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Baburaj K, Saeed A, Azam N, Durani S. Exploring borate-activated electron-rich glyoxals as the arginine-reactivity probes. The reactivities of functionally critical arginines in some representative enzymes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1991; 1078:258-64. [PMID: 2065093 DOI: 10.1016/0167-4838(91)90567-j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
4-Substituted styrylglyoxals have been synthesized and found to benefit from borate catalysis to serve as highly reactive arginine modifiers. A study of the mechanism in arginine modification has affirmed: (i) the role of electronic effects in modulating the arginine reactivity in alpha-dicarbonyls, (ii) the intermediacy in the reaction of a reversible arginine-alpha-dicarbonyl complex and (iii) the identity of the nucleophilic attack at ketone as the rate determining step in the arginine reaction with arylglyoxals. 4-Methoxystyrylglyoxal and 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)phenylglyoxal were used as the probes in analyzing some representative enzymes for the reactivities of their susceptible arginyls. The susceptible arginyls in lactate and malate dehydrogenases were thus found to be appreciably reactive while those in carboxypeptidase-A and pyruvate kinase were only moderately reactive.
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127
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Taha A, Bener A, Noah MS, Saeed A, Al-Harthy S. Smoking habits of King Saud University students in Riyadh. Ann Saudi Med 1991; 11:141-3. [PMID: 17588069 DOI: 10.5144/0256-4947.1991.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The smoking habits of 2264 students at King Saud University were investigated. Thirty-seven percent of the students smoked, and over a half smoked more than 15 cigarettes per day. Cigarettes were the main form of smoking. Most of the smokers knew about the hazards of smoking through the media and wished to stop smoking. Nonsmokers cited religious consideration and nonsmoking parents as the most important reasons for not smoking. A public health campaign is strongly recommended to reduce the prevalence of smoking.
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128
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Saeed A, Sharma AP, Durani N, Jain R, Durani S, Kapil RS. Structure-activity relationship of antiestrogens. Studies on 2,3-diaryl-1-benzopyrans. J Med Chem 1990; 33:3210-6. [PMID: 2258906 DOI: 10.1021/jm00174a018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A series of 2,3-diaryl-1-benzopyran analogues substituted at position 4 of 2-phenyl with a hydroxy or pyrrolidinoethoxy residue were synthesized as models for (E)-triarylpropenones constrained in the s-trans conformation. The prototypes, belonging to five chemical series, were evaluated for their estrogen receptor affinity and for estrogen agonist-antagonist activities. The 4H-1-benzopyran-4-one, the 2,3-dihydro-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one, the 4H-1-benzopyran, and the 2,3-dihydro-1-benzopyran derivatives were found to be inactive or only marginally activate as receptor ligands or estrogen agonists-antagonists. In the 2H-1-benzopyran category the parent phenol was also inactive whereas the basic ethers 16 and 26 were modest receptor ligands while being quite active as antiestrogens. In a comparative study the benzopyran 16 was found to be more effective antiestrogen than tamoxifen while being as effective as LY-117018. The benzopyrans have thus emerged as a new class of potent antiestrogens.
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129
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Sharma AP, Saeed A, Durani S, Kapil RS. Structure-activity relationship of antiestrogens. Effect of the side chain and its position on the activity of 2,3-diaryl-2H-1-benzopyrans. J Med Chem 1990; 33:3216-22. [PMID: 2258907 DOI: 10.1021/jm00174a019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A series of 2,3-diaryl-2H-1-benzopyrans carrying a tertiary aminoethoxy chain at the ortho, meta, or para position of 2-phenyl or an alkyl at position 4 of the pyran ring were synthesized and evaluated for their affinity for estrogen receptor (ER) and for microsomal antiestrogen specific binding site and for their uterotrophic-antiuterotrophic activities in rodents. The analogues bearing the side chain at the para position of 2-phenyl were found to be active while those substituted at the meta and ortho positions were inactive as ER ligands as well as estrogen agonists-antagonists. Among para-substituted ethers, the 2-piperidinoethoxy analogue 5 was found to be a more effective antiestrogen than the corresponding pyrrolidino, dimethylamino, and related analogues. Incorporation of a methyl or an ethyl at C4 in the pyran nucleus was found to increase receptor affinity of the prototypes. The ethyl was also found to potentiate agonist activity of the prototype while abolishing its antagonist activity. The piperidino analogue 5 was found to be a better antiestrogen than tamoxifen as well as LY-117018 in rats as well as mice. The prototypes were also found to have high affinity for the microsomal antiestrogen specific binding sites. The benzopyrans have thus emerged as a new group of potent antiestrogens.
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130
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Sharma AP, Saeed A, Durani S, Kapil RS. Structure-activity relationship of antiestrogens. Phenolic analogues of 2,3-diaryl-2H-1-benzopyrans. J Med Chem 1990; 33:3222-9. [PMID: 2258908 DOI: 10.1021/jm00174a020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Phenolic analogues of 2-[4-(2-piperidinoethoxy)phenyl]-3-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran (1), a novel antiestrogen, were synthesized and evaluated for their structure-activity relationship. Incorporation of OH at position 7 was found to improve receptor affinity of the benzopyran while having no effect on its action as an antagonist. Similar substitution of 2-phenyl as well potentiated receptor affinity as well as antagonist activity of the prototype. The monophenol 19 and the diphenol 25 were thus found to be good receptor ligands, devoid of estrogen agonist activity and associated with marked antiestrogenic activity of comparable order. Both caused nearly complete inhibition of the estradiol stimulated uterine growth in rats as well as mice and were thus found to be better antiestrogens than tamoxifen, trioxifen, and LY-117018. A binding-site model for estrogen receptor rationalizing the structure-activity relationship of benzopyrans in relation to that of the triarylethylene and the triarylpropenone antiestrogens has been discussed.
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131
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Mahdihassan S, Saeed A. The six plants considered as sacred. HAMDARD MEDICUS 1990; 33:69-73. [PMID: 11614005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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132
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Durani N, Jain R, Saeed A, Dikshit DK, Durani S, Kapil RS. Structure-activity relationship of antiestrogens: a study using triarylbutenone, benzofuran, and triarylfuran analogues as models for triarylethylenes and triarylpropenones. J Med Chem 1989; 32:1700-7. [PMID: 2754694 DOI: 10.1021/jm00128a006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In a study of the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of antiestrogens use has been made of certain 1,2,3-triarylbutenones, of 2-arylbenzofurans carrying aryl or aroyl substituents at C3, and of 2,3,4-triarylfurans as conformationally constrained models for triarylethylene (TAE) and triarylpropenone (TAP) prototypes. The position-specific contributions of substituents to receptor affinity and to agonist-antagonist profiles were used as aids in characterizing the relative binding orientation of the prototypes. Although most compounds were found to be weak receptor ligands and poorly active in vivo, the following conclusions could be drawn about their SAR: (i) (Z)-TAPs and TAEs interact with the receptor in an analogous manner using the trans-stilbene core, with their agonist-antagonist profiles depending on the nature of other substructures. (ii) Incorporation into the benzofuran framework introduces a stereoelectronic constraint that compromises the normal binding interactions of TAE, as well as TAP, prototypes, resulting in their poor affinities and weak biological activities. (iii) (E)-TAPs can interact with the receptor through their S-cis conformation, but such a binding mode is unlikely to account for their behavior as antagonists.
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Saeed A. Salvadora persica, Linn. (siwāk)--its position and heritage in Islamic dentistry. HAMDARD MEDICUS 1988; 31:75-91. [PMID: 11613986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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134
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Wassel G, el-Menshawi B, Saeed A, Mahran G, el-Merzabani M. Screening of selected plants for pyrrolizidine alkaloids and antitumor activity. DIE PHARMAZIE 1987; 42:709. [PMID: 3438333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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135
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Kelly DA, Hallett RJ, Saeed A, Morgan G, Levinsky RJ, Strobel S. Prolonged survival and late presentation of vertically transmitted HIV infection in childhood. Lancet 1987; 1:806-7. [PMID: 2882210 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(87)92830-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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136
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Morgan-Capner P, Hudson P, Cansfield JA, Saeed A. Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis by enzyme immunoassay, immunofluorescence, and cell culture. J Clin Pathol 1986; 39:232. [PMID: 3512615 PMCID: PMC499690 DOI: 10.1136/jcp.39.2.232-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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137
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Veerapen K, Bruckner FE, Halsey JP, Davidson F, Saeed A. Periostitis in secondary syphilis: a place for bone scintigraphy. J R Soc Med 1985; 78:721-4. [PMID: 4045902 PMCID: PMC1289891 DOI: 10.1177/014107688507800906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Two cases of secondary syphilis are reported with periostitis as the main presenting feature. Technetium-99m bone scintigraphy was found to be superior to radiography in both defining the extent of involvement and in picking up early lesions.
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138
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Saeed A, Durani N, Durani S, Ray S, Kapil RS. Cis isomer of centchroman--a selective ligand for the microsomal antiestrogen binding site. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1984; 125:346-52. [PMID: 6508803 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(84)80374-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Several compounds structurally related to the triarylethylene antiestrogens, but possessing weak estrogen receptor affinities, were assessed for their ability to interact with the microsomal antiestrogen binding site. While all the compounds tested did interact with this site their relative affinities were somewhat lower than that of tamoxifen. One of these, viz., the cis isomer of centchroman, has however emerged as a selective ligand for the antiestrogen binding site since its estrogen receptor affinity is nearly 50,000 times lower on a relative scale.
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139
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Saeed A, Kumar R, Srivastava AK, Rahman H, Agarwal VK. An outbreak of poliomyelitis in Allahabad. Indian Pediatr 1980; 17:757-61. [PMID: 7239693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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140
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Saeed A, de Boeck S, Debruyne I, Wouters J, Stockx J. Hen's egg yolk cholinesterase. Purification, characterization and comparison with hen's liver and blood plasma cholinesterase. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1980; 614:389-99. [PMID: 7407196 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2744(80)90228-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The cholinesterase (acylcholine acylkhydrolase, EC 3.1.1.8) of chicken egg yolk was partly purified and characterized. It was compared to homologous enzymes of liver and blood plasma of laying hens. During gel filtration, yolk and liver cholinesterase were resolved into two fractions. Blood plasma cholinesterase showed one form only, identical with yolk and liver cholinesterase 1 *** (EC 3.1.1.8). This form has an Mr of 440 000 and may be a tetramer of a cholinesterase form present in yolk and liver (Mr 104 000). Substrate specificity, pH optima, Km values, the influence of effectors (ammonium derivatives, choline, eserine, fluoride), gel filtration, gel electrophoresis, isoelectric focusing and affinity chromatography, all point to a very close similarity, if not identity, of the corresponding forms.
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141
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Saeed A, Roy RB, Huq MA. Two-day treatment of trichomoniasis in the female--a comparison of metronidazole and nimorazole. THE BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PRACTICE 1980; 34:41-4. [PMID: 7387822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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142
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Saeed A, Roy RB. Evaluation & comparison of single dose oral treatment of uncomplicated gonococcal urethritis in males with talampicillin & minocycline. THE BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PRACTICE 1979; 33:199-201. [PMID: 526424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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143
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Hayward MJ, Saeed A. Acute Reiter's disease--a reappraisal in retrospect. THE BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PRACTICE 1978; 32:253-4, 257. [PMID: 737118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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144
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Saeed A, De Boeck S, Stockx J. The hen's egg yolk cholinesterase(s): purification by affinity chromatography [proceedings]. ARCHIVES INTERNATIONALES DE PHYSIOLOGIE ET DE BIOCHIMIE 1977; 85:1016-7. [PMID: 79350 DOI: 10.3109/13813457709053338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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145
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De Boeck S, Willems J, Saeed A, Stockx J. Cholinesterase activities in the hen's egg. ARCHIVES INTERNATIONALES DE PHYSIOLOGIE ET DE BIOCHIMIE 1974; 82:977-8. [PMID: 4142726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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