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Dhar A, Siva Kumar N, Asif M, Vekariya RL. Fabrication of D–π–A sensitizers based on different donors substituted with a dihydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4-dione bridge for DSSCs: influence of the CDCA co-absorbent. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj00847g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The effect of co-absorbance on the performance of DSSC devices with a new design of dimer sensitizers possessing a 2,5-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4-dione (DPP) bridge and various donor groups (carbazole, diphenyl amine, indole) are reported in the present work.
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Shrivastava R, Singh V, Asif M, Negi MPS, Bhadauria S. Oncostatin M upregulates HIF-1α in breast tumor associated macrophages independent of intracellular oxygen concentration. Life Sci 2017; 194:59-66. [PMID: 29246543 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS HIF is an important transcription-regulator for adaptation to cellular stress in cells of myeloid origin. Classically, expression and activity of HIF1-α is regulated by oxygen-concentration within cell. However, there exists an alternative regulatory mechanism affecting HIF1-α levels independent of oxygen concentration particularly in inflammatory cells like macrophages. Here we report the mechanism of HIF1-α upregulation in TAMs by Oncostatin-M (OSM) independent of cellular oxygen concentration. MAIN METHODS THP-1 derived macrophages were treated with OSM. HIF1-α levels and interaction with pVHL were evaluated via immunoblot-analysis and Co-immunoprecipitation. Translocation of HIF1-α to nucleus was visualized using confocal-microscopy. Fold change in mRNA levels of ARG-1 and COX-2 was analyzed using RT-PCR. KEY FINDINGS Current study demonstrates that OSM treatment to TAMs led to an increased expression of HIF1-α under normoxic conditions via activation of mTORC2. This HIF1-α upregulation was dependent on both de novo synthesis of HIF1-α and its enhanced stability due to disruption of its binding to pVHL. Furthermore, we evaluated that OSM not only enhances the expression of HIF1-α but also increases its localization to nucleus where it acts as a transcription factor regulating expression of genes like ARG-1 and COX-2. SIGNIFICANCE Inflammation is a critical hallmark of cancer as tumor microenvironment is largely infiltrated with macrophages. These tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) display a M2 skewed phenotype. Many target genes of TAMs are HIF1-α responsive. These TAMs are involved in tumor progression, metastasis and angiogenesis. Targeting of HIF1-α/OSM can lead to devising of better therapeutic strategy against cancer.
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Islam MA, Ahmed MJ, Khanday WA, Asif M, Hameed BH. Mesoporous activated coconut shell-derived hydrochar prepared via hydrothermal carbonization-NaOH activation for methylene blue adsorption. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2017; 203:237-244. [PMID: 28783020 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Mesoporous activated carbon was prepared using a hydrochar derived from coconut shell waste through hydrothermal carbonization and NaOH chemical activation process (COSHTC). Three sets of activated carbons were obtained with different hydrochar:NaOH impregnation ratios (1:1, 1:2, and 1:3). Among these ratios, 1:3 (COSHTC3) exhibited the optimum adsorption for methylene blue (MB). COSHTC3 adsorbed MB with an initial concentration of 25-250 mg/L at pH 3-11 and 30 °C. The adsorption isotherm of MB on COSHTC3 demonstrated that Langmuir isotherm could be better applied at a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 200.01 mg/g at 30 °C. The data was well fitted to the pseudo-second-order (PSO) kinetic model. These results show that the COSHTC3 prepared from low-cost agricultural waste (coconut shell) with average pore diameter 28.6 Å and surface area 876.14 m2/g acts as a better adsorbent for removal of cationic dyes and could pave the way for more low-cost adsorbents for dye removal.
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Walshaw T, Shafi A, Asif M. Surgical side Marking in Thoracic Surgery; Can we do it better? Int J Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2017.08.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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130
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Ahmed MJ, Islam MA, Asif M, Hameed BH. Human hair-derived high surface area porous carbon material for the adsorption isotherm and kinetics of tetracycline antibiotics. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 243:778-784. [PMID: 28711807 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.06.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a human hair-derived high surface area porous carbon material (HHC) was prepared using potassium hydroxide activation. The morphology and textural properties of the HHC structure, along with its adsorption performance for tetracycline (TC) antibiotics, were evaluated. HHC showed a high surface area of 1505.11m2/g and 68.34% microporosity. The effects of most important variables, such as initial concentration (25-355mg/L), solution pH (3-13), and temperatures (30-50°C), on the HHC adsorption performance were investigated. Isotherm data analysis revealed the favorable application of the Langmuir model, with maximum TC uptakes of 128.52, 162.62, and 210.18mg/g at 30, 40, and 50°C, respectively. The experimental data of TC uptakes versus time were analyzed efficiently using a pseudo-first order model. Porous HHC could be an efficient adsorbent for eliminating antibiotic pollutants in wastewater.
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Asif M, Ibrahim AA, Mohammed YA, Al-Ghurabi EH. Effectiveness factor of two-dimensional ring-shaped catalyst pellets. POLISH JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/pjct-2017-0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The use of hollow catalytic support improves the utilization of the catalytic material because of the absence of the pellet core, and moreover ensures low reactor pressure drop owing to enhanced bed voidage. In this study, the expressions for the efficient computation of the effectiveness factor are derived for a ring-shaped catalyst pellet undergoing first-order irreversible reaction. The methodology consists of using solutions of one-dimensional problems to remove non-homogeneous boundary conditions. The expressions obtained exhibit significantly faster convergence behavior than those reported in literature. The shape parameters, namely, the height-to-diameter ratio and the inner-to-outer radii ratio, significantly affect the catalyst utilization, such that several-fold improvement in the effectiveness factor is achievable.
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Gondil VS, Asif M, Bhalla TC. Optimization of physicochemical parameters influencing the production of prodigiosin from Serratia nematodiphila RL2 and exploring its antibacterial activity. 3 Biotech 2017; 7:338. [PMID: 28955635 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-017-0979-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, role of various physicochemical parameters influencing the production of antimicrobial pigment prodigiosin from Serratia nematodiphila RL2 was determined and optimized. The pigment-producing strain was isolated and based on molecular characterization (16S rRNA sequencing), was identified as S. nematodiphila RL2. The pigment produced by S. nematodiphila RL2 was characterized by thin layer chromatography (Rf 0.94), spectrophotometrically (λmax 535 nm) and identified as prodigiosin. Optimization of production parameters of prodigiosin revealed, nutrient broth medium supplemented with lactose and yeast extract at 1% concentration each, have a positive effect on the bacterial growth (10.25-4.6 mg/ml DCW) as well as pigment production (0.46-0.6 mg/ml). Prodigiosin production (0.64 mg/ml) increases optimally after 46-48 h of incubation, at 35 °C at pH between 6 and 7 with addition of metal ions such as Uranyl acetate. An increase of 65% in prodigiosin production (0.46-0.76 mg/ml) was observed after optimizing the various production parameters than unoptimized conditions. Antimicrobial activity of the prodigiosin was also evaluated and found to be effective antimicrobial agent against bacterial pathogens including Listeria sp., Pseudomonas sp., Yersinia sp. and Shigella sp. Present study indicate that S. nematodiphila RL2 is a potent source of pigment prodigiosin which can be further explored for production of prodigiosin.
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Gupta VK, Fakhri A, Rashidi S, Ibrahim AA, Asif M, Agarwal S. Optimization of toxic biological compound adsorption from aqueous solution onto Silicon and Silicon carbide nanoparticles through response surface methodology. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 77:1128-1134. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.03.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Lunagariya J, Kumar NS, Asif M, Dhar A, Vekariya RL. Dependency of Anion and Chain Length of Imidazolium Based Ionic Liquid on Micellization of the Block Copolymer F127 in Aqueous Solution: An Experimental Deep Insight. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:polym9070285. [PMID: 30970964 PMCID: PMC6431984 DOI: 10.3390/polym9070285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The non-ionic triblock copolymer, Pluronic® F127, has been selected to observe its interaction with ionic liquids (ILs) in aqueous solutions by using DLS, surface tension, and viscosity measurements. The Critical Micelle Concentration (CMC) of F127 increased with the addition of ILs, which appeared logical since it increases the solubility of PPO (and PEO) moiety, making it behaves more like a hydrophilic block copolymer that is micellized at a higher copolymer concentration. The results from DLS data showed good agreement with those obtained from the surface tension measurements. Upon the addition of ILs, the tendency in micellar size reduction was demonstrated by viscosity results, and therefore, intrinsic viscosity decreased compared to pure F127 in aqueous solution. The results were discussed as a function of alkyl chain length and anions of imidazolium based ILs.
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Bhalla TC, Asif M, Smita K. Purification and characterization of cyanogenic β-glucosidase from wild apricot ( Prunus armeniaca L.). Process Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2017.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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136
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Kumar Gupta V, Agarwal S, Asif M, Fakhri A, Sadeghi N. Application of response surface methodology to optimize the adsorption performance of a magnetic graphene oxide nanocomposite adsorbent for removal of methadone from the environment. J Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 497:193-200. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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Asif M, McNaught P, Welgemoed C, Coughlan S, Gujral D, Cleator S. Internal Mammary Radiotherapy Planning: a Single Centre Experience. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2017.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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138
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Sajjad SF, Ahmad W, Hussain Jaffery SS, Asif M, Alam SE. Treatment of chronic Hepatitis C in Thalassemia major patients. J PAK MED ASSOC 2017; 67:926-928. [PMID: 28585595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of chronic hepatitis C (HCV) is difficult in thalassemics due to the haemolytic side effects of therapy. This study evaluated the treatment response to conventional interferon and ribavirin in HCV patients with thalassemia major. It was conducted at PMRC Research Centre, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre (JPMC) Karachi. At baseline complete blood count, liver function tests, serum protein/ albumin, random blood glucose, serum ferritin, TSH, HCV RNA (quantitative) and genotyping were done. Conventional interferon 3 MIU thrice weekly and ribavirin 400 mg daily was given for 24 or 48 weeks. HCV RNA was done at 1st month (RVR), 3rd month (EVR), 6th month (ETR) and six months post treatment sustained virological response (SVR). A total of 17 Anti HCV positive patients, age range 7-28 years were included.HCV RNA was found in 12. Treatment was completed in 8 patients. Genotype 3(87.5%) was found in 7 patients, 1 had genotype 1. RVR was achieved in 5 (62.5%) cases, negative PCR at 3 and 6 months of treatment (EVR) in 7 (87.5%) patients, one patient was non responder. SVR was achieved in 2(25%) patients. Anaemia was the most common side effect due to which transfusion requirements increased in 4(50%) patients.
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Sinha SK, Krishna V, Thakur R, Kumar A, Singh K, Jha MJ, Razi M, Mishra V, Asif M, Abdali N, Khanra D, Goel A, Pandey U, Varma CM. Safety, feasibility, tips and tricks of permanent pacemaker implantation in patients with isolated persistent left superior vena cava. Minerva Cardiol Angiol 2017; 65. [PMID: 28635248 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4725.16.04207-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
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140
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Khaniabadi PM, Majid AMS, Asif M, Khaniabadi BM, Shahbazi-Gahrouei D, Jaafar MS. Breast cancer cell targeted MR molecular imaging probe: Anti-MUC1 antibody-based magnetic nanoparticles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/851/1/012014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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141
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Sinha SK, Mishra V, Jha MJ, Razi M, Abdali N, Mahrotra A, Asif M, Rekwal L, Chaturvedi V, Singh S, Krishna V. Successful Restoration of Complete Heart Block to Normal Sinus Rhythm by Primary Angioplasty of Dual Left Anterior Descending Artery. Cardiol Res 2017; 8:73-76. [PMID: 28515826 PMCID: PMC5421490 DOI: 10.14740/cr532w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Dual left anterior descending (LAD) artery is a rare coronary anomaly. We present a patient with a rare case of dual LAD, smaller one arising from the left main coronary stem and larger one from right coronary artery who presented with acute anterior wall myocardial infarction with complete heart block (CHB). Temporary pacemaker was implanted and coronary angiogram revealed critical occlusion of proximal LAD which was subsequently revascularized by primary angioplasty using drug-eluting stent (Xience prime, 2.75 × 23 mm) leading to recovery of CHB and restoration to normal rhythm. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of dual LAD presenting with CHB treated by primary angioplasty reported in the literature.
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Marrakchi F, Ahmed M, Khanday W, Asif M, Hameed B. Mesoporous-activated carbon prepared from chitosan flakes via single-step sodium hydroxide activation for the adsorption of methylene blue. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 98:233-239. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.01.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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143
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Islam MA, Sabar S, Benhouria A, Khanday W, Asif M, Hameed B. Nanoporous activated carbon prepared from karanj ( Pongamia pinnata ) fruit hulls for methylene blue adsorption. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2017.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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144
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Sinha SK, Krishna V, Mishra V, Singh K, Kumar A, Jha MJ, Razi M, Asif M, Abdali N, Thakur R, Varma CM. Joga i rehabilitacja kardiologiczna (Yoga-CaRe) u osób po przebyciu ostrego epizodu wieńcowego. FOLIA CARDIOLOGICA 2017. [DOI: 10.5603/fc.2017.0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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145
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Sajid T, Shah MI, Ghani R, Asif M. Type-I Tympanoplasty By Underlay Technique - Factors Affecting Outcome. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2017; 29:258-261. [PMID: 28718243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type-I Tympanoplasty is an operation which is widely done to close a persistent tympanic membrane perforation after clearing the disease from the middle ear. It is very safe and effective procedure. The success rate varies in different setups and there are some confounding factors which affect the result of Type-I tympanoplasty like the size, type and location of perforation. By conducting this study, we aimed to calculate the success rate of Type-I Tympanoplasty in Ayub Teaching Hospital and assess which confounding factors affect the success rate. METHODS This case series study was conducted at Ayub teaching hospital from 1st January 2014 to 31st December 2015. All the patients who presented with dry ears, no nasal disease and persistent tympanic membrane perforations during this period were operated upon and overall success rate was calculated. In addition, the relationship between the site of perforation, size of perforation and the type of perforation and the success rate of Type-I Tympanoplasty was also calculated. RESULTS One hundred and thirteen patients were included in this study. Out of these 91 (80.5%) showed complete healing after surgery. Anterior perforations were found to fail the procedure in 41.7% of the cases, while central perforation failed in only 5.4% of the cases. In cases of marginal perforations healing was significantly decreased, i.e., only 47.1% while it was 94.9% in cases where annulus was not involved. Larger perforations also showed poor surgical outcome. 100% of the small perforation healed completely while only 58.3% of the large perforations showed successful result after surgery. When p-value was calculated all of these findings were more than 95% significant. CONCLUSIONS There is a significant association between the healing of tympanic membrane after Type-I Tympanoplasty and site, size and type of perforation. Anterior perforations, marginal perforation and large perforations reduce the chances of successful outcome of Type-I Tympanoplasty.
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Islam MA, Ahmed MJ, Khanday WA, Asif M, Hameed BH. Mesoporous activated carbon prepared from NaOH activation of rattan (Lacosperma secundiflorum) hydrochar for methylene blue removal. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 138:279-285. [PMID: 28081490 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Revised: 01/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Hydrothermal carbonization of biomass wastes presents a promising step in the production of cost-effective activated carbon. In the present work, mesoporous activated carbon (HAC) was prepared by the hydrothermal carbonization of rattan furniture wastes followed by NaOH activation. The textural and morphological characteristics, along with adsorption performance of prepared HAC toward methylene blue (MB) dye, were evaluated. The effects of common adsorption variables on performance resulted in a removal efficiency of 96% for the MB sample at initial concentration of 25mg/L, solution pH of 7, 30°C, and 8h. The Langmuir equation showed the best isotherm data correlation, with a maximum uptake of 359mg/g. The adsorbed amount versus time data was well fitted by a pseudo-second order kinetic model. The prepared HAC with a high surface area of 1135m2/g and an average pore size distribution of 35.5Å could be an efficient adsorbent for treatment of synthetic dyes in wastewaters.
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147
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Asif M. A Mini Review on Biological Activities of 6-(4-Chlorophenyoxy)-Tetrazolo [5,1-A] Phthalazine (Quan-0808) Compound. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.18579/jpcrkc/2017/16/1/112474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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148
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Sinha SK, Krishna V, Thakur R, Kumar A, Mishra V, Jha MJ, Singh K, Sachan M, Sinha R, Asif M, Afdaali N, Mohan Varma C. Acute myocardial infarction in very young adults: A clinical presentation, risk factors, hospital outcome index, and their angiographic characteristics in North India-AMIYA Study. ARYA ATHEROSCLEROSIS 2017; 13:79-87. [PMID: 29026414 PMCID: PMC5628855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND India is currently in the fourth stage of epidemiological transitions where cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity. Purpose of the present study was to assess the risk factors, clinical presentation, angiographic profile including severity, and in-hospital outcome of very young adults (aged ≤ 30 years) with first acute myocardial infarction (AMI). METHODS Total of 1,116 consecutive patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI) were studied between March 2013 and February 2015 at LPS Institute of Cardiology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. RESULTS Mean age of the patients was 26.3 years. Risk factors were smoking (78.5%), family history of premature coronary artery disease (CAD) (46.8%), obesity (39.1%), physical inactivity (38.7%) and stressful life events (29.6%). The most common symptom and presentation was chest pain and anterior wall myocardial infarction (AWMI) in 94.8% and 58.8%, respectively. About 80.6% of patients had obstructive CAD with single vessel disease (57.6%), double-vessel disease (12.9%) and left main involvement (3.2%). Left anterior descending (LAD) was commonest culprit artery (58.1%) followed by right coronary artery in 28.2%. In-hospital mortality was 2.8%. Percutaneous coronary intervention was performed in 71.6% of patients. Median number and length of stent were 1.18 and 28 ± 16 mm, respectively. CONCLUSION AMI in very young adult occurred most commonly in male. Smoking was the most common risk factor. AWMI owing to LAD artery involvement was the most common presentation. Mean time of presentation after symptom onset was 16.9 hours. In contrast to western population, it is characterised by earlier onset, delayed presentation, more severity, diffuse disease, and more morbidity but with favourable in-hospital mortality.
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Ahmad I, Baig SM, Abdulkareem AR, Hussain MS, Sur I, Toliat MR, Nürnberg G, Dalibor N, Moawia A, Waseem SS, Asif M, Nagra H, Sher M, Khan MMA, Hassan I, Rehman SU, Thiele H, Altmüller J, Noegel AA, Nürnberg P. Genetic heterogeneity in Pakistani microcephaly families revisited. Clin Genet 2017; 92:62-68. [PMID: 28004384 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Autosomal recessive primary microcephaly (MCPH) is a rare and heterogeneous genetic disorder characterized by reduced head circumference, low cognitive prowess and, in general, architecturally normal brains. As many as 14 different loci have already been mapped. We recruited 35 MCPH families in Pakistan and could identify the genetic cause of the disease in 31 of them. Using homozygosity mapping complemented with whole-exome, gene panel or Sanger sequencing, we identified 12 novel mutations in 3 known MCPH-associated genes - 9 in ASPM, 2 in MCPH1 and 1 in CDK5RAP2. The 2 MCPH1 mutations were homozygous microdeletions of 164,250 and 577,594 bp, respectively, for which we were able to map the exact breakpoints. We also identified four known mutations - three in ASPM and one in WDR62. The latter was initially deemed to be a missense mutation but we demonstrate here that it affects splicing. As to ASPM, as many as 17 out of 27 MCPH5 families that we ascertained in our sample were found to carry the previously reported founder mutation p.Trp1326*. This study adds to the mutational spectra of four known MCPH-associated genes and updates our knowledge about the genetic heterogeneity of MCPH in the Pakistani population considering its ethnic diversity.
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Karim FT, Ghafoor K, Ferdosh S, Al-Juhaimi F, Ali E, Yunus KB, Hamed MH, Islam A, Asif M, Sarker MZI. Microencapsulation of fish oil using supercritical antisolvent process. J Food Drug Anal 2017; 25:654-666. [PMID: 28911651 PMCID: PMC9328829 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2016.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to improve the encapsulation process, a newly supercritical antisolvent process was developed to encapsulate fish oil using hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose as a polymer. Three factors, namely, temperature, pressure, and feed emulsion rate were optimized using response surface methodology. The suitability of the model for predicting the optimum response value was evaluated at the conditions of temperature at 60°C, pressure at 150 bar, and feed rate at 1.36 mL/min. At the optimum conditions, particle size of 58.35 μm was obtained. The surface morphology of the micronized fish oil was also evaluated using field emission scanning electron microscopy where it showed that particles formed spherical structures with no internal voids. Moreover, in vitro release of oil showed that there are significant differences of release percentage of oil between the formulations and the results proved that there was a significant decrease in the in vitro release of oil from the powder when the polymer concentration was high.
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