Fermentative production of lactic acid in presence of some trace elements

An attempt was made to study the activity of Lactobacillus delbrueckii under the influence of certain trace elements, viz. Tl, U, Th, and Zr. From the results, it was inferred that Tl has comparatively more stimulating effect on the acid-producing activity of the bacteria than U, Th, and Zr.

Influence of EDTA and its metal complexes on lactic acid fermentation

A comparative study of the influence of EDTA and its metal complexes with Fe, Co, and Ce on lactic acid fermentation by Lactobacillus delbrueckii was done. It was observed that EDTA alone and its complex with Ce could increase the yield of lactic acid up to 1--2%, while complexes of EDTA with Fe and Co enhanced the yield up to 4--5%.

Lactic acid production from molasses by mixed population of lactobacilli

The production of lactic acid from molasses by mixed populations of (1) Lactobacillus bulgaricus AU (isolated from curd) and L. casei (supplied by NCL, Poona-8, India) and (2) L. bulgaricus, L. delbrueckii (supplied by NCL, Poona-8, India), and L. casei was studied. It has been found that association of L. bulgaricus with L. casei slightly enhances the yield of lactic acid, while the mixed population of L. bulgaricus, L. delbrueckii, and L. casei is as effective as L. bulgaricus alone.

Partial inhibition of postreplication repair and enhanced frequency of chemical transformation in rat cells infected with leukemia virus

Postreplication repair of DNA and chemical transformation with the carcinogen 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide were studied in rat cell lines either uninfected or infected with Rauscher leukemia virus. The results indicate that equivalent amounts of carcinogen are bound to the DNA initially and removed during excision repair. However, the lines differ in that the infected line alone exhibits both sensitivity to nitroquinoline-oxide-induced transformation and a partial inhibition of the postreplication repair process after notroquinoline oxide or UV treatment.

An analysis of central adrenoceptors for control of cardiovascular function

1. In dogs anaesthetized with pentobarbitone sodium, bradycardia with hypotension occurred on intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of noradrenaline (50-200 mug) or phenylephrine (100-400 mug), but tachycardia with hypotension occurred on i.c.v. injection of isoprenaline (100-200 mug).2. These cardiovascular responses were central effects, and from the results obtained after bilateral vagotomy, removal of both stellate ganglia and transection of the upper cervical cord, it was evident that the efferent nervous pathway for all these effects was the sympathetic nervous system.3. An i.c.v. injection of the alpha-adrenoceptor blocking agent phenoxybenzamine (10 mg) blocked the bradycardia and hypotension produced by noradrenaline or phenylephrine, and an i.c.v. injection of a beta-adrenoceptor blocking agent, either propranolol (2 mg) or N-isopropyl-p-nitrophenyl-ethanolamine (INPEA) (10 mg), blocked the tachycardia and hypotension produced by isoprenaline.4. The cardiovascular effects produced by i.c.v. injection of the three sympathomimetic amines could be reproduced in cross-circulation experiments in the recipient dog when the amines were injected into its head circulation, and the effects of noradrenaline and phenylephrine, but not those of isoprenaline, were abolished by the alpha-adrenoceptor blocking agent yohimbine (1 mg/kg) injected intravenously into the donor dog.5. It is concluded that the central alpha-adrenoceptors are concerned with bradycardia and the central beta-adrenoceptors with tachycardia, but that both receptors are concerned with hypotension.