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Brownlee D, Tsou P, Aléon J, Alexander CMO, Araki T, Bajt S, Baratta GA, Bastien R, Bland P, Bleuet P, Borg J, Bradley JP, Brearley A, Brenker F, Brennan S, Bridges JC, Browning ND, Brucato JR, Bullock E, Burchell MJ, Busemann H, Butterworth A, Chaussidon M, Cheuvront A, Chi M, Cintala MJ, Clark BC, Clemett SJ, Cody G, Colangeli L, Cooper G, Cordier P, Daghlian C, Dai Z, D'Hendecourt L, Djouadi Z, Dominguez G, Duxbury T, Dworkin JP, Ebel DS, Economou TE, Fakra S, Fairey SAJ, Fallon S, Ferrini G, Ferroir T, Fleckenstein H, Floss C, Flynn G, Franchi IA, Fries M, Gainsforth Z, Gallien JP, Genge M, Gilles MK, Gillet P, Gilmour J, Glavin DP, Gounelle M, Grady MM, Graham GA, Grant PG, Green SF, Grossemy F, Grossman L, Grossman JN, Guan Y, Hagiya K, Harvey R, Heck P, Herzog GF, Hoppe P, Hörz F, Huth J, Hutcheon ID, Ignatyev K, Ishii H, Ito M, Jacob D, Jacobsen C, Jacobsen S, Jones S, Joswiak D, Jurewicz A, Kearsley AT, Keller LP, Khodja H, Kilcoyne ALD, Kissel J, Krot A, Langenhorst F, Lanzirotti A, Le L, Leshin LA, Leitner J, Lemelle L, Leroux H, Liu MC, Luening K, Lyon I, Macpherson G, Marcus MA, Marhas K, Marty B, Matrajt G, McKeegan K, Meibom A, Mennella V, Messenger K, Messenger S, Mikouchi T, Mostefaoui S, Nakamura T, Nakano T, Newville M, Nittler LR, Ohnishi I, Ohsumi K, Okudaira K, Papanastassiou DA, Palma R, Palumbo ME, Pepin RO, Perkins D, Perronnet M, Pianetta P, Rao W, Rietmeijer FJM, Robert F, Rost D, Rotundi A, Ryan R, Sandford SA, Schwandt CS, See TH, Schlutter D, Sheffield-Parker J, Simionovici A, Simon S, Sitnitsky I, Snead CJ, Spencer MK, Stadermann FJ, Steele A, Stephan T, Stroud R, Susini J, Sutton SR, Suzuki Y, Taheri M, Taylor S, Teslich N, Tomeoka K, Tomioka N, Toppani A, Trigo-Rodríguez JM, Troadec D, Tsuchiyama A, Tuzzolino AJ, Tyliszczak T, Uesugi K, Velbel M, Vellenga J, Vicenzi E, Vincze L, Warren J, Weber I, Weisberg M, Westphal AJ, Wirick S, Wooden D, Wopenka B, Wozniakiewicz P, Wright I, Yabuta H, Yano H, Young ED, Zare RN, Zega T, Ziegler K, Zimmerman L, Zinner E, Zolensky M. Comet 81P/Wild 2 Under a Microscope. Science 2006; 314:1711-6. [PMID: 17170289 DOI: 10.1126/science.1135840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 740] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The Stardust spacecraft collected thousands of particles from comet 81P/Wild 2 and returned them to Earth for laboratory study. The preliminary examination of these samples shows that the nonvolatile portion of the comet is an unequilibrated assortment of materials that have both presolar and solar system origin. The comet contains an abundance of silicate grains that are much larger than predictions of interstellar grain models, and many of these are high-temperature minerals that appear to have formed in the inner regions of the solar nebula. Their presence in a comet proves that the formation of the solar system included mixing on the grandest scales.
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Gauthier A, Araki T, Neel B, Kaplan D, Miller F. [ST7]: An activated SHP‐2 mutant that causes noonan syndrome and is associated with cognitive impairments pertubs cell fates of cerebral cortex precursors. Int J Dev Neurosci 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2006.09.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Zou Y, Araki T, Appel G, Kilcoyne A, Ade H. Solid state effects in the NEXAFS spectra of alkane-based van der Waals crystals: Breakdown of molecular model. Chem Phys Lett 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2006.08.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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104
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Seki K, Mitsumoto R, Itoc E, Araki T, Sakurai Y, Yoshimura D, Ishii H, Ouchi Y, Miyamae T, Narita T, Nishimura S, Takata Y, Yokoyama T, Ohta T, Suganuma S, Okino F, Touhara H. High-Energy Spectroscopic Studies of the Electronic Structures of Organic Systems Formed from Carbon and Fluorine by UPS, Vacuum-UV Optical Spectroscopy, and NEXAFS: Poly(hexafluoro-1,3-butadiene) [C(CF3) = C(CF3)] n , Fluorinated Graphites (CF, C2F, and C6F), Perfluoroalkanes n-C n F2n+2, Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (CF2) n , and Fluorinated Fullerenes (C60F x and C70F x ). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/10587250108023664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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105
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Furuya S, Furuya R, Ogura H, Araki T, Arita T. [A study of 4,031 patients of transurethral resection of the prostate performed by one surgeon: learning curve, surgical results and postoperative complications]. HINYOKIKA KIYO. ACTA UROLOGICA JAPONICA 2006; 52:609-14. [PMID: 16972622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
A total of 4,031 patients who underwent transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) performed by one surgeon between May 1979 and December 2003 were retrospectively examined to determine the improvement of the surgeon's skill in performing TURP assessed by using a learning curve, surgical results and postoperative complications. Analysis using the learning curve, which displayed the relationship between the number of TURP procedures and the speed of resection (i.e., the weight of tissue resected divided by the operation time), revealed that 81 operations were needed before the surgeon's skill reached a plateau in performing TURP. The means +/- standard deviations of the weight of tissue resected, operation time and speed of resection were 17.0 +/- 14.6 g, 21.0 +/- 13.5 minutes, 0.80 +/- 0.32 g/minutes, respectively. As the number of TURP procedures increased and the level of skill improved, the operation time was significantly reduced and the speed of resection was significantly increased. The incidences of postoperative complications were 2.4% for blood transfusion, 0.3% for the TURP syndrome, 1.5% for hemostatic procedures, 2.8% for bladder neck contracture, and 1.0% for urethral stricture. The incidences of transfusion and the TURP syndrome decreased as the surgeon's skill improved. The mortality rate was 0.1%.
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106
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Si M, Araki T, Ade H, Kilcoyne ALD, Fisher R, Sokolov JC, Rafailovich MH. Compatibilizing Bulk Polymer Blends by Using Organoclays. Macromolecules 2006. [DOI: 10.1021/ma060125+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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107
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Himeda T, Watanabe Y, Tounai H, Hayakawa N, Kato H, Araki T. Time dependent alterations of co-localization of S100β and GFAP in the MPTP-treated mice. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2006; 113:1887-94. [PMID: 16736245 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-006-0482-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2005] [Accepted: 01/31/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
S100beta is a calcium-binding peptide produced by astrocytes. This protein is expressed at high levels in brain and is known as a marker of brain damage. However, little is known about the role of S100beta protein during neuronal damage caused by MPTP. To determine exactly changes of expression of S100beta protein in relation to changes of glial cells, we investigated immunohistochemically the expression of S100beta protein using MPTP-treated mice. The present study showed that tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunoreactivity was decreased in the striatum and substantia nigra from 5 h and 1 day after MPTP treatment, respectively. Thereafter, a severe reduction in TH immunoreactivity was observed in the striatum and substantia nigra 1, 3 and 7 days after MPTP treatment. In our double-labeled immunostaining, the number of S100-positive/GFAP-negative cells decreased from 1 day up to 7 days after MPTP treatment. In contrast, the number of double-labeled S100/GFAP-immnoreactive cells increased from 1 day up to 7 days after MPTP treatment. The number of S100beta-positive/GFAP-negative cells also decreased 3 and 7 days after MPTP treatment. In contrast, the number of double-labeled S100beta/GFAP-immunoreactive cells increased from 1 day up to 7 days after MPTP treatment. The present study demonstrates that S100beta/GFAP-positive cells may play some role in the pathogenesis of MPTP-induced dopaminergic neurodegeneration in the striatum. The present results also suggest the presence of the S100beta protein in a subpopulation of GFAP-negative astrocytes in the striatum after MPTP treatment. These results suggest that the modulation of astrocytic activation may offer a novel therapeutic strategy of Parkinson's disease.
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Araki T, Enomoto S, Furuno K, Gando Y, Ichimura K, Ikeda H, Inoue K, Kishimoto Y, Koga M, Koseki Y, Maeda T, Mitsui T, Motoki M, Nakajima K, Nakamura K, Ogawa H, Ogawa M, Owada K, Ricol JS, Shimizu I, Shirai J, Suekane F, Suzuki A, Tada K, Takeuchi S, Tamae K, Tsuda Y, Watanabe H, Busenitz J, Classen T, Djurcic Z, Keefer G, Leonard DS, Piepke A, Yakushev E, Berger BE, Chan YD, Decowski MP, Dwyer DA, Freedman SJ, Fujikawa BK, Goldman J, Gray F, Heeger KM, Hsu L, Lesko KT, Luk KB, Murayama H, O'Donnell T, Poon AWP, Steiner HM, Winslow LA, Jillings C, Mauger C, McKeown RD, Vogel P, Zhang C, Lane CE, Miletic T, Guillian G, Learned JG, Maricic J, Matsuno S, Pakvasa S, Horton-Smith GA, Dazeley S, Hatakeyama S, Rojas A, Svoboda R, Dieterle BD, Detwiler J, Gratta G, Ishii K, Tolich N, Uchida Y, Batygov M, Bugg W, Efremenko Y, Kamyshkov Y, Kozlov A, Nakamura Y, Karwowski HJ, Markoff DM, Rohm RM, Tornow W, Wendell R, Chen MJ, Wang YF, Piquemal F. Search for the invisible decay of neutrons with KamLAND. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2006; 96:101802. [PMID: 16605724 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.96.101802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2005] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The Kamioka Liquid scintillator Anti-Neutrino Detector is used in a search for single neutron or two-neutron intranuclear disappearance that would produce holes in the -shell energy level of (12)C nuclei. Such holes could be created as a result of nucleon decay into invisible modes (inv), e.g., n--> 3v or nn--> 2v. The deexcitation of the corresponding daughter nucleus results in a sequence of space and time-correlated events observable in the liquid scintillator detector. We report on new limits for one- and two-neutron disappearance: tau(n--> inv) > 5.8 x 10(29) years and tau (nn--> inv) > 1.4 x 10(30) years at 90% C.L. These results represent an improvement of factors of approximately 3 and >10(4) and over previous experiments.
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109
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Dynes JJ, Tyliszczak T, Araki T, Lawrence JR, Swerhone GDW, Leppard GG, Hitchcock AP. Speciation and quantitative mapping of metal species in microbial biofilms using scanning transmission X-ray microscopy. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2006; 40:1556-65. [PMID: 16568770 DOI: 10.1021/es0513638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
A scanning transmission X-ray microscope illuminated with synchrotron light was used to investigate the speciation and spatial distributions of metals in a microbial biofilm cultivated from river water. Metal 2p absorption edge signals were used to provide metal speciation (through shapes of the absorption spectra) and quantitative spatial distributions of the metal species. This paper presents sample data and describes methods for extracting quantitative maps of metal species from image sequences recorded in the region of the metal 2p edges. Comparisons were made with biochemical characterization of the same region using images recorded at the C 1s and O 1s edges. The method is applied to detailed quantitative analysis of ferrous and ferric iron in a river biofilm, in concert with mapping Ni(II) and Mn(II) species in the same region. The distributions of the metal species are discussed in the context of the biofilm structure. These results demonstrate that soft X-ray STXM measurements at the metal 2p absorption edges can be used to speciate metals and to provide quantitative spatial distribution maps for metal species in environmental samples with 50 nm spatial resolution.
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Nambu A, Araki T, Taguchi Y, Ozawa K, Miyata K, Miyazawa M, Hiejima Y, Saito A. Focal area of ground-glass opacity and ground-glass opacity predominance on thin-section CT: discrimination between neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions. Clin Imaging 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2005.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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111
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Wang Y, Rafailovich M, Sokolov J, Gersappe D, Araki T, Zou Y, Kilcoyne ADL, Ade H, Marom G, Lustiger A. Substrate effect on the melting temperature of thin polyethylene films. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2006; 96:028303. [PMID: 16486656 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.96.028303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2005] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Strong dependence of the crystal orientation, morphology, and melting temperature (Tm) on the substrate is observed in the semicrystalline polyethylene thin films. The Tm decreases with the film thickness decrease when the film is thinner than a certain critical thickness, and the magnitude of the depression increases with increasing surface interaction. We attribute the large Tm depression to the decrease in the overall free energy on melting, which is caused by the substrate attraction force to the chains that competes against the interchain force which drives the chains to crystallization.
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112
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Harton SE, Koga T, Stevie FA, Araki T, Ade H. Investigation of Blend Miscibility of a Ternary PS/PCHMA/PMMA System Using SIMS and Mean-Field Theory. Macromolecules 2005. [DOI: 10.1021/ma051595r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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113
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Fujii S, Armes SP, Araki T, Ade H. Direct Imaging and Spectroscopic Characterization of Stimulus-Responsive Microgels. J Am Chem Soc 2005; 127:16808-9. [PMID: 16316226 DOI: 10.1021/ja056589p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Scanning transmission X-ray microscopy has been employed to visualize pH-responsive acid-swellable microgel particles directly in their swollen state in aqueous acidic solution. Moreover, NEXAFS studies confirm that the nitrogen atoms of these cationic microgel particles are completely protonated at low pH.
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Nambu A, Araki T, Taguchi Y, Ozawa K, Miyata K, Miyazawa M, Hiejima Y, Saito A. Focal area of ground-glass opacity and ground-glass opacity predominance on thin-section CT: Discrimination between neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions. Clin Radiol 2005; 60:1006-17. [PMID: 16124983 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2005.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2004] [Revised: 06/12/2005] [Accepted: 06/14/2005] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM To reveal differences in thin-section computed tomography (CT) findings between lung neoplastic lesions and non-neoplastic lesions, which showed a focal area of ground-glass opacity or ground-glass opacity predominance. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 82 focal areas of ground-glass opacity and ground-glass opacity predominance, consisting of 38 neoplastic and 44 non-neoplastic lesions, were assessed retrospectively regarding their thin-section CT findings. RESULTS The frequency of wholly well-defined margin (p=0.001), spiculation (p=0.019), pleural indentation (p=0.016), air bronchograms (p=0.027), air-containing space (p=0.004) was significantly higher in neoplastic lesions than in non-neoplastic lesions. Thirty-four of 38 (89%) neoplastic lesions were well-defined in more than 50% of the circumference, of which nine had an air-containing space other than air bronchogram, whereas only one non-neoplastic lesion had these features. CONCLUSION A focal area of ground-glass opacity or ground-glass opacity predominance with a well-defined margin and air-containing space is more likely to be a neoplasm.
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Araki T, Enomoto S, Furuno K, Gando Y, Ichimura K, Ikeda H, Inoue K, Kishimoto Y, Koga M, Koseki Y, Maeda T, Mitsui T, Motoki M, Nakajima K, Ogawa H, Ogawa M, Owada K, Ricol JS, Shimizu I, Shirai J, Suekane F, Suzuki A, Tada K, Takeuchi S, Tamae K, Tsuda Y, Watanabe H, Busenitz J, Classen T, Djurcic Z, Keefer G, Leonard D, Piepke A, Yakushev E, Berger BE, Chan YD, Decowski MP, Dwyer DA, Freedman SJ, Fujikawa BK, Goldman J, Gray F, Heeger KM, Hsu L, Lesko KT, Luk KB, Murayama H, O'Donnell T, Poon AWP, Steiner HM, Winslow LA, Mauger C, McKeown RD, Vogel P, Lane CE, Miletic T, Guillian G, Learned JG, Maricic J, Matsuno S, Pakvasa S, Horton-Smith GA, Dazeley S, Hatakeyama S, Rojas A, Svoboda R, Dieterle BD, Detwiler J, Gratta G, Ishii K, Tolich N, Uchida Y, Batygov M, Bugg W, Efremenko Y, Kamyshkov Y, Kozlov A, Nakamura Y, Karwowski HJ, Markoff DM, Nakamura K, Rohm RM, Tornow W, Wendell R, Chen MJ, Wang YF, Piquemal F. Experimental investigation of geologically produced antineutrinos with KamLAND. Nature 2005; 436:499-503. [PMID: 16049478 DOI: 10.1038/nature03980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 296] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2005] [Accepted: 07/04/2005] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The detection of electron antineutrinos produced by natural radioactivity in the Earth could yield important geophysical information. The Kamioka liquid scintillator antineutrino detector (KamLAND) has the sensitivity to detect electron antineutrinos produced by the decay of 238U and 232Th within the Earth. Earth composition models suggest that the radiogenic power from these isotope decays is 16 TW, approximately half of the total measured heat dissipation rate from the Earth. Here we present results from a search for geoneutrinos with KamLAND. Assuming a Th/U mass concentration ratio of 3.9, the 90 per cent confidence interval for the total number of geoneutrinos detected is 4.5 to 54.2. This result is consistent with the central value of 19 predicted by geophysical models. Although our present data have limited statistical power, they nevertheless provide by direct means an upper limit (60 TW) for the radiogenic power of U and Th in the Earth, a quantity that is currently poorly constrained.
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Onishi H, Komiyama T, Kuriyama K, Tanaka S, Marino K, Araki T. Three-year results of stereotactic three dimensional (3-D) conformal multiple dynamic arc radiotherapy for stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using a linear accelerator unified with self-moving CT scanner (Linac-CT unit) and patient’s self-breath and beam control technique. J Clin Oncol 2005. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2005.23.16_suppl.7220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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117
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Shoji T, Hatsuda S, Shinohara K, Kimoto E, Araki T, Maeno T, Mori K, Fukumoto S, Koyama H, Emoto M, Nishizawa Y. W17-P-017 Interrelationship between indices of arterial stiffness (PWV and stiffness parameter β) in healthy subjects. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(05)80510-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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118
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Araki T, Eguchi K, Enomoto S, Furuno K, Ichimura K, Ikeda H, Inoue K, Ishihara K, Iwamoto T, Kawashima T, Kishimoto Y, Koga M, Koseki Y, Maeda T, Mitsui T, Motoki M, Nakajima K, Ogawa H, Owada K, Ricol JS, Shimizu I, Shirai J, Suekane F, Suzuki A, Tada K, Tajima O, Tamae K, Tsuda Y, Watanabe H, Busenitz J, Classen T, Djurcic Z, Keefer G, McKinny K, Mei DM, Piepke A, Yakushev E, Berger BE, Chan YD, Decowski MP, Dwyer DA, Freedman SJ, Fu Y, Fujikawa BK, Goldman J, Gray F, Heeger KM, Lesko KT, Luk KB, Murayama H, Poon AWP, Steiner HM, Winslow LA, Horton-Smith GA, Mauger C, McKeown RD, Vogel P, Lane CE, Miletic T, Gorham PW, Guillian G, Learned JG, Maricic J, Matsuno S, Pakvasa S, Dazeley S, Hatakeyama S, Rojas A, Svoboda R, Dieterle BD, Detwiler J, Gratta G, Ishii K, Tolich N, Uchida Y, Batygov M, Bugg W, Efremenko Y, Kamyshkov Y, Kozlov A, Nakamura Y, Gould CR, Karwowski HJ, Markoff DM, Messimore JA, Nakamura K, Rohm RM, Tornow W, Wendell R, Young AR, Chen MJ, Wang YF, Piquemal F. Measurement of neutrino oscillation with KamLAND: evidence of spectral distortion. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2005; 94:081801. [PMID: 15783875 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.94.081801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We present results of a study of neutrino oscillation based on a 766 ton/year exposure of KamLAND to reactor antineutrinos. We observe 258 nu (e) candidate events with energies above 3.4 MeV compared to 365.2+/-23.7 events expected in the absence of neutrino oscillation. Accounting for 17.8+/-7.3 expected background events, the statistical significance for reactor nu (e) disappearance is 99.998%. The observed energy spectrum disagrees with the expected spectral shape in the absence of neutrino oscillation at 99.6% significance and prefers the distortion expected from nu (e) oscillation effects. A two-neutrino oscillation analysis of the KamLAND data gives Deltam(2)=7.9(+0.6)(-0.5)x10(-5) eV(2). A global analysis of data from KamLAND and solar-neutrino experiments yields Deltam(2)=7.9(+0.6)(-0.5)x10(-5) eV(2) and tan((2)theta=0.40(+0.10)(-0.07), the most precise determination to date.
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Furuya S, Furuya R, Ogura H, Shimamura S, Araki T. [Transurethral resection for prostatic adenoma larger than 100 ml--preoperative treatment with interstitial laser coagulation of the prostate plus chlormadinone acetate as a treatment maneuver for safer operations]. HINYOKIKA KIYO. ACTA UROLOGICA JAPONICA 2005; 51:159-64. [PMID: 15852668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Between August 1985 and March 2004, we performed transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) in 18 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) whose prostatic volume was larger than 100 ml. We divided the patients into two groups. Group A consisted of a total of 14 cases: 10 cases whose mean prostate volume was 114 ml (100 to 137 ml) and 4 cases whose prostate volume was not measured before TURP but whose mean resected prostatic tissue weight was 113 g (105 to 118 g). Group B consisted of 4 cases whose mean prostate volume was 110 ml (101 to 133 ml). Patients in group B underwent interstitial laser coagulation of the prostate (ILCP) followed by oral chlormadinone acetate (CMA) therapy (50 mg/day); TURP was performed 6 months later, once the prostate volume had shrunk to an average of 76 ml (66 to 91 ml). Mean resected weights and operation times were: group A, 93.1 g, 66.3 min; group B, 60.5 g, 55.7 min. There were 12 blood transfusion cases (85.7%; intraoperative) in group A, and 1 (25.0%; POD 1) in group B. Accordingly, this preoperative treatment was considered a safer method of TURP for BPH 100 ml or more. There were no cases of TURP syndrome or death in either group.
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Naoi H, Kurouchi M, Araki T, Yamaguchi T, Nanishi Y. Correlation among growth conditions, crystal structures and optical properties of InN. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/pssc.200460320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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121
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Kurosaki R, Muramatsu Y, Imai Y, Kato H, Araki T. Neuroprotective effect of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor perindopril in MPTP-treated mice. Neurol Res 2005; 26:644-57. [PMID: 15327754 DOI: 10.1179/016164104225015949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
The angiotensin -converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor perindopril has been shown to exert beneficial effects on the dopaminergic system. Here, we investigated the effects of perindopril on the dopaminergic system in mice after 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) treatment, in comparison with a Ca(2+) antagonist, amlodipine. Administration of perindopril showed dose-dependent neuroprotective effects against MPTP-induced striatal dopamine and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) depletion. However, administration of amlodipine showed no significant effects on striatal dopamine depletion after MPTP treatment. In our immunohistochemical studies with antibodies against tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), microtubule-associated protein 2a, b (MAP2), dopamine transporter (DAT), parvalbumin (PV), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD), the administration of perindopril significantly attenuated MPTP-induced substantia nigra and striatal damage. This drug also blocked the increases in GFAP-positive astrocytes in the striatum and substantia nigra after MPTP treatment. Furthermore, the administration of perindopril showed a protective effect against the intense Cu/Zn-SOD immunoreactivity in the neurons and glial cells in both the striatum and substantia nigra after MPTP treatment. These results indicated that the ACE inhibitor perindopril can protect against MPTP-induced striatal dopamine and DOPAC depletion in mice. The protective effect may be, at least in part, caused by the reduction of free radicals caused by MPTP. The present study also demonstrated that perindopril is effective against MPTP-induced neurodegeneration of the nigro-striatal dopaminergic pathway. Furthermore, our results provided further evidence that free radical scavengers may be effective in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease.
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Yamashita T, Ishikawa T, Yoshida T, Hayama T, Araki T, Aoyama H, Hagiwara T, Itani T, Fuji K. Synthesis of Fluorinated Materials for 193-nm Immersion Lithography and 157-nm Lithography. J PHOTOPOLYM SCI TEC 2005. [DOI: 10.2494/photopolymer.18.631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Takekoh R, Okubo M, Araki T, Stöver HDH, Hitchcock AP. Quantitative Chemical Mapping of Nanostructured “Onionlike” Poly(methyl methacrylate)/Polystyrene Composite Particles by Soft X-ray Microscopy. Macromolecules 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/ma048609y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Takano A, Wada S, Sato S, Araki T, Hirahara K, Kazama T, Kawahara S, Isono Y, Ohno A, Tanaka N, Matsushita Y. Observation of Cylinder-Based Microphase-Separated Structures from ABC Star-Shaped Terpolymers Investigated by Electron Computerized Tomography. Macromolecules 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/ma048893t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Araki T, Yokoyama T, Kumon H. Effectiveness of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug for nocturia on patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a prospective non-randomized study of loxoprofen sodium 60 mg once daily before sleeping. ACTA MEDICA OKAYAMA 2004; 58:45-9. [PMID: 15157011 DOI: 10.18926/amo/32115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
We explored the effectiveness of loxoprofen sodium (loxoprofen), which is the most common non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) in Japan, for patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) complaining of nocturia. A total of 93 BPH patients aged 49-84 years were enrolled in the study. These patients had received standard drug therapy with alpha1-blocker for BPH, followed by anticholinergic drugs, hypnotics, tricyclic antidepressants, and/or antiduretic hormone, but they still complained about 2 or more episodes of nocturia. They each took a single 60-mg tablet of loxoprofen prior to sleeping at night for 14 days in addition to their BPH treatments. The effects were assessed by questionnaire before and after treatment as excellent (nocturia disappeared or decreased by 2 or more voids/night), improved (nocturia decreased by 1 void/night), unchanged, or worsened (nocturia increased). Nocturia improved or disappeared in 74.2% of patients: excellent, improved, unchanged, and worsened results were obtained in 37.6%, 36.6%, 21.5%, and 4.3% of patients, respectively. The effects were better in patients whose baseline nocturia was > 2 times than in those with a lesser frequency at enrollment (P = 0.04). Loxoprofen can be an effective and useful treatment option for patients with BPH complaining of refractory nocturia.
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