101
|
Wenzel P, Hink U, Oelze M, Seeling A, Isse T, Bruns K, Steinhoff L, Brandt M, Kleschyov AL, Schulz E, Lange K, Weiner H, Lehmann J, Lackner KJ, Kawamoto T, Münzel T, Daiber A. Number of nitrate groups determines reactivity and potency of organic nitrates: a proof of concept study in ALDH-2-/- mice. Br J Pharmacol 2007; 150:526-33. [PMID: 17220910 PMCID: PMC2189719 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0707116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH-2) has been shown to provide a pathway for bioactivation of organic nitrates and to be prone to desensitization in response to highly potent, but not to less potent, nitrates. We therefore sought to support the hypothesis that bioactivation by ALDH-2 critically depends on the number of nitrate groups within the nitrovasodilator. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Nitrates with one (PEMN), two (PEDN; GDN), three (PETriN; glyceryl trinitrate, GTN) and four (pentaerithrityl tetranitrate, PETN) nitrate groups were investigated. Vasodilatory potency was measured in isometric tension studies using isolated aortic segments of wild type (WT) and ALDH-2-/- mice. Activity of the cGMP-dependent kinase-I (reflected by levels of phosphorylated VAsodilator Stimulated Phosphoprotein, P-VASP) was quantified by Western blot analysis, mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity by HPLC. Following incubation of isolated mitochondria with PETN, PETriN-chromophore and PEDN, metabolites were quantified using chemiluminescence nitrogen detection and mass spectrometry. KEY RESULTS Compared to WT, vasorelaxation in response to PETN, PETriN and GTN was attenuated about 10fold in ALDH-2-/- mice, identical to WT vessels preincubated with inhibitors of ALDH-2. Reduced vasodilator potency correlated with reduced P-VASP formation and diminished biotransformation of the tetranitrate- and trinitrate-compounds. None of these findings were observed for PEDN, GDN and PEMN. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Our results support the crucial role of ALDH-2 in bioactivating highly reactive nitrates like GTN, PETN and PETriN. ALDH-2-mediated relaxation by organic nitrates therefore depends mainly on the number of nitrate groups. Less potent nitrates like PEDN, GDN and PEMN are apparently biotransformed by other pathways.
Collapse
|
102
|
Böning A, Lutter G, Fraund S, Attmann T, Quaden R, Brandt M, Cremer J. Octogenarians undergoing combined aortic valve replacement and myocardial revascularization: perioperative mortality and medium term survival. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-967560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
103
|
Fraund S, Graf F, Eichner S, Klink T, Schöneich F, Böning A, Brandt M, Cremer J. Minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass- reducing mortality in the elderly? Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-967564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
104
|
Brandt M, Jahnke T, Graw K, Marxsen J, Walluscheck KP, Cremer J, Müller-Hülsbeck S. Endovascular repair of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm: Feasibility and impact on early outcome. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-967451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
105
|
Bielfeldt S, Brandt M, Wilhelm KP. Use of image analysis techniques for objective quantification of the efficacy of different hair removal methods. JOURNAL OF COSMETIC SCIENCE 2006; 57:345-54. [PMID: 17111069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/09/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In the field of consumer-used cosmetics for hair removal and hair growth reduction, there is a need for improved quantitative methods to enable the evaluation of efficacy and claim support. Optimized study designs and investigated endpoints are lacking to compare the efficacy of standard methods, like shaving or plucking, with new methods and products, such as depilating instruments or hair-growth-reducing cosmetics. Non-invasive image analysis, using a high-performance microscope combined with an optimized image analysis tool, was investigated to assess hair growth. In one step, high-resolution macrophotographs of the legs of female volunteers after shaving and plucking with cold wax were compared to observe short-term hair regrowth. In a second step, images obtained after plucking with cold wax were taken over a long-term period to assess the time, after which depilated hairs reappeared on the skin surface. Using image analysis, parameters like hair length, hair width, and hair projection area were investigated. The projection area was found to be the parameter most independent of possible image artifacts such as irregularities in skin or low contrast due to hair color. Therefore, the hair projection area was the most appropriate parameter to determine the time of hair regrowth. This point of time is suitable to assess the efficacy of different hair removal methods or hair growth reduction treatments by comparing the endpoint after use of the hair removal method to be investigated to the endpoint after simple shaving. The closeness of hair removal and visible signs of skin irritation can be assessed as additional quantitative parameters from the same images. Discomfort and pain rating by the volunteers complete the set of parameters, which are required to benchmark a new hair removal method or hair-growth-reduction treatment. Image analysis combined with high-resolution imaging techniques is a powerful tool to objectively assess parameters like hair length, hair width, and projection area. To achieve reliable data and to reduce well known image-analysis artifacts, it was important to optimize the technical equipment for use on human skin and to improve image analysis by adaptation of the image-processing procedure to the different skin characteristics of individuals, like skin color, hair color, and skin structure.
Collapse
|
106
|
Abukishe A, Brandt M, Hedderich J, Hirt S, Lentz S, Schäfer H, Walluscheck K, Cremer J, Bruhn HD. [Mutation in factor II and factor V gene in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease]. Hamostaseologie 2006; 26:197-200. [PMID: 16906235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in factor-V- and factor-II-genes are correlated with an increased risk for venous thrombosis according to the literature. The significance of the mutations in factor- II- and factor-V-genes for the development of the peripheral arterial occlusive disease is not known. Therefore, we investigated the presence of these mutations in 152 patients with documented peripheral arterial occlusive disease and 318 controls without peripheral arterial occlusive disease with polymerase chain reaction (PCR). There was no association between factor-II-mutation and peripheral arterial occlusive disease. The factor-V-mutation, however, was increased in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease double fold (12 positive cases in 318 controls, 12 positive cases in 152 patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease). The significance level was reached (p = 0.05) in statistical analysis but the result did not fall below the significance level as necessary to reach statistical significance (odds ratio 2.19). Nevertheless, from these data we have to discuss a biological relevance of factor-V-mutation in the pathogenesis of peripheral arterial occlusive disease.
Collapse
|
107
|
Brandt M, Jahnke T, Marxsen J, Graw K, Cremer J, Müller-Hülsbeck S. Offene und Endovaskuläre Therapie des rupturierten Bauchaortenaneurysmas beim alten Patienten: Durchführbarkeit und Ergebnisse. Zentralbl Chir 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-944398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
108
|
Brandt M, Marxsen J, Fraund S, Sander F, Ernst M, Cremer J. Carotischirurgie beim älteren Patienten – ein erhöhtes Risiko? Zentralbl Chir 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-944400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
109
|
Schmachtenberg E, Brandt M. Mechanical Design of Injection Moulded Parts made of Short-Fibre Reinforced Thermoplastics by Means of Integrative Simulation. JOURNAL OF POLYMER ENGINEERING 2006. [DOI: 10.1515/polyeng.2006.26.2-4.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
110
|
Andrews KW, Schweitzer A, Zhao C, Holden J, Roseland J, Brandt M, Spease C, Woo J, Dwyer J, Picciano MF, Saldanha LG, Fisher K, Betz JM, Yetley E. Caffeine, theobromine and theophylline content of commonly purchased weight loss and sports performance enhancing dietary supplements. FASEB J 2006. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.20.4.a180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
111
|
Diaz E, Schwartz BK, Patel MP, Brandt M. Development of a Fluorescent NADPH Assay. FASEB J 2006. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.20.5.lb51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
112
|
Naik-Mathuria B, Dibrell J, Brandt M. Outcomes after surgery for Hirschprung’s disease: Defining a clinical guideline. J Surg Res 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2005.11.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
113
|
Hümme TH, Müller-Hülsbeck S, Brandt M, Walluscheck KP, Schäfer JP, Both M, Charalambous N, Heller M, Jahnke TH. Notfall-Hybrid-Eingriffe bei rupturierten aorto-iliacalen Aneurysmen: Mittelfristige Ergebnisse einer prospektiven Studie. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-940778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
114
|
Brandt M, Hedderich J, Hirt S, Lentz S, Schäfer H, Walluscheck K, Cremer J, Bruhn HD, Abukishe A. Chronisch-arterielle Verschlusskrankheit der Beine im Stadium IIb-IV. Hamostaseologie 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1617064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
ZusammenfassungDie Faktor-V- und Faktor-II-Mutationen sind nach der Literatur mit einem erhöhten Risiko für venöse Thrombosen verbunden. Die Bedeutung der Mutationen im Faktor-IIund -V-Gen für die Entstehung und das Fortschreiten der arteriellen Verschlusskrankheit ist bislang nicht geklärt. Wir untersuchten das Vorhandensein dieser Mutationen bei 152 Patienten mit dokumentierter pAVK und 318 Kontrollen (ohne pAVK) mittels Polymerase-Kettenreaktion (PCR) und RFLP-Analyse. Die Ergebnisse erbrachten keinen Hinweis auf eine Assoziation zwischen einer Faktor-II-Mutation und der Entstehung einer pAVK. Dagegen waren Faktor- V-Mutationen bei pAVK-Patienten doppelt so häufig zu beobachten wie bei Gesunden (in der Kontrollgruppe ergaben sich 12 positive Fälle bei 318 Probanden, in der Patientengruppe ergaben sich 12 positive Fälle bei 152 Patienten). In der statistischen Analyse wurde das Signifikanzniveau (p = 0,05) zwar erreicht, aber nicht unterschritten. Das Chancenverhältnis (Odds-Ratio) betrug 2,19 (Konfidenzintervall 0,96-4,99). Schlussfolgerung: Die biologische Relevanz der Faktor-V-Mutation in der Pathogenese der pAVK kann aufgrund unserer Daten diskutiert werden.
Collapse
|
115
|
Buchner A, Brandt M, Bell R, Weise J. Car backlight position and fog density bias observer-car distance estimates and time-to-collision judgments. HUMAN FACTORS 2006; 48:300-17. [PMID: 16884051 DOI: 10.1518/001872006777724363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A series of experiments assessed biases in perceived distance that occur while driving as a function of the backlight position of the car ahead and fog density. BACKGROUND V. Cavallo, M. Colomb, and J. Doré (2001) have shown that smaller horizontal backlight separation and fog may result in increased estimates of the distance between an observer and a car of which only the backlights are visible. They also predicted that raising the height of the car backlights would lead to increasing distance estimates. METHOD Distance perception was assessed in both static and dynamic computer-simulated scenarios in which the distance estimates were performed using a familiarized analog scale or using time-to-collision judgments for both pairs of backlights and single backlights. RESULTS In a series of five experiments, the horizontal separation and fog density effects were replicated. In addition, distance estimates were consistently larger with higher than with lower vertical backlight positions. CONCLUSION There is reason to believe that biases in distance perception may be augmented by car backlight positions and by low-visibility weather conditions. APPLICATION Car designers should take backlight placement seriously. Speed-dependent car-to-car distance control systems seem desirable to counteract biases in distance perception.
Collapse
|
116
|
Brandt M, Hussel K, Walluscheck KP, Böning A, Rahimi A, Cremer J. Early and Long-term Results of Replacement of the Descending Aorta. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2005; 30:365-9. [PMID: 15890547 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2005.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2004] [Accepted: 04/06/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this analysis was to evaluate our results of open surgery on the descending thoracic aorta as benchmark to define indications for endovascular treatment. METHODS Between January 1981 and December 2000, 115 patients underwent replacement of the descending or thoraco-abdominal aorta. Follow-up to 20 years was complete in 98%. RESULTS Early mortality was 19% and paraplegia rate was 7%. Surgery before 1990 and coronary artery disease were independent predictors for early mortality. Thoraco-abdominal repair and normothermia were independent predictors for paraplegia. Ten years survival rate was 63%. CONCLUSIONS Our results confirm that replacement of the descending aorta can be performed today with acceptable low mortality and morbidity and with consistent exclusion of the aneurysm or dissection. Long-term results of endovascular stent-grafts in the descending aorta are unclear. In our opinion endovascular stent-grafts should be reserved for high risk patients, acute dissection or acute aortic rupture.
Collapse
|
117
|
Walluscheck KP, Bierkandt S, Brandt M, Cremer J. Infrainguinal ePTFE vascular graft with bioactive surface heparin bonding. First clinical results. THE JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY 2005; 46:425-30. [PMID: 16160689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM The ultimate aim of improved expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) vascular graft design is to achieve patency rates in femoropopliteal bypass grafting comparable with autologous saphenous vein grafts. Enhanced thromboresistance of the ePTFE material by bioactive surface heparin bonding is one conceivable path toward this goal. This retrospective study was performed to collect the first clinical data for a new ePTFE graft with bioactive surface heparin immobilization. METHODS Between March 2003 and February 2004, 43 femoropopliteal or femorocrural ePTFE vascular prostheses with bioactive end-point immobilized heparin (Gore-Tex Propaten Vascular Graft), using the Car-meda BioActive Surface technology, were implanted in 40 patients. Twelve prostheses were implanted in above-knee and 31 in below-knee position. The indication for bypass grafting was limb-threatening ischemia in 88% of the patients. The mean follow-up was 16.6 months. RESULTS The primary 1-year patency was 91% for above-knee bypass grafts and 92% for below-knee bypass grafts. The 2-year primary patency rate for above-knee bypass grafts was 68% and 81% for below-knee bypass grafts. Limb salvage was achieved in 98%. The perioperative mortality was 0%, but during follow-up 22% of the patients died with patent bypass grafts. CONCLUSIONS While conventional ePTFE grafts, particularly in the below-knee position, have shown poor results even in the short-term, the bioactive heparinized ePTFE graft evaluated in this study provides patency rates comparable with autologous vein grafts. Because the influence of luminal heparin bonding is not only limited to thromboresistance but has impact on, amongst other elements, protein adsorption (thereby improving hemocompatibility), a continuous effect for long-term patency could also be expected.
Collapse
|
118
|
Polifke W, Brandt M, Gharaibah E. Modeling of Mixing and Reaction in Turbulent Multi-Phase Flows with Distribution Functions. Chem Eng Technol 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.200500062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
119
|
Brandt M, Heinze J, Schmitt T, Foitzik S. A chemical level in the coevolutionary arms race between an ant social parasite and its hosts. J Evol Biol 2005; 18:576-86. [PMID: 15842487 DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2004.00867.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Here we investigate the coevolutionary interactions between the slavemaking ant Protomognathus americanus and its Temnothorax hosts on a chemical level. We show that, although this social parasite is principally well-adapted to its hosts' cuticular hydrocarbon profile, there are pronounced differences in the fine-tuning of this adaptation. Between populations, chemical adaptation varies with host community composition, as the parasite faces a trade-off when confronted with more than one host species. In addition to adaptation of its own chemical signature, the slavemaker causes a reciprocal adjustment in its slaves' cuticular profile, the degree of which depends on the slave species. On the host side, successful parasite defence requires efficient enemy recognition, and in behavioural aggression trials, host colonies could indeed discriminate between invading slaves, which commonly accompany slavemakers on raids, and free-living conspecifics. Furthermore, hosts shifted their acceptance threshold over the seasons, presumably to reduce the costs of defence.
Collapse
|
120
|
Brandt M, Hussel K, Walluscheck K, Ernst M, Jahnke T, Müller-Hülsbeck S, Cremer J. Quality of life after open and endovascular repair of the descending aorta. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-862034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
121
|
Brandt M, Walluscheck K, Kuchenbecker S, Jahnke T, Heller M, Cremer J, Müller-Hülsbeck S. Mid-term results after endovascular stent grafting of the descending aorta in high risk patients. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-862125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
122
|
Brandt M, Nagel P, Fleischmann A, Enss C, Hunklinger S. Evidence for the crucial role of nuclear spins for the magnetic field effect in polarization echoes in glasses. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/pssc.200405380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
123
|
Gernhardt CR, Eppendorf K, Kozlowski A, Brandt M. Toxicity of concentrated sodium hypochlorite used as an endodontic irrigant. Int Endod J 2004; 37:272-80. [PMID: 15056354 DOI: 10.1111/j.0143-2885.2004.00804.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM To present a clinical case that illustrates the toxicity of concentrated sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) on vital tissues. SUMMARY The severe clinical consequences of extruding concentrated NaOCl into the periradicular tissues during root canal irrigation are described. After diagnosis of external resorption in tooth 34, endodontic treatment was initiated. Following irrigation with a concentrated NaOCl solution, a rapidly developing swelling and haematoma were visible. During the next few days, an extensive bruise and local necrosis of the oral mucosa developed. After healing of the involved tissues, the canal was prepared and obturated. At this time, no clinical symptoms remained. KEY LEARNING POINTS * The use of concentrated NaOCl as a root canal irrigant might cause severe clinical problems when extruded into vital tissues. * The present report confirms the known toxicity of NaOCl to soft tissues following inadvertent extrusion. * To avoid extrusion, it is always prudent to confirm the length and integrity of the root canal system before irrigating with concentrated solutions.
Collapse
|
124
|
Brandt M, Gharaibah E, Polifke W. Modellierung von Mischung und Reaktion in turbulenten Mehrphasenströmungen mittels Verteilungsfunktionen. CHEM-ING-TECH 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.200403300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
125
|
Brandt M, Hussel K, Walluscheck KP, M�ller-H�lsbeck S, Brossmann J, Cremer J. Endovascular stent grafting versus open surgery for the descending aorta – A case-match study. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-816667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|