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Wang S, Fu Q, Su L, Wu Y, Zhu K, Yang DC, Yang XZ, Weng XL, Liu JY, Song J. Self-Reporting Molecular Prodrug for In Situ Quantitative Sensing of Drug Release by Ratiometric Photoacoustic Imaging. ACS Sens 2023; 8:4737-4746. [PMID: 38008917 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the pharmacokinetics of prodrugs in vivo necessitates quantitative, noninvasive, and real-time monitoring of drug release, despite its difficulty. Ratiometric photoacoustic (PA) imaging, a promising deep tissue imaging technology with a unique capacity for self-calibration, can aid in solving this problem. Here, for the first time, a methylamino-substituted Aza-BODIPY (BDP-N) and the chemotherapeutic drug camptothecin (CPT) are joined via a disulfide chain to produce the molecular theranostic prodrug (BSC) for real-time tumor mapping and quantitative visualization of intratumoral drug release using ratiometric PA imaging. Intact BSC has an extremely low toxicity, with a maximum absorption at ∼720 nm; however, endogenous glutathione (GSH), which is overexpressed in tumors, will cleave the disulfide bond and liberate CPT (with full toxicity) and BDP-N. This is accompanied by a significant redshift in absorption at ∼800 nm, resulting in the PA800/PA720 ratio. In vitro, a linear relationship is successfully established between PA800/PA720 values and CPT release rates, and subsequent experiments demonstrate that this relationship can also be applied to the quantitative detection of intratumoral CPT release in vivo. Notably, the novel ratiometric strategy eliminates nonresponsive interference and amplifies the multiples of the signal response to significantly improve the imaging contrast and detection precision. Therefore, this research offers a viable alternative for the design of molecular theranostic agents for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University) and National & Local Joint Biomedical Engineering Research Center on Photodynamic Technologies, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Qinrui Fu
- Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, P. R. China
| | - Lichao Su
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University) and National & Local Joint Biomedical Engineering Research Center on Photodynamic Technologies, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Ying Wu
- State laboratory of Chemical Source Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 10010, P. R. China
| | - Kang Zhu
- State laboratory of Chemical Source Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 10010, P. R. China
| | - De-Chao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University) and National & Local Joint Biomedical Engineering Research Center on Photodynamic Technologies, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Zhen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University) and National & Local Joint Biomedical Engineering Research Center on Photodynamic Technologies, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Lu Weng
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University) and National & Local Joint Biomedical Engineering Research Center on Photodynamic Technologies, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Yong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University) and National & Local Joint Biomedical Engineering Research Center on Photodynamic Technologies, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Jibin Song
- State laboratory of Chemical Source Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 10010, P. R. China
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Pak YA, Posada MM, Bacon J, Long A, Annes W, Witcher J, Mitchell M, Tirona RG, Hall SD, Hillgren KM. Prediction of the Renal Organic Anion Transporter 1 (OAT1)- Mediated Drug Interactions for LY404039, the Active Metabolite of Pomaglumetad Methionil. Pharm Res 2023; 40:2499-2511. [PMID: 36635486 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-022-03464-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this work was to demonstrate that clinical OAT1-mediated DDIs can be predicted using physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling. METHODS LY404039 is a metabotropic glutamate receptor 2/3 agonist and the active moiety of the prodrug pomaglumetad methionil (LY2140023). After oral administration, pomaglumetad methionil is rapidly taken up by enterocytes via PEPT1 and once absorbed, converted to LY404039 via membrane dehydropeptidase 1 (DPEP1). LY404039 is renally excreted by both glomerular filtration and active secretion and in vitro studies showed that the active secretion of LY404039 was mediated by the organic anion transporter 1 (OAT1). Both clinical and in vitro data were used to build a PBPK model to predict OAT1-mediated DDIs. RESULTS In vitro inhibitory potencies (IC50) of the known OAT inhibitors, probenecid and ibuprofen, were determined to be 4.00 and 2.63 µM, respectively. Subsequently, clinical drug-drug interaction (DDI) study showed probenecid reduced the renal clearance of LY404039 by 30 to 40%. The PBPK bottom-up model, predicted a renal clearance that was approximately 20% lower than the observed one. The middle-out model, using an OAT1 relative activity factor (RAF) of 3, accurately reproduced the renal clearance of LY404039 and pharmacokinetic (PK) changes of LY404039 in the presence of probenecid. CONCLUSIONS OAT1- mediated DDIs can be predicted using in vitro measured IC50 and PBPK modeling. The effect of ibuprofen was predicted to be minimal (AUC ratio of 1.15) and not clinically relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Anne Pak
- Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46285, USA
| | - Maria M Posada
- Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46285, USA.
| | - James Bacon
- Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46285, USA
| | | | - William Annes
- Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46285, USA
| | - Jennifer Witcher
- Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46285, USA
| | - Malcolm Mitchell
- Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46285, USA
| | - Rommel G Tirona
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Stephen D Hall
- Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46285, USA
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Chu Y, Wong A, Chen H, Ji L, Qin C, Feng W, Stocks MJ, Gershkovich P. Development of lipophilic ester prodrugs of dolutegravir for intestinal lymphatic transport. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023; 191:90-102. [PMID: 37634824 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
The establishment of latent cellular and anatomical viral reservoirs is a major obstacle to achieving a cure for people infected by HIV. Mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) are one of the most important anatomical reservoirs of HIV. Suboptimal levels of antiretroviral (ARVs) drugs in these difficult-to-penetrate viral reservoirs is one of the limitations of current antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens. This study aimed to design and assess highly lipophilic ester prodrugs of dolutegravir (DTG) formulated with long-chain triglyceride (LCT) for delivery of DTG to the viral reservoir in mesenteric lymph and MLNs. A number of alkyl ester prodrugs of DTG were designed based on the predicted affinity to chylomicrons (CM), and the six most promising prodrugs were selected and synthesised. The synthesised prodrugs were further assessed for their intestinal lymphatic transport potential and biotransformation in biorelevant media in vitro and ex vivo. DTG and the most promising prodrug (prodrug 5) were then assessed in pharmacokinetic and biodistribution studies in rats. Although oral administration of 5 mg/kg of unmodified DTG (an allometrically scaled dose from humans) with or without lipids achieved concentrations above protein binding-adjusted IC90 (PA-IC90) (64 ng/mL) in most tissues, the drug was not selectively targeted to MLNs. The combination of lipophilic ester prodrug and LCT-based formulation approach improved the targeting selectivity of DTG to MLNs 4.8-fold compared to unmodified DTG. However, systemic exposure to DTG was limited, most likely due to poor intestinal absorption of the prodrug following oral administration. In vitro lipolysis showed a good correlation between micellar solubilisation of the prodrug and systemic exposure to DTG in rats in vivo. Thus, it is prudent to include in vitro lipolysis in the early assessment of orally administered drugs and prodrugs in lipidic formulations, even when intestinal lymphatic transport is involved in the absorption pathway. Further studies are needed to clarify the underlying mechanisms of low systemic bioavailability of DTG following oral administration of the prodrug and potential ways to overcome this limitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yenju Chu
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; Department of Pharmacy Practice, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Abigail Wong
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Haojie Chen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Liuhang Ji
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Chaolong Qin
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Wanshan Feng
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Michael J Stocks
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Pavel Gershkovich
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
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Becerril-Vega J, Hernández-Campos A, González-Hernández I, Flores-Ramos M, Castillo R, Leyva-Gómez G, Mayet-Cruz L, Jung-Cook H. Development and Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Two Parenteral Formulations of Albendazole Using Prodrug and Cosolvent Approaches. AAPS PharmSciTech 2023; 24:158. [PMID: 37498473 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-023-02613-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Albendazole is a broad-spectrum anthelmintic drug used for parasitic infections. In addition, due to its mechanism of action, it has been studied as an anticancer agent. However, poor and highly variable bioavailability are limiting factors for its use in systemic illnesses. The present study aimed to develop two parenteral formulations of albendazole and to compare its pharmacokinetic profile with the conventional oral administration. Parenteral formulations were developed using two different approaches: a phosphonooxymethylated prodrug and cosolvents. For the albendazole prodrug, once synthetized, its solubility and hydrolysis with alkaline phosphatase were evaluated. A factorial design of experiments was used for the cosolvent formulation. Stability and hemolytic activity were assessed. A pharmacokinetic study was performed on New Zealand rabbits. Both formulations were administered intravenously, and the prodrug was also administered intramuscularly. Results were compared with those obtained after the oral administration of albendazole. A 20,000-fold and 6000-fold increase in albendazole solubility was found with the prodrug and cosolvent formulations, respectively. Both parenteral formulations displayed higher albendazole plasma concentrations for the first 2 h compared with oral administration, even when the oral dose was doubled. The absolute bioavailability of oral albendazole was 15.5% while for the intramuscular administration of the prodrug was 102.6%. Both parenteral formulations showed a significant decrease in the formation of albendazole sulfoxide (ANOVA p<0.05) and allowed greater exposure to albendazole. Albendazole cosolvent parenteral formulation could be a promising option in systemic illnesses considering its ease of preparation and superb pharmacokinetic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Becerril-Vega
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alicia Hernández-Campos
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Iliana González-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Neuropsicofarmacología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Miguel Flores-Ramos
- Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Unidad Mérida, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Rafael Castillo
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Leyva-Gómez
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Lourdes Mayet-Cruz
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Helgi Jung-Cook
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Roy Chowdhury U, Pervan-Steel CL, Sheeler R, Sookdeo HK, Rogers B, Casale R, Dosa PI, Htoo T, Wirostko BM, Fautsch MP. Preclinical Pharmacokinetic Profile of Topical Ophthalmic and Intravenous Delivery of QLS-101, a Novel ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channel Opening Ocular Hypotensive Agent. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2023; 39:332-346. [PMID: 37200453 PMCID: PMC10398739 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2022.0184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the pharmacokinetic profiles of the ocular hypotensive agent QLS-101, a novel ATP-sensitive potassium channel opening prodrug, and its active moiety levcromakalim, following topical ophthalmic and intravenous dosing of normotensive rabbits and dogs. Methods: Dutch belted rabbits (n = 85) and beagle dogs (n = 32) were dosed with QLS-101 (0.16-3.2 mg/eye/dose) or formulation buffer for 28 days. Pharmacokinetic profiles of QLS-101 and levcromakalim were evaluated in ocular tissues and blood by LC-MS/MS. Tolerability was assessed by clinical and ophthalmic examinations. Maximum systemic tolerated dose was evaluated in beagle dogs (n = 2) following intravenous bolus administrations of QLS-101 (0.05 to 5 mg/kg). Results: Plasma analysis following topical dosing of QLS-101 (0.8-3.2 mg/eye/dose) for 28 days indicated an elimination half-life (T1/2) of 5.50-8.82 h and a corresponding time (Tmax) range of 2-12 h in rabbits, and a T1/2 of 3.32-6.18 h with a Tmax range of 1-2 h in dogs. Maximum tissue concentration (Cmax) values ranged from 54.8-540 (day 1) to 50.5-777 ng/mL (day 28) in rabbits, and 36.5-166 (day 1) to 47.0-147 ng/mL (day 28) in dogs. Levcromakalim plasma T1/2 and Tmax were similar to QLS-101, while Cmax was consistently lower. Topical ophthalmic delivery of QLS-101 was well tolerated in both species, with sporadic mild ocular hyperemia noted in the group treated with the highest concentration (3.2 mg/eye/dose). Following topical ophthalmic dosing, QLS-101 and levcromakalim were found primarily in the cornea, sclera, and conjunctiva. Maximum tolerated dose was determined to be 3 mg/kg. Conclusions: QLS-101 was converted to its active moiety levcromakalim and showed characteristic absorption, distribution, and safety profiles of a well-tolerated prodrug.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Brian Rogers
- Pacific BioDevelopment, LLC, Emeryville, California, USA
| | | | - Peter I. Dosa
- Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Barbara M. Wirostko
- Qlaris Bio, Inc., Dedham, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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Cao Y, Wu X, Wang Z, Huang Y, Wu J, Cao G, Yu J, Wang J, Yang H, Zhang W, Zhang J. Single-Ascending-Dose, Food-Effect, and Multiple-Dose Study of the Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of the Pangenotypic Anti-Hepatitis C Virus Drug Holybuvir in Healthy Chinese Subjects. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2023; 67:e0129522. [PMID: 36809048 PMCID: PMC10019294 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01295-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Holybuvir is a novel pangenotypic hepatitis C virus NS5B inhibitor. This first in-human study aimed to evaluate the pharmacokinetics (PK), safety, and tolerability of holybuvir and its metabolites and the effect of food on the PK of holybuvir and its metabolites in healthy Chinese subjects. A total of 96 subjects were enrolled in this study which included (i) a single-ascending-dose (SAD) study (100 to 1,200 mg), (ii) a food-effect (FE) study (600 mg), and (iii) a multiple-dose (MD) study (400 and 600 mg once daily for 14 days). The results showed that single oral administration of holybuvir at doses up to 1,200 mg was well tolerated. Holybuvir was rapidly absorbed and metabolized in the human body, which was consistent with the characteristics of holybuvir as a prodrug. PK analysis showed that Cmax and area under the curve (AUC) increased with dose in no dose-proportional manner after a single-dose administration (100 to 1,200 mg). Although high-fat meals did change the PK of holybuvir and its metabolites, clinical significance of changes in PK parameters induced by eating a high-fat diet would be further confirmed. Following multiple-dose administration, accumulation of metabolites SH229M4 and SH229M5-sul was observed. The favorable PK and safety results support the further development of holybuvir for patients with HCV. (This study was registered at Chinadrugtrials.org under identifier CTR20170859.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuran Cao
- Phase I Clinical Research Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojie Wu
- Phase I Clinical Research Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Nanjing Sanhome Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuxian Huang
- Infectious Disease Department, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junzhen Wu
- Phase I Clinical Research Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoying Cao
- Phase I Clinical Research Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jicheng Yu
- Phase I Clinical Research Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Phase I Clinical Research Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haijing Yang
- Phase I Clinical Research Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenhong Zhang
- Infectious Disease Department, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Phase I Clinical Research Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Antibiotics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Guo Z, Wang Z, Liang R, Tian H, Chen X, Chen M. Reactive oxygen species activated by mitochondria-specific camptothecin prodrug for enhanced chemotherapy. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2022; 22:934-948. [PMID: 35801419 PMCID: PMC9589304 DOI: 10.17305/bjbms.2022.7194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Camptothecin (CPT) has attracted much attention due to its potent antitumor activities. However, the undesirable physicochemical properties, including poor water-solubility, unstable lactone ring and severe adverse effects limit its further application. In this study, two water-soluble prodrugs, CPT-lysine (CPTK) and CPT-arginine (CPTR), were designed and synthesized by conjugating lysine or arginine with CPT, improving its solubility, pharmacokinetic properties and tumor penetration. Importantly, the introduction of arginine into CPTR contributed to the mitochondria-specific delivery, which increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, induced mitochondria dysfunction and enhanced cell apoptosis and in vivo anti-cancer effect. This strategy is believed to hold great potential for organelle-specific synergistic anti-tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaopei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Zian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Ruifeng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Huayu Tian
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Xuesi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Meiwan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
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8
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Liao JX, Huang QF, Li YH, Zhang DW, Wang GH. Chitosan derivatives functionalized dual ROS-responsive nanocarriers to enhance synergistic oxidation-chemotherapy. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 282:119087. [PMID: 35123755 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.119087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The efficient triggering of prodrug release has become a challengeable task for stimuli-responsive nanomedicine utilized in cancer therapy due to the subtle differences between normal and tumor tissues and heterogeneity. In this work, a dual ROS-responsive nanocarriers with the ability to self-regulate the ROS level was constructed, which could gradually respond to the endogenous ROS to achieve effective, hierarchical and specific drug release in cancer cells. In brief, DOX was conjugated with MSNs via thioketal bonds and loaded with β-Lapachone. TPP modified chitosan was then coated to fabricate nanocarriers for mitochondria-specific delivery. The resultant nanocarriers respond to the endogenous ROS and release Lap specifically in cancer cells. Subsequently, the released Lap self-regulated the ROS level, resulting in the specific DOX release and mitochondrial damage in situ, enhancing synergistic oxidation-chemotherapy. The tumor inhibition Ratio was achieved to 78.49%. The multi-functional platform provides a novel remote drug delivery system in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Xin Liao
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Qun-Fa Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Yan-Hong Li
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Da-Wei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Guan-Hai Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China.
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9
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Wang Y, Xiao D, Li J, Fan S, Xie F, Zhong W, Zhou X, Li S. From prodrug to pro-prodrug: hypoxia-sensitive antibody-drug conjugates. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:20. [PMID: 35058439 PMCID: PMC8776858 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00833-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yanming Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 100850, Beijing, China
| | - Dian Xiao
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 100850, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaguo Li
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, 310022, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shiyong Fan
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 100850, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Xie
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 100850, Beijing, China
| | - Wu Zhong
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 100850, Beijing, China.
| | - Xinbo Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 100850, Beijing, China.
| | - Song Li
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 100850, Beijing, China
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10
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Hangasky JA, Chen W, Dubois SP, Daenthanasanmak A, Müller JR, Reid R, Waldmann TA, Santi DV. A very long-acting IL-15: implications for the immunotherapy of cancer. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:e004104. [PMID: 35101947 PMCID: PMC8804710 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-004104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is an important cytokine necessary for proliferation and maintenance of natural killer (NK) and CD8+ T cells, and with great promise as an immuno-oncology therapeutic. However, IL-15 has a very short half-life and a single administration does not provide the sustained exposure required for optimal stimulation of target immune cells. The purpose of this work was to develop a very long-acting prodrug that would maintain IL-15 within a narrow therapeutic window for long periods-similar to a continuous infusion. METHODS We prepared and characterized hydrogel microspheres (MS) covalently attached to IL-15 (MS~IL-15) by a releasable linker. The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of MS~IL-15 were determined in C57BL/6J mice. The antitumor activity of MS~IL-15 as a single agent, and in combination with a suitable therapeutic antibody, was tested in a CD8+ T cell-driven bilateral transgenic adenocarcinoma mouse prostate (TRAMP)-C2 model of prostatic cancer and a NK cell-driven mouse xenograft model of human ATL (MET-1) murine model of adult T-cell leukemia. RESULTS On subcutaneous administration to mice, the cytokine released from the depot maintained a long half-life of about 168 hours over the first 5 days, followed by an abrupt decrease to about ~30 hours in accordance with the development of a cytokine sink. A single injection of MS~IL-15 caused remarkably prolonged expansions of NK and ɣδ T cells for 2 weeks, and CD44hiCD8+ T cells for 4 weeks. In the NK cell-driven MET-1 murine model of adult T-cell leukemia, single-agent MS~IL-1550 μg or anti-CCR4 provided modest increases in survival, but a combination-through antibody-depedent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC)-significantly extended survival. In a CD8+ T cell-driven bilateral TRAMP-C2 model of prostatic cancer, single agent subcutaneous MS~IL-15 or unilateral intratumoral agonistic anti-CD40 showed modest growth inhibition, but the combination exhibited potent, prolonged bilateral antitumor activity. CONCLUSIONS Our results show MS~IL-15 provides a very long-acting IL-15 with low Cmax that elicits prolonged expansion of target immune cells and high anticancer activity, especially when administered in combination with a suitable immuno-oncology agent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wei Chen
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Sigrid P Dubois
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Anusara Daenthanasanmak
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jürgen R Müller
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ralph Reid
- ProLynx Inc, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Thomas A Waldmann
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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11
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Ma J, Chen Y, Liang W, Li L, Du J, Pan C, Zhang C. ROS-responsive dimeric prodrug-based nanomedicine targeted therapy for gastric cancer. Drug Deliv 2021; 28:1204-1213. [PMID: 34142633 PMCID: PMC8218932 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2021.1937380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) remains a major public health problem. Ursolic acid (UA) is reported to be effective in inhibiting GC; however, its low solubility and poor biocompatibility have greatly hindered its clinical application. Herein, an innovative reactive oxygen species (ROS)-sensitive UA dimeric prodrug is developed by coupling two UA molecules via a ROS-cleavable linkage, which can self-assemble into stable nanoparticles in the presence of surfactant. This new UA-based delivery system comprises the following major components: (I) dimeric prodrug inner core that can achieve high drug-loading (55%, w/w) and undergo rapid and selective conversion into intact drug molecules in response to ROS; (II) a polyethylene glycol (PEG) shell to improve colloid stability and extend blood circulation, and (III) surface-modified internalizing RGD (iRGD) to increase tumor targeting. Enhancement of the antitumor effect of this delivery system was demonstrated against GC tumors in vitro and in vivo. This novel approach offers the potential for clinical applications of UA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachi Ma
- Department of Oncological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuzhong Chen
- Department of Oncological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanqing Liang
- Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Oncological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Du
- Department of Oncological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengwu Pan
- Department of Oncological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People's Republic of China
| | - Chensong Zhang
- Department of Oncological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People's Republic of China
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12
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Wang H, Ning X, Wang X, Ding F, Wang Y. A versatile modular preparation strategy for targeted drug delivery systems against multidrug-resistant cancer cells. Nanotechnology 2021; 33:055101. [PMID: 34670212 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac317c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is widely used in targeted drug delivery, but different drug delivery systems need to 're-determine' different synthesis schemes, which greatly limits the further expansion of targeted nanomedicine applications. In this study, we propose a facile and versatile modular stacking strategy to fabricate targeted drug delivery systems to enable tailored designs for patient-specific therapeutic responses. The systems were constructed by a pH-sensitive prodrug module and a mitochondrial targeting module via self-assembly. Using this modular strategy, we successfully prepared two targeting nano-drug delivery systems, TPP-DOX and PK-DOX, where the mitochondrial targeting molecules were triphenylphosphonium (TPP) and 1-(2-Chlorophenyl)-N-methyl-N-(1-methylpropyl)-3-isoquinolinecarboxamide (PK11195), respectively. Confocal laser microscopy and flow cytometry tests revealed that TPP-DOX and PK-DOX exhibited high mitochondria targeting capability and greatly improved the drug retention in drug-resistant cells. The antitumor activity tests showed that the IC50 values of TPP-DOX and PK-DOX in MCF-7/ADR cells were 2.5- and 8.2-fold lower than that of free DOX, respectively. These results indicated that PK was more effective than TPP. The studies on their therapeutic effects on human breast cancer resistant cells verified the feasibility of the modular approach, indicated that the two modular targeted drug delivery systems: (1) retain the drug toxicity and cell-killing effect of the prodrug module, (2) have precise targeting capabilities due to mitochondrial targeting module, (3) enhance drug uptake, reduce drug efflux and reverse the multidrug resistance effect to a certain extent. The results show that modular stacking is a practical, effective and versatile method for preparing targeting drugs with broad application prospects. This study provides an easy approach on preparing customizable targeted drug delivery systems to improve precision therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyue Ning
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinnan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Ding
- College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
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13
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Lu S, Xia R, Wang J, Pei Q, Xie Z, Jing X. Engineering Paclitaxel Prodrug Nanoparticles via Redox-Activatable Linkage and Effective Carriers for Enhanced Chemotherapy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:46291-46302. [PMID: 34558902 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c12353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The current clinical performance of chemotherapy is far from satisfactory, greatly limited by insufficient delivery efficacy and serious systemic side effects. Dimeric prodrug systems are emerging as valuable strategies for boosting the antitumor outcome. Here, dimeric paclitaxel prodrugs were synthesized with different bridged linkers, and the formed prodrug nanoparticles possessed excellent colloidal stability and ultrahigh drug content. The diselenide bond containing paclitaxel prodrugs could respond to a redox-heterogeneous intracellular microenvironment for on-demand drug release and subsequently show a selective cytotoxicity toward tumor cells against normal cells. Furthermore, the optimal carrier materials were screened out according to their contribution on stability, endocytosis, cytotoxicity, biodistribution, and antitumor efficacy. Compared with DSPE-PEG, human serum albumin, and Fe-tannic acid-based complex, F127 anchored dimeric paclitaxel nanoformulations exhibited preferential tumor accumulation and potent anticancer effect. Our present work provides deep insight into the development of advanced nanoformulations with comprehensive advantages for enhancing cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Rui Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Qing Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
| | - Zhigang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xiabin Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
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14
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Cobb DA, Smith N, Deodhar S, Bade AN, Gautam N, Shetty BLD, McMillan J, Alnouti Y, Cohen SM, Gendelman HE, Edagwa B. Transformation of tenofovir into stable ProTide nanocrystals with long-acting pharmacokinetic profiles. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5458. [PMID: 34531390 PMCID: PMC8445934 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25690-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment and prevention of human immunodeficiency virus type one (HIV-1) infection was transformed through widespread use of antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, ART has limitations in requiring life-long daily adherence. Such limitations have led to the creation of long-acting (LA) ART. While nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) remain the ART backbone, to the best of our knowledge, none have been converted into LA agents. To these ends, we transformed tenofovir (TFV) into LA surfactant stabilized aqueous prodrug nanocrystals (referred to as NM1TFV and NM2TFV), enhancing intracellular drug uptake and retention. A single intramuscular injection of NM1TFV, NM2TFV, or a nanoformulated tenofovir alafenamide (NTAF) at 75 mg/kg TFV equivalents to Sprague Dawley rats sustains active TFV-diphosphate (TFV-DP) levels ≥ four times the 90% effective dose for two months. NM1TFV, NM2TFV and NTAF elicit TFV-DP levels of 11,276, 1,651, and 397 fmol/g in rectal tissue, respectively. These results are a significant step towards a LA TFV ProTide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise A Cobb
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Nathan Smith
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Suyash Deodhar
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Aditya N Bade
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Nagsen Gautam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Bhagya Laxmi Dyavar Shetty
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - JoEllyn McMillan
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Yazen Alnouti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Samuel M Cohen
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Howard E Gendelman
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Benson Edagwa
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
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15
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Wei D, Hu T, Zhang Y, Zheng W, Xue H, Shen J, Xie Y, Aisa HA. Potency and pharmacokinetics of GS-441524 derivatives against SARS-CoV-2. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 46:116364. [PMID: 34450570 PMCID: PMC8354861 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The nucleoside metabolite of remdesivir, GS-441524 displays potent anti-SARS-CoV-2 efficacy, and is being evaluated in clinical as an oral antiviral therapeutic for COVID-19. However, this nucleoside has a poor oral bioavailability in non-human primates, which may affect its therapeutic efficacy. Herein, we reported a variety of GS-441524 analogs with modifications on the base or the sugar moiety, as well as some prodrug forms, including five isobutyryl esters, two l-valine esters, and one carbamate. Among the new nucleosides, only the 7-fluoro analog 3c had moderate anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity, and its phosphoramidate prodrug 7 exhibited reduced activity in Vero E6 cells. As for the prodrugs, the 3'-isobutyryl ester 5a, the 5'-isobutyryl ester 5c, and the tri-isobutyryl ester 5g hydrobromide showed excellent oral bioavailabilities (F = 71.6%, 86.6% and 98.7%, respectively) in mice, which provided good insight into the pharmacokinetic optimization of GS-441524.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daibao Wei
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, South Beijing Road 40-1, Urumqi 830011, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tianwen Hu
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, South Beijing Road 40-1, Urumqi 830011, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yumin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haitao Xue
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jingshan Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuanchao Xie
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Haji A Aisa
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, South Beijing Road 40-1, Urumqi 830011, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
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16
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Han S, Mei L, Quach T, Porter C, Trevaskis N. Lipophilic Conjugates of Drugs: A Tool to Improve Drug Pharmacokinetic and Therapeutic Profiles. Pharm Res 2021; 38:1497-1518. [PMID: 34463935 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-021-03093-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Lipophilic conjugates (LCs) of small molecule drugs have been used widely in clinical and pre-clinical studies to achieve a number of pharmacokinetic and therapeutic benefits. For example, lipophilic derivatives of drugs are employed in several long acting injectable products to provide sustained drug exposure for hormone replacement therapy and to treat conditions such as neuropsychiatric diseases. LCs can also be used to modulate drug metabolism, and to enhance drug permeation across membranes, either by increasing lipophilicity to enhance passive diffusion or by increasing protein-mediated active transport. Furthermore, such conjugation strategies have been employed to promote drug association with endogenous macromolecular carriers (e.g. albumin and lipoproteins), and this in turn results in altered drug distribution and pharmacokinetic profiles, where the changes can be 'general' (e.g. prolonged plasma half-life) or 'specific' (e.g. enhanced delivery to specific tissues in parallel with the macromolecular carriers). Another utility of LCs is to enhance the encapsulation of drugs within engineered nanoscale drug delivery systems, in order to best take advantage of the targeting and pharmacokinetic benefits of nanomedicines. The current review provides a summary of the mechanisms by which lipophilic conjugates, including in combination with delivery vehicles, can be used to control drug delivery, distribution and therapeutic profiles. The article is structured into sections which highlight a specific benefit of LCs and then demonstrate this benefit with case studies. The review attempts to provide a toolbox to assist researchers to design and optimise drug candidates, including consideration of drug-formulation compatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sifei Han
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
- Suzhou Institute of Drug Innovation, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China.
| | - Lianghe Mei
- Suzhou Institute of Drug Innovation, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Tim Quach
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- PureTech Health, 6 Tide Street, Boston, MA, 02210, USA
| | - Chris Porter
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Natalie Trevaskis
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
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17
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Chen Z, Li H, Bian Y, Wang Z, Chen G, Zhang X, Miao Y, Wen D, Wang J, Wan G, Zeng Y, Abdou P, Fang J, Li S, Sun CJ, Gu Z. Bioorthogonal catalytic patch. Nat Nanotechnol 2021; 16:933-941. [PMID: 33972760 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-021-00910-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Bioorthogonal catalysis mediated by transition metals has inspired a new subfield of artificial chemistry complementary to enzymatic reactions, enabling the selective labelling of biomolecules or in situ synthesis of bioactive agents via non-natural processes. However, the effective deployment of bioorthogonal catalysis in vivo remains challenging, mired by the safety concerns of metal toxicity or complicated procedures to administer catalysts. Here, we describe a bioorthogonal catalytic device comprising a microneedle array patch integrated with Pd nanoparticles deposited on TiO2 nanosheets. This device is robust and removable, and can mediate the local conversion of caged substrates into their active states in high-level living systems. In particular, we show that such a patch can promote the activation of a prodrug at subcutaneous tumour sites, restoring its parent drug's therapeutic anticancer properties. This in situ applied device potentiates local treatment efficacy and eliminates off-target prodrug activation and dose-dependent side effects in healthy organs or distant tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaowei Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Institute of Food Safety and Environment Monitoring, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, P. R. China
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Hongjun Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Zhejiang Laboratory of Systems and Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yijie Bian
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zejun Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Guojun Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Yimin Miao
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Di Wen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Jinqiang Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Gang Wan
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - Yi Zeng
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Peter Abdou
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jun Fang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Song Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Cheng-Jun Sun
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - Zhen Gu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
- Zhejiang Laboratory of Systems and Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, P. R. China.
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China.
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China.
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18
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Xu P, Wang X, Li T, Li L, Wu H, Tu J, Zhang R, Zhang L, Guo Z, Chen Q. Bioinspired Microenvironment Responsive Nanoprodrug as an Efficient Hydrophobic Drug Self-Delivery System for Cancer Therapy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:33926-33936. [PMID: 34254767 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c09612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Artemisinin compounds have shown satisfactory safety records in anti-malarial clinical practice over decades and have revealed value as inexpensive anti-tumor adjuvant chemotherapeutic drugs. However, the rational design and precise preparation of nanomedicines based on the artemisinin drugs are still limited due to their non-aromatic and fragile chemical structure. Herein, a bioinspired coordination-driven self-assembly strategy was developed to manufacture the artemisinin-based nanoprodrug with a significantly increased drug loading efficacy (∼70 wt %) and decreased preparation complexity compared to conventional nanodrugs. The nanoprodrug has suitable size distribution and robust colloidal stability for cancer targeting in vivo. The nanoprodrug was able to quickly disassemble in the tumor microenvironment with weak acidity and a high glutathione concentration, which guarantees a better tumor inhibitory effect than direct administration and fewer side effects on normal tissues in vivo. This work highlights a new strategy to harness a robust, simplified, organic solvent-free, and highly repeatable route for nanoprodrug manufacturing, which may offer opportunities to develop cost-effective, safe, and clinically available nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengping Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
| | - Xueying Wang
- Anhui Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Tuanwei Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
| | - Lingli Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
| | - Huihui Wu
- Anhui Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Jinwei Tu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
| | - Ruoyang Zhang
- Changzhou Senior High School of Jiangsu Province, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
| | - Zhen Guo
- Anhui Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Qianwang Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at Microscale and Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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Kang RH, Kim Y, Kim JH, Kim NH, Ko HM, Lee SH, Shim I, Kim JS, Jang HJ, Kim D. Self-Activating Therapeutic Nanoparticle: A Targeted Tumor Therapy Using Reactive Oxygen Species Self-Generation and Switch-on Drug Release. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:30359-30372. [PMID: 34142813 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c07037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
One of the recent advances in nanotechnology within the medical field is the development of a nanoformulation of anticancer drugs or photosensitizers. Cancer cell-specific drug delivery and upregulation of the endogenous level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are important in precision anticancer treatment. Within our article, we report a new therapeutic nanoformulation of cancer cell targeting using endogenous ROS self-generation without an external initiator and a switch-on drug release (ROS-induced cascade nanoparticle degradation and anticancer drug generation). We found a substantial cellular ROS generation by treating an isothiocyanate-containing chemical and functionalizing it onto the surface of porous silicon nanoparticles (pSiNPs) that are biodegradable and ROS-responsive nanocarriers. Simultaneously, we loaded an ROS-responsive prodrug (JS-11) that could be converted to the original anticancer drug, SN-38, and conducted further surface functionalization with a cancer-targeting peptide, CGKRK. We demonstrated the feasibility as a cancer-targeting and self-activating therapeutic nanoparticle in a pancreatic cancer xenograft mouse model, and it showed a superior therapeutic efficacy through ROS-induced therapy and drug-induced cell death. The work presented is a new concept of a nanotherapeutic and provides a more feasible clinical translational pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rae Hyung Kang
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Yumi Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyeon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Na Hee Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Min Ko
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hyeon Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Inseob Shim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Seung Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeung-Jin Jang
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Dokyoung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Center for Converging Humanities, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Medical Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species and Biomedical Science Institute, School of Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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20
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Gong X, Wang H, Li R, Tan K, Wei J, Wang J, Hong C, Shang J, Liu X, Liu J, Wang F. A smart multiantenna gene theranostic system based on the programmed assembly of hypoxia-related siRNAs. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3953. [PMID: 34172725 PMCID: PMC8233311 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24191-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The systemic therapeutic utilisation of RNA interference (RNAi) is limited by the non-specific off-target effects, which can have severe adverse impacts in clinical applications. The accurate use of RNAi requires tumour-specific on-demand conditional activation to eliminate the off-target effects of RNAi, for which conventional RNAi systems cannot be used. Herein, a tumourous biomarker-activated RNAi platform is achieved through the careful design of RNAi prodrugs in extracellular vesicles (EVs) with cancer-specific recognition/activation features. These RNAi prodrugs are assembled by splitting and reconstituting the principal siRNAs into a hybridisation chain reaction (HCR) amplification machine. EVs facilitate the specific and efficient internalisation of RNAi prodrugs into target tumour cells, where endogenous microRNAs (miRNAs) promote immediate and autonomous HCR-amplified RNAi activation to simultaneously silence multiantenna hypoxia-related genes. With multiple guaranteed cancer recognition and synergistic therapy features, the miRNA-initiated HCR-promoted RNAi cascade holds great promise for personalised theranostics that enable reliable diagnosis and programmable on-demand therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Gong
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Haizhou Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Ruomeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Kaiyue Tan
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Jie Wei
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Chen Hong
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Jinhua Shang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China.
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Fuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P. R. China.
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21
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Liu G, Jiang Z, Lovell JF, Zhang L, Zhang Y. Design of a Thiol-Responsive, Traceless Prodrug with Rapid Self-Immolation for Cancer Chemotherapy. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2021; 4:4982-4989. [PMID: 35007046 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Prodrugs can be formed by chemical modification of the existing active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs); however, this often sacrifices their functional efficacy. Self-immolative linkers have recently attracted attention, as they can be designed to release pristine APIs. Herein, we report a strategy to generate a self-immolative prodrug (SIP) that can release pristine doxorubicin (DOX). Compared to conventional linkers, the key SIP DOX (KSIP-DOX) developed here can rapidly and quantitatively release the API due to its strong leaving group after reduction by thiol groups, which are present in tumors. KSIP-DOX has enhanced cellular uptake and improved anticancer efficacy, demonstrating its utility for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengqi Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Jiang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Jonathan F Lovell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Yumiao Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
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22
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Te Lintel Hekkert M, Newton G, Chapman K, Aqil R, Downham R, Yan R, Merkus D, Whitlock G, Lane CAL, Cawkill D, Perrior T, Duncker DJ, Schneider MD. Preclinical trial of a MAP4K4 inhibitor to reduce infarct size in the pig: does cardioprotection in human stem cell-derived myocytes predict success in large mammals? Basic Res Cardiol 2021; 116:34. [PMID: 34018053 PMCID: PMC8137473 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-021-00875-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Reducing infarct size (IS) by interfering with mechanisms for cardiomyocyte death remains an elusive goal. DMX-5804, a selective inhibitor of the stress-activated kinase MAP4K4, suppresses cell death in mouse myocardial infarction (MI), human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CMs), and 3D human engineered heart tissue, whose fidelity to human biology is hoped to strengthen the route to clinical success. Here, DMX-10001, a soluble, rapidly cleaved pro-drug of DMX-5804, was developed for i.v. testing in large-mammal MI. Following pharmacodynamic studies, a randomized, blinded efficacy study was performed in swine subjected to LAD balloon occlusion (60 min) and reperfusion (24 h). Thirty-six animals were enrolled; 12 were excluded by pre-defined criteria, death before infusion, or technical issues. DMX-10001 was begun 20 min before reperfusion (30 min, 60 mg/kg/h; 23.5 h, 17 mg/kg/h). At all times tested, beginning 30 min after the start of infusion, DMX-5804 concentrations exceeded > fivefold the levels that rescued hPSC-CMs and reduced IS in mice after oral dosing with DMX-5804 itself. No significant reduction occurred in IS or no-reflow corrected for the area at ischemic risk, even though DMX-10001 reduced IS, expressed in grams or % of LV mass, by 27%. In summary, a rapidly cleaved pro-drug of DMX-5804 failed to reduce IS in large-mammal MI, despite exceeding the concentrations for proven success in both mice and hPSC-CMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maaike Te Lintel Hekkert
- Department of Cardiology (Thoraxcenter), Erasmus University Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Daphne Merkus
- Department of Cardiology (Thoraxcenter), Erasmus University Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | - Dirk J Duncker
- Department of Cardiology (Thoraxcenter), Erasmus University Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Michael D Schneider
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK.
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23
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Bakalarz D, Korbut E, Yuan Z, Yu B, Wójcik D, Danielak A, Magierowska K, Kwiecień S, Brzozowski T, Marcinkowska M, Wang B, Magierowski M. Novel Hydrogen Sulfide (H 2S)-Releasing BW-HS-101 and Its Non-H 2S Releasing Derivative in Modulation of Microscopic and Molecular Parameters of Gastric Mucosal Barrier. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5211. [PMID: 34069086 PMCID: PMC8155842 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an endogenously produced molecule with anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective properties. We aimed to investigate for the first time if a novel, esterase-sensitive H2S-prodrug, BW-HS-101 with the ability to release H2S in a controllable manner, prevents gastric mucosa against acetylsalicylic acid-induced gastropathy on microscopic and molecular levels. Wistar rats were pretreated intragastrically with vehicle, BW-HS-101 (0.5-50 μmol/kg) or its analogue without the ability to release H2S, BW-iHS-101 prior to ASA administration (125 mg/kg, intragastrically). BW-HS-101 was administered alone or in combination with nitroarginine (L-NNA, 20 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) or zinc protoporphyrin IX (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneally). Gastroprotective effects of BW-HS-101 were additionally evaluated against necrotic damage induced by intragastrical administration of 75% ethanol. Gastric mucosal damage was assessed microscopically, and gastric blood flow was determined by laser flowmetry. Gastric mucosal DNA oxidation and PGE2 concentration were assessed by ELISA. Serum and/or gastric protein concentrations of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-13, VEGF, GM-CSF, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and EGF were determined by a microbeads/fluorescent-based multiplex assay. Changes in gastric mucosal iNOS, HMOX-1, SOCS3, IL1-R1, IL1-R2, TNF-R2, COX-1, and COX-2 mRNA were assessed by real-time PCR. BW-HS-101 or BW-iHS-101 applied at a dose of 50 μmol/kg protected gastric mucosa against ASA-induced gastric damage and prevented a decrease in the gastric blood flow level. H2S prodrug decreased DNA oxidation, systemic and gastric mucosal inflammation with accompanied upregulation of SOCS3, and EGF and HMOX-1 expression. Pharmacological inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) synthase but not carbon monoxide (CO)/heme oxygenase (HMOX) activity by L-NNA or ZnPP, respectively, reversed the gastroprotective effect of BW-HS-101. BW-HS-101 also protected against ethanol-induced gastric injury formation. We conclude that BW-HS-101, due to its ability to release H2S in a controllable manner, prevents gastric mucosa against drugs-induced gastropathy, inflammation and DNA oxidation, and upregulate gastric microcirculation. Gastroprotective effects of this H2S prodrug involves endogenous NO but not CO activity and could be mediated by cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory SOCS3 and EGF pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Bakalarz
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31531 Cracow, Poland; (D.B.); (E.K.); (D.W.); (A.D.); (K.M.); (S.K.); (T.B.)
- Department of Forensic Toxicology, Institute of Forensic Research, 31033 Cracow, Poland
| | - Edyta Korbut
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31531 Cracow, Poland; (D.B.); (E.K.); (D.W.); (A.D.); (K.M.); (S.K.); (T.B.)
| | - Zhengnan Yuan
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA; (Z.Y.); (B.Y.)
| | - Bingchen Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA; (Z.Y.); (B.Y.)
| | - Dagmara Wójcik
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31531 Cracow, Poland; (D.B.); (E.K.); (D.W.); (A.D.); (K.M.); (S.K.); (T.B.)
| | - Aleksandra Danielak
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31531 Cracow, Poland; (D.B.); (E.K.); (D.W.); (A.D.); (K.M.); (S.K.); (T.B.)
| | - Katarzyna Magierowska
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31531 Cracow, Poland; (D.B.); (E.K.); (D.W.); (A.D.); (K.M.); (S.K.); (T.B.)
| | - Slawomir Kwiecień
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31531 Cracow, Poland; (D.B.); (E.K.); (D.W.); (A.D.); (K.M.); (S.K.); (T.B.)
| | - Tomasz Brzozowski
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31531 Cracow, Poland; (D.B.); (E.K.); (D.W.); (A.D.); (K.M.); (S.K.); (T.B.)
| | - Monika Marcinkowska
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30688 Cracow, Poland;
| | - Binghe Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA; (Z.Y.); (B.Y.)
| | - Marcin Magierowski
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31531 Cracow, Poland; (D.B.); (E.K.); (D.W.); (A.D.); (K.M.); (S.K.); (T.B.)
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Mackman RL, Hui HC, Perron M, Murakami E, Palmiotti C, Lee G, Stray K, Zhang L, Goyal B, Chun K, Byun D, Siegel D, Simonovich S, Du Pont V, Pitts J, Babusis D, Vijjapurapu A, Lu X, Kim C, Zhao X, Chan J, Ma B, Lye D, Vandersteen A, Wortman S, Barrett KT, Toteva M, Jordan R, Subramanian R, Bilello JP, Cihlar T. Prodrugs of a 1'-CN-4-Aza-7,9-dideazaadenosine C-Nucleoside Leading to the Discovery of Remdesivir (GS-5734) as a Potent Inhibitor of Respiratory Syncytial Virus with Efficacy in the African Green Monkey Model of RSV. J Med Chem 2021; 64:5001-5017. [PMID: 33835812 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A discovery program targeting respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) identified C-nucleoside 4 (RSV A2 EC50 = 530 nM) as a phenotypic screening lead targeting the RSV RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). Prodrug exploration resulted in the discovery of remdesivir (1, GS-5734) that is >30-fold more potent than 4 against RSV in HEp-2 and NHBE cells. Metabolism studies in vitro confirmed the rapid formation of the active triphosphate metabolite, 1-NTP, and in vivo studies in cynomolgus and African Green monkeys demonstrated a >10-fold higher lung tissue concentration of 1-NTP following molar normalized IV dosing of 1 compared to that of 4. A once daily 10 mg/kg IV administration of 1 in an African Green monkey RSV model demonstrated a >2-log10 reduction in the peak lung viral load. These early data following the discovery of 1 supported its potential as a novel treatment for RSV prior to its development for Ebola and approval for COVID-19 treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard L Mackman
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Hon C Hui
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Michel Perron
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Eisuke Murakami
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Christopher Palmiotti
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Gary Lee
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Kirsten Stray
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Bindu Goyal
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Kwon Chun
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Daniel Byun
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Dustin Siegel
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Scott Simonovich
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Venice Du Pont
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Jared Pitts
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Darius Babusis
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Arya Vijjapurapu
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Xianghan Lu
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Cynthia Kim
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Xiaofeng Zhao
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Julie Chan
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Bin Ma
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Diane Lye
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Adelle Vandersteen
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Sarah Wortman
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Kimberly T Barrett
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Maria Toteva
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Robert Jordan
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Raju Subramanian
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - John P Bilello
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Tomas Cihlar
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
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25
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Li Y, Yang M, Zhao Y, Li L, Xu W. Preparation and in vitro evaluation of amphiphilic paclitaxel small molecule prodrugs and enhancement of oral absorption. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 215:113276. [PMID: 33611186 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A series of novel amphiphilic paclitaxel (PTX) small molecule prodrugs, PTX-succinic anhydride-cystamine (PTX-Cys), PTX-dithiodipropionic anhydride (PTX-SS-COOH) and PTX-succinic anhydride-cystamine-valine (PTX-SS-Val) were designed, synthesized and evaluated against cancer cell lines. Compared with paclitaxel, these prodrugs contained water-soluble groups such as amino, carboxyl and amino acid, which improved the aqueous solubility of the prodrugs. More importantly, the valine was introduced in PTX-SS-Val molecule and made the molecule conform to the structural characteristics of intestinal oligopeptide transporter PEPT1 substrate. Thus the oral bioavailability of prodrug could be improved because of the mediation of PEPT1 transporter. These small molecule paclitaxel prodrugs could self-assemble into nanoparticles in aqueous solution, which effectively improved the solubility of paclitaxel, and had certain stability in pH 6.5, pH 7.4 buffer solutions and simulated gastrointestinal fluids. Some of these prodrugs, especially for PTX-Cys and PTX-SS-Val, exhibited nearly equal or slightly better anticancer activity when compared to paclitaxel. Further studies on PTX-Cys and PTX-SS-Val showed that both had good intestinal absorption in the rat single-pass intestinal perfusion (SPIP) experiments. Oral pharmacokinetic experiments showed that PTX-SS-Val could effectively improve the oral bioavailability of PTX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, China
| | - Min Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, China
| | - Yanli Zhao
- Shandong Mental Health Center, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lingbing Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, China.
| | - Wei Xu
- Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First Medical University, China; Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, China.
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26
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Wei M, Zhao R, Cao Y, Wei Y, Li M, Dong Z, Liu Y, Ruan H, Li Y, Cao S, Tang Z, Zhou Y, Song W, Wang Y, Wang J, Yang G, Yang C. First orally bioavailable prodrug of proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) degrades cyclin-dependent kinases 2/4/6 in vivo. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 209:112903. [PMID: 33256948 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A growing number of reports suggested that the inhibitor targeting cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) 2/4/6 can act as a more feasible chemotherapy strategy. In the present paper, a novel PROTAC molecule was developed based on the structure of Ribociclib's derivative. In malignant melanoma cells, the degrader can not only degrade CDK 2/4/6 simultaneously and effectively, but also remarkably induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of melanoma cells. Moreover, PROTAC molecules with CRBN ligands always have poor oral bioavailability. We developed the orally bioavailable prodrug for the first time. It would provide general solution for oral administration of the PROTAC molecules, derived from CRBN ligands, for animal test conveniently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Wei
- The State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Rui Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Yuting Cao
- The State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Yujiao Wei
- The State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Ming Li
- Cangzhou Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Cangzhou, 061000, PR China
| | - Zhiqiang Dong
- The State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Yulin Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Hao Ruan
- The State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Ying Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Sheng Cao
- The State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Zhiwen Tang
- The State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Wei Song
- The State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Yubo Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Jiefu Wang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, PR China.
| | - Guang Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China.
| | - Cheng Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China.
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Li Y, Qu J, Zhang P, Zhang Z. Reduction-responsive sulfur dioxide polymer prodrug nanoparticles loaded with irinotecan for combination osteosarcoma therapy. Nanotechnology 2020; 31:455101. [PMID: 32688350 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aba783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Combination therapy can boost the therapeutic effectiveness of monotherapies by achieving synergy between therapeutic agents. Herein, a reduction-responsive sulfur dioxide (SO2) polymer prodrug was synthesized as a nanocarrier to load irinotecan (IRN) to be used in combination osteosarcoma therapy. The SO2 prodrug (denoted as mPEG-PLG (DNs)) was synthesized by coupling a small-molecule SO2 donor, N-(3-azidopropyl)-2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonamide (AP-DNs), to the side chains of methoxy poly (ethylene glycol)-block-poly (γ-propargyl-L-glutamate) block copolymer. The mPEG-PLG (DNs) had the ability to self-assemble into micelles while simultaneously encapsulating IRN in aqueous media. The formed micelles led to enhanced SO2 and IRN release in reductive conditions. Using nile red as a model drug, the loaded micelles were efficiently internalized by cancer cells, demonstrated by confocal laser scanning microscopy and flow cytometry. The release of SO2 within nanoparticles (NPs) in tumor cells led to enhanced intracellular reactive oxygen species amounts together with induced oxidative destruction to cancer cells. Furthermore, the IRN-loaded SO2 polymer prodrug NPs mediated synergistic therapeutic effects against osteosarcoma cells, leading to improved biodistribution and enhanced tumor growth inhibition over control groups in a murine osteosarcoma model. Taken together, this work highlights the potential of SO2 polymer prodrugs as reduction-responsive nanocarriers to load chemotherapeutics for effective combination osteosarcoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongshuang Li
- Department of General Surgery, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 4 Chongshandong Road, Shenyang 110032, People's Republic of China
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28
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Kristeleit R, Evans J, Molife LR, Tunariu N, Shaw H, Slater S, Haris NRM, Brown NF, Forster MD, Diamantis N, Rulach R, Greystoke A, Asghar U, Rata M, Anderson S, Bachmann F, Hannah A, Kaindl T, Lane HA, Larger PJ, Schmitt-Hoffmann A, Engelhardt M, Tzankov A, Plummer R, Lopez J. Phase 1/2a trial of intravenous BAL101553, a novel controller of the spindle assembly checkpoint, in advanced solid tumours. Br J Cancer 2020; 123:1360-1369. [PMID: 32741975 PMCID: PMC7591872 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-1010-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND BAL101553 (lisavanbulin), the lysine prodrug of BAL27862 (avanbulin), exhibits broad anti-proliferative activity in human cancer models refractory to clinically relevant microtubule-targeting agents. METHODS This two-part, open-label, phase 1/2a study aimed to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) of 2-h infusion of BAL101553 in adults with advanced or recurrent solid tumours. The MTD was determined using a modified accelerated titration design in phase I. Patients received BAL101553 at the MTD and at lower doses in the phase 2a expansion to characterise safety and efficacy and to determine the recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D). RESULTS Seventy-three patients received BAL101553 at doses of 15-80 mg/m2 (phase 1, n = 24; phase 2a, n = 49). The MTD was 60 mg/m2; DLTs observed at doses ≥60 mg/m2 were reversible Grade 2-3 gait disturbance with Grade 2 peripheral sensory neuropathy. In phase 2a, asymptomatic myocardial injury was observed at doses ≥45 mg/m2. The RP2D for 2-h intravenous infusion was 30 mg/m2. The overall disease control rate was 26.3% in the efficacy population. CONCLUSIONS The RP2D for 2-h infusion of BAL101553 was well tolerated. Dose-limiting neurological and myocardial side effects were consistent with the agent's vascular-disrupting properties. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION EudraCT: 2010-024237-23.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Kristeleit
- Department of Oncology, Guys and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
- National Institute for Health Research, University College London Hospitals Clinical Research Facility, London, UK.
| | - Jeffry Evans
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- The Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, UK
| | - L Rhoda Molife
- Drug Development Unit, The Royal Marsden Hospital and the Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, UK
| | - Nina Tunariu
- Drug Development Unit, The Royal Marsden Hospital and the Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, UK
| | - Heather Shaw
- National Institute for Health Research, University College London Hospitals Clinical Research Facility, London, UK
| | - Sarah Slater
- The Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, UK
| | - Noor R Md Haris
- Sir Bobby Robson Cancer Trials Research Centre, Northern Centre for Cancer Care, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Nicholas F Brown
- National Institute for Health Research, University College London Hospitals Clinical Research Facility, London, UK
| | - Martin D Forster
- National Institute for Health Research, University College London Hospitals Clinical Research Facility, London, UK
| | - Nikolaos Diamantis
- Drug Development Unit, The Royal Marsden Hospital and the Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, UK
| | - Robert Rulach
- The Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, UK
| | - Alastair Greystoke
- Sir Bobby Robson Cancer Trials Research Centre, Northern Centre for Cancer Care, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Uzma Asghar
- National Institute for Health Research, University College London Hospitals Clinical Research Facility, London, UK
| | - Mihaela Rata
- Radiotherapy and Imaging Unit, Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, UK
| | | | - Felix Bachmann
- Basilea Pharmaceutica International Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alison Hannah
- Oncology Clinical Trial Consulting, Sebastopol, CA, USA
| | - Thomas Kaindl
- Basilea Pharmaceutica International Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Heidi A Lane
- Basilea Pharmaceutica International Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | - Ruth Plummer
- Sir Bobby Robson Cancer Trials Research Centre, Northern Centre for Cancer Care, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Juanita Lopez
- Drug Development Unit, The Royal Marsden Hospital and the Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, UK
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Li Q, Hou W, Li M, Ye H, Li H, Wang Z. Ultrasound Combined with Core Cross-Linked Nanosystem for Enhancing Penetration of Doxorubicin Prodrug/Beta-Lapachone into Tumors. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:4825-4845. [PMID: 32753868 PMCID: PMC7355081 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s251277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanosized drug delivery systems (NDDSs) have shown excellent prospects in tumor therapy. However, insufficient penetration of NDDSs has significantly impeded their development due to physiological instability and low passive penetration efficiency. METHODS Herein, we prepared a core cross-linked pullulan-modified nanosized system, fabricated by visible-light-induced diselenide bond cross-linked method for transporting β-Lapachone and doxorubicin prodrug (boronate-DOX, BDOX), to improve the physiological stability of the NDDSs for efficient passive accumulation in tumor blood vessels (β-Lapachone/BDOX-CCS). Additionally, ultrasound (US) was utilized to transfer β-Lapachone/BDOX-CCS around the tumor vessel in a relay style to penetrate the tumor interstitium. Subsequently, β-Lapachone enhanced ROS levels by overexpressing NQO1, resulting in the transformation of BDOX into DOX. DOX, together with abundant levels of ROS, achieved synergistic tumor therapy. RESULTS In vivo experiments demonstrated that ultrasound (US) + cross-linked nanosized drug delivery systems (β-Lapachone/BDOX-CCS) group showed ten times higher DOX accumulation in the tumor interstitium than the non-cross-linked (β-Lapachone/BDOX-NCS) group. CONCLUSION Thus, this strategy could be a promising method to achieve deep penetration of NDDSs into the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing400016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing400016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meixuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing400016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hemin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing400016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huanan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing400016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhibiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing400016, People’s Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing400016, People’s Republic of China
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30
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Roh K, Lee JH, Kang H, Park KW, Song Y, Lee S, Ku JM. Synthesis and evaluation of butein derivatives for in vitro and in vivo inflammatory response suppression in lymphedema. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 197:112280. [PMID: 32361286 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we demonstrate that butein (1) can prevent swelling in a murine lymphedema model by suppressing tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) production. Butein derivatives were synthesized and evaluated to identify compounds with in vitro anti-inflammatory activity. Among them, 20 μM of compounds 7j, 7m, and 14a showed 50% suppression of TNF-α production in mouse peritoneal macrophages after lipopolysaccharide stimulation. Compound 14a, exhibited the strongest potency with an in vitro IC50 of 14.6 μM and suppressed limb volume by 70% in a murine lymphedema model. The prodrug strategy enabled a six-fold increase in kinetic solubility of compound 1 and five-fold higher levels of active metabolite in the blood for compound 14a via oral administration in the pharmacokinetics study. We suggest that the compound 14a could be developed as a potential therapeutic agent targeting anti-inflammatory activity to alleviate lymphedema progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangsan Roh
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hun Lee
- Bio-Center, Gyeonggido Business & Science Accelerator, 147 Gwanggyo-ro, Suwon, 16229, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Kang
- Humanitas College, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Kye Won Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngju Song
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukchan Lee
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jin-Mo Ku
- Bio-Center, Gyeonggido Business & Science Accelerator, 147 Gwanggyo-ro, Suwon, 16229, Republic of Korea.
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Fang C, Cen D, Wang Y, Wu Y, Cai X, Li X, Han G. ZnS@ZIF-8 core-shell nanoparticles incorporated with ICG and TPZ to enable H 2S-amplified synergistic therapy. Theranostics 2020; 10:7671-7682. [PMID: 32685012 PMCID: PMC7359076 DOI: 10.7150/thno.45079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal tumor microenvironment, such as hypoxia, interstitial hypertension and low pH, leads to unexpected resistance for current tumor treatment. The development of versatile drug delivery systems which present responsive characteristics to tumor microenvironment (TME) has been extensively carried out, but remains challenging. In this study, zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) coated ZnS nanoparticles have been designed and prepared for co-delivery of ICG/TPZ molecules, denoted as ZSZIT, for H2S-amplified synergistic therapy. Methods: The ZSZ nanoparticles were characterized using SEM, TEM and XRD. The in vitro viabilities of cancer cells cultured with ZSZIT under normoxia/hypoxia conditions were evaluated by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. In addition, in vivo anti-tumor effect was also performed using male Balb/c nude mice as animal model. Results: ZSZIT shows cascade PDT and hypoxia-activated chemotherapeutic effect under an 808nm NIR irradiation. Meanwhile, ZSZIT degrades under tumor acidic environment, and H2S produced by ZnS cores could inhibit the expression of catalase, which subsequently favors the hypoxia and antitumor effect of TPZ drug. Both in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate the H2S-sensitized synergistic antitumor effect based on cascade PDT/chemotherapy. Conclusion: This cascade H2S-sensitized synergistic nanoplatform has enabled more effective and lasting anticancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P.R. China
| | - Dong Cen
- Key Laboratory of Endoscopic Technique Research of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, P. R. China
| | - Yifan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Endoscopic Technique Research of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, P. R. China
| | - Yongjun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P.R. China
| | - Xiujun Cai
- Key Laboratory of Endoscopic Technique Research of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P.R. China
- Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Gaorong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P.R. China
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Kumar S, Jaipuri FA, Waldo JP, Potturi H, Marcinowicz A, Adams J, Van Allen C, Zhuang H, Vahanian N, Link C, Brincks EL, Mautino MR. Discovery of indoximod prodrugs and characterization of clinical candidate NLG802. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 198:112373. [PMID: 32422549 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A series of different prodrugs of indoximod, including estesrs and peptide amides were synthesized with the aim of improving its oral bioavailability in humans. The pharmacokinetics of prodrugs that were stable in buffers, plasma and simulated gastric and intestinal fluids was first assessed in rats after oral dosing in solution or in capsule formulation. Two prodrugs that produced the highest exposure to indoximod in rats were further tested in Cynomolgus monkeys, a species in which indoximod has oral bioavailability of 6-10% and an equivalent dose-dependent exposure profile as humans. NLG802 was selected as the clinical development candidate after increasing oral bioavailability (>5-fold), Cmax (6.1-3.6 fold) and AUC (2.9-5.2 fold) in monkeys, compared to equivalent molar oral doses of indoximod. NLG802 is extensively absorbed and rapidly metabolized to indoximod in all species tested and shows a safe toxicological profile at the anticipated therapeutic doses. NLG802 markedly enhanced the anti-tumor responses of tumor-specific pmel-1 T cells in a melanoma tumor model. In conclusion, NLG802 is a prodrug of indoximod expected to increase clinical drug exposure to indoximod above the current achievable levels, thus increasing the possibility of therapeutic effects in a larger fraction of the target patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hima Potturi
- NewLink Genetics, Ames, IA, 50010, United States
| | | | - James Adams
- NewLink Genetics, Ames, IA, 50010, United States
| | | | - Hong Zhuang
- NewLink Genetics, Ames, IA, 50010, United States
| | | | - Charles Link
- NewLink Genetics, Ames, IA, 50010, United States
| | - Erik L Brincks
- NewLink Genetics, Ames, IA, 50010, United States; Lumos Pharma, Inc., Ames, IA, 50010, United States.
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Subramaniyan B, Rajaputra P, Nguyen L, Li M, Peer CJ, Kindrick J, Figg WD, Woo S, You Y. Local and Systemic Antitumor Effects of Photo-activatable Paclitaxel Prodrug on Rat Breast Tumor Models. Photochem Photobiol 2020; 96:668-679. [PMID: 31883393 PMCID: PMC8043141 DOI: 10.1111/php.13202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrated that a large primary and a small untreated distant breast cancer could be controlled by local treatment with our light-activatable paclitaxel (PTX) prodrug. We hypothesized that the treated tumor would be damaged by the combinational effects of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and locally released PTX and that the distant tumor would be suppressed by systemic antitumor effects. Syngeneic rat breast cancer models (single- and two-tumor models) were established on Fischer 344 rats by subcutaneous injection of MAT B III cells. The rats were injected with PTX prodrug (dose: 1 umole kg-1 , i.v.), and tumors were treated with illumination using a 690-nm laser (75 or 140 mW cm-1 for 30 min, cylindrical light diffuser, drug-light interval [DLI] 9 h). Larger tumors (~16 mm) were effectively ablated (100%) without recurrence for >90 days. All cured rats rejected rechallenged tumor for up to 12 months. In the two-tumor model, the treatment of the local large tumor (~16 mm) also cured the untreated tumor (4-6 mm) through adaptive immune activation. This is our first demonstration that local treatment with our PTX prodrug produces systemic antitumor effects. Further investigations are warranted to understand mechanisms and optimal conditions to achieve clinically translatable systemic antitumor effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharathiraja Subramaniyan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Pallavi Rajaputra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Luong Nguyen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Mengjie Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Cody J. Peer
- Clinical Pharmacology Program, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Jessica Kindrick
- Clinical Pharmacology Program, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - William D. Figg
- Clinical Pharmacology Program, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Sukyung Woo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Youngjae You
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY
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Roy Chowdhury U, Kudgus RA, Rinkoski TA, Holman BH, Bahler CK, Hann CR, Reid JM, Dosa PI, Fautsch MP. Pharmacological and pharmacokinetic profile of the novel ocular hypotensive prodrug CKLP1 in Dutch-belted pigmented rabbits. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0231841. [PMID: 32298376 PMCID: PMC7162492 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated intraocular pressure is the only treatable risk factor for glaucoma, an eye disease that is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. We have identified cromakalim prodrug 1 (CKLP1), a novel water-soluble ATP-sensitive potassium channel opener, as a new ocular hypotensive agent. To evaluate the pharmacokinetic and safety profile of CKLP1 and its parent compound levcromakalim, Dutch-belted pigmented rabbits were treated intravenously (0.25 mg/kg) or topically (10 mM; 4.1 mg/ml) with CKLP1. Body fluids (blood, aqueous and vitreous humor) were collected at multiple time points and evaluated for the presence of CKLP1 and levcromakalim using a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) based assay. Histology of tissues isolated from Dutch-belted pigmented rabbits treated once daily for 90 days was evaluated in a masked manner by a certified veterinary pathologist. The estimated plasma parameters following intravenous administration of 0.25 mg/kg of CKLP1 showed CKLP1 had a terminal half-life of 61.8 ± 55.2 min, Tmax of 19.8 ± 23.0 min and Cmax of 1968.5 ± 831.0 ng/ml. Levcromakalim had a plasma terminal half-life of 85.0 ± 37.0 min, Tmax of 61.0 ± 32.0 min and Cmax of 10.6 ± 1.2 ng/ml. Topical CKLP1 treatment in the eye showed low levels (<0.3 ng/mL) of levcromakalim in aqueous and vitreous humor, and trace amounts of CKLP1 and levcromakalim in the plasma. No observable histological changes were noted in selected tissues that were examined following topical application of CKLP1 for 90 consecutive days. These results suggest that CKPL1 is converted to levcromakalim in the eye and likely to some extent in the systemic circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uttio Roy Chowdhury
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Rachel A. Kudgus
- Department of Oncology Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Tommy A. Rinkoski
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Bradley H. Holman
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Cindy K. Bahler
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Cheryl R. Hann
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Joel M. Reid
- Department of Oncology Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Peter I. Dosa
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Michael P. Fautsch
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
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Xu Y, Mu J, Xu Z, Zhong H, Chen Z, Ni Q, Liang XJ, Guo S. Modular Acid-Activatable Acetone-Based Ketal-Linked Nanomedicine by Dexamethasone Prodrugs for Enhanced Anti-Rheumatoid Arthritis with Low Side Effects. Nano Lett 2020; 20:2558-2568. [PMID: 32167768 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b05340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Given the physically encapsulated payloads with drug burst release and/or low drug loading, it is critical to initiate an innovative prodrug strategy to optimize the design of modular nanomedicines. Here, we designed modular pH-sensitive acetone-based ketal-linked prodrugs of dexamethasone (AKP-dexs) and formulated them as nanoparticles. We comprehensively studied the relationships between AKP-dex structure and properties, and we selected two types of AKP-dex-loaded nanoparticles for in vivo studies on the basis of their size, drug loading, and colloidal stability. In a collagen-induced arthritis rat model, these AKP-dex-loaded nanoparticles showed higher accumulation in inflamed joints and better therapeutic efficacy than free dexamethasone phosphate with less-severe side effects. AKP-dex-loaded nanoparticles may be useful for treating other inflammatory diseases and thus have great translational potential. Our findings represent an important step toward the development of practical applications for acetone-based ketal-linked prodrugs and are useful in the design of modular nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Jingqing Mu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Zunkai Xu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Haiping Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Ziqi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Qiankun Ni
- Laboratory of Controllable Nanopharmaceuticals, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11 First North Road, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xing-Jie Liang
- Laboratory of Controllable Nanopharmaceuticals, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11 First North Road, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Shutao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
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Piel S, Chamkha I, Dehlin AK, Ehinger JK, Sjövall F, Elmér E, Hansson MJ. Cell-permeable succinate prodrugs rescue mitochondrial respiration in cellular models of acute acetaminophen overdose. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0231173. [PMID: 32251487 PMCID: PMC7135280 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Acetaminophen is one of the most common over-the-counter pain medications used worldwide and is considered safe at therapeutic dose. However, intentional and unintentional overdose accounts for up to 70% of acute liver failure cases in the western world. Extensive research has demonstrated that the induction of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are central to the development of acetaminophen-induced liver injury. Despite the insight gained on the mechanism of acetaminophen toxicity, there still is only one clinically approved pharmacological treatment option, N-acetylcysteine. N-acetylcysteine increases the cell’s antioxidant defense and protects liver cells from further acetaminophen-induced oxidative damage. Because it primarily protects healthy liver cells rather than rescuing the already injured cells alternative treatment strategies that target the latter cell population are warranted. In this study, we investigated mitochondria as therapeutic target for the development of novel treatment strategies for acetaminophen-induced liver injury. Characterization of the mitochondrial toxicity due to acute acetaminophen overdose in vitro in human cells using detailed respirometric analysis revealed that complex I-linked (NADH-dependent) but not complex II-linked (succinate-dependent) mitochondrial respiration is inhibited by acetaminophen. Treatment with a novel cell-permeable succinate prodrug rescues acetaminophen-induced impaired mitochondrial respiration. This suggests cell-permeable succinate prodrugs as a potential alternative treatment strategy to counteract acetaminophen-induced liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Piel
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Mitochondrial Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- NeuroVive Pharmaceutical AB, Medicon Village, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Imen Chamkha
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Mitochondrial Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- NeuroVive Pharmaceutical AB, Medicon Village, Lund, Sweden
| | - Adam Kozak Dehlin
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Mitochondrial Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Johannes K. Ehinger
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Mitochondrial Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- NeuroVive Pharmaceutical AB, Medicon Village, Lund, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Sjövall
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Mitochondrial Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Skane University Hospital, Intensive Care and Perioperative Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Eskil Elmér
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Mitochondrial Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- NeuroVive Pharmaceutical AB, Medicon Village, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Skane University Hospital, Clinical Neurophysiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Magnus J. Hansson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Mitochondrial Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- NeuroVive Pharmaceutical AB, Medicon Village, Lund, Sweden
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Wang X, Liu G, Chen N, Wu J, Zhang J, Qian Y, Zhang L, Zhou D, Yu Y. Angiopep2-Conjugated Star-Shaped Polyprodrug Amphiphiles for Simultaneous Glioma-Targeting Therapy and MR Imaging. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:12143-12154. [PMID: 32078286 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c00509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The development of valuable theranostic agents for overcoming the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to achieve efficient imaging-guided glioma-targeting delivery of therapeutics remains a great challenge for personalized glioma therapy. We herein developed a novel functional star-shaped polyprodrug amphiphile (denoted as CPP-2) via a combination of successive reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization and click functionalization. In a diluted solution, the star amphiphile existed as structurally stable unimolecular micelles, containing hydrophobic cores conjugated with reduction-responsive camptothecin prodrugs Camptothecin (CPT) prodrug monomer (CPTM) and a tertiary amine monomer (2-(diethylamine) ethyl methacrylate, DEA) and hydrophilic oligo-(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether methacrylat (OEGMA) outer coronas covalently decorated with dual-targeting moieties Angiopep2 (ANG) and small magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents DOTA-Gd. In vitro and in vivo data in this study demonstrated that the ANG-modified micelles were capable of efficiently penetrating the BBB and delivering loaded cargoes such as CPT and Gd3+ contrast agents to glioma cells, leading to a considerably enhanced t1 relaxivity as well as antiglioma efficacy. Simultaneously, the targeted antiglioma efficacy and noninvasive MR imaging for a visualized therapy were realized. These collective findings augured well for the star polyprodrug amphiphiles to be utilized as a novel theranostic platform for clinical application in glioma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, P. R. China
| | - Guhuan Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Ni Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, P. R. China
| | - Yinfeng Qian
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, P. R. China
| | - Dandan Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, P. R. China
| | - Yongqiang Yu
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, P. R. China
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Su H, Wang F, Ran W, Zhang W, Dai W, Wang H, Anderson CF, Wang Z, Zheng C, Zhang P, Li Y, Cui H. The role of critical micellization concentration in efficacy and toxicity of supramolecular polymers. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:4518-4526. [PMID: 32071209 PMCID: PMC7060728 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1913655117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The inception and development of supramolecular chemistry have provided a vast library of supramolecular structures and materials for improved practice of medicine. In the context of therapeutic delivery, while supramolecular nanostructures offer a wide variety of morphologies as drug carriers for optimized targeting and controlled release, concerns are often raised as to how their morphological stability and structural integrity impact their in vivo performance. After intravenous (i.v.) administration, the intrinsic reversible and dynamic feature of supramolecular assemblies may lead them to dissociate upon plasma dilution to a concentration below their critical micellization concentration (CMC). As such, CMC represents an important characteristic for supramolecular biomaterials design, but its pharmaceutical role remains elusive. Here, we report the design of a series of self-assembling prodrugs (SAPDs) that spontaneously associate in aqueous solution into supramolecular polymers (SPs) with varying CMCs. Two hydrophobic camptothecin (CPT) molecules were conjugated onto oligoethylene-glycol (OEG)-decorated segments with various OEG repeat numbers (2, 4, 6, 8). Our studies show that the lower the CMC, the lower the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) in rodents. When administrated at the same dosage of 10 mg/kg (CPT equivalent), SAPD 1, the one with the lowest CMC, shows the best efficacy in tumor suppression. These observations can be explained by the circulation and dissociation of SAPD SPs and the difference in molecular and supramolecular distribution between excretion and organ uptake. We believe these findings offer important insight into the role of supramolecular stability in determining their therapeutic index and in vivo efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Su
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218
| | - Feihu Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218
| | - Wei Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Center for Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Weijie Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Wenbing Dai
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218
| | - Caleb F Anderson
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218
| | - Zongyuan Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Center for Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Pengcheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Center for Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yaping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Center for Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Honggang Cui
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218;
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218
- Center for Nanomedicine, The Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
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Zhang J, Du Q, Song X, Gao S, Pang X, Li Y, Zhang R, Abliz Z, He J. Evaluation of the tumor-targeting efficiency and intratumor heterogeneity of anticancer drugs using quantitative mass spectrometry imaging. Theranostics 2020; 10:2621-2630. [PMID: 32194824 PMCID: PMC7052894 DOI: 10.7150/thno.41763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of improved or targeted drugs that discriminate between normal and tumor tissues is the key therapeutic issue in cancer research. However, the development of an analytical method with a high accuracy and sensitivity to achieve quantitative assessment of the tumor targeting of anticancer drugs and even intratumor heterogeneous distribution of these drugs at the early stages of drug research and development is a major challenge. Mass spectrometry imaging is a label-free molecular imaging technique that provides spatial-temporal information on the distribution of drugs and metabolites in organisms, and its application in the field of pharmaceutical development is rapidly increasing. Methods: The study presented here accurately quantified the distribution of paclitaxel (PTX) and its prodrug (PTX-R) in whole-body animal sections based on the virtual calibration quantitative mass spectrometry imaging (VC-QMSI) method, which is label-free and does not require internal standards, and then applied this technique to evaluate the tumor targeting efficiency in three treatment groups-the PTX-injection treatment group, PTX-liposome treatment group and PTX-R treatment group-in nude mice bearing subcutaneous A549 xenograft tumors. Results: These results indicated that PTX was widely distributed in multiple organs throughout the dosed body in the PTX-injection group and the PTX-liposome group. Notably, in the PTX-R group, both the prodrug and metabolized PTX were mainly distributed in the tumor tissue, and this group showed a significant difference compared with the PTX-liposome group, the relative targeting efficiency of PTX-R group was increased approximately 50-fold, leading to substantially decreased systemic toxicities. In addition, PTX-R showed a significant and specific accumulation in the poorly differentiated intratumor area and necrotic area. Conclusion: This method was demonstrated to be a reliable, feasible and easy-to-implement strategy to quantitatively map the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) of a drug in the whole-body and tissue microregions and could therefore evaluate the tumor-targeting efficiency of anticancer drugs to predict drug efficacy and safety and provide key insights into drug disposition and mechanisms of action and resistance. Thus, this strategy could significantly facilitate the design and optimization of drugs at the early stage of drug research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Qianqian Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xiaowei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Shanshan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xuechao Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yan Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Ruiping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Zeper Abliz
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Center for Imaging and Systems Biology, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jiuming He
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
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Gao A, Chen B, Gao J, Zhou F, Saeed M, Hou B, Li Y, Yu H. Sheddable Prodrug Vesicles Combating Adaptive Immune Resistance for Improved Photodynamic Immunotherapy of Cancer. Nano Lett 2020; 20:353-362. [PMID: 31793787 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b04012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) capable of eliciting a robust antitumor immune response has been considered an attractive therapeutic approach. However, adaptive immune resistance in PDT underlines the need to develop alternative strategies. The exquisite power of checkpoint blockade can be harnessed to reinvigorate antitumor immune response. Here, we demonstrate that PDT-triggered adaptive immune resistance can be overcome by inactivating indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO-1). We rationally designed a tumor-microenvironment-sheddable prodrug vesicle by integrating a PEGylated photosensitizer (PS) and a reduction-sensitive prodrug of IDO-1 inhibitor. The prodrug vesicles were inert during the blood circulation, whereas they specifically accumulated and penetrated at the tumor site through matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2)-mediated cleavage of the PEG corona to achieve fluorescence-imaging-guided photodynamic therapy (PDT). Compared to PDT alone, the prodrug-vesicle-mediated combination immunotherapy provoked augmented antitumor immunity to eradicate the tumor in both CT26 colorectal and 4T1 breast immunocompetent mouse models. The prodrug vesicles dramatically suppressed tumor reoccurrence, particularly in overexpressing IDO-1 tumor models, i.e., CT26. This study might provide novel insight into the development of new nanomedicine to enhance the efficacy of photodynamic immunotherapy while addressing the adaptive immune resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Binfan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Jing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Fengqi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Madiha Saeed
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Bo Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Yaping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203 , China
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine & Advanced Preparations , Yantai Institute of Materia Medica , Shandong 264000 , China
| | - Haijun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203 , China
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine & Advanced Preparations , Yantai Institute of Materia Medica , Shandong 264000 , China
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Xu C, Song R, Lu P, Chen J, Zhou Y, Shen G, Jiang M, Zhang W. A pH-Responsive Charge-Reversal Drug Delivery System with Tumor-Specific Drug Release and ROS Generation for Cancer Therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:65-80. [PMID: 32021165 PMCID: PMC6955620 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s230237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Poor cell uptake and incomplete intracellular drug release are the two major challenges for polymeric prodrug-based drug delivery systems (PPDDSs) in cancer treatment. METHODS Herein, a PPDDS with pH-induced surface charge-reversal and reactive oxygen species (ROS) amplification for ROS-triggered self-accelerating drug release was developed, which was formed by encapsulating a ROS generation agent (vitamin K3 (VK3)) in pH/ROS dual-sensitive polymetric prodrug (PEG-b-P(LL-g-TK-PTX)-(LL-g-DMA)) based micelle nanoparticles (denoted as PVD-NPs). RESULTS The surface charge of the PVD-NPs can change from negative to positive for enhanced cell uptake in response to tumor extracellular acidity pH. After internalization by cancer cells, PVD-NPs demonstrate dual drug release in response to intracellular ROS-rich conditions. In addition, the released VK3 can produce ROS under the catalysis by NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase-1, which facilitates tumor-specific ROS amplification and drug release selectively in cancer cells to enhance chemotherapy. CONCLUSION Both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that the PVD-NPs showed significant antitumor activity in human prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Xu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing210029, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Wujiang Hospital of Nantong Univerisity, Suzhou215200, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rijin Song
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing210029, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pei Lu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing210029, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianchun Chen
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Wujiang Hospital of Nantong Univerisity, Suzhou215200, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongqiang Zhou
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Wujiang Hospital of Nantong Univerisity, Suzhou215200, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gang Shen
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Wujiang Hospital of Nantong Univerisity, Suzhou215200, People’s Republic of China
| | - Minjun Jiang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Wujiang Hospital of Nantong Univerisity, Suzhou215200, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing210029, People’s Republic of China
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Good SS, Moussa A, Zhou XJ, Pietropaolo K, Sommadossi JP. Preclinical evaluation of AT-527, a novel guanosine nucleotide prodrug with potent, pan-genotypic activity against hepatitis C virus. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227104. [PMID: 31914458 PMCID: PMC6949113 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the availability of highly effective direct-acting antiviral (DAA) regimens for the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections, sustained viral response (SVR) rates remain suboptimal for difficult-to-treat patient populations such as those with HCV genotype 3, cirrhosis or prior treatment experience, warranting development of more potent HCV replication antivirals. AT-527 is the hemi-sulfate salt of AT-511, a novel phosphoramidate prodrug of 2’-fluoro-2’-C-methylguanosine-5'-monophosphate that has potent in vitro activity against HCV. The EC50 of AT-511, determined using HCV laboratory strains and clinical isolates with genotypes 1–5, ranged from 5–28 nM. The active 5'-triphosphate metabolite, AT-9010, specifically inhibited the HCV RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. AT-511 did not inhibit the replication of other selected RNA or DNA viruses in vitro. AT-511 was approximately 10-fold more active than sofosbuvir (SOF) against a panel of laboratory strains and clinical isolates of HCV genotypes 1–5 and remained fully active against S282T resistance-associated variants, with up to 58-fold more potency than SOF. In vitro, AT-511 did not inhibit human DNA polymerases or elicit cytotoxicity or mitochondrial toxicity at concentrations up to 100 μM. Unlike the other potent guanosine analogs PSI-938 and PSI-661, no mutagenic O6-alkylguanine bases were formed when incubated with cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4, and AT-511 had IC50 values ≥25 μM against a panel of CYP enzymes. In hepatocytes from multiple species, the active triphosphate was the predominant metabolite produced from the prodrug, with a half-life of 10 h in human hepatocytes. When given orally to rats and monkeys, AT-527 preferentially delivered high levels of AT-9010 in the liver in vivo. These favorable preclinical attributes support the ongoing clinical development of AT-527 and suggest that, when used in combination with an HCV DAA from a different class, AT-527 may increase SVR rates, especially for difficult-to-treat patient populations, and could potentially shorten treatment duration for all patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven S. Good
- Atea Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Adel Moussa
- Atea Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Xiao-Jian Zhou
- Atea Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Keith Pietropaolo
- Atea Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
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Abdul Razak AR, Miller WH, Uy GL, Blotner S, Young AM, Higgins B, Chen LC, Gore L. A phase 1 study of the MDM2 antagonist RO6839921, a pegylated prodrug of idasanutlin, in patients with advanced solid tumors. Invest New Drugs 2019; 38:1156-1165. [PMID: 31734832 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-019-00869-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Purpose MDM2 is a negative regulator of the tumor suppressor p53. RO6839921 is an inactive pegylated prodrug of idasanutlin, an MDM2 antagonist, developed for intravenous administration. On cleavage by plasma esterases, the active principle (AP = idasanutlin) is released. This phase 1 study investigated the safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of RO6839921 in patients with advanced solid tumors (NCT02098967). Methods Patients were evaluated on a 5-day dosing schedule every 28 days. Dose escalation used the Bayesian new continual reassessment model. Accelerated dose titration was permitted until grade ≥2 drug-related AEs were observed. The target DLT rate to define the MTD was 16-25%. p53 activation was assessed by measuring macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 (MIC-1). Results Forty-one patients received 14-120 mg AP; 39 were DLT evaluable. The MTD was 110-mg AP (8% DLT rate), whereas 120-mg AP had a 44% DLT rate. DLTs were neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and stridor. The most common treatment-related AEs (≥30%) were nausea, fatigue, vomiting, and thrombocytopenia. Pharmacokinetic analyses indicated rapid conversion of prodrug to AP and an approximately linear and dose-proportional dose-exposure relationship, with a 2-fold increase in exposure between Days 1 and 5 of AP. MIC-1 increases were exposure dependent. Stable disease was observed in 14 patients (34%). Conclusions RO6839921 showed reduced pharmacokinetic exposure variability and a safety profile comparable with that of oral idasanutlin. Although this study indicated that RO6839921 could be administered to patients, the results did not provide sufficient differentiation or improvement in the biologic or safety profile compared with oral idasanutlin to support continued development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albiruni R Abdul Razak
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Division of Oncology and Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Wilson H Miller
- Jewish General Hospital, Rossy Cancer Network and McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Geoffrey L Uy
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Steven Blotner
- Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anne-Marie Young
- Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center, Welwyn Garden City, UK
| | - Brian Higgins
- Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lin-Chi Chen
- Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lia Gore
- University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
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He R, Zheng W, Ginman T, Ottosson H, Norgren S, Zhao Y, Hassan M. Pharmacokinetic profile of N-acetylcysteine amide and its main metabolite in mice using new analytical method. Eur J Pharm Sci 2019; 143:105158. [PMID: 31740394 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2019.105158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
N-acetylcysteine amide (NACA) is the amide derivative of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) that is rapidly converted to NAC after systemic administration. It has emerged as a promising thiol antioxidant for multiple indications; however, the pharmacokinetic property is yet unclear due to lack of an accurate quantification method. The present investigation aimed to develop an analytical method for simultaneous quantification of NACA and NAC in plasma. A new reagent (2-(methylsulfonyl)-5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole, MPOZ) was introduced for thiol stabilization during sample processing and storage. Further, we utilized tris (2-carboxyethyl) phosphine (TCEP) to reduce the oxidized forms of NACA and NAC. After derivatization, NACA-MPOZ and NAC-MPOZ were quantified using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The new method was validated and found to have high specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision, and recovery for the quantification of NACA and NAC in plasma. Furthermore, the formed derivatives of NACA and NAC were stable for 48 h under different conditions. The method was utilized in pharmacokinetic study which showed that the bioavailability of NACA is significantly higher than NAC (67% and 15%, respectively). The pharmacokinetic of NACA obeyed a two-compartment open model. The glutathione (GSH)-replenishing capacity was found to be three to four-fold higher after the administration of NACA compared to that observed after the administration of NAC. In conclusion, the present method is simple, robust and reproducible, and can be utilized in both experimental and clinical studies. NACA might be considered as a prodrug for NAC. Furthermore, this is the first report describing the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of NACA in mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui He
- Experimental Cancer Medicine, Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden; Clinical Research Center, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Wenyi Zheng
- Experimental Cancer Medicine, Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden; Clinical Research Center, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tobias Ginman
- Sprint Bioscience, Huddinge, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Håkan Ottosson
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Svante Norgren
- Children´s and Women´s Health Theme, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ying Zhao
- Experimental Cancer Medicine, Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden; Clinical Research Center, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Moustapha Hassan
- Experimental Cancer Medicine, Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden; Clinical Research Center, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Romański M, Wachowiak J, Główka FK. Treosulfan Pharmacokinetics and its Variability in Pediatric and Adult Patients Undergoing Conditioning Prior to Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Current State of the Art, In-Depth Analysis, and Perspectives. Clin Pharmacokinet 2019; 57:1255-1265. [PMID: 29557088 PMCID: PMC6132445 DOI: 10.1007/s40262-018-0647-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Treosulfan is a prodrug that undergoes a highly pH- and temperature-dependent nonenzymatic conversion to the monoepoxide {(2S,3S)-1,2-epoxy-3,4-butanediol 4-methanesulfonate [S,S-EBDM]} and diepoxide {(2S,3S)-1,2:3,4-diepoxybutane [S,S-DEB]}. Currently, treosulfan is tested in clinical trials as an alternative to busulfan in conditioning prior to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Of note, the optimal dosing of the prodrug is still unresolved, especially in infants. In this paper, the pharmacokinetics of treosulfan, together with its biologically active epoxides, is comprehensively reviewed for the first time, with the focus on conditioning prior to HSCT. Most of the insightful data presented in this review comes from studies that have been conducted in the last 3 years. The article widely discusses the volume of distribution and total clearance of treosulfan. In particular, the interindividual variability of these key parameters in infants, children above 1 year of age, and adults is analyzed, including possible covariates. A clinically important aspect of the formation rate-limited elimination of S,S-EBDM and S,S-DEB is described, including the correlation between the exposure of the prodrug and S,S-EBDM in children. The significance of the elimination half-life of treosulfan and its epoxides for successful conditioning prior to HSCT is also raised. Furthermore, the organ disposition of treosulfan and S,S-EBDM in rats is discussed in the context of the clinical toxicity and myeloablative activity of treosulfan versus busulfan. Moreover, perspectives for future therapeutic drug monitoring of treosulfan are presented. The review is intended to be helpful to pharmacists and doctors in the comprehension of the clinical pharmacokinetics of treosulfan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Romański
- Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Święcickiego Street, 60-781, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Jacek Wachowiak
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Transplantology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 27/33 Szpitalna Street, 60-572, Poznan, Poland
| | - Franciszek K Główka
- Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Święcickiego Street, 60-781, Poznan, Poland
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Liu M, Tang X, Ding J, Liu M, Zhao B, Deng Y, Song Y. A Sialylated-Bortezomib Prodrug Strategy Based on a Highly Expressed Selectin Target for the Treatment of Leukemia or Solid Tumors. Pharm Res 2019; 36:176. [PMID: 31686241 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-019-2714-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to explore the potential of sialic acid - related selectin targeting strategy in the treatment of leukemia and some solid tumors. We expected it could "actively" bind tumor cells and kill them, reducing non-specific toxicity to normal cells. METHODS BOR-SA prodrug was synthesized by reacting an ortho-dihydroxy group in SA with a boronic acid group in BOR. Two kinds of leukemia cells (RAW264.7 and HL60 cells), one solid sarcoma cell model (S180 cells) and their corresponding normal cells (monocytes (MO), neutrophil (NE) and fibroblast (L929)) were selected for the in vitro cell experiments (cytotoxicity, cellular uptake, cell cycle and apoptosis experiments). The S180 tumor-bearing Kunming mice model was established for anti-tumor pharmacodynamic experiments. RESULTS In vitro cell assay results showed that uptake of BOR-SA by HL60 and S180 cells were increased compared with the control group. BOR-SA induced a lower IC50, higher ratio of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest of tumor cells. In vivo anti-S180 tumor pharmacodynamics experiments showed that mice in the BOR-SA group had higher tumor inhibition rate, higher body weight and lower immune organ toxicity compared with the control group. CONCLUSIONS sialic acid-mediated selectin targeting strategy may have great potential in the treatment of related tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingqi Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 85 Hongliu Road, Benxi, 117004, Liaoning, China
| | - Xueying Tang
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 85 Hongliu Road, Benxi, 117004, Liaoning, China
| | - Junqiang Ding
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 85 Hongliu Road, Benxi, 117004, Liaoning, China
| | - Mengyang Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 85 Hongliu Road, Benxi, 117004, Liaoning, China
| | - Bowen Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 85 Hongliu Road, Benxi, 117004, Liaoning, China
| | - Yihui Deng
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 85 Hongliu Road, Benxi, 117004, Liaoning, China
| | - Yanzhi Song
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 85 Hongliu Road, Benxi, 117004, Liaoning, China.
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Shi X, Ma X, Ren E, Zhang Y, Jia D, Gao Y, Xue P, Kang Y, Liu G, Xu Z. Tumor-Microenvironment-Activatable Nanoreactor Based on a Polyprodrug for Multimodal-Imaging-Medicated Enhanced Cancer Chemo/Phototherapy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:40704-40715. [PMID: 31577408 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b16054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Anticancer nanomedicine-based multimodal imaging and synergistic therapy hold great promise in cancer diagnosis and therapy owing to their abilities to improve therapeutic efficiency and reduce unnecessary side effects, producing promising clinical prospects. Herein, we integrated chemotherapeutic drug camptothecin (CPT) and near-infrared-absorbing new indocyanine green (IR820) into a single system by charge interaction and obtained a tumor-microenvironment-activatable PCPTSS/IR820 nanoreactor to perform thermal/fluorescence/photoacoustic-imaging-guided chemotherapy and photothermal therapy simultaneously. Specifically, the generated PCPTSS/IR820 showed an excellent therapeutic agent loading content and size stability, and the trials in vitro and in vivo suggested that the smart PCPTSS/IR820 could deeply permeate into tumor tissues due to its suitable micellar size. Upon near-infrared laser irradiation, the nanoreactor further produced a terrific synergism of chemo-photo treatment for cancer therapy. Therefore, the PCPTSS/IR820 polyprodrug-based nanoreactor holds outstanding promise for multimodal imaging and combined dual therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - En Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361102 , P. R. China
| | - Yang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361102 , P. R. China
| | | | | | | | | | - Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361102 , P. R. China
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Dai Y, Wang B, Sun Z, Cheng J, Zhao H, Wu K, Sun P, Shen Q, Li M, Fan Q. Multifunctional Theranostic Liposomes Loaded with a Hypoxia-Activated Prodrug for Cascade-Activated Tumor Selective Combination Therapy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:39410-39423. [PMID: 31578854 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b11080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is becoming a promising therapeutic regimen but is limited by the hypoxic microenvironment in solid tumors and the undesirable post-treatment phototoxicity side effects on normal tissues. To overcome these restrictions and enhance the antitumor therapeutic effect, near-infrared (NIR) light-activated, cancer cell-specific, hypoxia prodrug-loaded chlorin e6 liposomes were developed for tumor selective combination therapy guided by multimodal imaging. The photothermal agent indocyanine green (ICG) and hypoxia-activated prodrug tirapazamine (TPZ) were coencapsulated into the liposomes, followed by modification with cRGD and conjugation with GdIII to form ICG/TPZ@Ce6-GdIII theranostic liposomes (ITC-GdIII TLs). In the ITC-GdIII TLs, both the fluorescence and photodynamic effect of Ce6 were quenched by ICG via fluorescence resonance energy transfer. The ITC-GdIII TLs can effectively reach the tumor site through the enhanced permeability and retention effect as well as the cRGD-mediated active targeting ability. The fluorescence and photodynamic effect of Ce6 can be activated by the photothermal effect of ICG under NIR light. Upon subsequent irradiation with a 660 nm laser, the released Ce6 could kill cancer cells by generating cytotoxic singlet oxygen. Furthermore, the PDT process would induce hypoxia, which in turn activated the antitumor activity of the codelivered hypoxia-activated prodrug TPZ for a combination antitumor effect. The TLs could be utilized for multimodal imaging (fluorescence/photoacoustic/magnetic resonance imaging)-guided cascade-activated tumor inhibition with optimized therapeutic efficiency and minimized side effects, holding great potential for constructing intelligent nanotheranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeneng Dai
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) , Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications , Nanjing 210023 , China
| | - Bing Wang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) , Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications , Nanjing 210023 , China
| | - Zhiquan Sun
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) , Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications , Nanjing 210023 , China
| | - Juan Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) , Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications , Nanjing 210023 , China
| | - Honghai Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) , Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications , Nanjing 210023 , China
| | - Kun Wu
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) , Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications , Nanjing 210023 , China
| | - Pengfei Sun
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) , Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications , Nanjing 210023 , China
| | - Qingming Shen
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) , Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications , Nanjing 210023 , China
| | - Meixing Li
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) , Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications , Nanjing 210023 , China
| | - Quli Fan
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) , Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications , Nanjing 210023 , China
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Kinsella T, Safran H, Wiersma S, DiPetrillo T, Schumacher A, Rosati K, Vatkevich J, Anderson LW, Hill KD, Kunos C, Collins JM. Phase I and Pharmacology Study of Ropidoxuridine (IPdR) as Prodrug for Iododeoxyuridine-Mediated Tumor Radiosensitization in Advanced GI Cancer Undergoing Radiation. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:6035-6043. [PMID: 31337643 PMCID: PMC6801071 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-0862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Iododeoxyuridine (IUdR) is a potent radiosensitizer; however, its clinical utility is limited by dose-limiting systemic toxicities and the need for prolonged continuous infusion. 5-Iodo-2-pyrimidinone-2'-deoxyribose (IPdR) is an oral prodrug of IUdR that, compared with IUdR, is easier to administer and less toxic, with a more favorable therapeutic index in preclinical studies. Here, we report the clinical and pharmacologic results of a first-in-human phase I dose escalation study of IPdR + concurrent radiation therapy (RT) in patients with advanced metastatic gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. PATIENTS AND METHODS Adult patients with metastatic GI cancers referred for palliative RT to the chest, abdomen, or pelvis were eligible for study. Patients received IPdR orally once every day × 28 days beginning 7 days before the initiation of RT (37.5 Gy in 2.5 Gy × 15 fractions). A 2-part dose escalation scheme was used, pharmacokinetic studies were performed at multiple time points, and all patients were assessed for toxicity and response to Day 56. RESULTS Nineteen patients were entered on study. Dose-limiting toxicity was encountered at 1,800 mg every day, and the recommended phase II dose is 1,200 mg every day. Pharmacokinetic analyses demonstrated achievable and sustainable levels of plasma IUdR ≥1 μmol/L (levels previously shown to mediate radiosensitization). Two complete, 3 partial, and 9 stable responses were achieved in target lesions. CONCLUSIONS Administration of IPdR orally every day × 28 days with RT is feasible and tolerable at doses that produce plasma IUdR levels ≥1 μmol/L. These results support the investigation of IPdR + RT in phase II studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Kinsella
- Brown University Oncology Group (BrUOG), Providence, Rhode Island.
- EMEK, Inc., Warwick, Rhode Island
| | - Howard Safran
- Brown University Oncology Group (BrUOG), Providence, Rhode Island
| | | | | | | | - Kayla Rosati
- Brown University Oncology Group (BrUOG), Providence, Rhode Island
| | | | | | - Kimberly D Hill
- Leidos Biomedical Research Inc, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Charles Kunos
- Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program (CTEP), NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jerry M Collins
- Developmental Therapeutics Program (DTP), NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
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Bai S, Ma X, Shi X, Shao J, Zhang T, Wang Y, Cheng Y, Xue P, Kang Y, Xu Z. Smart Unimolecular Micelle-Based Polyprodrug with Dual-Redox Stimuli Response for Tumor Microenvironment: Enhanced in Vivo Delivery Efficiency and Tumor Penetration. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:36130-36140. [PMID: 31490659 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b13214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Low delivery efficiency and limited tumor penetration of nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems (DDSs), the two most concerned issues in tumor therapy, have been considered as the "Achilles' heel" for tumor treatment. In this study, we have designed a highly sensitive dual-redox-responsive prodrug-based starlike polymer β-CD-b-P(CPTGSH-co-CPTROS-co-OEGMA) (CPGR) for synergistic chemotherapy. The high glutathione (GSH) concentration and high reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels are in a dynamic equilibrium in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and could trigger the disintegration of CPGR micelles, which can promote the release of anticancer drug camptothecin (CPT) completely and intelligently. In order to verify the synergistic antitumor mechanism, two corresponding single-responsive β-CD-b-P(CPTGSH-co-OEGMA) (CPG) and β-CD-b-P(CPTROS-co-OEGMA) (CPR) were altogether prepared as contrast. Both in vitro and in vivo studies confirmed the enhanced anticancer activity of CPGR micelles in comparison of single responsive micelles. This work contributes to the orchestrated design of dual-redox-responsive DDSs for synergetic antitumor chemotherapy, which provides a good approach for the development of dual-redox-responsive nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Bai
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Energy , Southwest University , Chongqing 400715 , P. R. China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Micro-Nano Biomedical Materials and Devices , Chongqing 400715 , P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqian Ma
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Energy , Southwest University , Chongqing 400715 , P. R. China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Micro-Nano Biomedical Materials and Devices , Chongqing 400715 , P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxiao Shi
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Energy , Southwest University , Chongqing 400715 , P. R. China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Micro-Nano Biomedical Materials and Devices , Chongqing 400715 , P. R. China
| | - Jinjun Shao
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) , Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) , Nanjing 211816 , P.R. China
| | - Tian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Energy , Southwest University , Chongqing 400715 , P. R. China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Micro-Nano Biomedical Materials and Devices , Chongqing 400715 , P. R. China
| | - Yajun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Energy , Southwest University , Chongqing 400715 , P. R. China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Micro-Nano Biomedical Materials and Devices , Chongqing 400715 , P. R. China
| | - Yilong Cheng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049 , China
| | - Peng Xue
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Energy , Southwest University , Chongqing 400715 , P. R. China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Micro-Nano Biomedical Materials and Devices , Chongqing 400715 , P. R. China
| | - Yuejun Kang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Energy , Southwest University , Chongqing 400715 , P. R. China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Micro-Nano Biomedical Materials and Devices , Chongqing 400715 , P. R. China
| | - Zhigang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Energy , Southwest University , Chongqing 400715 , P. R. China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Micro-Nano Biomedical Materials and Devices , Chongqing 400715 , P. R. China
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