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Prasad P, Singh N, Das B, Raisuddin S, Dudeja M, Rastogi S. Differential expression of superoxide dismutases in early aborters infected with Chlamydia trachomatis. Int J Infect Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.02.467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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252
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Singh N, Kumar R, Chauhan S, Nylén S, Sacks D, Engwerda C, Sundar S. Investigating changes in monocyte phenotypes and functions in active visceral leishmaniasis patients. Int J Infect Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.02.815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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253
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Singh N, Prasad P, Das B, Rastogi S. Recurrent spontaneous abortion: Significance of early non-invasive detection of Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Int J Infect Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.02.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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254
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Singh N, Kumar R, Nylén S, Sacks D, Sundar S. The effect of TNF-α neutralization on parasite load and cytokine production in human visceral leishmaniasis. Int J Infect Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.02.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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255
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Moaddel R, Sanghvi M, Ramamoorthy A, Jozwiak K, Singh N, Green C, O'Loughlin K, Torjman M, Wainer IW. Subchronic administration of (R,S)-ketamine induces ketamine ring hydroxylation in Wistar rats. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 127:3-8. [PMID: 27017097 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Subchronic administration of (R,S)-ketamine, (R,S)-Ket, is used in the treatment of neuropathic pain, in particular Complex Regional Pain Syndrome, but the effect of this protocol on the metabolism of (R,S)-Ket is unknown. In this study, daily administration of a low dose of (R,S)-Ket for 14-days to Wistar rats was conducted to determine the impact of sub-chronic dosing on the pharmacokinetics of (R,S)-Ket and its major metabolites. The data indicate that, relative to a single administration of (R,S)-Ket, subchronic administration resulted in increased clearance of (R,S)-Ket and the N-demethylated metabolite norketamine measured as elimination half-life (t1/2) and decreased plasma concentrations of these compounds. Subchronic administration produced a slight decrease in t1/2 and an increase in plasma concentration of the major metabolite, (2S,6S;2R,6R)-hydroxynorketamine, and produced significant increases in the plasma concentrations of the (2S,6R;2R,6S)-hydroxynorketamine and (2S,4R;2R,4S)-hydroxynorketamine metabolites. The metabolism of (R,S)-Ket predominately occurs via two microsomal enzyme-mediated pathways: (R,S)-Ket⇒(R,S)-norketamine⇒(2S,6S;2R,6R)-hydroxynorketamine and (2S,4R;2R,4S)-hydroxynorketamine and the (R,S)-Ket⇒(2S,6R;2R,6S)-hydroxyketamine⇒(2S,6R;2R,6S)-hydroxynorketamine and (2S,6S;2R,6R)-hydroxynorketamine. The results indicate that the activity of both metabolic pathways are increased by subchronic administration of (R,S)-Ket producing new metabolite patterns and potential differences in clinical effects.
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Dagar SS, Singh N, Goel N, Kumar S, Puniya AK. Role of anaerobic fungi in wheat straw degradation and effects of plant feed additives on rumen fermentation parameters in vitro. Benef Microbes 2016; 6:353-60. [PMID: 25391347 DOI: 10.3920/bm2014.0071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, rumen microbial groups, i.e. total rumen microbes (TRM), total anaerobic fungi (TAF), avicel enriched bacteria (AEB) and neutral detergent fibre enriched bacteria (NEB) were evaluated for wheat straw (WS) degradability and different fermentation parameters in vitro. Highest WS degradation was shown for TRM, followed by TAF, NEB and least by AEB. Similar patterns were observed with total gas production and short chain fatty acid profiles. Overall, TAF emerged as the most potent individual microbial group. In order to enhance the fibrolytic and rumen fermentation potential of TAF, we evaluated 18 plant feed additives in vitro. Among these, six plant additives namely Albizia lebbeck, Alstonia scholaris, Bacopa monnieri, Lawsonia inermis, Psidium guajava and Terminalia arjuna considerably improved WS degradation by TAF. Further evaluation showed A. lebbeck as best feed additive. The study revealed that TAF plays a significant role in WS degradation and their fibrolytic activities can be improved by inclusion of A. lebbeck in fermentation medium. Further studies are warranted to elucidate its active constituents, effect on fungal population and in vivo potential in animal system.
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Rodziewicz N, Bhushan S, Avasia A, Singh N. Kidney Transplant in a Patient With Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-1 Syndrome (TRAPS): Case Report and Review of the Literature. Transplant Proc 2016; 48:265-6. [PMID: 26915881 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2015.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor receptor -1-associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS) is a rare disease that may result in chronic kidney disease due to secondary amyloidosis. We report a case of a patient with a history of TRAPS who received a kidney transplant 11 years ago and still has functioning kidney transplant despite recurrence of amyloidosis and proteinuria.
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Dai M, Frezzo JA, Sharma E, Chen R, Singh N, Yuvienco C, Caglar E, Xiao S, Saxena A, Montclare JK. Engineered Protein Polymer-Gold Nanoparticle Hybrid Materials for Small Molecule Delivery. JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE & NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 7:356. [PMID: 27081576 PMCID: PMC4828936 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7439.1000356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We have fabricated protein polymer-gold nanoparticle (P-GNP) nanocomposites that exhibit enhanced binding and delivery properties of the small hydrophobic molecule drug, curcumin, to the model breast cancer cell line, MCF-7. These hybrid biomaterials are constructed via in situ GNP templated-synthesis with genetically engineered histidine tags. The P-GNP nanocomposites exhibit enhanced small molecule loading, sustained release and increased uptake by MCF-7 cells. When compared to the proteins polymers alone, the P-GNPs demonstrate a greater than 7-fold increase in curcumin binding, a nearly 50% slower release profile and more than 2-fold increase in cellular uptake of curcumin. These results suggest that P-GNP nanocomposites serve as promising candidates for drug delivery vehicles.
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Singh N, Singh SK. Aqueous fruit extract of Mimusops elengi causes reversible suppression of spermatogenesis and fertility in male mice. Andrologia 2016; 48:807-16. [PMID: 27489141 DOI: 10.1111/and.12516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Antifertility efficacy of oral administration of aqueous fruit extract of Mimusops elengi (200, 400 and 600 mg kg(-1) body weight/day for 35 days) was evaluated in Parkes strain male mice. Various reproductive end points such as histopathology, sperm parameters, testosterone level, haematology, serum biochemistry and fertility indices were assessed; activities of 3β- and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases, and immunoblot expressions of StAR and P450scc in the testis were also assessed. Histologically, testes in Mimusops-treated mice showed nonuniform and diverse degenerative changes in the seminiferous tubules; both affected and normal tubules were observed in the same sections of testis. The treatment had adverse effects on testicular hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases and StAR and P450scc, serum level of testosterone and on motility, viability and number of spermatozoa in cauda epididymis. However, serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and creatinine, and haematological parameters were not affected by the treatment. Also, libido was not affected in treated males, but their fertility was markedly suppressed. By 56 days of treatment withdrawal, the alterations caused in the above parameters recovered to control levels, suggesting that Mimusops treatment causes reversible suppression of spermatogenesis and fertility in Parkes mice. Further, there were no detectable signs of toxicity in treated males.
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Conte MP, Singh N, Sasselli IR, Escuder B, Ulijn RV. Metastable hydrogels from aromatic dipeptides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:13889-13892. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc05821c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The dipeptides FF and FF-NH2 form metastable hydrogels upon sonication. The hydrogels show instantaneous syneresis upon mechanical contact.
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Fišar Z, Hroudová J, Singh N, Kopřivová A, Macečková D. Effect of Simvastatin, Coenzyme Q10, Resveratrol, Acetylcysteine and Acetylcarnitine on Mitochondrial Respiration. Folia Biol (Praha) 2016; 62:53-66. [PMID: 27187037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Some therapeutic and/or adverse effects of drugs may be related to their effects on mitochondrial function. The effects of simvastatin, resveratrol, coenzyme Q10, acetylcysteine, and acetylcarnitine on Complex I-, Complex II-, or Complex IV-linked respiratory rate were determined in isolated brain mitochondria. The protective effects of these biologically active compounds on the calcium-induced decrease of the respiratory rate were also studied. We observed a significant inhibitory effect of simvastatin on mitochondrial respiration (IC50 = 24.0 μM for Complex I-linked respiration, IC50 = 31.3 μM for Complex II-linked respiration, and IC50 = 42.9 μM for Complex IV-linked respiration); the inhibitory effect of resveratrol was found at very high concentrations (IC50 = 162 μM for Complex I-linked respiration, IC50 = 564 μM for Complex II-linked respiration, and IC50 = 1454 μM for Complex IV-linked respiration). Concentrations required for effective simvastatin- or resveratrol-induced inhibition of mitochondrial respiration were found much higher than concentrations achieved under standard dosing of these drugs. Acetylcysteine and acetylcarnitine did not affect the oxygen consumption rate of mitochondria. Coenzyme Q10 induced an increase of Complex I-linked respiration. The increase of free calcium ions induced partial inhibition of the Complex I+II-linked mitochondrial respiration, and all tested drugs counteracted this inhibition. None of the tested drugs showed mitochondrial toxicity (characterized by respiratory rate inhibition) at drug concentrations achieved at therapeutic drug intake. Resveratrol, simvastatin, and acetylcarnitine had the greatest neuroprotective potential (characterized by protective effects against calcium-induced reduction of the respiratory rate).
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Singh N, Potsangbam S, Aggarwal A, Behera D. 442P Graded baseline symptom (BS) assessment in lung cancer (LC) patients (pts) undergoing first line chemotherapy (CTx) – correlations and prognostic role. Ann Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv532.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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263
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Maturu V, Singh N, Bal A, Gupta N, Das A, Behera D. 31P Screening for EGFR gene mutations, their clinicopathologic correlates and patient outcomes: a single centre experience from north India. Ann Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv518.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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264
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Singh N, Al-Rikabi A, Foo M. Cutaneous SCC: identification and management of high risk cases. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2015.08.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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265
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Nikitenkova S, Singh N, Stepanyants Y. Modulational stability of weakly nonlinear wave-trains in media with small- and large-scale dispersions. CHAOS (WOODBURY, N.Y.) 2015; 25:123113. [PMID: 26723152 DOI: 10.1063/1.4937362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we revisit the problem of modulation stability of quasi-monochromatic wave-trains propagating in a media with the double dispersion occurring both at small and large wavenumbers. We start with the shallow-water equations derived by Shrira [Izv., Acad. Sci., USSR, Atmos. Ocean. Phys. (Engl. Transl.) 17, 55-59 (1981)] which describes both surface and internal long waves in a rotating fluid. The small-scale (Boussinesq-type) dispersion is assumed to be weak, whereas the large-scale (Coriolis-type) dispersion is considered as without any restriction. For unidirectional waves propagating in one direction, only the considered set of equations reduces to the Gardner-Ostrovsky equation which is applicable only within a finite range of wavenumbers. We derive the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) which describes the evolution of narrow-band wave-trains and show that within a more general bi-directional equation the wave-trains, similar to that derived from the Ostrovsky equation, are also modulationally stable at relatively small wavenumbers k < kc and unstable at k > kc, where kc is some critical wavenumber. The NLSE derived here has a wider range of applicability: it is valid for arbitrarily small wavenumbers. We present the analysis of coefficients of the NLSE for different signs of coefficients of the governing equation and compare them with those derived from the Ostrovsky equation. The analysis shows that for weakly dispersive waves in the range of parameters where the Gardner-Ostrovsky equation is valid, the cubic nonlinearity does not contribute to the nonlinear coefficient of NLSE; therefore, the NLSE can be correctly derived from the Ostrovsky equation.
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Singh N, Foo M, Causey C. Hearing hoofbeats? Let's think about zebras. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2015.08.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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267
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Singh N. 268PD To evaluate the role of training session on ‘Cervical Cancer Screening’ in improving knowledge and attitude of Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHA) in North Indian population. Ann Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv525.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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268
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Singh N, Potsangbam S, Aggarwal A, Behera D. 439P Comorbidity assessment using Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) and Simplified Comorbidity Score (SCS) and its association with clinical outcomes during first-line chemotherapy of lung cancer. Ann Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv532.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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269
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Singh M, Srivastava P, Verma P, Kharwar R, Singh N, Tripathi R. Soil fungi for mycoremediation of arsenic pollution in agriculture soils. J Appl Microbiol 2015; 119:1278-90. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.12948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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270
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Singhal R, Myneedu VP, Arora J, Singh N, Bhalla M, Verma A, Sarin R. Early detection of multi-drug resistance and common mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Delhi using GenoType MTBDRplus assay. Indian J Med Microbiol 2015; 33 Suppl:46-52. [PMID: 25657156 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.150879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE There is scarcity of prevalence data of multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) data and common mutations responsible in North India. This study aimed to detect MDR-TB among MDR-TB suspects from Delhi and mutation patterns using GenoType MTBDRplus assay. MATERIALS AND METHODS All MDR suspects in five districts of New Delhi were referred to the laboratory from 1 st October 2011 to 31 st December 2012 as per criterion defined by Programmatic Management of Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (PMDT). GenoType MTBDRplus assay was performed on 2182 samples or cultures and mutations in the rpoB gene for rifampicin (RIF) and katG and inhA genes for isoniazid (INH) were analyzed. RESULTS A total of 366 (16.8%) MDR-TB cases were diagnosed. MDR rate was found to be 32%, 16.6% and 10.2% during criterion A, B and C respectively. The most common mutation detected for RIF was S531L (59.0%) and for INH was S315T1 (88.3%). Mutations S531L and S315T1 occurred significantly higher in MDR strains as compared to RIF mono-resistant and INH mono-resistant strains, respectively. Average laboratory turn-around time (TAT) for dispatch of result to districts for test conducted on samples was 4.4 days. CONCLUSION GenoType MTBDRplus is a useful assay for rapid detection of MDR-TB. The common mutations for RIF and INH were similar to those seen in other regions. However, mutations determining MDR strains and mono-resistant strains differed significantly for both RIF and INH.
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271
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Tripathi A, Ghosh R, Singh N, Siddarth M, Chawla D, Banerjee B, Kalra O. Association of blood level of organochlorine pesticide with chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology. Toxicol Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.08.420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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272
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Singh N, Bansal R, Behera D, Gupta A. Intravitreal bevacizumab for choroidal metastases: the key to efficacy is simultaneous administration of systemic therapy. Eye (Lond) 2015; 29:1629. [PMID: 26381096 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2015.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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273
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Bajpai D, Pathak S, Jain S, Singh N. P10.06 Prognostic importance of dna repair gene polymorphisms in cervical cancer patients from india. Br J Vener Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2015-052270.434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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274
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Malhotra VK, Singh N, Bishnoi RS, Chadha DS, Bhardwaj P, Madan H, Dutta R, Ghosh AK, Sengupta S, Perumal P. The prevalence of abnormal ECG in trained sportsmen. Med J Armed Forces India 2015; 71:324-9. [PMID: 26663958 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2015.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Competitive sports training causes structural and conductive system changes manifesting by various electrocardiographic alterations. We undertook this study to assess the prevalence of abnormal ECG in trained Indian athletes and correlate it with the nature of sports training, that is endurance or strength training. METHODS We evaluated a standard resting, lying 12 lead Electrocardiogram (ECG) in 66 actively training Indian athletes. Standard diagnostic criteria were used to define various morphological ECG abnormalities. RESULTS 33/66 (50%) of the athletes were undertaking endurance training while the other 33 (50%) were involved in a strength-training regimen. Overall 54/66 (81%) sportsmen had significant ECG changes. 68% of these changes were considered as normal training related features, while the remaining 32% were considered abnormal. There were seven common training related ECG changes-Sinus Bradycardia (21%), Sinus Arrhythmia (16%), 1st degree Atrioventricular Heart Block (6%), Type 1 2nd-degree Atrioventicular Heart Block (3%), Incomplete Right bundle branch block (RBBB) (24%), Early Repolarization (42%), Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH) (14%); while three abnormal ECG changes--T-wave inversion (13%), RBBB(4%), Right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) with strain (29%) were noted. Early repolarization (commonest change), sinus bradycardia, and incomplete RBBB were the commoner features noticed, with a significantly higher presence in the endurance trained athletes. CONCLUSION A high proportion of athletes undergoing competitive level sports training are likely to have abnormal ECG recordings. Majority of these are benign, and related to the physiological adaptation to the extreme levels of exertion. These changes are commoner during endurance training (running) than strength training (weightlifting).
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Hasanain M, Bhattacharjee A, Pandey P, Ashraf R, Singh N, Sharma S, Vishwakarma AL, Datta D, Mitra K, Sarkar J. α-Solanine induces ROS-mediated autophagy through activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress and inhibition of Akt/mTOR pathway. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e1860. [PMID: 26313911 PMCID: PMC4558510 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
α-Solanine is a glycoalkaloid found in species of the nightshade family including potato. It was primarily reported to have toxic effects in humans. However, there is a growing body of literature demonstrating in vitro and in vivo anticancer activity of α-solanine. Most of these studies have shown activation of apoptosis as the underlying mechanism in antitumor activity of α-solanine. In this study, we report α-solanine as a potential inducer of autophagy, which may act synergistically or in parallel with apoptosis to exert its cytotoxic effect. Induction of autophagy was demonstrated by several assays including electron microscopy, immunoblotting of autophagy markers and immunofluorescence for LC3 (microtubule-associated protein 1 (MAP1) light chain-3) puncta. α-Solanine-induced autophagic flux was demonstrated by additionally enhanced – turnover of LC3-II and – accumulation of LC3-specific puncta after co-incubation of cells with either of the autophagolysosome inhibitors – chloroquine and – bafilomycin A1. We also demonstrated α-solanine-induced oxidative damage in regulating autophagy where pre-incubation of cells with reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger resulted in suppression of CM-H2DCFDA (5 (and 6)-chloromethyl-2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate acetyl ester) fluorescence as well as decrease in LC3-II turnover. α-Solanine treatment caused an increase in the expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress proteins (BiP, activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), X-box-binding protein 1, PERK, inositol-requiring transmembrane kinase/endonuclease 1, ATF4 and CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP)-homologous protein) suggesting activation of unfolded protein response pathway. Moreover, we found downregulation of phosphorylated Akt (Thr308 and Ser473), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR; Ser2448 and Ser2481) and 4E-BP1 (Thr37/46) by α-solanine implying suppression of the Akt/mTOR pathway. Collectively, our results signify that α-solanine induces autophagy to exert anti-proliferative activity by triggering ER stress and inhibiting Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Castañon A, Landy R, Brocklehurst P, Evans H, Peebles D, Singh N, Walker P, Patnick J, Sasieni P. Is the increased risk of preterm birth following excision for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia restricted to the first birth post treatment? BJOG 2015; 122:1191-9. [PMID: 25854594 PMCID: PMC5008142 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.13398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore whether the increased risk of preterm birth following treatment for cervical disease is limited to the first birth following colposcopy. DESIGN Nested case-control study. SETTING Twelve NHS hospitals in England. POPULATION All nonmultiple births from women selected as cases or controls from a cohort of women with both colposcopy and a hospital birth. Cases had a preterm (20-36 weeks of gestation) birth. Controls had a term birth (38-42 weeks) and no preterm. METHODS Obstetric, colposcopy and pathology details were obtained. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Adjusted odds ratio of preterm birth in first and second or subsequent births following treatment for cervical disease. RESULTS A total of 2798 births (1021 preterm) from 2001 women were included in the analysis. The risk of preterm birth increased with increasing depth of treatment among first births post treatment [trend per category increase in depth, categories <10 mm, 10-14 mm, 15-19 mm, ≥20 mm: odds ratio (OR) 1.23, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.12-1.36, P < 0.001] and among second and subsequent births post treatment (trend OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.15-1.56, P < 0.001). No trend was observed among births before colposcopy (OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.83-1.16, P = 0.855). The absolute risk of a preterm birth following deep treatments (≥15 mm) was 6.5% among births before colposcopy, 18.9% among first births and 17.2% among second and subsequent births post treatment. Risk of preterm birth (once depth was accounted for) did not differ when comparing first births post colposcopy with second and subsequent births post colposcopy (adjusted OR 1.15, 95% CI 0.89-1.49). CONCLUSIONS The increased risk of preterm birth following treatment for cervical disease is not restricted to the first birth post colposcopy; it remains for second and subsequent births. These results suggest that once a woman has a deep treatment she remains at higher risk of a preterm birth throughout her reproductive life.
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Agarwal N, Gupta M, Kriplani A, Bhatla N, Singh N. Comparison of combined hormonal vaginal ring with ultralow-dose combined oral contraceptive pills in the management of heavy menstrual bleeding: A pilot study. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2015. [PMID: 26204126 DOI: 10.3109/01443615.2015.1024210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare combined hormonal vaginal ring with ultralow-dose combined oral contraceptive (COC) pills in management of heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB). Fifty patients were randomised into Group I: vaginal ring (n = 25) and group II: COC pills (n = 25). Menstrual blood loss (MBL) was assessed at baseline, 1, 3 and 6 months (while on treatment) and at 9 months (3 months after stopping therapy). There was significant reduction in baseline pictorial blood loss assessment chart (PBAC) score from 440 ± 188 (Mean ± SD) to 178 ± 95, 139 ± 117, 112 ± 84 and 120 ± 108 in group I and from 452 ± 206 to 204 ± 152, 179 ± 125, 176 ± 164 and 202 ± 167 in group II at 1, 3, 6 and 9 months, respectively (p = 0.001). Reduction in MBL was 72% and 62% at 6 months and up to 71% and 55% at 9 months in group I and group II, respectively (p = 0.001). Reduction in MBL with ring was greater at higher baseline PBAC score but lesser in patients with fibroid > 2 cm. Combined vaginal hormonal treatment for HMB is as effective as oral hormonal therapy, with minor and transient side effects and persistence of response after cessation of therapy.
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Huerta-Aguilar CA, Pandiyan T, Singh N, Jayanthi N. Three novel input logic gates supported by fluorescence studies: organic nanoparticles (ONPs) as chemo-sensor for detection of Zn²⁺ and Al³⁺ in aqueous medium. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 146:142-150. [PMID: 25813171 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.03.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Organic nanoparticles (ONPs) of N,N'-ethylenebis(salicylimine) (salen) were synthesized and applied for specific recognition of Zn(2+) and Al(3+) ions in an aqueous medium. The results show that fluorescence intensity rises with the increasing concentration of Zn(2+) in salen solution, proving that salen-ONPs detect Zn(2+) efficiently in the aqueous medium as chemo-sensor. Furthermore, the salen-ONPs/Zn(2+) system performs as an ON-OFF switch between pH 6.0 and 4.0. Amusingly, although salen-ONPs/Al(3+) does not show any significant effect in the fluorescence spectra, highest fluorescence intensity was observed when Al(3+) ion was added to salen-ONPs/Zn(2+) in a sequential order (addition of Zn(2+) to salen-ONPs, followed by Al(3+)). This system can be applied as a novel three inputs logic gate supported by the fluorescence for the detection of Zn(2+) and Al(3+) in biological and environmental samples. It appears that photo induced electron transfer (PET) occurs in the salen-ONPs when the fluorophore is excited. For salen/Zn(2+) system, the PET is being inhibited considerably by lowering the receptor HOMO energy due to the formation of a bond between the metal ion and ligand, enhancing the fluorescence emission. This is consistent with the theoretical study that the energy of HOMO of the ligand is lower than that of Zn(salen)(2+) complex.
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Muthuramu I, Singh N, Amin R, Postnov A, Dresselaers T, Gheysens O, De Geest B. Selective cholesterol lowering gene transfer attenuates the development of pressure overload-induced cardiomyopathy in mice. Atherosclerosis 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.04.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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280
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Chadha D, Singh N, Tewari A, Kumar R, Yadav K, Naveen A, Bhartiya M, Gupta VK, Wagh A, Ghosh A. Hyperperfusion Syndrome after Carotid Artery Stenting. Med J Armed Forces India 2015; 71:S156-9. [PMID: 26265815 PMCID: PMC4529562 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2013.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2012] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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281
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Limaye AP, Singh N. Cytomegalovirus Preventive Strategies in Liver Transplant. Am J Transplant 2015; 15:2009. [PMID: 25908256 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.13267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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282
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Handa A, Chadha D, Singh S, Singh N. Ortner's syndrome: A rare cause in an elderly smoker. Med J Armed Forces India 2015; 71:S178-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2013.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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283
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Dherange PA, Patel S, Singh N, Suryanarayana P. Dissecting the unspeakable: a fatal case of aortic dissection. CASE REPORTS 2015; 2015:bcr-2015-210469. [DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2015-210469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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284
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Kar R, Palanichamy JK, Banerjee A, Chattopadhyay P, Jain SK, Singh N. Survivin siRNA increases sensitivity of primary cultures of ovarian cancer cells to paclitaxel. Clin Transl Oncol 2015; 17:737-42. [PMID: 26033427 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-015-1302-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This aim of this study was to use ovarian cancer cells shed in ascitic fluid to establish primary cultures and subsequently use it to detect drug resistance to paclitaxel. Survivin siRNA was used to down regulate survivin expression and effect on paclitaxel resistance was also evaluated. METHODOLOGY Ascitic fluid along with corresponding primary tumor tissue was collected from twenty untreated epithelial ovarian cancer patients. Ten primary cultures were established from ascites obtained from untreated ovarian cancer patients in MCDB 105 and M199 medium (ratio 1:1). Knockdown of survivin was done using siRNA and sensitivity to paclitaxel was evaluated by MTT assay. RESULTS Grape-like clusters of ovarian cancer cells present in ascites attached and gave a characteristic cobble stone appearance. Treatment with survivin siRNA resulted in a fivefold decrease in survivin expression in primary cultures. Survivin siRNA treatment significantly increased the sensitivity of the primary ovarian cancer cell cultures to paclitaxel. CONCLUSION Ascitic cancer cells reflect the molecular profile of tumor and can be used to diagnose resistance to chemotherapy. This study also establishes that high survivin expression is also responsible for resistance to paclitaxel.
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285
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Sharma S, Bowman C, Alladin A, Singh N. 116: Antibiotic Prescribing Patterns in the Pediatric Emergency Department at Georgetown Public Hospital Corporation. Paediatr Child Health 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/pch/20.5.e76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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286
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Jaiswal A, Das S, Kumar V, Gupta M, Singh N. Simultaneous Determination of Zinc (Zn), Cadmium (Cd), Lead (Pb) and Copper (Cu) in Blood Using Differential- Pulse Anodic-Stripping Voltammetry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.17950/ijer/v4s5/505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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287
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Priyambada L, Bhatia V, Singh N, Bhatia E. Serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D profile after single large oral doses of cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) in medical staff in North India: a pilot study. J Postgrad Med 2015; 60:52-6. [PMID: 24625940 DOI: 10.4103/0022-3859.128812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency is widely prevalent in India and subjects who have almost no exposure to sunlight are severely deficient. Daily oral doses of cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) are costly as compared to stoss doses and further, take a long time for the serum levels to reach a plateau. Compliance to supplementation may also be better if a regimen involves single oral doses of vitamin D at specified intervals rather than daily doses. Evidence-based guidelines regarding the dosing and the frequency of dosing for prophylactic intermittent supplementation (stoss doses) in severely-deficient subjects are few. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a prospective intervention study, we serially assessed 30 asymptomatic healthy medical staff for serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and parathyroid hormone (PTH); (a) at baseline; (b) monthly for 3 months after single oral 60,000 units (U) cholecalciferol; (c) monthly for 3 months after 120,000 (or 180,000 for those with elevated alkaline phosphatase) U cholecalciferol; and, (d) subsequently, at 3 months after a repeat dose of 60,000 U cholecalciferol by repeated measures analysis of variance. RESULTS The baseline serum 25(OH)D was 7.1 ± 5.4 ng/mL (< 10 ng/mL in 85% subjects) which increased to 18.7 ± 8.9 ng/mL at 1 month after 60,000 U of cholecalciferol (P < 0.001) and decreased to 11.1 ± 5.3 ng/mL by the 3 rd month. The higher dose of 120,000 (or 180,000) U increased mean 25(OH)D to 28.9 ± 9.9 ng/mL at the end of 1 st month, declining to 17.9 ± 4.9 ng/mL (P < 0.001) at 3 months. With the subsequent 60,000 U the serum 25(OH)D was 18.4 ± 3.9 ng/mL at 3 months. PTH showed a corresponding negative trend. No hypercalcemia was observed. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent amongst medical staff in Northern India. An initial dose of 120,000-180,000 U of cholecalciferol is required to elevate 25(OH)D out of the deficiency range. Maintenance dose is needed at 2 months.
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Parida SK, Axelsson-Robertson R, Rao MV, Singh N, Master I, Lutckii A, Keshavjee S, Andersson J, Zumla A, Maeurer M. Totally drug-resistant tuberculosis and adjunct therapies. J Intern Med 2015; 277:388-405. [PMID: 24809736 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The first cases of totally drug-resistant (TDR) tuberculosis (TB) were reported in Italy 10 years ago; more recently, cases have also been reported in Iran, India and South Africa. Although there is no consensus on terminology, it is most commonly described as 'resistance to all first- and second-line drugs used to treat TB'. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) acquires drug resistance mutations in a sequential fashion under suboptimal drug pressure due to monotherapy, inadequate dosing, treatment interruptions and drug interactions. The treatment of TDR-TB includes antibiotics with disputed or minimal effectiveness against M.tb, and the fatality rate is high. Comorbidities such as diabetes and infection with human immunodeficiency virus further impact on TB treatment options and survival rates. Several new drug candidates with novel modes of action are under late-stage clinical evaluation (e.g., delamanid, bedaquiline, SQ109 and sutezolid). 'Repurposed' antibiotics have also recently been included in the treatment of extensively drug resistant TB. However, because of mutations in M.tb, drugs will not provide a cure for TB in the long term. Adjunct TB therapies, including therapeutic vaccines, vitamin supplementation and/or repurposing of drugs targeting biologically and clinically relevant molecular pathways, may achieve better clinical outcomes in combination with standard chemotherapy. Here, we review broader perspectives of drug resistance in TB and potential adjunct treatment options.
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Madhanraj K, Singh N, Gupta M, Singh MP, Ratho RK. An outbreak of rubella in Chandigarh, India. Indian Pediatr 2015; 51:897-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s13312-014-0523-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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290
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Behera D, Maturu V, Sehgal I, Singh N. 161: Clinical experience with oral topotecan in relapsed small cell lung cancer patients following irinotecan–platinum chemotherapy. Lung Cancer 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(15)50155-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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291
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Singh N, Chadha D, Bharadwaj P, Agarwal N. Adolf Kussmaul and Kussmaul's sign. JOURNAL OF THE PRACTICE OF CARDIOVASCULAR SCIENCES 2015. [DOI: 10.4103/2395-5414.166317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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292
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Shrivastava AK, Singh HV, Raizada A, Singh SK, Pandey A, Singh N, Yadav DS, Sharma H. Inflammatory markers in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2015; 43:81-7. [PMID: 24656623 DOI: 10.1016/j.aller.2013.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Revised: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are the consequence of a persistent imbalance between pro- and anti-inflammatory immune mechanisms, leading to chronic inflammation. The objective of this study was to determine whether the high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and cytokines are elevated in RA patients and to investigate the relationship between these markers and disease activity in RA, measured by disease activity score 28 (DAS28). METHODS We studied 110 RA patients according to American College of Rheumatology revised criteria for RA, and 55 controls matched by age and sex. Serum levels of hs-CRP and cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10 and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were estimated and correlated with the DAS28. Serum hs-CRP was assayed immunoturbidimetrically and cytokines were analysed by commercially available ELISA kit. RESULTS We found that RA patients had significantly higher levels of serum hs-CRP (p<0.001), IL-6 (p<0.001), TNF-α (p<0.001), and IL-10 (p<0.01) as compared to healthy controls. hs-CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α correlated positively (p<0.001) and IL-10 correlated negatively (p<0.01) with DAS28. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that RA patients have high levels of inflammatory markers, and these levels are correlated with the DAS28. These findings suggest a possible role of these markers in the pathogenesis of RA. Moreover, these biomarkers can be used as markers of disease activity in the diagnosis and treatment of RA.
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Gordts SC, Singh N, Muthuramu I, De Geest B. Pleiotropic effects of HDL: towards new therapeutic areas for HDL-targeted interventions. Curr Mol Med 2014; 14:481-503. [PMID: 24236451 DOI: 10.2174/1566524013666131118113927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Revised: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Plasma levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels and of apolipoprotein A-I are inversely correlated with the incidence of coronary heart disease. According to the HDL hypothesis, raising HDL cholesterol is expected to lead to a decrease of coronary heart disease risk. The stringent requirement for proving or refuting this hypothesis is that the causal pathway between the therapeutic intervention and a hard clinical end-point obligatory passes through HDL. The lack of positive clinical results in several recent HDL trials should be interpreted in light of the poor HDL specificity of the drugs that were investigated in these trials. Nevertheless, the results of Mendelian randomization studies further raise the possibility that the epidemiological relationship between HDL cholesterol and coronary artery disease might reflect residual confounding. HDL are circulating multimolecular platforms that exert divergent functions: reverse cholesterol transport, antiinflammatory effects, anti-oxidative effects, immunomodulatory effects, improved endothelial function, increased endothelial progenitor cell number and function, antithrombotic effects, and potentiation of insulin secretion and improvement of insulin sensitivity. Pleiotropic effects of HDL might be translated in clinically significant effects in strategically selected therapeutic areas that are not directly related to native coronary artery disease. In this review, four new therapeutic areas for HDL-targeted diseases are presented: critical illness, allograft vasculopathy and vein graft atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and heart failure. The strategic selection of these therapeutic areas is not only based on specific functional properties of HDL but also on significant pre-clinical and clinical data that support this choice.
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Purdy IB, Singh N, Brown WL, Vangala S, Devaskar UP. Revisiting early hypothyroidism screening in infants with Down syndrome. J Perinatol 2014; 34:936-40. [PMID: 24945161 PMCID: PMC4255086 DOI: 10.1038/jp.2014.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Revised: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify if the incidence of hypothyroidism in infants with Down syndrome is higher than previous childhood estimates (15%) when examined prior to the standard retesting at 6 months of age. STUDY DESIGN A retrospective observational cohort study of 122 children with Down syndrome admitted to a university-based birthing hospital between May 2000 and March 2012. Demographic data (for example, date of birth, gender, gestational age, inborn) and diagnostic data (Down syndrome, congenital heart disease and gastrointestinal disease) were cross-linked with thyroid hormone laboratory tests (total thyroxine, free thyroxine and thyroid stimulating hormone) to determine incidence of identified hypothyroidism and thyroid testing prior to 4 months of age (n=80). RESULT In all, 32.5% were found to have any hypothyroidism. Of these, 14 were primary hypothyroidism (17.5%) needing supplemental T4 therapy, 12 were compensated hypothyroidism (15%) and euthyroid was identified in 54 infants (67.5%). CONCLUSION Despite normal newborn screens, the incidence of any hypothyroidism (early compensated hypothyroidism and primary hypothyroidism) was higher than previously reported.
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295
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Winston DJ, Limaye AP, Pelletier S, Safdar N, Morris MI, Meneses K, Busuttil RW, Singh N. Randomized, double-blind trial of anidulafungin versus fluconazole for prophylaxis of invasive fungal infections in high-risk liver transplant recipients. Am J Transplant 2014; 14:2758-64. [PMID: 25376267 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.12963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Revised: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) are a common complication in liver transplant recipients. There are no previous randomized trials of an echinocandin for the prevention of IFIs in solid organ transplant recipients. In a randomized, double-blind trial conducted at University-affiliated transplant centers, 200 high-risk liver transplant recipients (100 patients per group) received either anidulafungin or fluconazole for antifungal prophylaxis. Randomization was stratified by Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score ≥30 and receipt of a pretransplant antifungal agent. The primary end point was IFI in a modified intent-to-treat analysis. The overall incidence of IFI was similar for the anidulafungin (5.1%) and the fluconazole groups (8.0%) (OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.19-1.94, p = 0.40). However, anidulafungin prophylaxis was associated with less Aspergillus colonization or infection (3% vs. 9%, p = 0.08), lower breakthrough IFIs among patients who had received pretransplant fluconazole (0% vs. 27%, p = 0.07), and fewer cases of antifungal resistance (no cases vs. 5 cases). Both drugs were well-tolerated. Graft rejection, fungal-free survival, and mortality were similar for both groups. Thus, anidulafungin and fluconazole have similar efficacy for antifungal prophylaxis in most liver transplant recipients. Anidulafungin may be beneficial if the patient has an increased risk for Aspergillus infection or received fluconazole before transplantation.
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Banajjar Revanasiddappa V, Mittal S, Malhotra N, Singh N. β-hCG Levels In Predicting Long Term Pregnancy Outcome. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2014.08.635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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297
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Singh P, Singh N, Mahajan SK, Singh T. Echocardiography as an approach for canine cardiac disease diagnosis. Vet World 2014. [DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2014.960-965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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298
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Gupta M, Singh N, Verma S, Cox J, Dorian P, Fournier C, Gladstone D, Lockwood E, Mancini G, Saldanha C, Shuaib A, Kajil M, Tsigoulis M, Ha A. HIGH RATES OF CONCOMITANT ANTIPLATELET USE IN PATIENTS WITH ATRIAL FIBRILLATION TREATED WITH ORAL ANTICOAGULATION: INSIGHTS FROM THE STROKE PREVENTION AND RHYTHM INTERVENTIONS IN ATRIAL FIBRILLATION (SPRINT-AF) REGISTRY. Can J Cardiol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2014.07.289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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299
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Gutteridge D, Shy B, Singh N, Rabin E. 7 Reconsidering the Doctor-in-Triage: Team-Based Triage and Care May Improve Patient Throughput. Ann Emerg Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2014.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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300
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Singh N, Dubal P, Jain N, Chandra S, Song D, Suh D, Yan L. SUBOPTIMAL ADHERENCE TO EVIDENCE BASED CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE (CAD) THERAPY: IMPACT OF GENDER, ETHNICITY, PRESCRIBING PHYSICIAN AND DRUG INTOLERANCE. Can J Cardiol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2014.07.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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