1601
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Franklin PH, Zhang G, Tripp ED, Murray TF. Adenosine A1 receptor activation mediates suppression of (-) bicuculline methiodide-induced seizures in rat prepiriform cortex. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1989; 251:1229-36. [PMID: 2600813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The protective effects of a series of stable adenosine analogs against generalized seizures initiated by focal injection of bicuculline methiodide into the rat prepiriform cortex (PPC) were studied by microinjection of these compounds into this brain area. The adenosine agonists, 5'-N-(ethyl)carboxamido-adenosine (NECA), cyclohexyladenosine, cyclopentyadenosine, 2-chloroadenosine and R- and S-phenylisopropyladenosine (R- and S-PIA), protected animals against seizures in a dose-dependent, and extremely potent manner. NECA, the most potent compound evaluated, completely prevented seizures at doses greater than or equal to 6.8 pmol. In contrast, heroic doses of the A2 selective ligand, 2-phenylaminoadenosine, afforded no protection against seizures. The rank order of potency of these compounds in suppressing seizures is as follows: NECA greater than cyclohexyladenosine greater than cyclopentyladenosine greater than or equal to R-PIA greater than 2-chloroadenosine greater than S-PIA much greater than 2-phenylaminoadenosine. These data suggest that the antiseizure activity of these compounds in the PPC results from activation of A1 adenosine receptors. Quantitative autoradiographic analysis of the distribution of tritiated adenosine agonists 30 min after microinjection in the PPC reveals that [3H]NECA diffuses to a significantly greater extent than R-[3H]PIA, which may contribute to the relatively greater potency of the former compound in suppressing bicuculline methiodide-induced seizures. These results suggest that adenosine A1 receptors may participate in the normal inhibitory regulation of the PPC, a forebrain area which may play a significant role in the pathobiology of epilepsy.
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1602
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Zhang G, Taylor GJ. Kinetics of Aluminum Uptake by Excised Roots of Aluminum-Tolerant and Aluminum-Sensitive Cultivars of Triticum aestivum L. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 1989; 91:1094-9. [PMID: 16667117 PMCID: PMC1062124 DOI: 10.1104/pp.91.3.1094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Uptake of aluminum (Al) by excised roots of two Al-tolerant cultivars and two Al-sensitive cultivars of Triticum aestivum L. (wheat) was biphasic, with a rapid phase of uptake in the first 30 minutes followed by a linear phase of uptake up to 180 minutes. At the end of the uptake period, higher concentrations of Al were found in roots of the Al-sensitive cultivars (Neepawa and Scout-66) than in the Al-tolerant cultivars (Atlas-66 and PT-741), but differences were small. Experiments testing the effectiveness of several desorption agents demonstrated that citric acid was most effective in desorption of loosely bound Al (the putative apoplasmic compartment) followed by others in the order tartaric acid > EDTA > CaSO(4) = ScCl(3). In all cultivars, 30 minutes of desorption with citric acid depleted the rapidly exchanging, putative apoplasmic compartment, although some tightly bound Al remained in that compartment. The relationship between Al remaining after desorption and time in the uptake medium was nearly linear and no distinction was observed between Al-tolerant and Al-sensitive cultivars. However, uptake of Al by the Al-tolerant cultivars was increased by treatment with the protonophore 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), while uptake of Al by Al-sensitive cultivars was relatively unaffected. Such results suggest the possible involvement of an active exclusion mechanism in Al-tolerant cultivars of T. aestivum.
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1603
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Oshima T, Sagara K, Tong YY, Zhang G, Chen YH. Application of ion-pair high performance liquid chromatography for analysis of hyoscyamine and scopolamine in solanaceous crude drugs. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 1989; 37:2456-8. [PMID: 2605691 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.37.2456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A new ion-pair high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the analysis of hyoscyamine and scopolamine in various kinds of crude drugs derived from solanaceous plants was evaluated using sodium dodecyl sulfate as a counter ion. A reversed-phase chromatographic system consisting of a chemically bonded ODS silica gel column with phosphate buffer (pH 2.5)-acetonitrile (65:35) containing 17.5 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate as the mobile phase was used. Hyoscyamine and scopolamine in crude drugs derived from Scopolia, Atropa, Hyoscyamus and Datura species were separated from other compounds in the crude drugs and determined within 20 min after direct injection of the solution extracted with the mobile phase. The results for various kinds of samples are presented.
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1604
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Bortolani V, Franchini A, Santoro G, Toennies JP, Wöll C, Zhang G. Surface phonons on the Pt(111) surface: A comparison of He-scattering experiments with lattice-dynamical calculations. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1989; 40:3524-3545. [PMID: 9992321 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.40.3524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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1605
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Abstract
A total of 62 patients with retroperitoneal or genitourinary sarcoma was treated at our institutions during the last 46 years. Of the patients 51 were followed for at least 5 years or until they died (median followup 11 years); 5 patients were lost to followup. The most common site was the retroperitoneum. Liposarcoma, leiomyosarcoma and malignant fibrous histiocytoma were the most common tumors (74 per cent). Tumors were completely resected in 42 patients (68 per cent) and incompletely resected in 11, while a biopsy only was performed in 9. Some patients also received adjuvant radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy. There were no long-term survivors among patients with unresectable tumors. Over-all 3 and 5-year survival rates were 68 and 39 per cent, respectively. The histological type of the tumor appeared to have prognostic significance. The highest 5-year survivals were for liposarcoma (70 per cent), malignant fibrous histiocytoma (33 per cent) and leiomyosarcoma (13 per cent). The mean survival for patients after adjuvant radiation therapy or chemotherapy was similar to that after a radical operation alone. The primary cause of treatment failure was local recurrence (45 per cent of the patients), which was detected within 3 years of complete resection in most cases (82 per cent). Complete extirpation that provided adequate margins free of tumor was the most effective initial treatment and provided the best chance for cure.
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1606
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Schelin HR, Galonsky A, Gelbke CK, Heilbronn L, Lynch WG, Murakami T, Tsang MB, Yang X, Zhang G, Remington BA, Deàk F, Kiss A, Seres Z, Kasagi J. Neutron inclusive measurements in 14N+Ag reactions at 35 MeV/nucleon. PHYSICAL REVIEW. C, NUCLEAR PHYSICS 1989; 39:1827-1834. [PMID: 9955404 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.39.1827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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1607
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Li Y, Wang L, Neos P, Zhang G, Liang XC, Alfano RR. Ultrafast noncollinear second-harmonic-generation-based 4 x 4 optical switching array. OPTICS LETTERS 1989; 14:347-349. [PMID: 19749916 DOI: 10.1364/ol.14.000347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A noncollinear second-harmonic-generation-based 4 x 4 switchable computational array is experimentally demonstrated. Picosecond binary scalar and vector-matrix multiplication results are presented.
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1608
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Kim CH, Yencha AJ, Bunker G, Zhang G, Chance B, King TE. Effect of the hinge protein on the heme iron site of cytochrome c1. Biochemistry 1989; 28:1439-41. [PMID: 2541755 DOI: 10.1021/bi00430a002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
X-ray absorption spectroscopic (XAS) studies on cytochrome C1 from beef heart mitochondria were conducted to identify the effect of the hinge protein [Kim, C.H., & King, T.E. (1983) J. Biol. Chem. 258, 13543-13551] on the structure of the heme site in cytochrome c1. A comparison of XAS data of highly purified "one-band" and "two-band" cytochrome c1 [Kim, C.H., & King, T.E. (1987) Biochemistry 26, 1955-1961] demonstrates that the hinge protein exerts a rather pronounced effect on the heme environment of the cytochrome c1: a conformational change occurs within a radius of approximately 5 A from the heme iron in cytochrome c1 when the hinge protein is bound to cytochrome c1. This result may be correlated with the previous observations that the structure and reactivity of cytochrome c1 are affected by the hinge protein [Kim, C.H., & King, T.E. (1987) Biochemistry 26, 1955-1961; Kim, C.H., Balny, C., & King, T.E. (1987) J. Biol. Chem. 262, 8103-8108].
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1609
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Zhang G, Chu FS. Production and characterization of antibodies cross-reactive with major aflatoxins. EXPERIENTIA 1989; 45:182-4. [PMID: 2493390 DOI: 10.1007/bf01954869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Antibodies cross-reactive with 4 major aflatoxins were demonstrated three weeks after immunization of rabbits with an immunogen which was prepared by conjugating aflatoxin B3 to bovine serum albumin. Aflatoxin B3 was first converted to its hemisuccinate before conjugation to the protein. Tritiated aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) was used as the marker ligand both for antibody titer determination as well as for analysis of antibody specificity. Competitive RIA revealed that the antibodies have good cross-reactivity with aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, and G2 when tritiated AFB1 was used as the marker ligand. The concentrations causing 50% inhibition of binding of 3H-AFB1 to the antibodies by unlabeled aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, G2 and B3 were found to be 0.25, 3.34, 0.32, 4.0 and 0.53 ng/assay, respectively. The antibodies could be used for simultaneous analysis of aflatoxins B1 and G1, two of the most important toxic metabolites produced by Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus.
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1610
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Siriwardane U, Chu SSC, Hosmane NS, Zhang G, Zhu W, Zhu H. A tautomeric form of tetraethylammonium 1-acrylamidononahydro-closo-decaborate(1–). Acta Crystallogr C 1989. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108270188011436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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1611
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Siriwardane U, Chu SSC, Hosmane NS, Zhu H, Zhang G. Bis[ethyl(ferrocenylmethyl)dimethylammonium] octadecahydroicosaborate(2–). Acta Crystallogr C 1989. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108270188010716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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1612
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Niedermayer C, Golnik A, Recknagel E, Rossmanith M, Weidinger A, Chang XS, Kleinhammes A, Rosov N, Saylor J, Schuhmann R, Takacs L, Teh A, Zhang G, Hohenemser C, Budnick JI. Hyperfine interaction studies of antiferromagnetic order in CuO. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1988; 38:2836-2839. [PMID: 9946601 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.38.2836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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1613
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Franklin PH, Tripp ED, Zhang G, Gale K, Murray TF. Adenosine receptor activation blocks seizures induced by bicuculline methiodide in the rat prepiriform cortex. Eur J Pharmacol 1988; 150:207-9. [PMID: 3402541 DOI: 10.1016/0014-2999(88)90773-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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1614
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Freed BM, Stevens C, Zhang G, Rosano TG, Lempert N. A comparison of the effects of cyclosporine and steroids on human T lymphocyte responses. Transplant Proc 1988; 20:233-9. [PMID: 3284070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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1615
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Zhang G, Sasaki K. Measuring anisotropic refractive indices and film thicknesses of thin organic crystals using the prism coupling method. APPLIED OPTICS 1988; 27:1358-1362. [PMID: 20531570 DOI: 10.1364/ao.27.001358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Anisotropic refractive indices of the organic biaxial thin-film crystal, 2-methyl-4-nitroaniline (MNA), were determined by the prism coupling method. The experiment was carried out on an anisotropic waveguide of the MNA monocrystal film by an incorporated analysis of the TE and TM waves.
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1616
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Zhang K, Bunker GB, Zhang G, Zhao ZX, Chen LQ, Huang YZ. Extended x-ray-absorption fine-structure experiment on the high-Tc superconductor YBa2Cu. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1988; 37:3375-3380. [PMID: 9944928 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.37.3375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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1617
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Zhang G, Burlaga LF. Magnetic clouds, geomagnetic disturbances, and cosmic ray decreases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1988. [DOI: 10.1029/ja093ia04p02511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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1618
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Sagara K, Oshima T, Yoshida T, Tong YY, Zhang G, Chen YH. Determination of Cinnamomi Cortex by high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 1987; 409:365-70. [PMID: 3693489 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)86814-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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1619
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Mahanti SD, Zhang G, Kemeny G. Dynamics of strongly coupled model rotational-translational systems. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1987; 35:8551-8561. [PMID: 9941207 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.35.8551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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1620
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Abstract
Over a three-year period, radionuclide cystography (RC) was performed on 145 patients. Of these, 31 nephroureteral units in 25 patients demonstrated vesicoureteral reflux by RC and also by radiographic cystography (XC). The RC and XC studies were performed within three months of one another. The grading of reflux was determined by RC and then compared with that of XC using the criteria for grading as established by the International Reflux Study Committee (IRSC). Of 18 nephroureteral units in 14 patients with grade II reflux by XC, 14 were similarly graded by RC (78%). Of five nephroureteral units in five patients with grade III reflux by XC, the correlation by RC was 100%. However, when grades II and III were combined into a single category of low-grade reflux, the correlation achieved between the two cystographic techniques was 100%. Of five nephroureteral units in four patients with grade IV reflux by XC, the correlation was 60%, and in three units in two patients with grade V reflux the correlation was 100%. When grades IV and V are combined into a category of high-grade reflux, a correlation of 100% is achieved. When the reflux is graded into the five IRSC categories, the overall unequivocal correlation between the two studies is 80%. However, when only two categories are used (low grade = grades II and III, and high grade = grades IV and V), a correlation of 100% is obtained.
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1621
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Zhang G, Li QX, Ho PP, Liu S, Wu ZK, Alfano RR. Dependence of specklon size on the laser beam size via photo-induced light scattering in LiNbO3:Fe. APPLIED OPTICS 1986; 25:2955. [PMID: 18235558 DOI: 10.1364/ao.25.002955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
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1622
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Abstract
We present our experience with reconstruction of the diverted urinary tract in 50 patients divided into 3 groups according to the presence of neurogenic bladder dysfunction, severe renal failure or normally innervated bladders and sphincters with normal renal function. The over-all success rate of anatomical and functional reconstruction was 88 per cent and we expect it ultimately to increase to 94 per cent. However, because of a 2 per cent mortality rate and a 16 per cent major complication rate, we recommend that all other therapeutic options be considered carefully before undertaking urinary undiversion when the reconstruction involves use of intestinal segments.
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1623
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Harten U, Toennies JP, Wöll C, Zhang G. Observation of a Kohn anomaly in the surface-phonon dispersion curves of Pt(111). PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1985; 55:2308-2311. [PMID: 10032107 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.55.2308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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1624
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Abstract
Sixty-one patients with clinical low-stage (Jackson Stage I) and 22 patients with clinical high-stage (Jackson Stage II or III or T3-4N0-1M0) carcinoma of the penis who were seen between 1952 and 1979 and followed for at least 3 years or until death were reviewed. The majority of patients with Stage I cancer were treated with partial penectomy, either with or without ilioinguinal lymphadenectomy. The remainder of patients with these early small lesions were treated with local excision or circumcision. Forty-one of the patients with this early penile cancer (Jackson Stage I or Tcis, T1N0M0 or T2N0M0) survived at least 3 years and were considered cured. The other 20 patients died of cancer (12 cases) or unrelated disease (8 cases). If the patients who died of other diseases are excluded, the corrected 5-year survival rate was 77%. Treatment failure was primarily due to metachronous inguinal metastases after initial treatment of the primary tumor and failure of response of metastatic disease to salvage treatment. Four factors probably were associated with a poor prognosis: large primary tumor, moderately to poorly differentiated cancer, younger age at onset, and inadequate initial treatment. In advanced (Jackson Stages II and III) disease, treatment by partial or total penectomy alone or in combination with radiation to inguinal nodes after penectomy produced 3-year or longer survival in only 2 of 9 patients, whereas treatment by early extended excision of both the primary lesion and the ilioinguinal lymph nodes produced 3-year or longer survival in 11 of 13 patients. The results suggest that local excision is appropriate only for carcinoma in situ. Partial penectomy and monthly follow-up for at least 1 year is appropriate for patients with small, well-differentiated primary tumors. Patients who have large or moderately to poorly differentiated primary tumors probably should undergo partial or total penectomy and immediate ilioinguinal lymphadenectomy.
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1625
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Maruyama S, Zhang G, Tamura Y, Yamakuni T, Takahashi Y. Involvement of spot 35 protein, a cerebellar protein, in modulation of Purkinje cell activity of the rat cerebellum. Eur J Pharmacol 1985; 108:309-13. [PMID: 2985403 DOI: 10.1016/0014-2999(85)90455-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Spot 35 protein, applied iontophoretically, produced inhibition of spontaneous Purkinje cell activity in most cells and augmented the NE- or 5-HT-induced inhibition of spontaneous discharges whereas it hardly affected the inhibitory response of Purkinje cells to GABA, taurine, and beta-alanine, and the excitatory response to glutamate. It is suggested that spot 35 protein may be involved in normal physiological operation of the cerebellum through modulation of the NE or 5-HT system.
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