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Seksik P, Dray X, Sokol H, Marteau P. Is there any place for alimentary probiotics, prebiotics or synbiotics, for patients with inflammatory bowel disease? Mol Nutr Food Res 2008; 52:906-12. [PMID: 18384087 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.200700147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) involves an interaction between genetically determined host susceptibility, dysregulated immune response, and the enteric microbiota. Ecological treatments including probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics are actively studied in Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC) and pouchitis. We review herein the literature on the rational use of probiotics in IBD considering efficacy (as evaluated in randomized controlled trials), mechanisms of action and safety issues. A probiotic effect is strictly restricted to one defined strain and cannot be generalized from one to another. There is evidence of efficacy of some probiotic drugs in pouchitis (VSL#3), and in the prevention of recurrence of UC (Escherichia coli Nissle 1917). However, the evidence for efficacy of probiotic drugs in CD is still low as well as that of dietary ecological treatments. Despite an ecological (hopefully nutritional) treatment of IBD is promising, many questions remain unanswered and further clinical and fundamental studies are needed.
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Marteau P. IBD and pregnancy. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2008; 14 Suppl 2:S43-4. [PMID: 18816660 DOI: 10.1002/ibd.20565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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128
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129
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Piton G, Cosnes J, Monnet E, Beaugerie L, Seksik P, Savoye G, Cadiot G, Flourie B, Capelle P, Marteau P, Lemann M, Colombel JF, Khouri E, Bonaz B, Carbonnel F. Risk factors associated with small bowel adenocarcinoma in Crohn's disease: a case-control study. Am J Gastroenterol 2008; 103:1730-6. [PMID: 18564124 DOI: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2008.01847.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS It is well established that Crohn's disease (CD) is associated with an increased risk of small bowel adenocarcinoma (SBA). The data concerning SBA risk factors in CD are scanty. The aim of this study was to identify them. METHODS In 11 French centers affiliated with the GETAID (Groupe d'Etude Thérapeutique des Affections Inflammatoires du Tube Digestif), we identified 29 patients with CD and SBA. Eighty-seven CD controls without SBA recruited in a single center were matched to the cases for sex, age, duration, and CD site. A conditional logistic regression, taking into account the matching between cases and controls, was performed. RESULTS In univariate analysis, the cases had had significantly less small bowel resection and received prolonged treatment with salicylates (more than 2 yr), less often than the controls (odds ratio, OR [95% confidence interval, CI] 0.07 [0.01-0.32] and 0.29 [0.10-0.82], respectively). In multivariate analysis, both associations remained significant (OR 0.04 [0.01-0.28], P= 0.001; OR 0.16 [0.03-0.79], P= 0.02, respectively). CONCLUSION This study suggests that small bowel resection and prolonged salicylates use may protect against SBA in CD patients.
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Poupeney S, Dray X, Reignier S, Vahedi K, Alhenc M, Belluci S, Marteau P. Decrease in factor V activity: a new adverse effect of purine analogs in inflammatory bowel diseases? Inflamm Bowel Dis 2008; 14:1024-5. [PMID: 18286642 DOI: 10.1002/ibd.20411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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131
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Lepage P, Colombet J, Marteau P, Sime-Ngando T, Doré J, Leclerc M. Dysbiosis in inflammatory bowel disease: a role for bacteriophages? Gut 2008; 57:424-5. [PMID: 18268057 DOI: 10.1136/gut.2007.134668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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132
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Travis SPL, Stange EF, Lémann M, Oresland T, Bemelman WA, Chowers Y, Colombel JF, D'Haens G, Ghosh S, Marteau P, Kruis W, Mortensen NJM, Penninckx F, Gassull M. European evidence-based Consensus on the management of ulcerative colitis: Current management. J Crohns Colitis 2008; 2:24-62. [PMID: 21172195 DOI: 10.1016/j.crohns.2007.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 402] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2007] [Accepted: 11/23/2007] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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133
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Cacheux W, Seksik P, Lemann M, Marteau P, Nion-Larmurier I, Afchain P, Daniel F, Beaugerie L, Cosnes J. Predictive factors of response to cyclosporine in steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis. Am J Gastroenterol 2008; 103:637-42. [PMID: 18047542 DOI: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2007.01653.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cyclosporine is an effective rescue therapy in steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis (UC) and may avoid immediate colectomy. However, the individual's response to cyclosporine is poorly predictable. The aim of this study was to identify predictive factors of the response to cyclosporine in steroid-refractory UC. METHODS One hundred thirty-five patients with steroid-refractory UC, admitted consecutively between 1992 and 2004, were included. Data were collected on the first day of the cyclosporine therapy. Colonoscopy was performed within 2 days preceding or following the cyclosporine treatment in 118 patients for assessing the presence of severe endoscopic lesions. RESULTS The actuarial rate of colectomy was 0.45 at 6 months. Cox analysis in the whole population selected three predictive criteria of colectomy: body temperature >37.5 degrees C (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.94, 95% confidence interval 1.51-2.49), heart rate >90 bpm (1.86, 1.45-2.38), and C-reactive protein (CRP) >45 mg/L (1.70, 1.34-2.16). In the 118 patients who underwent colonoscopy, the presence of severe endoscopic lesions was an independent predictive factor of colectomy (2.38, 1.80-3.14). Colonoscopy was decisive and changed the therapeutic decision in patients with one or two criteria: 71% of the patients with severe endoscopic lesions were colectomized versus 17% of the patients without severe endoscopic lesions (P < 0.001). Finally, the clinical, biological, and endoscopic criteria allowed the classification of the patients into two different groups (80%vs 20% colectomy at 6 months). CONCLUSION In patients with steroid-refractory UC, the combination of simple criteria is useful to predict the response to cyclosporine. Colonoscopy is crucial in patients with intermediate clinical and biological severity.
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Drouault-Holowacz S, Bieuvelet S, Burckel A, Cazaubiel M, Dray X, Marteau P. A double blind randomized controlled trial of a probiotic combination in 100 patients with irritable bowel syndrome. GASTROENTEROLOGIE CLINIQUE ET BIOLOGIQUE 2008; 32:147-52. [PMID: 18387426 DOI: 10.1016/j.gcb.2007.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2007] [Revised: 06/27/2007] [Accepted: 06/27/2007] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a probiotic combination on symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). METHODS We investigated the efficiency of a probiotic dietary supplement, containing four strains of lactic acid bacteria, on symptoms of IBS. One hundred and sixteen patients with IBS fulfilling the Rome II criteria were randomized in a parallel group, double-blind study to receive a placebo or a probiotic combination (1 x 10(10) cfu once daily) for four weeks. The symptoms that were monitored weekly included discomfort, abdominal pain, and stool frequency and quality. Quality of life was assessed before and at the end of the treatment using the SF36 and FDD-quality-of-life questionnaires. RESULTS One hundred subjects completed the study (48 probiotic combination, 52 placebo). The probiotic combination was not superior to the placebo in relieving symptoms of IBS (42.6 versus 42.3% improvement). However, the decrease of abdominal pain between the first and the fourth week of treatment was significantly higher in probiotic treated patients (-41.9 versus -24.2%, P=0.048). Interesting findings from the IBS sub-groups were also observed such as a lower pain score at end point in patients with alternating bowel habits (P=0.023) and an increase of stool frequency in the constipated sub-group from the first week of probiotic treatment (P=0.043). CONCLUSIONS The probiotic combination was not significantly superior to the placebo in relieving symptoms of IBS. Despite the apparent high placebo response, interesting findings from IBS sub-groups were observed in the field of abdominal pain and stool frequency.
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Dray X, Marteau P. [Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis]. LA REVUE DU PRATICIEN 2007; 57:2305-2310. [PMID: 18320754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
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136
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de Parades V, Bauer P, Marteau P, Chauveinc L, Bouillet T, Atienza P. Traitement non chirurgical des rectites radiques chroniques hémorragiques. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 31:919-28. [DOI: 10.1016/s0399-8320(07)78299-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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137
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Dray X, Medeau V, Qubaja M, Lavergne‐Slove A, Guillausseau PJ, Marteau P. Colonic colonisation with Giardia lamblia in a patient receiving fibrates. Gut 2007; 56:1639-40. [PMID: 17938439 PMCID: PMC2095673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
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138
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Vernier-Massouille G, Cosnes J, Lemann M, Marteau P, Reinisch W, Laharie D, Cadiot G, Bouhnik Y, De Vos M, Boureille A, Duclos B, Seksik P, Mary JY, Colombel JF. Nodular regenerative hyperplasia in patients with inflammatory bowel disease treated with azathioprine. Gut 2007; 56:1404-9. [PMID: 17504943 PMCID: PMC2000290 DOI: 10.1136/gut.2006.114363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM To assess the characteristics and clinical course of nodular regenerative hyperplasia (NRH) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease treated with azathioprine, so as to estimate the frequency of this complication and search for risk factors. METHODS Cases were identified through a systematic survey of patients followed at 11 centres. At one centre, the cumulative risk of NRH was estimated and a case-control study was undertaken to identify risk factors. RESULTS 37 cases of NRH (30 male, 7 female) were identified between 1994 and 2005. The median dose of azathioprine was 2 mg/kg/d (range 1.5 to 3.0). The median time between the start of azathioprine and the diagnosis of NRH was 48 months (range 6 to 187). After a median follow up period of 16 months (range 1 to 138), 14 patients developed complications of portal hypertension. Using multivariate analysis, male sex and stricturing behaviour were the two risk factors associated with NRH in patients treated with azathioprine. The cumulative risk calculated from the database (one centre) was 0.5% at 5 years (95% confidence interval, 0.11 to 0.89) and 1.25% at 10 years (0.29 to 2.21). CONCLUSIONS NRH is a rare but potentially severe complication of azathioprine in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Clinicians should be aware of this complication, and should monitor liver function tests and platelet counts closely in their patients.
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Dray X, Vahedi K, Valleur P, Marteau P. Is there any need for video capsule endoscopy evaluation in postduodenal small-bowel polyps detection in familial adenomatous polyposis? Gastrointest Endosc 2007; 66:634; author reply 634-5. [PMID: 17725961 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2007.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2007] [Accepted: 04/07/2007] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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140
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Jomni T, Dray X, Marteau P. [Combination of purine analogues and aminosalicylates in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: why and how?]. GASTROENTEROLOGIE CLINIQUE ET BIOLOGIQUE 2007; 31:758-760. [PMID: 17925782 DOI: 10.1016/s0399-8320(07)91940-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
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141
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Vasquez N, Mangin I, Lepage P, Seksik P, Duong JP, Blum S, Schiffrin E, Suau A, Allez M, Vernier G, Tréton X, Doré J, Marteau P, Pochart P. Patchy distribution of mucosal lesions in ileal Crohn's disease is not linked to differences in the dominant mucosa-associated bacteria: a study using fluorescence in situ hybridization and temporal temperature gradient gel electrophoresis. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2007; 13:684-92. [PMID: 17206669 DOI: 10.1002/ibd.20084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mucosa-associated bacteria (MAB) are suspected of being involved in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease. We analyzed and compared the MAB in noninflamed and inflamed ileal mucosa of Crohn's disease patients (n = 22). METHODS Tissue samples from the inflamed ileal mucosa and from the adjacent noninflamed ileal mucosa were taken from surgical resection specimens. The MAB were investigated using fluorescence in situ hybridization with 7 group-specific probes and temporal temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TTGE). RESULTS Samples from both noninflamed and inflamed mucosa were obtained from 15 patients. The distribution of the bacterial populations was not different between noninflamed and inflamed mucosa. The Bacteroidetes phylum was dominant and accounted for 29% of MAB (0%-74%) in noninflamed tissues and 32% (0%-70%) in inflamed areas. The gamma Proteobacteria represented 12% (0%-70%) of MAB both in noninflamed and inflamed areas. The Clostridium coccoides group (Firmicutes phylum) represented 15% of MAB in noninflamed tissues versus 7% in inflamed areas. For most of the patients the similarity index between TTGE paired profiles was very high. CONCLUSION The dominant MAB do not differ between noninflamed and inflamed ileal mucosa in Crohn's disease. This argues against a localized dysbiosis to explain the patchy distribution of mucosal lesions.
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Seksik P, Daniel F, Marteau P, Beaugerie L, Cosnes J. [Refractory proctitis]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 31:393-7. [PMID: 17483776 DOI: 10.1016/s0399-8320(07)89398-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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143
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Abstract
The potential ‘nutritional advantages’ of probiotics and prebiotics consist of preventive, and sometimes curative, effects against certain diseases. The evidence supporting such advantages, which requires randomised controlled trials and consistency of results from study to study, is rapidly increasing. This article summarizes the effects against diseases of intestinal origin. There is a high level of evidence for positive effects of some prebiotics to alleviate constipation and treat hepatic encephalopathy. Interesting aspects, but with a lower level of evidence at the present time, include prevention of colon cancer, intestinal infection, and recurrence of inflammatory bowel disease. There is a high level of evidence for positive effects of some probiotics in the alleviation of lactose intolerance, antibiotic-associated intestinal disorders and gastroenteritis. Evidence is rapidly growing regarding the prevention of recurrence of inflammatory bowel diseases. Positive trials have suggested preventive effects against intestinal colonization with specific gut pathogens includingClostridium difficileandHelicobacter pylori.
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144
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D'Haens G, Sandborn WJ, Feagan BG, Geboes K, Hanauer SB, Irvine EJ, Lémann M, Marteau P, Rutgeerts P, Schölmerich J, Sutherland LR. A review of activity indices and efficacy end points for clinical trials of medical therapy in adults with ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology 2007. [PMID: 17258735 DOI: 10.1056/nejm198712243172603,] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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145
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146
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Dray X, Vahedi K, Delcey V, Lavergne-Slove A, Raskine L, Bergmann JF, Marteau P. Mycobacterium avium duodenal infection mimicking Whipple's disease in a patient with AIDS. Endoscopy 2007; 39 Suppl 1:E296-7. [PMID: 17957643 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-966483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
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147
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Dray X, Vahedi K, Pautrat K, Boudiaf M, Marteau P, Valleur P. [Colobiliary fistula with a liver abscess complicating adenocarcinoma of the ascending colon]. GASTROENTEROLOGIE CLINIQUE ET BIOLOGIQUE 2007; 31:149-50. [PMID: 17347622 DOI: 10.1016/s0399-8320(07)89346-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
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148
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Dray X, Sokol H, Vahedi K, Lavergne-Slove A, Marteau P. Pure ileal Crohn's disease without colonic involvement after a long ileo-colonic anastomosis (Lester Martin Procedure) for Hirschsprung's disease: an argument favoring a specific sensitivity of the ileum in a subset of patients with Crohn's disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2007; 13:243-4. [PMID: 17206715 DOI: 10.1002/ibd.20002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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149
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D'Haens G, Sandborn WJ, Feagan BG, Geboes K, Hanauer SB, Irvine EJ, Lémann M, Marteau P, Rutgeerts P, Schölmerich J, Sutherland LR. A review of activity indices and efficacy end points for clinical trials of medical therapy in adults with ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology 2007; 132:763-86. [PMID: 17258735 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2006.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 738] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2006] [Accepted: 10/12/2006] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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150
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Pélissier MA, Marteau P, Pochart P. Antioxidant effects of metronidazole in colonic tissue. Dig Dis Sci 2007; 52:40-4. [PMID: 17151808 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-006-9231-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2005] [Accepted: 12/30/2005] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species, primarily generated in the mitochondria, contribute to tissue injury in inflammatory bowel diseases. The efficacy of metronidazole (MTZ) in some situations of inflammatory bowel disease may result not only from its antibiotic effect, but also from an antioxidant effect. We evaluated, under physiologic conditions, the antioxidant potential of MTZ on the biomarkers of oxidative damage to proteins (protein carbonyls), lipids (malondialdehyde), and the levels of antioxidant defense (glutathione) in the small bowel, large bowel, and liver of control and MTZ-treated rats. Basal levels of protein carbonyls and malondialdehyde were significantly higher in the colon compared with those in the small intestine, whereas glutathione levels were quite similar along the bowel. MTZ reduced significantly the colonic oxidative damage to proteins without any side effect in the liver. This is the first evidence of an antioxidant effect of MTZ on oxidative protein damage in the colon under physiologic conditions.
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