Computed tomography abnormalities in hanging

The CT pattern of bilateral and symmetrical round low density areas in the globi pallidi has been observed in a young man who attempted suicide by hanging. These CT abnormalities are similar to those described in other conditions such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, cyanide and methanol poisoning, hypoglycaemia, drowning and acute global central nervous system hypoperfusion. The findings appear to be correlated with acute cerebral hypoxia.

The role of spinal cord MRI in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis

In this study we evaluated the effectiveness of high field thin slice surface coil MRI in demonstrating MS plaques in the cervical and upper thoracic spinal cord. MRI seems to be in our experience a sensitive indicator of spinal cord involvement in patients suffering from MS.

Subacute necrotizing encephalomyelopathy (Leigh's disease): clinical correlations with computerized tomography in the diagnosis of the juvenile and adult forms

A computerized tomography (CT) scan was performed on 6 surviving patients with a suspected diagnosis of subacute necrotizing encephalomyelopathy of the juvenile and adult forms. Bilateral low density areas were observed in the putamina in all cases. This CT pattern conformed with the characteristic pathological changes of the disease. Once the possibility of Wilson's disease or an earlier episode of acute cerebral hypoxia, syndromes which both display a similar appearance in CT, is excluded, a diagnosis of subacute necrotizing encephalomyelopathy may be considered in cases showing bilateral low density areas in the basal ganglia, especially in the putamina, and with a consistent clinical history.

[Use of computerized tomographic iodoventriculography in the diagnosis of intraventricular cysticercosis]

It has been reported a case of intraventricular cysticrecosis of the fourth ventricle. The Authors discuss the utility of CT iodoventriculography with reference to the diagnosis of such disease.

[Late neuropsychiatric sequelae of carbon monoxide poisoning. Apropos of 3 clinical cases]

The authors examined the neuropsychiatric sequelae developed in three patients who had had an acute carbon monoxide poisoning. Computed tomographic (CT) scans were performed as well as psychometric tests. The clinical features and CT scan findings showed to be related to the severity of the initial anoxic insult.

Computerized tomography in CO poisoning

In a case of CO poisoning CT scanning revealed bilateral low density areas in the globi pallidi, associated with diffuse hypodensity of the white matter of the cerebral hemispheres. Serial scanning threw some light on the possible mechanism involved and appears to support the hypothesis of necrotic damage of vascular origin following brain edema. An attempt is made to correlate the pattern of CT abnormalities with clinical evolution.

[Computerized tomography in the evaluation of neurologic complications of preventive therapy of acute lymphatic leukemia]

The authors examined by means of computed tomography 12 patients with ALL treated with radiotherapy combined with cytostatic chemotherapy and presenting clinical signs of CNS damage. The CT scan findings are correlated with clinical signs, mainly distinguishing between symptoms of either diffuse or focal damage. An attempt is made in order to evaluate the possible role of Methotrexate and X-Ray therapy in the pathogenesis of the CNS lesions.

Prognostic evaluation of brainstem hematomas: the role of CT scan and brainstem auditory evoked potentials

6 cases of brainstem hematoma were studied utilizing CT scan and brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) recordings. CT scan did not contribute to an early discrimination between primary and secondary hematomas. Size of the hematoma and the presence of blood in the CSF did not represent evident signs in differentiating benign from unfavourable brainstem hematomas or hemorrhages. BAEP recordings showed the presence of electrophysiological anomalies at the level of the lesion, demonstrating that bleeding as well as tumor in the brainstem can provoke a focal damage.

The value of computerized tomography in the diagnosis of cerebellar atrophy

Computerized tomography was performed in 31 patients presenting clinical signs of cerebellar degeneration. CT abnormalities consistent with cerebellar atrophy were found in all cases but one. Specific patterns of abnormality were found in olivo-ponto-cerebellar degeneration and in alcoholic atrophy. The CT findings in spino-cerebellar degeneration were varied, ranging from severe diffuse cerebellar atrophy to normality, possibly according to age and duration of symptoms.

Medical therapy of true precocious puberty due to hamartoma of the tuber cinereum. A report of 2 cases

2 patients with true precocious puberty and hamartoma of the tuber cinereum are described. Diagnosis was established by the presence of accelerated puberty, elevated blood gonadotropins, without other evidence of central nervous system dysfunction and positive computed tomography scans. 2 patients were treated with cyproterone acetate and abstention from surgery was achieved with close observation of the tumor’s size by computed tomography.

[Primary adenocarcinoma of the 3d duodenal segment]

A case of primary duodenal adenocarcinoma is described. A discussion is made about the rarity of this tumor that, as it is frequency misdiagnosed in cases of malignant neoplasms of the papilla of Vater and of terminal part of the common biliary duct, may be greater than all previously thought. Tumors of the third part of duodenum are even more uncommon. Whipple resection seem the best cure of this tumors, as results from long term survival.

[A case of giant hydronephrosis in a child, secondary to congenital stenosis of the pyeloureteral junction]

An examination of some anatomopathological and clinical aspects of hydronephrosis and its causes in childhood is followed by the description of a personal case marked by discrepancy between the anatomical and pathological picture of giant hydronephrosis and the complete absence of symptoms, resulting in delay in its clinical detection. Stress is laid on the fact that, although surgical reconstruction of the pyeloureteral junction is possible, a very great number of nephrectomies still have to be performed owing to the tardy discovery of these lesions.