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Wei J, Liu J, Wang F, Song C, Zhang Z, Jin Y, Xue L, Zhou W, Xu X, Huang X. PP-150 To investigate the change of peripheral dendritic cell (DC) subsets in individuals infected with HIV who were treated with Ailing granule, a traditional Chinese drug. Int J Infect Dis 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1201-9712(09)60544-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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1277
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Ma Y, Wang X, Xu X, Lin G. World Health Organization Sub-Types, Initial Treatment Outcome and Prognostic Study of Unselected Adult Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukaemia in Shanghai: An Analysis of 623 Cases. J Int Med Res 2009; 37:1191-201. [PMID: 19761704 DOI: 10.1177/147323000903700426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the complete remission (CR) rate and survival of 623 newly diagnosed patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) in Shanghai, China, classified according to World Health Organization and French–American–British criteria, and compared the differences in treatment effect with those reported in developed countries and those reported in Shanghai from 1984 to 1994. Total CR rate was 66.5%, median survival was 18 months and estimated survival at 3 years was 30.8%. The 3-year relapse rate was 55.1%. These data showed that the CR rate was similar to that achieved in studies from developed countries, but long-term survival was worse. The CR rate and survival were increased markedly compared with data previously collected in Shanghai (1984-1994). Induction chemotherapeutic regimens based on idarubicin, daunorubicin or homoharringtonine all had similar CR rates and survivals. Karyotype was the most important prognostic factor. Multilineage dysplasia in de novo AML was not an independent prognostic factor. Improvement in the long-term treatment effect in China is an important challenge for the future.
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1278
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Wang JJ, Lockwood AJ, Peng Y, Xu X, Bobji MS, Inkson BJ. The formation of carbon nanostructures by in situ TEM mechanical nanoscale fatigue and fracture of carbon thin films. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2009; 20:305703. [PMID: 19584415 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/20/30/305703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A technique to quantify in real time the microstructural changes occurring during mechanical nanoscale fatigue of ultrathin surface coatings has been developed. Cyclic nanoscale loading, with amplitudes less than 100 nm, is achieved with a mechanical probe miniaturized to fit inside a transmission electron microscope (TEM). The TEM tribological probe can be used for nanofriction and nanofatigue testing, with 3D control of the loading direction and simultaneous TEM imaging of the nano-objects. It is demonstrated that fracture of 10-20 nm thick amorphous carbon films on sharp gold asperities, by a single nanoscale shear impact, results in the formation of <10 nm diameter amorphous carbon filaments. Failure of the same carbon films after cyclic nanofatigue, however, results in the formation of carbon nanostructures with a significant degree of graphitic ordering, including a carbon onion.
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1279
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Han B, Dorgu A, Pavord D, Bednarz B, Xu X. MO-EE-A2-06: Measurements and Comparison of Out-Of-Field Organ Doses From Varian Clinac IMRT Plans Using the Atom Phantom. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3182258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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1280
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Wu H, Xia X, Jiang C, Wu J, Zhang S, Zheng Z, Liu W, Zhang Y, Ren H, Wei C, Xu X. High glucose attenuates insulin-induced VEGF expression in bovine retinal microvascular endothelial cells. Eye (Lond) 2009; 24:145-51. [PMID: 19557019 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2009.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effect of high glucose on insulin-induced vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in bovine retinal microvascular endothelial cells (BRECs) and to probe into related mechanisms. METHODS BRECs were isolated as primary cultures and identified by immunostaining. Passage cells were initially exposed to normal (5 mM) or high glucose (30 mM) for 3 days, and equimolar L-glucose was supplemented for osmotic equation. BRECs were then treated with 100 nM insulin for 24 h or not, and cells were prepared for the determination of VEGF mRNA expression by real-time PCR. VEGF protein was determined by human umbilical vein endothelial cell proliferation assay, immunofluorescence, and ELISA. BRECs were treated with 5 or 30 mM glucose for 3 days and then cells cultured with 5 mM glucose were exposed to the PI3-K inhibitor wortmannin (100 nM), the P42/44 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor U0126 (50 microM), or to the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor GF109203X (2 microM) 1 h before addition of 100 nM insulin. Twenty-four hours after incubation with insulin, the cells were subjected to real-time PCR and ELISA analyses. RESULTS Insulin or high glucose alone markedly increased VEGF mRNA and protein levels in BRECs (P<0.05, two-way ANOVA). However, the combination of insulin and high glucose displayed a weaker effect in promoting VEGF expression than did insulin alone (P<0.05, t-test). Pretreatment of cells with PI3-K inhibitor significantly (P<0.05, one-way ANOVA) suppressed the insulin-induced VEGF expression; neither pretreatment with the PKC inhibitor nor with the P42/p44 MAPK inhibitor showed an effect on the expression of VEGF at the mRNA or protein level (P>0.05, one-way ANOVA). CONCLUSIONS Both insulin and high glucose can markedly increase VEGF expression in BRECs at the mRNA and protein level. We propose that insulin may upregulate VEGF expression through the PI3-K signalling pathway in BRECs, and high glucose may attenuate insulin-induced VEGF expression by impairing PI3-K signalling pathways.
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1281
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Li J, Xu X, Zhang Q, Wang X, Deng G, Fang X, Gao X, Ren H, Xu S. Association between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the Dgat2 Gene and Beef Carcass and Quality Traits in Commercial Feedlot Steers. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2009. [DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2009.70457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Mao X, Wang S, Pan Y, He B, Chen J, Jiang H, Zeng Q, Xu X. Roles of Inhibitors of Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase in Protecting Rat RINm5F Cell Line against Free Fatty Acid-induced Apoptosis. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2009; 117:274-82. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1202794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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1283
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Xu X, Gu J, Song W. TH-D-BRC-08: Monte Carlo Based KV CBCT Modeling and Dose Calculations Involving Anatomical Phantom. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3182681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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1284
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Liu Y, Shi C, Xu X, Chen W, Jette D, Papanikolaou N. SU-FF-T-422: Dependency of Proton Dose On Tissue Composition Investigated Using Monte Carlo Models of Hounsfield Number Conversion and Cadaver-Based Anatomical Data. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3181904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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1285
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Caracappa PF, Gu J, Zhang J, Xu X. TU-C-304A-02: The Impact of the New ICRP-103 Recommendations On the Assessment of Effective Doses From CT Procedures. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3182349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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1286
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Ding A, Gu J, Liu H, Caracappa P, Xu X. TU-C-304A-01: The Need and Feasibility of a Modern Software for Reporting Patient Doses From CT Scans. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3182348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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1287
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Na Y, Zhang J, Xu X, Han B, Caracappa P. WE-E-BRD-08: Next-Generation Deformable Patient Modeling for Monte Carlo Assessment of Organ Doses. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3182560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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1288
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Guo B, He W, Eom J, De S, Xu X, Shi C. SU-FF-J-107: 4D Predictive Patient-Specific Anatomical Model Based On 4D CT Data: A Feasibility Study. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3181399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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1289
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Xu X, Yuan G, Liu W, Zhang Y, Chen W. Expression of cathepsin L in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and its clinical significance. Exp Oncol 2009; 31:102-105. [PMID: 19550400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM To study the expression of cathepsin L in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), and analyze its relationship with clinicopathologic factors. METHODS The expression of cathepsin L was determined immunohistochemically in NPC, adjacent normal nasopharyngeal tissues and metastatic cervical lymph nodes. The correlation between its protein expression and clinicopathologic parameters as well as with long term follow-up data in NPC was analyzed. RESULTS The protein of cathepsin L was overexpressed in 47% primary tumor tissues, and in 89% metastatic cervical lymph node samples. Overexpression of cathepsin L was found to correlate with lymph node metastasis ( P = 0.04) and distant metastasis ( P = 0.01), and marginally with clinical stage and T classification, but not with patient age, gender and histological classification of tumor. Patients with overexpression of cathepsin L in tumor tissue had worse 5-year survival than those without such expression pattern ( P = 0.033). Multivariate survival analysis showed that cathepsin L protein expression level had a marginal significant correlation with prognosis of NPC. CONCLUSION Cathepsin L is a potential biomarker for prognosis of NPC and contributes to NPC metastasis.
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Han B, Nath R, Bateman F, Islam M, LaFrance M, Moore M, Thomadsen B, Xu X. SU-FF-T-452: The Manageable Levels of Induced Radioactivity in Medical Accelerators From High Energy Photon Beams. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3181934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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1291
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Gu J, Caracappa P, Xu X. TU-C-304A-04: Monte Carlo Based Multidetector CT Modeling and Dose Calculations for Pregnant Patients. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3182352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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1292
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Liu H, Zhang J, Caracappa PF, Xu X. TU-C-304A-03: Stylized MIRD Phantoms Should Be Replaced by Anatomically Realistic Phantoms: Discrepancies In Red Bone Marrow Doses From CT Scans. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3182350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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1293
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Erbe DV, Klaman LD, Wilson DP, Wan ZK, Kirincich SJ, Will S, Xu X, Kung L, Wang S, Tam S, Lee J, Tobin JF. Prodrug delivery of novel PTP1B inhibitors to enhance insulin signalling. Diabetes Obes Metab 2009; 11:579-88. [PMID: 19383031 DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-1326.2008.01022.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A growing percentage of the population is resistant to two key hormones - insulin and leptin - as a result of increased obesity, often leading to significant health consequences such as type 2 diabetes. Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is a key negative regulator of signalling by both of these hormones, so that inhibitors of this enzyme may provide promise for correcting endocrine abnormalities in both diabetes and obesity. As with other tyrosine phosphatases, identification of viable drug candidates targeting PTP1B has been elusive because of the nature of its active site. Beginning with novel phosphotyrosine mimetics, we have designed some of the most potent PTP1B inhibitors. However, their highly acidic structures limit intrinsic permeability and pharmacokinetics. Ester prodrugs of these inhibitors improve their drug-like properties with the goal of delivering these nanomolar inhibitors to the cytoplasm of cells within target tissues. In addition to identifying prodrugs that is able to deliver active drugs into cells to inhibit PTP1B and increase insulin signalling, these compounds were further modified to gain a variety of cleavage properties for targeting activity in vivo. One such prodrug candidate improved insulin sensitivity in ob/ob mice, with lowered fasting blood glucose levels seen in the context of lowered fasting insulin levels following 4 days of intraperitoneal dosing. The results presented in this study highlight the potential for design of orally active drug candidates targeting PTP1B, while also delineating the considerable challenges remaining.
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Eom J, De S, Xu X, Shi C, Vines D. SU-FF-T-177: Physics-Based Respiration Modeling for Radiation Treatment Using Patient-Specific PV Curves. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3181652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Gu J, Caracappa P, Xu X. SU-EE-A4-02: An Iterative Method of Modeling Multidetector CT (MDCT) Source From Measured CTDI Values: A Feasibility Study. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3181112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Mille M, Zhang J, Xu X, Rivard M. SU-GG-BRC-04: Electronic Versus HDR Ir-192 Brachytherapy: Organ Dose Comparisons for Breast Cancer Using a Monte Carlo Patient Phantom. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3182180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Caracappa PF, Gu J, Xu X. TU-E-304A-04: Methods of Assessing the Dose to the Red Bone Marrow for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3182428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Ding A, Han B, Xu X. WE-E-BRD-02: Development of a Software for Integrating the Medical Accelerator Model with Patient Phantoms Into Monte Carlo Based Dosimetry Platform. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3182554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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1299
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Mille M, Hegenbart L, Na Y, Zhang J, Xu X. SU-FF-T-428: Deformable Computational Breast Phantoms for Monte Carlo Based Calibrations of Detector Systems Used for Assessing Internal Radioactivity Burden in the Lungs. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3181910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Lu S, Yang H, Ye X, Xu X, Li Z, Ren L, Xu Y, Xu J. A novel mutant-enriched liquidchip for detection of circulating EGFR mutations in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients. J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e14526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e14526 Background: We developed a novel technology, Mutant-enriched liquidchip (MEL), which integrates the sensitive mutant enriched PCR and quantitative high throughput liquidchip (suspension array), to detect circulating EGFR mutations (Exon 19 deletion and exon 21 L858R mutation) in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: To enrich mutant EGFR, a unique restriction site is introduced into the mutation alleles so that the wild type sequence can be selectively removed by restriction digestion, and the undigested mutated DNA is amplified by PCR. The product is then hybridized to complementary probes (including 15 types of exon 19 deletion and exon 21 L858R mutation) which had been conjugated to beads coding with different fluorescent dye, followed by measuring through Luminex 200 system. Plasmid DNA mixture with different EGFR genotypes was applied to determine the sensitivity and accuracy of MEL. Afterwards, the MEL was validated in 49 patients whose EGFR genotypes of tissue specimen had been tested with direct sequencing The circulating genomic DNA was obtained from serum sample of other 201 Chinese stage IIIB or IV NSCLC patients without EGFR-TKI administration, and the EGFR mutation status was analyzed by using of MEL. Results: The results shows that MEL is capable of detecting as few as 20 copies of mutant EGFR alleles with a sensitivity limit of at least mutant/wild-type ratio of 0.1%. It also shows that MEL can not only confirm EGFR mutations status in tissue specimens already known by direct sequencing (13/49), but also detect mutations in some of those showing wild type by sequencing (16/49). Overall, 54% of patients had circulating EGFR mutation. 34% of patients had an exon 19 deletion and 29.6% had L858R. 63.1% of mutations were found in females and 67.6% in never-smokers. Conclusions: This novel MEL method allows for highly sensitive and reproducible detection of human somatic mutations in heterogeneous specimens, and could be applicable to test EGFR mutations non-invasively in advanced NSCLC patients for predicting response to targeted therapy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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