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Chistov AA, Orlov AA, Streshnev PP, Slesarchuk NA, Aparin IO, Rathi B, Brylev VA, Kutyakov SV, Mikhura IV, Ustinov AV, Westman G, Palyulin VA, Jain N, Osolodkin DI, Kozlovskaya LI, Korshun VA. Compounds based on 5-(perylen-3-ylethynyl)uracil scaffold: High activity against tick-borne encephalitis virus and non-specific activity against enterovirus A. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 171:93-103. [PMID: 30909022 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Rigid amphipathic fusion inhibitors (RAFIs) are potent antivirals based on a perylene core linked with a nucleoside moiety. Sugar-free analogues of RAFIs, 5-(perylen-3-ylethynyl)uracil-1-acetic acid 1 and its amides 2, were synthesized using combined protection group strategy. Compounds 1 and 2 appeared to have low toxicity on porcine embryo kidney (PEK) or rhabdomiosarcoma (RD) cells together with remarkable activity against enveloped tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV): EC50 values vary from 0.077 μM to subnanomolar range. Surprisingly, 3-pivaloyloxymethyl (Pom) protected precursors 7 and 8 showed even more pronounced activity. All the compounds showed no activity against several non-enveloped enteroviruses, except 4-hydroxybutylamides 2d,g, which inhibited the reproduction of enterovirus A71 with EC50 50-100 μM, with a non-specific mode of action. The results suggest that the carbohydrate moiety of RAFI nucleosides does not play a crucial role in their antiviral action, and biological activity of the 5-(perylen-3-ylethynyl)uracil scaffold can be effectively modulated by substituents in positions 1 and 3. The high antiviral activity of these new compounds, coupled with low toxicity advocate their potential role in antiviral therapy.
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Jain N, Mahmood S, Shellikeri S, Cahill A, Krishnamurthy G, Srinivasan A. 04:03 PM Abstract No. 303 Percutaneous image-guided bone biopsy for suspected pediatric osteomyelitis. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.12.369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Palchaudhuri R, Pearse BR, Proctor JL, Hyzy SL, Aslanian S, Bhat A, Gillard GO, McDonough SM, Sarma GN, Ladwig D, Li Q, Jain N, Panwar R, Sawant P, Dushime J, Falahee PC, Kien L, Lamothe TL, Gabros AD, Adams HL, McDonagh CF, Boitano AE, Cooke MP. Non-Genotoxic Conditioning Using Amanitin Antibody-Drug Conjugates Targeting CD45 Effectively Deplete Human and Non-Human Primate Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Immune Cells. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2018.12.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Chauhan SMS, Jain N. Microwave Assisted Dealkylation of Alkyl Aryl Ethers in Ionic Liquids. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.3184/0308234043431735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Alkyl aryl ethers undergo selective dealkylation in 1-butyl pyridinium bromide and 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium bromide ionic liquids under microwave irradiation to give the corresponding phenols in high yields. The ionic liquids serve the dual purpose of solvent as well as reagent and allow easy isolation of products.
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Agarwal G, Sonthineni C, Mohindra N, Jain N, Neyaz Z, Agrawal V, Krishnani N, Maylivahnan S, Mishra A, Lal P. Abstract P1-15-11: Predicting pathological complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) based on pre- and post-NACT digital mammography and digital breast tomosynthesis findings. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p1-15-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: In invasive breast cancer patients being treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT), achieving pathological complete response (pCR) is a useful goal of treatment. Monitoring response to NACT and predicting pCR is helpful in planning further therapy and providing robust prognostic information. Digital mammography (DM) and additional digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) features are important tell-tales of tumor characteristics and behaviour. Following NACT, the mammographic features- both DM and DBT- of responding tumors can vary considerably. In this prospective study, we correlated the DM and DBT features of pre-NACT and post-NACT mammograms to investigate if these can reliably predict pCR to NACT.
Methods: Following approval by institutional ethics committee, starting January 2016, 200 consecutive invasive breast carcinoma patients (mean age 51.2 years, all palpable breast masses) undergoing diagnostic breast imaging had their DM and DBT reviewed by two radiologists independently, who were blinded of the cyto/histology and the original DM and DBT reporting. Of these, 47 patients who were treated with NACT and had pre- and post-NACT DM and DBT were recruited. After a core-biopsy, radio-opaque marker(s) were placed in tumor core/margin. The pre- and post-NACT DM and DBT findings were compared and correlated with the extent of response of the primary breast tumor to NACT. DM and DBT characteristics predictive of (in-breast) pCR of index breast lesion were identified.
Results: Of the 47 patients who underwent NACT, 44 received both anthracycline and taxane, and 3 received only an anthracycline based combination chemotherapy. Twelve patients underwent breast conservative surgery and the remaining underwent mastectomy. pCR was seen in 17 (36.2%) patients based on the surgical specimen histology. On clinical examination, 19 (40.4%) patients had clinical complete response (cCR) of the breast tumor, 11 (64.7%) of whom had pCR as well. Five patients had radiological complete response (rCR, no breast lesion visualised on post-NACT imaging)- 2 patients on DM alone, 2 patients on DBT alone, and one patient on both DM and DBT. Radio-opaque clips had some obscuring effects in 3 of these 5 patients, especially on DBT, in form of reduced visibility of breast lesion on DBT, c.w. corresponding DM images. All 5 patients with rCR had pCR (sensitivity=29.4%, specificity=100%), in contrast to only 11 (57.9%) patients with cCR having pCR. Patients with pCR had benign appearing (forced Bi-RADS 2 and 3) lesions on mammography more commonly on DM (p<0.001) than on DBT (p=0.042) (41.2% vs 23.5%). Post NACT lesion morphology varied significantly between patients with and without pCR on DM (p=0.038) but not on DBT (p=0.182). Pre-NACT forced Bi-RADS score, lesion morphology or margin characteristics on DM and DBT did not vary significantly amongst patients with and without pCR.
Conclusions: Post-NACT DM and DBT features can predict pCR with high specificity but with low sensitivity. Pre-NACT DM and DBT features did not reliably predict response to NACT, and pCR in this study. DM may be better than DBT for assessing response to NACT in the presence of radio-opaque markers/clips.
Citation Format: Agarwal G, Sonthineni C, Mohindra N, Jain N, Neyaz Z, Agrawal V, Krishnani N, Maylivahnan S, Mishra A, Lal P. Predicting pathological complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) based on pre- and post-NACT digital mammography and digital breast tomosynthesis findings [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-15-11.
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Jain N, Jinagal J, Kaur H, Ghosh A, Gupta S, Ram J, Rudramurthy SM. Ocular infection caused by Hormographiella aspergillata: A case report and review of literature. J Mycol Med 2019; 29:71-74. [PMID: 30630667 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Hormographiella aspergillata, a basidiomycete is a rare cause of human infection. We report a case of 70-year-old female with corneal ulcer and endophthalmitis caused by this agent. The patient had an intraocular implantation of lens following a cataract surgery. Corneal tissue obtained during therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty showed presence of septate hyphae on microscopy and culture grew H. aspergillata which was confirmed by sequencing of ITS region. Patient was started on systemic voriconazole and topical natamycin, however the eye could not be salvaged. To our knowledge, this is the first report of ocular infection caused Hormographiella aspergillata in an immunocompetent patient.
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Gupta S, Dubey P, Singh AK, Jain N. Oxidative C–C bond formation and C–N bond cleavage catalyzed by complexes of copper(i) with acridine based (E N E) pincers (E = S/Se), recyclable as a catalyst. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:10129-10137. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt01766f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Structurally characterized 1 mol% Cu(i)-complexes efficiently catalyze the coupling of tertiary amines with terminal alkynes and C–N bond cleavage.
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Khanna R, Jain N, Goel P, Kumar S. Mouse in the pleural cavity. Lung India 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/0970-2113.257703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Heffernan M, Andrews G, Fiatarone Singh MA, Valenzuela M, Anstey KJ, Maeder AJ, McNeil J, Jorm L, Lautenschlager NT, Sachdev PS, Ginige JA, Hobbs MJ, Boulamatsis C, Chau T, Cobiac L, Cox KL, Daniel K, Flood VM, Guerrero Y, Gunn J, Jain N, Kochan NA, Lampit A, Mavros Y, Meiklejohn J, Noble Y, O’Leary F, Radd-Vagenas S, Walton CC, Brodaty H. Maintain Your Brain: Protocol of a 3-Year Randomized Controlled Trial of a Personalized Multi-Modal Digital Health Intervention to Prevent Cognitive Decline Among Community Dwelling 55 to 77 Year Olds. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 70:S221-S237. [PMID: 30475762 PMCID: PMC6700632 DOI: 10.3233/jad-180572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maintain Your Brain (MYB) is a randomized controlled trial of an online multi-modal lifestyle intervention targeting modifiable dementia risk factors with its primary aim being to reduce cognitive decline in an older age cohort. METHODS MYB aims to recruit 8,500 non-demented community dwelling 55 to 77 year olds from the Sax Institute's 45 and Up Study in New South Wales, Australia. Participants will be screened for risk factors related to four modules that comprise the MYB intervention: physical activity, nutrition, mental health, and cognitive training. Targeting risk factors will enable interventions to be personalized so that participants receive the most appropriate modules. MYB will run for three years and up to four modules will be delivered sequentially each quarter during year one. Upon completing a module, participants will continue to receive less frequent booster activities for their eligible modules (except for the mental health module) until the end of the trial. DISCUSSION MYB will be the largest internet-based trial to attempt to prevent cognitive decline and potentially dementia. If successful, MYB will provide a model for not just effective intervention among older adults, but an intervention that is scalable for broad use.
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Jain N, Gupta V, Mathur NB, Kumar A, Khurana N, Sarin YK. Enterogenous Cyst Presenting as Mediastinal Mass in a Newborn. J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg 2019; 24:72-74. [PMID: 30686893 PMCID: PMC6322178 DOI: 10.4103/jiaps.jiaps_34_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Duplication cyst is a rare congenital malformation. Enterogenous cyst are foregut duplication cyst with or without a vertebral defect. We report a case of a 36hr old neonate with mediastinal enterogenous cyst associated with vertebral defects. The embryology, differentials, and management of enterogenous cyst in the newborn have been discussed.
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Plastow R, Cullen C, Imalingat H, Sergeant J, Jain N. MRI scans do not accurately predict hamstring graft diameter for ACL reconstruction. Muscles Ligaments Tendons J 2019. [DOI: 10.32098/mltj.04.2018.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Attalla R, Puersten E, Jain N, Selvaganapathy PR. 3D bioprinting of heterogeneous bi- and tri-layered hollow channels within gel scaffolds using scalable multi-axial microfluidic extrusion nozzle. Biofabrication 2018; 11:015012. [PMID: 30537688 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/aaf7c7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
One of the primary focuses in recent years in tissue engineering has been the fabrication and integration of vascular structures into artificial tissue constructs. However, most available methodologies lack the ability to create multi-layered concentric conduits inside natural extracellular matrices (ECMs) and gels that replicate more accurately the hierarchical architecture of biological blood vessels. In this work, we present a new microfluidic nozzle design capable of multi-axial extrusion in order to 3D print and pattern bi- and tri-layered hollow channel structures. This nozzle allows, for the first time, for these structures to be embedded within layers of gels and ECMs in a fast, simple and low-cost manner. By varying flow rates (1-6 ml min-1), printspeeds (1-16 m min-1), and material concentration (25-175 mM and 1.5%-2.5% for calcium chloride and alginate, respectively) we are able to accurately determine the operational printing range as well as achieve a wide range of conduit dimensions (0.69-2.31 mm) that can be printed within a few seconds. Our scalable design allows for multi-axial extrusion and versatility in material incorporation in order to create heterogeneous structures. We demonstrate the ability to print distinct concentric layers of different cell types, namely endothelial cells and fibroblasts. By incorporating various layers of different cell-friendly materials (such as collagen and fibrin) alongside materials with high mechanical strength (i.e. alginate), we were able to increase long-term cell viability and growth without compromising the structural integrity. In this way, we can improve cellular adhesion in our biocompatible constructs as well as allow them to remain structurally sound. We are able to realize complex heterogeneous, hierarchical architectures that have strong potential for use not only in vascular tissue applications, but also in other artificially fabricated tubular or fiber-like structures such as skeletal muscle or nerve conduits.
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Radd-Vagenas S, Fiatarone Singh MA, Daniel K, Noble Y, Jain N, O'Leary F, Mavros Y, Heffernan M, Meiklejohn J, Guerrero Y, Chau T, Sachdev PS, Brodaty H, Flood VM. Validity of the Mediterranean Diet and Culinary Index (MediCul) for Online Assessment of Adherence to the 'Traditional' Diet and Aspects of Cuisine in Older Adults. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1913. [PMID: 30518078 PMCID: PMC6315571 DOI: 10.3390/nu10121913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet is associated with multiple health benefits. Yet, no tool has been specifically developed to assess adherence to the 'traditional' Mediterranean diet and cuisine within a Western cohort, and validated for online use. We tested the reliability and validity of online administration of the Mediterranean Diet and Culinary Index (MediCul) among middle-aged and older adults. Participants were recruited in January⁻March 2017 from the 45 and Up Study, completing MediCul twice. Test-retest reliability was assessed using the paired t-test, intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman plot. Validity was tested against a three-day food record (FR)-derived MediCul score using Bland-Altman and nutrient trends across the MediCul score tertiles. Participants (n = 84; 60% female; 65.4 years (SD = 5.9)), were overweight (BMI 26.1; SD = 4.0) with 1.7 (SD = 1.5) chronic illnesses/conditions. Sequential MediCul tool scores were 56.1/100.0 and 56.8/100.0, respectively (t = -1.019; p = 0.311). Reliability via ICC (ICC = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.789, 0.910, p < 0.0001) and Bland-Altman was good. In Bland-Altman validity analyses, the tool over-reported FR MediCul score by 5.6 points with no systematic bias ((y = 8.7 - 0.06*x) (95% CI: -0.278, 0.158, p = 0.584)). Nutrient trends were identified for MediCul consistent with expected Mediterranean patterns. Online MediCul administration demonstrated good reliability and moderate validity for assessing adherence to a 'traditional' Mediterranean pattern among older Australians.
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Jain N, Bauman PA, Hamilton WG, Merkle A, Adler RS. Can Elite Dancers Return to Dance After Ultrasound-Guided Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) Injections? J Dance Med Sci 2018; 22:225-232. [PMID: 30477612 DOI: 10.12678/1089-313x.22.4.225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Dancers exert tremendous stresses on the lower extremities rendering them prone to injuries that can curtail training and performance. The goal of this study was to evaluate clinical improvement in a population of elite dancers following treatment with ultrasound-guided platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections of various lower extremity sites by assessing when they were able to return to dance. Nineteen dancers (13 female, 6 male; ages 15 to 42) were treated between 2009 and 2016 at sites that included: hamstring tendon (1), proximal iliotibial band (1), patellar tendon (3), posterior tibial tendon (5), peroneus brevis tendon (3), plantar fascia (3), and the first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint capsule (3). Injections were performed by a single radiologist using the same PRP kit under ultrasound guidance. All patients adhered to standard post-care instructions, including non-weightbearing and avoidance of NSAIDs for at least 2 weeks post-injection. Clinical charts were reviewed for factors including: adherence to post-injection immobilization and physical therapy, physical exam assessments, and milestones in returning to dance. The time-point for returning to dance was defined by attendance of class or rehearsal without symptoms referring to the treated site. Eighteen subjects achieved return to dance, 13 in 6 months or less, and the majority (10) within 3 months of injection. Five subjects required more than 6 months recovery time. These cases all involved foot and ankle sites; of these, two subjects required repeat injections, and both returned to dance within 11 months of the second injection. In the single case where PRP treatment failed, the injury treated was severe plantar fasciopathy with a high-grade central cord tear. It is concluded that ultrasound-guided PRP injections may play a role in the treatment of various lower extremity injuries in elite dancers, with the majority of subjects in this series returning to dance within 6 months. Recovery time may vary depending on the site treated and severity of the presenting injury.
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Yanamandra U, Sahu KK, Karunakaran P, Katoch D, Jain N, Khadwal A, Prakash G, Lad D, Naseem S, Varma N, Varma S, Malhotra P. Adolescent and Young Adult Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in Real-World Settings: Experience from a Tertiary Care Institute in Northern India. J Adolesc Young Adult Oncol 2018; 8:94-97. [PMID: 30383979 DOI: 10.1089/jayao.2018.0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The data on adolescent and young adult chronic myeloid leukemia (AYA-CML) from the Indian subcontinent are scarce. We studied characteristics of AYA-CML through a retrospective analysis of 1950 CML patients registered to a tertiary care hospital in Northern India. AYA-CML represented 22.1% of all CML patients, with cumulative overall survival (OS) of 84%, and 1 and 8 years OS of 94.2% and 74.2%, respectively. Of all cases, 8.91% patients had advanced disease at the time of diagnosis, and 13.95% had myelofibrosis in the diagnostic marrow, 79.6% had complete cytogenetic response (CCyR), and 84.5% had major molecular response (MMR). Loss of CCyR and MMR was noted in 37.2% and 28.4%, respectively. The cumulative OS was significantly better in patients on patient assistance program, and they were initiated on therapy within 3 months of symptom onset.
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Jain N. Jain Point: A New Safe Portal for Laparoscopic Entry in Previous Surgery Cases. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2018.09.723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Owei I, Jain N, Jones D, Umekwe N, Dagogo-Jack S. Physiology of Glycemic Recovery and Stabilization After Hyperinsulinemic Euglycemic Clamp in Healthy Subjects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2018; 103:4155-4162. [PMID: 30239760 PMCID: PMC6194810 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2018-01569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp (HEC) is the gold standard for measuring insulin sensitivity, but glycemic recovery and stabilization after the procedure have not been well studied. Here, we assessed the physiological determinants of postclamp recovery. METHODS We analyzed data from 207 healthy subjects [102 African American (AA) and 105 European American (EA)] who underwent HEC in the Pathobiology of Prediabetes in a Biracial Cohort study. At the end of HEC, insulin infusion was stopped, and dextrose (20%) infusion was tapered and stopped when plasma glucose stabilized ≥20 mg/dL above the preclamp value (∼100 mg/dL). Glucose recovery time (GRT) was defined as the interval from cessation of insulin infusion to discontinuation of dextrose infusion. Insulin clearance was calculated under basal and clamp conditions. RESULTS The mean (± SD) age and body mass index were 46.3 ± 9.96 years and 30.7 ± 8.43 kg/m2, respectively. Plasma glucose (mg/dL) was 92.2 ± 6.26 preclamp and 124.2 ± 26.9 postclamp. The median GRT (minutes) was 65 (range, 30 to 270); mean GRT was 77.1 ± 42.7 (men: 82.9 ± 45.5; women: 74.4 ± 42.3; AA, 82.0 ± 49.6; EA, 72.3 ± 34.2; P > 0.1 for sex or race). The 90th percentile for GRT was 119 minutes. In regression models, significant predictors of GRT were age (P = 0.03), weight (P = 0.009), 2-hour plasma glucose (P = 0.0002), insulin sensitivity (P = 0.03), disposition index (P = 0.017), and basal insulin clearance (P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS In our biracial cohort, glycemic recovery after hyperinsulinemic clamp was independent of sex or race but was significantly predicted by age, weight, and glucose tolerance and by insulin sensitivity, secretion, and clearance. We recommend that monitoring be maintained for ∼2 hours postclamp to ensure adequate glycemic stabilization.
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Dwivedi LK, Banerjee K, Jain N, Ranjan M, Dixit P. Child health and unhealthy sanitary practices in India: Evidence from Recent Round of National Family Health Survey-IV. SSM Popul Health 2018; 7:013-13. [PMID: 31297430 PMCID: PMC6597875 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2018.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Despite threefold increase in investment (from Rs. 28,500 million to Rs. 90,000 million during 2014-17) in the allocation of funds for the Clean India movement, creating awareness and various social movements, more than half of the rural population (52.1%) of the country still defecates in the open. This study aims to examine the prevalence of improved sanitation facilities and safe stool disposal in India and its states. It also aims to further establish inter-linkages between safe stool disposal and child health. Study design The present study uses data from the fourth round of the recently conducted cross-sectional National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4, 2015-16). Methods Two proxy indicators used to assess the effect on child health are: stunting and mortality of children under the age of five years. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to examine the impact of improved sanitation facilities and safe stool disposal on child health measured by height-for-age as a dichotomous variable. Multivariate discrete-time logistic model was used to examine the impact of improved sanitation facilities and safe stool disposal on under-five child deaths. Results The results reveal that unsafe disposal of stools are one of the main contributing factors responsible for stunting and under-five mortality among children. The prevalence was clearly seen to be higher in households where open defecation and unsafe stool disposal were practised. Conclusions The central behavioural change to be brought about among the people is to improve the cleanliness levels of the neighbourhood and help children spend their childhood free from the misery of malnourishment or in the worst case, death. It is not an impossible task for a country that houses the cleanest village in Asia, Mawlynnong in the Northeast state of Meghalaya, India. If one state could do it, it could be replicated in other states too.
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Jain N, Dutta P, Dutta A, Sharma R, Bhansali A. Panhypopituitarism: a rare cause of cardiac tamponade. QJM 2018; 111:731-732. [PMID: 29917127 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcy127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Jain N, Nagarajappa AK, Bhasin M, Pandya D, Tripathi KP. Role of Chemiluminescence examination as non-invasive diagnostic tool in early detection of Leukoplakia. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2018; 8:177-181. [PMID: 30191104 PMCID: PMC6107910 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the efficacy of Chemiluminescent light (Vizilite plus) in enhancing visualization and its ability to highlight Leukoplakia lesion. MATERIAL AND METHODS This was a cross-sectional study done on 40 study subjects. Subjects were inducted into the study irrespective of age and sex based on the specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. The lesion parameters like the location of the lesion, the shape of lesion, the size, the extent, borders and the presence or absence of any adjacent satellite lesions were assessed under Incandescent light followed by Toluidine blue and Vizilite plus examinations. Histopathological examination results were considered as the gold standard and TBLU and CHEM outcomes were compared to them. RESULTS Vizilite plus examination method was most effective in assessing the size, borders and shape of the lesions followed by Toluidine blue and Incandescent light examinations. Toluidine blue and Vizilite plus examination methods demonstrated the sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 97.3%. They also demonstrated PPV of 100% and NPV of 75% with reliable accuracy of 97.5%. CONCLUSION Chemiluminescent light is a stepping stone and has the potential to revolutionize the diagnostic protocol for patients with potentially premalignant lesions. The device can be used as a general oral mucosal examination system and may in particular improve the visualization of potentially premalignant lesions.
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Deshmukh MS, Jain N. Correction to "Design, Synthesis, and Antibacterial Evaluation of Oxazolidinones with Fused Heterocyclic C-Ring Substructure". ACS Med Chem Lett 2018; 9:512. [PMID: 29795797 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.8b00164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.7b00263.].
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Hornick E, Banoth B, Miller A, Zacharias ZR, Jain N, Wilson ME, Gibson-Corley K, Legge KL, Bishop GA, Sutterwala FS, Cassel S. Nlrp12 mediates adverse neutrophil recruitment during influenza virus infection. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.200.supp.60.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Exaggerated inflammatory responses during influenza A virus (IAV) infection are typically associated with severe disease. Neutrophils are among the immune cells that can drive this excessive and detrimental inflammation. In moderation, however, neutrophils are necessary for optimal viral control. In this study, we explore the role of the nucleotide-binding domain leucinerich repeat containing receptor (NLR) family member Nlrp12 in modulating neutrophilic responses during lethal IAV infection. Nlrp12−/− mice are protected from lethality during IAV infection and show decreased vascular permeability, fewer pulmonary neutrophils, and a reduction in levels of neutrophil chemoattractant CXCL1 in their lungs compared to wild-type (WT) mice. Nlrp12−/− neutrophils and dendritic cells (DCs) within the IAV-infected lungs produce less CXCL1 than their WT counterparts. Decreased CXCL1 production by Nlrp12−/− cells was not due to a difference in CXCL1 protein stability, but instead to a decrease in Cxcl1 mRNA stability. Together, these data demonstrate a previously unappreciated role for Nlrp12 in exacerbating the pathogenesis of IAV infection through the regulation of CXCL1 mediated neutrophilic responses.
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Perez M, Robinson J, Jain N, Donaldson M. 254 The sun protective behaviors and attitudes of early childhood programs in Illinois. J Invest Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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124
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Sharma P, Jain N. Chemoselective Synthesis of N
-arylbenzamides and Benzoyloxyacetanilides from Aryl Isocyanides: Styrene as Aryl and Arylcarboxymethylene Source. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201800107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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125
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Jindal T, Jain N, Agarwal A. Type II papillary renal cell carcinoma with heterotrophic ossification: a case report. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2018; 100:e49-e50. [PMID: 29493352 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2017.0212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterotrophic ossification in tumours is an uncommon phenomenon. The presence of ossification in renal cell carcinomas is extremely rare. In this report, we present a unique case of type II papillary renal cell carcinoma associated with heterotrophic ossification.
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