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Jiang S, Fu W. Seasonal Abundance and Distribution of Vibrio cholerae in Coastal Waters Quantified by a 16S-23S Intergenic Spacer Probe. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2001; 42:540-548. [PMID: 12024237 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-001-0029-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2001] [Accepted: 06/29/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio cholerae is the causative agent of the severe diarrheal disease cholera and is indigenous to brackish waters. To advance our understanding of the ecology of this bacterium, we have developed a molecular probing method for detection of V. cholerae in coastal waters. Water samples from 7 locations in the Newport Bay watershed, California were sampled monthly for a whole year. V. cholerae concentrations were determined by membrane filtration-colony hybridization using an oligonucleotide probe targeting the 16S-23S intergenic spacer (ITS) region. In addition to V. cholerae concentrations, environmental parameters, including temperature, salinity, total bacterial direct counts, total viable counts, and chlorophyll a concentrations, were determined for each site. V. cholerae was detected year-round throughout the watershed. Regression analysis indicated that the concentration of V. cholerae inversely correlated with salinity (p <0.001). The sampling sites located nearest to the Pacific Ocean had lower concentrations, whereas sites located along the brackish San Diego Creek (salinity 0-12 per thousand) routinely had higher concentrations. V. cholerae concentrations also correlated with temperature (p <0.01) in the watershed, with concentrations ranging from less than 1 CFU mL-1 to 2,930 CFU mL-1 of water. The results of this study indicate that the dynamics of V. cholerae is mainly influenced, out of the parameters measured, by the temperature and salinity of the environment. This information is valuable for understanding the ecology of V. cholerae.
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Chen B, Fu W, Guo D, Wang Y. [Endovascular treatment for peripheral arterial stenosis with endoluminal stent]. ZHONGHUA WAI KE ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF SURGERY] 2001; 39:911-4. [PMID: 16201168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To initially evaluate the effect and security of endovascular treatment for arterial stenosis with endoluminal stent. METHODS Thirty-four cases of arterial stenosis were treated with endoluminal stent from March 1999 to May 2001. The stenosis involved descending aorta (1 case), iliac artery (2), femoral artery (2), carotid artery (1), subclavian artery (2) and renal artery (1). Thiry-three cases had arteriosclerosis and one Takayasu's arteritis. Twenty-six cases were percutaneously punctured and eight cases were punctured directly. RESULTS All the 34 cases had the stents successfully implanted. However, one case of descending aorta stenosis died on the operation day due to rupture of the descending aorta. Dissection was performed in thirteen cases after balloon dilation and hematoma was seen at the puncturing point in eleven cases. TIA (transient ischemia attack) and cerebral infarction did not occur in the case of carotid arterial stenosis. For those with stenosis in lower extremities, ABI (ankle-brachial index) increased from 0.45 to 0.72 postoperatively. The brachial pressure of two cases of subclavian arterial stenosis returned to normal postoperatively. The blood pressure of case of renal arterial stenosis reduced from 180/120 mm Hg to 140/90 mm Hg. All the cases were followed up for one month to 26 months. Thrombosis of the arteries treated occurred in two cases of iliac arterial stenosis four and six months postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS The effect of endovascular treatment for arterial stenosis with endoluminal stent is satisfactory. Endovascular therapy is especially suitable for iliac arterial and limited stenosis of the subclavian artery. However, it should be cautiously used in the stenosis of the carotid artery.
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Lu C, Fu W, Mattson MP. Telomerase protects developing neurons against DNA damage-induced cell death. BRAIN RESEARCH. DEVELOPMENTAL BRAIN RESEARCH 2001; 131:167-71. [PMID: 11718848 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-3806(01)00237-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
In mitotic cells, telomerase adds repeats of a DNA sequence (TTAGGG) to the ends of chromosomes (telomeres) thereby maintaining their length and preventing cellular senescence. We recently reported that the catalytic subunit of telomerase (TERT) is expressed in neuronal progenitor cells and in early postmitotic neurons in the developing rodent brain. We now report that TERT can protect cultured PC12 cells and embryonic hippocampal neurons against death induced by DNA damage. Overexpression of TERT in PC12 cells increases their resistance to the topoisomerase inhibitors camptothecin and etoposide. Hippocampal neurons in which TERT levels are decreased using antisense technology exhibit increased vulnerability to the DNA-damaging agents. Emerging findings suggest that DNA damage may trigger the death of neurons during brain development and in neurodegenerative disorders. Our data therefore suggest roles for TERT in modulating such cell deaths.
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Fu W, Hou J, Wang D. [Study on structure change and hypermethylation of p16 gene in multiple myeloma]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2001; 22:573-6. [PMID: 11855144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To illustrate the role of structure and hypermethylation of p16 gene in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma(MM). METHODS By using PCR-single strand conformation polymorphisms(PCR-SSCP) and methylation-specific PCR(MSP) techniques, the structure and hypermethylation status of p16 gene in MM cell lines and patients were analysed. RESULTS Homozygous deletion of p16 exon 2 was found in KM3 cells. The completely methylated p16 gene and hypermethylation of CPG island were observed in U266, LP1 cell lines and 55.56% of MM patients. CONCLUSION Methylation of p16 gene is important in the pathogenesis of MM and may provide a new drug target for the treatment of MM.
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Chen F, Wang Y, Fu W. [Surgical treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms: report of 482 cases]. ZHONGHUA WAI KE ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF SURGERY] 2001; 39:835-7. [PMID: 11930734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To improve the safety of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair. METHOD The experience of 482 cases of AAA in surgical treatment and endovascular graft exclusion were reviewed from January 1960 to March 2001. RESULTS Retroperitoneal approach and minimal incision was used for AAA operation. New methods for control of the "neck" of aneurysm, aneurysmectomy and endovascular graft exclusion were applied. The danger of AAA repair obviously decreased. The operative mortality was 5.2% and the five-year survival rate was 74.4%. CONCLUSION The improvement of surgical and anesthetic techniques made AAA resection rapid and safe.
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Fu W. [Wang Jimin: dedication to the study of medical history for fifty years](Chi). ZHONGHUA YI SHI ZA ZHI (BEIJING, CHINA : 1980) 2001; 17:145-8. [PMID: 11612410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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Fu W. [Sixty years of museum for history of Chinese medicine]. ZHONGHUA YI SHI ZA ZHI (BEIJING, CHINA : 1980) 2001; 26:225-30. [PMID: 11618798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
The developmental course of museum for history of Chinese medicine can be divided into 4 stages, namely, Period of Initiation (1937-1949), Period of Development (1950-1965), Period of Stagnation (1966-1976) and Period of Rejuvenation (1977-). The article introduces the dovelopmental course of museum for history of Chinese medicine period by period, supported with plenty of historical facts.
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Abstract
The treatment for the patients with Paget disease of the breast is controversial. This review of its natural history, treatment approach, and clinical outcome will help to formulate treatment. Forty-one patients with a diagnosis of Paget disease of the breast were retrospectively reviewed at Providence Hospital & Medical Centers from 1980 to 1999. Ninety-eight percent of patients had underlying carcinoma (ductal carcinoma in situ and/or invasive ductal cancer). Patients with a palpable mass have a much higher incidence of invasive ductal cancer, positive lymph node, and a worse survival rate. The median length of follow-up was 42 months (range: 6--200 months). Twenty-seven percent of patients (11/41) had conservative operations, including 1 patient with a palpable mass; 10 patients with no palpable mass; and 3 patients with recurrence after conservative operation. Thirty-seven percent of patients received adjuvant therapy. Paget disease of the breast has very high incidence of underlying carcinoma (100% in a palpable mass, 96% in nonpalpable mass). Patients with a palpable mass have a worse survival than do patients with nonpalpable mass. Conservative operation should cautiously be selected even for patients with no palpable mass because of a higher recurrence rate.
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Fu W, Lobocki CA, Silberberg BK, Chelladurai M, Young SC. Molecular markers in Paget disease of the breast. J Surg Oncol 2001; 77:171-8. [PMID: 11455553 DOI: 10.1002/jso.1090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Molecular markers are increasingly being analyzed in tumor specimens because of their relevance to both prognosis and choice of therapy. Paget disease of the breast is an uncommon form of breast cancer, in which molecular markers have not been well characterized. The objective of this study was to investigate the expression of c-erbB-2, p53, Ki-67, Cyclin D1, Bcl-2, estrogen receptors (ER), and progesterone receptors (PR) in mammary Paget disease. METHODS Archival tumor tissues from 14 patients diagnosed between 1990 and 1999 with Paget disease of the breast were analyzed for these molecular markers by using an automated immunohistochemical assay. Both the intraepidermal Paget cells and the underlying carcinoma were assessed for these markers. RESULTS The majority of Paget cells were positive for c-erbB-2 (92.9%), Cyclin D1 (100%), and Ki-67 (85.7%), but very few were positive for Bcl-2 (14.3%). p53 was overexpressed in 42.9% of the cases, and only 28.6% were positive for ER and PR. The rate of expression of these biologic markers was similar in both the Paget cells and the underlying intraductal and/or ductal carcinoma cells. CONCLUSIONS Tumors from patients with Paget disease of the breast were positive for c-erbB-2, Cyclin D1, and Ki-67, molecular markers commonly associated with more aggressive tumor behavior and poorer survival in breast cancer patients. Few of these tumors expressed Bcl-2 or ER and PR, which are generally associated with a better prognosis. Similar expression of these markers in both Paget cells and the underlying carcinoma supports the theory that these cells are the result of an intraepidermal spread of ductal carcinoma.
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Wang GK, Ousley A, Darlington TK, Chen D, Chen Y, Fu W, Hickman LJ, Kay SA, Sehgal A. Regulation of the cycling of timeless (tim) RNA. JOURNAL OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2001; 47:161-75. [PMID: 11333398 DOI: 10.1002/neu.1024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms in Drosophila depend upon expression of the timeless (tim) and period (per) genes, which encode interacting components of the endogenous clock. These two clock genes show a robust circadian oscillation in transcription rate as well as RNA and protein levels. Transcriptional activation of both genes requires the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) PAS transcription factors dCLOCK (dCLK) and CYCLE (CYC), which bind E-box elements. We investigated the role of E-box elements in regulating behavioral rhythmicity and tim gene expression. We show that mutation of the upstream E-box in the tim gene prevents the rescue by tim cDNA sequences of the arrhythmic tim(01) phenotype. RNA encoded by this mutated tim transgene fails to cycle and is expressed at low levels. While a tim transgene carrying a wild-type E-box restores behavioral rhythms, tim RNA levels are intermediate to those of the mutant E-box transgenic lines and wild type, and do not display high amplitude cycling. On the other hand, high-amplitude RNA cycling was consistently obtained with a tim transgene that contains genomic, rather than cDNA, sequences. To identify additional sequences that may be required for tim cycling, we investigated the role of an E-box in the first intron of the tim gene through cell culture experiments. In these experiments, the presence of this intron did not have any effect on the activation of tim transcription by dCLK/CYC. As the upstream E-box was implicated in activation by dCLK/CYC in cell culture, we assayed sequences containing this E-box for association with proteins in fly head extracts. These studies provide the first biochemical evidence for an in vivo complex containing dCLK and CYC that binds the tim upstream sequence and is detected at all times of day. Together, these data highlight molecular mechanisms that are critical for behavioral rhythms.
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Zeng D, Luo X, Fu W. [Studies on the isolation, culture and DNA identification of mycelia of Tricholoma matsutake]. WEI SHENG WU XUE BAO = ACTA MICROBIOLOGICA SINICA 2001; 41:278-86. [PMID: 12549080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
The tissue isolation for Tricholom matsutake(S Ito et Imai) Sing were made with 8 media in 810 test tubes from different positions of 9 basidiocarps of different source and from mycorrhizae, and soil with the fungi in the studies. The results showed that 94 test tubes of slow-growing mycelia were isolated from lamellae and their success percentages of isolation with media PDAS, PDAW, BM, PDA were 74.4%, 355%, 15.6% and 8.9% respectively. The fast-growing mycelia were easily got from the mycorrhizae and soil related to matsutake. The isolates with different culture characteristics were appraised through DNA fingerprinting comparison with matsutake basidiocarps collected from Jilin province, China and reference isolates presented by matsutake research workers of China and Japan, in which RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA)-PCR patterns were sharply prepared using 17 arbitrary decamer nucleotide primers screened. The statistical data indicated that all slow-growing mycelia isolated from lamellae had the same DNA fingerprinting patterns as their origin basidiocarps tissues such as pileus (containing lamellae) and stipe, whose similarity coeffecients all were 1.000, and were therefore identified as true Tricholoma matsutake. However, the fast-growing mycelia or yeast colony were identified as not matsutake. The results suggested that matsutake and its own mycelia have DNA homogeneity, and there exists no any other microbe in the basidiocarps. The results also demonstrated that all matsutake from east China and reference isolates of matsutake from southwest China and Japan were one same species Tricholoma matsutake, whose DNA similarity coeffecients varied from 0.934 to 0.994.
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Mattson MP, Fu W, Zhang P. Emerging roles for telomerase in regulating cell differentiation and survival: a neuroscientist's perspective. Mech Ageing Dev 2001; 122:659-71. [PMID: 11322991 DOI: 10.1016/s0047-6374(01)00221-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Telomerase is a reverse transcriptase that adds repeats of a DNA sequence (TTAGGG) to the ends of chromosomes (telomeres) in mitotic cells, thus maintaining their length and preventing cell cycle arrest and cell death (cellular senescence). During development of the nervous system, telomerase activity levels are high in neural progenitor cells, but then they decrease as cells differentiate or die. The catalytic subunit of telomerase (TERT) remains at relatively high levels during the process of neuronal differentiation and then decreases sharply during the period when synapses form and programmed cell death occurs. TERT promotes survival of developing brain neurons. Suppression of telomerase activity and TERT expression promotes apoptosis of neurons, whereas overexpression of TERT prevents apoptosis by suppressing cell death at a premitochondrial step in the death cascade TERT may suppress DNA damage and/or apoptotic signals activated by damaged DNA. Recent studies of the transcriptional regulation of the TERT gene suggest that this enzyme may mediate the cell survival-promoting actions of diverse signals including estrogen, cytokines and neurotrophic factors. The elucidation of the functions of telomerase activity and TERT in neuronal differentiation and survival may lead to novel approaches for preventing neuronal death and promoting recovery of function in various neurodegenerative conditions.
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Lu C, Fu W, Mattson MP. Caspase-mediated suppression of glutamate (AMPA) receptor channel activity in hippocampal neurons in response to DNA damage promotes apoptosis and prevents necrosis: implications for neurological side effects of cancer therapy and neurodegenerative disorders. Neurobiol Dis 2001; 8:194-206. [PMID: 11300717 DOI: 10.1006/nbdi.2000.0377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA damage in neurons is implicated in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders and may also contribute to the often severe neurological complications in cancer patients treated with chemotherapeutic agents. DNA damage can trigger apoptosis, a form of controlled cell death that involves activation of cysteine proteases called caspases. The excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate plays central roles in the activation of neurons and in processes such as learning and memory, but overactivation of ionotropic glutamate receptors can induce either apoptosis or necrosis. Glutamate receptors of the AMPA (alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionate) type mediate such physiological and pathological processes in most neurons. We now report that DNA damage can alter glutamate receptor channel activity by a mechanism involving activation of caspases. Whole-cell patch clamp analyses revealed a marked decrease in AMPA-induced currents after exposure of neurons to camptothecin, a topoisomerase inhibitor that induces DNA damage; N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA)-induced currents were unaffected by camptothecin. The decrease in AMPA-induced current was accompanied by a decreased calcium response to AMPA. Pharmacological inhibition of caspases abolished the effects of camptothecin on AMPA-induced current and calcium responses, and promoted excitotoxic necrosis. Combined treatment with glutamate receptor antagonists and a caspase inhibitor prevented camptothecin-induced neuronal death. Caspase-mediated suppression of AMPA currents may allow neurons with damaged DNA to withdraw their participation in excitatory circuits and undergo apoptosis, thereby avoiding widespread necrosis. These findings have important implications for treatment of patients with cancer and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Shi P, He D, Kang W, Fu W, Hu G. Chaoslike behavior in nonchaotic systems at finite computation precision. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2001; 63:046310. [PMID: 11308948 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.63.046310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The dynamical behavior of a two-dimensional map is investigated numerically. A chaoslike behavior, i.e., a nonsmooth distribution of the attractor and seemly sensitive dependence of the motion on initial condition is found as the system state is nonchaotic (both Lyapunov exponents are nonpositive). The key point for this strange behavior is that the mode corresponding to the second negative Lyapunov exponent contains positive local Lyapunov exponent segments. It is argued that this kind of behavior may be typical and easily observed in practical numerical computations and experiments where small noise is inevitable.
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Hong Z, Chen F, Fu W, Xu X. [Effect of estrogen on hemodynamics and vascular remodeling with Takayasu arteritis]. SHENG WU YI XUE GONG CHENG XUE ZA ZHI = JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING = SHENGWU YIXUE GONGCHENGXUE ZAZHI 2001; 18:22-5. [PMID: 11332107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
This study utilized Takayasu arteritis (TA) model to do the experiment in order to observe the remodeling of arterial geometry. Plasma estrogen, progesterone and products of nitrous oxide (NO2- and NO3-) were examined. Qualitative analyses of maximum (MAX), minimum (MIN) and mean (MEAN) velocity of blood flow, resistant index (PI), pulsatile index (PI), and shear stress (SS) of abdominal aorta were performed. The results showed that plasma estrogen, progesterone and products of nitrous oxide were respectively 1137.80 +/- 189.30 pg.ml-1, 14.10 +/- 1.61 micrograms.ml-1 and 195.78 +/- 53.01 mumol.L-1 in experiment group, whereas in control group, they were 34.74 +/- 10.20 pg.ml-1, 2.60 +/- 1.83 micrograms.ml-1 and 12.16 +/- 3.28 mumol.L-1 respectively, P < 0.01. In comparison of hemodynamic parameters of abdominal aorta, the MAX and MIN of experiment group were profoundly higher than those of control group. SS increased markedly in experiment group. The observation of arterial remodeling in vitro found wall thickening. The thickness of abdominal aortic wall and inside diameter of vessel cavity ratio (h/Di) was 0.6145 +/- 0.1654 in experiment group and 0.2151 +/- 0.0266 in control group, P < 0.01. The arterial collagen content in experimental group was significantly higher than that in control group. Hyperestrinemia gives rise to a series of hemodynamic alterations, influences vessel remodeling along with TA, and finally results in arterial stenosis, occlusion or aneurysms due to the constitutional composition of vascular wall reforming.
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Zhang J, Peng Y, Fu W. [Arousals from sleep in patients with obstructive disordered breathing: a comparison study for mechanisms]. ZHONGHUA JIE HE HE HU XI ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA JIEHE HE HUXI ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND RESPIRATORY DISEASES 2001; 24:155-7. [PMID: 11802957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the stimuli triggering respiratory arousal. METHODS Twenty-five patients with excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) were monitored by nocturnal polysomonography (PSG) and respiratory inductive plethysmography. Patients with obstructive apnea/hypopnea index (AHI) >/= 5/h were diagnosed as obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Patients with Epworth Sleepiness Score >/= 12, frequent inspiratory flow limitation related arousal during sleep and AHI < 5/h were diagnosed as upper airway resistance syndrome (UARS). Seven normal subjects were recruited as controls. RESULTS Patients with OSAS: AHI (32.8 +/- 19.1)/h, percentage of time spend when oxygen saturation lower than 90% (SLT90%) (11.3 +/- 16.5)%, arousal index (ArI) (35 +/- 17)/h, n = 15. Patients with UARS: AHI (2.5 +/- 1.4)/h, SLT90% (0.1 +/- 0.1)%, ArI (30 +/- 16)/h, n = 10. Normal subjects: AHI (5.9 +/- 4.4)/h, SLT90% (0.2 +/- 0.4)%, ArI (13 +/- 5)/h, n = 7. Though the levels of AHI and SLT90% in patients with UARS were similar to those in normal subjects (H = 2.92, P = 0.87 or H = 0.086, P = 0.77), much lower than those in OSAS patients (H = 12.3, P = 0.000 5 and H = 6.64, P = 0.01), ArI in UARS was just as high as that in OSAS (H = 0.49, P = 0.48). CONCLUSION Arousals from sleep in patients with obstructive sleep disordered breathing might be mainly caused by inspiratory flow limitation rather than by episodic apnea or desaturation.
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El Gedaily A, Bubendorf L, Willi N, Fu W, Richter J, Moch H, Mihatsch MJ, Sauter G, Gasser TC. Discovery of new DNA amplification loci in prostate cancer by comparative genomic hybridization. Prostate 2001; 46:184-90. [PMID: 11170146 DOI: 10.1002/1097-0045(20010215)46:3<184::aid-pros1022>3.0.co;2-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNA sequence amplifications are involved in the progression of many tumor types, and have also been found in advanced prostate cancer. The aim of this study was to detect new loci of DNA amplifications in prostate cancer. METHODS Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) was used for whole genome screening of DNA sequence copy number alterations in 27 advanced prostate cancers. RESULTS The most prevalent changes were losses of 8p, 13q (52%, each), 6q (48%), 18q (37%), 5q (30%), 2q, 4q and 16q (26%, each), and gains of 8q (48%), Xq (40%), and Xp (26%). In addition, 16 high-level amplifications were found. These included Xq12 (five), 8q24 (two), and 11q13 (one) with known putative target genes (androgen receptor, MYC and Cyclin D1), and 1q21-25 (three), 10q22 (two), 17q23-24 (two), and 8q21 (one) where the target genes remain unknown. CONCLUSIONS High-level amplifications at different chromosomal sites occur in advanced prostate cancer. The detection of amplified chromosomal regions may serve as a starting point to discover novel oncogenes involved in prostate cancer progression.
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Schraml P, Struckmann K, Bednar R, Fu W, Gasser T, Wilber K, Kononen J, Sauter G, Mihatsch MJ, Moch H. CDKNA2A mutation analysis, protein expression, and deletion mapping of chromosome 9p in conventional clear-cell renal carcinomas: evidence for a second tumor suppressor gene proximal to CDKN2A. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2001; 158:593-601. [PMID: 11159196 PMCID: PMC1850295 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9440(10)64001-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Inactivation of tumor suppressor genes on chromosome 9p is considered a critical event in renal cell carcinoma pathogenesis. Alterations of CDKN2A on 9p21 have been reported in renal cancer cell lines, but their relevance for primary renal carcinomas is unclear. Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) was analyzed by using four polymorphic microsatellites at D9S970 (9p12-9p13), D9S171 (9p13), D9S1748 (9p21), and D9S156 (9p21) in 113 primary conventional clear-cell renal cell carcinomas (CRCCs). Allelic deletion was detected in 21 of 88 informative CRCCs (24%) with the highest rate of LOH being observed at D9S171 on 9p13 (20%). Chromosome 9p LOH was associated with short tumor-specific survival in stage pT3 RCC (P = 0.01). Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis of 54 CRCCs revealed no homozygous CDKN2A deletions indicating that this mechanism of CDKN2A inactivation is rare in CRCC. Sequencing of 113 CRCCs showed that 13 tumors (12%) had a 24-bp deletion abrogating codons 4 through 11 of CDKN2A. Immunohistochemical CDKN2A expression was absent in normal renal tissue and was only detected in six of 382 CRCCs (1.5%) on a renal tumor microarray. These data suggest that CDKN2A alterations are present in a small subset of CRCCs and a second, yet unknown tumor suppressor gene proximal to the CDKN2A locus, may play a role in CRCC development.
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Chen F, Yang Y, Shi Z, Fu W, Jiang J. [Resection of pelvic retroperitoneal neoplasm and reconstruction of iliac blood vessels: report of 22 cases]. ZHONGHUA WAI KE ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF SURGERY] 2000; 38:858-60. [PMID: 11832183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the surgical manipulation of iliac blood vessels invaded by pelvic tumors in order to raise the resection rate. METHODS We reviewed 22 cases of resection for pelvic retroperitoneal tumors along with the reconstruction of iliac blood vessels in our hospital from July 1994 to January 2000. In 22 cases, 8 received operation on the right iliac arteries and veins, and 14 on the left. RESULTS Follow-up for 4 months to 5 years and 10 months (average 3.6 years) showed that 3 patients had recurrence and needed secondary operation. All the grafts were patent except one vein graft occlusion 7 months after operation. CONCLUSION Resection of pelvic retroperitoneal neoplasm combined with reconstruction of iliac blood vessels is safe, effective and practical to raise the excision rate and decrease the recurrence rate.
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Fu W, Bubendorf L, Willi N, Moch H, Mihatsch MJ, Sauter G, Gasser TC. Genetic changes in clinically organ-confined prostate cancer by comparative genomic hybridization. Urology 2000; 56:880-5. [PMID: 11068328 DOI: 10.1016/s0090-4295(00)00722-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The genetic basis underlying prostate cancer development and progression is poorly understood. The primary aim of this study was to identify chromosomal regions important for progression in clinically localized prostate cancer removed by radical prostatectomy. METHODS Comparative genomic hybridization was used for whole genome screening of DNA sequence copy number alterations in 28 pathologically organ-confined tumors (pT2) and 28 tumors with infiltration of the seminal vesicles (pT3b). RESULTS Comparative genomic hybridization analysis showed on average 2.0 +/- 2.4 chromosomal alterations per tumor with more frequent losses (mean 1.3 +/- 1.8) than gains (mean 0.7 +/- 1.0). The percentage of tumors without alterations was higher in Stage pT2 (21%) than in Stage pT3b (50%). Losses of 8p (21%), 13q (21%), 5q (14%), 16q (14%), and 18q (13%) and gains of Xq (21%) and 8q (9%) were the most prevalent changes. Distinct regional alterations included minimal overlapping regions of loss at 5q13-q21, 6q14-q21, and 18q21-qter. There was only a small increase in the number of alterations from Stage pT2 to Stage pT3b (mean 1.6 +/- 2.3 versus 2.5 +/- 2.4). However, two individual alterations-gain of 8q and loss of 18q-were significantly more frequent in Stage pT3b than in Stage pT2 prostate cancer (P = 0.02 and P = 0.04, respectively), suggesting that genes in these regions may be important for prostate cancer progression. CONCLUSIONS The detection of chromosome 8q gains and 18q losses and the identification of the corresponding target genes could become a molecular tool for better characterization of clinically localized prostate cancer.
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MESH Headings
- Chromosome Aberrations/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8/genetics
- DNA Probes
- DNA, Neoplasm/analysis
- Disease Progression
- Humans
- Male
- Neoplasm Staging
- Prostatectomy
- Prostatic Neoplasms/genetics
- Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology
- Prostatic Neoplasms/surgery
- X Chromosome/genetics
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147
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Ge PH, Fu W, Herrmann WA, Herdtweck E, Campana C, Adams RD, Bunz UH. Structural Characterization of a Cyclohexameric meta-Phenyleneethynylene Made by Alkyne Metathesis with In Situ Catalysts U.H.F.B. and P.-H.G. thank the National Science Foundation (CHE 9814118), the Research Corporation, and the EPSCoR Office of the State of South Carolina for generous support. R.D.A. thanks the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation for an award which supported this work. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2000; 39:3607-3610. [PMID: 11091413 DOI: 10.1002/1521-3773(20001016)39:20<3607::aid-anie3607>3.0.co;2-s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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148
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Flores GV, Duan H, Yan H, Nagaraj R, Fu W, Zou Y, Noll M, Banerjee U. Combinatorial signaling in the specification of unique cell fates. Cell 2000; 103:75-85. [PMID: 11051549 DOI: 10.1016/s0092-8674(00)00106-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
How multifunctional signals combine to specify unique cell fates during pattern formation is not well understood. Here, we demonstrate that together with the transcription factor Lozenge, the nuclear effectors of the EGFR and Notch signaling pathways directly regulate D-Pax2 transcription in cone cells of the Drosophila eye disc. Moreover, the specificity of D-Pax2 expression can be altered upon genetic manipulation of these inputs. Thus, a relatively small number of temporally and spatially controlled signals received by a set of pluripotent cells can create the unique combinations of activated transcription factors required to regulate target genes and ultimately specify distinct cell fates within this group. We expect that similar mechanisms may specify pattern formation in vertebrate developmental systems that involve intercellular communication.
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149
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Feng B, Xu K, Jiang H, Fu W, Li H, Guo M, Liu X, Wang Z. [A report of two Chinese familial Budd-Chiari syndrome]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2000; 21:482-4. [PMID: 11877025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the etiology of two Chinese familial Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS). METHOD Four patients with familial BCS (from A and B families), and the other 41 family members were detected by angiography, ultrasound Dopler, etiology analysis and Factor V Leiden (FvL) mutation analysis. RESULT Four BCS patients were proved by angiography, 2 by ultra sound Dopler in family A. Ten members in family A were varicosis in low extremeties. FvL mutation was detected in 4 of 6 patients and 2 normal family members. A II(2), A III(7, 11, 15,) B II(10) and B III(5) had FvL mutation. The FvL mutations were compatible with Mendel hereditary law. CONCLUSION FvL mutation may be one of main risk factors and varicosis in low extremeties may be another risk factors for familial BCS.
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150
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Li F, Kang N, Fu W, Sun X, Gao H, Sun K. [Detection of epidermal growth factor receptor gene amplification in human laryngeal carcinomas by means of fluorescence in situ hybridization]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE YI CHUAN XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA YIXUE YICHUANXUE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS 2000; 17:278-80. [PMID: 10932015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To detect epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) gene amplification in human laryngeal carcinoma Hep-2 cell line and laryngeal carcinoma tissues. METHODS The technique of fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH). RESULTS The EGFR gene amplification of a laryngeal carcinoma Hep-2 cell line and 5 laryngeal carcinoma tissues were detected by FISH. In the metaphase chromosome and interphase nuclei of Hep-2 cell line and 2 laryngeal carcinoma tissues, distinct cluster and multiple dot signals were found. In the interphase nuclei of the other 3 laryngeal carcinoma tissues, no increase in the number or extent of the hybrid signals was found. CONCLUSION Compared with normal diploid cell, the EGFR gene amplification was observed at different levels ranging from 2 to 8 folds in metaphase chromosome and interphase nuclei of Hep-2 cell line and 2 laryngeal carcinoma tissues while no amplification was observed in the other 3 laryngeal carcinoma tissues. The results demonstrate that quantitative detection of amplified gene by FISH in the metaphase chromosome and interphase nuclei is useful for detection of laryngeal carcinoma tissues.
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