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Feng YH, Wu P, Tang YY, Liu Y, Wang XW, Qiu YZ, Zhang X. [Risks to predict blood loss and cranial nerve injury in carotid body paraganglioma resection]. ZHONGHUA ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY HEAD AND NECK SURGERY 2023; 58:1243-1247. [PMID: 38186100 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20230919-00099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate clinical and imaging parameters to predict blood loss and cranial nerve injury (CNI) following carotid body paraganglioma (CBP) resection. Methods: A retrospective examination of clinical and imaging data was conducted on 63 patients who underwent CBP resection at Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from January 2016 to December 2022, including 23 males and 40 females, aged 26-87 years old. Three imaging parameters including tumor volume, the angle of contact with the internal carotid artery (ICA), and the distance to the base of skull (DTBOS) were gauged using the IMEDPACS software on CTA and MR imaging. The predictive efficacies of age, gender, Shamblin classification, and three imaging parameters for blood loss and CNI following surgery were analysed. Logistic composite parameter models were constructed and their predictive validity was assessed. Results: Multivariate logistic regression analysis underscored that only tumor volume (OR=1.381,95%CI:1.167-1.507,P=0.001) showed significant statistical correlations with blood loss following surgery. Area under curve (AUC) values of 0.910 for receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves showed a sensitivity of 1.000 and a specificity of 0.694. Tumor volume (OR=1.126,95%CI:1.030-1.231, P=0.002) and DTBOS (OR=0.225,95%CI:0.081-0.630,P=0.005) were significantly associated with postoperative CNI. The analysis of logistic composite model showed AUC values for tumor volume, DTBOS and combination of the two parameters were 0.858, 0.788, and 0.872, respectively. The model for combination of tumor volume and DTBOS also proved superior in predicting postoperative CNI (Z=3.106, P<0.001), with a sensitivity of 0.833 and a specificity of 0.769. Conclusions: Tumor volume and DTBOS emerged as effective predictors for blood loss and/or CNI in patients with CBP resection. Moreover, the logistic composite parameter model outclassed single-parameter models in terms of their predictive clinical value.
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Wu F, Ji XN, Shen MX, Feng S, Xie LN, Gao YY, Li SP, Yang AY, Wang JH, Chen Q, Zhang X. [Clinical characteristics of epileptic seizure in neurofibromatosis type 1 in 15 cases]. ZHONGHUA ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2023; 61:1124-1128. [PMID: 38018050 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20230829-00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To summarize the clinical characteristics of epileptic seizure associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Methods: From January 2017 to July 2023 at Children's Hospital Capital Institute of Pediatrics, medical records of patients with both NF1 and epileptic seizure were reviewed in this case series study. The clinical characteristics, treatment and prognosis were analyzed retrospectively. Results: A total of 15 patients(12 boys and 3 girls) were collected. Café-au-lait macules were observed in all 15 patients. There were 6 patients with neurodevelopmental disorders and the main manifestations were intellectual disability or developmental delay. The age at the first epileptic seizure was 2.5 (1.2, 5.5) years. There were various seizure types, including generalized tonic-clonic seizures in 8 patients, focal motor seizures in 6 patients, epileptic spasm in 4 patients, tonic seizures in 1 patient, absence in 1 patient, generalized myoclonic seizure in 1 patient and focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizure in 1 patient. Among 14 patients whose brain magnetic resonance imaging results were available, there were abnormal signals in corpus callosum, basal ganglia, thalamus or cerebellum in 6 patients, dilated ventricles of different degrees in 3 patients, blurred gray and white matter boundary in 2 patients, agenesis of corpus callosum in 1 patient and no obvious abnormalities in the other patients. Among 13 epilepsy patients, 8 were seizure-free with 1 or 2 antiseizure medications(ASM), 1 with drug resistant epilepsy was seizure-free after left temporal lobectomy, and the other 4 patients who have received 2 to 9 ASM had persistent seizures. One patient with complex febrile convulsion achieved seizure freedom after oral administration of diazepam on demand. One patient had only 1 unprovoked epileptic seizure and did not have another seizure without taking any ASM. Conclusions: The first epileptic seizure in NF1 patients usually occurs in infancy and early childhood, with the main seizure type of generalized tonic-clonic seizure and focal motor seizure. Some patients have intellectual disability or developmental delay. Most epilepsy patients achieve seizure freedom with ASM.
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Zhang X, Xu L, Li M, Chen X, Tang J, Zhang P, Wang Y, Chen B, Ren J, Liu J. Intelligent Ti3C2–Pt heterojunction with oxygen self-supply for augmented chemo-sonodynamic/immune tumor therapy. MATERIALS TODAY NANO 2023; 24:100386. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mtnano.2023.100386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
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Wang B, Li H, Yang C, Nie R, Zhang X, Pu C. VDR gene ApaI polymorphism and risk of postmenopausal osteoporosis: a meta-analysis from 22 studies. Climacteric 2023; 26:583-593. [PMID: 37477999 DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2023.2233421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The ApaI polymorphism (G > T, rs7975232) of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene in the risk of postmenopausal osteoporosis has been widely researched, and the results have yielded conflicts. Therefore, we performed an updated pooled analysis to comprehensively assess the association between VDR ApaI polymorphism and postmenopausal osteoporosis risk. METHODS We searched eligible studies about ApaI polymorphism and osteoporosis through the PubMed, Embase, CNKI and Wanfang databases; case-control studies containing available genotype frequencies of A/a were chosen. We used the odds ratio with 95% confidence interval to assess the strength of this association. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias assessment were performed. Trial sequential analysis (TSA) was performed to evaluate a sufficient sample. RESULTS Twenty-two studies assessed the relationship between ApaI polymorphism and the risk of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. The comprehensive analyses showed no significant association for ApaI polymorphism with postmenopausal osteoporosis in the overall population, equally valid for Asian and Caucasian subgroups with any genetic model. TSA still indicated the results were robust. CONCLUSION The present meta-analysis suggests that the VDR ApaI genotype may not affect the risk of postmenopausal osteoporosis in Asians and Caucasians.
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Zhang X, Li HZ, Wang Y. [Challenges and opportunities in the development of telesurgery]. ZHONGHUA WAI KE ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF SURGERY] 2023; 62:27-30. [PMID: 38044604 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112139-20231102-00209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Telesurgery, which utilizes remote communication technology and surgical robots for operations, is an emerging method that breaks the constraints of space on surgical procedures and is an important development direction for future surgery. With a vast territory, telesurgery has the potential to become a candidate method to improve the uneven distribution of regional medical resources. In recent years, with the development and maturity of China's domestic surgical robot technology and communication technology, China has made rapid progress in the field of telesurgery, but is still in the primary stage of development, facing many challenges and also taking advantage of opportunities. The next 20 years will be a golden opportunity for the development of telesurgery worldwide, and it is a hopeful view that Chinese surgeons will seize the opportunity and face the challenges to lead the development of telesurgery.
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Zhou Z, Tong C, Tian L, Zhang X, Li Y, Xiao Y, Yan L. Retraction Note: Retrospective study of preservation and transection of the round ligament of uterus during laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal inguinal hernia repair in adult women. Hernia 2023; 27:1627. [PMID: 37792104 DOI: 10.1007/s10029-023-02906-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
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Dou KF, Zhang X, Yang ZP. [Developments and challenges of liver transplantation in China]. ZHONGHUA WAI KE ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF SURGERY] 2023; 62:1-5. [PMID: 38044599 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112139-20231030-00202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
With the vigorous promotion of organ donation after citizen death in China, increased utilization of marginal livers, and continuous expansion of hepatocellular carcinoma indications for liver transplantation, innovations in techniques such as auxiliary liver transplantation, pediatric liver transplantation laparoscopic liver transplantation, magnetic liver transplantation,and non-ischemic liver transplantation have significantly improved the number of liver transplantation surgery performed, patient survival rates, and graft survival rates in China, while complication rates have gradually decreased. As such,liver transplantation in China has now reached leading or advanced levels internationally. In the new development context,Chinese liver transplantation faces new opportunities and challenges for development. Evolutions in basic diseases of transplant recipients and tumor classifications of will further broaden the population eligible for transplantation and introduce new demands for liver transplantation procedures. Emerging technologies including artificial organs, xenotransplantation,and artificial intelligence are bringing prospects for advancing liver transplantation. Looking ahead, the progression of liver transplantation will go beyond prioritizing patient survival rates and graft survival rates alone, instead emphasizing improved quality of life for transplant recipients post-surgery to an even greater extent.
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Xie M, Deng Y, Wang L, Zhang X, Gong R, Tang J. Corneal lenticule implantation combined with PTK and PRK to correct hyperopia. J Fr Ophtalmol 2023; 46:e352-e357. [PMID: 37544781 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2023.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
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Sun J, Zhang X, Wang L, Di Stefano AFD, Zanin V, Magrone P, Yuan Y. Phase I study of the pharmacokinetics and safety of single and multiple doses of intravenous N-acetylcysteine in healthy Chinese subjects. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2023; 27:12103-12111. [PMID: 38164872 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202312_34808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to determine the pharmacokinetics (PK) and safety of single and repeat doses of intravenous (IV) N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in Chinese subjects. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 24 healthy male and female Chinese subjects aged 19-40 years were enrolled in this open-label phase I study. All subjects received a single dose of NAC 600 mg IV on day 1 and, after a 3-day washout, received repeat doses of NAC 600 mg IV (twice daily on days 4 and 5 and once on day 6). RESULTS Following a single dose, plasma NAC concentrations peaked rapidly, starting to fall at the end of the 5-minute infusion in a multiphasic manner. Mean Cmax was 83.30 μg/mL (CV% 30.7%), median Tmax was 0.083 h (range 0.08-0.25 h), and mean AUC(0-12 h) was 81.87 h*μg/mL (CV 14.0%). Following repeat dosing, Cmax was approximately 20% higher than after a single dose, with similar Tmax. Total exposure AUC(0-12) was 13% higher at steady state than after single dosing. The accumulation ratio was approximately 1.13, indicating only a slight accumulation with multiple dosing. NAC was eliminated with T1/2 of approximately 8 hours. Around 15% of the total NAC dose was excreted in the urine in the 32 hours post-dose, keeping with extensive NAC metabolism and transformation. Renal clearance of NAC was 995.2 mL/h (CV 50.2%). IV NAC was well tolerated after both single and multiple dosing. CONCLUSIONS This is the first robust study evaluating the PK and safety of IV NAC 600 mg in Chinese subjects and provides important data if this agent is to be used IV as a mucolytic in this population.
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Zhang W, Ma X, Yu S, Zhang X, Mu Y, Li Y, Xiao Q, Ji M. Occupational stress, respect, and the need for psychological counselling in Chinese nurses: a nationwide cross-sectional study. Public Health 2023; 225:72-78. [PMID: 37922589 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore occupational stress, perceived respect, and the need for psychological counselling among nurses in China. STUDY DESIGN This was a nationwide cross-sectional study. METHODS Chinese nurses from 311 cities were randomly selected through a simple random sampling method. Occupational stress, perceived respect, and psychological counselling need were assessed using an online questionnaire validated by experts. The underlying associated factors were analysed using multiple logistic regression analyses. RESULTS We collected and analysed 51,406 valid online questionnaires. Family factors and low income were the most commonly cited sources of occupational stress, and 91.9% and 80.0% of nurses, respectively, perceived that individuals in society and patients did not give adequate respect. Furthermore, 75.5% and 79.7%, respectively, believed they were not respected by clinical managers and doctors. As a result, 64.7% nurses believed they had a moderate or high need for psychological counselling. However, 80.7% indicated that receiving adequate respect could decrease the need for stress-related psychological counselling. Indeed, multiple logistic regression analyses showed that lower respect perceived by nurses was associated with higher need for psychological counselling, particularly regarding criticism that nurses perceived from nursing managers (a little: odds ratio [OR], 1.597; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.176-2.170; P = 0.003; moderately: OR, 1.433; 95% CI, 1.180-1.741; P < 0.001) and the difficulty of receiving respect from patients and their families (a little: OR, 1.389; 95% CI, 1.044-1.850; P = 0.024). CONCLUSIONS Nurses in China perceive high levels of occupational stress and low levels of respect and often seek psychological counselling.
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Zhang X, Peng KZ, Xu SL, Wu MX, Sun HJ, Zhao J, Yang S, Liu SJ, Lia CY, Zhang XM. The GluN2B-Containing NMDA Receptor Alleviates Neuronal Apoptosis in Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy by Activating PI3K-Akt-CREB Signaling Pathwa. Physiol Res 2023; 72:669-680. [PMID: 38015765 PMCID: PMC10751047 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.935044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a disease caused by insufficient blood supply in the brain in newborns during the perinatal period. Severe HIE leads to patient death, and patients with mild HIE are at increased risk of cognitive deficits and behavioral abnormalities. The NMDA receptor is an important excitatory receptor in the central nervous system, and in adult hypoxic-ischemic injury both subtypes of the NMDA receptor play important but distinct roles. The GluN2A-containing NMDA receptor (GluN2A-NMDAR) could activate neuronal protective signaling pathway, while the GluN2B-NMDAR subtype is coupled to the apoptosis-inducing signaling pathway and leads to neuronal death. However, the expression level of GluN2B is higher in newborns than in adults, while the expression of GluN2A is lower. Therefore, it is not clear whether the roles of different NMDA receptor subtypes in HIE are consistent with those in adults. We investigated this issue in this study and found that in HIE, GluN2B plays a protective role by mediating the protective pathway through binding with PSD95, which is quite different to that in adults. The results of this study provided new theoretical support for the clinical treatment of neonatal hypoxic ischemia.
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Mu Y, Li J, Zhang S, Zhong F, Zhang X, Song J, Yuan H, Tian T, Hu Y. Role of LncMALAT1-miR-141-3p/200a-3p-NRXN1 Axis in the Impairment of Learning and Memory Capacity in ADHD. Physiol Res 2023; 72:645-656. [PMID: 38015763 PMCID: PMC10751048 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.935011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
As a prevalent neurodevelopmental disease, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) impairs the learning and memory capacity, and so far, there has been no available treatment option for long-term efficacy. Alterations in gene regulation and synapse-related proteins influence learning and memory capacity; nevertheless, the regulatory mechanism of synapse-related protein synthesis is still unclear in ADHD. LncRNAs have been found participating in regulating genes in multiple disorders. For instance, lncRNA Metastasis Associated Lung Adenocarcinoma Transcript 1 (MALAT1) has an essential regulatory function in numerous psychiatric diseases. However, how MALAT1 influences synapse-related protein synthesis in ADHD remains largely unknown. Here, our study found that MALAT1 decreased in the hippocampus tissue of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) compared to the standard controls, Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats. Subsequent experiments revealed that MALAT1 enhanced the expression of neurexin 1 (NRXN1), which promoted the synapse-related genes (SYN1, PSD95, and GAP43) expression. Then, the bioinformatic analyses predicted that miR-141-3p and miR-200a-3p, microRNAs belonging to miR-200 family and sharing same seed sequence, could interact with MALAT1 and NRXN1 mRNA, which were further confirmed by luciferase report assays. Finally, rescue experiments indicated that MALAT1 influenced the expression of NRXN1 by sponging miR-141-3p/200a-3p. All data verified our hypothesis that MALAT1 regulated synapse-related proteins (SYN1, PSD95, and GAP43) through the MALAT1-miR-141-3p/200a-3p-NRXN1 axis in ADHD. Our research underscored a novel role of MALAT1 in the pathogenesis of impaired learning and memory capacity in ADHD and may shed more light on developing diagnostic biomarkers and more effective therapeutic interventions for individuals with ADHD.
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Abdulhamid MI, Aboona BE, Adam J, Adams JR, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal I, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Aitbaev A, Alekseev I, Anderson DM, Aparin A, Aslam S, Atchison J, Averichev GS, Bairathi V, Baker W, Cap JGB, Barish K, Bhagat P, Bhasin A, Bhatta S, Bordyuzhin IG, Brandenburg JD, Brandin AV, Cai XZ, Caines H, Sánchez MCDLB, Cebra D, Ceska J, Chakaberia I, Chan BK, Chang Z, Chatterjee A, Chen D, Chen J, Chen JH, Chen Z, Cheng J, Cheng Y, Choudhury S, Christie W, Chu X, Crawford HJ, Dale-Gau G, Das A, Daugherity M, Dedovich TG, Deppner IM, Derevschikov AA, Dhamija A, Di Carlo L, Dixit P, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Duckworth E, Dunlop JC, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esumi S, Evdokimov O, Ewigleben A, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Feng CJ, Feng Y, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Flor FA, Fu C, Gao T, Geurts F, Ghimire N, Gibson A, Gopal K, Gou X, Grosnick D, Gupta A, Hamed A, Han Y, Harasty MD, Harris JW, Harrison-Smith H, He W, He XH, He Y, Hu C, Hu Q, Hu Y, Huang H, Huang HZ, Huang SL, Huang T, Huang X, Huang Y, Huang Y, Humanic TJ, Isenhower D, Isshiki M, Jacobs WW, Jalotra A, Jena C, Ji Y, Jia J, Jin C, Ju X, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kabir ML, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kapukchyan D, Kauder K, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kelsey M, Kimelman B, Kiselev A, Knospe AG, Ko HS, Kochenda L, Korobitsin AA, Kravtsov P, Kumar L, Kumar S, Elayavalli RK, Lacey R, Landgraf JM, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Leung YH, Lewis N, Li C, Li W, Li X, Li Y, Li Y, Li Z, Liang X, Liang Y, Lin T, Liu C, Liu F, Liu G, Liu H, Liu H, Liu L, Liu T, Liu X, Liu Y, Liu Z, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Lomicky O, Longacre RS, Loyd EM, Lu T, Lukow NS, Luo XF, Luong VB, Ma L, Ma R, Ma YG, Magdy N, Mallick D, Margetis S, Matis HS, Mazer JA, McNamara G, Mi K, Minaev NG, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Mooney I, Morozov DA, Mudrokh A, Nagy MI, Nain AS, Nam JD, Nasim M, Neff D, Nelson JM, Nemes DB, Nie M, Nigmatkulov G, Niida T, Nishitani R, Nogach LV, Nonaka T, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh S, Okorokov VA, Okubo K, Page BS, Pak R, Pan J, Pandav A, Pandey AK, Panebratsev Y, Pani T, Parfenov P, Paul A, Perkins C, Pokhrel BR, Posik M, Protzman T, Pruthi NK, Putschke J, Qin Z, Qiu H, Quintero A, Racz C, Radhakrishnan SK, Raha N, Ray RL, Ritter HG, Robertson CW, Rogachevsky OV, Aguilar MAR, Roy D, Ruan L, Sahoo AK, Sahoo NR, Sako H, Salur S, Samigullin E, Sato S, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Seger J, Seto R, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao T, Sharma M, Sharma N, Sharma R, Sharma SR, Sheikh AI, Shen D, Shen DY, Shen K, Shi SS, Shi Y, Shou QY, Si F, Singh J, Singha S, Sinha P, Skoby MJ, Söhngen Y, Song Y, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stewart DJ, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Su Y, Sun C, Sun X, Sun Y, Sun Y, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Sweger ZW, Tamis A, Tang AH, Tang Z, Taranenko A, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Tlusty D, Todoroki T, Tokarev MV, Tomkiel CA, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Tsai OD, Tsang CY, Tu Z, Tyler J, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Upsal I, Van Buren G, Vasiliev AN, Verkest V, Videbæk F, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Wang F, Wang G, Wang JS, Wang J, Wang X, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Webb JC, Weidenkaff PC, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wilks G, Wissink SW, Wu J, Wu J, Wu X, Wu X, Wu Y, Xi B, Xiao ZG, Xie G, Xie W, Xu H, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu Y, Xu Y, Xu Z, Xu Z, Yan G, Yan Z, Yang C, Yang Q, Yang S, Yang Y, Ye Z, Ye Z, Yi L, Yip K, Yu Y, Zha W, Zhang C, Zhang D, Zhang J, Zhang S, Zhang W, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang ZJ, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Zhao F, Zhao J, Zhao M, Zhou C, Zhou J, Zhou S, Zhou Y, Zhu X, Zurek M, Zyzak M. Hyperon Polarization along the Beam Direction Relative to the Second and Third Harmonic Event Planes in Isobar Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:202301. [PMID: 38039468 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.202301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
The polarization of Λ and Λ[over ¯] hyperons along the beam direction has been measured relative to the second and third harmonic event planes in isobar Ru+Ru and Zr+Zr collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV. This is the first experimental evidence of the hyperon polarization by the triangular flow originating from the initial density fluctuations. The amplitudes of the sine modulation for the second and third harmonic results are comparable in magnitude, increase from central to peripheral collisions, and show a mild p_{T} dependence. The azimuthal angle dependence of the polarization follows the vorticity pattern expected due to elliptic and triangular anisotropic flow, and qualitatively disagrees with most hydrodynamic model calculations based on thermal vorticity and shear induced contributions. The model results based on one of existing implementations of the shear contribution lead to a correct azimuthal angle dependence, but predict centrality and p_{T} dependence that still disagree with experimental measurements. Thus, our results provide stringent constraints on the thermal vorticity and shear-induced contributions to hyperon polarization. Comparison to previous measurements at RHIC and the LHC for the second-order harmonic results shows little dependence on the collision system size and collision energy.
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Acharya S, Adamová D, Adler A, Aglieri Rinella G, Agnello M, Agrawal N, Ahammed Z, Ahmad S, Ahn SU, Ahuja I, Akindinov A, Al-Turany M, Aleksandrov D, Alessandro B, Alfanda HM, Alfaro Molina R, Ali B, Ali Y, Alici A, Alizadehvandchali N, Alkin A, Alme J, Alocco G, Alt T, Altsybeev I, Anaam MN, Andrei C, Andronic A, Anguelov V, Antinori F, Antonioli P, Anuj C, Apadula N, Aphecetche L, Appelshäuser H, Arata C, Arcelli S, Aresti M, Arnaldi R, Arsene IC, Arslandok M, Augustinus A, Averbeck R, Azmi MD, Badalà A, Baek YW, Bai X, Bailhache R, Bailung Y, Bala R, Balbino A, Baldisseri A, Balis B, Banerjee D, Banoo Z, Barbera R, Barile F, Barioglio L, Barlou M, Barnaföldi GG, Barnby LS, Barret V, Barreto L, Bartels C, Barth K, Bartsch E, Baruffaldi F, Bastid N, Basu S, Batigne G, Battistini D, Batyunya B, Bauri D, Bazo Alba JL, Bearden IG, Beattie C, Becht P, Behera D, Belikov I, Bell Hechavarria ADC, Bellini F, Bellwied R, Belokurova S, Belyaev V, Bencedi G, Beole S, Bercuci A, Berdnikov Y, Berdnikova A, Bergmann L, Besoiu MG, Betev L, Bhaduri PP, Bhasin A, Bhat MA, Bhattacharjee B, Bianchi L, Bianchi N, Bielčík J, Bielčíková J, Biernat J, Bigot AP, Bilandzic A, Biro G, Biswas S, Bize N, Blair JT, Blau D, Blidaru MB, Bluhme N, Blume C, Boca G, Bock F, Bodova T, Bogdanov A, Boi S, Bok J, Boldizsár L, Bolozdynya A, Bombara M, Bond PM, Bonomi G, Borel H, Borissov A, Bossi H, Botta E, Bouziani YEM, Bratrud L, Braun-Munzinger P, Bregant M, Broz M, Bruno GE, Buckland MD, Budnikov D, Buesching H, Bufalino S, Bugnon O, Buhler P, Buthelezi Z, Butt JB, Bysiak SA, Cai M, Caines H, Caliva A, Calvo Villar E, Camacho JMM, Camerini P, Canedo FDM, Carabas M, Carnesecchi F, Caron R, Castillo Castellanos J, Catalano F, Ceballos Sanchez C, Chakaberia I, Chakraborty P, Chandra S, Chapeland S, Chartier M, Chattopadhyay S, Chattopadhyay S, Chavez TG, Cheng T, Cheshkov C, Cheynis B, Chibante Barroso V, Chinellato DD, Chizzali ES, Cho J, Cho S, Chochula P, Christakoglou P, Christensen CH, 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Vislavicius V, Vodopyanov A, Volkel B, Völkl MA, Voloshin K, Voloshin SA, Volpe G, von Haller B, Vorobyev I, Vozniuk N, Vrláková J, Wagner B, Wang C, Wang D, Wegrzynek A, Weiglhofer FT, Wenzel SC, Wessels JP, Weyhmiller SL, Wiechula J, Wikne J, Wilk G, Wilkinson J, Willems GA, Windelband B, Winn M, Wright JR, Wu W, Wu Y, Xu R, Yadav A, Yadav AK, Yalcin S, Yamaguchi Y, Yamakawa K, Yang S, Yano S, Yin Z, Yoo IK, Yoon JH, Yuan S, Yuncu A, Zaccolo V, Zampolli C, Zanoli HJC, Zanone F, Zardoshti N, Zarochentsev A, Závada P, Zaviyalov N, Zhalov M, Zhang B, Zhang S, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Zhao M, Zherebchevskii V, Zhi Y, Zhigareva N, Zhou D, Zhou Y, Zhu J, Zhu Y, Zinovjev G, Zurlo N. Measurements of Groomed-Jet Substructure of Charm Jets Tagged by D^{0} Mesons in Proton-Proton Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:192301. [PMID: 38000395 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.192301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the role of parton mass and Casimir color factors in the quantum chromodynamics parton shower represents an important step in characterizing the emission properties of heavy quarks. Recent experimental advances in jet substructure techniques have provided the opportunity to isolate and characterize gluon emissions from heavy quarks. In this Letter, the first direct experimental constraint on the charm-quark splitting function is presented, obtained via the measurement of the groomed shared momentum fraction of the first splitting in charm jets, tagged by a reconstructed D^{0} meson. The measurement is made in proton-proton collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV, in the low jet transverse-momentum interval of 15≤p_{T}^{jet ch}<30 GeV/c where the emission properties are sensitive to parton mass effects. In addition, the opening angle of the first perturbative emission of the charm quark, as well as the number of perturbative emissions it undergoes, is reported. Comparisons to measurements of an inclusive-jet sample show a steeper splitting function for charm quarks compared with gluons and light quarks. Charm quarks also undergo fewer perturbative emissions in the parton shower, with a reduced probability of large-angle emissions.
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Steinberg P, Steinhebel AL, Stelzer B, Stelzer HJ, Stelzer-Chilton O, Stenzel H, Stevenson TJ, Stewart GA, Stockton MC, Stoicea G, Stolarski M, Stonjek S, Straessner A, Strandberg J, Strandberg S, Strauss M, Strebler T, Strizenec P, Ströhmer R, Strom DM, Strom LR, Stroynowski R, Strubig A, Stucci SA, Stugu B, Stupak J, Styles NA, Su D, Su S, Su W, Su X, Sugizaki K, Sulin VV, Sullivan MJ, Sultan DMS, Sultanaliyeva L, Sultansoy S, Sumida T, Sun S, Sun S, Sunneborn Gudnadottir O, Sutton MR, Svatos M, Swiatlowski M, Swirski T, Sykora I, Sykora M, Sykora T, Ta D, Tackmann K, Taffard A, Tafirout R, Tafoya Vargas JS, Taibah RHM, Takashima R, Takeda K, Takeva EP, Takubo Y, Talby M, Talyshev AA, Tam KC, Tamir NM, Tanaka A, Tanaka J, Tanaka R, Tanasini M, Tang J, Tao Z, Tapia Araya S, Tapprogge S, Tarek Abouelfadl Mohamed A, Tarem S, Tariq K, Tarna G, Tartarelli GF, Tas P, Tasevsky M, Tassi E, Tate AC, Tateno G, Tayalati Y, Taylor GN, Taylor W, Teagle H, Tee AS, Teixeira De Lima R, Teixeira-Dias P, Teoh JJ, Terashi K, Terron J, Terzo S, Testa M, Teuscher RJ, Thaler A, Themistokleous N, Theveneaux-Pelzer T, Thielmann O, Thomas DW, Thomas JP, Thompson EA, Thompson PD, Thomson E, Thorpe EJ, Tian Y, Tikhomirov V, Tikhonov YA, Timoshenko S, Ting EXL, Tipton P, Tisserant S, Tlou SH, Tnourji A, Todome K, Todorova-Nova S, Todt S, Togawa M, Tojo J, Tokár S, Tokushuku K, Tombs R, Tomoto M, Tompkins L, Tornambe P, Torrence E, Torres H, Torró Pastor E, Toscani M, Tosciri C, Tovey DR, Traeet A, Trandafir IS, Trefzger T, Tricoli A, Trigger IM, Trincaz-Duvoid S, Trischuk DA, Trocmé B, Trofymov A, Troncon C, Truong L, Trzebinski M, Trzupek A, Tsai F, Tsai M, Tsiamis A, Tsiareshka PV, Tsigaridas S, Tsirigotis A, Tsiskaridze V, Tskhadadze EG, Tsopoulou M, Tsujikawa Y, Tsukerman II, Tsulaia V, Tsuno S, Tsur O, Tsybychev D, Tu Y, Tudorache A, Tudorache V, Tuna AN, Turchikhin S, Turk Cakir I, Turra R, Turtuvshin T, Tuts PM, Tzamarias S, Tzanis P, Tzovara E, Uchida K, Ukegawa F, Ulloa Poblete PA, 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Zhang Z, Zhao H, Zhao P, Zhao T, Zhao Y, Zhao Z, Zhemchugov A, Zheng Z, Zhong D, Zhou B, Zhou C, Zhou H, Zhou N, Zhou Y, Zhu CG, Zhu C, Zhu HL, Zhu H, Zhu J, Zhu Y, Zhuang X, Zhukov K, Zhulanov V, Zimine NI, Zinsser J, Ziolkowski M, Živković L, Zoccoli A, Zoch K, Zorbas TG, Zormpa O, Zou W, Zwalinski L. Observation of Single-Top-Quark Production in Association with a Photon Using the ATLAS Detector. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:181901. [PMID: 37977601 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.181901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
This Letter reports the observation of single top quarks produced together with a photon, which directly probes the electroweak coupling of the top quark. The analysis uses 139 fb^{-1} of 13 TeV proton-proton collision data collected with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Requiring a photon with transverse momentum larger than 20 GeV and within the detector acceptance, the fiducial cross section is measured to be 688±23(stat) _{-71}^{+75}(syst) fb, to be compared with the standard model prediction of 515_{-42}^{+36} fb at next-to-leading order in QCD.
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Agarwal V, Yue Y, Zhang X, Feng X, Tao Y, Wang J. Spatial and temporal distribution of endotoxins, antibiotic resistance genes and mobile genetic elements in the air of a dairy farm in Germany. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 336:122404. [PMID: 37625772 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a serious issue that is continuously growing and spreading, leading to a dwindling number of effective treatments for infections that were easily treatable with antibiotics in the past. Animal farms are a major hotspot for AMR, where antimicrobials are often overused, misused, and abused, in addition to overcrowding of animals. In this study, we investigated the risk of AMR transmission from a farm to nearby residential areas by examining the overall occurrence of endotoxins, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in the air of a cattle farm. We assessed various factors, including the season and year, day and nighttime, and different locations within the farm building and its vicinity. The most abundant ARGs detected were tetW, aadA1, and sul2, genes that encode for resistances towards antibiotics commonly used in veterinary medicine. While there was a clear concentration gradient for endotoxin from the middle of the farm building to the outside areas, the abundance of ARGs and MGEs was relatively uniform among all locations within the farm and its vicinity. This suggests that endotoxins preferentially accumulated in the coarse particle fraction, which deposited quickly, as opposed to the ARGs and MGEs, which might concentrate in the fine particle fraction and remain longer in the aerosol phase. The occurrence of the same genes found in the air samples and in the manure indicated that ARGs and MGEs in the air mostly originated from the cows, continuously being released from the manure to the air. Although our atmospheric dispersion model indicated a relatively low risk for nearby residential areas, farm workers might be at greater risk of getting infected with resistant bacteria and experiencing overall respiratory tract issues due to continuous exposure to elevated concentrations of endotoxins, ARGs and MGEs in the air of the farm.
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C, Navarro G, Navarro-Gonzalez J, Nayak R, Nechaeva PY, Nechansky F, Neep TJ, Negri A, Negrini M, Nellist C, Nelson C, Nelson K, Nemecek S, Nessi M, Neubauer MS, Neuhaus F, Neundorf J, Newhouse R, Newman PR, Ng CW, Ng YS, Ng YWY, Ngair B, Nguyen HDN, Nickerson RB, Nicolaidou R, Nielsen J, Niemeyer M, Nikiforou N, Nikolaenko V, Nikolic-Audit I, Nikolopoulos K, Nilsson P, Nindhito HR, Nisati A, Nishu N, Nisius R, Nitschke JE, Nkadimeng EK, Rosende SJN, Nobe T, Noel DL, Noguchi Y, Nommensen T, Nomura MA, Norfolk MB, Norisam RRB, Norman BJ, Novak J, Novak T, Novgorodova O, Novotny L, Novotny R, Nozka L, Ntekas K, Nurse E, Oakham FG, Ocariz J, Ochi A, Ochoa I, Oerdek S, Ogrodnik A, Oh A, Ohm CC, Oide H, Oishi R, Ojeda ML, Okazaki Y, O’Keefe MW, Okumura Y, Olariu A, Seabra LFO, Pino SAO, Damazio DO, Goncalves DO, Oliver JL, Olsson MJR, Olszewski A, Olszowska J, Öncel ÖO, O’Neil DC, O’Neill AP, Onofre A, Onyisi PUE, Oreglia MJ, Orellana GE, Orestano D, Orlando N, Orr RS, O’Shea V, Ospanov R, 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Petukhova K, Peyaud A, Pezoa R, Pezzotti L, Pezzullo G, Pham T, Phillips PW, Phipps MW, Piacquadio G, Pianori E, Piazza F, Piegaia R, Pietreanu D, Pilkington AD, Pinamonti M, Pinfold JL, Pereira BCP, Donaldson CP, Pizzi DA, Pizzimento L, Pizzini A, Pleier MA, Plesanovs V, Pleskot V, Plotnikova E, Poddar G, Poettgen R, Poggi R, Poggioli L, Pogrebnyak I, Pohl D, Pokharel I, Polacek S, Polesello G, Poley A, Polifka R, Polini A, Pollard CS, Pollock ZB, Polychronakos V, Ponomarenko D, Pontecorvo L, Popa S, Popeneciu GA, Quintero DMP, Pospisil S, Postolache P, Potamianos K, Potrap IN, Potter CJ, Potti H, Poulsen T, Poveda J, Pownall G, Astigarraga MEP, Ibanez AP, Prapa MM, Price D, Primavera M, Martin MAP, Proffitt ML, Proklova N, Prokofiev K, Proto G, Protopopescu S, Proudfoot J, Przybycien M, Puddefoot JE, Pudzha D, Puzo P, Pyatiizbyantseva D, Qian J, Qin Y, Qiu T, Quadt A, Queitsch-Maitland M, Rabanal Bolanos G, Rafanoharana D, Ragusa F, Rainbolt JL, Raine JA, Rajagopalan S, Ramakoti E, Ran K, Raskina V, Rassloff DF, Rave S, Ravina B, Ravinovich I, Raymond M, Read AL, Readioff NP, Rebuzzi DM, Redlinger G, Reeves K, Reidelsturz JA, Reikher D, Reiss A, Rej A, Rembser C, Renardi A, Renda M, Rendel MB, Rennie AG, Resconi S, Ressegotti M, Resseguie ED, Rettie S, Reynolds B, Reynolds E, Estabragh MR, Rezanova OL, Reznicek P, Ricci E, Richter R, Richter S, Richter-Was E, Ridel M, Rieck P, Riedler P, Rijssenbeek M, Rimoldi A, Rimoldi M, Rinaldi L, Rinn TT, Rinnagel MP, Ripellino G, Riu I, Rivadeneira P, Vergara JCR, Rizatdinova F, Rizvi E, Rizzi C, Roberts BA, Roberts BR, Robertson SH, Robin M, Robinson D, Robles Gajardo CM, Manzano MR, Robson A, Rocchi A, Roda C, Rodriguez Bosca S, Garcia YR, Rodriguez AR, Rodríguez Vera AM, Roe S, Roemer JT, Roepe-Gier AR, Roggel J, Røhne O, Rojas RA, Roland B, Roland CPA, Roloff J, Romaniouk A, Romano E, Romano M, Hernandez ACR, Rompotis N, Roos L, Rosati S, Rosser BJ, Rossi E, Rossi E, Rossi LP, Rossini L, Rosten R, Rotaru M, Rottler B, Rousseau D, Rousso D, Rovelli G, Roy A, Rozanov A, Rozen Y, Ruan X, Jimenez AR, Ruby AJ, Ruggeri TA, Rühr F, Ruiz-Martinez A, Rummler A, Rurikova Z, Rusakovich NA, Russell HL, Rutherfoord JP, Rüttinger EM, Rybacki K, Rybar M, Rye EB, Ryzhov A, Iglesias JAS, Sabatini P, Sabetta L, Sadrozinski HFW, Tehrani FS, Samani BS, Safdari M, Saha S, Sahinsoy M, Saimpert M, Saito M, Saito T, Salamani D, Salamanna G, Salnikov A, Salt J, Salas AS, Salvatore D, Salvatore F, Salzburger A, Sammel D, Sampsonidis D, Sampsonidou D, Sánchez J, Pineda AS, Sebastian VS, Sandaker H, Sander CO, Sandesara JA, Sandhoff M, Sandoval C, Sankey DPC, Sansoni A, Santi L, Santoni C, Santos H, Santpur SN, Santra A, Saoucha KA, Saraiva JG, Sardain J, Sasaki O, Sato K, Sauer C, Sauerburger F, Sauvan E, Savard P, Sawada R, Sawyer C, Sawyer L, Galvan IS, Sbarra C, Sbrizzi A, Scanlon T, Schaarschmidt J, Schacht P, Schaefer D, Schäfer U, Schaffer AC, Schaile D, Schamberger RD, Schanet E, Scharf C, Schegelsky VA, Scheirich D, Schenck F, Schernau M, Scheulen C, Schiavi C, Schillaci ZM, Schioppa EJ, Schioppa M, Schlag B, Schleicher KE, Schlenker S, Schmieden K, Schmitt C, Schmitt S, Schoeffel L, Schoening A, Scholer PG, Schopf E, Schott M, Schovancova J, Schramm S, Schroeder F, Schultz-Coulon HC, Schumacher M, Schumm BA, Schune P, Schwartzman A, Schwarz TA, Schwemling P, Schwienhorst R, Sciandra A, Sciolla G, Scuri F, Scutti F, Sebastiani CD, Sedlaczek K, Seema P, Seidel SC, Seiden A, Seidlitz BD, Seiss T, Seitz C, Seixas JM, Sekhniaidze G, Sekula SJ, Selem L, Semprini-Cesari N, Sen S, Sengupta D, Senthilkumar V, Serin L, Serkin L, Sessa M, Severini H, Sevova S, Sforza F, Sfyrla A, Shabalina E, Shaheen R, Shahinian JD, Shaikh NW, Renous DS, Shan LY, Shapiro M, Sharma A, Sharma AS, Sharma P, Sharma S, Shatalov PB, Shaw K, Shaw SM, Shen Q, Sherwood P, Shi L, Shimmin CO, Shimogama Y, Shinner JD, Shipsey IPJ, Shirabe S, Shiyakova M, Shlomi J, Shochet MJ, Shojaii J, Shope DR, Shrestha S, Shrif EM, Shroff MJ, Sicho P, Sickles AM, Haddad ES, Sidiropoulou O, Sidoti A, Siegert F, Sijacki D, Sikora R, Sili F, Silva JM, Oliveira MVS, Silverstein SB, Simion S, Simoniello R, Simpson EL, Simpson ND, Simsek S, Sindhu S, Sinervo P, Sinetckii V, Singh S, Singh S, Sinha S, Sinha S, Sioli M, Siral I, Sivoklokov SY, Sjölin J, Skaf A, Skorda E, Skubic P, Slawinska M, Smakhtin V, Smart BH, Smiesko J, Smirnov SY, Smirnov Y, Smirnova LN, Smirnova O, Smith AC, Smith EA, Smith HA, Smith JL, Smith R, Smizanska M, Smolek K, Smykiewicz A, Snesarev AA, Snoek HL, Snyder S, Sobie R, Soffer A, Sanchez CAS, Soldatov EY, Soldevila U, Solodkov AA, Solomon S, Soloshenko A, Solovieva K, Solovyanov OV, Solovyev V, Sommer P, Sonay A, Song WY, Sopczak A, Sopio AL, Sopkova F, Sothilingam V, Sottocornola S, Soualah R, Soumaimi Z, South D, Spagnolo S, Spalla M, Spanò F, Sperlich D, Spigo G, Spina M, Spinali S, Spiteri DP, Spousta M, Staats EJ, Stabile A, Stamen R, Stamenkovic M, Stampekis A, Standke M, Stanecka E, Stanislaus B, Stanitzki MM, Stankaityte M, Stapf B, Starchenko EA, Stark GH, Stark J, Starko DM, Staroba P, Starovoitov P, Stärz S, Staszewski R, Stavropoulos G, Steentoft J, Steinberg P, Steinhebel AL, Stelzer B, Stelzer HJ, Stelzer-Chilton O, Stenzel H, Stevenson TJ, Stewart GA, Stockton MC, Stoicea G, Stolarski M, Stonjek S, Straessner A, Strandberg J, Strandberg S, Strauss M, Strebler T, Strizenec P, Ströhmer R, Strom DM, Strom LR, Stroynowski R, Strubig A, Stucci SA, Stugu B, Stupak J, Styles NA, Su D, Su S, Su W, Su X, Sugizaki K, Sulin VV, Sullivan MJ, Sultan DMS, Sultanaliyeva L, Sultansoy S, Sumida T, Sun S, Sun S, Gudnadottir OS, Sutton MR, Svatos M, Swiatlowski M, Swirski T, Sykora I, Sykora M, Sykora T, Ta D, Tackmann K, Taffard A, Tafirout R, Vargas JST, Taibah RHM, Takashima R, Takeda K, Takeva EP, Takubo Y, Talby M, Talyshev AA, Tam KC, Tamir NM, Tanaka A, Tanaka J, Tanaka R, Tanasini M, Tang J, Tao Z, Araya ST, Tapprogge S, Tarek Abouelfadl Mohamed A, Tarem S, Tariq K, Tarna G, Tartarelli GF, Tas P, Tasevsky M, Tassi E, Tate AC, Tateno G, Tayalati Y, Taylor GN, Taylor W, Teagle H, Tee AS, De Lima RT, Teixeira-Dias P, Teoh JJ, Terashi K, Terron J, Terzo S, Testa M, Teuscher RJ, Thaler A, Themistokleous N, Theveneaux-Pelzer T, Thielmann O, Thomas DW, Thomas JP, Thompson EA, Thompson PD, Thomson E, Thorpe EJ, Tian Y, Tikhomirov V, Tikhonov YA, Timoshenko S, Ting EXL, Tipton P, Tisserant S, Tlou SH, Tnourji A, Todome K, Todorova-Nova S, Todt S, Togawa M, Tojo J, Tokár S, Tokushuku K, Tombs R, Tomoto M, Tompkins L, Tornambe P, Torrence E, Torres H, Pastor ET, Toscani M, Tosciri C, Tovey DR, Traeet A, Trandafir IS, Trefzger T, Tricoli A, Trigger IM, Trincaz-Duvoid S, Trischuk DA, Trocmé B, Trofymov A, Troncon C, Truong L, Trzebinski M, Trzupek A, Tsai F, Tsai M, Tsiamis A, Tsiareshka PV, Tsigaridas S, Tsirigotis A, Tsiskaridze V, Tskhadadze EG, Tsopoulou M, Tsujikawa Y, Tsukerman II, Tsulaia V, Tsuno S, Tsur O, Tsybychev D, Tu Y, Tudorache A, Tudorache V, Tuna AN, Turchikhin S, Cakir IT, Turra R, Turtuvshin T, Tuts PM, Tzamarias S, Tzanis P, Tzovara E, Uchida K, Ukegawa F, Poblete PAU, Unal G, Unal M, Undrus A, Unel G, Uno K, Urban J, Urquijo P, Usai G, Ushioda R, Usman M, Uysal Z, Vacek V, Vachon B, Vadla KOH, Vafeiadis T, Valderanis C, Santurio EV, Valente M, Valentinetti S, Valero A, Vallier A, Ferrer JAV, Van Daalen TR, Van Gemmeren P, Van Stroud S, Van Vulpen I, Vanadia M, Vandelli W, Vandenbroucke M, Vandewall ER, Vannicola D, Vannoli L, Vari R, Varnes EW, Varni C, Varol T, Varouchas D, Varriale L, Varvell KE, Vasile ME, Vaslin L, Vasquez GA, Vazeille F, Schroeder TV, Veatch J, Vecchio V, Veen MJ, Veliscek I, Veloce LM, Veloso F, Veneziano S, Ventura A, Verbytskyi A, Verducci M, Vergis C, De Araujo MV, Verkerke W, Vermeulen JC, Vernieri C, Verschuuren PJ, Vessella M, Vesterbacka ML, Vetterli MC, Vgenopoulos A, Maira NV, Vickey T, Vickey Boeriu OE, Viehhauser GHA, Vigani L, Villa M, Villaplana Perez M, Villhauer EM, Vilucchi E, Vincter MG, Virdee GS, Vishwakarma A, Vittori C, Vivarelli I, Vladimirov V, Voevodina E, Vogel F, Vokac P, Von Ahnen J, Von Toerne E, Vormwald B, Vorobel V, Vorobev K, Vos M, Vossebeld JH, Vozak M, Vozdecky L, Vranjes N, Vranjes Milosavljevic M, Vreeswijk M, Vuillermet R, Vujinovic O, Vukotic I, Wada S, Wagner C, Wagner W, Wahdan S, Wahlberg H, Wakasa R, Wakida M, Walbrecht VM, Walder J, Walker R, Walkowiak W, Wang AM, Wang AZ, Wang C, Wang C, Wang H, Wang J, Wang P, Wang RJ, Wang R, Wang R, Wang SM, Wang S, Wang T, Wang WT, Wang WX, Wang X, Wang X, Wang X, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Wang Z, Warburton A, Ward RJ, Warrack N, Watson AT, Watson MF, Watts G, Waugh BM, Webb AF, Weber C, Weber MS, Weber SA, Weber SM, Wei C, Wei Y, Weidberg AR, Weingarten J, Weirich M, Weiser C, Wells CJ, Wenaus T, Wendland B, Wengler T, Wenke NS, Wermes N, Wessels M, Whalen K, Wharton AM, White AS, White A, White MJ, Whiteson D, Wickremasinghe L, Wiedenmann W, Wiel C, Wielers M, Wieseotte N, Wiglesworth C, Wiik-Fuchs LAM, Wilbern DJ, Wilkens HG, Williams DM, Williams HH, Williams S, Willocq S, Windischhofer PJ, Winklmeier F, Winter BT, Wittgen M, Wobisch M, Wolf A, Wölker R, Wollrath J, Wolter MW, Wolters H, Wong VWS, Wongel AF, Worm SD, Wosiek BK, Woźniak KW, Wraight K, Wu J, Wu M, Wu SL, Wu X, Wu Y, Wu Z, Wuerzinger J, Wyatt TR, Wynne BM, Xella S, Xia L, Xia M, Xiang J, Xiao X, Xie M, Xie X, Xiong J, Xiotidis I, Xu D, Xu H, Xu L, Xu R, Xu T, Xu W, Xu Y, Xu Z, Xu Z, Yabsley B, Yacoob S, Yamaguchi N, Yamaguchi Y, Yamauchi H, Yamazaki T, Yamazaki Y, Yan J, Yan S, Yan Z, Yang HJ, Yang HT, Yang S, Yang T, Yang X, Yang X, Yang Y, Yang Z, Yao WM, Yap YC, Ye H, Ye J, Ye S, Ye X, Yeh Y, Yeletskikh I, Yexley MR, Yin P, Yorita K, Young CJS, Young C, Yuan M, Yuan R, Yue L, Yue X, Zaazoua M, Zabinski B, Zaid E, Zakareishvili T, Zakharchuk N, Zambito S, Zang J, Zanzi D, Zaplatilek O, Zeißner SV, Zeitnitz C, Zeng JC, Zenger DT, Zenin O, Ženiš T, Zenz S, Zerradi S, Zerwas D, Zhang B, Zhang DF, Zhang G, Zhang J, Zhang K, Zhang L, Zhang R, Zhang S, Zhang T, Zhang X, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Zhao H, Zhao P, Zhao T, Zhao Y, Zhao Z, Zhemchugov A, Zheng Z, Zhong D, Zhou B, Zhou C, Zhou H, Zhou N, Zhou Y, Zhu CG, Zhu C, Zhu HL, Zhu H, Zhu J, Zhu Y, Zhu Y, Zhuang X, Zhukov K, Zhulanov V, Zimine NI, Zinsser J, Ziolkowski M, Živković L, Zoccoli A, Zoch K, Zorbas TG, Zormpa O, Zou W, Zwalinski L. Author Correction: A detailed map of Higgs boson interactions by the ATLAS experiment ten years after the discovery. Nature 2023; 623:E5. [PMID: 37853131 PMCID: PMC10620074 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06248-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
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Siddiqui KM, Durham DB, Cropp F, Ji F, Paiagua S, Ophus C, Andresen NC, Jin L, Wu J, Wang S, Zhang X, You W, Murnane M, Centurion M, Wang X, Slaughter DS, Kaindl RA, Musumeci P, Minor AM, Filippetto D. Relativistic ultrafast electron diffraction at high repetition rates. STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS (MELVILLE, N.Y.) 2023; 10:064302. [PMID: 38058995 PMCID: PMC10697722 DOI: 10.1063/4.0000203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The ability to resolve the dynamics of matter on its native temporal and spatial scales constitutes a key challenge and convergent theme across chemistry, biology, and materials science. The last couple of decades have witnessed ultrafast electron diffraction (UED) emerge as one of the forefront techniques with the sensitivity to resolve atomic motions. Increasingly sophisticated UED instruments are being developed that are aimed at increasing the beam brightness in order to observe structural signatures, but so far they have been limited to low average current beams. Here, we present the technical design and capabilities of the HiRES (High Repetition-rate Electron Scattering) instrument, which blends relativistic electrons and high repetition rates to achieve orders of magnitude improvement in average beam current compared to the existing state-of-the-art instruments. The setup utilizes a novel electron source to deliver femtosecond duration electron pulses at up to MHz repetition rates for UED experiments. Instrument response function of sub-500 fs is demonstrated with < 100 fs time resolution targeted in future. We provide example cases of diffraction measurements on solid-state and gas-phase samples, including both micro- and nanodiffraction (featuring 100 nm beam size) modes, which showcase the potential of the instrument for novel UED experiments.
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Liu M, Chang N, Zhang S, Du Y, Zhang X, Ren W, Sun J, Bai J, Wang L, Zhang G. Identification of vulnerable carotid plaque with CT-based radiomics nomogram. Clin Radiol 2023; 78:e856-e863. [PMID: 37633746 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2023.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM To develop and validate a radiomics nomogram for identifying high-risk carotid plaques on computed tomography (CT) angiography (CTA). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 280 patients with symptomatic (n=131) and asymptomatic (n=139) carotid plaques were divided into a training set (n=135), validation set (n=58), and external test set (n=87). Radiomic features were extracted from CTA images. A radiomics model was constructed based on selected features and a radiomics score (rad-score) was calculated. A clinical factor model was constructed by demographics and CT findings. A radiomics nomogram combining independent clinical factors and the rad-score was constructed. The diagnostic performance of three models was evaluated and validated by region of characteristic curves. RESULTS Calcification and maximum plaque thickness were the independent clinical factors. Twenty-four features were used to build the radiomics signature. In the validation set, the nomogram (area under the curve [AUC], 0.977; 95% CI, 0.899-0.999) performed better (p=0.017 and p=0.031) than the clinical factor model (AUC, 0.862; 95% CI, 0.746-0.938) and radiomics signature (AUC, 0.944; 95% CI, 0.850-0.987). In external test set, the nomogram (AUC, 0.952; 95% CI, 0.884-0.987) and radiomics signature (AUC, 0.932; 95% CI, 0.857-0.975) showed better discrimination capability (p=0.002 and p=0.037) than clinical factor model (AUC, 0.818; 95% CI, 0.721-0.892). CONCLUSION The CT-based nomogram showed satisfactory performance in identification of high-risk plaques in carotid arteries, and it may serve as a potential non-invasive tool to identify carotid plaque vulnerability and risk stratification.
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Glosson K, Zhang X, Zanzalari K, Bascom S, Rowson A, Wang Z, Drackley J. Negative dietary cation-anion difference and amount of calcium in prepartum diets: Effects on urine and serum minerals. JDS COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 4:449-453. [PMID: 38045892 PMCID: PMC10692355 DOI: 10.3168/jdsc.2023-0391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Negative dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD) diets fed prepartum induce a compensated metabolic acidosis, which stimulates metabolic Ca flux before calving and decreases clinical and subclinical hypocalcemia after calving. Effects of low or high dietary Ca in these diets are unclear. Our objective was to determine the effects of inducing a prepartum metabolic acidosis and the amount of dietary Ca on urinary mineral excretion and serum mineral concentrations during the transition period in multiparous Holstein cows (n = 81). Treatment diets fed during the last 28 d before calving were (1) positive DCAD, +6 mEq/100 g of dry matter (DM), target urine pH >7.5, low dietary Ca (0.40% DM; CON); (2) negative DCAD, -24 mEq/100 g of DM, target urine pH 5.5 to 6.0, low dietary Ca (0.40% DM; ND); or (3) negative DCAD, -24 mEq/100 g of DM, target urine pH 5.5 to 6.0, high dietary Ca (2.0% DM; NDCA). Urine was sampled on -21, -14, -7, +1, +2, and +7 d relative to calving. Blood samples were collected on d -30, -21, -14, -7, -4, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, and 4 relative to parturition. Preplanned treatment contrasts were (1) CON versus ND and NDCA, and (2) ND versus NDCA. Cows fed ND or NDCA had increased urinary volume and excretion of Ca, Cl, and SO4-2, along with decreased excretion of K. Supplementation of Ca to the acidogenic diet increased urinary excretion of Ca at d -21, but this difference lessened as cows approached parturition. Additional Ca increased prepartum urinary excretion of K and Cl. Differences in excretion decreased quickly after parturition, although urinary excretion of Cl remained greater for cows previously fed negative DCAD diets. Acidogenic diets increased serum K and Cl concentrations prepartum. Supplemental Ca decreased serum P relative to ND. During d 0 to 4, serum P and K were greater for cows fed ND or NDCA than for cows fed CON; these differences disappeared by d 4. Acidogenic diets increased serum Ca by increasing Ca flux and excretion in urine. Supplemental Ca in the acidogenic diet modestly increased Ca excretion early in the close-up period.
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Lu D, Li F, Zhao C, Ye Y, Zhang X, Yang P, Zhang X. A Remineralizing and Antibacterial Coating for Arresting Caries. J Dent Res 2023; 102:1315-1325. [PMID: 37697863 DOI: 10.1177/00220345231189992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental caries is a dynamic disease induced by the unbalance between demineralization of dental hard tissues caused by biofilm and remineralization of them; however, although various effective remineralization methods have been well documented, it is a challenge to reestablish the balance by enhancing remineralization alone while ignoring the antibacterial therapy. Therefore, the integration of remineralizing and antibacterial technologies offers a promising strategy to halt natural caries progression in clinical practice. Here, the conception of interrupting dental caries (IDC) was proposed based on the development of dual-functional coating with remineralizing and antibacterial properties. In this study, bovine serum albumin (BSA) loaded octenidine (OCT) successfully to form a BSA-OCT composite. Subsequently, through fast amyloid-like aggregation, the phase-transited BSA-OCT (PTB-OCT) coating can be covered on teeth, resin composite, or sealant surfaces in 30 min by a simple smearing process. The PTB-OCT coating showed satisfactory effects in promoting the remineralization of demineralized enamel and dentin in vitro. Moreover, this coating also exerted significant acid-resistance stability and anti-biofilm properties. Equally importantly, this coating exhibited promising abilities in reducing the microleakage between the tooth and resin composite in vitro and preventing primary and secondary caries in vivo. In conclusion, this novel dual-functional PTB-OCT coating could reestablish the balance between demineralization and remineralization in the process of caries, thereby potentially preventing or arresting caries.
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Xue R, Zhang X, Xu C, Xie H, Wu L, Wang Y, Tang L, Hao Y, Zhao K, Jiang S, Li Y, Yang Y, Li Z, Liang Z, Zeng N. The subfamily Xerocomoideae ( Boletaceae, Boletales) in China. Stud Mycol 2023; 106:95-197. [PMID: 38298571 PMCID: PMC10825750 DOI: 10.3114/sim.2023.106.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Xerocomoideae is an ecologically and economically important Boletaceae subfamily (Boletales) comprising 10 genera. Although many studies have focused on Xerocomoideae in China, the diversity, taxonomy and molecular phylogeny still remained incompletely understood. In the present study, taxonomic and phylogenetic studies on Chinese species of Xerocomoideae were carried out by morphological examinations and molecular phylogenetic analyses. Eight genera in Xerocomoideae, viz. Aureoboletus, Boletellus, Heimioporus, Hemileccinum, Hourangia, Phylloporus, Pulchroboletus, and Xerocomus were confirmed to be distributed in China; 97 species of the subfamily were accepted as being distributed in China; one ambiguous taxon was tentatively named Bol. aff. putuoensis; two synonyms, viz. A. marroninus and P. dimorphus were defined. Among the Chinese accepted species, 13 were newly described, viz. A. albipes, A. conicus, A. ornatipes, Bol. erythrolepis, Bol. rubidus, Bol. sinochrysenteroides, Bol. subglobosus, Bol. zenghuoxingii, H. squamipes, P. hainanensis, Pul. erubescens, X. albotomentosus, and X. fuscatus, 36 known species were redescribed, and the other 48 species were reviewed. Keys to accepted species of Aureoboletus, Boletellus, Heimioporus, Hemileccinum, Hourangia, Phylloporus, and Xerocomus in China were also provided. Taxonomic novelties: New species: Aureoboletus albipes N.K. Zeng, Xu Zhang & Zhi Q. Liang, A. conicus N.K. Zeng, Xu Zhang & Zhi Q. Liang, A. ornatipes N.K. Zeng, Xu Zhang & Zhi Q. Liang, Boletellus erythrolepis N.K. Zeng, R. Xue, S. Jiang & Zhi Q. Liang, Bol. rubidus N.K. Zeng, R. Xue, Y.J. Hao & Zhi Q. Liang, Bol. sinochrysenteroides N.K. Zeng, R. Xue & Kuan Zhao, Bol. subglobosus N.K. Zeng, R. Xue, S. Jiang & Zhi Q. Liang, Bol. zenghuoxingii N.K. Zeng, R. Xue, S. Jiang & Zhi Q. Liang, Hemileccinum squamipes N.K. Zeng, Chang Xu & Zhi Q. Liang, Phylloporus hainanensis N.K. Zeng, L.L. Wu, & Zhi Q. Liang, Pulchroboletus erubescens N.K. Zeng, Chang Xu & Zhi Q. Liang, Xerocomus albotomentosus N.K. Zeng, H.J. Xie, Chang Xu & Zhi Q. Liang, and X. fuscatus N.K. Zeng, H.J. Xie, Chang Xu & Zhi Q. Liang. Citation: Xue R, Zhang X, Xu C, Xie HJ, Wu LL, Wang Y, Tang LP, Hao YJ, Zhao K, Jiang S, Li Y, Yang YY, Li Z, Liang ZQ, Zeng NK (2023). The subfamily Xerocomoideae (Boletaceae, Boletales) in China. Studies in Mycology 106: 95-197. doi: 10.3114/sim.2022.106.03.
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Measurement of Suppression of Large-Radius Jets and Its Dependence on Substructure in Pb+Pb Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV with the ATLAS Detector. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:172301. [PMID: 37955510 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.172301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
This letter presents a measurement of the nuclear modification factor of large-radius jets in sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV Pb+Pb collisions by the ATLAS experiment. The measurement is performed using 1.72 nb^{-1} and 257 pb^{-1} of Pb+Pb and pp data, respectively. The large-radius jets are reconstructed with the anti-k_{t} algorithm using a radius parameter of R=1.0, by reclustering anti-k_{t} R=0.2 jets, and are measured over the transverse momentum (p_{T}) kinematic range of 158
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Wang K, Ni XD, Bian BJ, Zhang X, Fu HX, Li TT, Liu H, Fu W, Song J, Wang J. [Safety of the strategy of minimizing intestinal resection during surgery for pelvic radiation- induced terminal small intestinal stenosis]. ZHONGHUA WEI CHANG WAI KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL SURGERY 2023; 26:947-954. [PMID: 37849265 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20230609-00198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the efficacy of strategies for minimizing small bowel resection during surgery for pelvic radiation-induced terminal small intestinal stenosis in preventing postoperative complications such as anastomotic leakage and short bowel syndrome. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study. There are two subtypes of chronic radiation enteritis (CRE) with combined intestinal stenosis and intestinal obstruction: (1) Type I: terminal ileal lesions with a normal ileal segment of 2-20 cm between the ileal lesion and ileocecal junction; and (2) Type II: the lesion is located in the small bowel at a distance from the ileocecal region, usually accompanied by extensive damage to the bowel segments outside the lesion. The indications for minimal bowel resection are as follows: (1) diagnosis of Type I small bowel CRE; (2) absence of radiological evidence of rectosigmoid damage; and (3) absence of colonic obstruction. The contraindications are: (1) stenotic, penetrating lesions of the distal cecum; (2) emergency surgery; (3) recurrence of malignant tumor or history of radiotherapy for recurrent malignant tumor; (4) interval between radiotherapy and surgery <6 months; and (5) history of preoperative small bowel resection or abdominal chemotherapy. Case data of 40 patients with Type I CRE who met the above criteria and had undergone minimal bowel resection between April 2017 and December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed (minimal bowel resection group; including 13 patients from Jinling Hospital, 16 from the Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and 11 from the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University). Forty patients with Type I CRE who had undergone resection of intestinal stenosis lesions and the ileocecal region between October 2015 and March 2017 were included as historical controls (conventional resection group; all from Jinling Hospital). The specific strategy for minimal bowel resection was one-stage partial ileal resection+ileo anastomosis+protective small bowel stoma. In contrast, conventional resection comprised ileocecal resection+ileocecal-ascending colon anastomosis. Postoperative complications, intraoperative and postoperative recovery, and changes in postoperative quality of life were analyzed in both groups. The severity of postoperative complications was assessed by Clavien-Dindo and the Comprehensive Complication Index (CCI). Karnofsky performance scores (KPS) were used to evaluate the quality of life of patients in the two groups preoperatively and postoperatively. The higher the KPS score, the better the quality of life. Results: Baseline patient characteristics did not differ significantly between the two groups (P>0.05). Compared with the conventional resection group, the length of small bowel resected in the minimal bowel resection group (51 [20-200] cm vs. 91 [60-200] cm, Z=5.653, P<0.001), duration of postoperative total enteral nutrition [9 (3-18) days vs. 12 (4-50) days, Z=2.172, P=0.030], and duration of postoperative hospital stay [17 (9-24) days vs 29 (13-57) days, Z=6.424, P<0.001] were shorter; all of these differences are statistically significant. The overall incidence of postoperative complications was lower in the minimal bowel resection group than in the conventional resection group [20.0% (8/40) vs. 70.0% (28/40), χ2=19.967, P<0.001], These comprised short bowel syndrome [5.0% (2/40) vs. 25.0% (10/40), χ2=6.274, P=0.012], anastomotic leakage or fistula [2.5% (1/40) vs. 22.5% (9/40), χ2=7.314, P=0.014], and pleural effusion [7.5% (3/40) vs. 25.0% (10/40), χ2=4.500, P=0.034], all of which occurred less often in the minimal bowel resection than conventional resection group. The CCI index was also lower in the minimal bowel resection group than in the conventional resection group [CCI>40: 2.5% (1/40) vs. 12.5% (5/40), Z=18.451, P<0.001]. KPS scores were higher in the minimal bowel resection group 1 and 3 months postoperatively than they had been 1 day preoperatively (79.9±4.7 vs. 75.3±4.1, 86.2±4.8 vs. 75.3±4.1, both P<0.05). In the minimal bowel resection group, seven patients were satisfied with their current quality of life and refused to undergo stoma reduction at follow-up and one deferred stoma reduction because of rectal bleeding. The remaining 32 patients underwent stoma reduction 3 to 12 months after surgery, 26 of whom underwent ileo-cecal anastomosis. The remaining six underwent resection of the stoma and anastomosis of the ileum to the ascending colon. Conclusions: The strategy of minimal small bowel resection in patients with radiation-induced bowel injuries reduces the length of resected small bowel, decreases the risk and severity of postoperative complications, and is associated with a better prognosis and quality of life than conventional resection.
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Measurement of the Sensitivity of Two-Particle Correlations in pp Collisions to the Presence of Hard Scatterings. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:162301. [PMID: 37925689 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.162301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
A key open question in the study of multiparticle production in high-energy pp collisions is the relationship between the "ridge"-i.e., the observed azimuthal correlations between particles in the underlying event that extend over all rapidities-and hard or semihard scattering processes. In particular, it is not known whether jets or their soft fragments are correlated with particles in the underlying event. To address this question, two-particle correlations are measured in pp collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV using data collected by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC, with an integrated luminosity of 15.8 pb^{-1}, in two different configurations. In the first case, charged particles associated with jets are excluded from the correlation analysis, while in the second case, correlations are measured between particles within jets and charged particles from the underlying event. Second-order flow coefficients, v_{2}, are presented as a function of event multiplicity and transverse momentum. These measurements show that excluding particles associated with jets does not affect the measured correlations. Moreover, particles associated with jets do not exhibit any significant azimuthal correlations with the underlying event, ruling out hard processes contributing to the ridge.
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