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Roterman I, Stapor K, Konieczny L. Transmembrane proteins-Different anchoring systems. Proteins 2024; 92:593-609. [PMID: 38062872 DOI: 10.1002/prot.26646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Transmembrane proteins are active in amphipathic environments. To stabilize the protein in such surrounding the exposure of hydrophobic residues on the protein surface is required. Transmembrane proteins are responsible for the transport of various molecules. Therefore, they often represent structures in the form of channels. This analysis focused on the stability and local flexibility of transmembrane proteins, particularly those related to their biological activity. Different forms of anchorage were identified using the fuzzy oil-drop model (FOD) and its modified form, FOD-M. The mainly helical as well as β-barrel structural forms are compared with respect to the mechanism of stabilization in the cell membrane. The different anchoring system was found to stabilize protein molecules with possible local fluctuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Roterman
- Department of Bioinformatics and Telemedicine, Jagiellonian University-Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Stapor
- Faculty of Automatic, Electronics and Computer Science, Department of Applied Informatics, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Leszek Konieczny
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University-Medical College, Krakow, Poland
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Kacperska M, Mizera J, Pilecki M, Pomierny-Chamioło L. The impact of excessive maternal weight on the risk of neuropsychiatric disorders in offspring-a narrative review of clinical studies. Pharmacol Rep 2024:10.1007/s43440-024-00598-1. [PMID: 38649593 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-024-00598-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The global prevalence of overweight and obesity is a significant public health concern that also largely affects women of childbearing age. Human epidemiological studies indicate that prenatal exposure to excessive maternal weight or excessive gestational weight gain is linked to various neurodevelopmental disorders in children, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, internalizing and externalizing problems, schizophrenia, and cognitive/intellectual impairment. Considering that inadequate maternal body mass can induce serious disorders in offspring, it is important to increase efforts to prevent such outcomes. In this paper, we review human studies linking excessive maternal weight and the occurrence of mental disorders in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Kacperska
- Department of Toxicology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Józef Mizera
- Department of Toxicology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Maciej Pilecki
- Department of Psychiatry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 21a, 31-500, Kraków, Poland
| | - Lucyna Pomierny-Chamioło
- Department of Toxicology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland.
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Zandecki Ł, Ząbczyk M, Undas A. Elevated factor XI is associated with recurrent left ventricular thrombus of unknown origin. Eur J Clin Invest 2024:e14196. [PMID: 38465770 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated factor XI (FXI) has been shown to predispose to thromboembolism. We investigated whether it is associated with left ventricular thrombus (LVT) formation, its recurrence and subsequent thromboembolic events. METHODS In 54 patients with prior LVT of unknown origin, who stopped anticoagulation and 54 controls, we determined FXI, along with plasma clot permeability (Ks ), fibrinolysis time (CLT), endogenous thrombin potential (ETP), von Willebrand factor (vWF) and fibrinolysis proteins. During follow-up, the primary endpoint involving the recurrence of LVT a symptomatic ischemic stroke or systemic embolism was recorded. RESULTS Elevated (>120%) FXI levels were more often observed in LVT patients when compared to the control group (14 [25.9%] vs. 6 [11.1%], p = .048) in association with the presence of active FXI. FXI correlated with age (r = .406, p = .002), Ks (r = -.542, p < .001) and CLT (r = .406, p = .002), also after adjustment for age, but not with ETP, vWF or fibrinolysis proteins. During follow-up of 77.6 ± 18.5 months the primary endpoint occurred in 17 (31.5%) LVT patients, including 11 (20.4%) recurrent LVT, and in 4 (7.4%) controls (annual incidence rate 4.9% vs. 1.1%, respectively; p = .002). On multivariate logistic regression analysis, elevated FXI was independently associated with the primary endpoint (OR 1.18; 95% CI 1.09-1.28). CONCLUSIONS Elevated FXI in association with a prothrombotic state characterizes patients with prior LVT of unknown origin and predisposes to its recurrence and/or ischemic stroke during follow-up. It might be speculated that the measurement of FXI helps identify patients who could benefit from prolonged anticoagulation and FXI inhibitors in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Zandecki
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Michał Ząbczyk
- Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- St. John Paul II Hospital, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anetta Undas
- Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- St. John Paul II Hospital, Krakow, Poland
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Cyranka K, Klupa T, Pilecki M, Sarna-Palacz D, Juryk A, Storman D, Dudek D, Malecki MT, Matejko B. Diabetes distress and diabetes burnout explored in various areas of life in patients with type 1 diabetes: effect of short-term psychological intervention. Endocrine 2024:10.1007/s12020-024-03760-0. [PMID: 38448676 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-024-03760-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diabetes distress (DD) and diabetes burnout (DB) are recognized psychological phenomena in patients with T1DM (type 1 diabetes mellitus). Still, there is an urgent need to create professional psychological intervention procedures to provide patients with adequate care. AIM The aim of the study was to assess the level of DD and DB in T1DM patients at baseline and after 5 of sessions psychological intervention in the group of participants who applied for help. METHODS 34 T1DM patients who requested psychological support (22 females, 12 males) and 30 patients in a control group (14 females, 16 males) participated in the study. At baseline clinical test results between groups were compared. Next, in the studied group measurements were repeated after a set of five psychological face-to-face individual interventions which lasted 30-60 min each. They were support sessions with elements of cognitive-behavioral interventions done by clinical psychologists. Session 1: introduction, interview and collection of test results; session 2-4: work on the indicated by the patient and test results most problematic aspect of diabetes, session 5: a summary and plan for further treatment if needed. The control group results were obtained only at baseline. Research tools: DDS; PAID, Diabetes Burnout test by Polonsky. RESULTS At the baseline, significant differences were observed between the studied group and control group: in DB/DD levels: DB (3.9 ± 1.7 vs 2.4 ± 1.6; p < 0.001); DDS (3.2 ± 1.0 vs 2.7 ± 1.0; p = 0.064); PAID (62.3 ± 14.1vs 34.4 ± 21.0; p < 0.001). There were also group differences in HbA1c levels (8.7 ± 2.4 vs 7.3 ± 1.5; p = 0.028). After psychological interventions, there was a significant improvement in DB (3.9 ± 1.7vs 2.9 ± 1.2; p < 0.001; DDS (3.2 ± 1 vs 3.0 ± 0.7; p = 0.03); PAID (62.3 ± 14.1 vs 51.8 ± 12.5; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS DD and DB constitute a significant problem in the group of T1DM patients, but providing appropriate specialist care may help them accept diabetes and improve life satisfaction, as well as regain control over their diabetes management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Cyranka
- Department of Psychiatry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland.
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
- University Hospital in Krakow, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Klupa
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- University Hospital in Krakow, Kraków, Poland
| | - Maciej Pilecki
- Department of Psychiatry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
- University Hospital in Krakow, Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Andrzej Juryk
- Department of Psychiatry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
- University Hospital in Krakow, Kraków, Poland
| | - Dawid Storman
- University Hospital in Krakow, Kraków, Poland
- Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Hygiene and Dietetics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Polska
| | - Dominika Dudek
- Department of Psychiatry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
- University Hospital in Krakow, Kraków, Poland
| | - Maciej T Malecki
- University Hospital in Krakow, Kraków, Poland
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Matejko
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- University Hospital in Krakow, Kraków, Poland
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Paszek E, Polak M, Undas A. Elevated factor XI is associated with increased risk of recurrent cerebral venous sinus thrombosis: a cohort study. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2024; 57:402-407. [PMID: 38145433 PMCID: PMC10961281 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-023-02935-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) has no identified cause in 15% of cases. Elevated factors (F) VIII and FXI have been associated with thromboembolism, but data on CVST are limited. We hypothesized that elevated plasma FVIII and FXI predispose to first and recurrent CVST. In 50 CVST survivors aged < 60 years, following anticoagulant cessation and in 50 controls, we determined plasma FVIII and FXI, along with fibrin clot properties: lysis time, permeability, maximum D-dimer (D-Dmax), and maximum rate of D-dimer increase (D-Drate). We recorded CVST recurrence during a follow-up of 58.5 (55.0-60.0) months. Plasma FVIII was 22.7% higher in CVST than in controls, with elevated FVIII > 150% in 13 (26%) vs. 4 (8%) patients, respectively (p = 0.02). Median FXI tended to be higher in CVST vs. controls (110.5 [99.0-117-0]% vs. 104.5 [97.0-116.0]%, p = 0.07), while FXI > 120% was observed more commonly in the former group (12 [24%] vs. 4 [8%], respectively, p = 0.03). Patients with FVIII > 150% were less likely to achieve complete recanalization compared with the remainder (2 [15.4%] vs. 28 [75.7%], respectively; p < 0.001). Eight patients (16%) experienced CVST recurrence. They had higher baseline FXI, but not FVIII, as compared with the remainder (125.5 [114.5-140.0]% vs. 107.5 [102.0-117.0]%, respectively, p = 0.01). Patients with FXI > 120% were four times more likely to have recurrent CVST (5 [62.5%] vs. 7 [16.7%], respectively; p = 0.01). Plasma FXI > 120% could represent a novel risk factor for first and recurrent CVST. Given advances in anti-FXI agents, CVST might be another indication for this emerging treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Paszek
- Clinical Department of Interventional Cardiology, John Paul II Hospital, Krakow, 31-202, Poland
- Department of Thromboembolic Disorders, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 80 Pradnicka St, Krakow, 31-202, Poland
| | - Maciej Polak
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Studies, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anetta Undas
- Department of Thromboembolic Disorders, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 80 Pradnicka St, Krakow, 31-202, Poland.
- Krakow Center for Medical Research and Technologies, John Paul II Hospital, Krakow, 31-202, Poland.
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Janus A, Lustyk K, Pytka K. MK-801 and cognitive functions: Investigating the behavioral effects of a non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2023; 240:2435-2457. [PMID: 37725119 PMCID: PMC10640442 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-023-06454-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE MK-801 (dizocilpine) is a non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist originally explored for anticonvulsant potential. Despite its original purpose, its amnestic properties led to the development of pivotal models of various cognitive impairments widely employed in research and greatly impacting scientific progress. MK-801 offers several advantages; however, it also presents drawbacks, including inducing dose-dependent hyperlocomotion or ambiguous effects on anxiety, which can impact the interpretation of behavioral research results. OBJECTIVES The present review attempts to summarize and discuss the effects of MK-801 on different types of memory and cognitive functions in animal studies. RESULTS A plethora of behavioral research suggests that MK-801 can detrimentally impact cognitive functions. The specific effect of this compound is influenced by variables including developmental stage, gender, species, strain, and, crucially, the administered dose. Notably, when considering the undesirable effects of MK-801, doses up to 0.1 mg/kg were found not to induce stereotypy or hyperlocomotion. CONCLUSION Dizocilpine continues to be of significant importance in preclinical research, facilitating the exploration of various procognitive therapeutic agents. However, given its potential undesirable effects, it is imperative to meticulously determine the appropriate dosages and conduct supplementary evaluations for any undesirable outcomes, which could complicate the interpretation of the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Janus
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland
| | - Klaudia Lustyk
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland
| | - Karolina Pytka
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland.
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Roterman I, Stapor K, Konieczny L. Role of environmental specificity in CASP results. BMC Bioinformatics 2023; 24:425. [PMID: 37950210 PMCID: PMC10638730 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-023-05559-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, significant progress has been made in the field of protein structure prediction by the application of artificial intelligence techniques, as shown by the results of the CASP13 and CASP14 (Critical Assessment of Structure Prediction) competition. However, the question of the mechanism behind the protein folding process itself remains unanswered. Correctly predicting the structure also does not solve the problem of, for example, amyloid proteins, where a polypeptide chain with an unaltered sequence adopts a different 3D structure. RESULTS This work was an attempt at explaining the structural variation by considering the contribution of the environment to protein structuring. The application of the fuzzy oil drop (FOD) model to assess the validity of the selected models provided in the CASP13, CASP14 and CASP15 projects reveals the need for an environmental factor to determine the 3D structure of proteins. Consideration of the external force field in the form of polar water (Fuzzy Oil Drop) and a version modified by the presence of the hydrophobic compounds, FOD-M (FOD-Modified) reveals that the protein folding process is environmentally dependent. An analysis of selected models from the CASP competitions indicates the need for structure prediction as dependent on the consideration of the protein folding environment. CONCLUSIONS The conditions governed by the environment direct the protein folding process occurring in a certain environment. Therefore, the variation of the external force field should be taken into account in the models used in protein structure prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Roterman
- Department of Bioinformatics and Telemedicine, Jagiellonian University - Medical College, Medyczna 7, 30-688, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Stapor
- Faculty of Automatic, Electronics and Computer Science, Department of Applied, Informatics, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 16, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Leszek Konieczny
- Jagiellonian University - Medical College, Kopernika 7, 31-034, Krakow, Poland
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Kotańska M, Marcinkowska M, Kuder KJ, Walczak M, Bednarski M, Siwek A, Kołaczkowski M. Metabolic and cardiovascular benefits and risks of 4-hydroxy guanabenz hydrochloride: α 2-adrenoceptor and trace amine-associated receptor 1 ligand. Pharmacol Rep 2023; 75:1211-1229. [PMID: 37624466 PMCID: PMC10539439 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-023-00518-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND α2-adrenoceptor ligands have been investigated as potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of obesity. Our previous studies have shown that guanabenz reduces the body weight of obese rats, presumably through its anorectic action. This demonstrates an additional beneficial effect on selected metabolic parameters, including glucose levels. The purpose of this present research was to determine the activity of guanabenz's metabolite-4-hydroxy guanabenz hydrochloride (4-OH-Guanabenz). METHODS We performed in silico analyses, involving molecular docking to targets of specific interest as well as other potential biological targets. In vitro investigations were conducted to assess the selectivity profile of 4-OH-Guanabenz binding to α-adrenoceptors, along with intrinsic activity studies involving α2-adrenoceptors and trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1). Additionally, the effects of 4-OH-Guanabenz on the body weight of rats and selected metabolic parameters were evaluated using the diet-induced obesity model. Basic safety and pharmacokinetic parameters were also examined. RESULTS 4-OH-guanabenz is a partial agonist of α2A-adrenoceptor. The calculated EC50 value for it is 316.3 nM. It shows weak agonistic activity at TAAR1 too. The EC50 value for 4-OH-Guanabenz calculated after computer simulation is 330.6 µM. Its primary mode of action is peripheral. The penetration of 4-OH-Guanabenz into the brain is fast (tmax = 15 min), however, with a low maximum concentration of 64.5 ng/g. 4-OH-Guanabenz administered ip at a dose of 5 mg/kg b.w. to rats fed a high-fat diet causes a significant decrease in body weight (approximately 14.8% compared to the baseline weight before treatment), reduces the number of calories consumed by rats, and decreases plasma glucose and triglyceride levels. CONCLUSIONS The precise sequence of molecular events within the organism, linking the impact of 4-OH-Guanabenz on α2A-adrenoceptor and TAAR1 with weight reduction and the amelioration of metabolic disturbances, remains an unresolved matter necessitating further investigation. Undoubtedly, the fact that 4-OH-Guanabenz is a metabolite of a well-known drug has considerable importance, which is beneficial from an economic point of view and towards its further development as a drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Kotańska
- Department of Pharmacological Screening, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Monika Marcinkowska
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Kamil J. Kuder
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Maria Walczak
- Chair and Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marek Bednarski
- Department of Pharmacological Screening, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agata Siwek
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marcin Kołaczkowski
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
- Adamed Pharma Ltd, Czosnów, Poland
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Gajda M, Gajda P, Pac A, Gryglewska B, Wojnarski M, Różańska A, Lipińska-Tobiasz I, Wójkowska-Mach J. Post-discharge occurrence of surgical site infections after hip or knee arthroplasty surgery in Poland, a population-based study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15940. [PMID: 37743386 PMCID: PMC10518305 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43111-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Arthroplasty is a common procedure improving functioning of patients and their quality of life. Infection is a serious complication that determines subsequent management of the prosthesis and the patient. The aim of the study was to investigate the incidence of post-discharge surgical site infections (SSI) and their risk factors. A retrospective analysis of an anonymized database from the National Health Found for 2017 of 56,068 adult patients undergoing hip replacement surgery (HPRO) and 27,457 patients undergoing knee replacement surgery (KPRO). The cumulative incidence of post-discharge SSI was 0.92% for HPRO and 0.95% for KPRO. The main risk factors for hip SSI were male gender, diseases of hematopoietic, musculoskeletal and nervous system. The risk factor for knee SSI was male gender. All comorbidities significantly increased the risk of SSI. The ICU stay and antibiotics administered at discharge in studied population increased the risk of detection of SSI after HPRO and KPRO by up to four and seven times, respectively. For both procedures rehabilitation after surgery and total endoprosthesis decreased incidence of SSIs. The lower experience of the center was related to higher SSI incidence in HPRO in primary (1.5% vs. 0.9%) and in revision surgeries (3.8% vs. 2.1%), but in KPRO, lower experience only in primary surgeries was significantly associated with SSI. The cumulative incidence of post-discharge SSI in Poland is higher than in other European countries. Special attention should be paid to patients with chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Gajda
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Czysta 18 St., 31-121, Kraków, Poland.
- Doctoral School of Medical and Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Łazarza 16 St., 31-530, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Paulina Gajda
- Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Epidemiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 7 St., 31-034, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Pac
- Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Epidemiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 7 St., 31-034, Kraków, Poland
| | - Barbara Gryglewska
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gerontology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Jakubowskiego 2 St., 30-886, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marcin Wojnarski
- Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, St. Anna 12 St., 33-332, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Różańska
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Czysta 18 St., 31-121, Kraków, Poland
| | - Inga Lipińska-Tobiasz
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Hospital in Proszowice, Kopernika 13 St, 32-100, Proszowice, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Wójkowska-Mach
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Czysta 18 St., 31-121, Kraków, Poland
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Ciołczyk-Wierzbicka D, Krawczyk A, Zarzycka M, Zemanek G, Wierzbicki K. Three generations of mTOR kinase inhibitors in the activation of the apoptosis process in melanoma cells. J Cell Commun Signal 2023; 17:975-989. [PMID: 37097377 PMCID: PMC10409930 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-023-00748-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Many signaling pathways are involved in the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and this serine/threonine kinase regulates the most important cellular processes such as cell proliferation, autophagy, and apoptosis. The subject of this research was the effect of protein kinase inhibitors involved in the AKT, MEK, and mTOR kinase signaling pathways on the expression of pro-survival proteins, activity of caspase-3, proliferation, and induction of apoptosis in melanoma cells. The following inhibitors were used: protein kinase inhibitors such as AKT-MK-2206, MEK-AS-703026, mTOR-everolimus and Torkinib, as well as dual PI3K and mTOR inhibitor-BEZ-235 and Omipalisib, and mTOR1/2-OSI-027 inhibitor in single-mode and their combinations with MEK1/2 kinase inhibitor AS-703026. The obtained results confirm the synergistic effect of nanomolar concentrations of mTOR inhibitors, especially the dual PI3K and mTOR inhibitors (Omipalisib, BEZ-235) in combination with the MAP kinase inhibitor (AS-703026) in the activation of caspase 3, induction of apoptosis, and inhibition of proliferation in melanoma cell lines. Our previous and current studies confirm the importance of the mTOR signal transduction pathway in the neoplastic transformation process. Melanoma is a case of a very heterogeneous neoplasm, which causes great difficulties in treating this neoplasm in an advanced stage, and the standard approach to this topic does not bring the expected results. There is a need for research on the search for new therapeutic strategies aimed at particular groups of patients. Effect of three generations of mTOR kinase inhibitors on caspase-3 activity, apoptosis and proliferation in melanoma cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Ciołczyk-Wierzbicka
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Ul. Kopernika 7, 31-034, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Krawczyk
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Ul. Kopernika 7, 31-034, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marta Zarzycka
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Ul. Kopernika 7, 31-034, Kraków, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Zemanek
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Ul. Kopernika 7, 31-034, Kraków, Poland
| | - Karol Wierzbicki
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantology, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University, John Paul II Hospital, Ul. Prądnicka 80, 31-202, Kraków, Poland
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Holko P, Kawalec P, Sajak-Szczerba M, Avedano L, Mossakowska M. Out-of-pocket expenses of patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a comparison of patient-reported outcomes across 12 European countries. Eur J Health Econ 2023; 24:1073-1083. [PMID: 36261612 PMCID: PMC10406674 DOI: 10.1007/s10198-022-01536-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a high variability of out-of-packet patient costs of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), but the issue is not widely recognised. Therefore, we compared patient costs of IBDs between 12 European countries. METHODS A questionnaire-based study was conducted among adult patients with IBD. Data on patient characteristics and out-of-pocket expenses were anonymously collected. Ordered logit regression models were used to analyse the responses provided by patients. The results were adjusted for confounders and multiplicity. RESULTS The questionnaires obtained from 3687 patients were analysed. Patients with comorbidities and active disease indicated higher out-of-pocket expenses than those without comorbidities and with disease in remission, respectively. Compared with other IBD, patients with ulcerative colitis indicated higher expenses on medications prescribed or recommended by physicians [odds ratio (OR) 1.99, 95% CI 1.48-2.67]. Expenses on dietary supplements, special diet or equipment, ostomy pouches, and transportation to a medical facility differed slightly between patients at different ages and were lower among men than among women (OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.54-0.93). The expenses differed significantly between countries. An adjusted mean patient cost per month varied from €77 (patient with Crohn disease in remission from Denmark) to €376 (patient with active ulcerative colitis from Romania). Compared with active disease, patients with IBD in remission had a lower out-of-pocket cost by 29-62% (€10-€22 monthly; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The study revealed a high relevance of the out-of-pocket cost of IBD in the context of economic evaluation and a high variability of the cost between countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Przemysław Holko
- Department of Nutrition and Drug Research, Institute of Public Health, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Skawińska 8, 31-066 Krakow, Poland
| | - Paweł Kawalec
- Department of Nutrition and Drug Research, Institute of Public Health, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Skawińska 8, 31-066 Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Sajak-Szczerba
- European Federation of Crohn’s and Ulcerative Colitis Associations, Brussels, Belgium
- Polish Association Supporting People With Inflammatory Bowel Disease “J-Elita”, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Luisa Avedano
- European Federation of Crohn’s and Ulcerative Colitis Associations, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Małgorzata Mossakowska
- Polish Association Supporting People With Inflammatory Bowel Disease “J-Elita”, Warsaw, Poland
- International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland
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Paszek E, Malinowski KP, Ząbczyk M, Butenas S, Undas A. Elevated factor XIa as a modulator of plasma fibrin clot properties in coronary artery disease. Eur J Clin Invest 2023; 53:e14007. [PMID: 37042848 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) display a prothrombotic fibrin clot phenotype, involving low permeability and resistance to lysis. The determinants of this phenotype remain elusive. Circulating tissue factor (TF) and activated factor XI (FXIa) are linked to arterial thromboembolism. We investigated whether detectable active TF and FXIa influence fibrin clot properties in CAD. METHODS In 118 CAD patients (median age 65 years, 78% men), we assessed Ks, an indicator of clot permeability, and clot lysis time (CLT) in plasma-based assays, along with the presence of active TF and FXIa. We also analysed proteins involved in clotting and thrombolysis, including fibrinogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and thrombin activatable thrombolysis inhibitor (TAFI). During a median 106 month (interquartile range 95-119) follow-up, myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, systemic thromboembolism (SE) and cardiovascular (CV) death were recorded. RESULTS Circulating TF and FXIa, detected in 20.3% and 39.8% of patients, respectively, were associated with low Ks and prolonged CLT. Solely FXIa remained an independent predictor of low Ks and high CLT on multivariable analysis. Additionally, fibrinogen and PAI-1 were associated with low Ks, while PAI-1 and TAFI-with prolonged CLT. During follow-up low Ks and prolonged CLT increased the risk of MI and the latter also a composite endpoint of MI, stroke/SE or CV death. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this study is the first to show that circulating FXIa is associated with prothrombotic fibrin clot properties in CAD, suggesting additional mechanisms through which FXIa inhibitors could act as novel antithrombotic agents in CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Paszek
- Clinical Department of Interventional Cardiology, John Paul II Hospital, Krakow, Poland
- Department of Thromboembolic Disorders, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Krzysztof P Malinowski
- Department of Bioinformatics and Telemedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- Center for Digital Medicine and Robotics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Michał Ząbczyk
- Department of Thromboembolic Disorders, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- Krakow Center for Medical Research and Technologies, John Paul II Hospital, Krakow, Poland
| | - Saulius Butenas
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Anetta Undas
- Department of Thromboembolic Disorders, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- Krakow Center for Medical Research and Technologies, John Paul II Hospital, Krakow, Poland
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Wróbel A, Barańska I, Szklarczyk J, Majda A, Jaworek J. Relationship between perceived stress, stress coping strategies, and clinical status in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatol Int 2023; 43:1665-1674. [PMID: 37332014 PMCID: PMC10348977 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-023-05367-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Coping with a chronic disease such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) involves significant changes in life and promotes stressful situations. The inability to cope with stress can contribute to the lack of effectiveness of therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between perceived stress, coping strategies, and the clinical status of RA patients determined by C-reactive protein (CRP) and Disease Activity Score (DAS28). 165 subjects were studied, 84 of them had RA and the rest were controls. Standardised questionnaires were used: the Inventory for the Measurement of Coping Strategies (Mini-COPE) and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10). A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic data. The blood levels of protein CRP and cortisol were determined. DAS28 was obtained from medical records. The study was cross-sectional. The mean severity of perceived stress PSS-10 was not significantly different between the control and study groups. RA patients most often used coping strategies such as active coping, planning, and acceptance. Compared to the control group, they used the strategy of turning to religion significantly more often (1.8 vs 1.4; p = 0.012). Women with RA who had higher cortisol levels were more likely to use positive reevaluation, seeking emotional support and instrumental support, as well as the denial strategy. In men with RA, high stress was associated with twice as high CRP levels compared to patients with low stress (p = 0.038). As the levels of CRP protein levels (p = 0.009) and the DAS28 index (p = 0.005) increased, patients were more likely to use a denial strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldona Wróbel
- Laboratory of Nursing Theory and Fundamentals, Institute of Nursing and Midwifey, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Michałowskiego 12 Street, 31-126, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Ilona Barańska
- Laboratory for Research On Aging Society, Department of Sociology of Medicine, The Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Szklarczyk
- Department of Medical Physiology, Institute of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Majda
- Laboratory of Nursing Theory and Fundamentals, Institute of Nursing and Midwifey, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Michałowskiego 12 Street, 31-126, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jolanta Jaworek
- Department of Medical Physiology, Institute of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
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Pałka A, Kujawska A, Hareza DA, Gajda M, Wordliczek J, Jachowicz-Matczak E, Owsianka I, Żółtowska B, Chmielarczyk A, Romaniszyn D, I GM, Wójkowska-Mach J. Secondary bacterial infections & extensively drug-resistant bacteria among COVID-19 hospitalized patients at the University Hospital in Kraków. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2023; 22:77. [PMID: 37620874 PMCID: PMC10463524 DOI: 10.1186/s12941-023-00625-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Healthcare-associated infections (HAI) and bacterial antimicrobial resistance posed a therapeutic risk during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The aim of this study was to analyze the HAIs in COVID-19 patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and non-ICU at the University Hospital in Krakow (UHK) with an emphasis on the susceptibility of the most frequently isolated pathogens and the prevalence of extensively drug resistant (XDR) microorganisms. METHODS This laboratory-based study was carried out at the University Hospital in Krakow in the ICU and non-ICUs dedicated to COVID-19 patients between May 2021 and January 2022. All isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae were analyzed using PFGE protocol. RESULTS 292 independent HAI cases were identified, with the predominance of urinary tract infections (UTI), especially in the non-ICU setting. The most common ICU syndrome was pneumonia (PNA). The prevalence of XDR organisms was 22.6% in the ICU and 14.8% in non-ICUs among all isolates. The incidence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae infection was 24.8 cases per 10,000 hospitalizations and the carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii infection incidence was 208.8 cases per 10,000 hospitalizations. The prevalence of XDR strains was highest in Acinetobacter spp, in PNA cases. The PFGE typing demonstrated that almost all XDR strains varied widely from each other. CONCLUSIONS In this study, there was a high incidence of HAI in COVID-19 patients, especially when compared to Western Europe and the United States. Similarly, the prevalence of XDR microorganisms, especially XDR-A.baumannii, was also high. PFGE did not confirm the horizontal spread of any organism strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pałka
- Department of Microbiology, University Hospital in Krakow, ul. Jakubowskiego 2, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - A Kujawska
- Department of Microbiology, University Hospital in Krakow, ul. Jakubowskiego 2, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - D A Hareza
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 1830 E Monument St, 4th Floor, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - M Gajda
- Chair of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Czysta 18, 31-121, Kraków, Poland
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. św. Anny 12, 31- 008, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jerzy Wordliczek
- Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Clinical Department, University Hospital in Krakow, ul. Jakubowskiego 2, 30- 688, Kraków, Poland
| | - E Jachowicz-Matczak
- Chair of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Czysta 18, 31-121, Kraków, Poland
| | - I Owsianka
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. św. Anny 12, 31- 008, Kraków, Poland
| | - B Żółtowska
- Department of Microbiology, University Hospital in Krakow, ul. Jakubowskiego 2, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - A Chmielarczyk
- Chair of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Czysta 18, 31-121, Kraków, Poland
| | - D Romaniszyn
- Chair of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Czysta 18, 31-121, Kraków, Poland
| | - Gregorczyk-Maga I
- Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Montelupich 4, 31-155, Kraków, Poland
| | - J Wójkowska-Mach
- Chair of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Czysta 18, 31-121, Kraków, Poland.
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Dziedzic R, Zaręba L, Iwaniec T, Kubicka-Trząska A, Romanowska-Dixon B, Bazan-Socha S, Dropiński J. High prevalence of thrombophilic risk factors in patients with central retinal artery occlusion. Thromb J 2023; 21:81. [PMID: 37507715 PMCID: PMC10386273 DOI: 10.1186/s12959-023-00525-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is a common cause of blindness and visual morbidity. In the majority of cases, it is related to thrombotic embolism. Nevertheless, the role of inherited or acquired thrombophilic risk factors in CRAO pathogenesis has not been comprehensively studied. METHODS In 126 CRAO patients (66 [52.4%] men, median age 55 [range: 18-80] years) and 107 matched controls (56 [52.3%] men, median age 53 [range: 34-78] years) we evaluated classical atherosclerotic risk factors, including serum lipid profile and glucose level, analyzed intima-media complex thickness (IMT) of external carotid arteries, and performed transthoracic echocardiography. Furthermore, we established the prevalence of inherited and acquired thrombophilic risk factors, such as factor V Leiden (FVL) and prothrombin 20210 G/A genetic variants, plasma activity of factor (F) VIII, protein C and antithrombin activity, and free protein S levels. We also assessed the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (APLA) and evaluated blood homocysteine in all enrolled subjects. Additionally, we estimated the occurrence of Val34Leu polymorphism of the A subunit of coagulation factor XIII (FXIII-A) in both groups as a potential thrombosis-protecting factor. RESULTS Among traditional atherosclerotic risk components, obesity/overweight and hypercholesterolemia were the most common in the CRAO group and occurred in 103 (81.7%) and 85 (67.5%) patients, respectively. CRAO patients also had elevated IMT and altered echocardiographic parameters, indicating diastolic cardiac dysfunction. In thrombophilia investigations, at least one laboratory risk factor occurred in 72.2% (n = 91) of CRAO patients, with APLA as the most frequent, detected in 38.1% (n = 48) of them (almost seven times more frequent than in controls, p < 0.001). Deficiencies in protein C activity and free protein S levels were also common in the CRAO group, reported in 17.5% (n = 22) and 19.8% (n = 25) of patients, respectively. Interestingly, among two analyzed prothrombotic genetic variants, only the FVL was related to CRAO, with the allelic frequency 2.4 times more prevalent than in controls (p = 0.044). Finally, the CRAO group was characterized by hyperhomocysteinemia, almost twice as common as in controls (p = 0.026). Antithrombin deficiency, elevated FVIII, and FXIII-A Val34Leu polymorphism were not associated with CRAO. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that thrombophilia plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of CRAO. Thus, proper laboratory screening should be considered in the primary and secondary prevention of those episodes, with implementing appropriate therapy as needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radosław Dziedzic
- Doctoral School of Medical and Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Łazarza 16, Krakow, 31-530, Poland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Jakubowskiego 2, Krakow, 30-688, Poland
| | - Lech Zaręba
- College of Natural Sciences, Institute of Computer Science, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1, Rzeszow, 35-310, Poland
| | - Teresa Iwaniec
- Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 17, Krakow, 31-501, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kubicka-Trząska
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinic of Ophthalmology and Ocular Oncology of University Hospital, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 38, Krakow, 31-501, Poland
| | - Bożena Romanowska-Dixon
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinic of Ophthalmology and Ocular Oncology of University Hospital, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 38, Krakow, 31-501, Poland
| | - Stanisława Bazan-Socha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Jakubowskiego 2, Krakow, 30-688, Poland
| | - Jerzy Dropiński
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Jakubowskiego 2, Krakow, 30-688, Poland.
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Ząbczyk M, Natorska J, Matusik PT, Mołek P, Wojciechowska W, Rajzer M, Rajtar-Salwa R, Tokarek T, Lenart-Migdalska A, Olszowska M, Undas A. Neutrophil-activating Peptide 2 as a Novel Modulator of Fibrin Clot Properties in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation. Transl Stroke Res 2023:10.1007/s12975-023-01165-1. [PMID: 37294500 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-023-01165-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophil-activating peptide 2 (NAP-2, CXCL7), a platelet-derived neutrophil chemoattractant, is involved in inflammation. We investigated associations between NAP-2 levels, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation, and fibrin clot properties in atrial fibrillation (AF). We recruited 237 consecutive patients with AF (mean age, 68 ± 11 years; median CHA2DS2VASc score of 3 [2-4]) and 30 apparently healthy controls. Plasma NAP-2 concentrations were measured, along with plasma fibrin clot permeability (Ks) and clot lysis time (CLT), thrombin generation, citrullinated histone H3 (citH3), as a marker of NETs formation, and 3-nitrotyrosine reflecting oxidative stress. NAP-2 levels were 89% higher in AF patients than in controls (626 [448-796] vs. 331 [226-430] ng/ml; p < 0.0001). NAP-2 levels were not associated with demographics, CHA2DS2-VASc score, or the AF manifestation. Patients with NAP-2 in the top quartile (> 796 ng/ml) were characterized by higher neutrophil count (+ 31.7%), fibrinogen (+ 20.8%), citH3 (+ 86%), and 3-nitrotyrosine (+ 111%) levels, along with 20.2% reduced Ks and 8.4% prolonged CLT as compared to the remaining subjects (all p < 0.05). NAP-2 levels were positively associated with fibrinogen in AF patients (r = 0.41, p = 0.0006) and controls (r = 0.65, p < 0.01), along with citH3 (r = 0.36, p < 0.0001) and 3-nitrotyrosine (r = 0.51, p < 0.0001) in the former group. After adjustment for fibrinogen, higher citH3 (per 1 ng/ml β = -0.046, 95% CI -0.029; -0.064) and NAP-2 (per 100 ng/ml β = -0.21, 95% CI -0.14; -0.28) levels were independently associated with reduced Ks. Elevated NAP-2, associated with increased oxidative stress, has been identified as a novel modulator of prothrombotic plasma fibrin clot properties in patients with AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Ząbczyk
- Department of Thromboembolic Disorders, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Pradnicka 80, 31-202, Krakow, Poland
- Krakow Centre for Medical Research and Technologies, the John Paul II Hospital, Pradnicka 80, Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Natorska
- Department of Thromboembolic Disorders, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Pradnicka 80, 31-202, Krakow, Poland
- Krakow Centre for Medical Research and Technologies, the John Paul II Hospital, Pradnicka 80, Krakow, Poland
| | - Paweł T Matusik
- Institute of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Pradnicka 80, Kraków, Poland
- Department of Electrocardiology, the John Paul II Hospital, Pradnicka 80, Kraków, Poland
| | - Patrycja Mołek
- Krakow Centre for Medical Research and Technologies, the John Paul II Hospital, Pradnicka 80, Krakow, Poland
| | - Wiktoria Wojciechowska
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Interventional Electrocardiology and Arterial Hypertension, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Jakubowskiego 2, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marek Rajzer
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Interventional Electrocardiology and Arterial Hypertension, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Jakubowskiego 2, Kraków, Poland
| | - Renata Rajtar-Salwa
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, University Hospital, Jakubowskiego 2, Krakow, Poland
| | - Tomasz Tokarek
- Center for Invasive Cardiology, Electrotherapy and Angiology, Kilinskiego 68, Nowy Sacz, Poland
- Center for Innovative Medical Education, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, Krakow, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Lenart-Migdalska
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, John Paul II Hospital, Pradnicka 80, Kraków, Poland
| | - Maria Olszowska
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, John Paul II Hospital, Pradnicka 80, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anetta Undas
- Department of Thromboembolic Disorders, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Pradnicka 80, 31-202, Krakow, Poland.
- Krakow Centre for Medical Research and Technologies, the John Paul II Hospital, Pradnicka 80, Krakow, Poland.
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Starowicz G, Siodłak D, Nowak G, Mlyniec K. The role of GPR39 zinc receptor in the modulation of glutamatergic and GABAergic transmission. Pharmacol Rep 2023; 75:609-622. [PMID: 36997827 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-023-00478-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite our poor understanding of the pathophysiology of depression, a growing body of evidence indicates the role of both glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) signaling behind the effects of rapid-acting antidepressants (RAADs). GPR39 is a zinc-sensing receptor whose activation leads to a prolonged antidepressant-like response in mice. Both GPR39 and zinc can modulate glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission, however, exact molecular mechanisms are still elusive. In this study, we aimed to research the role of glutamatergic and GABAergic system activation in TC-G 1008 antidepressant-like effects and the disruptions in this effect caused by a low-zinc diet. METHODS In the first part of our study, we investigated the role of joint administration of the GPR39 agonist (TC-G 1008) and ligands of the glutamatergic or GABAergic systems, in antidepressant-like response. To evaluate animal behaviour we used the forced swim test in mice. In the second part of the study, we assessed the effectiveness of TC-G 1008-induced antidepressant-like response in conditions of decreased dietary zinc intake and its molecular underpinning by conducting a Western Blot analysis of selected proteins involved in glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission. RESULTS The TC-G 1008-induced effect was blocked by the administration of NMDA or picrotoxin. The joint administration of TC-G 1008 along with muscimol or SCH50911 showed a trend toward decreased immobility time. Zinc-deficient diet resulted in dysregulation of GluN1, PSD95, and KCC2 protein expression. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate the important role of glutamate/GABA signaling in the antidepressant-like effect of TC-G 1008 and imply that GPR39 regulates the balance between excitatory and inhibitory activity in the brain. Thus, we suggest the zinc-sensing receptor be considered an interesting new target for the development of novel antidepressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Starowicz
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland
| | - Dominika Siodłak
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland
| | - Gabriel Nowak
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland
- Laboratory of Trace Elements Neurobiology, Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smetna Street 12, 31-343, Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Mlyniec
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland.
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Stary D, Bajda M. Taurine and Creatine Transporters as Potential Drug Targets in Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043788. [PMID: 36835201 PMCID: PMC9964810 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells are characterized by uncontrolled growth, proliferation, and impaired apoptosis. Tumour progression could be related to poor prognosis and due to this fact, researchers have been working on novel therapeutic strategies and antineoplastic agents. It is known that altered expression and function of solute carrier proteins from the SLC6 family could be associated with severe diseases, including cancers. These proteins were noticed to play important physiological roles through transferring nutrient amino acids, osmolytes, neurotransmitters, and ions, and many of them are necessary for survival of the cells. Herein, we present the potential role of taurine (SLC6A6) and creatine (SLC6A8) transporters in cancer development as well as therapeutic potential of their inhibitors. Experimental data indicate that overexpression of analyzed proteins could be connected with colon or breast cancers, which are the most common types of cancers. The pool of known inhibitors of these transporters is limited; however, one ligand of SLC6A8 protein is currently tested in the first phase of clinical trials. Therefore, we also highlight structural aspects useful for ligand development. In this review, we discuss SLC6A6 and SLC6A8 transporters as potential biological targets for anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Stary
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688 Cracow, Poland
- Doctoral School of Medical and Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, św. Łazarza 16 St., 31-530 Cracow, Poland
| | - Marek Bajda
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688 Cracow, Poland
- Correspondence:
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Skalniak A, Krzyściak W, Śmierciak N, Szwajca M, Donicz P, Kozicz T, Pilecki M. Immunological routine laboratory parameters at admission influence the improvement of positive symptoms in schizophrenia patients after pharmacological treatment. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1082135. [PMID: 37032951 PMCID: PMC10073498 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1082135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The standard care of schizophrenia patients is based on the assessment of their psychotic behavior, using interview-based, subjective scales that measure symptoms severity. We aimed at defining easily accessible and inexpensive blood-derived clinical diagnostic parameters that might serve as objective markers in the prediction of the effects of pharmacological treatment of schizophrenia patients. Methods A total of 40 patients with schizophrenia diagnosis according to ICD 10 during psychotic decompensation were included in the study. Blood-based biochemical parameters, BMI and interview-based medical scales of symptom severity were determined - all at admission and after 12 weeks of standard pharmacological treatment. Results The drops in scale values were correlated with clinical parameters. All scale changes after treatment were dependent on the value of the given scale at admission, with higher initial values leading to larger drops of the values after treatment. Models based on those correlations were significantly improved when immune and metabolism parameters were included. C4 complement and C-reactive protein (CRP) level at admission were predictive of changes in Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) subscales related to significant disruption of thought processes, reality testing and disorganization. The pharmacological treatment-driven changes in scales representing negative symptoms were correlated with markers of the patients' thyroid status and metabolism. Discussion We show that objective markers can be obtained by testing immune and metabolic parameters from the patients' blood and may be added at a low cost to the standard care of schizophrenia patients in order to predict the outcome of pharmacological treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Skalniak
- Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Wirginia Krzyściak
- Department of Medical Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
- *Correspondence: Wirginia Krzyściak,
| | - Natalia Śmierciak
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marta Szwajca
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Paulina Donicz
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Tamas Kozicz
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Maciej Pilecki
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
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Harańczyk M, Konieczyńska M, Płazak W. Continuous positive airway pressure treatment in sleep apnea: patient compliance and impact on the right heart. Sleep Biol Rhythms 2022; 20:65-72. [PMID: 38469074 PMCID: PMC10897640 DOI: 10.1007/s41105-021-00340-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is considered to be an important predisposing factor for cardiovascular diseases. The main objective of this study was to investigate the impact of CPAP treatment on cardiac structure and function and to assess patient compliance over a long-term course of CPAP treatment. A total of 50 patients diagnosed with moderate-to-severe OSAS based on overnight study, without relevant concomitant diseases were enrolled. Patient compliance, along with echocardiographic and CPAP parameters, was assessed. The average time to follow-up was 38 ± 4.2 months. An increase in tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) (22.1 ± 4.3-25.5 ± 4.6 mm, p = 0.005) and peak early systolic tricuspid annular velocity (S') (14 ± 3.2-17.2 ± 5.2 cm/s, p = 0.005) after CPAP treatment was noted. In patients without CPAP, no significant change in right ventricular (RV) contractility was found. There were no significant differences regarding right atrial (RA) and RV diameters, as well as tricuspid regurgitant peak gradient (TRPG) in both groups; however, a predisposition to increased RA size along with RV and tricuspid annulus diameters was revealed. The mean duration of nightly CPAP use was 3 ± 2.3 h/night in all-day analysis and 4.7 ± 2.1 h/night on days with device usage. The non-adherence rate was 57%. The use of effective CPAP therapy may lead to increased RV systolic function in patients with OSAS in long-term observation. However, long-term patient compliance is generally poor. Regardless of CPAP therapy, a gradual increase in heart size is observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Harańczyk
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine, John Paul 2nd Hospital, Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Wojciech Płazak
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, John Paul 2nd Hospital, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Prądnicka Str 80, 31-202 Kraków, Poland
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Konstanty-Kalandyk J, Kędziora A, Mazur P, Litwinowicz R, Kapelak B, Piątek J. Bilateral internal thoracic artery use in two-vessel disease does not increase the perioperative risk-A propensity score matched analysis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0261176. [PMID: 34937067 PMCID: PMC8694429 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bilateral internal thoracic arteries (BITA) are uncommonly used in the every-day practice due to safety concerns and technical challenges with Y-grafts. We hypothesized that in-situ BITA use during coronary artery by-pass grafting (CABG) for two vessel disease is equally safe to standard strategy with left internal thoracic artery-left anterior descending artery revascularization and venous graft to other target vessels. Methods A propensity score matched analysis was used to compare elective on-pump CABG patients who received in-situ BITA (BITA-group), versus left internal thoracic artery graft to the left anterior descending artery plus vein (SITA-group). Primary end points were 30-days all-cause-mortality, major adverse cardiac events and incidents and deep sternal wound infections. Results A total of 50 matched pairs (c-statistics 0.769) were selected from patients operated on between January 2015 and April 2020 using BITA (n = 50) and SITA (n = 2170). There were no inter-group differences in demographics and basic clinical characteristics. The total operation time was longer in the BITA-group (4.0 vs 3.6 hours; p = 0.004). The rate of complete revascularization was similar, as was median aortic cross-clamp time, median extracorporeal circulation time, rate of re-explorations for bleeding, deep sternal wound infections or length of stay. One patient died in BITA group, 3 days after surgery, from a non-cardiac cause. After 36 months, the survival rate was 98% for BITA-group and 96% for controls (log-rank, p = 0.577). Conclusions In-situ use of BITA during coronary revascularization for two-vessel disease is as safe and effective, as use of single ITA and vein graft. In-situ strategy abolishes allows to avoid the technically demanding composite graft configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janusz Konstanty-Kalandyk
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantology, John Paul II Hospital, Krakow, Poland
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Institute of Cardiology, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Kędziora
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantology, John Paul II Hospital, Krakow, Poland
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Institute of Cardiology, Krakow, Poland
- * E-mail:
| | - Piotr Mazur
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Institute of Cardiology, Krakow, Poland
| | - Radosław Litwinowicz
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantology, John Paul II Hospital, Krakow, Poland
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Institute of Cardiology, Krakow, Poland
| | - Bogusław Kapelak
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantology, John Paul II Hospital, Krakow, Poland
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Institute of Cardiology, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jacek Piątek
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantology, John Paul II Hospital, Krakow, Poland
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Bugała K, Rubiś P, Hołda MK, Konieczyńska M, Bijak P, Płazak W. Mitral regurgitation severity dynamic during acute decompensated heart failure treatment. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2021; 38:10.1007/s10554-021-02495-7. [PMID: 34939153 DOI: 10.1007/s10554-021-02495-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) treatment leads to significant hemodynamic changes. The aim of our study was to quantitatively analyze the dynamics of mitral regurgitation (MR) severity (evaluated by transthoracic echocardiography) which occur during the treatment of ADHF and to correlate these changes with the clinical condition of patients as well as heart failure biochemical markers. The study included 27 consecutive adult patients (40.7% females, mean age 71.19 ± 11.2 years) who required hospitalization due to signs of acute HF. Echocardiographic assessment was performed upon admission and discharge together with clinical and laboratory evaluation. Significant reduction in dyspnea intensity [0-100 scale] (81.48 ± 9.07 vs. 45.00 ± 11.04 pts, p < 0.001), body weight (84.98 ± 18.52 vs. 79.77 ± 17.49 kg, p < 0.001), and NT-proBNP level (7520.56 ± 5288.62 vs. 4949.88 ± 3687.86 pg/ml, p = 0.001) was found. The severity of MR parameters decreased significantly (MR volume 44.92 ± 22.83 vs. 30.88 ± 18.77 ml, p < 0.001; EROA 0.37 ± 0.17 vs. 0.25 ± 0.16 cm2, p < 0.001; VC 6.21 ± 1.48 vs. 5.26 ± 1.61 mm, p < 0.001). Left atrial area (35.86 ± 9.11 vs. 32.47 ± 9.37, p < 0.001) and mitral annular diameter (42.33 ± 6.63 vs. 39.72 ± 5.05. p < 0.001) also underwent statistically significant reductions. An increase in LVEF was observed (34.73 ± 13.88 vs. 40.24 ± 13.19%, p < 0.001). In 40.7% of patients, a change in MR severity class (transition from a higher class to a lower one) was observed: 6/8 (75%) patients transitioned from severe to moderate and 6/18 (33.3%) patients transitioned from moderate to mild class. Treatment of ADHF leads to a significant reduction in MR severity, together with significant reductions in left atrial and mitral annular dimensions. Quantitative measurement of MR dynamics offer valuable assistance for ADHF management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Bugała
- Department of Diagnostics, John Paul II Hospital, Kraków, Poland
| | - Paweł Rubiś
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College, John Paul II Hospital in Kraków, ul. Prądnicka 80, 31-202, Kraków, Poland
| | - Mateusz K Hołda
- HEART - Heart Embryology and Anatomy Research Team, Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Piotr Bijak
- Department of Diagnostics, John Paul II Hospital, Kraków, Poland
| | - Wojciech Płazak
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College, John Paul II Hospital in Kraków, ul. Prądnicka 80, 31-202, Kraków, Poland.
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Malinowska-Lipień I, Micek A, Gabryś T, Kózka M, Gajda K, Gniadek A, Brzostek T, Squires A. Nurses and physicians attitudes towards factors related to hospitalized patient safety. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260926. [PMID: 34874957 PMCID: PMC8651112 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The attitudes of healthcare staff towards patients' safety, including awareness of the risk for adverse events, are significant elements of an organization's safety culture. AIM OF RESEARCH To evaluate nurses and physicians' attitudes towards factors influencing hospitalized patient safety. MATERIALS AND METHODS The research included 606 nurses and 527 physicians employed in surgical and medical wards in 21 Polish hospitals around the country. The Polish adaptation of the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (SAQ) was used to evaluate the factors influencing attitudes towards patient safety. RESULTS Both nurses and physicians scored highest in stress recognition (SR) (71.6 and 80.86), while they evaluated working conditions (WC) the lowest (45.82 and 52,09). Nurses achieved statistically significantly lower scores compared to physicians in every aspect of the safety attitudes evaluation (p<0.05). The staff working in surgical wards obtained higher scores within stress recognition (SR) compared to the staff working in medical wards (78.12 vs. 73.72; p = 0.001). Overall, positive working conditions and effective teamwork can contribute to improving employees' attitudes towards patient safety. CONCLUSIONS The results help identify unit level vulnerabilities associated with staff attitudes toward patient safety. They underscore the importance of management strategies that account for staff coping with occupational stressors to improve patient safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Malinowska-Lipień
- Institute of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University–Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Micek
- Institute of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University–Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Teresa Gabryś
- Institute of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University–Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Maria Kózka
- Institute of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University–Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Gajda
- Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University–Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Gniadek
- Institute of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University–Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Tomasz Brzostek
- Institute of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University–Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Allison Squires
- Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, New York, United States of America
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Roterman I, Stapor K, Fabian P, Konieczny L. In Silico Modeling of the Influence of Environment on Amyloid Folding Using FOD-M Model. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10587. [PMID: 34638925 PMCID: PMC8508659 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of the environment in amyloid formation based on the fuzzy oil drop model (FOD) is discussed here. This model assumes that the hydrophobicity distribution within a globular protein is consistent with a 3D Gaussian (3DG) distribution. Such a distribution is interpreted as the idealized effect of the presence of a polar solvent-water. A chain with a sequence of amino acids (which are bipolar molecules) determined by evolution recreates a micelle-like structure with varying accuracy. The membrane, which is a specific environment with opposite characteristics to the polar aquatic environment, directs the hydrophobic residues towards the surface. The modification of the FOD model to the FOD-M form takes into account the specificity of the cell membrane. It consists in "inverting" the 3DG distribution (complementing the Gaussian distribution), which expresses the exposure of hydrophobic residues on the surface. It turns out that the influence of the environment for any protein (soluble or membrane-anchored) is the result of a consensus factor expressing the participation of the polar environment and the "inverted" environment. The ratio between the proportion of the aqueous and the "reversed" environment turns out to be a characteristic property of a given protein, including amyloid protein in particular. The structure of amyloid proteins has been characterized in the context of prion, intrinsically disordered, and other non-complexing proteins to cover a wider spectrum of molecules with the given characteristics based on the FOD-M model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Roterman
- Department of Bioinformatics and Telemedicine, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 7, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Stapor
- Institute of Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 16, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (K.S.); (P.F.)
| | - Piotr Fabian
- Institute of Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 16, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (K.S.); (P.F.)
| | - Leszek Konieczny
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Kopernika 7, 31-034 Kraków, Poland;
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Kowalczyk P, Majewska-Szczepanik M, Strzępa A, Biała D, Szczepanik M. Diet-induced obesity aggravates NK cell-mediated contact hypersensitivity reaction in Rag1 -/- mice. Contact Dermatitis 2021; 85:307-316. [PMID: 33899952 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies showed that natural killer (NK) cells mediate contact hypersensitivity (CHS) reaction. Many reports are showing that obesity promotes several inflammatory diseases. It was shown that diet-induced obesity (DIO) aggravates classical T cell-mediated CHS in mice. OBJECTIVES To determine whether the high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity modulates antigen-specific NK cell-mediated response. METHODS We evaluated the effect of DIO on NK cell-mediated CHS reaction using a model of dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB)-induced CHS in Rag1-/- mice. RESULTS Rag1-/- mice fed HFD for 8 but not for 4 weeks developed aggravated CHS reaction determined by ear swelling measurement when compared to animals kept on normal diet (ND) prior to DNFB sensitization. The obese Rag1-/- mice presented the adipose tissue inflammation. Furthermore, in vitro analysis showed that feeding with HFD significantly increases interferon γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin (IL)-12p70 and decreases adiponectin concentration in liver mononuclear cell (LMNC) culture supernatants. The flow cytometry analysis of LMNC revealed that HFD treatment prior to DNFB sensitization increases the percentage of NK1.1+ IFN-γ+ cell population and affects the development and maturation of NK1.1+ cells. CONCLUSIONS In summary, current results suggest that the DIO significantly modulates the local and systemic inflammatory response, contributing to exacerbation of the CHS response mediated by liver NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Kowalczyk
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Monika Majewska-Szczepanik
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Strzępa
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Dominika Biała
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marian Szczepanik
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
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Głuch-Lutwin M, Sałaciak K, Gawalska A, Jamrozik M, Sniecikowska J, Newman-Tancredi A, Kołaczkowski M, Pytka K. The selective 5-HT 1A receptor biased agonists, F15599 and F13714, show antidepressant-like properties after a single administration in the mouse model of unpredictable chronic mild stress. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2021; 238:2249-2260. [PMID: 33973045 PMCID: PMC8292235 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-021-05849-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The prevalence of depression is ever-increasing throughout the population. However, available treatments are ineffective in around one-third of patients and there is a need for more effective and safer drugs. OBJECTIVES The antidepressant-like and procognitive effects of the "biased agonists" F15599 (also known as NLX-101) which preferentially targets postsynaptic 5-HT1A receptors and F13714, which targets 5-HT1A autoreceptors, were investigated in mice. METHODS Antidepressant-like properties of the compounds and their effect on cognitive functions were assessed using the forced swim test (FST) and the novel object recognition (NOR), respectively. Next, we induced a depressive-like state by an unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) procedure to test the compounds' activity in the depression model, followed by measures of sucrose preference, FST, and locomotor activity. Levels of phosphorylated cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (p-CREB) and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK1/2) were also determined. RESULTS F15599 reduced immobility time in the FST over a wider dose-range (2 to 16 mg/kg po) than F13714 (2 and 4 mg/kg po), suggesting accentuated antidepressant-like properties in mice. F15599 did not disrupt long-term memory consolidation in the NOR at any dose tested, while F13714 impaired memory formation, notably at higher doses (4-16 mg/kg). In UCMS mice, a single administration of F15599 and F13714 was sufficient to robustly normalize depressive-like behavior in the FST but did not rescue disrupted sucrose preference. Both F15599 and F13714 rescued cortical and hippocampal deficits in p-ERK1/2 levels of UCMS mice but did not influence the p-CREB levels. CONCLUSIONS Our studies showed that 5-HT1A receptor biased agonists such as F13714 and especially F15599, due to its less pronounced side effects, might have potential as fast-acting antidepressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Głuch-Lutwin
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Kinga Sałaciak
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Alicja Gawalska
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marek Jamrozik
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Sniecikowska
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Marcin Kołaczkowski
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Karolina Pytka
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
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Skrzypek K, Adamek G, Kot M, Badyra B, Majka M. Progression and Differentiation of Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma Is Regulated by PAX7 Transcription Factor-Significance of Tumor Subclones. Cells 2021; 10:1870. [PMID: 34440639 PMCID: PMC8391953 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), is the most frequent soft tissue tumor in children that originates from disturbances in differentiation process. Mechanisms leading to the development of RMS are still poorly understood. Therefore, by analysis of two RMS RH30 cell line subclones, one subclone PAX7 negative, while the second one PAX7 positive, and comparison with other RMS cell lines we aimed at identifying new mechanisms crucial for RMS progression. RH30 subclones were characterized by the same STR profile, but different morphology, rate of proliferation, migration activity and chemotactic abilities in vitro, as well as differences in tumor morphology and growth in vivo. Our analysis indicated a different level of expression of adhesion molecules (e.g., from VLA and ICAM families), myogenic microRNAs, such as miR-206 and transcription factors, such as MYOD, MYOG, SIX1, and ID. Silencing of PAX7 transcription factor with siRNA confirmed the crucial role of PAX7 transcription factor in proliferation, differentiation and migration of RMS cells. To conclude, our results suggest that tumor cell lines with the same STR profile can produce subclones that differ in many features and indicate crucial roles of PAX7 and ID proteins in the development of RMS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Marcin Majka
- Department of Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-663 Krakow, Poland; (G.A.); (M.K.); (B.B.)
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Piotrowicz K, Głuszewska A, Czesak J, Fedyk-Łukasik M, Klimek E, Sánchez-Rodríguez D, Skalska A, Gryglewska B, Grodzicki T, Gąsowski J. SARC-F as a case-finding tool for sarcopenia according to the EWGSOP2. National validation and comparison with other diagnostic standards. Aging Clin Exp Res 2021; 33:1821-1829. [PMID: 33506313 PMCID: PMC8249283 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-020-01782-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is a potentially reversible condition, which requires proper screening and diagnosis. AIMS To validate a Polish version of sarcopenia screening questionnaire (SARC-F), and assess its clinical performance. METHODS Cross-sectional validation study in community-dwelling subjects ≥ 65 years of age. Diagnosis of sarcopenia was based on the 2018 2nd European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) consensus. Hand grip and 4-m gait speed were measured, and the Polish version of SARC-F was administered. RESULTS The mean (SD) age of 73 participants (21.9% men) was 77.8 (7.3) years. Seventeen participants (23.3%) fulfilled the EWGSOP2 criteria of sarcopenia, and 9 (12.3%) criteria for severe sarcopenia. Fourteen (19.2%) participants fulfilled the SARC-F criteria for clinical suspicion of sarcopenia. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient for internal was 0.84. With EWGSOP2 sarcopenia as a gold standard, the sensitivity of SARC-F was 35.3% (95% CI 14.2-61.7, p = 0.33), specificity was 85.7% (95% CI 73.8-93.6, p < 0.0001). The corresponding positive and negative predictive values were 42.9% (p = 0.79) and 81.4% (p < 0.0001), respectively. The probability of false-positive result was 14.3% (95% CI 6.4-26.2, p < 0.0001) and the probability of false-negative result was 64.7% (95% CI 38.3-85.8, p = 0.33). Overall the predictive power of SARC-F was low (c-statistic 0.64). DISCUSSION SARC-F is currently recommended for sarcopenia case finding in general population of older adults. However, its sensitivity is low, despite high specificity. CONCLUSIONS At present SARC-F is better suited to rule out sarcopenia then to case-finding. Further refinement of screening for sarcopenia with the use of SARC-F seems needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Piotrowicz
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gerontology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Ul. Jakubowskiego 2, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University Hospital, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Głuszewska
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gerontology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Ul. Jakubowskiego 2, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University Hospital, Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna Czesak
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University Hospital, Kraków, Poland
- Department of Clinical Rehabilitation, University School of Physical Education, Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Fedyk-Łukasik
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gerontology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Ul. Jakubowskiego 2, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University Hospital, Kraków, Poland
| | - Ewa Klimek
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gerontology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Ul. Jakubowskiego 2, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University Hospital, Kraków, Poland
| | - Dolores Sánchez-Rodríguez
- Division of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, WHO Collaborating Centre for Public Health Aspects of Musculo-Skeletal Health and Ageing, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Geriatrics Department, Rehabilitation Research Group, Hospital Del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Skalska
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gerontology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Ul. Jakubowskiego 2, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University Hospital, Kraków, Poland
| | - Barbara Gryglewska
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gerontology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Ul. Jakubowskiego 2, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University Hospital, Kraków, Poland
| | - Tomasz Grodzicki
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gerontology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Ul. Jakubowskiego 2, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University Hospital, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jerzy Gąsowski
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gerontology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Ul. Jakubowskiego 2, 30-688, Kraków, Poland.
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University Hospital, Kraków, Poland.
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Bakalarz D, Korbut E, Yuan Z, Yu B, Wójcik D, Danielak A, Magierowska K, Kwiecień S, Brzozowski T, Marcinkowska M, Wang B, Magierowski M. Novel Hydrogen Sulfide (H 2S)-Releasing BW-HS-101 and Its Non-H 2S Releasing Derivative in Modulation of Microscopic and Molecular Parameters of Gastric Mucosal Barrier. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5211. [PMID: 34069086 PMCID: PMC8155842 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an endogenously produced molecule with anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective properties. We aimed to investigate for the first time if a novel, esterase-sensitive H2S-prodrug, BW-HS-101 with the ability to release H2S in a controllable manner, prevents gastric mucosa against acetylsalicylic acid-induced gastropathy on microscopic and molecular levels. Wistar rats were pretreated intragastrically with vehicle, BW-HS-101 (0.5-50 μmol/kg) or its analogue without the ability to release H2S, BW-iHS-101 prior to ASA administration (125 mg/kg, intragastrically). BW-HS-101 was administered alone or in combination with nitroarginine (L-NNA, 20 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) or zinc protoporphyrin IX (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneally). Gastroprotective effects of BW-HS-101 were additionally evaluated against necrotic damage induced by intragastrical administration of 75% ethanol. Gastric mucosal damage was assessed microscopically, and gastric blood flow was determined by laser flowmetry. Gastric mucosal DNA oxidation and PGE2 concentration were assessed by ELISA. Serum and/or gastric protein concentrations of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-13, VEGF, GM-CSF, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and EGF were determined by a microbeads/fluorescent-based multiplex assay. Changes in gastric mucosal iNOS, HMOX-1, SOCS3, IL1-R1, IL1-R2, TNF-R2, COX-1, and COX-2 mRNA were assessed by real-time PCR. BW-HS-101 or BW-iHS-101 applied at a dose of 50 μmol/kg protected gastric mucosa against ASA-induced gastric damage and prevented a decrease in the gastric blood flow level. H2S prodrug decreased DNA oxidation, systemic and gastric mucosal inflammation with accompanied upregulation of SOCS3, and EGF and HMOX-1 expression. Pharmacological inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) synthase but not carbon monoxide (CO)/heme oxygenase (HMOX) activity by L-NNA or ZnPP, respectively, reversed the gastroprotective effect of BW-HS-101. BW-HS-101 also protected against ethanol-induced gastric injury formation. We conclude that BW-HS-101, due to its ability to release H2S in a controllable manner, prevents gastric mucosa against drugs-induced gastropathy, inflammation and DNA oxidation, and upregulate gastric microcirculation. Gastroprotective effects of this H2S prodrug involves endogenous NO but not CO activity and could be mediated by cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory SOCS3 and EGF pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Bakalarz
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31531 Cracow, Poland; (D.B.); (E.K.); (D.W.); (A.D.); (K.M.); (S.K.); (T.B.)
- Department of Forensic Toxicology, Institute of Forensic Research, 31033 Cracow, Poland
| | - Edyta Korbut
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31531 Cracow, Poland; (D.B.); (E.K.); (D.W.); (A.D.); (K.M.); (S.K.); (T.B.)
| | - Zhengnan Yuan
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA; (Z.Y.); (B.Y.)
| | - Bingchen Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA; (Z.Y.); (B.Y.)
| | - Dagmara Wójcik
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31531 Cracow, Poland; (D.B.); (E.K.); (D.W.); (A.D.); (K.M.); (S.K.); (T.B.)
| | - Aleksandra Danielak
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31531 Cracow, Poland; (D.B.); (E.K.); (D.W.); (A.D.); (K.M.); (S.K.); (T.B.)
| | - Katarzyna Magierowska
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31531 Cracow, Poland; (D.B.); (E.K.); (D.W.); (A.D.); (K.M.); (S.K.); (T.B.)
| | - Slawomir Kwiecień
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31531 Cracow, Poland; (D.B.); (E.K.); (D.W.); (A.D.); (K.M.); (S.K.); (T.B.)
| | - Tomasz Brzozowski
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31531 Cracow, Poland; (D.B.); (E.K.); (D.W.); (A.D.); (K.M.); (S.K.); (T.B.)
| | - Monika Marcinkowska
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30688 Cracow, Poland;
| | - Binghe Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA; (Z.Y.); (B.Y.)
| | - Marcin Magierowski
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31531 Cracow, Poland; (D.B.); (E.K.); (D.W.); (A.D.); (K.M.); (S.K.); (T.B.)
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Sitarz K, Czamara K, Bialecka J, Klimek M, Szostek S, Kaczor A. Dual Switch in Lipid Metabolism in Cervical Epithelial Cells during Dysplasia Development Observed Using Raman Microscopy and Molecular Methods. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1997. [PMID: 33919178 PMCID: PMC8122332 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13091997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular lipid metabolism is significantly transformed during oncogenesis. To assess how dysplasia development influences lipid cellular metabolisms and what is the molecular background behind it, cervical epithelial cells of 63 patients assigned to seven groups (based on the cytological examination and HPVhr test results) were studied using a multimethodological approach including Raman microscopy and molecular methods. The consistent picture obtained studying the lipid content, cell inflammation, SREBF1 gene methylation (hence SREBP1 inhibition) and level of mitochondrial DNA copies (indirectly the number of mitochondria) showed that changes in lipid metabolism were multidirectional. Cells from patients classified as mildly dysplastic (LSIL) exhibited a unique behavior (the highest level of inflammation and SREBF1 methylation, the lowest lipid content and mitochondrial DNA). On the contrary, cells from severe dysplastic (HSIL) and cancer (SCC) groups showed the opposite characteristics including the lowest SREBF1 gene methylation as well as the highest level of mitochondrial DNA and lipid cellular concentration (for HSIL/HPVhr+ and SCC groups). Following dysplastic progression, the lipid content decreases significantly (compared to the control) for mildly abnormal cells, but then increases for HSIL/HPVhr+ and SCC groups. This intriguing dual switch in lipid metabolism (reflected also in other studied parameters) on the way from normal to squamous carcinoma cells is of potential diagnostic interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Sitarz
- Chair of Microbiology, Department of Molecular Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 18 Czysta Street, 31-121 Krakow, Poland;
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 2 Gronostajowa Street, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Czamara
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Street, 30-348 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Joanna Bialecka
- Centre of Microbiological Research and Autovaccines, 17 Slawkowska Street, 31-016 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Malgorzata Klimek
- Clinic of Radiotherapy, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute—Oncology Center, 11 Garncarska Street, 31-115 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Slawa Szostek
- Chair of Microbiology, Department of Molecular Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 18 Czysta Street, 31-121 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Kaczor
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 2 Gronostajowa Street, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Street, 30-348 Krakow, Poland;
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Duplaga M. The Determinants of Conspiracy Beliefs Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic in a Nationally Representative Sample of Internet Users. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:E7818. [PMID: 33114542 PMCID: PMC7663717 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17217818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
An overwhelming flood of misinformation is accompanying the pandemic of COVID-19. Fake news and conspiracy theories are so prevalent that the World Health Organization started as early as February 2020 to use the term "infodemic". This paper is focused on the assessment of the prevalence of beliefs in conspiracy theories related to COVID-19 in Polish society. The association of support for conspiracy theories with sociodemographic variables, health literacy (HL) and eHealth literacy (eHL) was studied. The analysis reported here was based on the data from an online survey of a representative sample (n = 1002) of the adult population of Polish Internet users. The multivariate linear regression for the COVID-19-related conspiracy belief score (CCBS) and logistic regression models for the support of individual conspiracy theories was developed. The percentage of supporters of particular conspiracy theories in the study sample ranged from 43% to 56%. The CCBS was significantly associated with age, education level, vocational status and both HL and eHL. However, it was lower for persons with higher HL (regression coefficient (B) = -0.04, p < 0.001) but higher for those with higher eHL (B = 0.04, p = 0.038). The most influential predictors of CCBS were age (standardised regression coefficient (β) = -0.21) and education level (β from 0.08 to 0.16 for respondents with lower education levels and those with master's degrees). In conclusion, younger persons rather than older, those with a lower rather than with a higher level of education, employees rather than students and persons with lower rather than higher HL were more likely to believe the conspiracy theories. Surprisingly, contrary to expectations, higher eHL was significantly associated with greater belief in such theories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Duplaga
- Department of Health Promotion and e-Health, Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Grzegorzecka Str. 20, 31-531 Krakow, Poland
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Kijowska V, Barańska I, Szczerbińska K. Factors associated with drug prescribing practices in long-term care patients with cognitive impairment. Eur Geriatr Med 2020; 11:761-775. [PMID: 32451771 PMCID: PMC7550298 DOI: 10.1007/s41999-020-00331-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine factors associated with prescribing anti-dementia medicines (ADM), atypical antipsychotics (A-APM), typical antipsychotics (T-APM), anxiolytics and other psychostimulants (OP) in the residents of long-term care institutions (LTCIs). METHODS A cross-sectional survey of a country-representative sample of randomly selected LTCIs in Poland, conducted in 2015-2016. First, we identified 1035 residents with cognitive impairment (CI) among all 1587 residents. Next, we randomly selected 20 residents from each institution. Study sample consists of 455 residents with CI: 214 recruited from 11 nursing homes and 241 from 12 residential homes. We used InterRAI-LTCF questionnaire and drug dispensary cards administered on the day of data collection to assess use of drugs. Multiple correspondence analysis (MCA), descriptive and logistic regression analyses were performed. RESULTS The residents were treated with ADM (13.4%), OP (14.3%), antipsychotics (46.4%) including A-APM (24.2%) and T-APM (27.9%), and anxiolytics (28.4%). Hydroxyzine was used most often among anxiolytics (71.3%). Prescribing of ADM was more likely in Alzheimer's disease (OR = 4.378; 95%CI 2.173-8.823), while OP in other dementia (OR = 1.873; 95%CI 1.007-3.485). Administration of A-APM was more likely in older residents (OR = 1.032, 95%CI 1.009-1.055), and when delusions appeared (OR = 2.082; 95%CI 1.199-3.613), while there were no neuropsychiatric factors increasing the odds of T-APM use. Prescribing of anxiolytics was less likely in moderate CI (by 47.2%) than in residents with mild CI. CONCLUSION Current practices of prescribing psychotropics are inadequate in Polish LTCIs, especially in terms of use of T-APM and hydroxyzine. More attention should be given to motivate physicians to change their prescribing practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violetta Kijowska
- Laboratory for Research on Aging Society, Department of Sociology of Medicine, Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 7a Street, 31-034, Kraków, Poland
| | - Ilona Barańska
- Laboratory for Research on Aging Society, Department of Sociology of Medicine, Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 7a Street, 31-034, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Szczerbińska
- Laboratory for Research on Aging Society, Department of Sociology of Medicine, Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 7a Street, 31-034, Kraków, Poland.
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Piotrowska A, Siwek A, Wolak M, Nowak G. Analysis of Density Changes of Selected Brain Receptors After a 14-Day Supply of Chromium(III) and Evaluation of Chromium(III) Affinity to Selected Receptors and Transporters. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 196:359-364. [PMID: 31732929 PMCID: PMC7306032 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-01924-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Chromium(III) is one of the most controversial biometals. Although, it is no longer on the list of minerals necessary for the proper functioning of the human body, and its pharmacological effect is still under discussion. One of the purposes of Cr(III) administration is to use it in patients with mood disorders and it is strictly related to its pharmacological, not dietary effect. This is because its high doses are necessary to obtain the results and additionally, no deficiencies in human population have been noted. In this study, the affinity of chromium(III) to selected receptors and transporters in the rat brain was evaluated, and the effect of the 14-day administration of this metal was assessed on the density of selected receptors. All analyses were performed in vitro using radioligand binding assays, and the results indicated lack of affinity to β1 and α1 receptors and serotonin transporter (SERT), furthermore very weak affinity to the 5-HT1A receptor (30% inhibition at 10-4 and 10-5 M). Analysis of the α1 and β1 adrenergic receptor density indicated lack of any adaptive effects after 14 days of Cr(III) administration through intraperitoneal injections (doses 6 and 12 mg/kg). The antidepressant activity of chromium(III) indicated in clinical trials concerned patients with atypical, seasonal, or dystonic symptoms. This effect, as it seems based on the presented results, does not depend on direct affinity to serotonin receptors and transporter nor is the result of adaptive changes in the adrenoreceptor system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Piotrowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Basics of Cosmetology, University of Physical Education, al. Jana Pawła II 78, 31-571, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Agata Siwek
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Wolak
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Gabriel Nowak
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
- Department of Neurobiology, Laboratory of Trace Elements Neurobiology, Institute of Pharmacology PAS, Kraków, Poland
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Abstract
A huge amount of atomized biological data collected in various databases and the need for a description of their relation by theoretical methods causes the development of data integration methods. The omics data analysis by integration of biological knowledge with mathematical procedures implemented in the OmicsON R library is presented in the paper. OmicsON is a tool for the integration of two sets of data: transcriptomics and metabolomics. In the workflow of the library, the functional grouping and statistical analysis are applied. Subgroups among the transcriptomic and metabolomics sets are created based on the biological knowledge stored in Reactome and String databases. It gives the possibility to analyze such sets of data by multivariate statistical procedures like Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) or Partial Least Squares (PLS). The integration of metabolomic and transcriptomic data based on the methodology contained in OmicsON helps to easily obtain information on the connection of data from two different sets. This information can significantly help in assessing the relationship between gene expression and metabolite concentrations, which in turn facilitates the biological interpretation of the analyzed process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cezary Turek
- Department of Bioinformatics and Telemedicine, Jagiellonian University–Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Sonia Wróbel
- Department of Medical Physics, Jagiellonian University, Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Krakow, Poland
| | - Monika Piwowar
- Department of Bioinformatics and Telemedicine, Jagiellonian University–Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- * E-mail:
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Kuczia P, Zuk J, Iwaniec T, Soja J, Dropinski J, Malesa-Wlodzik M, Zareba L, Bazan JG, Undas A, Bazan-Socha S. Citrullinated histone H3, a marker of extracellular trap formation, is increased in blood of stable asthma patients. Clin Transl Allergy 2020; 10:31. [PMID: 32685129 PMCID: PMC7354860 DOI: 10.1186/s13601-020-00337-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging data indicates that extracellular traps (ETs), structures formed by various immune cell types, may contribute to the pathology of noninfectious inflammatory diseases. Histone hypercitrullination is an important step in ETs formation and citrullinated histone H3 (H3cit) is considered a novel and specific biomarker of that process. In the present study we have evaluated circulating H3cit in stable asthmatics and investigated its relationship with asthma severity, pulmonary function and selected blood and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) biomarkers. METHODS In 60 white adult stable asthmatics and 50 well-matched controls we measured serum levels of H3cit. In asthmatics we also performed bronchoscopy with BAL. We analyzed blood and BAL biomarkers, including interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-17A and interferon γ. For statistical analysis, Mann-Whitney U-test, χ2 test, one-way ANCOVA, ROC curve analysis and univariate linear regression were applied. Independent determinants of H3cit were established in a multiple linear regression model. RESULTS Asthma was characterized by elevated circulating H3cit (17.49 [11.25-22.58] vs. 13.66 [8.66-18.87] ng/ml, p = 0.03). In asthmatics positive associations were demonstrated between serum H3cit and lung function variables, including total lung capacity (TLC) (β = 0.37 [95% CI 0.24-0.50]) and residual volume (β = 0.38 [95% CI 0.25-0.51]). H3cit was increased in asthma patients receiving systemic steroids (p = 0.02), as well as in subjects with BAL eosinophilia above 144 cells/ml (p = 0.02). In asthmatics, but not in controls, circulating H3cit correlated well with number of neutrophils (β = 0.31 [95% CI 0.19-0.44]) and monocytes (β = 0.42 [95% CI 0.29-0.55]) in peripheral blood. Furthermore, BAL macrophages, BAL neutrophils, TLC, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, Il-12p70 and bronchial obstruction degree were independent determinants of H3cit in a multivariate linear regression model. CONCLUSIONS Asthma is characterized by increased circulating H3cit likely related to the enhanced lung ETs formation. Inhibition of ETs might be a therapeutic option in selected asthma phenotypes, such as neutrophilic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel Kuczia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 8 Skawinska Str, 31-066 Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna Zuk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 8 Skawinska Str, 31-066 Kraków, Poland
| | - Teresa Iwaniec
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 8 Skawinska Str, 31-066 Kraków, Poland
| | - Jerzy Soja
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 8 Skawinska Str, 31-066 Kraków, Poland
| | - Jerzy Dropinski
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 8 Skawinska Str, 31-066 Kraków, Poland
| | - Marta Malesa-Wlodzik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 8 Skawinska Str, 31-066 Kraków, Poland
- Allergology and Pulmonology Clinic, Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Regional Branch in Rabka-Zdrój, Rabka-Zdrój, Poland
| | - Lech Zareba
- College of Natural Sciences, Institute of Computer Science, University of Rzeszow, 1 Pigonia Str., 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Jan G. Bazan
- College of Natural Sciences, Institute of Computer Science, University of Rzeszow, 1 Pigonia Str., 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Anetta Undas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 8 Skawinska Str, 31-066 Kraków, Poland
- Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Stanislawa Bazan-Socha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 8 Skawinska Str, 31-066 Kraków, Poland
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Fatyga P, Pac A, Fedyk-Łukasik M, Grodzicki T, Skalska A. The relationship between malnutrition risk and inflammatory biomarkers in outpatient geriatric population. Eur Geriatr Med 2020; 11:383-391. [PMID: 32297262 PMCID: PMC7280354 DOI: 10.1007/s41999-020-00303-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Malnutrition is an underestimated, but significant problem among older persons. It is described as a consequence of genetic and environmental factors, lack of physical activity, and co-morbidities. However, a key role of a geriatrician is to further explore the multidimensional complexity of this issue. The aim of this study was to identify the relationship between nutritional status and different factors, particularly focusing on inflammatory biomarkers. METHODS Nutritional status was assessed using Mini-Nutritional-Assessment with a score below 24 (out of 30) defined as malnutrition. Different serum biomarkers of inflammation were measured, such as High-Sensitivity-C-Reactive-Protein (hsCRP), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Interleukin-8 (IL-8), Interleukin-18(IL-18), osteoprotegerin(OPG), and Soluble-Receptor-For-TNF-alfa(sTNFRII). Medical history, mental status (Mini-Mental-State-Examination, Geriatric-Depression-Scale) and activities of daily living (using Instrumental-Activities-of-Daily-Living-Scale) were used in the evaluation. The relationship between nutritional status and the factors listed was assessed. RESULTS The mean age of 76 examined persons (40.8% female) from the outpatient clinic was 71 years. Malnutrition risk was recognized in 29%. The following factors significant in univariate regression were used in stepwise regression analysis: age, sex, mental status (MMSE, GDS), valve disease, number of diseases, IADL. Stepwise regression revealed that the risk of malnutrition was increased by the presence of valve disease, number of diseases, and female sex. Factors that increased the risk of malnutrition were: logsTNFRII (OR = 3.09; 95% CI 1.07-8.96), IL-8 (OR = 1.09; 95% CI 1.00-1.18), and OPG (OR = 1.27; 95% CI 1.02-1.57). Risk of malnutrition was negatively associated with Il-18(OR = 0.995; 95% CI 0.991-0.999). CONCLUSIONS Chronic inflammation and immunologic process are likely contributors to the complex etiopathogenesis of malnutrition in older persons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Fatyga
- Department of Toxicology and Environmental Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
- University Hospital, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Pac
- Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Fedyk-Łukasik
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gerontology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 2 Jakubowskiego Str., 30-688, Kraków, Poland
- University Hospital, Kraków, Poland
| | - Tomasz Grodzicki
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gerontology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 2 Jakubowskiego Str., 30-688, Kraków, Poland
- University Hospital, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Skalska
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gerontology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 2 Jakubowskiego Str., 30-688, Kraków, Poland.
- University Hospital, Kraków, Poland.
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Nowak B, Śróttek M, Ciszek-Lenda M, Skałkowska A, Gamian A, Górska S, Marcinkiewicz J. Exopolysaccharide from Lactobacillus rhamnosus KL37 Inhibits T Cell-dependent Immune Response in Mice. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2020; 68:17. [PMID: 32448979 PMCID: PMC7246254 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-020-00581-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Exopolysaccharides (EPSs), major components of the bacterial biofilm, display strong strain-specific immunomodulatory properties. Previously, we have shown that crude EPS derived from Lactobacillus rhamnosus KL37 depresses the production of arthritogenic anti-collagen IgG and ameliorates collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in DBA/1 mice, when lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used as adjuvant. In this study, we used highly purified EPS from L. rhamnosus KL37 (EPS-37) to verify its anti-inflammatory properties and the ability to suppress T cell-dependent humoral response. We have employed the model of active CIA, in which mice immunized with type II collagen (CII) along with LPS were treated with pure EPS-37. Intravenous administration of purified EPS-37 markedly ameliorated arthritis and reduced CII-specific antibody production. EPS-37 injected subcutaneously reduced the clinical symptoms of CIA but without the reduction of arthritogenic antibodies. In addition, the effect of EPS-37 on T-cell functions was tested ex vivo and in vitro. EPS-37 inhibited the in vitro proliferation of T cells activated both in vivo (CII immunization) and in vitro (antigen/mitogen), and markedly reduced the production of interferon (IFN)-γ. These results together with other reports suggest that anti-inflammatory potential of EPS-37 depends on its ability to inhibit either one or the other or both possible inflammatory signaling pathways. Namely, Th1 → IFN-γ → M1 inflammatory macrophages → arthritis and/or Th1 → IFN-γ → B cells → arthritogenic antibodies → arthritis. We suggest that L. rhamnosus KL37 EPS might be utilized to control T cell-dependent immune responses in various inflammatory diseases. However, the most effective route of EPS-37 administration needs to be tailored for a given disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadeta Nowak
- Department of Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Czysta 18, 31-121, Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Śróttek
- Department of Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Czysta 18, 31-121, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marta Ciszek-Lenda
- Department of Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Czysta 18, 31-121, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Skałkowska
- Department of Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Czysta 18, 31-121, Kraków, Poland
| | - Andrzej Gamian
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Sabina Górska
- Laboratory of Microbiome Immunology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Janusz Marcinkiewicz
- Department of Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Czysta 18, 31-121, Kraków, Poland.
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Abstract
The norepinephrine transporter (NET) is one of the monoamine transporters. Its X-ray crystal structure has not been obtained yet. Inhibitors of human NET (hNET) play a major role in the treatment of many central and peripheral nervous system diseases. In this study, we focused on the spatial structure of a NET constructed by homology modeling on Drosophila melanogaster dopamine transporter templates. We further examined molecular construction of primary binding pocket (S1) together with secondary binding site (S2) and extracellular loop 4 (EL4). The next stage involved docking of transporter inhibitors: Reboxetine, duloxetine, desipramine, and other commonly used drugs. The procedure revealed the molecular orientation of residues and disclosed ones that are the most important for ligand binding: Phenylalanine F72, aspartic acid D75, tyrosine Y152, and phenylalanine F317. Aspartic acid D75 plays a key role in recognition of the basic amino group present in monoamine transporter inhibitors and substrates. The study also presents a comparison of hNET models with other related proteins, which could provide new insights into their interaction with therapeutics and aid future development of novel bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marek Bajda
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Cracow, Poland; (I.G.); (K.Ł.)
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Jasinska M, Jasek-Gajda E, Woznicka O, Lis GJ, Pyza E, Litwin JA. Circadian clock regulates the shape and content of dendritic spines in mouse barrel cortex. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225394. [PMID: 31730670 PMCID: PMC6857954 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythmicity affects neuronal activity induced changes in the density of synaptic contacts and dendritic spines, the most common location of synapses, in mouse somatosensory cortex. In the present study we analyzed morphology of single- and double-synapse spines under light/dark (12:12) and constant darkness conditions. Using serial electron micrographs we examined the shape of spines (stubby, thin, mushroom) and their content (smooth endoplasmic reticulum, spine apparatus), because these features are related to the maturation and stabilization of spines. We observed significant diurnal and circadian changes in the shape of spines that are differentially regulated: single-synapse spines remain under circadian clock regulation, while changes of double-synapse spines are driven by light. The thin and mushroom single-synapse spines, regardless of their content, are more stable comparing with the stubby single-synapse spines that show the greatest diversity. All types of double-synapse spines demonstrate a similar level of stability. In light/dark regime, formation of new mushroom single-synapse spines occurs, while under constant darkness new stubby single-synapse spines are formed. There are no shape preferences for new double-synapse spines. Diurnal and circadian alterations also concern spine content: both light exposure and the clock influence translocation of smooth endoplasmic reticulum from dendritic shaft to the spine. The increasing number of mushroom single-synapse spines and the presence of only those mushroom double-synapse spines that contain spine apparatus in the light phase indicates that the exposure to light, a stress factor for nocturnal animals, promotes enlargement and maturation of spines to increase synaptic strength and to enhance the effectiveness of neurotransmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Jasinska
- Department of Histology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- * E-mail:
| | - Ewa Jasek-Gajda
- Department of Histology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Olga Woznicka
- Department of Cell Biology and Imaging, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Grzegorz J. Lis
- Department of Histology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Elzbieta Pyza
- Department of Cell Biology and Imaging, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jan A. Litwin
- Department of Histology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
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Fabian P, Stapor K, Banach M, Ptak-Kaczor M, Konieczny L, Roterman I. Different Synergy in Amyloids and Biologically Active Forms of Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4436. [PMID: 31505841 PMCID: PMC6769701 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein structure is the result of the high synergy of all amino acids present in the protein. This synergy is the result of an overall strategy for adapting a specific protein structure. It is a compromise between two trends: The optimization of non-binding interactions and the directing of the folding process by an external force field, whose source is the water environment. The geometric parameters of the structural form of the polypeptide chain in the form of a local radius of curvature that is dependent on the orientation of adjacent peptide bond planes (result of the respective Phi and Psi rotation) allow for a comparative analysis of protein structures. Certain levels of their geometry are the criteria for comparison. In particular, they can be used to assess the differences between the structural form of biologically active proteins and their amyloid forms. On the other hand, the application of the fuzzy oil drop model allows the assessment of the role of amino acids in the construction of tertiary structure through their participation in the construction of a hydrophobic core. The combination of these two models-the geometric structure of the backbone and the determining of the participation in the construction of the tertiary structure that is applied for the comparative analysis of biologically active and amyloid forms-is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Fabian
- Institute of Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 16, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Stapor
- Institute of Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 16, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Mateusz Banach
- Department of Bioinformatics and Telemedicine, Jagiellonian University-Medical College, Łazarza 16, 31-530 Kraków, Poland
| | - Magdalena Ptak-Kaczor
- Department of Bioinformatics and Telemedicine, Jagiellonian University-Medical College, Łazarza 16, 31-530 Kraków, Poland
- Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Leszek Konieczny
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University-Medical College, 31-034 Krakow, Poland
| | - Irena Roterman
- Department of Bioinformatics and Telemedicine, Jagiellonian University-Medical College, Łazarza 16, 31-530 Kraków, Poland.
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Ciołczyk-Wierzbicka D, Zarzycka M, Gil D, Laidler P. mTOR inhibitor Everolimus-induced apoptosis in melanoma cells. J Cell Commun Signal 2019; 13:357-368. [PMID: 30848427 PMCID: PMC6732148 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-019-00510-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the most aggressive, therapy-resistant skin cancer. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), the serine/threonine kinase which integrates both intracellular and extracellular signals, plays a crucial role in coordinating the balance between the growth and death of cells. The object of this study is a comparison of the influence of mTOR inhibitor everolimus in the concentration range between 20 nM and 10 μM, used individually and in combination with selected downstream protein kinases inhibitors: LY294002 (PI3K), U0126 (ERK1/2), AS-703026 (MEK) and MK-2206 (AKT) on the expression of pro-survival proteins: p-Bcl-2 (S70), p-Bcl-2 (T56), Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, Mcl-1, activity of caspase-3, proliferation and induction of apoptosis in melanoma cells. Current results clearly show that the nanomolar concentration of the mTOR inhibitor everolimus in combination with the inhibitor of MAP kinase (AS-703026) or AKT kinase (MK-2206) is effective in inducing apoptosis and reducing proliferation of melanoma cells. The herein research results confirm the hypothesis on the important role of mTOR signaling in cancer progression, and gives hope that implementation of successful combination of its inhibitors will find recognition and application in cancer treatment in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marta Zarzycka
- Medical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Kopernika 7, 31-034, Kraków, Poland
| | - Dorota Gil
- Medical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Kopernika 7, 31-034, Kraków, Poland
| | - Piotr Laidler
- Medical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Kopernika 7, 31-034, Kraków, Poland
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Abstract
The influence of sex hormones on women’s mate preferences has been an intensively discussed topic for more than a decade. Yet the extent to which levels of sex hormones, and testosterone in particular, influence women’s mate preferences is unclear. Thus, the current study used multilevel modelling to investigate putative relationships between salivary testosterone and facial masculinity preferences in a sample of 68 women, while controlling for their age, partnership status, and sociosexuality. We found no significant associations between masculinity preferences and either individual differences or within-woman changes in testosterone. We did find however, that sociosexuality was positively correlated with masculinity preferences. Although it has previously been suggested that testosterone is related to women’s facial masculinity preference, our data do not support this proposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula M. Marcinkowska
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
- * E-mail:
| | - Samuli Helle
- Section of Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Benedict C. Jones
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Grazyna Jasienska
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
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Czarnecka K, Girek M, Kręcisz P, Skibiński R, Łątka K, Jończyk J, Bajda M, Kabziński J, Majsterek I, Szymczyk P, Szymański P. Discovery of New Cyclopentaquinoline Analogues as Multifunctional Agents for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E498. [PMID: 30678364 PMCID: PMC6386991 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Here we report the two-step synthesis of 8 new cyclopentaquinoline derivatives as modifications of the tetrahydroacridine structure. Next, the biological assessment of each of them was performed. Based on the obtained results we identified 6-chloro-N-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[b]quinolin-9-ylamino)-hexyl]]-nicotinamide hydrochloride (3e) as the most promising compound with inhibitory potencies against EeAChE and EqBuChE in the low nanomolar level 67 and 153 nM, respectively. Moreover, 3e compound is non-hepatotoxic, able to inhibit amyloid beta aggregation, and shows a mix-type of cholinesterase's inhibition. The mixed type of inhibition of the compound was confirmed by molecular modeling. Then, yeast three-hybrid (Y3H) technology was used to confirm the known ligand-receptor interactions. New derivatives do not show antioxidant activity (confirmed by the use of two different tests). A pKa assay method was developed to identify the basic physicochemical properties of 3e compound. A LogP assay confirmed that 3e compound fulfills Lipinsky's rule of five.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Czarnecka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analyses and Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Muszyńskiego 1, 90d-151 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Girek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analyses and Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Muszyńskiego 1, 90d-151 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Paweł Kręcisz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analyses and Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Muszyńskiego 1, 90d-151 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Robert Skibiński
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Kamil Łątka
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Chair of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Jakub Jończyk
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Chair of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Marek Bajda
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Chair of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Jacek Kabziński
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Pl. Hallera 1, 90-647 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Ireneusz Majsterek
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Pl. Hallera 1, 90-647 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Piotr Szymczyk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Muszyńskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Paweł Szymański
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analyses and Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Muszyńskiego 1, 90d-151 Lodz, Poland.
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Piwowar M, Kocemba-Pilarczyk KA, Piwowar P. Regularization and grouping -omics data by GCA method: A transcriptomic case. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206608. [PMID: 30383819 PMCID: PMC6211732 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The paper presents the application of Grade Correspondence Analysis (GCA) and Grade Correspondence Cluster Analysis (GCCA) for ordering and grouping -omics datasets, using transcriptomic data as an example. Based on gene expression data describing 256 patients with Multiple Myeloma it was shown that the GCA method could be used to find regularities in the analyzed collections and to create characteristic gene expression profiles for individual groups of patients. GCA iteratively permutes rows and columns to maximize the tau-Kendall or rho-Spearman coefficients, which makes it possible to arrange rows and columns in such a way that the most similar ones remain in each other’s neighbourhood. In this way, the GCA algorithm highlights regularities in the data matrix. The ranked data can then be grouped using the GCCA method, and after that aggregated in clusters, providing a representation that is easier to analyze–especially in the case of large sets of gene expression profiles. Regularization of transcriptomic data, which is presented in this manuscript, has enabled division of the data set into column clusters (representing genes) and row clusters (representing patients). Subsequently, rows were aggregated (based on medians) to visualise the gene expression profiles for patients with Multiple Myeloma in each collection. The presented analysis became the starting point for characterisation of differentiated genes and biochemical processes in which they are involved. GCA analysis may provide an alternative analytical method to support differentiation and analysis of gene expression profiles characterising individual groups of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Piwowar
- Department of Bioinformatics and Telemedicine, Jagiellonian University–Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Piotr Piwowar
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Automatics, Computer Science and Biomedical Engineering, Department of Measurements and Electronic, Krakow, Poland
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Pytka K, Głuch-Lutwin M, Kotańska M, Waszkielewicz A, Kij A, Walczak M. Single Administration of HBK-15-a Triple 5-HT 1A, 5-HT 7, and 5-HT 3 Receptor Antagonist-Reverses Depressive-Like Behaviors in Mouse Model of Depression Induced by Corticosterone. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:3931-3945. [PMID: 28550529 PMCID: PMC5884906 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0605-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Studies suggest that the blockade of 5-HT1A, 5-HT7, and 5-HT3 receptor may increase the speed of antidepressant response. 1-[(2,6-Dimethylphenoxy)ethoxyethyl]-4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine hydrochloride (HBK-14) and 1-[(2-chloro-6-methylphenoxy)ethoxyethyl]-4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine hydrochloride (HBK-15), dual 5-HT1A and 5-HT7 antagonists, showed significant antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like properties in our previous tests in rodents. In this study, we aimed to investigate their antidepressant potential using mouse model of corticosterone-induced depression. We chose sucrose preference test, forced swim test, and elevated plus maze to determine anhedonic-, antidepressant-, and anxiolytic-like activities. We also evaluated the influence of the active compound on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) levels in the hippocampus. Moreover, for both compounds, we performed biofunctional (5-HT3 receptor) and pharmacokinetic studies. We found that HBK-14 and HBK-15 were potent 5-HT3 receptor antagonists. HBK-14 (2.5 mg/kg) and HBK-15 (1.25 mg/kg) after intravenous (i.v.) and intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration permeated the blood-brain barrier with brain/plasma ratio lower than 1. The bioavailability of studied compounds after i.p. administration was 15% for HBK-14 and 54% for HBK-15. Chronic administration of HBK-15 (1.25 mg/kg) and fluoxetine (10 mg/kg) protected corticosterone-treated mice from anhedonic-, depressive-, and anxiety-like behaviors, as well as decreases in BDNF and NGF levels in the hippocampus. HBK-14 (2.5 mg/kg) counteracted anxiety-like behaviors in corticosterone-treated mice. Single administration of HBK-15 (1.25 mg/kg) and ketamine (1 mg/kg) reversed depression-like behavior and regulated decreased BDNF level in the hippocampus in corticosterone-treated mice. Our results suggest that simultaneous blockade of serotonergic 5-HT1A, 5-HT7, and 5-HT3 receptors might accelerate antidepressant response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Pytka
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Monika Głuch-Lutwin
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kotańska
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Waszkielewicz
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kij
- Chair and Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics, Bobrzyńskiego 14, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - Maria Walczak
- Chair and Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics, Bobrzyńskiego 14, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
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Malikowska-Racia N, Podkowa A, Sałat K. Phencyclidine and Scopolamine for Modeling Amnesia in Rodents: Direct Comparison with the Use of Barnes Maze Test and Contextual Fear Conditioning Test in Mice. Neurotox Res 2018; 34:431-441. [PMID: 29680979 PMCID: PMC6154175 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-018-9901-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays cognitive impairments are a growing unresolved medical issue which may accompany many diseases and therapies, furthermore, numerous researchers investigate various neurobiological aspects of human memory to find possible ways to improve it. Until any other method is discovered, in vivo studies remain the only available tool for memory evaluation. At first, researchers need to choose a model of amnesia which may strongly influence observed results. Thereby a deeper insight into a model itself may increase the quality and reliability of results. The most common method to impair memory in rodents is the pretreatment with drugs that disrupt learning and memory. Taking this into consideration, we compared the activity of agents commonly used for this purpose. We investigated effects of phencyclidine (PCP), a non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist, and scopolamine (SCOP), an antagonist of muscarinic receptors, on short-term spatial memory and classical fear conditioning in mice. PCP (3 mg/kg) and SCOP (1 mg/kg) were administrated intraperitoneally 30 min before behavioral paradigms. To assess the influence of PCP and SCOP on short-term spatial memory, the Barnes maze test in C57BL/J6 mice was used. Effects on classical conditioning were evaluated using contextual fear conditioning test. Additionally, spontaneous locomotor activity of mice was measured. These two tests were performed in CD-1 mice. Our study reports that both tested agents disturbed short-term spatial memory in the Barnes maze test, however, SCOP revealed a higher activity. Surprisingly, learning in contextual fear conditioning test was impaired only by SCOP. ᅟ ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Malikowska-Racia
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Chair of Pharmacodynamics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St., 30 - 688, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Adrian Podkowa
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Chair of Pharmacodynamics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St., 30 - 688, Krakow, Poland
| | - Kinga Sałat
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Chair of Pharmacodynamics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St., 30 - 688, Krakow, Poland
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Abstract
N-cadherin seems to promote cell migration and invasion in many types of cancers. The object of this study is recognition of the possible role of N-cadherin and selected downstream protein kinases: PI3K, ERK1/2, and mTOR in cell invasion in malignant melanoma. Melanoma cells were transfected with the small interfering RNA (siRNA) that targets human N-cadherin gene (CDH2). Inhibitors LY294002 (PI3K), U0126 (ERK1/2), and everolimus (mTOR) were used to inhibit selected kinases of signalling pathways. In vitro cell invasion was studied using Matrigel and an analysis of matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity by gelatinase zymogram assay. Treatment of melanoma cell with either siRNA against N-cadherin or protein kinase inhibitors led to significantly decreased MMPs expression and activity, as well as diminished invasion. Both the current and the former results suggest that activation of PI3/AKT, mTOR, and ERK kinase, following N-cadherin expression, contributes not only to increased proliferation but also invasive potential of melanoma cells. The results also indicate that N-cadherin, as well as the studied kinases, should be considered as a potential target in melanoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Ciołczyk-Wierzbicka
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Kopernika 7, 31-034, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Piotr Laidler
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Kopernika 7, 31-034, Kraków, Poland
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Pytka K, Gawlik K, Pawlica-Gosiewska D, Witalis J, Waszkielewicz A. HBK-14 and HBK-15 with antidepressant-like and/or memory-enhancing properties increase serotonin levels in the hippocampus after chronic treatment in mice. Metab Brain Dis 2017; 32:547-556. [PMID: 27888375 PMCID: PMC5346433 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-016-9932-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
5-HT1A and 5-HT7 receptor ligands might have antidepressant-like properties and improve cognitive function. We previously reported significant antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effects of two dual 5-HT1A and 5-HT7 receptor antagonists in various behavioral tests in rodents. As a continuation of our previous experiments, in this study we aimed to investigate whether chronic administration of 1-[(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)ethoxyethyl]-4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine hydrochloride (HBK-14) and 1-[(2-chloro-6-methylphenoxy)ethoxyethyl]-4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine hydrochloride (HBK-15) caused antidepressant-like effects and elevated serotonin levels in the murine hippocampus. We also evaluated cholinolytic properties and the influence of acute administration of both compounds on cognitive function in mice. To assess antidepressant-like properties and the influence on learning and memory we used forced swim test and step-through passive avoidance task in mice, respectively. Both compounds showed antidepressant-like properties and significantly elevated serotonin levels in the hippocampus after chronic treatment (HBK-14 - 2.5 mg/kg; HBK-15 - 0.625 and 1.25 mg/kg). HBK-15 administered chronically antidepressant-like activity at lower dose (0.625 mg/kg) than the dose active after acute treatment (1.25 mg/kg). None of the compounds affected locomotor activity of mice. HBK-15 possessed very weak cholinolytic properties, whereas HBK-14 did not show any effect on muscarinic receptors. Only HBK-15 (0.625 mg/kg) presented memory-enhancing properties and ameliorated cognitive impairments caused by scopolamine (1 mg/kg). Our results indicate that 5-HT1A and 5-HT7 antagonists might have potential in the treatment of depression and possess positive influence on cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Pytka
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Gawlik
- Department of Diagnostics, Chair of Clinical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Dorota Pawlica-Gosiewska
- Department of Diagnostics, Chair of Clinical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Witalis
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Waszkielewicz
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland
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Kolasa-Trela R, Konieczynska M, Bazanek M, Undas A. Specific changes in circulating cytokines and growth factors induced by exercise stress testing in asymptomatic aortic valve stenosis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173787. [PMID: 28291817 PMCID: PMC5349660 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We evaluated exercise-induced changes in the profile of circulating cytokines and growth factors in patients with AS. Methods We studied 32 consecutive asymptomatic moderate-to-severe AS patients and 32 age and sex-matched controls. Plasma levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β were measured at 4 time points, i.e. at rest, at peak bicycle exercise, one hour and 24 hours after a symptom-limited exercise. Results Exercise increased all the 5 markers in both groups (all p<0.0001). The maximum levels of all tested cytokines were higher in the AS group (all p<0.05) compared with controls. In AS patients the highest levels of VEGF, IL-6, and IL-10 were observed one hour after exercise, while in the control group at peak exercise. In both groups maximum TGF- β levels were observed one hour after exercise. HGF levels were higher at peak and one hour after test in the AS group (p = 0.0001), however the maximum value in AS was observed at peak while in controls after test. In both groups TGF-β was the only marker that remained increased 24 hours after exercise compared with the value at rest (p = 0.0001). The cytokines and growth factors showed no association with heart rate and the workload. Conclusion In asymptomatic patients with moderate-to-severe AS, exercise produces a different pattern of changes in circulating cytokines and growth factors, and maximum levels of all tested cytokines were significantly higher in AS patients compared with the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marta Bazanek
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine, John Paul II Hospital, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anetta Undas
- Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- * E-mail:
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Jarosz M, Olbert M, Wyszogrodzka G, Młyniec K, Librowski T. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of zinc. Zinc-dependent NF-κB signaling. Inflammopharmacology 2017; 25:11-24. [PMID: 28083748 PMCID: PMC5306179 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-017-0309-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 340] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Zinc is a nutritionally fundamental trace element, essential to the structure and function of numerous macromolecules, including enzymes regulating cellular processes and cellular signaling pathways. The mineral modulates immune response and exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. Zinc retards oxidative processes on a long-term basis by inducing the expression of metallothioneins. These metal-binding cysteine-rich proteins are responsible for maintaining zinc-related cell homeostasis and act as potent electrophilic scavengers and cytoprotective agents. Furthermore, zinc increases the activation of antioxidant proteins and enzymes, such as glutathione and catalase. On the other hand, zinc exerts its antioxidant effect via two acute mechanisms, one of which is the stabilization of protein sulfhydryls against oxidation. The second mechanism consists in antagonizing transition metal-catalyzed reactions. Zinc can exchange redox active metals, such as copper and iron, in certain binding sites and attenuate cellular site-specific oxidative injury. Studies have demonstrated that physiological reconstitution of zinc restrains immune activation, whereas zinc deficiency, in the setting of severe infection, provokes a systemic increase in NF-κB activation. In vitro studies have shown that zinc decreases NF-κB activation and its target genes, such as TNF-α and IL-1β, and increases the gene expression of A20 and PPAR-α, the two zinc finger proteins with anti-inflammatory properties. Alternative NF-κB inhibitory mechanism is initiated by the inhibition of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase, whereas another presumed mechanism consists in inhibition of IκB kinase in response to infection by zinc ions that have been imported into cells by ZIP8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Jarosz
- Department of Radioligands, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Olbert
- Department of Radioligands, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland
| | - Gabriela Wyszogrodzka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Młyniec
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Librowski
- Department of Radioligands, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland
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