101
|
Tang P, Zhao YC, Chen DZ, Xia FY. Volatility of heavy metals during incineration of tannery sludge in the presence of chlorides and phosphoric acid. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2008; 26:369-376. [PMID: 18727329 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x08092024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge of the behaviour of heavy metals in the combustion process is a most important factor in selecting disposal alternatives for waste materials. Accordingly, in this work, the vaporization behaviour of highly concentrated heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Cu and Cr) in tannery sludge were investigated experimentally. The sludge was spiked with various chlorine compounds (i.e. PVC, FeCl3, CaCl2 and NaCl) and pre-treated with phosphoric acid in order to evaluate the capacity of enhancement and weakening of the volatility of the heavy metals contained in tannery sludge. The experimental results show that the vaporization percentages increased with increasing ratio of Cl/sludge and temperature, and the accelerating and increasing effect of the addition of chlorides on the vaporization percentage of heavy metals was dependent on the release capacity of chlorine radicals. The vaporization percentages of lead and zinc increased by 15-20%, whereas those of copper and chromium increased by only about 3 and 10% at 800 degrees C. However, heavy metals were not expected to be completely released in the combustion process in spite of the high ratio of Cl/sludge. Alternately, heavy metals contained in tannery sludge can be immobilized effectively by pre-treatment with phosphoric acid. When the 85% phosphoric acid accounted for 10% of dry basis of tannery sludge, the phosphate-treated sludge showed the lowest vaporization percentage of about 3-15% with formation of Ca18Cu3(PO4)14, Ca9Cr(PO4)7, Ca19Zn2(PO4)14 and PbMgP2O7 in the bottom ash.
Collapse
|
102
|
Biswas T, Tang P, Muhs A, Ling M. Angiosarcoma of the breast: A rare clinicopathological entity. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.21504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
103
|
Townsley C, Oza AM, Tang P, Siu LL, Pond GR, Sarveswaran P, Webster S, Zwiebel JA, Chen EX. Expanded phase I study of vorinostat (VOR) in combination with capecitabine (CAP) in patients (pts) with advanced solid tumors. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.11096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
104
|
Chen EX, Pond GR, Tang P. Influence of independent review committees (IRC) on assessment of response rate and progression free survival in phase III clinical trials. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.6567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
105
|
Tang P, Cohen SJ, Bjarnason GA, Kollmannsberger C, Virik K, MacKenzie MJ, Brown J, Wang L, Chen AP, Moore MJ. Phase II trial of aflibercept (VEGF Trap) in previously treated patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (MCRC): A PMH phase II consortium trial. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.4027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
106
|
Elefteriades J, Singh M, Tang P, Siegel MD, Kenney B, Pandey A, Kopf GS. Unilateral diaphragm paralysis: etiology, impact, and natural history. THE JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY 2008; 49:289-295. [PMID: 18431352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
AIM The etiology, clinical impact, natural history and best therapy of unilateral diaphragm paralysis (UDP) are incompletely understood. This condition is not amenable to pacing, which requires an intact phrenic nerve. METHODS Clinical records of patients with UDP referred to our diaphragm center were reviewed. RESULTS Thirty-six patients (28 male, 8 female) aged 1 month to 78 years (mean 47.8 years) with UDP evaluated from 1983 to February 2007 were reviewed. Etiology was postsurgical in 13 (36%), tumor (with surgery or radiation therapy) in 7 (19%), idiopathic in 6 (17%), trauma (motor vehicle accident or head injury) in 5 (14%), polio in 3 (8%), and viral in 2 (6%) patients. 28 patients (78%) were symptomatic; 8 (22%) carried a diagnosis of coexisting chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Mean duration of paralysis was 57.9 months (range up to 261 months). The left diaphragm was involved in 23 cases (64%) and the right in 13 (36%). Mean forced expiratory volume (FEV1) was 1 915 mL (61.3% of predicted) and mean forced vital capacity (FVC) was 2 432 mL (62.9% of predicted). Mean pO2 was 69.9 mmHg (range 49 to 124), indicating considerable shunting through underventilated lung. Pulmonary infection affected 3 patients (8.4%). Diaphragm function returned in 17% of patients (mainly children) at mean of 10.3 months. Four incapacitated patients (11 %) were treated surgically, with resection of the hemi-diaphragm. Surgical exploration revealed neurogenic atrophy of the diaphragm muscle. All 4 resected patients showed clinical, oxymetric, and spirometric improvement. CONCLUSION The conclusion is drawn that: 1) UDP may be traumatic, tumor-related, iatrogenic, or idiopathic; 2) UDP decreases pO(2) substantially and breathing capacity by more than 1/3; 3) spontaneous recovery is possible; 4) UDP is not intrinsically lethal; 5) occasional patients are incapacited; 6) diaphragm resection produces clinical improvement via lower lobe re-expansion; 7) the incapacity incurred by UDP is mild compared to the clinical spectrum of bilateral diaphragm paralysis.
Collapse
|
107
|
Tang P, Puri VM. Segregation Quantification of Two-Component Particulate Mixtures: Effect of Particle Size, Density, Shape, and Surface Texture. PARTICULATE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/02726350701783977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
108
|
Ristic S, Collober-Maugeais C, Cressier F, Tang P, Pecher E. Nateglinide or gliclazide in combination with metformin for treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus inadequately controlled on maximum doses of metformin alone: 1-year trial results. Diabetes Obes Metab 2007; 9:506-11. [PMID: 17587393 DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-1326.2006.00632.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compare long-term efficacy and safety of nateglinide plus metformin with those of gliclazide plus metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes not adequately controlled with metformin monotherapy. METHODS Double-blind, double-dummy, multicentre study extended to a total of 52 weeks. Patients with inadequate glucose control on maximal doses of metformin were randomized to nateglinide (N = 133) or gliclazide (N = 129) add-on treatment. After the initial 6-month study, the majority of patients in the nateglinide group [n = 112 (93.3%)] and in the gliclazide group [n = 101 (92.7%)] entered a 6-month, double-blind, extension study. RESULTS There was no significant difference between treatment regimens in haemoglobin Alc (HbA1c) change from baseline to 52 weeks (-0.14% for nateglinide vs. -0.27% for gliclazide; p = 0.396). Proportions of patients achieving an endpoint HbA1c of <7% were similar (40 vs. 47.4%) for nateglinide and gliclazide groups. There was no significant between-treatment difference in fasting plasma glucose change from baseline to 52 weeks (nateglinide: -0.2 mmol/l and gliclazide: -0.7 mmol/l; p = 0.096). The decreases in prandial plasma glucose area under the curve(0-4 h) from baseline were -3.26 and -1.86 h x mmol/l in the nateglinide and the gliclazide groups respectively, and the change was statistically significant in the nateglinide group only (p = 0.006). Initial insulin response to a meal was augmented with nateglinide treatment only, without between-treatment difference in 2-h insulin response. The overall rate of hypoglycaemic events was similar with nateglinide and gliclazide combinations with metformin. Nateglinide plus metformin treatment was not associated with weight gain. CONCLUSIONS No significant difference was seen between nateglinide plus metformin and gliclazide plus metformin in terms of HbA1c. Treatment with nateglinide plus metformin for up to 12 months was not associated with weight gain.
Collapse
|
109
|
Broom RJ, Tang P, Simmons C, Bordeleau L, O’Malley FP, Miller N, Andrulis IL, Brenner DM, Clemons M. Changes in estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and HER2/neu status with time: Discordance rates between primary and metastatic breast pathology samples. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.1024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
1024 Background: The occurrence of changes in tumor receptor profile (ER, PR and HER-2/neu) between primary and metastatic tissue has been recognised and may have significant treatment implications. Previous reports on receptor discordance rates have tended to be from sub-studies of clinical trials. We sought to evaluate the degree of ER, PR and HER-2/neu receptor discordance in patients treated at two Canadian cancer centres. Methods: Archival data was collected on patients for whom tissue from both primary and metastatic sites was available. Patients with recurrences in the breast or axilla were excluded. ER, PR and HER-2/neu status in the primary and metastasis were compared. Additional information including adjuvant therapy and time to metastasis biopsy was gathered. Results: To date, data is available on 80 patients. Hormone receptor (HR) status was available for 96% of primaries and 56% of metastases. HR status on both the primary and the metastasis was performed in 51% of cases. The discordance rate for ER was 21% (2-sided p=0.0096). 12% of patients changed from ER+ to ER- and 9% changed from ER- to ER+. The discordance rate for PR was 37% (2-sided p=0.0001), with all of these patients changing from PR+ to PR-. No significant HR discordance was found among different adjuvant hormone therapy subgroups. There was no correlation between HR discordance and time to rebiopsy. No discordance for HER-2/neu was found. Conclusions: Significant discordance for HR status was observed, 21% for ER and 37% for PR. HER-2/neu discordance was not observed. We are currently exploring the practical implications of these discordance rates on the management of advanced breast cancer patients in a prospective trial. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Collapse
|
110
|
Tang P, Oza A, Townsley C, Siu L, Pond G, Sarveswaran P, Webster S, Zwiebel J, Chen E. A phase I study of vorinostat (VOR) in combination with capecitabine (CAP) in patients (pts) with advanced solid tumors. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.3576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
3576 Background: VOR (suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid; SAHA) is a small molecule inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC) that binds directly to the enzyme’s active site in the presence of a zinc ion. Aberrant HDAC activity has been implicated in a variety of cancers. The combination of 5-fluorouracil and VOR is synergistic in preclinical tumor models. Methods: This phase I study evaluated safety, tolerability, and the recommended phase II dose (RPTD) of VOR and CAP in pts with advanced solid tumors. VOR was administered orally daily while CAP was administered orally bid on days 1–14 of a 21 d cycle. Results: Three dose levels have been evaluated (VOR (mg/d)/CAP (mg/bid)): 300/750, 300/1,000 and 400/1,000. Twenty-three pts have been treated: 6M/17F, median age 59 (range 41–73), ECOG 0:1:2 = 9:13:1, prior therapy 1:2:3 or more = 3:7:13. Pts had colorectal cancer (n=6), nasopharyngeal (n=3) and various other tumors. A total of 104 cycles have been administered, with median = 2 (range 1–15). One dose limiting toxicity (DLT) (grade 3 diarrhea) occurred in 6 patients at dose level 1. No DLT were observed at dose level 2, and 2 DLTs (grade 3 fatigue and grade 3 nausea/vomiting) occurred at dose level 3. RPTD was determined to be VOR 300 mg/d and CAP 1,000 mg/bid. Most common toxicities of any grade and at least possibly attributable (n=22) are: thrombocytopenia (59% of pts), fatigue (55%), nausea (55%), vomiting (50%), hypoalbuminemia (45%), anemia (41%), diarrhea (41%), anorexia (41%), elevated creatinine (36%), lymphopenia (36%), hyponatremia (36%), and hyperglycemia (36%). Common grade 3 toxicities included: hand-foot syndrome (23% of pts), diarrhea (14%), fatigue (14%), and lymphopenia (14%). One pt died on study from ventricular fibrillation due to sotalol and hypocalcemia from pre-existing hypoparathyroidism. Five patients with various tumor types had PR (2 confirmed, 3 unconfirmed) (2 nasopharyngeal, 1 each of ovarian, endometrial and squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck). In addition, disease stabilization was seen in 12 patients. Conclusions: VOR and CAP are well tolerated, and this combination is active in several tumor types. Further evaluations of VOR and CAP are warranted. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Collapse
|
111
|
Upadhye S, Hall A, Tang P, Fan J. Inappropriate Claims of Equivalence/Non-Inferiority in Failed Randomized Trials in Emergency Medicine. Acad Emerg Med 2007. [DOI: 10.1197/j.aem.2007.03.855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
112
|
Woolfenden AR, Wade NK, Tang P, Chalmers A, Reid G, Teal PA. Uveitis associated with Primary Angiitis of the Central Nervous System. Can J Neurol Sci 2007; 34:81-3. [PMID: 17352352 DOI: 10.1017/s0317167100005837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Primary Angiitis of the Central Nervous System (PACNS), disease is typically limited to the brain and spinal cord although other organs may be affected. Uveitis is occasionally seen in systemic vasculitides but is not a recognized manifestation of PACNS. We describe two patients who developed PACNS following the onset of uveitis. CASE DESCRIPTIONS Case 1--a 47-year-old male suffered multiple TIAs and left pontine stroke shortly after two episodes of diffuse uveitis. A cerbral angiogram demonstrated multiple caliber changes within several intracranial vessels. Cyclophosphamide was added after his stroke occurred during pulse methylprednisolone therapy. Case 2--a 35-year-old male suffered a spinal cord TIA followed by hemispheric and brainstem infarctions two months after an episode of uveitis and Bell's palsy treated with oral prednisone. A cerebral angiogram demonstrated multiple caliber changes within several intracranial vessels. He was successfully treated with oral prednisone and cyclophosphamide. CONCLUSIONS Uveitis should be considered a recognized feature of PACNS. Combination immunosuppressive therapy with prednisone and cyclophosphamide may be necessary for successful treatment.
Collapse
|
113
|
Tang P, Patterson P, Puri V. Effect of Feed Segregation on the Commercial Hen and Egg Quality. J APPL POULTRY RES 2006. [DOI: 10.1093/japr/15.4.564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
|
114
|
Li JF, Fan J, Zhang HD, Qiu F, Tang P, Yang YL. Self-assembled pattern formation of block copolymers on the surface of the sphere using self-consistent field theory. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2006; 20:449-57. [PMID: 16953344 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2006-10035-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2006] [Accepted: 08/11/2006] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The spherical surface is spatially discretized with triangular lattices to numerically calculate the Laplace-Beltrami operator contained in the self-consistent field theory (SCFT) equations using a finite volume method. Based on this method we have developed a spherical alternating-direction implicit (ADI) scheme for the first time to help extend real-space implementation of SCFT in 2D flat space to the surface of the sphere. By using this method, we simulate the equilibrium microphase separation morphology of block copolymers including AB diblocks, ABC linear triblocks and ABC star triblock copolymers occurred on the spherical surface. In general, two classes of microphase separation morphologies such as striped patterns for compositionally symmetric block copolymers and spotted patterns for asymmetric compositions have been found. In contrast to microphase separation morphology in 2D flat space, the geometrical characteristics of a sphere has a large influence on the self-assembled morphology. For striped patterns, several of spiral-form and ring-form patterns are found by changing the ratio of the radius of a sphere to the averaging width of the stripes. The specific pattern such as the striped and spotted pattern with intrinsic dislocations or defects stems from formed periodic patterns due to microphase separation of block copolymers arranged on the curved surface.
Collapse
|
115
|
Tang P, Roldan G, Brasher PMA, Fulton D, Roa W, Murtha A, Cairncross JG, Forsyth PA. A phase II study of carboplatin and chronic high-dose tamoxifen in patients with recurrent malignant glioma. J Neurooncol 2006; 78:311-6. [PMID: 16710748 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-005-9104-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2005] [Accepted: 12/07/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the response rate, time to disease progression, survival, and toxicity of intravenous carboplatin and chronic oral high-dose tamoxifen in patients with recurrent malignant gliomas. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with histological confirmation of recurrent malignant gliomas were eligible for this multicenter phase II trial. Treatment consisted of 400 mg/m2 carboplatin intravenously every 4 weeks and oral high dose chronic tamoxifen (80 mg bid in women and 100 mg bid in men). RESULTS Twenty seven patients met the eligibility criteria and were evaluable for response. The histological subtypes were: 16 (59%) glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), malignant astrocytoma (5 patients), malignant mixed glioma (5 patients), and glioblastoma/gliosarcoma (1 patient). Twenty-two patients (82%) had an ECOG performance status of 0 or 1. No complete responses were observed, 4 patients (15%) achieved a partial response, and 14 patients (52%) had stable disease. Median time to progression was 3.65 months (95%CI 2.56, 4.83). Median overall survival was 14.09 months (95%CI 7.06, 19.91). One patient with a recurrent GBM had a sustained partial response and is progression free 81 months since starting treatment. Another patient with mixed malignant oligoastrocytoma also had a prolonged partial response (lasting 63 months) and is alive 84 months after treatment for recurrence. The most frequently reported grade 3 or 4 toxicities were fatigue (19%), nausea (11%) and anorexia (11%). CONCLUSIONS Carboplatin and high dose tamoxifen has similar response rates to other regimens for recurrent malignant gliomas and are probably equivalent to those found using tamoxifen as monotherapy. Long-lasting periods of disease free survival in some patients (particularly those with malignant mixed oligo astrocytomas) were found.
Collapse
|
116
|
Tang P, Puri VM. An Innovative Device for Quantification of Percolation and Sieving Segregation Patterns–Single Component and Multiple Size Fractions. PARTICULATE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2005. [DOI: 10.1080/02726350500212871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
117
|
Li CD, Zhang WY, Li HL, Jiang XX, Zhang Y, Tang P, Mao N. WITHDRAWN: Isolation and Identification of a Multilineage Potential Mesenchymal Cell from Human Placenta. Placenta 2005:S0143-4004(05)00226-2. [PMID: 16174531 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2005.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2004] [Revised: 07/12/2005] [Accepted: 08/09/2005] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy.
Collapse
|
118
|
Tang P, Chan HK, Raper J. Prediction of aerodynamic diameter of particles with rough surfaces. POWDER TECHNOL 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2004.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
119
|
Tang P, Arrighi V, Higgins JS, Li GX. Kinetics of phase separation of poly(styrene-co-methyl methacrylate) and poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) blends. POLYM INT 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.1524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
120
|
Tang P, Mann DD. Factors contributing to guidance performance when using a camera-based guidance aid. J Agric Saf Health 2003; 9:47-60. [PMID: 12673915 DOI: 10.13031/2013.12349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A guidance aid is a device that provides guidance information to the driver rather than replacing the driver. With a camera-based guidance aid, the view seen by a forward-looking video camera is displayed on a monitor situated within the operator station of the vehicle. As the vehicle moves forward, images of the ground scroll vertically across the monitor. The rate at which the image scrolls, the image velocity, is related to the forward velocity of the vehicle, the placement of the camera (height and tilt angle), and the optical characteristics of the guidance camera. When tested with a tractor at forward velocities between 1.6 and 12.8 km/h, lateral error increased linearly as image velocity increased. Driver self-confidence decreased linearly as image velocity increased. Based on subjective feedback, drivers preferred a camera tilt angle of 20 degrees (over either 30 degrees or 40 degrees) because it yielded the greatest look-ahead distance. Statistically, a tilt angle of 30 degrees was best for a camera with a narrow field of view (narrow FOV, 20 degrees in the lateral direction). For a camera with a wide field of view (wide FOV, 39 degrees in the lateral direction), there was no statistical difference. For the narrow FOV camera, a camera height of 1.1 m yielded statistically smaller lateral errors than a camera height of 1.5 m. There was no statistical difference for the wide FOV camera. Overall, the lateral error was statistically smaller for the narrow FOV camera than for the wide FOV camera due to the difference in the lateral ratio for each camera, where the lateral ratio is the ratio of the lateral field of view of the camera to the fixed monitor width.
Collapse
|
121
|
Wang Y, Burns W, Tang P, Bai Y, Yi T, Schechner J, Lorber M, Pober J, Tellides G. Gamma-interferon-dependent T cell-mediated injury and remodeling of human coronary arteries. J Heart Lung Transplant 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1053-2498(02)00944-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
|
122
|
Long HW, Gaede HC, Shore J, Reven L, Bowers CR, Kritzenberger J, Pietrass T, Pines A, Tang P, Reimer JA. High-field cross polarization NMR from laser-polarized xenon to a polymer surface. J Am Chem Soc 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ja00071a086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
123
|
Raftery D, Reven L, Long H, Pines A, Tang P, Reimer JA. Spin-polarized xenon-129 NMR study of a polymer surface. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100110a029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
124
|
Tang P, Greenwood J, Raper JA. A Model to Describe the Settling Behavior of Fractal Aggregates. J Colloid Interface Sci 2002; 247:210-9. [PMID: 16290458 DOI: 10.1006/jcis.2001.8028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2001] [Accepted: 10/05/2001] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A model to predict fractal dimension from sedimentating fractal aggregates has been successfully developed. This model was developed using the settling rate and size data of fractal aggregates. In order to test the validity of the model, a purpose-built settling rig, equipped with lens with magnification of 1200x, which can capture images of particles/flocs down to 2 microm in diameter was used. The performance and technique of the settling rig were validated by comparing the measured settling rates of 30- and 50.7-microm standard particles with their theoretical settling rates calculated using Stokes' law. The measured settling rates were within 10% agreement with the calculated Stokes' velocities. The settling rates and sizes of the particles/flocs were analyzed using image analysis software called WiT 5.3. The maximum temperature gradient across the settling column was 0.1 degrees C, which effectively eliminated convective currents due to temperature differences in the settling column. A total of 1000 calcium phosphate flocs were analyzed. Calcium phosphate flocs with fractal dimensions varying from 2.3 to 2.8 were generated via orthokinetic aggregation. Measurements of fractal dimensions, using light scattering, were done simultaneously with the settling experiments and they were found to be constant. The fractal dimensions calculated using the model agreed with those obtained by light scattering to within 12%.
Collapse
|
125
|
|