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Ząbczyk M, Natorska J, Matusik PT, Mołek P, Wojciechowska W, Rajzer M, Rajtar-Salwa R, Tokarek T, Lenart-Migdalska A, Olszowska M, Undas A. Neutrophil-activating Peptide 2 as a Novel Modulator of Fibrin Clot Properties in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation. Transl Stroke Res 2023:10.1007/s12975-023-01165-1. [PMID: 37294500 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-023-01165-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophil-activating peptide 2 (NAP-2, CXCL7), a platelet-derived neutrophil chemoattractant, is involved in inflammation. We investigated associations between NAP-2 levels, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation, and fibrin clot properties in atrial fibrillation (AF). We recruited 237 consecutive patients with AF (mean age, 68 ± 11 years; median CHA2DS2VASc score of 3 [2-4]) and 30 apparently healthy controls. Plasma NAP-2 concentrations were measured, along with plasma fibrin clot permeability (Ks) and clot lysis time (CLT), thrombin generation, citrullinated histone H3 (citH3), as a marker of NETs formation, and 3-nitrotyrosine reflecting oxidative stress. NAP-2 levels were 89% higher in AF patients than in controls (626 [448-796] vs. 331 [226-430] ng/ml; p < 0.0001). NAP-2 levels were not associated with demographics, CHA2DS2-VASc score, or the AF manifestation. Patients with NAP-2 in the top quartile (> 796 ng/ml) were characterized by higher neutrophil count (+ 31.7%), fibrinogen (+ 20.8%), citH3 (+ 86%), and 3-nitrotyrosine (+ 111%) levels, along with 20.2% reduced Ks and 8.4% prolonged CLT as compared to the remaining subjects (all p < 0.05). NAP-2 levels were positively associated with fibrinogen in AF patients (r = 0.41, p = 0.0006) and controls (r = 0.65, p < 0.01), along with citH3 (r = 0.36, p < 0.0001) and 3-nitrotyrosine (r = 0.51, p < 0.0001) in the former group. After adjustment for fibrinogen, higher citH3 (per 1 ng/ml β = -0.046, 95% CI -0.029; -0.064) and NAP-2 (per 100 ng/ml β = -0.21, 95% CI -0.14; -0.28) levels were independently associated with reduced Ks. Elevated NAP-2, associated with increased oxidative stress, has been identified as a novel modulator of prothrombotic plasma fibrin clot properties in patients with AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Ząbczyk
- Department of Thromboembolic Disorders, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Pradnicka 80, 31-202, Krakow, Poland
- Krakow Centre for Medical Research and Technologies, the John Paul II Hospital, Pradnicka 80, Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Natorska
- Department of Thromboembolic Disorders, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Pradnicka 80, 31-202, Krakow, Poland
- Krakow Centre for Medical Research and Technologies, the John Paul II Hospital, Pradnicka 80, Krakow, Poland
| | - Paweł T Matusik
- Institute of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Pradnicka 80, Kraków, Poland
- Department of Electrocardiology, the John Paul II Hospital, Pradnicka 80, Kraków, Poland
| | - Patrycja Mołek
- Krakow Centre for Medical Research and Technologies, the John Paul II Hospital, Pradnicka 80, Krakow, Poland
| | - Wiktoria Wojciechowska
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Interventional Electrocardiology and Arterial Hypertension, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Jakubowskiego 2, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marek Rajzer
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Interventional Electrocardiology and Arterial Hypertension, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Jakubowskiego 2, Kraków, Poland
| | - Renata Rajtar-Salwa
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, University Hospital, Jakubowskiego 2, Krakow, Poland
| | - Tomasz Tokarek
- Center for Invasive Cardiology, Electrotherapy and Angiology, Kilinskiego 68, Nowy Sacz, Poland
- Center for Innovative Medical Education, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, Krakow, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Lenart-Migdalska
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, John Paul II Hospital, Pradnicka 80, Kraków, Poland
| | - Maria Olszowska
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, John Paul II Hospital, Pradnicka 80, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anetta Undas
- Department of Thromboembolic Disorders, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Pradnicka 80, 31-202, Krakow, Poland.
- Krakow Centre for Medical Research and Technologies, the John Paul II Hospital, Pradnicka 80, Krakow, Poland.
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Hua S, Shi F, Xie Z, Wu L, Dai M, Zhang Y, Xu X, Zhu Y, Jiang J. Di-n-butyl phthalate induces oversecretion of vascular endothelium-derived NAP-2 and promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition of urothelial cells in newborn hypospadias rats. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2023; 256:114892. [PMID: 37059017 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) is a plasticizer commonly used in industrial production and is present in our daily life. It has been confirmed that DBP causes genitourinary malformations, especially hypospadias. However, the research of hypospadias mainly focusses on the genital tubercle in previous studies. In this study, we found DBP could affect the exocrine function of the vascular endothelium which disturb the development of genital nodules and induced hypospadias. We used cytokine array to find that vascular endothelium-derived NAP-2 may be a major abnormal secreted cytokine with biological functions. The transcriptomic sequencing analysis showed that abnormal activation of the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway was the main reason for increased NAP-2 secretion. The expression levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) biomarkers and NAP-2 in hypospadias animal models were detected with Immunohistochemistry, Western blot, Immunofluorescence, and ELISA methods. The expression levels of NAP-2, RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway related proteins, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in HUVEC cells, EMT biomarkers and migration capacity of urothelial cells cocultured with HUVEC were measured with ELISA, flow cytometry, Western blot or Transwell assay for further cell experiments. The results showed that DBP leaded to NAP-2 oversecretion from vascular endothelium mainly rely on the activation of RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway and ROS accumulation. The RhoA/ROCK inhibitor fasudil could partially decrease ROS production, and both fasudil and N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) could decrease NAP-2 secretion. Meanwhile, the oversecretion of NAP-2 from HUVEC in coculture system promoted EMT and migration capacity of urothelial cells, and TGF-β inhibitor LY219761 could block the aberrant activation of EMT process. Therefore, it could be concluded that DBP increase NAP-2 secretion from vascular endothelium by RhoA/ROCK/ROS pathway, and further promote EMT in urothelial cells through TGF-β pathway. This study provided a novel direction for studying the occurrence of hypospadias and may provide a hypospadias predictive marker in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Hua
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Fei Shi
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Zhiwen Xie
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Lei Wu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Mengqiao Dai
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Nursing, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yongqing Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Xinyu Xu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Yiping Zhu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China.
| | - Juntao Jiang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China.
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