrate fermentation were dried at low (LT, 40°C for 72 h) or high (HT, 70°C for 36 h) temperature. In Exp. 1, 288 weaned pigs (BW, 6.43 ± 0.68 kg) were allotted to 4 treatments on the basis of BW (4 pens per treatment with 18 pigs in each pen). Dietary treatments were negative control (NC; basal diet without any antimicrobial), positive control (PC; basal diet + 0.1% chlortetracycline), basal diet with 0.3% probiotic LT, and basal diet with 0.3% probiotic HT. Diets were fed in 2 phases, phase I (d 0 to 14) and phase II (d 15 to 28); and growth performance, apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD, d 28), and fecal microflora (d 14 and 28) were evaluated. Over the 28-d trial, pigs fed PC and probiotic diets had greater ADG (P < 0.001), ADFI (P < 0.05), and G:F (P < 0.01) than pigs fed NC diet. The ATTD of DM and GE was greater (P < 0.05) in pigs fed probiotic diets when compared with pigs fed the NC diet. At d 28, fewer Clostridia (P < 0.01) were identified in the feces of pigs fed PC and probiotic diets than pigs fed the NC diet. However, the performance, ATTD of DM and GE, and fecal Clostridia population were similar among pigs fed probiotic LT and HT diets. In Exp. 2, 288 weaned pigs (initial BW, 5.84 ± 0.18 kg) were allotted to 4 treatments in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement on the basis of BW. The effects of 2 levels of probiotic HT (0.30 or 0.60%), each with or without antibiotic (chlortetracycline, 0 or 0.1%), on performance, ATTD, intestinal morphology, and fecal and intestinal microflora were investigated. Feeding of 0.60% probiotic HT diet improved (P < 0.05) overall ADG, ATTD of DM and GE, and Lactobacillus population in the feces and intestine, and reduced the population of Clostridium and coliforms in feces (d 14) and ileum. Inclusion of antibiotic improved (P < 0.05) the overall ADG, ADFI, and ATTD of DM at d 14 and reduced fecal Clostridium population at d 28. Increased (P < 0.05) villus height at jejunum and ileum, and villus height:crypt depth at the ileum was noticed in pigs fed 0.60% probiotic HT and antibiotic diets. In conclusion, high drying temperature had no effect on the efficacy of potential multimicrobe probiotic product. However, the probiotic product dried at high temperature was more effective at 0.60% inclusion, whereas inclusion of an antibiotic improved pig performance but did not show any interaction with probiotics.
Collapse
|
113
|
Yoon JS, Kim ES, Hwang DW, Choi JY, Kim BK, Park BB, Choi JH, Lee YY. Biologic characteristics of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells from a patient with thalassemia syndrome. Int J Lab Hematol 2010; 33:281-9. [PMID: 21199425 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-553x.2010.01285.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are capable of self-renewal and differentiating morphologically and functionally into several mesenchymal tissues. There have been contrasting data on whether MSCs are altered in various hematologic disorders. METHODS We isolated bone marrow (BM)-derived MSCs from a patient with thalassemia syndrome to compare phenotypic and functional characteristics to those from normal healthy donor. RESULTS No differences were observed between MSCs from thalassemia syndrome (T-MSCs) and those from normal healthy donor in terms of morphology, phenotype, karyotype, multidifferentiation capacity. In mixed lymphocyte reaction, T-MSCs strongly inhibited the proliferation of allogeneic T cells in association with reduced proportion of CD3(+), CD4(+), and CD8(+) cells. Furthermore, the fraction of Treg cells was increased under the culture with T-MSCs, suggesting that T-MSCs exert normal immunomodulatory function. In addition, T-MSCs expressed hematopoietic cytokines and supported hematopoiesis, which was comparable to those from normal BM-derived MSCs. CONCLUSION T-MSCs exhibited normal phenotype, karyotype as well as normal immunomodulatory function, and autologous MSCs from patients with thalassemia syndrome may be an attractive source of stem cell in terms of hematopoietic support as well as immunomodulatory activity.
Collapse
|
114
|
Lee JY, Choi JY, Kim YH, Kim DI, Kim YW, Kim KH, Hyun SH, Lee KH, Kim BT. Characterization of congenital lymphatic and blood vascular malformations in the head and neck using blood pool scintigraphy and spect. Lymphology 2010; 43:149-157. [PMID: 21446570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the usefulness and diagnostic efficacy of blood pool (BP) scintigraphy and SPECT for characterizing congenital vascular malformations (CVMs) in the head and neck area. A total of 154 patients suspected of having head and neck CVMs underwent whole-body BP scintigraphy and head and neck BP SPECT using 99mTc-labeled red blood cells. Based on SPECT findings, CVMs were classified into lymphatic malformation/ non-(blood) vascular disease (LM/NVD, no distinct uptake), arterio-venous malformation (AVM, abnormal uptake in lesions and asymmetrically increased jugular vein uptake on ipsilateral side), venous malformation (VM, strong uptake in lesions with symmetric jugular vein uptake), and veno-lymphatic malformation (VLM, no or mild uptake on lesions with symmetric jugular vein uptake). The sensitivities and specificities of BP SPECT for diagnosing each subtype of head and neck CVM were 100% (13/13) and 97.1% (137/141) for LM/NVD, 61.1% (22/36) and 99.1% (117/118)for AVM, 91.7% (88/96) and 79.3% (46/58) for VM, and 55.6% (5/9) and 93.7% (136/145) in VLM, respectively. The overall accuracy for characterizing CVMs by head and neck BP SPECT was 83.1% (128/154). In conclusion, BP SPECT is a useful method for classifying CVMs in the head and neck area due to its high diagnostic efficacy.
Collapse
|
115
|
Kim YH, Choi JY, Je YH, Koh YH, Lee SH. Functional analysis and molecular characterization of two acetylcholinesterases from the German cockroach, Blattella germanica. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2010; 19:765-776. [PMID: 20738424 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2583.2010.01036.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Two acetylcholinesterases (AChEs; BgAChE1 and BgAChE2) from Blattella germanica were functionally expressed using the baculovirus system. Kinetic analysis demonstrated that BgAChE2 had higher catalytic efficiency but lower substrate specificity than BgAChE1. With the exceptions of paraoxon and propoxur, BgAChE1 was generally less sensitive to inhibitors than BgAChE2. Western blot analysis using anti-BgAChE antibodies revealed that BgAChE1 was far more abundant in all examined tissues compared to BgAChE2, which is only present in the central nervous system. Both BgAChEs existed in dimeric form, covalently connected via a disulphide bridge under native conditions. Most fractions of BgAChE1 had a glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor, but a small fraction comprised a collagen-like tail. BgAChE2 appeared to have a collagen-GPI-fused tail. Based on the kinetic and molecular properties, tissue distribution and abundance, BgAChE1 was confirmed to play a major role in postsynaptic transmission.
Collapse
|
116
|
Choi HS, Park ES, Kang HJ, Shin HY, Noh CI, Yun YS, Ahn HS, Choi JY. Dexrazoxane for preventing anthracycline cardiotoxicity in children with solid tumors. J Korean Med Sci 2010; 25:1336-42. [PMID: 20808678 PMCID: PMC2923785 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2010.25.9.1336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2009] [Accepted: 03/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study attempted to assess the incidence and outcome of anthracycline cardiotoxicity and the role of dexrazoxane as a cardioprotectant in childhood solid tumors. The dexrazoxane group included 47 patients and the control group of historical cohort included 42. Dexrazoxane was given in the 10:1 ratio to doxorubicin. Fractional shortening and systolic and diastolic left ventricular diameters were used to assess the cardiac function. The median follow-ups were 54 months in the dexrazoxane group and 86 months in the control group. The mean cumulative doses of doxorubicin were 280.8+/-83.4 mg/m(2) in the dexrazoxane group and 266.1+/-75.0 mg/m(2) in the control group. The dexrazoxane group experienced significantly fewer cardiac events (27.7% vs. 52.4%) and less severe congestive heart failure (6.4% vs. 14.3%) than the control group. Thirteen cardiotoxicities including one cardiac death and 2 congestive heart failures occurred in the dexrazoxane group, and 22 cardiotoxicities including 2 cardiac deaths and 4 congestive heart failures, in the control group. Five year cardiac event free survival rates were 69.2% in the dexrazoxane group and 45.8% in the control group (P=0.04). Dexrazoxane reduces the incidence and severity of early and late anthracycline cardiotoxicity in childhood solid tumors.
Collapse
|
117
|
Jang JY, Park EK, Ryoo HM, Shin HI, Kim TH, Jang JS, Park HS, Choi JY, Kwon TG. Polymorphisms in the Matrilin-1 gene and risk of mandibular prognathism in Koreans. J Dent Res 2010; 89:1203-7. [PMID: 20739701 DOI: 10.1177/0022034510375962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous linkage analysis of an Asian population proposed possible candidate genes for mandibular prognathism, such as Matrilin-1 (cartilage matrix protein). To investigate the association between the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Matrilin-1 and mandibular prognathism, we investigated three sequence variants (-158 T>C, 7987 G>A, 8572 C>T) in 164 mandibular prognathism patients and 132 control individuals with a normal occlusion. The results showed that the 8572 TT genotypes in Matrilin-1 showed increased risk of mandibular prognathism (OR = 9.28, 95% Cl = 1.19~197.57, P < 0.05), whereas the 7987 AA genotype showed a protective effect for mandibular prognathism (OR = 0.16, 95% Cl = 0.05~0.47, P < 0.05). Genotyping results showed that the Matrilin-1 polymorphism haplotype TGC (ht4; 158T, 7987G, and 8572C alleles) had a pronounced risk effect for mandibular prognathism compared with controls (OR = 5.16, 95% Cl = 2.03~13.93, P < 0.01). The results suggest that polymorphisms in Matrilin-1 could be used as a marker for genetic susceptibility to mandibular prognathism.
Collapse
|
118
|
Kim YK, Kwon JT, Choi JY, Jiang HL, Arote R, Jere D, Je YH, Cho MH, Cho CS. Suppression of tumor growth in xenograft model mice by programmed cell death 4 gene delivery using folate-PEG-baculovirus. Cancer Gene Ther 2010; 17:751-60. [PMID: 20539318 DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2010.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Cancer gene therapy using tumor suppressor genes is considered to be an attractive approach for arresting cell growth and inducing apoptosis. Programmed cell death 4 (Pdcd4) is a tumor suppressor gene, which prevents tumorigenesis and tumor progression. To address the issue of whether expression of PDCD4 protein induces apoptosis in cancerous cells, the Pdcd4 gene was delivered using folate-PEG-baculovirus. Folate-PEG-baculovirus containing Pdcd4 gene (F-P-Bac-Pdcd4) was constructed by attachment of F-PEG to the baculovirus surface using chemical modification. The F-P-Bac-Pdcd4 showed enhanced transduction efficiency, efficiently expressed PDCD4 protein, and induced apoptosis in human epidermal carcinoma (KB) cells as compared with an unmodified baculovirus. In a tumor xenograft study, injection of F-P-Bac-Pdcd4 into tumors established from the KB cell line by subcutaneous implantation significantly suppressed tumor growth and induced apoptosis. Thus, this study shows a new baculovirus-mediated tumor suppressor gene delivery system for cancer therapy.
Collapse
|
119
|
Kim EY, Kim TS, Choi JY, Han J, Kim H. Multiple tracheal metastases of lung cancer: CT and integrated PET/CT findings. Clin Radiol 2010; 65:493-5. [PMID: 20451018 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2010.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2009] [Revised: 01/07/2010] [Accepted: 01/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
120
|
Jang EH, Choi JY, Park CS, Lee SK, Kim CE, Park HJ, Kang JS, Lee JW, Kang JH. Effects of green tea extract administration on the pharmacokinetics of clozapine in rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010; 57:311-6. [PMID: 15807986 DOI: 10.1211/0022357055687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The pharmacokinetic interaction between clozapine, an atypical antipsychotic with metabolic complications, including weight gain, and green tea consumption has not been evaluated, although green tea is responsible for beneficial effects, including weight reduction, and is widely consumed in the world. Commercial green tea extract (175 mg kg−1) or saline was administered orally for 4 days before the oral administration of clozapine (20 mg kg−1) to rats. Plasma concentrations of clozapine were measured up to 5 h after clozapine administration, and then hepatic CYP1A2 expression and activity were determined. There was no significant difference in the elimination half-life of clozapine between the green tea extract and saline groups. However, the time to reach peak concentration (Tmax) was significantly increased by green tea extract. The mean total area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC0-∞) and maximal peak plasma concentration (Cmax) of clozapine in the green tea extract group were significantly lower than those of controls. Green tea extract induced a ∼2-fold increase in hepatic CYP1A2 levels, while the activity increased slightly (by 10% of control). Because of this reduction in AUC and Tmax of clozapine by green tea extract pretreatment, we suggest that both the rate and amount of absorption of clozapine may be reduced by green tea extract, although the hepatic elimination phase may not be significantly altered. Therefore, the clinical implications of the effects of green tea on the bioavailability of clozapine in patients should be further evaluated.
Collapse
|
121
|
Jang JW, You CR, Kim CW, Bae SH, Yoon SK, Yoo YK, Kim DG, Choi JY. Benefit of downsizing hepatocellular carcinoma in a liver transplant population. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2010; 31:415-23. [PMID: 19821808 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2009.04167.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term results after downstaging hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) prior to liver transplantation (LT) remain unknown. AIMS To investigate dropouts and post-transplant outcome among patients with downstaged HCC by transarterial chemo-lipiodolization (TACL). METHODS Between 2000 and 2007, 386 patients with HCC initially exceeding Milan criteria underwent TACL for tumour downstaging and were consecutively enrolled. RESULTS Overall, 160 (41.5%) patients achieved successful downstaging of HCC to within Milan criteria. During the follow-up, 82 eventually dropped off the waiting list for LT, with estimated dropout rates at 1, 2 and 5 years of 46.7%, 70.2%, and 87.2%, respectively. The overall post-transplant survival rates at 1, 2 and 5 years were 89.2%, 70.3% and 54.6% and the corresponding rates for recurrence-free survival were 74.7%, 71.8% and 66.3% respectively. Multivariate analysis indentified alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels > or = 100 ng/mL at LT (P = 0.003), maximum tumour size > or = 7 cm (P = 0.002) and the lack of complete necrosis by TACL (P = 0.048) as independent predictors of HCC recurrence after LT. Patients with none of these risk factors had an excellent post-transplant outcome, with an 87.5% probability of recurrence-free survival up to 6 years. CONCLUSIONS These long-term results may contribute to the database for optimizing management of LT candidates with downstaged HCC. Based on our data, patients with a maximum tumour size <7 cm who achieve complete necrosis together with AFP levels <100 ng/mL at LT may be the best candidates for LT following downstaging using TACL.
Collapse
|
122
|
Lee YS, Baek JS, Kwon BS, Kim GB, Bae EJ, Noh CI, Choi JY, Yun YS. Pediatric emergency room presentation of congenital heart disease. Korean Circ J 2010; 40:36-41. [PMID: 20111651 PMCID: PMC2812796 DOI: 10.4070/kcj.2010.40.1.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2009] [Revised: 07/23/2009] [Accepted: 07/29/2009] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Only a few studies have specifically investigated the reasons for emergency room (ER) visits in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD). The aim of this study was to identify the major reasons for ER presentation among patients with CHD that were acutely and seriously ill at a tertiary medical center in Korea. Subjects and Methods All 368 admissions of patients with CHD via the ER from 2003 to 2008 were enrolled. We conducted a retrospective study with review of the medical records. Results Eighty two patients were newly diagnosed as having CHD. Their major presentations were: symptoms of heart failure (41.5%), murmur (31.7%), and cyanosis (18.3%). There were 286 visits that were cases with known CHD. Their major presentations were respiratory tract infection (24.1%, 2.7±4.1 years of age), dysrhythmia (16.4%, 16.7±9.5 years), symptoms of heart failure (14.3%, 7.6±9.4 years), aggravated cyanosis (5.6%, 0.8±1.4 years), protein-losing enteropathy (4.9%), hemoptysis (4.5%), drug side effects (4.1%), and infective endocarditis (3.0%). There were significant correlations between the age distributions and major modes of presentation. Surgical treatments were required within 1 month in 38%, and 2.7% of all patients died during hospitalization. The patient group with respiratory infections and CHD showed the highest mortality (5.8%). Atrial flutter was the most frequent arrhythmia (70.2%) and 70% of these patients were post-Fontan surgery condition. The causes of heart failure in the patients with previous surgical repair were: pulmonary hypertension, myocardial dysfunction, valve regurgitation, and uncorrected lesions. Conclusion Improved understanding of the common problems in the ER can help prepare clinicians to manage patients that present with CHD.
Collapse
|
123
|
Choi BS, Kwon BS, Kim GB, Bae EJ, Noh CI, Choi JY, Yun YS, Kim WH, Lee JR, Kim YJ. Long-term outcomes after an arterial switch operation for simple complete transposition of the great arteries. Korean Circ J 2010; 40:23-30. [PMID: 20111649 PMCID: PMC2812794 DOI: 10.4070/kcj.2010.40.1.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2009] [Revised: 07/09/2009] [Accepted: 07/14/2009] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Although coronary artery obstruction, aortic insufficiency (AI), and pulmonary stenosis (PS) have been reported after arterial switch operation (ASO), limited long-term studies on ASO exist. Our study aimed to examine long-term outcomes after ASO for simple complete transposition of the great arteries (TGA). SUBJECTS AND METHODS All 108 patients with simple complete TGA who underwent ASO at Seoul National University Children's Hospital between 1987 and 2004 were enrolled. We retrospectively reviewed the patients' medical records and the results of various functional and imaging studies. RESULTS Among 108 cases of ASO for simple TGA, 96 have been followed-up through the present time (mean follow-up duration was 11.7+/-8.6 years: range= 4 to 23 years). The 20-year rates of freedom from significant AI, PS, and coronary obstruction were 78.6%, 67.8%, and 95.8%, respectively. AI showed a tendency to progress as follow-up time increased in 21.4% of the population studied (p=0.014); however, AS, PS, and PI showed no such progression. Late coronary artery occlusion was not associated with the initial coronary arterial pattern. Re-operations were done for 13 patients (13.5%) at an average of 8+/-4.3 years after ASO. The survival rate was 96%, while the re-operation-free was 90% at 10 years and 83% at 20 years. Most patients showed normal physical growth with good activity {98%; New York Heart Association (NYHA) class 1 activity} and normal development (96%). CONCLUSION Although most patients showed normal physical growth and development after successful ASO, meticulous long-term follow-up is necessary because of progressive AI and coronary complications.
Collapse
|
124
|
An HS, Baek JS, Kwon BS, Kim GB, Bae EJ, Noh CI, Choi JY, Yun YS. A case of pulmonary thromboembolism associated with hypereosinophilia in a child. Korean Circ J 2009; 39:382-5. [PMID: 19949623 PMCID: PMC2771826 DOI: 10.4070/kcj.2009.39.9.382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2009] [Accepted: 06/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary thromboembolism is a very rare event in children, but the mortality rate is reported to be approximately 10%. The majority of children with thromboemboli have multiple risk factors, such as a catheter-related thrombosis, an infection, and a congenital prothrombotic disorder. Hypereosinophilia is very rarely associated with pulmonary emboli in adults; however, this condition has not been reported in children. We present a 12-year-old boy who had a pulmonary thromboembolism and deep vein thrombosis associated with hypereosinophilia and thrombocytopenia. The thromboembolism was managed with anticoagulant therapy and the hypereosinophilia resolved spontaneously.
Collapse
|
125
|
Hong JM, Choi JY, Lee JH, Yong SW, Bang OY, Joo IS, Huh K. Impact of posterior communicating artery on basilar artery steno-occlusive disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2009; 80:1390-3. [PMID: 19917819 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2009.177949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute brainstem infarction with basilar artery (BA) occlusive disease is the most fatal type of all ischaemic strokes. This report investigates the prognostic impact of the posterior communicating artery (PcoA) and whether its anatomy is a safeguard or not. METHODS Consecutive patients who had acute brainstem infarction with at least 50% stenosis of BA upon CT angiography (CTA) were studied. The configuration of PcoA was divided into two groups upon CTA: "textbook" group (invisible PcoA with good P1 and P2 segment) and "fetal-variant of PcoA" group (only visible PcoA with absent P1 segment). Baseline demographics, radiological findings and stroke mechanisms were analysed. A multiple regression analysis was performed to predict clinical outcome at 30 days (modified Rankin disability Scale (mRS<or=2)). RESULTS Among all 95 patients, 58% (n = 55) had good prognoses (mRS<or=2). Interestingly, 44 patients (46.3%) had at least one fetal-variant PcoA (26 bilateral, 18 unilateral). By multiple logistic regression analysis, the atherosclerotic mechanism (OR 18.0; 95% CI 3.0 to 107.0) and presence of fetal-variant PcoA (OR 5.1; 95% CI 1.4 to 18.8) were independent predictors for good prognosis and initial NIH stroke scale score (OR 1.24 per one-point increase; 95% CI 1.1 to 1.4) for poor prognosis. CONCLUSIONS Fetal-variant PcoA appears to act as a safeguard against ischaemic insult in acute stroke victims involving the brainstem with BA occlusive disease. This result can be explained by the fact that patients with fetal-variant PcoA have a smaller area of posterior circulation and a possibility of retrograde filling into the upper brainstem through the fetal-variant PcoA.
Collapse
|