126
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Weickert MO, Möhlig M, Koebnick C, Osterhoff MA, Ristow M, Rochlitz H, Rudovich N, Spranger J, Pfeiffer AFH. Beneficial effects of dietary wheat and oat fibre are independent of colonic fermentation. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-862866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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127
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Möhlig M, Klonower C, Spranger J, Osterhoff M, Ristow M, Pfeiffer AF. PPARγ Pro12Ala polymorphism not associated with metabolic syndrome in a German cohort. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-862961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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128
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Otto B, Rochlitz H, Möhlig M, Burget L, Kampe J, Pfluger P, Castenada T, Krishna R, Bodani U, Mehta K, Cuntz U, Tschöp M, Bidlingmaier M, Pfeiffer A, Spranger J. Circulating Concentrations of Human Peptide YY: Influence of Acute and Chronic Energy Balance Changes. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-862856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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129
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Möhlig M, Jürgens A, Tepe J, Spranger J, Pfeiffer AF, Schlösser HW, Brabant G, Nieschlag E, Gromoll J, Schöfl C. The CAG repeat polymorphism in the androgen receptor gene associates with body muscle mass in PCOS women. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-862822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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130
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Osterhoff MA, Herrmann M, Lazdins M, Kaiser S, Assert R, Weickert MO, Spranger J, Möhlig M, Pfeiffer AFH. Association of two genetic markers within the protein kinase C beta gene with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-862960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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131
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Bhargava R, Leonard NJ, Chan AKJ, Spranger J. Autosomal dominant inheritance of spondyloenchondrodysplasia. Am J Med Genet A 2005; 135:282-8. [PMID: 15887273 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.30732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Spondyloenchondrodysplasia comprises generalized enchondromatosis with platyspondyly and is thought to be inherited as an autosomal recessive condition. A mother and son are reported with typical features of spondyloenchondrodysplasia. Their similar radiographic and MRI findings are presented. The radiologic appearance of the spine changed over time, illustrating the evolving phenotype of this condition. Transmission from mother to son suggests that dominant pattern of inheritance is possible. A classification of the enchondromatoses is discussed.
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132
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133
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Weißgerber P, Berendonk H, Spranger J, Vochem M. Diagnose einer Mucolipidose II (i-cell disease) im Neugeborenenalter. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-829239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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134
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Spranger J, Ristow M, Otto B, Heldwein W, Tschöp M, Pfeiffer AFH, Möhlig M. Insulin is not mandatory for postprandial decrease of human plasma ghrelin. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-819220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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135
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Möhlig M, Spranger J, Pfeiffer AFH, Brabant G, Schöfl C. Risk indicators for glucose intolerance in PCOS women with fasting normoglycemia. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-819258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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136
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Möhlig M, Klonower C, Spranger J, Osterhoff M, Ristow M, Pfeiffer AFH, Schöfl C. PPAR gamma Pro12Ala not associated with insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-819262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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137
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Rochlitz H, Möhlig M, Wittchen F, Spranger J, Osterhoff M, Isken F, Pfeiffer AFH. Insulin resistance and Intima-Media Thickness (IMT) in Healthy Individuals. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-819264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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138
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Möhlig M, Ristow M, Pfeiffer AFH, Spranger J. Acetylsalicylic acid improves fat induced insulin resistance in vivo in man. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-819214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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139
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Möhlig M, Spranger J, Osterhoff M, Ristow M, Brabant G, Pfeiffer AFH, Schöfl C. C-174G IL-6 promoter polymorphism (C-174G) is not associated with IL-6, obesity or hyperandrogenism in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-819217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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140
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Spranger J, Boeing H, Möhlig M, Kroke A, Hoffmann K, Ristow M, Pfeiffer AFH. Adiponectin and inflammatory markers independently affect diabetes risk. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-819110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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141
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Spranger J, Boeing H, Möhlig M, Müller S, Osterhoff M, Ristow M, Hoffmann K, Kroke A, Pfeiffer AFH. Influence of a common adiponectin-promoter polymorphism (-11377 G/C) on diabetes risk. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-819160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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142
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Pomplun D, Möhlig M, Spranger J, Pfeiffer AFH, Ristow M. Elevation of blood glucose following anaesthetic treatment in C57BL/6 mice. Horm Metab Res 2004; 36:67-9. [PMID: 14983410 DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-814104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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143
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Rajab A, Khaburi M, Spranger S, Kunze J, Spranger J. Congenital generalized lipodystrophy, mental retardation, deafness, short stature, and slender bones: a newly recognized syndrome? Am J Med Genet A 2003; 121A:271-6. [PMID: 12923870 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.20245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
We present three patients with congenital generalized lipodystrophy, sensorineural deafness, low birth weight, short stature, delayed cognitive development, and progressive bone changes characterized by overtubulation and rarefaction of long bones with dense metaphyseal striations occurring in adolescence. Abnormalities of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, hepatosplenomegaly, acanthosis nigricans, and hirsutism were not found. Comparison of the condition of these patients with known syndromic lipodystrophies suggests that they represent a previously unrecognized genetic disorder. The occurrence in sibs born to consanguineous parents and a third patient from the same tribal unit suggest autosomal recessive inheritance.
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144
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Spranger J, Ristow M, Otto B, Heldwein W, Tschöp M, Pfeiffer AFH, Möhlig M. Post-prandial decrease of human plasma ghrelin in the absence of insulin. J Endocrinol Invest 2003; 26:RC19-22. [PMID: 14669821 DOI: 10.1007/bf03347349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Ghrelin is the most powerful orexigenic hormone in mammalian physiology. Ghrelin plasma concentrations increase prior to meal onset, but decrease post-prandially. We and others reported previously that insulin reduces circulating ghrelin levels and might therefore be a driving force for post-prandial suppression of ghrelin. To test the influence of insulin on post-prandial ghrelin regulation, a patient with Type I diabetes with complete insulin deficiency received a low glycemic index meal and subsequently an additional high glycemic index meal in the absence of insulin substitution. Subsequently, a sc injection of 0.08 IU Lispro insulin per kg body weight was given. Results were compared to those of a healthy control subject matched for sex, age and body mass index, which was undergoing the same test series (without Lispro bolus) in the presence of endogenous post-prandial insulin secretion. A substantial decrease of plasma ghrelin levels was observed in the insulin-deficient patient following low glycemic index carbohydrate load (27% plasma ghrelin decrease). The subsequent exposure to a high glycemic index meal resulted in a slight additional reduction of ghrelin levels (32% from baseline), while Lispro bolus did not induce further changes in circulating ghrelin (27% of baseline at termination). This post-prandial response was comparable to that of the healthy control subject (33% reduction after the first meal, 40% after the second meal). These data tentatively suggest that post-prandial secretion of ghrelin is not exclusively regulated by plasma insulin or plasma glucose but may depend on other metabolic factors yet to be identified.
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145
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Ballhausen D, Bonafé L, Terhal P, Unger SL, Bellus G, Classen M, Hamel BC, Spranger J, Zabel B, Cohn DH, Cole WG, Hecht JT, Superti-Furga A. Recessive multiple epiphyseal dysplasia (rMED): phenotype delineation in eighteen homozygotes for DTDST mutation R279W. J Med Genet 2003; 40:65-71. [PMID: 12525546 PMCID: PMC1735262 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.40.1.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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146
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Möhlig M, Spranger J, Otto B, Ristow M, Tschöp M, Pfeiffer AFH. Euglycemic hyperinsulinemia, but not lipid infusion, decreases circulating ghrelin levels in humans. J Endocrinol Invest 2002; 25:RC36-8. [PMID: 12553549 DOI: 10.1007/bf03344062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The orexigenic and anabolic gastric hormone ghrelin is secreted in response to acute and chronic energy requirements. While pre-prandial increases and post-prandial decreases of plasma ghrelin levels in rodents and humans seem to indicate a role for the novel peptide hormone as an afferent meal initiator or "hunger hormone", the precise mechanisms which are suppressing ghrelin secretion in response to caloric intake remain largely unknown. We show here that human ghrelin levels decrease by almost 50% under hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp conditions (no.=4, p=0.001), revealing physiologically relevant increases of insulin levels as an independent determinant of circulating ghrelin levels. In a second study, 3-4-fold increased plasma free fatty acid levels, as another metabolic candidate for the modulation of circulating ghrelin concentrations, were generated by constant lipid infusion, but failed to change plasma ghrelin. Simultaneous elevation of free fatty acids and insulin again markedly decreased ghrelin concentration (no.=4, p=0.01). Insulin induced suppression of circulating ghrelin levels (or the lack thereof) could be a mechanism with relevance for the understanding of the (patho-) physiology of meal initiation and termination, the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome and for the development of respective therapeutic perspectives.
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147
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Möhlig M, Wegewitz U, Osterhoff M, Isken F, Ristow M, Pfeiffer AFH, Spranger J. Insulin decreases human adiponectin plasma levels. Horm Metab Res 2002; 34:655-8. [PMID: 12660877 DOI: 10.1055/s-2002-38248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia are known atherosclerosis risk factors. The association between adiponectin plasma levels and obesity, insulinemia, and atherosclerosis has been shown. Thus, adiponectin may be a link between hyperinsulinemia and vascular disease. In vitro data demonstrated a reduction of adiponectin expression by insulin. However, it is still unclear whether insulin regulates adiponectinemia in vivo in humans. Five healthy male volunteers were studied. Circulating adiponectin levels were determined before and during hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp. Adiponectin was measured by radioimmunoassay. Hyperinsulinemia (85.0 +/- 33.2 at baseline vs. 482.8 +/- 64.4 pmol/l during steady state; p < 0.01) was achieved using a euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp, keeping blood glucose levels basically unchanged during the intervention (4.6 +/- 0.14 vs. 4.37 +/- 0.15 mmol/l, respectively; ns). We found a significant decrease of adiponectin plasma levels during the steady state of hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp (26.7 +/- 3.5 micro g/ml) compared to baseline levels (30.4 +/- 5 micro g/ml; p < 0.05). Hyperinsulinemia caused a significant decrease of adiponectin plasma levels under euglycemic conditions. Considering existing data about adiponectin dependent effects, hypoadiponectinemia might at least partly be a link between hyperinsulinemia and vascular disease in metabolic syndrome.
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148
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Queisser-Luft A, Stolz G, Wiesel A, Schlaefer K, Spranger J. Malformations in newborn: results based on 30,940 infants and fetuses from the Mainz congenital birth defect monitoring system (1990-1998). Arch Gynecol Obstet 2002; 266:163-7. [PMID: 12197558 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-001-0265-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Prevalence rates of birth defects in the Federal Republic of Germany are informative to assess the general background risk of having a child with a birth defect. They provide basic figures to determine temporal and regional prevalence trends, to evaluate and initiate preventive measures and to initiate research projects. To avoid observer, definition and collection bias, active monitoring systems are required. Data collected in the active monitoring system of the Mainz Birth Defects Registry are presented. From 1990-1998, 30,940 live-births, stillbirths and abortions underwent standardized physical and sonographic examinations. Anamnestic data were collected from prenatal care records, maternity files and hospital records. Major malformations were diagnosed in 2144 (6.9%) and mild errors of morphogenesis in 11,104 (35.8%) of all infants. Risk factors associated with the occurrence of major malformations were identified by comparing anamnestic data from infants with and without major malformations. Using multivariate regression models, statistically significant associations were established for 9 risk factors. Causally related risk factors were parents or siblings with malformations, parental consanguinity, more than 3 minor errors of morphogenesis in the proband, maternal diabetes mellitus and ingestion of antiallergic drugs in the first trimester of pregnancy. Conjunctional risk factors were polyhydramnios, oligohydramnios and gestational age <32 weeks at birth. Using these risk factors, populations at risk for the occurrence of major malformation can be identified.
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149
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Spranger J, Pfeiffer AF. New concepts in pathogenesis and treatment of diabetic retinopathy. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2002; 109 Suppl 2:S438-50. [PMID: 11460590 DOI: 10.1055/s-2001-18601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Retinal neovascularization is a major feature of proliferative diabetic retinopathy, which represents a major public health problem, being responsible for more irreversible blindness in persons of middle and older age than any other pathology. The societal burden of ocular neovascularization has prompted extensive research into its mechanisms. The aim of this review will be to briefly summarize the current knowledge regarding the clinical and laboratory findings of diabetic retinopathy. From an investigational view, studies of ocular neovascularization provide important informations, often permitting real-time, serial observations of neovascularization in vivo. This allows investigators to analyse the relevance of specific pathogenic concepts regarding the mechanisms of angiogenesis in vivo. This review will additionally describe current concepts regarding the pathogenesis and treatment of diabetic retinopathy.
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150
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Spranger J, Osterhoff M, Reimann M, Möhlig M, Ristow M, Francis MK, Cristofalo V, Hammes HP, Smith G, Boulton M, Pfeiffer AF. Loss of the antiangiogenic pigment epithelium-derived factor in patients with angiogenic eye disease. Diabetes 2001; 50:2641-5. [PMID: 11723044 DOI: 10.2337/diabetes.50.12.2641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Retinal neovascularization characterizes proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) has been shown to be a major antiangiogenic growth factor in the mammalian eye. PEDF expression is suppressed by hypoxia, and changes in PEDF have been correlated to the development of retinal neovascularization in animal models of hypoxic eye disease. However, whether this concept of a reduced angiogenesis inhibitor holds true in humans is as yet unclear. In this study, we analyzed the in vivo regulation of PEDF in patients with and without hypoxic eye disease. We used immunoblots to measure PEDF in ocular fluids obtained from 64 nondiabetic and diabetic patients. In addition, immunohistochemistry of PEDF was carried out in specimens of normal human retinas and retinas with various degrees of diabetic retinopathy. The PEDF concentrations in patients with PDR (P < 0.001) or extensive nondiabetic retinal neovascularization caused by retinal-vein occlusion (P < 0.001) were lower than in control patients. Levels of PEDF were replenished in PDR patients with previous retinal scatter photocoagulation compared with PDR patients without previous photocoagulation (P = 0.01). Immunohistochemistry revealed an interstitial staining pattern as expected for a secreted protein, with an intense staining in retinas of patients without proliferative eye disease. However, in patients with PDR, little or no staining was detectable. Our data strongly support the concept that retinal angiogenesis is induced by loss of the major angiogenesis inhibitor in the eye, PEDF, in combination with an increased expression of angiogenic growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor. Our findings suggest that substitution of angiogenesis inhibitors may be an effective approach in the treatment of PDR.
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