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Rhie YH, Lee SY, Kim KS. Seed dormancy and germination in Jeffersonia dubia (Berberidaceae) as affected by temperature and gibberellic acid. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2015; 17:327-334. [PMID: 25319374 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2013] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The genus Jeffersonia, which contains only two species, has a trans-Atlantic disjunct distribution. The aims of this study were to determine the requirements for breaking dormancy and germination of J. dubia seeds and to compare its dormancy characteristics with those of the congener in eastern North America. Ripe seeds of J. dubia contain an underdeveloped embryo and were permeable to water. In nature, seeds were dispersed in May, while embryos began to grow in September, and were fully elongated by late November. Germination started in March of the next year, and seeds emerged as seedlings soon after germination. In laboratory experiments, incubation at high temperatures (25 °C, 25/15 °C) for at least 8 weeks was required to initiate embryo growth, while a transfer to moderate temperatures (20/10 °C, 15/6 °C) was needed for the completion of embryo growth. At least 8 weeks at 5 °C was effective in overcoming physiological dormancy and for germination in seeds after the embryos had fully elongated. Thus, both high and low temperatures were essential to break dormancy. Gibberellic acid (GA3 ) treatment could substitute for the high temperature requirement, but not for the low temperature requirement. Based on the dormancy-breaking requirements, it is confirmed that the seeds have deep simple morphophysiological dormancy. This dormancy type is similar to that of seeds of the eastern North American species J. diphylla. Although seeds require 10-11 months from seed dispersal to germination in nature, under controlled conditions they required only 3 months after treatment with 1000 mg·l(-1) GA3 , followed by incubation at 15/6 °C. This represents practical knowledge for propagation of these plants from seed.
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Yoo KY, Kim SK, Kwon SS, Park SK, Yoon HJ, Lee KS, Hwang TJ, Choi YM, Lee SY. Life expectancy of Korean haemophiliacs, 1991-2012. Haemophilia 2015; 20:e356-8. [PMID: 24948408 DOI: 10.1111/hae.12475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Son M, Lee G, Son J, Choi S, Kim Y, Lee SY, Yoon YR, Yoon DS, Lee SW. Characterization of anomalous movements of spherical living cells on a silicon dioxide glassy substrate. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2015; 9:014102. [PMID: 25610514 PMCID: PMC4288934 DOI: 10.1063/1.4905577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 12/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The random walk of spherical living cells on a silicon dioxide glassy substrate was studied experimentally and numerically. This random walk trajectory exhibited erratic dancing, which seemingly obeyed anomalous diffusion (i.e., Lévy-like walk) rather than normal diffusion. Moreover, the angular distribution (-π to π) of the cells' trajectory followed a "U-shaped pattern" in comparison to the uniform distribution seen in the movements of negatively charged polystyrene microspheres. These effects could be attributable to the homeostasis-driven structural resilient character of cells and physical interactions derived from temporarily retained nonspecific binding due to weak forces between the cells and substrates. Our results provide new insights into the stochastic behavior of mesoscopic biological particles with respect to structural properties and physical interactions.
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Choi JY, Maniquiz-Redillas MC, Hong JS, Lee SY, Kim LH. Comparison of the treatment performance of hybrid constructed wetlands treating stormwater runoff. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2015; 72:2243-2250. [PMID: 26676013 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2015.443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to compare the treatment performance of two hybrid constructed wetlands (CWs) in treating stormwater runoff. The hybrid CWs were composed of a combination of free water surface (FWS) and horizontal subsurface flow (HSSF) CWs. Based on the results, strong correlation exists between potential runoff impacts and stormwater characteristics; however, the low correlations also suggest that not only the monitored parameters contribute to stormwater event mean concentrations (EMC) of pollutants, but other factors should also be considered as well. In the hydraulic and treatment performance of the hybrid CWs, a small surface area to catchment area (SA/CA) ratio, receiving a high concentration of influent EMC, will find it hard to achieve great removal efficiency; also a large SA/CA ratio, receiving low concentration of influent EMC, will find it hard to achieve great removal efficiency. With this, SA/CA ratio and influent characteristics such as EMC or load should be considered among the design factors of CWs. The performance data of the two CWs were used to consider the most cost-effective design of a hybrid CW. The optimum facility capacity (ratio of total runoff volume to storage volume) that is applicable for a target volume reduction and removal efficiency was provided in this study.
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Park HJ, Lee SY, Kim MS, Choi SH, Chung EC, Kook SH, Kim E. Evaluation of shoulder pathology: three-dimensional enhanced T1 high-resolution isotropic volume excitation MR vs two-dimensional fast spin echo T2 fat saturation MR. Br J Radiol 2014; 88:20140147. [PMID: 25536442 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20140147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of three-dimensional (3D) enhanced T1 high-resolution isotropic volume excitation (eTHRIVE) shoulder MR for the detection of rotator cuff tears, labral lesions and calcific tendonitis of the rotator cuff in comparison with two-dimensional (2D) fast spin echo T2 fat saturation (FS) MR. METHODS This retrospective study included 73 patients who underwent shoulder MRI using the eTHRIVE technique. Shoulder MR images were interpreted separately by two radiologists. They evaluated anatomic identification and image quality of the shoulder joint on routine MRI sequences (axial and oblique coronal T2 FS images) and compared them with the reformatted eTHRIVE images. The images were scored on a four-point scale (0, poor; 1, questionable; 2, adequate; 3, excellent) according to the degree of homogeneous and sufficient fat saturation to penetrate bone and soft tissue, visualization of the glenoid labrum and distinction of the supraspinatus tendon (SST). The diagnostic accuracy of eTHRIVE images compared with routine MRI sequences was evaluated in the setting of rotator cuff tears, glenoid labral injuries and calcific tendonitis of the SST. RESULTS Fat saturation scores for eTHRIVE were significantly higher than those of the T2 FS for both radiologists. The sensitivity and accuracy of the T2 FS in diagnosing rotor cuff tears were >90%, whereas sensitivity and accuracy of the eTHRIVE method were significantly lower. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of both images in diagnosing labral injuries and calcific tendonitis were similar and showed no significant differences. The specificity of both images for the diagnosis of labral injuries and calcific tendonitis was higher than the sensitivities. CONCLUSION The accuracy of 3D eTHRIVE imaging was comparable to that of 2D FSE T2 FS for the diagnosis of glenoid labral injury and calcific tendonitis of SST. The 3D eTHRIVE technique was superior to 2D FSE T2 FS in terms of fat saturation. Overall, 3D eTHRIVE was inferior to T2 FS in the evaluation of rotator cuff tears because of poor contrast between joint fluid and tendons. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE The accuracy of 3D eTHRIVE imaging is comparable to that of 2D FSE T2 FS for the diagnosis of glenoid labral injury and calcific tendonitis of SST.
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Schooling CM, Chan WM, Leung SL, Lam TH, Lee SY, Shen C, Leung JY, Leung GM. Cohort Profile: Hong Kong Department of Health Elderly Health Service Cohort. Int J Epidemiol 2014; 45:64-72. [PMID: 25480143 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyu227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The Department of Health Elderly Health Service Cohort in Hong Kong was set up to promote understanding of ageing in a global context, to exploit the role of Hong Kong as a sentinel for populations currently experiencing very rapid economic development, to provide a developed non-Western 'social laboratory' where empirically derived hypotheses can be tested and to leverage the different patterns of common chronic diseases between East and West to generate novel hypotheses about their determinants. The initial cohort enrolled from July 1998 to the end of December 2001 includes 66 820 people aged 65 years or older, forming about 9% of the population of this age. A comprehensive health assessment was made at enrollment and then repeated regularly on an ongoing basis. The health assessment included a comprehensive assessment of lifestyle, social circumstances, physical health and mental health, including an assessment of cognition and depressive symptoms. Health services use and deaths have been obtained by record linkage and confirmed, where necessary, by telephone interview. Currently, the data are not publicly available; we would welcome collaborations and research proposals.
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Kang SK, Park YD, Kang SI, Kim DK, Kang KL, Lee SY, Lee HJ, Kim EC. Role of resistin in the inflammatory response induced by nicotine plus lipopolysaccharide in human periodontal ligament cells in vitro. J Periodontal Res 2014; 50:602-13. [PMID: 25393899 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Resistin was recently reported to play a role in inflammation-related diseases such as arthritis. However, the precise role of resistin in chronic inflammatory diseases, such as periodontal disease, remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the combined effects of nicotine and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the expression of resistin and to assess whether resistin expression influences the levels of inflammatory cytokines, extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules and MMPs in human periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs) stimulated with both nicotine and LPS. MATERIAL AND METHODS PDLCs were pretreated with isoproterenol or resistin-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA), stimulated with LPS plus nicotine for 24 h, and then monitored for the production of inflammatory mediators. The concentrations of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and nitric oxide (NO) were measured by radioimmunoassay and the Griess method, respectively. RT-PCR and western blot analysis were used to measure the levels of mRNA and protein, respectively. Western blot analysis was also used to assess the activation of various signal-transduction pathways. RESULTS Treatment with nicotine plus LPS up-regulated the expression of resistin mRNA and the production of resistin protein in PDLCs in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Isoproterenol-mediated interference with the function of resistin, or siRNA-mediated knockdown of resistin expression, markedly attenuated the LPS plus nicotine-mediated stimulation of PGE2 and NO production, the production of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase proteins and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and IL-12] and MMPs (MMP-1, MMP-2 and MMP-9); however, these treatments restored the expression of ECM molecules. Furthermore, pretreatment with isoproterenol or resistin-specific siRNA blocked nicotine plus LPS-induced activation of phosphoinositide-3-kinase, glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta, β-catenin, p38, ERK, JNK and nuclear factor-κB. CONCLUSION This is the first study to show that the inhibition of resistin, by either a pharmacological or a genetic silencing approach, has anti-inflammatory effects. These effects include decreased levels of inflammatory cytokines and the prevention of ECM breakdown in a nicotine plus LPS-stimulated PDLC model.
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Lee J, Lee SY, Lim JK, Yoo SS, Lee SY, Cha SI, Park JY, Kim CH. Radiologic and laboratory differences in patients with tuberculous and parapneumonic pleural effusions showing non-lymphocytic predominance and high adenosine deaminase levels. Infection 2014; 43:65-71. [PMID: 25385057 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-014-0697-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE) is characterized by lymphocytic predominance and high adenosine deaminase (ADA) levels. However, TPEs sometimes present non-lymphocytic predominance, and parapneumonic effusion (PPE) often exceeds the cutoff value of ADA for TPE. Thus, the differential diagnosis of cases with pleural fluid (PF) showing non-lymphocytic predominance and high ADA levels is challenging. However, limited data concerning the clinical differences in these patients are available. METHODS A retrospective study was conducted on TPE and PPE patients with PF showing non-lymphocytic predominance and ADA levels ≥40 U/L in 2009-2013 in a South Korean tertiary referral hospital. The clinical, laboratory, and computed tomography (CT) findings between the groups were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression to develop a prediction model with independent factors for TPE. RESULTS Among 353 patients with TPE, 24 (6.8 %) showed PF with non-lymphocytic predominance and ADA levels of ≥40 U/L. Twenty-eight PPE patients who presented PF findings comparable with those of TPE patients were included in the control group. In the final analysis, PF ADA levels >58 U/L and nodular lung lesions on CT were independent positive predictors, while loculated effusion was an independent negative predictor for TPE. Using the prediction model, a score ≥ +3 provided a sensitivity of 88 %, specificity of 93 %, positive predictive value of 91 %, and negative predictive value of 90 % for TPE. CONCLUSION PF ADA levels, nodular lung lesions, and loculated pleural effusion may help differentiate TPE from PPE in patients with PF showing non-lymphocytic predominance and ADA levels ≥40 U/L.
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Diniz B, Rodger DC, Chavali VR, MacKay T, Lee SY, Stambolian D, Sadda SVR. Drusen and RPE atrophy automated quantification by optical coherence tomography in an elderly population. Eye (Lond) 2014; 29:272-9. [PMID: 25376121 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2014.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Correlate OCT-derived measures of drusen and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) atrophy areas (RAs) with demographic features in an elderly population. PATIENTS AND METHODS Subjects aged 50 years and older underwent Cirrus OCT scanning. Drusen area and volume were obtained from the macula within a central circle (CC) of 3 mm and a surrounding perifoveal ring (PR) of 3-5 mm, using the RPE analysis software (6.0). RA measurements were generated for the 6 × 6 mm(2) retinal area. Gender, age, smoking status, and systolic blood pressure (SBP) were considered. RESULTS A total of 434 eyes were included. RA was larger in women (0.63±0.16 vs 0.26±0.08 mm(2), P=0.05) and with increasing age. The PR drusen area increased with increasing age (P<0.001), whereas the CC drusen area remained stable after the age of 70 years (0.25±0.06 mm(2) for ages 70-79 years and 0.25±0.07 mm(2) for ages >80 years). Drusen volume in the CC was smaller after the age of 80 years (0.009±0.003 mm(3)) compared with the 70- to 79-year-old group (0.02±0.008 mm(3)). Drusen measurements were similar between smokers and nonsmokers, but the PR drusen area (0.29 mm(2), P=0.05) and volume (0.40 mm(3), P=0.005) were correlated with years smoked. RA (0.24 mm(2), P=0.10), PR drusen area (0.29 mm(2), P=0.05), and volume (0.40 mm(3), P=0.005) were found to be directly associated with SBP. There was a high correlation between the eyes of the same subject. CONCLUSION OCT-based automated algorithms can be used to analyze and describe drusen and geographic atrophy burden in such population-based studies of elderly patients.
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Shin MR, Kang SK, Kim YS, Lee SY, Hong SC, Kim EC. TNF-α and LPS activate angiogenesis via VEGF and SIRT1 signalling in human dental pulp cells. Int Endod J 2014; 48:705-16. [PMID: 25311745 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM To assess whether SIRT1 and VEGF are responsible for tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced angiogenesis and to examine the molecular mechanism(s) of action in human dental pulp cells (HDPCs). METHODOLOGY Immortalized HDPCs obtained from Prof. Takashi Takata (Hiroshima University, Japan) were treated with LPS (1 μg mL(-1) ) and TNF-α (10 ng mL(-1) ) for 24 h. mRNA and protein levels were examined by RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Migration and tube formation were examined in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The data were analysed by one-way anova. Statistical analysis was performed at α = 0.05. RESULTS LPS and TNF-α upregulated VEGF and SIRT1 mRNA and protein levels. Inhibition of SIRT1 activity by sirtinol and SIRT1 siRNA or inhibition of the VEGF receptor by CBO-P11 significantly attenuated LPS + TNF-α-stimulated MMPs production in HDPCs, as well as migration and tube formation in HUVECs (P < 0.05). Furthermore, sirtinol, SIRT1 siRNA and CBO-P11 attenuated phosphorylation of Akt, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65. Pre-treatment with inhibitors of p38, ERK, JNK, PI3K and NF-κB decreased LPS + TNF-α-induced VEGF and SIRT1 expression, MMPs activity in HDPCs and angiogenesis (P < 0.05) in HUVECs. CONCLUSIONS TNF-α and LPS led to upregulation of VEGF and SIRT1, and subsequent upregulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 production, and promote angiogenesis via pathways involving PI3K, p38, ERK, JNK and NF-κB. The results suggest that inhibition of SIRT1 and VEGF might attenuate pro-inflammatory mediator-induced pulpal disease.
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Choi M, Hyun MK, Choi S, Tchoe HJ, Lee SY, Son KM, Jung YO, Kim HA. Comparative Effectiveness of Biological Agents With Diseases Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs For Methotrexate Failure Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: A Baysian Mixed Treatment Comparison. VALUE IN HEALTH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR PHARMACOECONOMICS AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH 2014; 17:A373-A374. [PMID: 27200806 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.2577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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Lee SY, Bae JH, Kim JG, Jang KM, Shon WY, Kim KW, Lim HC. The influence of surgical factors on dislocation of the meniscal bearing after Oxford medial unicompartmental knee replacement: a case-control study. Bone Joint J 2014; 96-B:914-22. [PMID: 24986945 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.96b7.33352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors for dislocation of the bearing after a mobile-bearing Oxford medial unicompartmental knee replacement (UKR) and to test the hypothesis that surgical factors, as measured from post-operative radiographs, are associated with its dislocation From a total of 480 UKRs performed between 2001 and 2012, in 391 patients with a mean age of 66.5 years (45 to 82) (316 female, 75 male), we identified 17 UKRs where bearing dislocation occurred. The post-operative radiological measurements of the 17 UKRs and 51 matched controls were analysed using conditional logistic regression analysis. The post-operative radiological measurements included post-operative change in limb alignment, the position of the femoral and tibial components, the resection depth of the proximal tibia, and the femoral component-posterior condyle classification. We concluded that a post-operative decrease in the posterior tibial slope relative to the pre-operative value was the only significant determinant of dislocation of the bearing after medial Oxford UKR (odds ratio 1.881; 95% confidence interval 1.272 to 2.779). A post-operative posterior tibial slope < 8.45° and a difference between the pre-operative and post-operative posterior tibial slope of > 2.19° may increase the risk of dislocation.
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Lee SY, Niikura T, Iwakura T, Sakai Y, Kuroda R, Kurosaka M. Complete traumatic backout of the blade of proximal femoral nail antirotation: a case report. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2014; 100:441-3. [PMID: 24810495 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2013.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Revised: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
This article presents a rare case of traumatic complete expulsion of the helical blade after successful treatment of an intertrochanteric fracture with proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA). A 94-year-old woman sustained an intertrochanteric fracture of the left femur. Fracture fixation was performed by using PFNA-II. At six months FU, the patient presented with pain at the proximal lateral left thigh after she had fallen. A protrusion was noted. Radiographs showed a complete expulsion of the helical blade with a healed intertrochanteric fracture. The PFNA-II was removed and a cemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty was performed. At 5 months after surgery, the patient was able to walk with a walker without pain. Traumatic complete expulsion of the blade should be considered as a possible complication of PFNA/PFNA-II.
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Kim CH, Im KH, Yoo SS, Lee SY, Cha SI, Jung HY, Park JY, Yu W, Lee J. Comparison of the incidence between tuberculosis and nontuberculous mycobacterial disease after gastrectomy. Infection 2014; 42:697-704. [PMID: 24817438 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-014-0627-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Gastrectomy is a well-known risk factor for tuberculosis (TB). However, little data are available regarding the relationship between gastrectomy and the risk of nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) disease. Here, we investigated the incidence of TB and NTM lung disease in gastrectomized patients. METHOD New cases of TB and NTM lung infection or disease were examined among patients who had undergone gastrectomy due to gastric cancer from 2003 to 2009 at a tertiary referral hospital in South Korea. Annualized incidence rates for cases were compared with those of the general population. RESULTS This study included a total of 2,684 patients. New mycobacterial cases were found in 41 patients. Cases of TB and NTM lung infection were 35 (85 %) and 6 (15 %) including 2 NTM lung disease cases, respectively. Annualized crude incidence rates for TB, NTM lung infection, and NTM lung disease were 327/100,000, 56/100,000, and 19/100,000, respectively. The age-standardized incidence rate of TB was significantly higher in gastrectomized patients than in the general population. However, the standardized incidences of NTM lung infection and disease were not significantly different from those of non-gastrectomized patients. Patients with NTM lung infection frequently exhibited comorbid chronic lung disease, while those with TB were more frequently found to have fibronodular lesions on preoperative chest radiography. CONCLUSIONS Gastrectomy does not appear to increase the risk of NTM lung disease. However, NTM lung infection or disease should be considered as a differential diagnosis of pulmonary TB in gastrectomized patients accompanying chronic lung disease.
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Jang JY, Park T, Lee S, Kang MJ, Lee SY, Lee KB, Chang YR, Kim SW. Validation of international consensus guidelines for the resection of branch duct-type intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms. Br J Surg 2014; 101:686-92. [DOI: 10.1002/bjs.9491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Classifications of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) remain ambiguous, especially for the mixed type. Factors predicting malignancy remain unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of factors predicting malignancy in the new international consensus guidelines for resection of branch duct-type (BD)-IPMN and to compare them with those in the previous version.
Methods
A prospectively collected database of patients with biopsy-proven BD-IPMN was analysed to compare factors between the first and second consensus guidelines, particularly as predictors of malignancy.
Results
Of 350 patients with BD-IPMN, sensitivity (0·724) and balanced accuracy (0·751) of the second guidelines were superior to those (0·639 and 0·730) in the first version at the expense of slightly reduced specificity (0·779 versus 0·822 for the first version) by random forest models. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that main pancreatic duct dilatation greater than 5 mm (hazard ratio (HR) 4·54, 95 per cent confidence interval 2·45 to 8·41; P < 0·001), mural nodules (HR 6·27, 3·27 to 12·01; P < 0·001) and carbohydrate antigen 19–9 level above 37 units/ml (HR 4·03, 1·83 to 8·90; P = 0·001) were independent predictors of BD-IPMN malignancy.
Conclusion
The new consensus guidelines provide better sensitivity, performance of factors predicting malignancy, and balanced accuracy in the diagnosis of BD-IPMN malignancy. Size alone was limited in predicting malignancy. Variability in clinical significance of the individual factors associated with a risk of malignancy indicates the need for a tailored approach in the management of patients with BD-IPMN.
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Choi ML, Begeti F, Oh JH, Lee SY, O'Keeffe GC, Clelland CD, Tyers P, Cho ZH, Kim YB, Barker RA. Dopaminergic manipulations and its effects on neurogenesis and motor function in a transgenic mouse model of Huntington's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2014; 66:19-27. [PMID: 24561069 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2014.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Revised: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is an inherited neurodegenerative disorder that is classically defined by a triad of movement and cognitive and psychiatric abnormalities with a well-established pathology that affects the dopaminergic systems of the brain. This has classically been described in terms of an early loss of dopamine D2 receptors (D2R), although interestingly the treatments most effectively used to treat patients with HD block these same receptors. We therefore sought to examine the dopaminergic system in HD not only in terms of striatal function but also at extrastriatal sites especially the hippocampus, given that transgenic (Tg) mice also exhibit deficits in hippocampal-dependent cognitive tests and a reduction in adult hippocampal neurogenesis. We showed that there was an early reduction of D2R in both the striatum and dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus in the R6/1 transgenic HD mouse ahead of any overt motor signs and before striatal neuronal loss. Despite downregulation of D2Rs in these sites, further reduction of the dopaminergic input to these sites by either medial forebrain bundle lesions or receptor blockade using sulpiride was able to improve both deficits in motor performance and adult hippocampal neurogenesis. In contrast, a reduction in dopaminergic innervation of the neurogenic niches resulted in impaired neurogenesis in healthy WT mice. This study therefore provides evidence that D2R blockade improves hippocampal and striatal deficits in HD mice although the underlying mechanism for this is unclear, and suggests that agents working within this network may have greater effects than previously thought.
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Lee KY, Kim KW, Baek YJ, Chung DY, Lee EH, Lee SY, Moon JK. Biosorption of uranium(VI) from aqueous solution by biomass of brown algae Laminaria japonica. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2014; 70:136-43. [PMID: 25026591 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2014.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The uranium(VI) adsorption efficiency of non-living biomass of brown algae was evaluated in various adsorption experimental conditions. Several different sizes of biomass were prepared using pretreatment and surface-modification steps. The kinetics of uranium uptake were mainly dependent on the particle size of the prepared Laminaria japonica biosorbent. The optimal particle size, contact time, and injection amount for the stable operation of the wastewater treatment process were determined. Spectroscopic analyses showed that uranium was adsorbed in the porous inside structure of the biosorbent. The ionic diffusivity in the biomass was the dominant rate-limiting factor; therefore, the adsorption rate was significantly increased with decrease of particle size. From the results of comparative experiments using the biosorbents and other chemical adsorbents/precipitants, such as activated carbons, zeolites, and limes, it was demonstrated that the brown algae biosorbent could replace the conventional chemicals for uranium removal. As a post-treatment for the final solid waste reduction, the ignition treatment could significantly reduce the weight of waste biosorbents. In conclusion, the brown algae biosorbent is shown to be a favorable adsorbent for uranium(VI) removal from radioactive wastewater.
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Song HR, Park HS, Yun KE, Cho SH, Choi EY, Lee SY, Kim JH, Sung HN, Kim JH, Choi SI, Yoon YS, Lee ES, Han JH, Shin CI, Chang HM, Bae SC. Gender and age differences in the impact of overweight on obesity-related quality of life among Korean adults. Obes Res Clin Pract 2013; 4:e1-e82. [PMID: 24345622 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2009.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2008] [Revised: 07/17/2009] [Accepted: 07/21/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY OBJECTIVE To investigate gender and age difference in impact of overweight on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among Korean adults. METHODS Cross-sectional obesity-related quality of life (QOL) scores were measured by a Korean obesity-related QOL scale (KOQOL) from 448 Korean adults aged 20-80 years. A body mass index (BMI) was categorized with normal-weight as BMI < 23 kg/m(2), overweight as BMI ≥ 23 kg/m(2) based on the alternative cutoff points for Asians. Each gender was respectively stratified by median age, 45 years for men and 50 years for women, to examine the obesity-related QOL by age groups. RESULTS Women had a poorer obesity-related QOL compared to men (p < 0.001). In the younger age group, overweight women had a poorer obesity-related QOL compared with normal-weight women (p < 0.001), however normal-weight and overweight men showed no difference in obesity-related QOL. In the older age group, overweight men showed better QOL on the domains of work-related and psychosocial health than those for normal-weight men, but overweight women still suffered from work-related and routine life QOL. CONCLUSIONS This study showed the impact of overweight on obesity-related QOL was different for gender and age group. We should consider the results to manage weight in overweight persons.
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You JY, Song EJ, Lee MH, Jung SY, Lee SY, Kang HS, Lee ES. Abstract P1-01-19: Role of axillary clearance with tumor positive sentinel node in mastectomy group: Is the results of ACOSOG Z0011 trial adaptable to mastectomy patient? Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs13-p1-01-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Recent data from ACOSOG Z0011 trial or AMAROS trial suggest that axillary lymph node dissection(ALND) may be unnecessary for patients with positive sentinel lymph node biopsy(SLNB) receiving breast conserving surgery(BCS) with irradiation. However, consensus statements and guidelines until recently recommended that patients with mastectomy and tumor positive sentinel node undergo completion ALND. In this preliminary study, we compared these patients who did not undergo ALND with the patients who received BCS with SLNB only and irradiation and we analyzed the locoregional recurrence rate to show no differences of outcomes between two groups.
Method: We identified 6,163 women with invasive breast cancer who underwent surgical resection at the National Cancer Center (Goyang,Gyeonggi-do,Korea) between January 2000 to December 2011. Clinico-pathological data obtained from prospective collecting medical database of our institution were analyzed retrospectively. The mastectomy with positive SLNB group was 47 patients and BCS with positive SLNB and irradiation group was 172 patients. The primary end point was loco-regional recurrence rate.
Result : Clinical and tumor characteristics were similar between two groups except T stage and receptor status. The mean tumor size was 5.5cm with mastectomy group and 3.5cm with BCS group. The median number of nodes removed was three. There was not a single case of locoregional recurrence in both groups. At a median follow-up of 53.5 months (last follow-up, May 2013), 5-year overall survival was 85.7% with mastectomy and 97.3% with BCS group.
Conclusion : In our study, there was no case of locoregional recurrence as above. This results lend weight to the argument that SLNB without ALND may be reasonable management for selected patients with appropriate surgery and adjuvant systemic therapy. This study can be regarded as a preliminary study with a sufficient value despite of the prognosis showed some statistical differences between two groups. It resides in the difference of initial stage of patients of two groups. We will present additional data compared with the mastectomy with axillary clearance group at the meeting.
Acknowledgement This work was supported by grant from the National Cancer Center Korea (1210331-2).
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P1-01-19.
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Lee SY, Tan KH. Antenatally diagnosed congenital diaphragmatic hernia in Singapore: a five-year series. Singapore Med J 2013; 54:661. [PMID: 24276105 DOI: 10.11622/smedj.2013229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Kim BJ, Lee YS, Lee SY, Park SY, Dieplinger H, Yea K, Lee SH, Koh JM, Kim GS. Afamin stimulates osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption via Gi-coupled receptor and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK) pathways. J Endocrinol Invest 2013; 36:876-82. [PMID: 23698732 DOI: 10.3275/8975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Afamin was recently identified as a novel osteoclast-derived coupling factor that can stimulate the in vitro and in vivo migration of preosteoblasts. AIM In order to understand in more detail the biological roles of afamin in bone metabolism, we investigated its effects on osteoclastic differentiation and bone resorption. METHODS Osteoclasts were differentiated from mouse bone marrow cells. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive multinucleated cells were considered as osteoclasts, and the resorption area was determined by incubating the cells on dentine discs. The intracellular cAMP level was determined using a direct enzyme immunoassay. Signaling pathways were investigated using western blot and RT-PCR. Recombinant afamin was administered exogenously to bone cell cultures. RESULTS Afamin stimulated both osteoclastogenesis and in vitro bone resorption. Consistently, the expressions of osteoclast differentiation markers were significantly increased by afamin. Although afamin mainly affected the late-differentiation stages of osteoclastogenesis, the expression levels of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-dependent signals were not changed. Afamin markedly decreased the levels of intracellular cAMP with reversal by pretreatment with pertussis toxin (PTX), a specific inhibitor of Gi-coupled receptor signaling. In addition, PTX almost completely blocked afamin-stimulated osteoclastogenesis. Furthermore, pretreatment with KN93 and STO609 - Ca2+/cal - mo dulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK) and CaMK kinase inhibitors, respectively - significantly prevented decreases in the intracellular cAMP level by afamin while attenuating afamin-stimulated osteoclastogenesis. CONCLUSION Afamin enhances osteoclastogenesis by decreasing intracellular cAMP levels via Gi-coupled receptor and CaMK pathways.
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Lee KM, Chung CY, Kwon SS, Won SH, Lee SY, Chung MK, Park MS. Ankle fractures have features of an osteoporotic fracture. Osteoporos Int 2013; 24:2819-25. [PMID: 23681087 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-013-2394-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We report the bone attenuation of ankle joint measured on computed tomography (CT) and the cause of injury in patients with ankle fractures. The results showed age- and gender-dependent low bone attenuation and low-energy trauma in elderly females, which suggest the osteoporotic features of ankle fractures. INTRODUCTION This study was performed to investigate the osteoporotic features of ankle fracture in terms of bone attenuation and cause of injury. METHODS One hundred ninety-four patients (mean age 51.0 years, standard deviation 15.8 years; 98 males and 96 females) with ankle fracture were included. All patients underwent CT examination, and causes of injury (high/low-energy trauma) were recorded. Mean bone attenuations of the talus, medial malleolus, lateral malleolus, and distal tibial metaphysis were measured on CT images. Patients were divided into younger age (<50 years) and older age (≥50 years) groups, and mean bone attenuation and causes of injury were compared between the two groups in each gender. RESULTS Proportion of low-energy trauma was higher in the older age group than in the younger age group, but the difference was only significant in female gender (p = 0.011). The older age group showed significantly lower bone attenuation in the talus, medial malleolus, lateral malleolus, and distal tibial metaphysis than the younger age group in both genders. The older age group showed more complex pattern of fractures than the younger age group. With increasing age, bone attenuations tended to decrease and the difference of bone attenuation between the genders tended to increase in the talus, medial malleolus, lateral malleolus, and distal tibial metaphysis. CONCLUSIONS Ankle fracture had features of osteoporotic fracture that is characterized by age- and gender-dependent low bone attenuation. Ankle fracture should not be excluded from the clinical and research interest as well as from the benefit of osteoporosis management.
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Yoon YA, Song JS, Lee SY, Yoon CE, Kang ES. The novel allele HLA-C*03:04:36 identified by sequence-based typing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 82:353-4. [PMID: 24102105 DOI: 10.1111/tan.12197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The new allele, HLA-C*03:04:36, differs from C*03:04:01:01 by one nucleotide substitution at codon 207 (GGC→GGT).
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Jang SY, Shin DY, Lee EJ, Lee SY, Yoon JS. Erratum: Relevance of TSH-receptor antibody levels in predicting disease course in Graves’ orbitopathy: comparison of the third-generation TBII assay and Mc4-TSI bioassay. Eye (Lond) 2013. [DOI: 10.1038/eye.2013.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Sun JM, Kim JR, Do IG, Lee SY, Lee J, Choi YL, Ahn JS, Ahn MJ, Park K. A phase-1b study of everolimus plus paclitaxel in patients with small-cell lung cancer. Br J Cancer 2013; 109:1482-7. [PMID: 23963141 PMCID: PMC3776982 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Revised: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 07/21/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is dysregulated in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and everolimus is an oral mTOR inhibitor. METHODS This phase-1b study assessed everolimus safety at the levels of 2.5, 5, or 10 mg once daily in combination with paclitaxel (175 mg m(-2)) once every 3 weeks in previously treated SCLC patients. The primary end point was to determine the maximum tolerated dose of everolimus. RESULTS Among 21 enrolled patients, common drug-related adverse events were anaemia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, pain, hyperglycemia, and stomatitis. Out of 11 evaluable patients treated with everolimus at the level of 5 mg, 1 patient experienced dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) of grade 4 febrile neutropenia and grade 3 thrombocytopenia. The other two DLTs (grade 4 thrombocytopenia and grade 3 hyperglycemia) occurred in two out of three patients receiving everolimus 10 mg. The overall objective response rate was 28%. CONCLUSION Everolimus showed an acceptable safety profile and preliminary antitumour activity at the dose of 5 mg once daily when combined with 3-weekly paclitaxel 175 mg m(-2) in patients with SCLC.
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