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Sampaio R, Ambrizi D, Nociti R, Pinzon J, Sangalli J, De Bem T, Takahashi K, Cruz J, Smith L, Ross P, Meirelles F. 21 The contrasting role of histone methyltransferases during nuclear reprogramming: SUV39H knockdown improves bovine somatic cell nuclear transfer, while the absence of EHMT2 hampers it. Reprod Fertil Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv32n2ab21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The persistence of somatic epigenetic memory is indicated as the main barrier for efficient nuclear reprogramming. The augmented levels of histone methylation on somatic nuclei have been shown as the major regulator of this aberrant remodelling. Although they occupy the same site, H3K9me2 and H3K9me3 are catalysed by different histone methyltransferases (HMTs), EHMT2 and SUV39H, respectively. However, the influence of these HMTs during nuclear reprogramming is unclear. Hence, the main goal of this project was to investigate the role of HMTs responsible for H3K9 methylation during nuclear reprogramming and its consequences on embryo development. For this, we employed a small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown approach targeting EHMT2, SUV39H1, and SUV39H2 in bovine fetal fibroblasts. The RT-qPCR analyses showed ~80% reduction in total RNA after siRNA treatments for the target genes when compared with the control vector. We then quantified the H3K9me2 and H3K9me3 levels by immunostaining. The analysis displayed that H3K9me2 levels were diminished ~50% compared with control, whereas the reduction of H3K9me3 levels was only ~25%. Cells transfected with siRNA targeting EHMT2, SUV39H1, and SUV39H2 (All-siRNA) or control vector (control) were used as a nuclear donor on somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) in five biological replicates. The IVF embryos were used as a biological control for immunostaining analysis. Embryos at both 8- to 16-cell and blastocysts stage (n=10 from 5 replicates) were collected to evaluate the effect of HMT knockdown on H3K9me2 and H3K9me3 levels by immunostaining. We found a reduction of blastocyst rates in the treatment 28±6.3 (mean±s.e.m.) when compared with control 60±4.8 (P=0.004). The immunostaining analysis showed that the levels of H3K9me2 and H3K9me3 were higher in cloned (control) than IVF embryos (P<0.05). Moreover, the All-siRNA group displayed a reduction in H3K9me2 levels compared with the control group and IVF through developmental stages analysed (P<0.05). Differently, H3K9me3 levels were higher in the All-siRNA group at the 8- to 16-cell stage, but no difference was found between treated and control groups at the blastocyst stage. We, therefore, decided to test whether individual knockdown would display a different result. We then used cells transfected with siRNA targeting only EHMT2 (EHMT2-siRNA), targeting SUV39H1 + SUV39H2 (SUV-siRNA), or control vector (control) as a nuclear donor on SCNT in five biological replicates. Surprisingly, the SUV-siRNA group increased blastocyst production 38±4.4 when compared with the control group 29±4.4 (P=0.01), whereas the EHMT2-siRNA showed a reduction in blastocyst rates: 21±5.6 (P=0.04). Our results indicate that EHMT2 has a key role during SCNT, possibly by its crosstalk with other modifications. Even though the SUV39H knockdown induced a small reduction in H3K9me3 levels in the nuclear donor, it was enough to increase the blastocyst rates by 10%. These results will allow us to better understand the complex mechanisms involved in the persistent epigenetic memory during nuclear reprogramming.
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Corzo AS, Cereceda MI, Baum D, Klingzing J, Smith L, Sitaram R. Identification of memory reactivation related activity in humans during sleep using EEG and source reconstruction. Sleep Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2019.11.932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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103
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Grabovac I, Smith L, McDermott DT, Stefanac S, Yang L, Veronese N, Jackson S. Well Being of Older Gay and Bisexual Men and Women in England: Results of a Cross-Sectional Population Based Study. Eur J Public Health 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckz185.466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) older people are an under-represented population in research, with limited research noting more depression, loneliness, rejection, overall poorer health and well-being outcomes. Our study compared well-being, defined as quality of life (QOL), life satisfaction, sexual satisfaction, and depression, among LGB people with their heterosexual peers’.
Methods
Cross-sectional data from the English Longitudinal Study of Aging, collected 2012-2013. A total of 5691 participants were included in the analysis, with 326 (5.7%) self-identifying as LGB. We used CASP-19 questionnaire for well-being; the Satisfaction with Life Scale for life satisfaction; and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale for depressive symptoms. The question “During the past three months, how satisfied have you been with your overall sex life?” was used for sexual satisfaction. T-test and chi-square tests were used for differences in sociodemographic characteristics between LGB and heterosexual participants. Regression models were used to test associations between sexual orientation and well-being outcomes.
Results
LGB participants reported significantly lower mean quality of life and life satisfaction, and had significantly lower odds of reporting satisfaction with their overall sex life and higher odds of reporting depressive symptoms in unadjusted models. After adjustment for sociodemographic and health-related covariates, there remained significant differences between groups in mean QOL scores (B= -0.96, 95% [CI] -1.87 to -0.06) and odds of sexual satisfaction (OR = 0.56, 95% CI 0.38-0.82).
Conclusions
LGB older people report lower quality of life and lower sexual satisfaction than their heterosexual counterparts, possibly associated with experiencing lifelong social discrimination.
Main message: Older lesbian, gay and bisexual people in England report significantly lower QOL and sexual satisfaction in comparison to heterosexual counterparts.
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Blakely C, Smith L, Hart R, Branscombe P, Campbell D, Shi M, Thakrar A, Al Turki M. BUSTING THE CLOT BURDEN: THE IMPLEMENTATION OF A SLOW THROMBOLYTIC THERAPY PROTOCOL IN THE TREATMENT OF ACUTE MECHANICAL VALVE THROMBOSIS. Can J Cardiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2019.07.383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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105
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Blakely C, Hart R, VanDam G, Smith L, Hazell M, Campbell D, Branscombe P, Abdollah H. THE SHOCKING REALITY - ADOLESCENTS LIVING WITH HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY. Can J Cardiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2019.07.384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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106
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Ganti A, Appiah AK, Ernani V, Zhang C, Zhen W, Marr A, Smith L. MA02.11 Adjuvant Chemotherapy Following SBRT for Early Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) in Older Patients. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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107
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Smith L, Helphrey J, Sawyer J, Rodriguez D, Rose D, Fierro L, Moore J, Parsons T, Barnett M. A-21 Inhibition of Overlearned Verbal Responses and Quantity of Speech Among Age Cohorts. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acz034.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
Off-topic speech (OTS) has been linked with deficits in executive functioning, and specifically inhibition. OTS research has focused primarily on tangentiality, whereas in this study we focused on quantity of speech. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between inhibition of overlearned responses using a Stroop task and quantity of speech.
Method
A college sample of young adults (n = 63; age 18-28) and healthy, community-dwelling older adults (n = 76; age 60-99) completed the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function Systems (D-KEFS) Color-Word Interference Test and provided a verbal sample in which they recounted a procedural memory and an episodic memory. These samples were transcribed and rated for quantity of speech by three independent judges.
Results
Among all participants, longer time to complete color naming (r = -.21, p = .02) and inhibition (r = -.21, p = .01) was associated with lower quantity of speech on procedural memory. Among young adults, longer time to complete inhibition was associated with lower quantity of speech (r = -.26, p = .04). Among older adults, longer time to complete color naming (r = -.32, p = .005), word reading (r = -.27, p = .02), and inhibition (r = -.35, p = .002) was associated with lower quantity of speech. No relationships were found between performance on Stroop conditions and quantity of speech for episodic memory.
Conclusions
Results suggest that among both age cohorts, difficulty inhibiting overlearned verbal responses is associated with lower quantity of speech regarding a procedural memory but not an episodic memory.
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Helphrey J, Smith L, Rodriguez D, Rose III D, Sawyer J, Edzards S, Fierro L, Moore J, Parsons T, Barnett M. A-13 Sustained Attention, Impulsivity, and Tangentiality of Speech Among Young Adults and Older Adults. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acz034.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
Previous research has linked off-topic verbosity (OTV) among older adults with lower performance on neuropsychological tests tapping attention and executive functioning. However, most of this research has utilized relatively brief neurocognitive measures. Continuous performance tests (CPTs) measure sustained attention and impulsivity. The purpose of this study was to investigate relationships between sustained attention, impulsivity, and tangentiality of speech among young adults and older adults.
Method
Young adult college students (age 18-29; n= 61) and healthy, community-dwelling older adults (age 60-99; n = 81) were administered the Conners’ Continuous Performance Test – 3 and provided a sample of speech (one episodic memory and one procedural memory). These speech samples were transcribed and rated for tangentiality by three independent reviewers.
Results
Among all participants, greater tangentiality of speech was associated with omission errors (r = .22, p = .01) but not with commission errors. This same pattern was found among older adults: omission errors (r = .23, p = .04) were associated with greater tangentiality but commission errors were not. Among young adults, these relationships were not statistically significant.
Conclusions
Results suggest that tangentiality of speech is associated with inattentiveness but not impulsivity, and this relationship may be more marked among older adults than young adults. OTV among older adults may stem from difficulty sustaining attention over time rather than diminished capacity for inhibiting impulses.
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Yusuf M, Jagatia A, Mahmood Z, McCabe E, de Bruijn GJ, Smith L, Gardner B. How do office workers respond to media coverage of sitting? Occup Med (Lond) 2019; 69:372-375. [PMID: 31215630 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqz084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sitting time is associated with adverse physical and mental health outcomes, and premature mortality. Office workers sit for prolonged periods, so are at particular risk. Scientific advances in public health threats are predominantly communicated to the public through media reports. AIMS This study aimed to examine office workers' impromptu responses to media coverage of scientific evidence related to the health risks of sedentary behaviour. METHODS Semi-structured interviews were run with 26 office workers (mean age 35 years), recruited from four organizations in southern England. Within the interview, each participant provided a 'think-aloud' narrative as they read three real-world news reports relating to sedentary behaviour. Thematic analysis was conducted on verbatim transcripts. RESULTS Three themes were extracted from the data: gauging the personal relevance of the news reports; questioning their trustworthiness and challenging the feasibility of proposed sitting-reduction strategies. Participants voiced scepticism about the applicability of the reports to their personal circumstances, and the validity of the reports and the scientific evidence underpinning them. CONCLUSIONS Researchers, press officers and journalists should emphasise the ways in which participants in research studies represent the broader population of office workers, and offer greater transparency in reporting study methods, when reporting scientific advances in sedentary behaviour.
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Spanton JA, Smith L, Mair TS. A clinical audit of the prevalence of colic in the 48 hours after gastroscopy in 436 horses. EQUINE VET EDUC 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/eve.13144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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111
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Chen H, Shepherd-Littlejohn A, Girda E, Polanco-Echeverry G, Sahasrabudhe R, Toal T, Carvajal-Carmona L, Leiserowitz G, Smith L. Drug efficacy testing of targeted therapies in endometrial cancer organoids is partially predicted by cancer gene mutation data (Correct). Gynecol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2019.03.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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112
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Spanton JA, Smith L, Mair TS. Is Serum Amyloid A elevated in horses with equine gastric ulcer syndrome? EQUINE VET EDUC 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/eve.13145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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113
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López-Sánchez G, Smith L, Zheng D, Sapkota R, Yang L, Chen Z, Pardhan S. Physical activity behaviour in people with diabetes residing in China: A cross-sectional analysis. Sci Sports 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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114
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Smith L, Hughes D, Chan HF, Johnson K, Bray J, Rodgers O, Collier G, Norquay G, Biancardi A, Hughes P, Kotecha S, Wildman M, West N, Horsley A, Marshall H, Wild J. WS17-2 The sensitivity of MRI to detect both functional and structural lung abnormalities in sub-clinical cystic fibrosis. J Cyst Fibros 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(19)30218-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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115
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Smith L, Marshall H, Norquay G, Collier G, Rodgers O, Hughes P, Biancardi A, West N, Wildman M, Horsley A, Wild J. P211 129Xe ventilation MRI and LCI to assess acute maximal exercise as a method of airway clearance. J Cyst Fibros 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(19)30504-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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116
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Williams L, Poynton S, Graham L, Wilkie M, Williamson E, Smith L, Rybacka A, Smith N, Zhang X, Meenan J, Lei J, Clouet J. Performance of first trimester maternal screening biomarkers pregnancy-associated plasma protein a (PAPP-A) and free beta human chorionic gonadotropin (FBHCG) on the Atellica® IM Analyzer. Clin Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.03.1236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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117
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Smith L, Collier G, Marshall H, Hughes P, Biancardi A, Norquay G, Bray J, Rodgers O, Wildman M, West N, Horsley A, Wild J. P212 Ventilation MRI tracks longitudinal lung function changes in patients with cystic fibrosis and clinically stable FEV1 and Lung Clearance Index. J Cyst Fibros 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(19)30505-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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118
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López Sánchez G, Smith L, Raman R, Jaysankar D, Singh S, Sapkota R, Díaz Suárez A, Pardhan S. Physical activity behaviour in people with diabetes residing in India: A cross-sectional analysis. Sci Sports 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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119
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Smith L, Blinkhorn F, Moir R, Blinkhorn A. Results of a two year dental health education program to reduce dental caries in young Aboriginal children in New South Wales, Australia. COMMUNITY DENTAL HEALTH 2018; 35:211-216. [PMID: 30113789 DOI: 10.1922/cdh_4293smith06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effectiveness of a dental health education program, 'Smiles not Tears' in preventing Early Childhood Caries in young Aboriginal children. BASIC RESEARCH DESIGN Community trial. CLINICAL SETTING Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Services in rural, remote and metropolitan areas in New South Wales, Australia. PARTICIPANTS Aboriginal families who had a child six months of age. INTERVENTIONS Aboriginal Health Workers from eight Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Services in rural, remote and metropolitan areas in New South Wales recruited Aboriginal families with young children to participate in the Smiles not Tears dental education program. A convenience sample of Aboriginal children from the same communities was recruited to form a historical control group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The caries prevalence at 30 months of age compared to children of a similar age in the control group. RESULTS More children in the test group were caries free (n =104; 97.2%) when compared to the historical control group (n = 54; 65.9%). Only three children in the test group had caries which is less than the control group (n = 29). CONCLUSION These results suggest that the Smiles not Tears dental education program has a positive impact on reducing the caries prevalence in young Aboriginal children.
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Staffurth J, Sivell S, Ahmedzai S, Andreyev J, Farnell D, Green J, Sanders D, Ferguson C, Pickett S, Smith L, Cohen D, O'Shea R, Campbell S, Taylor S, Nelson A. The Impact of Specialized Gastroenterology Services for Late Pelvic Radiation Disease: Results from the Prospective Multicenter EAGLE Study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.06.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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121
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Campbell L, Vadnais A, Li Q, Barch D, McMullen T, Smith L. IMPACT OF SOCIAL FACTORS ON RISK ADJUSTMENT FOR THE QUALITY MEASURE FOR SELF-REPORTED PAIN IN NURSING HOME RESIDENTS. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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122
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Constantine R, Smith L, Lepore M, Le T, Cool A, Padgett C, McMullen T, Pratt M. THE SKILLED NURSING FACILITY QUALITY REPORTING PROGRAM: DATA SUBMISSION, CONFIDENTIAL FEEDBACK, AND REPORTING. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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123
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Smith L, Li Q, McMullen T. INTEREST GROUP SESSION - RESEARCH ON QUALITY OF CARE: SKILLED NURSING FACILITY QUALITY REPORTING PROGRAM: AN OVERVIEW OF THE PROGRAM AND NATIONAL PERFORMANCE. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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124
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Smith L. THE USABILITY OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND COGNITIVE TRAINING APPLICATIONS IN PEOPLE WITH MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.2701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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125
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Hayhoe R, Christie S, Rechel B, Smith L, Welch A. Integrating public health messages and fire safety checks: a pilot scheme in Norfolk, United Kingdom. Eur J Public Health 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cky218.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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