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Nagamine E, Hirayama K, Matsuda K, Okamoto M, Ohmachi T, Kadosawa T, Taniyama H. Diversity of Histologic Patterns and Expression of Cytoskeletal Proteins in Canine Skeletal Osteosarcoma. Vet Pathol 2015; 52:977-84. [PMID: 25770040 DOI: 10.1177/0300985815574006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS), the most common bone tumor, includes OS of the head (OSH) and appendicular OS (OSA). In dogs, it is classified into 6 histologic subtypes: osteoblastic, chondroblastic, fibroblastic, telangiectatic, giant cell, and poorly differentiated. This study investigated the significance of the histologic classification relevant to clinical outcome and the histologic and immunohistochemical relationships between pleomorphism and expression of cytoskeletal proteins in 60 cases each of OSH and OSA. Most neoplasms exhibited histologic diversity, and 64% of OS contained multiple subtypes. In addition to the above 6 subtypes, myxoid, round cell, and epithelioid subtypes were observed. Although the epithelioid subtypes were observed in only OSH, no significant difference in the frequency of other subtypes was observed. Also, no significant relevance was observed between the clinical outcome and histologic subtypes. Cytokeratin (CK) was expressed in both epithelioid and sarcomatoid tumor cells in various subtypes, and all CK-positive tumor cells also expressed vimentin. Vimentin and α-smooth muscle actin (SMA) were expressed in all subtypes. A few SMA-positive spindle-shaped tumor cells exhibited desmin expression. Glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive tumor cells were observed in many subtypes, and some of these cells showed neurofilament expression. Although OSH exhibited significantly stronger immunoreactivity for SMA than OSA, no significant difference in other cytoskeletal proteins was observed. Some tumor cells had cytoskeletal protein expression compatible with the corresponding histologic subtypes, such as CK in the epithelioid subtype and SMA in the fibroblastic subtype. Thus, canine skeletal OS is composed of pleomorphic and heterogenous tumor cells as is reflected in the diversity of histologic patterns and expression of cytoskeletal proteins.
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Taira K, Yazawa R, Watanabe A, Ishikawa Y, Okamoto M, Takahashi A, Asai F. Syphacia muris infection delays the onset of hyperglycemia in WBN/Kob-Lepr
fa rats, a new type 2 diabetes mellitus model. Helminthologia 2015. [DOI: 10.1515/helmin-2015-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Summary
Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common endocrine disorders and its continuous global increase is due to factors as population growth, urbanization, aging, and increasing prevalence of obesity and physical inactivity. The effect of pinworm infection on the development of hyperglycemia was examined in WBN/K-Lepf (fa/fa) rats, a new model of the obese type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with pancreatitis. The rats were orally administered Syphacia muris eggs (infected group) and distilled water (control group). Hyperglycemia onset in the infected group was significantly delayed compared to the control group. Neither body weight nor intake of food and water were affected by S. muris infection. This study demonstrated that S. muris infection delayed the onset of T2DM in fa/fa rats and suggested that elucidation of the underlying mechanism and relevant pathways in the helminth-mediated protection may lead to the development of a new strategy to prevent diabetes mellitus.
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128
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Takeuchi J, Ohnishi T, Okamoto M, Todoroki Y. Conformationally restricted 3′-modified ABA analogs for controlling ABA receptors. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:4278-88. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob02662d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
(+)-PAO4 is a conformationally restricted analog of AS6 that was synthesized to improve the affinity for PYL proteins.
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Okamoto M, Nasu K, Abe W, Aoyagi Y, Kawano Y, Kai K, Moriyama M, Narahara H. Enhanced miR-210 expression promotes the pathogenesis of endometriosis through activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3. Hum Reprod 2014; 30:632-41. [PMID: 25516558 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deu332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION What are the roles of the microRNA miR-210-an miRNA that is up-regulated in endometriotic cyst stromal cells (ECSCs)-in the pathogenesis of endometriosis? SUMMARY ANSWER Up-regulated miR-210 expression in ECSCs is involved in their proliferation, resistance to apoptosis and angiogenesis through signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY In the pathogenesis of endometriosis, a number of roles for microRNAs (miRNAs) are becoming apparent. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION ECSCs and normal endometrial stromal cells (NESCs) were isolated from ovarian endometriotic tissues (patients aged 24-40 years undergoing salpingo-oophorectomy or evisceration for the treatment of ovarian endometriotic cysts, n = 10) and the eutopic endometrial tissues without endometriosis (premenopausal patients aged 35-45 years undergoing hysterectomies for subserousal leiomyoma, n = 13), respectively. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS We used a global gene expression microarray technique to identify downstream targets of miR-210, and we assessed the functions of miR-210 in the pathogenesis of endometriosis by using the miR-210-transfected NESCs. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Gene expression microarray analysis revealed that one of the key target molecules of miR-210 is STAT3. In the NESCs, in comparison to the control, miR-210 transfection resulted in the induction of cell proliferation (P < 0.0005), the production of vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) (P < 0.0005) and the inhibition of apoptosis (P < 0.05) through STAT3 activation [increased levels of mRNA (P < 0.0005), and protein (P < 0.005)]. In the ECSCs, inhibitors of STAT3 inhibited the cell proliferation and VEGF production (P < 0.05), and induced the apoptosis of these cells (P < 0.05). LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The roles of aberrant miR-210 expression were investigated only in the stromal component of ectopic and eutopic endometrium. Control endometrial tissues were obtained from premenopausal patients who had subserosal leiomyoma and NESC gene expression patterns may be altered in these women. Furthermore, the effects of STAT3 inhibitors were evaluated only in ECSCs and not in NESCs. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The present findings indicate that miR-210 induces NESCs to differentiate into the endometriotic phenotype and we speculate that up-regulated miR-210 expression in ECSCs is involved in the creation of the endometriosis-specific cellular dysfunctions through epigenetic mechanisms. The data indicate that STAT3 inhibitors may be promising candidates for the treatment of endometriosis. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS This work was supported in part by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (no. 13237327 to K.N., no. 25861500 to Y.K. and no. 23592407 to H.N.). There are no conflicts of interest to declare.
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Kai K, Nasu K, Aoyagi Y, Tsukamoto Y, Hijiya N, Okamoto M, Moriyama M, Narahara H. DR6 is epigenetically involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis by creating the proliferative and anti-apoptotic characteristics. J Reprod Immunol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2014.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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131
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Inoue K, Hanaoka Y, Nishijima T, Okamoto M, Chang H, Saito T, Soya H. Long-term mild exercise training enhances hippocampus-dependent memory in rats. Int J Sports Med 2014; 36:280-5. [PMID: 25429548 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1390465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Although exercise training improves hippocampus-related cognition, the optimum exercise intensity is still disputed. Based on the lactate threshold (LT, approximately 20 m/min on treadmill) of rats, we have shown that 2 weeks of training with stress-free mild exercise (ME, <LT), but not intense exercise (IE, >LT), comprising exercise stress, promotes adult hippocampal neurogenesis (Okamoto et al., PNAS, 2012), a potential substrate for memory improvement. These results led us to postulate that long-term ME, but not IE, training leads to improved hippocampal function as assessed with a Morris water maze (MWM) task. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the changes in physiological stress levels and MWM task performance in rats assigned to 6 weeks of sedentary control (CONT), ME-training or IE-training conditions. Results showed that, compared to the other conditions, only IE causes general adaptive syndrome (GAS), including adrenal hypertrophy, thymic atrophy and hypercorticosteronemia. In the MWM, ME led to enhanced memory, but not learning, compared with CONT, while IE produced no change in either capacity, probably due to GAS. These findings support the hypothesis that 6 weeks of continuous ME training leads to enhanced hippocampus-related memory, which may have implications for both healthy adults and subjects with low physical capacity.
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Ikushima H, Takase S, Kawai Y, Itoh Y, Okamoto M, Tanaka H. Structure and Synthesis of New Anticoccidial Antibiotics Isolated from Streptomyces Auranticolor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00021369.1983.10865932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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133
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Shinozaki T, Ebihara M, Iwase S, Yamaguchi T, Hirakawa H, Shimbashi W, Kamijo T, Okamoto M, Beppu T, Ohori J, Matsuura K, Suzuki M, Nishino H, Sato Y, Ariyoshi K, Matoba M. Symptom Prevalence and Functional Status Among Patients with Advanced Cancers of the Head and Neck. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu340.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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134
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Okonogi N, Suzuki Y, Yokoo H, Ohgaki H, Sato H, Oike T, Yoshimoto Y, Noda S, Okamoto M, Nakano T. Therapeutic Impact of Intravenous-Injection of Microglia on Radiation Therapy for Malignant Glioma Arising in S100beta-v-erbB Transgenic Rat. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.2302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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135
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Goda H, Okamoto M, Nakashiro K, Tano T, Fujita Y, Hamakawa H. Clinical implication of interleukin-6 and angiogenesis in cN0 oral cancer strictly defined by sentinel node biopsy. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2014.06.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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136
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Fukushima M, Okamoto Y, Katsumata H, Ishikawa M, Ishii S, Okamoto M, Minami S. Growth hormone ameliorates adipose dysfunction during oxidative stress and inflammation and improves glucose tolerance in obese mice. Horm Metab Res 2014; 46:656-62. [PMID: 24995855 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1381998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Patients with adult growth hormone deficiency exhibit visceral fat accumulation, which gives rise to a cluster of metabolic disorders such as impaired glucose tolerance and dyslipidemia. Plasma growth hormone levels are lower in obese patients with metabolic syndrome than in healthy subjects. Here we examined the hypothesis that exogenous growth hormone administration regulates function of adipose tissue to improve glucose tolerance in diet-induced obese mice. Twelve-week-old obese male C57BL/6 J mice received bovine growth hormone daily for 6 weeks. In epididymal fat, growth hormone treatment antagonized diet-induced changes in the gene expression of adiponectin, leptin, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and significantly increased the gene expression of interleukin-10 and CD206. Growth hormone also suppressed the accumulation of oxidative stress marker, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, in the epididymal fat and enhanced the gene expression of anti-oxidant enzymes. Moreover, growth hormone significantly restored glucose tolerance in obese mice. In cultured 3T3-L1 adipocytes, growth hormone prevented the decline in adiponectin gene expression in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. These results suggest that growth hormone administration ameliorates glucose intolerance in obese mice presumably by decreasing adipose mass, oxidative stress, and chronic inflammation in the visceral fat.
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Matsumura M, Mizuno Y, Okamoto M, Sawa N, Katayama Y, Shimoyama N, Kawagishi N, Miura K. Long-term complete remission of multiple extranodal natural killer/T-cell-type posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder after surgical resection: a case report. Transplant Proc 2014; 46:2373-6. [PMID: 25011572 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2014.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Revised: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is a life-threatening complication of organ transplantation that results from immunosuppression therapy. Most cases of PTLD derive from the B-cell lineage. T-cell PTLD, particularly natural killer (NK)/T-cell PTLD, is quite rare; only a few cases have been described. CASE REPORT A 42-year-old woman received a living-related renal allograft from her father. Sixteen years after transplantation, the patient presented with a 1-week history of low-grade fever and epigastralgia. Computed tomography revealed intestinal masses and a right upper lung lobe mass. Gallium scintigraphy showed uptake in the abdominal mass. Epstein-Barr virus-related antibody was not detected in the patient's serum sample. We performed extirpation of the jejunum and ileum tumors. The pathologic findings showed that these 2 tumors were NK/T-cell lymphoma. After the operation, the lung mass rapidly enlarged, and right upper lobectomy was performed. The right upper lung lobe tumor showed the same histopathologic findings as the small bowel tumor. The final histologic diagnosis was established as multiple extranodal NK/T cell type PTLD of the small bowel and right upper lung lobe. CONCLUSIONS After reduction of the immunosuppressive agent, no recurrence of PTLD has been observed for the past 9 years.
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Katada C, Muto M, Tanabe S, Higuchi K, Sasaki T, Azuma M, Ishido K, Katada N, Sakuramoto S, Yamashita K, Masaki T, Nakayama M, Okamoto M, Koizumi W. Factors associated with the presence of multiple Lugol-voiding lesions in patients with esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma. Dis Esophagus 2014; 27:457-62. [PMID: 23009284 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-2050.2012.01429.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Multicentric squamous dysplasia of the esophagus is characterized by multiple Lugol-voiding lesions (LVLs) on Lugol chromoendoscopy. Multiple LVLs are associated with a very high risk of multiple cancers arising in the esophagus as well as the head and neck. To gain insight into the pathogenesis of multiple LVLs of the esophageal mucosa, we studied risk factors for the development of such lesions in 76 patients who had a current or previous diagnosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. All patients underwent Lugol chromoendoscopy of the esophageal mucosa. The history of tobacco and alcohol use was documented. Polymorphisms of the aldehyde dehydrogenase type 2 (ALDH2) gene were identified by polymerase chain reaction using sequence-specific primers. Clinical factors related to multiple LVLs were analyzed. All patients with multiple LVLs were drinkers. On univariate analysis, male sex (odds ratio [OR] 15, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.84-122.45: P = 0.011), presence of the ALDH2-2 allele (OR 4.5, 95% CI 1.55-13.24: P = 0.006), and smoking index ≥1000 (OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.02-6.6: P = 0.045) were associated with multiple LVLs. On multivariate analysis, male sex (OR 10.02, 95% CI 1.13-88.44: P = 0.038) and presence of the ALDH2-2 allele (OR 4.56, 95% CI 1.4-14.82: P = 0.012) were associated with multiple LVLs. Among drinkers, a daily alcohol intake of ≥100 g pure ethanol with the ALDH2-2 allele (OR 17.5, 95% CI 1.97-155.59: P = 0.01) and a daily alcohol intake of <100 g pure ethanol with the ALDH2-2 allele (OR 8.85, 95% CI 1.68-46.69: P = 0.01) more strongly correlated with multiple LVLs than did a daily alcohol intake of <100 g pure ethanol without the ALDH2-2 allele, whereas a daily alcohol intake of ≥100 g pure ethanol without the ALDH2-2 allele (OR 4.0, 95% CI 0.54-29.81: P = 0.18) did not. In conclusion, male sex and the ALDH2-2 allele are associated with an increased risk for multiple LVLs of the esophageal mucosa in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Among drinkers with the ALDH2-2 allele, the risk of multiple LVLs increased in parallel to the daily alcohol intake.
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Yamazaki M, Ueda H, Fukuda K, Okamoto M, Yui S. Priming Effects of Vegetable Juice on Endogenous Production of Tumor Necrosis Factor. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 56:149. [PMID: 1368128 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.56.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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140
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Saito N, Haniu H, Usui Y, Aoki K, Hara K, Takanashi S, Shimizu M, Narita N, Okamoto M, Kobayashi S, Nomura H, Kato H, Nishimura N, Taruta S, Endo M. Safe clinical use of carbon nanotubes as innovative biomaterials. Chem Rev 2014; 114:6040-79. [PMID: 24720563 PMCID: PMC4059771 DOI: 10.1021/cr400341h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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141
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Fujii Y, Nomura M, Okamoto M, Onitsuka H, Kawakami F, Takeda K. An Anomalous Isotope Effect of 235U in U(IV)-U(VI) Chemical Exchange. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1515/zna-1989-0507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The abundance ratios of 234U, 235U, 236U and 238U were determined by mass spectrometry on uranium samples obtained from a chromatographic uranium enrichment process based on the U(IV) - U(VI) chemical exchange reaction. According to standard theory, the elementary isotope effect in processes based on equilibrium chemical exchange is proportional to the mass difference of the isotopes. In the present work this has been confirmed for 234U, 236U and 238U. However, according to the observed data the fractionation between 234U and 235U is much smaller than the one between 235U and 236U in spite of the same mass difference in either isotopic pair. The anomaly of the fractionation is concluded to be due to the characteristics of 235U, which is the only odd mass number isotope in the present system.
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Takeuchi J, Okamoto M, Akiyama T, Muto T, Yajima S, Sue M, Seo M, Kanno Y, Kamo T, Endo A, Nambara E, Hirai N, Ohnishi T, Cutler SR, Todoroki Y. Designed abscisic acid analogs as antagonists of PYL-PP2C receptor interactions. Nat Chem Biol 2014; 10:477-82. [PMID: 24792952 DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.1524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The plant stress hormone abscisic acid (ABA) is critical for several abiotic stress responses. ABA signaling is normally repressed by group-A protein phosphatases 2C (PP2Cs), but stress-induced ABA binds Arabidopsis PYR/PYL/RCAR (PYL) receptors, which then bind and inhibit PP2Cs. X-ray structures of several receptor-ABA complexes revealed a tunnel above ABA's 3' ring CH that opens at the PP2C binding interface. Here, ABA analogs with sufficiently long 3' alkyl chains were predicted to traverse this tunnel and block PYL-PP2C interactions. To test this, a series of 3'-alkylsulfanyl ABAs were synthesized with different alkyl chain lengths. Physiological, biochemical and structural analyses revealed that a six-carbon alkyl substitution produced a potent ABA antagonist that was sufficiently active to block multiple stress-induced ABA responses in vivo. This study provides a new approach for the design of ABA analogs, and the results validated structure-based design for this target class.
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143
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Saito S, Okamoto M, Shinoda S, Kushiro T, Koshiba T, Kamiya Y, Hirai N, Todoroki Y, Sakata K, Nambara E, Mizutani M. A Plant Growth Retardant, Uniconazole, Is a Potent Inhibitor of ABA Catabolism inArabidopsis. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 70:1731-9. [PMID: 16819156 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.60077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Plant growth retardants (PGRs) reduce the shoot growth of plants by inhibiting gibberellin biosynthesis. In this study, we performed detailed analyses of the inhibitory effects of PGRs on Arabidopsis abscisic acid (ABA) 8'-hydroxylase, a major ABA catabolic enzyme, recently identified as CYP707As. In an in vitro assay with CYP707A3 microsomes expressed in insect cells, uniconazole-P inhibited CYP707A3 activity more effectively than paclobutrazol or tetcyclacis, whereas the other PGRs tested did not inhibit it significantly. Uniconazole-P was found to be a strong competitive inhibitor (K(i)=8.0 nM) of ABA 8'-hydroxylase. Uniconazole-P-treated Arabidopsis plants showed enhanced drought tolerance. In uniconazole-P-treated plants, endogenous ABA levels increased 2-fold as compared with the control, and co-application of GA(4) did not suppress the effects, indicating that the effects were not due to gibberellin deficiency. Thus uniconazole-P effectively inhibits ABA catabolism in Arabidopsis plants. We also discuss the structure-activity relationship of the azole-type compounds on ABA 8'-hydroxylase inhibitory activity.
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Haniu H, Saito N, Matsuda Y, Tsukahara T, Usui Y, Maruyama K, Takanashi S, Aoki K, Kobayashi S, Nomura H, Tanaka M, Okamoto M, Kato H. Biological responses according to the shape and size of carbon nanotubes in BEAS-2B and MESO-1 cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:1979-90. [PMID: 24790438 PMCID: PMC4000181 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s58661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the influence of the shape and size of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and cup-stacked carbon nanotubes (CSCNTs) on biological responses in vitro. Three types of MWCNTs – VGCF®-X, VGCF®-S, and VGCF® (vapor grown carbon fibers; with diameters of 15, 80, and 150 nm, respectively) – and three CSCNTs of different lengths (CS-L, 20–80 μm; CS-S, 0.5–20 μm; and CS-M, of intermediate length) were tested. Human bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B) and malignant pleural mesothelioma cells were exposed to the CNTs (1–50 μg/mL), and cell viability, permeability, uptake, total reactive oxygen species/superoxide production, and intracellular acidity were measured. CSCNTs were less toxic than MWCNTs in both cell types over a 24-hour exposure period. The cytotoxicity of endocytosed MWCNTs varied according to cell type/size, while that of CSCNTs depended on tube length irrespective of cell type. CNT diameter and length influenced cell aggregation and injury extent. Intracellular acidity increased independently of lysosomal activity along with the number of vacuoles in BEAS-2B cells exposed for 24 hours to either CNT (concentration, 10 μg/mL). However, total reactive oxygen species/superoxide generation did not contribute to cytotoxicity. The results demonstrate that CSCNTs could be suitable for biological applications and that CNT shape and size can have differential effects depending on cell type, which can be exploited in the development of highly specialized, biocompatible CNTs.
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145
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Okamoto M, Udagawa N, Uehara S, Maeda K, Yamashita T, Nakamichi Y, Kato H, Saito N, Minami Y, Takahashi N, Kobayashi Y. Noncanonical Wnt5a enhances Wnt/β-catenin signaling during osteoblastogenesis. Sci Rep 2014; 4:4493. [PMID: 24670389 PMCID: PMC3967152 DOI: 10.1038/srep04493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Wnt regulates bone formation through β-catenin-dependent canonical and -independent noncanonical signaling pathways. However, the cooperation that exists between the two signaling pathways during osteoblastogenesis remains to be elucidated. Here, we showed that the lack of Wnt5a in osteoblast-lineage cells impaired Wnt/β-catenin signaling due to the reduced expression of Lrp5 and Lrp6. Pretreatment of ST2 cells, a stromal cell line, with Wnt5a enhanced canonical Wnt ligand-induced Tcf/Lef transcription activity. Short hairpin RNA-mediated knockdown of Wnt5a, but not treatment with Dkk1, an antagonist of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, reduced the expression of Lrp5 and Lrp6 in osteoblast-lineage cells under osteogenic culture conditions. Osteoblast-lineage cells from Wnt5a-deficient mice exhibited reduced Wnt/β-catenin signaling, which impaired osteoblast differentiation and enhanced adipocyte differentiation. Adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of Lrp5 into Wnt5a-deficient osteoblast-lineage cells rescued their phenotypic features. Therefore, Wnt5a-induced noncanonical signaling cooperates with Wnt/β-catenin signaling to achieve proper bone formation.
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146
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Sakaki H, Nishiuchi M, Maeda S, Sagisaka A, Pirozhkov AS, Pikuz T, Faenov A, Ogura K, Fukami T, Matsukawa K, Kanasaki M, Fukuda Y, Yogo A, Esirkepov T, Kiriyama H, Shimomura T, Nakai Y, Tanoue M, Torimoto K, Okamoto M, Sato T, Niita K, Tamura J, Nishio K, Sako H, Yamauchi T, Watanabe Y, Bulanov S, Kondo K. Measurements of electron-induced neutrons as a tool for determination of electron temperature of fast electrons in the task of optimization laser-produced plasma ions acceleration. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2014; 85:02A705. [PMID: 24593439 DOI: 10.1063/1.4825154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
High intensity laser-plasma interaction has attracted considerable interest for a number of years. The laser-plasma interaction is accompanied by generation of various charged particle beams, such as high-energy proton and ions with high charge to mass ratio (Q/M; same as multi-charged ions). Results of simultaneous novel measurements of electron-induced photonuclear neutrons (photoneutron), which are a diagnostic of the laser-plasma interaction, are proposed to use for optimization of the laser-plasma ion generation. The proposed method is demonstrated by the laser irradiation with the intensity of 1 × 10(21) W/cm(2) on the metal foil target. The photoneutrons are measured by using NE213 liquid scintillation detectors. Heavy-ion signal is registered with the CR-39 track detector simultaneously. The measured signals of the electron-induced photoneutrons are well reproduced by using the Particle and Heavy Ion Transport code System. The results obtained provide useful approach for analyzing the various laser based ion beams.
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147
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Okamoto M, Higuchi-Takeuchi M, Shimizu M, Shinozaki K, Hanada K. Substantial expression of novel small open reading frames in Oryza sativa. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2014; 9:e27848. [PMID: 24526015 PMCID: PMC4091330 DOI: 10.4161/psb.27848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
In our previous integrated study combining informatics and molecular biology analyses, we revealed that Arabidopsis small open reading frames (sORFs) predicted by computational analysis have biological functions in morphogenesis. Here, we report that sequences homologous to Arabidopsis sORFs are abundant in intergenic regions of the rice genome. These sequences represent a subset of non-protein-coding DNA, and some are transcribed into mRNA. These results indicate that many sORFs associated with morphogenesis are hidden in the genomes of crop species.
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Shigematsu T, Ohya M, Okamoto M, Tatsuta K, Mima T. [Conservative management and pharmacological intervention for CKD-related mineral and bone disorder]. NIHON JINZO GAKKAI SHI 2014; 56:1243-1250. [PMID: 25551985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
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149
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Yoshimura N, Ushigome H, Nobori S, Suzuki T, Sakai K, Koshino K, Okajima H, Okamoto M. Excellent results of high-dose mizoribine combined with cyclosporine, basiliximab, and corticosteroids in renal transplant recipients--4-year results. Transplant Proc 2013; 45:1472-5. [PMID: 23726600 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2013.01.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mizoribine (MZR) at 3 mg/kg/d shows less potent immunosuppressive effects, but high-dose MZR (6 mg/kg/d) was effective and safe in a 2-year study in conjunction with a regimen of cyclosporine (CsA), basiliximab, and corticosteroids. METHODS We compared 40 living-related kidney recipients administered MZR (6 mg/kg/d), CsA (7 mg/kg/d), prednisolone (maintenance dose 10 mg/d), and basiliximab (20 mg/body) with control group (n = 38) treated with CsA, mycophenolate mofetil (MMF; 25 mg/kg/d), basiliximab, and corticosteroids. RESULTS The 4-year graft survival rates for the MZR vs MMF groups were 92.5% vs 94.7%, respectively, with serum creatinine levels of 1.66 ± 1.0 mg/dL vs 1.41 ± 0.42 mg/dL at 3 years, and 1.72 ± 1.16 mg/dL vs 1.56 ± 1.26 mg/dL at 4 years. There was no significant difference in serum creatinine levels between the 2 groups. The MZR group demonstrated a significantly higher rate of elevated serum uric acid values (29.7%). The numbers of patients treated with allopurinol at 4 years were 11/37 (29.7%) for MZR vs 2/36 (5.6%) for the MMF subjects (P < .05). Mean serum uric acid levels of the MZR vs MMF group at 4 years were 7.1 ± 1.9 mg/dL vs 7.0 ± 1.6 mg/dL, respectively (NS). There was no significant difference between the 2 groups regarding bone marrow suppression or liver dysfunction. Severe cytomegalovirus infection was not observed at 3 and 4 years in either group. There were no severe gastrointestinal symptoms among the MZR or the MMF group at 3 or 4 years. CONCLUSIONS The combination of high-dose MZR with CsA, basiliximab, and corticosteroids displayed excellent results over a 4-year follow-up.
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Takanashi S, Hara K, Aoki K, Usui Y, Shimizu M, Haniu H, Ogihara N, Ishigaki N, Nakamura K, Okamoto M, Kobayashi S, Kato H, Sano K, Nishimura N, Tsutsumi H, Machida K, Saito N. Erratum: CORRIGENDUM: Carcinogenicity evaluation for the application of carbon nanotubes as biomaterials in rasH2 mice. Sci Rep 2013. [PMCID: PMC3629784 DOI: 10.1038/srep01688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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