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Joshi A, Kaur S, Taneja SK, Mandal R. Review Article on Molecular Mechanism of Regulation of Hypertension by Macro-elements (Na, K, Ca and Mg), Micro-elements/Trace Metals (Zn and Cu) and Toxic Elements (Pb and As). Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:1477-1502. [PMID: 37523058 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03784-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension (HT) is a medical condition arising due to increase in blood pressure (BP) prevalent worldwide. The balanced dietary intakes of macro-elements and micro-elements including Na, K, Ca, Mg, Zn, and Cu have been described to maintain BP in humans by regulating the osmolarity of blood, cells/tissues, prevention of generation of oxidative and nitrosative stress (OANS), and endothelial damage through their functioning as important components of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), antioxidant enzyme defense system, and maintenance of blood vascular-endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) functions. However, inadequate/excess dietary intakes of Na/K, Ca/Mg, and Zn/Cu along with higher Pb and As exposures recognized to induce HT through common mechanisms including the followings: endothelial dysfunctions due to impairment of vasodilatation, increased vasoconstriction and arterial stiffness, blood clotting, inflammation, modification of sympathetic activity and higher catecholamine release, increased peripheral vascular resistance, and cardiac output; increased OANS due to reduced and elevated activities of extracellular superoxide dismutase and NAD(P)H oxidase, less nitric oxide bioavailability, decrease in cGMP and guanylate cyclase activity, increase in intracellular Ca2+ ions in VSMCs, and higher pro-inflammatory cytokines; higher parathyroid and calcitriol hormones; activation/suppression of RAAS resulting imbalance in blood Na+, K+, and water regulated by renin, angiotensin II, and aldosterone through affecting natriuresis/kaliuresis/diuresis; elevation in serum cholesterol and LDL cholesterol, decrease in HDL cholesterol due to defect in lipoprotein metabolism. The present study recommends the need to review simple dietary mineral intervention studies/supplementation trials before keeping their individual dietary excess intakes/exposures in consideration because their interactions lead to elevation and fall of their concentrations in body affecting onset of HT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Joshi
- PG Department of Biotechnology and Microbial Biotechnology, Sri Guru Gobind Singh College, Sector-26, Chandigarh, UT, India
| | - Sukhbir Kaur
- Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Sector-14, Chandigarh, UT, India
| | | | - Reshu Mandal
- PG Department of Zoology, Sri Guru Gobind Singh College, Sector-26, Chandigarh, UT, India.
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El-Sayed A, Ebissy E, Mohamed R, Ateya A. Effects of antioxidant vitamins (A, D, E) and trace elements (Cu, Mn, Se, Zn) administration on gene expression, metabolic, antioxidants and immunological profiles during transition period in dromedary camels. BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:101. [PMID: 38481237 PMCID: PMC10936106 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-03959-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nutrition has a primary role for optimum expression of genetic potential, and most of the farmers have limited resources of green fodder. Hence, a fat-soluble vitamin, especially vitamin A and E and trace elements remained most critical in the animal's ration and affects their productive and reproductive performance adversely. Animals cannot be able to produce these vitamins in their bodies; hence, an exogenous regular supply is needed to fulfil the physiological needs and to maintain high production performance. This study elucidated effects of antioxidant vitamins (A, D, E) and trace elements (Cu, Mn, Se, Zn) administration on gene expression, metabolic, antioxidants and immunological parameters in dromedary camels during transition period. RESULTS At 0 day, there were no appreciable differences in the expression patterns of the metabolic (IGF-I, ACACA, SCD, FASN, LPL, and BTN1A1) genes between the control and treatment groups, despite lower levels. A substantial variation in the mRNA levels of SOD1, SOD3, PRDX2, PRDX3, PRDX4, PRDX6, and AhpC/TSA was observed between the control and treatment groups, according to the antioxidant markers. In comparison to the control group, the treatment group displayed a significant up-regulation at 0 and 21 days. The treatment and control groups exhibited substantial differences in the mRNA values of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNFα, as indicated by immunological markers. In comparison to the control group, there was a noticeable down-regulation in the treatment group at 0 and + 21 days. But IL10 produced the opposite pattern. No significant difference was observed in glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, total protein, NEFA, BHBA, cortisol and IGF-1 levels between control and treatment group. The activity of serum GPx, SOD and TAC was significantly affected by time and treatment x time in supplemented groups as compared with control group. IL-1, IL-1, IL-6, and TNF were noticeably greater in the control group and lower in the treatment group. Additionally, in all groups, the concentration of all pro-inflammatory cytokines peaked on the day of delivery and its lowest levels showed on day 21 following calving. The IL-10 level was at its peak 21 days prior to calving and was lowest on calving day. CONCLUSION The results demonstrated a beneficial effect of antioxidant vitamins and trace elements on the metabolic, antioxidant and immunological markers in dromedary camels throughout their transition period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed El-Sayed
- Department of Animal Health and Poultry, Animal and Poultry Production Division, Desert Research Center (DRC), Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Eman Ebissy
- Department of Animal Health and Poultry, Animal and Poultry Production Division, Desert Research Center (DRC), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ragab Mohamed
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ateya
- Department of Development of Animal Wealth, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Liu Y, Li S, Huang Z, Dai H, Shi F, Lv Z. Dietary collagen peptide-chelated trace elements supplementation for breeder hens improves the intestinal health of chick offspring. J Sci Food Agric 2024; 104:174-183. [PMID: 37612258 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary supplementation with trace elements zinc (Zn), iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) could promote intestinal development and improve intestinal health. There are, however, few studies examining the possibility that maternal original Zn, Fe and Mn could regulate intestinal development and barrier function in the offspring. This study aimed to investigate how the intestinal growth and barrier function of breeder offspring were affected by collagen peptide-chelated trace elements (PTE; Zn, Fe, Mn). RESULTS PTE supplementation in the diet of breeder hens increased the concentrations of Zn, Fe and Mn in egg yolk. Maternal PTE supplementation improved morphological parameters of the intestine (villi height, crypt depth and villi height/crypt depth) and upregulated the mRNA expression level of leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 (Lgr5) in the ileum of chick embryos. Furthermore, maternal PTE effect improved villi height/crypt depth of offspring at 1 and 14 days of age, and upregulated Lgr5, Claudin-3 and E-cadherin mRNA expression in the broiler ileum. Additionally, PTE treatment could enhance the intestinal microbial diversity of offspring. Maternal PTE supplementation increased the relative abundance of Clostridiales at the genus level and decreased the relative abundance of Enterococcus in newborn offspring. Moreover, maternal PTE supplementation ameliorated the elevated nuclear factor kappa B, toll-like receptor 4 and interleukin 1β mRNA expression in the ileum of offspring caused by LPS challenge. CONCLUSION Maternal PTE supplementation could promote intestinal development and enhance the intestinal barrier function of chicken offspring. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfa Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Simeng Li
- Aksu Vocational and Technical College, Aksu, China
| | - Zhenwu Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongjian Dai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fangxiong Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zengpeng Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Evans MG, Campbell JC, Ribeiro GO, Henry DH, Waldner C, Penner GB. Effect of water sulfate and dietary bismuth subsalicylate on feed and water intake, ruminal hydrogen sulfide concentration, and trace-mineral status of growing beef heifers. J Anim Sci 2024; 102:skae031. [PMID: 38300904 PMCID: PMC10889742 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skae031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
In the Northern Great Plains, cattle may be exposed to water with an elevated sulfate concentration resulting in ruminal hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production and risk of copper deficiency. There are currently few strategies available to help mitigate effects arising from high-sulfate water (HS). The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of feeding a moderate-forage diet with or without bismuth subsalicylate (BSS; 0.0% vs. 0.4% DM basis) when provided water with a low- (LS; 346 ± 13) or HS (4,778 ± 263 mg/L) concentration on feed and water intake, ruminal H2S concentration, and liver and serum trace-mineral concentrations. Twenty-four Limousin × Simmental cross beef heifers (221 ± 41 kg) were stratified based on initial liver Cu into a completely randomized block design with a 2 × 2 factorial treatment arrangement. Feed and water intake (measured weekly), ruminal H2S concentration (measured on days 42 and 91), liver (measured on days -13 and 91), and serum trace-mineral concentrations (measured on days 1, 28, 56, and 91) were evaluated. Initial liver trace-mineral concentrations were used as a covariate in the statistical model. Water intake tended to be reduced with the inclusion of BSS (P = 0.095) but was not affected by water sulfate (P = 0.40). Water sulfate and BSS did not affect dry matter intake (DMI; P ≥ 0.89). Heifers consuming HS had a ruminal H2S concentration that was 1.58 mg/L more (P < 0.001) than LS. The inclusion of BSS reduced (P = 0.035) ruminal H2S concentration by more than 44% (1.35 vs. 0.75 mg/L). Regardless of the water sulfate concentration, heifers fed BSS had lesser liver Cu concentration (average of 4.08 mg/kg) than heifers not provided BSS, and when not provided BSS, HS had lesser Cu than LS (42.2 vs. 58.3; sulfate × BSS, P = 0.019). The serum concentration of Cu did not differ over time for heifers not provided BSS; whereas, heifers provided BSS had lesser serum Cu concentration on day 91 than on days 28 and 55 (BSS × time, P < 0.001). The liver concentration of selenium was reduced (P < 0.001) with BSS inclusion but the selenium concentration in serum was not affected by sulfate, BSS, or time (P ≥ 0.16). BSS reduced ruminal H2S concentration, but depleted liver Cu and Se. Moreover, sulfate concentration in water did not appear to affect DMI, water intake, or growth, but increased ruminal H2S and reduced liver Cu concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikaela G Evans
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, CanadaS7N 5A8
| | - John C Campbell
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, CanadaS7N 5A8
| | - Gabriel O Ribeiro
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, CanadaS7N 5A8
| | | | - Cheryl Waldner
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, CanadaS7N 5A8
| | - Gregory B Penner
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, CanadaS7N 5A8
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Cheek RA, Kegley EB, Russell JR, Reynolds JL, Midkiff KA, Galloway D, Powell JG. Supplemental trace minerals as complexed or inorganic sources for beef cattle during the receiving period. J Anim Sci 2024; 102:skae056. [PMID: 38430558 PMCID: PMC10957120 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skae056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/04/2024] Open
Abstract
To investigate effects of inorganic or complexed trace mineral source (zinc, copper, manganese, and cobalt) on receiving period performance and morbidity, crossbred beef heifer calves (n = 287) arriving on three delivery dates were used in a 42-d receiving trial. Heifers were processed after arrival, stratified by day -1 body weights (BW) and allocated randomly to eight pens (11 to 13 heifers/pen, 24 pens total). Within truckload, pens were assigned randomly to dietary treatment (n = 12 pens/treatment). Heifers were housed on 0.42-ha grass paddocks, provided ad libitum bermudagrass hay and provided dietary treatments in grain supplements fed daily. Treatments consisted of supplemental zinc (360 mg/d), copper (125 mg/d), manganese (200 mg/d), and cobalt (12 mg/d) from complexed (Zinpro Availa 4, Zinpro Corp. Eden Prairie, MN) or inorganic sources (sulfates). Heifers were observed daily for clinical bovine respiratory disease (BRD). If presenting BRD symptoms and rectal temperature ≥ 40 °C, heifers were deemed morbid and treated with antibiotics. Six heifers/pen were bled to determine serum haptoglobin concentrations on days 0, 14, and 28. Liver biopsies were taken on day 5 ± 2 and 43 ± 1 from three calves selected randomly from each pen for mineral status comparisons. Statistical analyses were performed using the MIXED, GLIMMIX, and repeated measures procedures of SAS 9.4 with truckload as a random effect and pen within truckload specified as subject. There tended to be a treatment by day interaction for BW (P = 0.07). Heifer BW did not differ on day 0 (P = 0.82) and day 14 (P = 0.36), but heifers fed complexed trace minerals had greater BW on day 28 (P = 0.04) and day 42 (P = 0.05). Overall average daily gains were greater for heifers fed complexed trace minerals (P = 0.05; 0.78 vs. 0.70 kg, SE = 0.03). Heifers supplemented with inorganic trace minerals had greater BRD incidence (P = 0.03; 58 vs. 46%, SE = 3.6). Haptoglobin concentrations decreased throughout the trial (P < 0.001), and heifers fed complexed trace minerals tended to have a decrease in haptoglobin concentrations (P = 0.07). The source of trace mineral supplementation had no effect (P ≥ 0.20) on liver mineral concentrations and there were no treatment × day interactions (P ≥ 0.35). In conclusion, supplementing diets for the first 42 d after arrival with complexed trace mineral sources improved heifer performance as compared to heifers supplemented with inorganic trace minerals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin A Cheek
- Department of Animal Science, University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Elizabeth B Kegley
- Department of Animal Science, University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | | | - Jana L Reynolds
- Department of Animal Science, University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Kirsten A Midkiff
- Department of Animal Science, University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Doug Galloway
- Department of Animal Science, University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Jeremy G Powell
- Department of Animal Science, University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
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Smerchek DT, Rients EL, McLaughlin AM, Henderson JA, Ortner BM, Thornton KJ, Hansen SL. The influence of steroidal implants and manganese sulfate supplementation on growth performance, trace mineral status, hepatic gene expression, hepatic enzyme activity, and circulating metabolites in feedlot steers. J Anim Sci 2024; 102:skae062. [PMID: 38456567 PMCID: PMC10959487 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skae062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Angus-cross steers (n = 144; 359 kg ± 13.4) were used to assess the effect of dietary Mn and steroidal implants on performance, trace minerals (TM) status, hepatic enzyme activity, hepatic gene expression, and serum metabolites. Steers (n = 6/pen) were stratified by BW in a 3 × 2 factorial. GrowSafe bunks recorded individual feed intake (experimental unit = steer; n = 24/treatment). Dietary treatments included (MANG; 8 pens/treatment; Mn as MnSO4): (1) no supplemental Mn (analyzed 14 mg Mn/kg DM; Mn0); (2) 20 mg supplemental Mn/kg DM (Mn20); (3) 50 mg supplemental Mn/kg DM (Mn50). Within MANG, steers received a steroidal implant treatment (IMP) on day 0: (1) no implant; NO; or (2) combination implant (Revalor-200; REV). Liver biopsies for TM analysis and qPCR, and blood for serum glucose, insulin, non-esterified fatty acids, and urea-N (SUN) analysis were collected on days 0, 20, 40, and 77. Data were analyzed as a randomized complete block with a factorial arrangement of treatments including fixed effects of Mn treatment (MANG) and implant (IMP) using PROC MIXED of SAS 9.4 using initial BW as a covariate. Liver TM, serum metabolite, enzyme activity, and gene expression data were analyzed as repeated measures. No MANG × IMP effects were noted (P ≥ 0.12) for growth performance or carcass characteristic measures. Dietary Mn did not influence final body weight, overall ADG, or overall G:F (P ≥ 0.14). Liver Mn concentration increased with supplemental Mn concentration (MANG; P = 0.01). An IMP × DAY effect was noted for liver Mn (P = 0.01) where NO and REV were similar on day 0 but NO cattle increased liver Mn from days 0 to 20 while REV liver Mn decreased. Relative expression of MnSOD in the liver was greater in REV (P = 0.02) compared to NO and within a MANG × IMP effect (P = 0.01) REV increased liver MnSOD activity. These data indicate current NASEM Mn recommendations are adequate to meet the demands of finishing beef cattle given a steroidal implant. Despite the roles of Mn in metabolic pathways and antioxidant defense, a basal diet containing 14 mg Mn/kg DM was sufficient for the normal growth of finishing steers. This study also provided novel insight into how implants and supplemental Mn influence genes related to arginine metabolism, urea synthesis, antioxidant capacity, and TM homeostasis as well as arginase and MnSOD activity in hepatic tissue of beef steers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dathan T Smerchek
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Emma L Rients
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Amy M McLaughlin
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Jacob A Henderson
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Brock M Ortner
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Kara J Thornton
- Department of Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Science, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322, USA
| | - Stephanie L Hansen
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
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Pastacı Özsobacı N, Karataş M, Tunçdemir M, Özcelik D. Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and angiotensin receptor blocker on oxidative stress and metabolism of elements in kidney of STZ-induced diabetic rats. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 751:109851. [PMID: 38065251 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
In diabetes, increased oxidative stress and impaired trace element metabolism play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. The objective of this research was to examine the outcomes of blocking the renin-angiotensin system, using either the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI), perindopril, or the angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor blocker, irbesartan, on oxidative stress and trace element levels such as Zn, Mg, Cu, and Fe in the kidneys of diabetic rats that had been induced with streptozotocin. Thirty-two Wistar albino male rats were equally divided into four groups. The first group was used as a control. The second group of rats developed diabetes after receiving a single intraperitoneal dose of STZ. The third and fourth groups of rats had STZ-induced diabetes and received daily dosages of irbesartan (15 mg/kg b.w/day) and perindopril (6 mg/kg b.w/day) treatment, respectively. Biochemical analysis of the kidneys showed a distinct increase in oxidative stress, indicated by heightened levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, as well as reduced glutathione (GSH) levels in the kidneys of diabetic rats. In the kidneys of diabetic rats, the mean levels of Fe and Cu were found to be significantly higher than those of the control group. Additionally, the mean levels of Zn and Mg were significantly lower in the diabetic rats compared to the control rats. Both perindopril and irbesartan decreased significantly MDA content and increased SOD activities and GSH levels in the kidneys of rats with diabetes. The Zn and Mg concentrations in the kidneys of diabetic rats treated with perindopril and irbesartan were markedly higher than in untreated STZ-diabetic rats, while the Cu and Fe concentrations were significantly lower. The urinary excretion of rats treated with perindopril and irbesartan showed a pronounced increase in Cu levels, along with a significant reduction in Zn and Mg levels. Although diabetic rats demonstrated degenerative morphological alterations in their kidneys, both therapies also improved diabetes-induced histopathological modifications in the kidneys. Finally, the present results suggest that manipulating the levels of Zn, Mg, Cu, and Fe - either through ACE inhibition or by blocking AT1 receptors - could be advantageous in reducing lipid peroxidation and increasing antioxidant concentration in the kidneys of diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nural Pastacı Özsobacı
- Department of Biophysics, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkiye.
| | - Metehan Karataş
- Department of Medical Biology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Matem Tunçdemir
- Department of Medical Biology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Derviş Özcelik
- Department of Biophysics, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkiye; Department of Biophysics, Medical Faculty, Istanbul Arel University, Istanbul, Turkiye
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Ghosh A, Yash, Kumar C, Bhadury P. Cascading effects of trace metals enrichment on phytoplankton communities of the River Ganga in South Asia. Chemosphere 2024; 347:140607. [PMID: 37925029 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Globally freshwater ecosystems and associated biota including phytoplankton communities are at extreme risk from trace metal pollution originating from geogenic as well as from anthropogenic sources such as release of untreated industrial effluents. In the present study influence of iron- and arsenic-enrichments on structure and metabolism of phytoplankton communities of River Ganga, one of the largest rivers of South Asia, was assessed under laboratory-based microcosm experiments. Surface water samples were collected and subsequently enriched with higher than recommended concentrations of iron (10 mg/L) and arsenic (10 μg/L). The set-up comprised of nine containers of 25 L volume with three containers each for iron- and arsenic-enrichment and was maintained for 30 days. Trace metal enrichment rapidly changed the phytoplankton community structure and chemistry of nutrients uptake. Iron-enrichment prompted diatom blooms comprising of Thalassiosira, succeeded by green algae Coelastrum. Arsenic-enrichment maintained cyanobacteria for longer time-spans compared to the control and iron-enriched containers but significantly lesser abundance of diatoms. Variations in community composition was also reflected in nutrient uptake rates with silicate release in the arsenic-enriched containers at the end of the experiment. Changes in macronutrient dynamics also altered genus growth rates wherein both iron- and arsenic appeared to lower the death rate of Thalassosira but stimulated growth of other genera including Skeletonema and Pandorina. Iron appeared to influence lesser number of genera compared to arsenic which altered growth rates of both diatoms and green algae. This consequently influenced the gross primary productivity values which lowered both in the iron- and arsenic-enriched containers compared to the control owing to decrease in phytoplankton diversity. Iron appeared to drive phytoplankton communities toward a less general and more specialized composition with high abundance of selective species comprising of small diatoms such as Thalassiosira, whereas arsenic appears to select for green algal enrichment in freshwater ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwesha Ghosh
- Centre for Climate and Environmental Studies, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Yash
- Integrative Taxonomy and Microbial Ecology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Chakresh Kumar
- Integrative Taxonomy and Microbial Ecology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Punyasloke Bhadury
- Centre for Climate and Environmental Studies, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India; Integrative Taxonomy and Microbial Ecology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India; Centre for Excellence in Blue Economy, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India.
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Wang S, Yin J, Liu Y, Jin M, Wang Q, Guo J, Gao Z. An organic state trace element solution for rheumatoid arthritis treatment by modulating macrophage phenotypic from M1 to M2. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:116025. [PMID: 38113625 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Trace elements (TEs) are essential for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study aimed to prepare a TEs solution enriched with various organic states to evaluate its preventive, therapeutic effects, and mechanism of action in RA and to provide a treatment method for RA treatment. The TEs in natural ore were extracted and added to 0.5% (W/V) L-alanyl-L-glutamine (LG) to obtain a TEs solution (LG-WLYS), which was examined for its concentration and quality. The antioxidant properties and effects of LG-WLYS on cell behavior were evaluated at the cellular level. The preventive and therapeutic effects and mechanism of action of LG-WLYS in rats with RA were explored. The LG-WLYS solution was clear, free from visible foreign matter, and had a pH of 5.33 and an osmolality of 305.67 mOsmol/kg. LG-WLYS inhibited cell migration and angiogenesis. LG-WLYS solution induced macrophages to change from M1-type to M2-type, increased the content of antioxidant enzymes (glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and IL-10), decreased the levels of nitric oxide, malondialdehyde, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, COX-2, and iNOs, scavenging reactive oxygen species from the lesion site, inhibiting the apoptosis of chondrocytes, regulating inflammatory microenvironment, and decreasing inflammation response to exert the therapeutic effect for RA. In conclusion, LG-WLYS has outstanding therapeutic and preventive effects against RA and has enormous potential for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jishan Yin
- Beijing JINSHAN Ecological Power element Manufactu Co., Ltd, Beijing 101300, China
| | - Yanhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Mingji Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Qiming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jianpeng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Zhonggao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
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Li XW, Li HY, Wang F, He W, Song QG. [The influence of zinc on apoptosis and cell proliferation in palatal shelves during the fusion phase in mice and identification of a special protein family based on gene expression in cleft palate]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 58:1273-1280. [PMID: 38061870 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20230730-00050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effect of the trace element zinc (Zn) on apoptosis and cell proliferation in palate shelvesduring the fusion phase, and to screen candidate genes of the Zn-finger special protein (Sp) family that were differentially expressed between the cleft palate and the normal palate to explore the mechanism of Zn in the development of cleft palate. Methods: Zn-rich, normal-Zn, low-Zn, and Zn-deficient diets were fed to female mice and, for the resultant fetuses, paraffin slices of their heads were made at embryonicdays 14.5 and 16.5. Using terminaldeoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling, the number of apoptotic cells in the palatal shelves was counted, and cell proliferation activity was detected using proliferating cell nuclear antigen staining. Total RNA from the palatal shelves of fetal mice was extracted from the Zn-rich diet, normal Zn-diet, and Zn-deficient-diet groups. We used microarray analysis to examine the expression of genes to identify intergroup differential gene expression and polymerase chain reaction tests to validate the results. Results: At ED14.5, the incidence of cleft palate in the regular zinc group, zinc rich group, low zinc group, and zinc deficient group was 8% (3/36), 2% (1/39), 29% (12/41), and 39% (15/38), respectively. The HE staining results at ED14.5 showed that both the left and right palatal processes in the zinc group had been lifted up and were in contact and connected with each other. In the zinc deficiency group, the left and right palatine processes remained vertically downwards on both sides of the tongue, ultimately forming cleft palate; In the low zinc group, the left and right palatine processes were raised but not in contact, ultimately resulting in cleft palate. There is no significant difference between the zinc rich group and the regular zinc group. At ED14.5, the positive rates of proliferative cells in the palatal process of fetal mice in the regular zinc group (80.29% ± 7.39%) and the zinc rich group (87.69% ± 6.62%) were significantly higher than those in the zinc deficient group (56.05% ± 16.13%) and the low zinc group (56.22% ± 9.61%) (t=4.32, P<0.05). The apoptosis index of fetal rat palatal process cells in the zinc deficient group (38.80% ± 3.10%) and the low zinc group (28.80% ± 6.19%) were significantly higher than those in the regular zinc group (16.80% ± 1.82%) (t=19.35, P<0.001; t=5.81, P<0.001). There were 663 differentially expressed genes in the zinc rich group and the zinc deficient group, with 513 up-regulated genes and 150 down-regulated genes, among which Sp5 was found to be located. The real time PCR results showed that compared with the regular zinc group (2.22 ± 0.36), the expression level of Sp5mRNA in the palatal process tissue of the zinc deficient group (1.23 ± 0.38) significantly increased (P<0.05), while the zinc rich group (3.68 ± 0.90) significantly decreased (P<0.05). Conclusions: Trace element Zn content was found to be closely related to the occurrence of cleft palate in mice offspring, with a lack of Zn leading to cleft palate.
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Affiliation(s)
- X W Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - H Y Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - F Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - W He
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Q G Song
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
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Kousar M, Kim YR, Kim JY, Park J. Enhancement of Growth and Secondary Metabolites by the Combined Treatment of Trace Elements and Hydrogen Water in Wheat Sprouts. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16742. [PMID: 38069065 PMCID: PMC10706805 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the response of Triticum aestivum to hydrogen water (HW) and trace elements treated with HW. A pot experiment was conducted to assess the growth indices, secondary metabolites, and antioxidant levels. The response surface methodology (RSM) approach was used to ascertain the concentrations and significant interaction between treatments. The outcomes demonstrated that the combined treatment of Se acid and Mo oxide exhibited a notable positive effect on the growth and secondary metabolites, when treated with HW as compared to distilled water (DW). Notably, the interaction between these two treatments is significant, and the higher response was observed at the optimal concentration of 0.000005% for Se acid and 0.06% for Mo oxide. Additionally, an in vitro experiment revealed that the mixture treatment inhibits the accumulation of lipids in HepG2 hepatocytes cells. Moreover, metabolic analysis revealed that upregulated metabolites are linked to the inhibition of lipid accumulation. In addition, the analysis emphasizes that the continued benefits of higher plants as a renewable supply for chemicals compounds, especially therapeutic agents, are being expanded and amplified by these state-of-the-art technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muniba Kousar
- Department of Fine Chemistry, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 232-Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Rim Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 232-Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 232-Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonho Park
- Department of Fine Chemistry, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 232-Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
- Center for Functional Biomaterials, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 232-Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
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12
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Wu C, Xiao Y, Jiang Y. Associations of blood trace elements with bone mineral density: a population-based study in US adults. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:827. [PMID: 37924110 PMCID: PMC10623864 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04329-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the association between blood trace elements and bone mineral density (BMD) and to determine the association between blood trace elements and the risk of low BMD/osteoporosis among US adults. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional study using data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2011-2016). Multivariable linear regression models were employed to assess the associations of BMD in lumbar spine (LS-BMD), pelvic (PV-BMD) and total femur (TF-BMD) with blood trace elements, including Fe, Zn, Cu, Se, Mn, Cd, Pb, Hg. Additionally, the associations of low BMD/osteoporosis with blood trace elements were also evaluated using multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS Higher blood Pb levels were found associated with decreased LS-BMD (p for trend < 0.001), PV-BMD (p for trend = 0.007), and TF-BMD (p for trend = 0.003) in female, while higher blood Se levels were associated with increased PV-BMD in female (p for trend = 0.042); no linear association between BMD and other blood trace element was observed. Also, significant associations were found between Pb levels and the prevalence of low BMD (p for trend = 0.030) and the prevalence of osteoporosis (p for trend = 0.036), while association between other blood trace elements and low BMD/osteoporosis was not observed. CONCLUSION This study provides comprehensive insight into the association between blood trace elements and BMD and supports a detrimental effect of blood Pb levels on bone mass in women. Considering our analysis from a representative US general population, further study is warranted for the extreme levels of blood trace elements on bone metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunli Wu
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guiqian International General Hospital, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Yao Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yuexia Jiang
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
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Xuan Bo H, Hiep H, Nga BTT, Hanh HQ, Do Duc L. Effects of Compound Trace Minerals on the Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Meat Quality of Fattening Pigs. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:1822-1827. [PMID: 35400297 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2022.2053144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplemental levels of compound minerals (CM), which was formulated from a mixture of 300 mg calcium, 150 mg magnesium, 25 mg zinc, 15 mg iron, 4 mg manganese, and 2 mg copper per gram, on the growth performance and feed conversion ratio of Duroc × (Landrace × Yorkshire) fattening pigs. A total of 53 female pigs and 45 male pigs at 35 days of age were individually notched and randomly allocated to three treatments, including0 (basal diet), 0.5 (basal diet with 0.5 mg CM/kg feed), and 1 (basal diet with 1 mg CM/kg feed). There were three replicates for each of the three treatments with 28, 34, and 36 pigs in the first, second, and third treatments, respectively. The experiment was divided into two phases, the growing stage, and the finishing stage. Supplementation of compound minerals in the diet led to an increased average daily weight gain and improved feed conversion ratio and meat quality without effects on the lean meat percentage. An addition of 1 mg of compound minerals per 1 kg of feed is the recommended dose to improve the production performance of fattening pigs. These results suggest that the use of compound minerals could improve the growth traits of fattening pigs under tropical environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha Xuan Bo
- Faculty of Animal Science, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hoang Hiep
- Faculty of Environment, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Bui Thi To Nga
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Han Quang Hanh
- Faculty of Animal Science, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Luc Do Duc
- Faculty of Animal Science, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
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Viegas MN, Salgado MA, Aguiar C, Almeida A, Pousão-Ferreira P, Dias J. Effect of Dietary Inorganic and Chelated Trace Mineral Supplementation on the Growth Performance and Skeletal Deformities of European Seabass and Senegalese Sole Post-larvae. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:5389-5400. [PMID: 36701085 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03581-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Trace elements such as Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn are essential minerals in fish diets, especially important at early larval stages. The chemical speciation of these elements directly influences their uptake efficiency and metabolic utilization. In order to optimize the form of trace elements incorporated into larval feed, two experiments were conducted using two commercial fish species, European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis), and two chemical forms (inorganic and glycinate chelates). Several fish performance parameters were measured, as well as bone status parameters to assess which form of mineral results in optimal fish biological performance. European seabass and Senegalese sole post-larvae were unresponsive (P > 0.05) to dietary treatments in terms of dry weight (DW), standard length (SL), relative growth rate (RGR) or feed conversion rates (FCR) when fed diets supplemented with chelated over inorganic trace minerals. This study suggests that replacing dietary inorganic mineral supplementation by their organic glycinate-chelated forms brings no beneficial effects on somatic growth and bone development in Senegalese sole and European seabass post-larvae fed high-quality commercial microdiets. Additionally, we show that mineral leaching from diets can be significant, but the use of chelated minerals can potentially mitigate this leaching phenomenon. Therefore, the selection of the dietary mineral form should take into account not only their economic value, but also their biological effect and environmental impact. Data generated in this trial provides new knowledge in trace mineral nutrition of early-stage marine fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael N Viegas
- CIIMAR, ICBAS, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
- ADM Portugal S.A., Zona Industrial de Murtede, 3060-372, Cantanhede, Portugal.
- SPAROS Lda, Área Empresarial de Marim, Lote C, 8700-221, Olhão, Portugal.
| | - Maria A Salgado
- CIIMAR, ICBAS, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Aguiar
- ADM Portugal S.A., Zona Industrial de Murtede, 3060-372, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Agostinho Almeida
- REQUIMTE, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Jorge Dias
- SPAROS Lda, Área Empresarial de Marim, Lote C, 8700-221, Olhão, Portugal
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Abstract
Toxoplasmosis is an opportunistic infection caused by the coccidian Toxoplasma gondii which represents a food and water contaminant. The available chemotherapeutic agents for toxoplasmosis are limited and the choice is difficult when considering the side effects. Selenium is an essential trace element. It is naturally found in dietary sources, especially seafood, and cereals. Selenium and selenocompounds showed anti-parasitic effects through antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. The present study evaluated the potential efficacy of environmentally benign selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) against acute toxoplasmosis in a mouse model. SeNPs were fabricated by nanobiofactory Streptomyces fulvissimus and characterized by different analytical techniques including, UV-spectrophotometry, transmission electron microscopy, EDX, and XRD. Swiss albino mice were infected with Toxoplasma RH strain in a dose of 3500 tachyzoites in 100 μl saline to induce acute toxoplasmosis. Mice were divided into five groups. Group I: non-infected, non-treated, group II: infected, non-treated, group III: non-infected, treated with SeNPs, group IV: infected, treated with co-trimoxazole (sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim) and group V: infected, treated with SeNPs. There was a significant increase in survival time in the SeNPs-treated group and minimum parasite count was observed compared to untreated mice in hepatic and splenic impression smears. Scanning electron microscopy showed tachyzoites deformity with multiple depressions and protrusions, while transmission electron microscopy showed excessive vacuolization and lysis of the cytoplasm, especially in the area around the nucleus and the apical complex, together with irregular cell boundary and poorly demarcated cell organelles. The present study demonstrated that the biologically synthesized SeNPs can be a potential natural anti-Toxoplasma agent in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadwa M. Arafa
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nermine M. F. H. Mogahed
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Marwa M. Eltarahony
- Environmental Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Universities and Research centers District, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Radwa G. Diab
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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16
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Saghiri MA, Vakhnovetsky J, Samadi E, Napoli S, Samadi F, Conte M, Morgano SM. Effects of Diabetes on Elemental Levels and Nanostructure of Root Canal Dentin. J Endod 2023; 49:1169-1175. [PMID: 37429496 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study evaluated the effects of diabetes mellitus (DM) on the nanostructure of root canal dentin using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). METHODS Twenty extracted human premolars from diabetic and nondiabetic patients (n = 10 in each group) were decoronated and sectioned horizontally into 40 2-mm-thick dentin discs, with each disc designated for a specific test. ICP-MS was used to determine the different elemental levels of copper, lithium, zinc, selenium, strontium, manganese, and magnesium in diabetic and nondiabetic specimens. HRTEM was used to analyze the shape and quantity of the apatite crystals in diabetic and nondiabetic dentin at the nanostructural level. Statistical analysis was performed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Student t test (P < .05). RESULTS ICP-MS revealed significant differences in trace element concentrations between the diabetic and nondiabetic specimens (P < .05), with lower levels of magnesium, zinc, strontium, lithium, manganese, and selenium (P < .05), and higher levels of copper in diabetic specimens (P < .05). HRTEM revealed that diabetic dentin exhibited a less compact structure with smaller crystallites and significantly more crystals in the 2500 nm2 area (P < .05). CONCLUSION Diabetic dentin exhibited smaller crystallites and altered elemental levels more than nondiabetic dentin, which could explain the higher root canal treatment failure rate in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Saghiri
- Biomaterial and Prosthodontics Laboratory, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, New Jersey; Department of Endodontics, University of the Pacific, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, San Francisco, California.
| | - Julia Vakhnovetsky
- Sector of Innovation in Dentistry, Dr. Hajar Afsar Lajevardi Research Cluster (DHAL), Hackensack, New Jersey; Biomaterial and Prosthodontics Laboratory, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, New Jersey; University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Elham Samadi
- Sector of Innovation in Dentistry, Dr. Hajar Afsar Lajevardi Research Cluster (DHAL), Hackensack, New Jersey; Biomaterial and Prosthodontics Laboratory, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Salvatore Napoli
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Fatereh Samadi
- Sector of Innovation in Dentistry, Dr. Hajar Afsar Lajevardi Research Cluster (DHAL), Hackensack, New Jersey; Biomaterial and Prosthodontics Laboratory, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Michael Conte
- Office of Clinical Affairs, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Steven M Morgano
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, New Jersey
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Jiang L, Li N, Li X, Murati H, Hu Y, Su Y. Phytoremediation of copper-contaminated soils by drip or sprinkling irrigation coupled with intercropping. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:81303-81313. [PMID: 37316625 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28153-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Intercropping improves the phytoremediation of soil trace metal contamination. Dripping irrigation could further promote the phytoremediation of trace metals by influencing their speciation and total amount in soil. However, there is currently insufficient information elucidating this synergistic effect. In this study, the combined effect of drip irrigation and intercropping on the phytoremediation of Cu-contaminated soil was testified by investigating the changes of Cu spatial distribution and speciation in soil irrigated by dripping or sprinkling methods, as well as Cu bioconcentration factor and translocation factor by plants. Results showed that after a 30-day drip irrigation, the Cu level in soils near the drip outlet decreased by 4.7% and that in Triticum aestivum L. (T. aestivum) roots intercropped with Helianthus annuus L. (H. annuus) and Zea mays L. (Z. mays) dropped by 53.2% and 25.1%, respectively, relative to sprinkler irrigation. Meanwhile, the total Cu and exchangeable Cu levels in soils 6 cm away from the drip outlet increased by 10.8% and 20.4% after 30 days of drip irrigation, leading to 41.1% and 40.0% increases of Cu content in remediation plants H. annuus and Z. mays seedlings as compared to the values by sprinkler irrigation. Therefore, the drip irrigation enhanced the effect of intercropping on Cu phytoremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Jiang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Li
- College of Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaokang Li
- College of Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, People's Republic of China
| | - Hashar Murati
- College of Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanfang Hu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhong Su
- College of Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, People's Republic of China.
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Kumar VU, Kt MF, Sharma A, Bisht P, Dhingra S, Ravichandiran V, Ramesh M, Murti K. The Possible Role of Selected Vitamins and Minerals in the Therapeutic Outcomes of Leishmaniasis. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:1672-1688. [PMID: 35779182 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03311-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a protozoal disease declared as an endemic in areas suffering from severe malnutrition and poverty. The factors associated with poverty like low income, ecological factors, and malnutrition cause disruption in immunity and host defense increasing risk of infection. Altered resistance to infection and host susceptibility are associated with low micronutrient levels in undernourished patients. Malnutrition has been recognized as a poor predictive marker for leishmaniasis, in particular the deficiency of trace elements like zinc, iron, and vitamin A, B, C, D which has a prominent function in the regulation of innate and adaptive immunity, cell proliferation, human physiology, etc. Malnourishment can exacerbate host sensitivity and pathophysiologic intensity to infection in variety of ways, whereas infection can enhance underlying poor nutrition or enhance host vulnerability and sandfly's urge to attack specific hosts. The intensity of leishmaniasis can be influenced by body mass and micronutrient availability in the blood. Vitamin D, C, zinc, and iron are proved effective in inhibiting the growth of leishmaniasis in both amastigote or promastigote forms, either directly or by acting as precursor for a pathway which inhibits the parasite growth. This article elucidates a new perception to the crucial role of micronutrients and their probable role in the therapeutic outcomes of leishmaniasis. Since there is requirement of novel drugs to fight drug resistance and relapse of leishmaniasis, this article may pave way to understand the importance of micronutrients and their role in therapeutic outcomes of leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Udaya Kumar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hajipur, Bihar, India
| | - Muhammed Favas Kt
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)- SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Ayush Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hajipur, Bihar, India
| | - Priya Bisht
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Hajipur, Bihar, India
| | - Sameer Dhingra
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hajipur, Bihar, India
| | - V Ravichandiran
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Kolkata, West Bengal, Kolkata, India
| | - M Ramesh
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, JSS College of Pharmacy Mysuru, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India
| | - Krishna Murti
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hajipur, Bihar, India.
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Satgurunathan T, Bhavan PS, Kalpana R, Jayakumar T, Sheu JR, Manjunath M. Influence of Garlic (Allium sativum) Clove-Based Selenium Nanoparticles on Status of Nutritional, Biochemical, Enzymological, and Gene Expressions in the Freshwater Prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man, 1879). Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:2036-2057. [PMID: 35665883 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03300-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is one of the essential micronutrients for performing vital body functions. This study aims at examining the influence of dietary supplementation of garlic clove-based green-synthesized selenium nanoparticles (GBGS-SeNPs, 48-87 nm) on carcass minerals and trace elements, and growth, biochemical, enzymological, and gene expression analyses in the freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii post larvae (PL). The 96 h LC50 of this GBGS-SeNPs to M. rosenbergii PL was 52.23 mg L-1. Five different artificial diets without supplementation of GBGS-SeNPs (control, 0.0 mg kg-1) and with supplementations of GBGS-SeNPs starting from 100 times lower than the LC50 value (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mg kg-1) were prepared and fed to M. rosenbergii PL for 90 days. A dose-dependent accumulation of Se was observed in the carcass of experimental prawns. GBGS-SeNPs, up to 1.5 mg kg-1 significantly influenced the absorption of other trace elements (Ca, Cu, and Fe) and mineral salts (K, Mg, Na, and Zn). GBGS-SeNPs-supplemented diets showed efficient food conversion ratio (FCR) of 1.32 g against 2.71 g, and therefore enhanced the survival rate (85.6% against 78.8% in control) and weight gain (WG) of 1.41 g against 0.46 g of control prawn. GBGS-SeNPs significantly elevated the activities of protease, amylase, and lipase, and the contents of total protein, essential amino acids (EAA), total carbohydrate, total lipid, monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), and ash. These indicate the growth promoting potential of GBGS-SeNPs in prawn. The insignificantly altered activities of glutamic oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvate transaminase (GPT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase, and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) up to 1.5 mg kg-1 suggest its acceptability in prawn. Moreover, a respective down- and upregulated myostatin (MSTN) and crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (CHH) genes confirmed the influence of GBGS-SeNPs on the growth of prawn. In contrast, 2.0 mg kg-1 GBGS-SeNPs supplementation starts to produce negative effects on prawn (FCR, 1.76 g; survival rate, 82.2%; WG, 0.84 g against respective values of 1.32 g, 85.6%; and 1.41 g observed in 1.5 mg kg-1 of GBGS-SeNPs-supplemented diet fed prawn). This study recommends a maximum of 1.5 mg kg-1 GBGS-SeNPs as dietary supplement to attain sustainable growth of M. rosenbergii. This was confirmed through polynomial and linear regression analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thangavelu Satgurunathan
- Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
- Present address of the first author: Department of Biotechnology, RVS College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Sulur, Coimbatore, 641402, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Ramasamy Kalpana
- Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thanasekaran Jayakumar
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India
| | - Joen-Rong Sheu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Manubolu Manjunath
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Organismal Biology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA
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Wang S, Wu S, Zhang Y, Chen J, Zhou X. Effects of Different Levels of Organic Trace Minerals on Oxidative Status and Intestinal Function in Weanling Piglets. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:720-727. [PMID: 35229256 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03174-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
An experiment was conducted to compare the effects of replacing inorganic trace minerals (ITM) with different levels of complex organic trace minerals (OTM) on the growth performance, oxidative status, and intestinal function of piglets. Weanling piglets were assigned to five groups: a control group fed a basal diet supplemented with inorganic trace minerals and the other four groups fed basal diets supplemented with different levels of OTMs. The results showed that diets supplemented with 50 ppm Fe, 30 ppm Zn, 15 ppm Mn, and 0.2 ppm Se from OTM (L-OTM), or with 75 ppm Fe, 45 ppm Zn, 22.5 ppm Mn, and 0.3 ppm Se from OTM (M-OTM) significantly decreased the diarrhea ratio in the piglets compared with those supplemented with 100 ppm Fe, 90 ppm Zn, 40 ppm Mn, and 0.4 ppm Se from ITM. Compared with those in the ITM group, the piglets in the M-OTM group had significantly higher serum CuZnSOD, MnSOD, and GSH-Px levels. Moreover, piglets in the L-OTM and M-OTM groups had higher Sod and Gpx gene expression than those in the ITM group. Additionally, piglets in the L-OTM and M-OTM groups had significantly higher villus height than those in the ITM group, and the M-OTM group piglets had lower serum diamine oxidase content and higher ileal ZO-1 and occludin protein expression levels than those in the ITM group. These results indicate that replacing dietary ITMs with OTMs could decrease diarrhea occurrence and improve the oxidative status and intestinal barrier function in weanling piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangchu Wang
- Changsha Xinjia Bio-Engineering Co., Ltd., Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Shujun Wu
- Changsha Xinjia Bio-Engineering Co., Ltd., Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Yawei Zhang
- Changsha Xinjia Bio-Engineering Co., Ltd., Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Changsha Xinjia Bio-Engineering Co., Ltd., Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Xihong Zhou
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China.
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21
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Santos J, Cifrian E, Rodriguez-Romero A, Yoris-Nobile AI, Blanco-Fernandez E, Castro-Fresno D, Andres A. Assessment of the environmental acceptability of potential artificial reef materials using two ecotoxicity tests: Luminescent bacteria and sea urchin embryogenesis. Chemosphere 2023; 310:136773. [PMID: 36220438 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Ecotoxicological analysis of construction products is a relatively unexplored area at international level. Aquatic toxicity tests on construction products has been recommended recently for freshwater environment. However, the biological effects of alternative materials on marine ecosystem are still not considered. In this study, the main aim was to assess the environmental impact of alternative mortars proposed as artificial reefs (ARs) materials. The ARs specimens were developed by 3D printing, based on cement and geopolymer mortars using recycled sands of glass and seashells. For this purpose, a leaching test and two different toxicity bioassays, luminosity reduction of marine bacteria Vibrio fischeri (Microtox®) and the success of embryo-larval development of sea-urchin Paracentrotus lividus, were conducted. From the leaching results it should be noted that the mobility of all trace elements considered in both, raw materials and mortars, meet the inert landfill limits, except As, Mo, Se or Sb in the leachates geopolymer mortars. However, the results obtained from the both bioassays show low environmental acceptability for those mortars containing shell sand, probably due to the degradation of the organic matter adhered to the shells. On the other hand, cement mortars obtain better results than geopolymer mortars, regardless of the aggregate used, showing certain consistency with the leaching behaviour, since they present the lowest mobility of trace chemical elements. Therefore, the results supporting the environmental acceptability of its potential use as alternative materials in the production of ARs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Santos
- Department of Chemistry and Process & Resource Engineering, ETSIIT, University of Cantabria, Cantabria, 39005, Spain
| | - Eva Cifrian
- Department of Chemistry and Process & Resource Engineering, ETSIIT, University of Cantabria, Cantabria, 39005, Spain.
| | - Araceli Rodriguez-Romero
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Cádiz, 11510, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Ana Andres
- Department of Chemistry and Process & Resource Engineering, ETSIIT, University of Cantabria, Cantabria, 39005, Spain
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22
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Kerr BJ, Trachsel JM, Bearson BL, Loving CL, Bearson SMD, Byrne KA, Pearce SC, Ramirez SM, Gabler NK, Schweer WP, Helm ET, De Mille CM. Evaluation of digestively resistant or soluble fibers, short- and medium-chain fatty acids, trace minerals, and antibiotics in nonchallenged nursery pigs on performance, digestibility, and intestinal integrity. J Anim Sci 2022; 100:skac282. [PMID: 36130296 PMCID: PMC9671116 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Three experiments (EXP) were conducted to determine the effect of feed additives on performance, intestinal integrity, gastrointestinal volatile fatty acids (VFA), and energy and nutrient digestion in nonchallenged nursery pigs. In EXP 1, 480 pigs (6.36-kg body weight, BW) were placed into 96 pens with 5 pigs/pen, and allotted to 1 of 10 dietary treatments: 1) negative control containing no feed additive (NC), 2) NC + 44 mg chlortetracycline and 38.5 mg tiamulin/kg diet (CTsb), 3) NC + 5% resistant potato starch (RSpo), 4) NC + 5% soluble corn fiber (SCF), 5) NC + 5% sugar beet pulp (SBP), 6) NC + 0.30% fatty acid mix (FAM), 7) NC + 0.10% phytogenic blend of essential oils and flavoring compounds (PHY), 8) NC + 50 mg Cu and 1,600 mg zinc oxide/kg diet (CuZn), 9) NC + 5% resistant corn starch (RScn), and 10) NC + 0.05% β-glucan (BG) for 28 d. There was no impact of dietary treatment on BW gain or feed intake (P ≥ 0.22). Pigs fed diets containing SCF, CTsb, and RSpo resulted in microbial community differences compared to pigs fed the NC (P < 0.05). In EXP 2, 48 barrows (12.8 kg BW) were selected at the end of EXP 1 and fed the same dietary treatments they had previously received: 1) NC, 2) NC + 5% RScn, 3) NC + 5% SCF, and 4) NC + FAM for 8 d. There was no effect of feeding diets containing RScn, SCF, or FAM on in vivo intestinal permeability (P ≤ 0.21). Ileal or colon pH, concentrations of VFA did not differ due to dietary treatment (P ≥ 0.36), but pigs fed diets containing FAM resulted in a greater butyric acid concentration in the cecum compared to pigs fed the NC (P ≤ 0.05). In EXP 3, 156 pigs (6.11 kg BW) were placed into 52 pens with 3 pigs/pen and allotted to 1 of 4 dietary treatments arranged in a factorial manner: 1) NC, 2) NC + 5% RSpo, 3) NC + 0.30% FAM, and 4) NC + 5% RSpo + 0.30% FAM for 24 d. Feeding pigs diets containing RSpo did not affect BW gain (P = 0.91) while pigs fed diets containing FAM grew improved BW gain (P = 0.09). Colonic butyric acid concentrations were greater in pigs fed diets containing RSpo (P = 0.03), while pigs fed diets containing FAM exhibited reduced total VFA concentrations (P = 0.11). The results indicate that supplementing diets with digestively resistant but fermentable fibers, short- and medium-chain fatty acids, or antibiotics do not have a consistent effect, positive or negative, on markers of intestinal integrity or barrier function, intestinal VFA patterns, ATTD of energy and nutrients, or on pig performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Kerr
- USDA-ARS-National Laboratory for Agriculture and the Environment, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | | | - Bradley L Bearson
- USDA-ARS-National Laboratory for Agriculture and the Environment, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | | | | | - Kristen A Byrne
- USDA-ARS-National Animal Disease Center, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Sarah C Pearce
- USDA-ARS-National Laboratory for Agriculture and the Environment, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Shelby M Ramirez
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Nicholas K Gabler
- $Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | | | | | - Carson M De Mille
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
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Campa MF, Chen See JR, Unverdorben LV, Wright OG, Roth KA, Niles JM, Ressler D, Macatugal EMS, Putt AD, Techtmann SM, Righetti TL, Hazen TC, Lamendella R. Geochemistry and Multiomics Data Differentiate Streams in Pennsylvania Based on Unconventional Oil and Gas Activity. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0077022. [PMID: 35980272 PMCID: PMC9603415 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00770-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Unconventional oil and gas (UOG) extraction is increasing exponentially around the world, as new technological advances have provided cost-effective methods to extract hard-to-reach hydrocarbons. While UOG has increased the energy output of some countries, past research indicates potential impacts in nearby stream ecosystems as measured by geochemical and microbial markers. Here, we utilized a robust data set that combines 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing (DNA), metatranscriptomics (RNA), geochemistry, and trace element analyses to establish the impact of UOG activity in 21 sites in northern Pennsylvania. These data were also used to design predictive machine learning models to determine the UOG impact on streams. We identified multiple biomarkers of UOG activity and contributors of antimicrobial resistance within the order Burkholderiales. Furthermore, we identified expressed antimicrobial resistance genes, land coverage, geochemistry, and specific microbes as strong predictors of UOG status. Of the predictive models constructed (n = 30), 15 had accuracies higher than expected by chance and area under the curve values above 0.70. The supervised random forest models with the highest accuracy were constructed with 16S rRNA gene profiles, metatranscriptomics active microbial composition, metatranscriptomics active antimicrobial resistance genes, land coverage, and geochemistry (n = 23). The models identified the most important features within those data sets for classifying UOG status. These findings identified specific shifts in gene presence and expression, as well as geochemical measures, that can be used to build robust models to identify impacts of UOG development. IMPORTANCE The environmental implications of unconventional oil and gas extraction are only recently starting to be systematically recorded. Our research shows the utility of microbial communities paired with geochemical markers to build strong predictive random forest models of unconventional oil and gas activity and the identification of key biomarkers. Microbial communities, their transcribed genes, and key biomarkers can be used as sentinels of environmental changes. Slight changes in microbial function and composition can be detected before chemical markers of contamination. Potential contamination, specifically from biocides, is especially concerning due to its potential to promote antibiotic resistance in the environment. Additionally, as microbial communities facilitate the bulk of nutrient cycling in the environment, small changes may have long-term repercussions. Supervised random forest models can be used to identify changes in those communities, greatly enhance our understanding of what such impacts entail, and inform environmental management decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fernanda Campa
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Andrew D. Putt
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | | | | | - Terry C. Hazen
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
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Dawood MAO, Alagawany M, Sewilam H. The Role of Zinc Microelement in Aquaculture: a Review. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:3841-3853. [PMID: 34628590 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02958-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Trace elements are required in optimum regimes for improving the productivity and wellbeing of aquatic animals. Zinc is one of the main microelements involved in several functions in the animal's body. Zinc potentiates the metabolism function, synthesis of essential enzymes, and the formation of hormones associated with growth, reproduction, immunity, and antioxidative roles in aquatic animals. Several sources of zinc are regularly applied in aquaculture, including inorganic, organic, and nanoparticles. Many studies examined the effects of zinc supplementation in the diets of aquatic animals. The results indicated that zinc could be included in aquafeed in a dose-dependent manner. The effects of zinc depend on the dose, source, duration of feeding, animals' sizes, and experimental conditions. This article comprehensively discusses the results of relevant studies that investigated the effects of zinc on the performances of aquatic animals. The review also intended to update the academia with the previous and current status of using zinc in aquafeed. Furthermore, the article includes up-to-date outputs of relevant studies of using different zinc sources in aquafeed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud A O Dawood
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Shaikh, Egypt.
- The Center for Applied Research On the Environment and Sustainability, The American University in Cairo, Cairo, 11835, Egypt.
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Hani Sewilam
- The Center for Applied Research On the Environment and Sustainability, The American University in Cairo, Cairo, 11835, Egypt
- Department of Engineering Hydrology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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25
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Wei L, Huang H, Chen X, Wang X, Zhang R, Su L, Duan W, Rahman M, Golam Mostofa M, Qamruzzaman Q, Shen H, Hu Z, Wei Y, Christiani DC, Chen F. Umbilical cord serum elementomics of 52 trace elements and early childhood neurodevelopment: Evidence from a prospective birth cohort in rural Bangladesh. Environ Int 2022; 166:107370. [PMID: 35772314 PMCID: PMC9926395 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal exposures to neurotoxic metals and trace elements are associated with early childhood neurodevelopmental outcomes. However, consequences of simultaneous exposure to mixtures of elements remain unclear. OBJECTIVE To examine individual and joint effects of prenatal trace element exposure on early childhood neurodevelopment. METHODS Using a well-established Bangladesh prospective birth cohort (2008-2011), we measured concentrations of 52 trace elements in umbilical cord serum of 569 mother-infant pairs using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Neurodevelopment was evaluated at 20-40 months of age using Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition. Stability elastic net (ENET) was used to screen elements individually associated with the outcome; candidate exposures were combined by weighted linear combination to form a risk score representing their mixture effect on early childhood neurodevelopment. RESULTS Stability ENET identified 15 trace elements associated with cognitive composite score and 14 associated with motor composite score, which were linearly combined to form the element risk score (ERS). Children with higher ERScognitive had lower probability of cognitive developmental delay (ORhighest vs lowest: 0.21; 95 %CI: 0.10, 0.40; P < 0.001; Ptrend < 0.001). Children with ERSmotor in the top quintile had a significantly lower risk of motor developmental delay (OR: 0.16; 95 %CI: 0.09, 0.31; P < 0.001; Ptrend < 0.001) versus the lowest quintile. In Bayesian kernel machine regression analyses, lithium [conditional posterior inclusion probability (cPIP) = 0.68], aluminum (cPIP = 0.83) and iron (cPIP = 1.00) contributed most to the lower cognitive composite score; zinc (cPIP = 1.00), silver (cPIP = 0.81), and antimony (cPIP = 0.65) mainly contributed to the change of motor composite score. CONCLUSION Co-exposure to lithium/aluminum/iron or zinc/silver/antimony appears to impact children's neurodevelopment. ERS score reflecting maternal exposure could indicate children's risk of neurodevelopmental delay, warranting further studies to explore the underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangmin Wei
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Ruyang Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Li Su
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Weiwei Duan
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | | | | | | | - Hongbing Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Center of Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Zhibin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Center of Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yongyue Wei
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Center of Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
| | - David C Christiani
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Center of Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
| | - Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Center of Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
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Sun X, Hou Y, Wang Y, Guo C, Wang Q, Zhang Y, Yang Z, Wang Z, Cao Z, Wang W, Li S. The Blood Immune Cell Count, Immunoglobulin, Inflammatory Factor, and Milk Trace Element in Transition Cows and Calves Were Altered by Increasing the Dietary n-3 or n-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Levels. Front Immunol 2022; 13:897660. [PMID: 35874736 PMCID: PMC9300944 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.897660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transition dairy cows experience sudden changes in both metabolic and immune functions, which lead to many diseases in postpartum cows. Therefore, it is crucial to monitor and guarantee the nutritional and healthy status of transition cows. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of diet enriched in n-3 or n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) on colostrum composition and blood immune index of multiparous Holstein cows and neonatal calves during the transition period. Forty-five multiparous Holstein dairy cows at 240 days of pregnancy were randomly assigned to receive 1 of 3 isoenergetic and isoprotein diets: 1) CON, hydrogenated fatty acid (control), 1% of hydrogenated fatty acid [diet dry matter (DM) basis] during prepartum and postpartum, respectively; 2) HN3, 3.5% of extruding flaxseed (diet DM basis, n-3 PUFA source); 3) HN6, 8% of extruding soybeans (diet DM basis, C18:2n-6 PUFA source). Diets containing n-3 and n-6 PUFA sources decreased colostrum immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentration but did not significantly change the colostrum IgG yield compared with those with CON. The commercial milk yield (from 14 to 28 days after calving) was higher in the HN3 and HN6 than that in the CON. Furthermore, the n-3 PUFA source increased neutrophil cell counts in blood during the prepartum period and increased neutrophil percentage during the postpartum period when compared with those with control treatment. Diets containing supplemental n-3 PUFA decreased the serum concentration of interleukin (IL)-1β in maternal cows compared with those in control and n-6 PUFA during prepartum and postpartum. In addition, the neonatal calf serum concentration of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) was decreased in HN3 compared with that in the HN6 treatment. The diet with the n-3 PUFA source could potentially increase the capacity of neutrophils to defend against pathogens in maternal cows by increasing the neutrophil numbers and percentage during the transition period. Meanwhile, the diet with n-3 PUFA source could decrease the pro-inflammatary cytokine IL-1β of maternal cows during the transition period and decline the content of pro-inflammatary cytokine TNF of neonatal calves. It suggested that the highest milk production in n-3 PUFA treatment may partially be due to these beneficial alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoge Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhuang Hou
- Laboratory for Animal Production and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Yue Wang
- Animal Production Systems group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Cheng Guo
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhantao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhonghan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhijun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Shengli Li, ; Wei Wang,
| | - Shengli Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Shengli Li, ; Wei Wang,
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García-Díaz JR, Mora-García A, Hernández-Barreto M, Mollineda-Trujillo Á, Lima-Orozco R. Parenteral supplementation of Cu, Zn and Mn enhances boars' sperm quality. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 71:126939. [PMID: 35101698 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.126939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The trace elements concentrations of blood might play a key role in the trace element concentration of seminal plasma, as well as in the improvement of semen volume and sperm morphology in boars. OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of supplementation of Cu, Zn and Mn on their concentrations in blood serum and seminal plasma and sperm quality in boars. METHODS Eighteen boars of the Duroc Jersey breed were selected and their blood and semen (54 ejaculates before supplementation) were extracted. Coinciding with the third sampling and after of blood taken, the boars were supplemented subcutaneously with 37.5 mg of Cu, 75 mg of Zn and 37.5 mg of Mn; 40 days after the supplementation the fourth sampling was taken. Cu and Zn concentrations in blood serum and seminal plasma were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, while the sperm pathologies were determined by microscopy and the concentrations of Cu and Zn in blood serum and seminal plasma, and semen pathologies were compared using the t-Student test for paired samples. A simple linear correlation was made between the minerals concentration in seminal plasma with the percentage of spermatozoa with abnormal forms. RESULTS Although the concentrations of Zn in blood serum did not show differences between sampling periods (P < 0.05), they were significantly higher (P < 0.01) in the seminal plasma after supplementation as compared to its levels before supplementation. In addition, the concentrations of Cu and Zn in seminal plasma were increased (P < 0.01), and the total spermatic pathologies were reduced; especially those of the head, neck and intermediate part of the tail (P < 0.001). Besides, macrocephaly, double head and broken acrosome were the most common pathologies (P < 0.05). Moreover, parenteral supplementation of Cu, Zn and Mn was a protective factor to the presentation of ejaculates with abnormal sperm percentages higher than 10% (χ2 = 6.1544; P = 0.0131). The prevalence of abnormal shapes of boars' sperm before supplementation was 0.40; after supplementation the answer was 0.05 and the prevalence ratio was 0.13 with a confidence interval of 95% from 0.01 to 0.94. Moreover, Zn concentrations in blood serum were not correlated with those of the seminal plasma (P > 0.05, r = - 0.0353); however, the concentrations of Cu in both fluids were correlated (P < 0.05, r = 0.2254). In addition, the Zn values in the seminal plasma and the percentage of abnormal spermatozoa had a negative and highly significant correlation (P < 0.0001, r = - 0.5628). However, the Cu concentrations in the semen were not significantly correlated with the abnormal sperm forms (P > 0.05, r = 0.0200). CONCLUSION From the present study it can be concluded that in boars fed with diets that meeting their requirements in trace minerals according to NRC (2012) [1], parenteral supplementation of 37.5 mg of Cu, 75 mg of Zn and 37.5 mg of Mn increased the Zn concentrations in the seminal plasma and reduced the sperm pathologies, which resulted in an increase of the boars' sperm quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Ramón García-Díaz
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences (FCA), Universidad Central Marta Abreu de Las Villas (UCLV), Carretera a Camajuaní km 5.5, Santa Clara 54830, Villa Clara, Cuba; Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (CIAP), FCA, UCLV, Carretera a Camajuaní km 5.5, Santa Clara 54830, Villa Clara, Cuba
| | - Aliana Mora-García
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences (FCA), Universidad Central Marta Abreu de Las Villas (UCLV), Carretera a Camajuaní km 5.5, Santa Clara 54830, Villa Clara, Cuba
| | - Miguel Hernández-Barreto
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences (FCA), Universidad Central Marta Abreu de Las Villas (UCLV), Carretera a Camajuaní km 5.5, Santa Clara 54830, Villa Clara, Cuba
| | - Ángel Mollineda-Trujillo
- Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (CIAP), FCA, UCLV, Carretera a Camajuaní km 5.5, Santa Clara 54830, Villa Clara, Cuba
| | - Raciel Lima-Orozco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences (FCA), Universidad Central Marta Abreu de Las Villas (UCLV), Carretera a Camajuaní km 5.5, Santa Clara 54830, Villa Clara, Cuba; Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (CIAP), FCA, UCLV, Carretera a Camajuaní km 5.5, Santa Clara 54830, Villa Clara, Cuba.
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Stadnik B, Tobiasz-Salach R, Mazurek M. Physiological and Epigenetic Reaction of Barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) to the Foliar Application of Silicon under Soil Salinity Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031149. [PMID: 35163073 PMCID: PMC8835728 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil salinity is an important environmental factor affecting physiological processes in plants. It is possible to limit the negative effects of salt through the exogenous application of microelements. Silicon (Si) is widely recognized as an element improving plant resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses. The aim of the research was to determine the impact of foliar application of Si on the photosynthetic apparatus, gas exchange and DNA methylation of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grown under salt stress. Plants grown under controlled pot experiment were exposed to sodium chloride (NaCl) in the soil at a concentration of 200 mM, and two foliar applications of Si were made at three concentrations (0.05%, 0.1% and 0.2%). Measurements were made of relative chlorophyll content in leaves (CCl), gas exchange parameters (Ci, E, gs, and PN), and selected chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (Fv/Fm, Fv/F0, PI and RC/ABS). Additionally, DNA methylation level based on cytosine methylation within the 3′CCGG 5′ sequence was analyzed. Salinity had a negative effect on the values of the parameters examined. Exogenous application of Si by spraying leaves increased the values of the measured parameters in plants. Plants treated with NaCl in combination with the moderate (0.1%) and highest (0.2%) dose of Si indicated the lowest methylation level. Decrease of methylation implicated with activation of gene expression resulted in better physiological parameters observed in this group of barley plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Stadnik
- Department of Crop Production, University of Rzeszow, Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Renata Tobiasz-Salach
- Department of Crop Production, University of Rzeszow, Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland;
| | - Marzena Mazurek
- Department of Physiology and Plant Biotechnology, University of Rzeszow, Ćwiklińskiej 2, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland;
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Güz BC, de Jong IC, Bol UE, Kemp B, van Krimpen M, Molenaar R, van den Brand H. Effects of organic macro and trace minerals in fast and slower growing broiler breeders' diet on offspring growth performance and tibia characteristics. Poult Sci 2021; 101:101647. [PMID: 34998228 PMCID: PMC8749331 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate effects of source of macro and trace minerals (inorganic vs. organic) in fast and slower growing broiler breeders' diets on egg and hatchling mineral content and on offspring tibia morphological, biophysical, and mechanical characteristics. After 10 wk feeding the breeders (at 30 wk of age), eggs were collected and incubated. Eggs and hatchlings were analysed on mineral content. Male chickens were assigned to 32 pens with 12 chickens per pen. At approximately 1,700 and 2,600 gram BW, three chickens per pen were slaughtered. Tibia characteristics were determined. Organic minerals in the broiler breeder diet resulted in higher Fe and Se concentration in the egg and in higher Se concentration in the hatchling. Despite effects of mineral source on mineral concentration in the eggs and hatchlings were limited, organic minerals in the slower-growing broiler breeder diet resulted in higher offspring BW (d 42, Δ = 115 g; P = 0.03) and advanced tibia development (higher thickness (∆ = 0.38 cm; P < 0.001), osseous volume (∆ = 5.1 cm3; P = 0.01), and mineral density (Δ = 0.13 g/cm3; P = 0.03) at 2,600 g BW), but this was not observed in fast-growing chickens. This suggests that 1) the difference in feed intake of the breeders between strains might affect offspring performance, which might indicate that current slower-growing breeder diets might be suboptimal in minerals or that transgenerational mineral availability in slower growing chickens appears to be more effective on bone development, which might be related to time available for bone development. 2) transgenerational mineral availability in offspring appears to play a role via other mechanisms than via absolute mineral concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- B C Güz
- Adaptation Physiology Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6700 AH, the Netherlands.
| | - I C de Jong
- Wageningen Livestock Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6700 AH, Gelderland, the Netherlands
| | - U E Bol
- Adaptation Physiology Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6700 AH, the Netherlands
| | - B Kemp
- Adaptation Physiology Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6700 AH, the Netherlands
| | - M van Krimpen
- Wageningen Livestock Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6700 AH, Gelderland, the Netherlands
| | - R Molenaar
- Adaptation Physiology Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6700 AH, the Netherlands
| | - H van den Brand
- Adaptation Physiology Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6700 AH, the Netherlands
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Khutsishvili SS, Perfileva AI, Nozhkina OA, Ganenko TV, Krutovsky KV. Novel Nanobiocomposites Based on Natural Polysaccharides as Universal Trophic Low-Dose Micronutrients. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222112006. [PMID: 34769436 PMCID: PMC8584298 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222112006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
New promising manganese-containing nanobiocomposites (NCs) based on natural polysaccharides, arabinogalactan (AG), arabinogalactan sulfate (AGS), and κ-carrageenan (κ-CG) were studied to develop novel multi-purpose trophic low-dose organomineral fertilizers. The general toxicological effects of manganese (Mn) on the vegetation of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) was evaluated in this study. The essential physicochemical properties of this trace element in plant tissues, such as its elemental analysis and its spectroscopic parameters in electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), were determined. Potato plants grown in an NC-containing medium demonstrated better biometric parameters than in the control medium, and no Mn accumulated in plant tissues. In addition, the synthesized NCs demonstrated a pronounced antibacterial effect against the phytopathogenic bacterium Clavibacter sepedonicus (Cms) and were proved to be safe for natural soil microflora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spartak S. Khutsishvili
- Department of Physical Organic Chemistry, N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Lavrentiev Av., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia;
| | - Alla I. Perfileva
- Laboratory of Plant-Microbe Interactions, Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 664033 Irkutsk, Russia; (A.I.P.); (O.A.N.)
| | - Olga A. Nozhkina
- Laboratory of Plant-Microbe Interactions, Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 664033 Irkutsk, Russia; (A.I.P.); (O.A.N.)
| | - Tatjana V. Ganenko
- Laboratory of Functional Nanomaterials, A.E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Favorsky Str., 664033 Irkutsk, Russia;
| | - Konstantin V. Krutovsky
- Department of Forest Genetics and Forest Tree Breeding, Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest Ecology, Georg-August University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Center for Integrated Breeding Research (CiBreed), Georg-August University of Göttingen, Albrecht-Thaer-Weg 3, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Laboratory of Population Genetics, N.I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Gubkin Str. 3, 119333 Moscow, Russia
- Genome Research and Education Center, Laboratory of Forest Genomics, Department of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Forestry Faculty, G.F. Morozov Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies, 8 Timiryazeva Str., 394036 Voronezh, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-551-393-3537
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Osuchowska-Grochowska I, Blicharska E, Gogacz M, Nogalska A, Winkler I, Szopa A, Ekiert H, Tymczyna-Borowicz B, Rahnama-Hezavah M, Grochowski C. Brief Review of Endometriosis and the Role of Trace Elements. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11098. [PMID: 34681755 PMCID: PMC8540211 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a chronic, estrogen-dependent, inflammatory condition that is defined as the presence of endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterine cavity. Despite the progress in research into the mechanisms leading to the development of endometriosis, its cause has not yet been established. It seems to be possible that the formation of oxidative stress may be one of the main causes of the development of endometriosis. There is much research that studies the potential role of trace elements in the appearance of endometrial-like lesions. Most studies focus on assessing the content of selected trace elements in the blood, urine, or peritoneal fluid in women with endometriosis. Meanwhile, little is known about the content of these elements in endometrial-like implants, which may be helpful in developing the theory of endometriosis. Investigations that are more comprehensive are needed to confirm a hypothesis that some trace elements play a role in the pathomechanism of endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eliza Blicharska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Marek Gogacz
- 2nd Department of Gynecology, Lublin Medical University, 20-954 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Agata Nogalska
- Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Izabela Winkler
- 2nd Department of Gynecology, St John’s Center Oncology, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Szopa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Jagielonian University, Collegium Medicum, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (A.S.); (H.E.)
| | - Halina Ekiert
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Jagielonian University, Collegium Medicum, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (A.S.); (H.E.)
| | - Barbara Tymczyna-Borowicz
- Department of Conservative Dentistry with Endodontics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-439 Lublin, Poland;
| | | | - Cezary Grochowski
- Laboratory of Virtual Man, Medical University of Lublin, 20-439 Lublin, Poland;
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Savaram Venkata RR, Bhukya P, Raju MVLN, Ullengala R. Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Organic Trace Minerals at Reduced Concentrations on Performance, Bone Mineralization, and Antioxidant Variables in Broiler Chicken Reared in Two Different Seasons in a Tropical Region. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:3817-3824. [PMID: 33216320 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02481-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Two experiments were conducted to study the performance, antioxidant activity, and bone mineral variables in broilers fed organic trace minerals (OTM) at lowered concentrations in the diet. In experiment 1, a total of 1500 day-old broiler male chicks were randomly distributed into six groups with 10 replicates of 25 chicks each and housed in floor pens (1.90 × 1.22 m). One group was fed the maize-soybean meal-based control diet, supplemented with inorganic trace mineral (ITM) premix containing Mn, Zn, Fe, Cu, Se, and Cr at 50, 45, 40, 7.5, 0.30, and 0.25 mg/kg, respectively. The remaining groups of chicks were fed the diets, where the ITM premix was replaced with OTM mix so as to provide the respective minerals at graded levels in the diet (100, 75, 50, 40, and 30% of the control diet). Similarly, in experiment II, a total of 1350 day-old male broiler chicks were divided at random into six groups with 9 replicates of 25 chicks each and fed the maize-soybean meal-based control diet having ITM at levels similar to those of experiment I or the test diets, where the ITM was replaced with OTM so as to provide the minerals at 100, 80, 60, 40, and 20% of the ITM-based control diet. Each diet was fed ad libitum from 0 to 42 days of age. The body weight gain, feed intake, and feed efficiency were not affected by supplementing OTM at 30 and 20% in experiments I and II, respectively. Slaughter variables, activities of glutathione peroxidase and super oxide dismutase, and lipid peroxidation and ferric reducing activity in serum were not affected by supplementing OTM at the lowest level of 20% in the diet. Similarly, bone-breaking strength, ash, and Mn contents were not affected by supplementing OTM at 20% of the mineral concentration in control diet containing ITM. Deposition of Ca, P, Cu, and Fe in tibia ash increased with increased concentration of OTM in the diet. However, Zn content in tibia ash reduced with reduction in OTM level in the diet. Based on the results, it is concluded that trace mineral supplementation in organic form even at 20% of the concentration recommended for ITM may be sufficient in maize-soybean meal-based diet to support the optimum growth, bone ash, bone strength, and serum antioxidant status in commercial broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Prakash Bhukya
- ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500030, India.
| | | | - Rajkumar Ullengala
- ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500030, India
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Kermani M, Rahmatinia T, Oskoei V, Norzaee S, Shahsavani A, Farzadkia M, Kazemi MH. Potential cytotoxicity of trace elements and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons bounded to particulate matter: a review on in vitro studies on human lung epithelial cells. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:55888-55904. [PMID: 34490568 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16306-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A large number of studies have been conducted for clarifying toxicological mechanisms of particulate matter (PM) aimed to investigate the physicochemical properties of PM and providing biological endpoints such as inflammation, perturbation of cell cycle, oxidative stress, or DNA damage. However, although several studies have presented some effects, there is still no consensus on the determinants of biological responses. This review attempts to summarize all past research conducted in recent years on the physicochemical properties of environmental PM in different places and the relationship between different PM components and PM potential cytotoxicity on the human lung epithelial cells. Among 447 papers with our initial principles, a total of 50 articles were selected from 1986 to April 2020 based on the chosen criteria for review. According to the results of selected studies, it is obvious that cytotoxicity in human lung epithelial cells is created both directly or indirectly by transition metals (such as Cu, Cr, Fe, Zn), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), and ions that formed on the surface of particles. In the selected studies, the findings of the correlation analysis indicate that there is a significant relationship between cell viability reduction and secretion of inflammatory mediators. As a result, it seems that the observed biological responses are related to the composition and the physicochemical properties of the PMs. Therefore, the physicochemical properties of PM should be considered when explaining PM cytotoxicity, and long-term research data will lead to improved strategies to reduce air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Kermani
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tahere Rahmatinia
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahide Oskoei
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Norzaee
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Abbas Shahsavani
- Air Quality and Climate Change Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Farzadkia
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Kazemi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Immunology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ro JH, Liu CC, Lin MC. Resveratrol Mitigates Cerebral Ischemic Injury by Altering Levels of Trace Elements, Toxic Metal, Lipid Peroxidation, and Antioxidant Activity. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:3718-3727. [PMID: 33230635 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02497-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia causes increased oxidative stress due to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species. The polyphenol compound resveratrol exerts neuroprotective effects through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory abilities. The trace elements magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn), and selenium (Se) also exert antioxidant properties. This study mainly investigates whether the neuroprotective effect of resveratrol during cerebral ischemia is related to its modulation of the concentrations of trace element and toxic metal lead (Pb). Experimental rats were administered resveratrol (20 mg/kg) once daily for 10 consecutive days. Cerebral ischemia was surgically induced via ligation of the right middle cerebral artery and right common carotid artery for 1 h. Brain cortex tissues were homogenized, and the supernatants were harvested for biochemical analysis. Experimental results showed that rats pretreated with resveratrol before cerebral ischemia had significantly higher trace element concentrations of Mg, Zn, and Se and higher antioxidant activity (superoxide dismutase and catalase) in the brain cortex as compared to untreated cerebral ischemia rats. Conversely, resveratrol pretreatment markedly attenuated lipid peroxidation and concentrations of the toxic metal Pb as compared to untreated cerebral ischemic rats. Altogether, the findings of this study highlight that the mechanism underlying the neuroprotective effect of resveratrol involves modulation of the brain levels of trace elements, toxic metal lead, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Hai Ro
- Department of Pharmacy, Chung Kang Branch, Cheng Ching Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chi Liu
- Department of Nursing, National Taichung University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Cheng Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Taheri S, Asadi S, Nilashi M, Ali Abumalloh R, Ghabban NMA, Mohd Yusuf SY, Supriyanto E, Samad S. A literature review on beneficial role of vitamins and trace elements: Evidence from published clinical studies. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2021; 67:126789. [PMID: 34044222 PMCID: PMC8123519 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 is a kind of SARS-CoV-2 viral infectious pneumonia. This research aims to perform a bibliometric analysis of the published studies of vitamins and trace elements in the Scopus database with a special focus on COVID-19 disease. To achieve the goal of the study, network and density visualizations were used to introduce an overall picture of the published literature. Following the bibliometric analysis, we discuss the potential benefits of vitamins and trace elements on immune system function and COVID-19, supporting the discussion with evidence from published clinical studies. The previous studies show that D and A vitamins demonstrated a higher potential benefit, while Selenium, Copper, and Zinc were found to have favorable effects on immune modulation in viral respiratory infections among trace elements. The principles of nutrition from the findings of this research could be useful in preventing and treating COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sima Taheri
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Shahla Asadi
- Centre of Software Technology and Management, Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, 43600, Malaysia
| | - Mehrbakhsh Nilashi
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, 81310, Malaysia.
| | - Rabab Ali Abumalloh
- Computer Department, Community College, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box. 1982, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Salma Yasmin Mohd Yusuf
- Primary Care Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, 47000, Malaysia
| | - Eko Supriyanto
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, 81310, Malaysia
| | - Sarminah Samad
- Department of Business Administration, College of Business and Administration, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Kantapan J, Anukul N, Leetrakool N, Rolin G, Vergote J, Dechsupa N. Iron-Quercetin Complex Preconditioning of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Accelerates Angiogenic and Fibroblast Migration: Implications for Wound Healing. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168851. [PMID: 34445558 PMCID: PMC8396238 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-based therapy is a highly promising treatment paradigm in ischemic disease due to its ability to repair tissue when implanted into a damaged site. These therapeutic effects involve a strong paracrine component resulting from the high levels of bioactive molecules secreted in response to the local microenvironment. Therefore, the secreted therapeutic can be modulated by preconditioning the cells during in vitro culturing. Herein, we investigated the potential use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) probes, the "iron-quercetin complex" or IronQ, for preconditioning peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to expand proangiogenic cells and enhance their secreted therapeutic factors. PBMCs obtained from healthy donor blood were cultured in the presence of the iron-quercetin complex. Differentiated preconditioning PBMCs were characterized by immunostaining. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was carried out to describe the secreted cytokines. In vitro migration and tubular formation using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were completed to investigate the proangiogenic efficacy. IronQ significantly increased mononuclear progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation into spindle-shape-like cells, expressing both hematopoietic and stromal cell markers. The expansion increased the number of colony-forming units (CFU-Hill). The conditioned medium obtained from IronQ-treated PBMCs contained high levels of interleukin 8 (IL-8), IL-10, urokinase-type-plasminogen-activator (uPA), matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), as well as augmented migration and capillary network formation of HUVECs and fibroblast cells, in vitro. Our study demonstrated that the IronQ-preconditioning PBMC protocol could enhance the angiogenic and reparative potential of non-mobilized PBMCs. This protocol might be used as an adjunctive strategy to improve the efficacy of cell therapy when using PBMCs for ischemic diseases and chronic wounds. However, in vivo assessment is required for further validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiraporn Kantapan
- Molecular Imaging and Therapy Research Unit, Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Nampeung Anukul
- Division of Transfusion Science, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Nipapan Leetrakool
- Blood Bank Section, Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Gwenaël Rolin
- Inserm Centre d’Investigation Clinique-1431 (Inserm CIC-1431), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon, F-25000 Besançon, France;
- Inserm UMR1098, RIGHT Interactions Greffon-Hôte-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, Etablissement Français du Sang en Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-25000 Besançon, France
| | - Jackie Vergote
- Laboratoire Signalisation et Transports Ioniques Membranaires (EA 7349), Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Tours, F-37200 Tours, France;
| | - Nathupakorn Dechsupa
- Molecular Imaging and Therapy Research Unit, Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-53-936-022
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Schomburg L. Selenium Deficiency Due to Diet, Pregnancy, Severe Illness, or COVID-19-A Preventable Trigger for Autoimmune Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8532. [PMID: 34445238 PMCID: PMC8395178 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The trace element selenium (Se) is an essential part of the human diet; moreover, increased health risks have been observed with Se deficiency. A sufficiently high Se status is a prerequisite for adequate immune response, and preventable endemic diseases are known from areas with Se deficiency. Biomarkers of Se status decline strongly in pregnancy, severe illness, or COVID-19, reaching critically low concentrations. Notably, these conditions are associated with an increased risk for autoimmune disease (AID). Positive effects on the immune system are observed with Se supplementation in pregnancy, autoimmune thyroid disease, and recovery from severe illness. However, some studies reported null results; the database is small, and randomized trials are sparse. The current need for research on the link between AID and Se deficiency is particularly obvious for rheumatoid arthritis and type 1 diabetes mellitus. Despite these gaps in knowledge, it seems timely to realize that severe Se deficiency may trigger AID in susceptible subjects. Improved dietary choices or supplemental Se are efficient ways to avoid severe Se deficiency, thereby decreasing AID risk and improving disease course. A personalized approach is needed in clinics and during therapy, while population-wide measures should be considered for areas with habitual low Se intake. Finland has been adding Se to its food chain for more than 35 years-a wise and commendable decision, according to today's knowledge. It is unfortunate that the health risks of Se deficiency are often neglected, while possible side effects of Se supplementation are exaggerated, leading to disregard for this safe and promising preventive and adjuvant treatment options. This is especially true in the follow-up situations of pregnancy, severe illness, or COVID-19, where massive Se deficiencies have developed and are associated with AID risk, long-lasting health impairments, and slow recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lutz Schomburg
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Cardiovascular-Metabolic-Renal (CMR)-Research Center, Hessische Straße 3-4, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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Brzóska MM, Kozłowska M, Rogalska J, Gałażyn-Sidorczuk M, Roszczenko A, Smereczański NM. Enhanced Zinc Intake Protects against Oxidative Stress and Its Consequences in the Brain: A Study in an In Vivo Rat Model of Cadmium Exposure. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020478. [PMID: 33572579 PMCID: PMC7911633 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
We examined, in a rat model of moderate environmental human exposure to cadmium (Cd), whether the enhanced intake of zinc (Zn) may protect against Cd-caused destroying the oxidative/antioxidative balance and its consequences in the brain. The intoxication with Cd (5 mg/L, 6 months) weakened the enzymatic (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase) and non-enzymatic (total thiol groups, reduced glutathione) antioxidative barrier decreasing the total antioxidative status and increased the concentrations of pro-oxidants (hydrogen peroxide, myeloperoxidase) in this organ and its total oxidative status. These resulted in the development of oxidative stress and oxidative modifications of lipids and proteins. The co-administration of Zn (30 and 60 mg/L enhancing this element intake by 79% and 151%, respectively) importantly protected against Cd accumulation in the brain tissue and this xenobiotic-induced development of oxidative stress and oxidative damage to lipids and proteins. Moreover, this bioelement also prevented Cd-mediated oxidative stress evaluated in the serum. The favorable effect of Zn was caused by its independent action and interaction with Cd. Concluding, the enhancement of Zn intake under oral exposure to Cd may prevent the oxidative/antioxidative imbalance and oxidative stress in the brain and thus protect against injury of cellular macromolecules in the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata M. Brzóska
- Correspondence: (M.M.B.); (M.K.); Tel.: +48-85-7485604 (M.M.B. & M.K.); Fax: +48-85-7485834 (M.M.B. & M.K.)
| | - Magdalena Kozłowska
- Correspondence: (M.M.B.); (M.K.); Tel.: +48-85-7485604 (M.M.B. & M.K.); Fax: +48-85-7485834 (M.M.B. & M.K.)
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Banadaky MD, Rajaei-Sharifabadi H, Hafizi M, Hashemi SA, Kalanaky S, Fakharzadeh S, Shahbedini SP, Rezayazdi K, Nazaran MH. Lactation responses of Holstein dairy cows to supplementation with a combination of trace minerals produced using the advanced chelate compounds technology. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:55. [PMID: 33389213 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-020-02539-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Advanced chelate compounds technology is a novel technology that introduces a new generation of chelates to deliver trace elements better by polymerization of organic acids. In the present study, the over-supplementation effect of Bonzaplex7 supplement, which is designed based on the aforementioned technology, was evaluated on milk yield of dairy Holstein cattle through two experiments. In the first experiment (exp. I), 24 primiparous dairy cows were randomly assigned to one of 3 groups: (1) without over-supplementation (control); (2) daily allowance of 7 g/cow Bonzaplex7 containing Co (12 mg), Cr (3.5 mg), Cu (126 mg), Fe (56 mg), Mn (196 mg), Se (2 mg), and Zn (357 mg) (Bonzaplex7); and (3) daily allowance of the same amounts of all of the trace minerals in amino acid complex form (AA). In the second experiment (exp. II), 170 multiparous dairy cows received either 7 g/day/cow Bonzaplex7 (85 cows, test) or no additional supplement (85 cows, NS). In exp. I, the milk yields in control, Bonzaplex7, and AA were 34.30, 36.46, and 35.83 kg/day, respectively (P = 0.528). No significant differences in milk composition were detected among the groups. In exp. II, however, higher milk fat and energy-corrected milk yield were observed in test compared with NS. Both Bonzeplex7 and AA elevated the plasma concentrations of Cu, Mn, and Se. The results provided evidence that supplementing dairy cows with a combination of trace minerals which produced using the advanced chelate compounds technology has a potential to improve milk fat and to decrease disease susceptibility under stressed conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Dehghan Banadaky
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Hafizi
- Department of Research and Development, Sodour Ahrar Shargh Company, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Hashemi
- Department of Research and Development, Sodour Ahrar Shargh Company, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Kalanaky
- Department of Research and Development, Sodour Ahrar Shargh Company, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saideh Fakharzadeh
- Department of Research and Development, Sodour Ahrar Shargh Company, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Pouria Shahbedini
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamran Rezayazdi
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Sumiyoshi R, Koga T, Shimizu T, Sato S, Tashiro S, Hosogaya N, Yamamoto H, Kawakami A. Single-arm, open-label pilot intervention study to investigate an effect of oral 5-aminolevulinic acid plus sodium ferrous citrate on glucocorticoid reduction in patients with adult-onset Still disease: Study protocol for clinical trial (SPIRIT compliant). Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e22708. [PMID: 33327226 PMCID: PMC7738081 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000022708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glucocorticoids are an important class of medication for patients with adult-onset Still disease (AOSD), however, relapse following glucocorticoid reduction and adverse events due to long-term effects of glucocorticoid are still problematic. It is of course essential to minimize the risk of treatment. Immunosuppressive therapies such as methotrexate and biologics including tocilizumab are used in glucocorticoid-dependent patients with AOSD, but no second-line treatments for patients with glucocorticoid dependence have been established yet. Given that these drugs also have the potential to cause adverse events, alternative treatments are sought. Recently, elevated heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) has been reported in the serum of patients with AOSD, suggesting that HO-1 activity contributes to AOSD pathogenesis and may represent a new therapeutic target for the treatment of AOSD. The amino acid 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is a non-proteinogenic δ amino acid in human body. An addition of ferrous iron to 5-ALA enhances heme biosynthesis. The increase in heme in vivo induces HO-1 production, a heme-degrading enzyme. Elevated HO-1 has been suggested to contribute to the pathogenesis of AOSD, and administration of 5-ALA and ferrous iron may be a potential treatment for AOSD. METHODS/DESIGN This study is a single-arm, open-label pilot intervention study using clinical endpoints to investigate the effects of oral 5-ALA with sodium ferrous citrate on glucocorticoid reduction in patients with AOSD receiving glucocorticoid therapy. DISCUSSION This pilot intervention study will provide evidence regarding the effectiveness and safety of 5-ALA/sodium ferrous citrate as a potential new therapeutic agent for glucocorticoid-dependent patients with AOSD. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study was registered in the Japan Registry of Clinical Trials (https://jrct.niph.go.jp) on January 14, 2020 as jRCTs071190042.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remi Sumiyoshi
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
- Nagasaki University Hospital, Clinical Research Center
| | - Tomohiro Koga
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
- Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Toshimasa Shimizu
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
- Nagasaki University Hospital, Clinical Research Center
| | - Shuntaro Sato
- Nagasaki University Hospital, Clinical Research Center
| | | | | | | | - Atsushi Kawakami
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
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Gupta S, Kishore A, Alvi MF, Singh V. Designing better input support programs: Lessons from zinc subsidies in Andhra Pradesh, India. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0242161. [PMID: 33270687 PMCID: PMC7714421 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
India has one of the largest agricultural input support programs in the world, delivered in the form of subsidies to farmers, raising concerns about its sustainability. This paper evaluates the performance of one such support, the micronutrient subsidy program in the state of Andhra Pradesh (AP) and presents a case for providing this support in the form of direct cash transfers. Under the program, key soil micronutrients- zinc, boron, and gypsum were distributed free of cost to farmers living in micronutrient-deficient areas, with identification and targeting managed entirely by the state. We survey 1621 farmers, 61 agriculture extension officers, and 78 agriculture input dealers to assess the efficacy of the program and to identify bottlenecks preventing effective targeting, with a focus on zinc. We find that use of non-subsidized zinc is high in AP, and awareness of benefits of zinc and physical access to input dealer shops are significant predictors of zinc use. We argue that the free provision of micronutrients may have created demand among farmers, but there is little justification to continue subsidizing such a program at such high rates or resorting to public distribution. We find that micronutrient procurement and distribution has become a burden on extension staff and crowds out the private sector. Our analysis shows that the subsidy can benefit more farmers if it is channeled through the network of private fertilizer dealers. We use administrative data on budgetary outlays and digital soil maps to suggest fiscal redistribution in the form of direct cash transfers that may ensure more effective targeting at a lower cost to the state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Gupta
- Environment and Production Technology Division, International Food Policy Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Avinash Kishore
- South Asia Region Office, International Food Policy Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Muzna Fatima Alvi
- Environment and Production Technology Division, International Food Policy Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Vartika Singh
- Environment and Production Technology Division, International Food Policy Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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42
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zheng
- Purdue University, School of Health Science, 550 Stadium MallDrive, HAMP1163, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.
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Kaźmierczak-Barańska J, Boguszewska K, Karwowski BT. Nutrition Can Help DNA Repair in the Case of Aging. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12113364. [PMID: 33139613 PMCID: PMC7692274 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Micronutrients such as vitamins and trace elements are crucial for maintaining the health of all organisms. Micronutrients are involved in every cellular/biochemical process. They play roles in proper heart and brain functioning, influence immunological responses, and antioxidant defense systems. Therefore, prolonged deficiency in one or more micronutrients leads to cardiovascular or neurodegenerative disorders. Keeping micronutrients at adequate levels is especially important for seniors. They are prone to deficiencies due to age-associated functional decline and often to a diet poor in nutrients. Moreover, lack of micronutrients has an indirect impact on the genome. Their low levels reduce the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and therefore inhibit the efficiency of defense against free radicals which can lead to the formation of DNA lesions. The more DNA damage in the genetic material, the faster aging at the cellular level and a higher risk of pathological processes (e.g., carcinogenesis). Supplementation of crucial antioxidative micronutrients such as selenium, zinc, vitamin C, and vitamin E seems to have the potential to positively influence the condition of an aging organism, including minimizing inflammation, enhancing antioxidative defense, and limiting the formation of DNA lesions. In consequence, it may lead to lowering the risk and incidence of age-related diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and malnutrition. In this article, we attempt to present the synergistic action of selected antioxidant micronutrients (vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium, and zinc) for inhibiting oxidative stress and DNA damage, which may impede the process of healthy aging.
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Pecora F, Persico F, Argentiero A, Neglia C, Esposito S. The Role of Micronutrients in Support of the Immune Response against Viral Infections. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12103198. [PMID: 33092041 PMCID: PMC7589163 DOI: 10.3390/nu12103198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral infections are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and the importance of public health practices including handwashing and vaccinations in reducing their spread is well established. Furthermore, it is well known that proper nutrition can help support optimal immune function, reducing the impact of infections. Several vitamins and trace elements play an important role in supporting the cells of the immune system, thus increasing the resistance to infections. Other nutrients, such as omega-3 fatty acids, help sustain optimal function of the immune system. The main aim of this manuscript is to discuss of the potential role of micronutrients supplementation in supporting immunity, particularly against respiratory virus infections. Literature analysis showed that in vitro and observational studies, and clinical trials, highlight the important role of vitamins A, C, and D, omega-3 fatty acids, and zinc in modulating the immune response. Supplementation with vitamins, omega 3 fatty acids and zinc appears to be a safe and low-cost way to support optimal function of the immune system, with the potential to reduce the risk and consequences of infection, including viral respiratory infections. Supplementation should be in addition to a healthy diet and fall within recommended upper safety limits set by scientific expert bodies. Therefore, implementing an optimal nutrition, with micronutrients and omega-3 fatty acids supplementation, might be a cost-effective, underestimated strategy to help reduce the burden of infectious diseases worldwide, including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
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Junaid K, Ejaz H, Abdalla AE, Abosalif KOA, Ullah MI, Yasmeen H, Younas S, Hamam SSM, Rehman A. Effective Immune Functions of Micronutrients against SARS-CoV-2. Nutrients 2020; 12:E2992. [PMID: 33003648 PMCID: PMC7599934 DOI: 10.3390/nu12102992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The third coronavirus outbreak in the last two decades has caused significant damage to the world's economy and community health. The highly contagious COVID-19 infection has affected millions of people to date and has led to hundreds of thousands of deaths worldwide. Aside from the highly infectious nature of SARS-CoV-2, the lack of a treatment or vaccine has been the main reason for its spread. Thus, it has become necessary to find alternative methods for controlling SARS-CoV-2. For the present review, we conducted an online search for different available nutrition-based therapies for previously known coronavirus infections and RNA-based virus infections as well as general antiviral therapies. These treatments have promise for combating COVID-19, as various nutrients and minerals play direct and indirect roles in the control and prevention of this newly emerged viral infection. The patients' nutritional status with COVID-19 must be analyzed before administering any treatment, and nutritional supplements should be given to the affected individuals along with routine treatment. We suggest a potential interventional role of nutrients to strengthen the immune system against the emerging infection caused by COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashaf Junaid
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Al Jouf, Saudi Arabia; (H.E.); (A.E.A.); (K.O.A.A.); (M.I.U.)
| | - Hasan Ejaz
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Al Jouf, Saudi Arabia; (H.E.); (A.E.A.); (K.O.A.A.); (M.I.U.)
| | - Abualgasim Elgaili Abdalla
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Al Jouf, Saudi Arabia; (H.E.); (A.E.A.); (K.O.A.A.); (M.I.U.)
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman 14415, Sudan
| | - Khalid O. A. Abosalif
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Al Jouf, Saudi Arabia; (H.E.); (A.E.A.); (K.O.A.A.); (M.I.U.)
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman 14415, Sudan
| | - Muhammad Ikram Ullah
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Al Jouf, Saudi Arabia; (H.E.); (A.E.A.); (K.O.A.A.); (M.I.U.)
| | - Humaira Yasmeen
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Women University Multan, Multan 60000, Pakistan;
| | - Sonia Younas
- Department of Pathology, Tehsil Headquarter Hospital Kamoke, District Gujranwala, Kamoke 50661, Pakistan;
| | - Sanaa S. M. Hamam
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin El-koom 32511, Egypt;
- Department of Microbiology, King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Rehman
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan;
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Findley PA. Health and nutrition: Social work's role. Soc Work Health Care 2020; 59:513-524. [PMID: 32787738 DOI: 10.1080/00981389.2020.1804035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Poor dietary choices can lead to chronic physical illnesses and mental health issues. Nutrition and mental health have gained more attention recently, with a greater focus on complex nutrition at the biological level. Social workers have not traditionally taken an active role in direct discussion of nutrition with clients, but with the need for translation of complicated nutrition information, social workers should gain a broader understanding of nutrition for assessment and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A Findley
- School of Social Work, Rutgers University , New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
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Viegas MN, Laizé V, Salgado MA, Aguiar C, Dias J. Effect of Trace Minerals and B Vitamins on the Proliferation/Cytotoxicity and Mineralization of a Gilthead Seabream Bone-Derived Cell Line. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 196:629-638. [PMID: 31828720 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-01939-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Trace minerals and vitamins are known modulators of bone metabolism, and dietary optimization of these components may improve skeletal development and reduce the occurrence of skeleton deformities in farmed fish. As for larval stages, mineral and water-soluble vitamin nutrition requirements are lacking in research efforts and knowledge is scarce. An in vitro cell system developed from gilthead seabream vertebra and capable of mineralization was used to assess the effect of B vitamins (thiamin and pyridoxine) and trace minerals (copper, manganese, and zinc in a sulfated and chelated form) on cell proliferation and extracellular matrix (ECM) mineralization. Dependent on dose, inhibition of cellular proliferation and/or cytotoxic effects was observed for all nutrients tested and LD50 values were determined: copper, 67.4-69.5 ppm; manganese, 20.9-29.8 ppm; zinc, 37.1-42.8 ppm in sulfated and chelated form respectively; thiamin, 6273 ppm; pyridoxine, 14226 ppm. ECM mineralization was enhanced by mineral (dose and form dependent) and vitamin (dose dependent) supplementation, at non-toxic concentrations below the determined LD50s. This in vitro work confirmed the mineralogenic action of trace minerals and water-soluble vitamins and provided valuable insights for subsequent in vivo nutritional trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael N Viegas
- CIIMAR, ICBAS, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
- ADM Portugal, SA, Zona Industrial de Murtede, 3060-372, Cantanhede, Portugal.
- SPAROS Lda, Área Empresarial de Marim, Lote C, 8700-221, Olhão, Portugal.
| | - Vincent Laizé
- CCMAR, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Maria A Salgado
- CIIMAR, ICBAS, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Aguiar
- ADM Portugal, SA, Zona Industrial de Murtede, 3060-372, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Jorge Dias
- SPAROS Lda, Área Empresarial de Marim, Lote C, 8700-221, Olhão, Portugal
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Fagbohun OF, Babalola OO, Agboola FK, Joseph JS, Malindisa S, Msagati TAM. Evaluation of Phytochemicals, Antioxidants, Trace Elements in Kigelia africana Fruit Extracts and Chemical Profiling Analysis Using UHPLC-qTOF-MS 2 Spectrometry. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 195:679-695. [PMID: 31432445 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-01869-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The study aimed at evaluating the phytochemical composition, antioxidant potentials and the levels of trace elements in the fruit extract of Kigelia africana obtained by different extraction solvents in order to ascertain its numerous pharmacological activities and identify the different chemical compounds responsible for these activities. The crude extract in ethanol and four other solvent fractions (hexane, ethylacetate, butanol and aqueous) were obtained for phytochemical screening. Antioxidant potentials of K. africana fruit were investigated spectrophotometrically using hydroxyl ion scavenging (OH-) activity, metal ion chelating activity, anti-lipid peroxidation activity as well as total antioxidant capacity assays. Trace element (Mn, Zn, Cd, Ni, Cu, Pb, Cr, Co and Fe) levels were measured using a plasma-emission spectrometer that has an auto sampler AS 93-plus and coupled with Nebulizer CETAC U-6000AT+ after microwave acid digestion of the fruit extracts. Chemical identification was performed using ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-qTOF-MS2). Kigelia africana fruit extracts obtained showed a variety of bioactive phytochemical compounds including phenolic acids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and glycosides. The total antioxidant capacity activities of the aqueous, butanol, ethanol, hexane and ethylacetate extracts are 15.04, 52.11, 44.95, 79.27 and 175.20 mg AAE/g. Metal ion chelating activity showed significant correlation with lipid peroxidation inhibition activity at p ≤ 0.01 and with OH- scavenging activity at p ≤ 0.05. PCA analysis revealed that all the extract/fractions have higher total antioxidant activities compared to aqueous extract with hexane extract exhibiting the highest radical scavenging potential. HCA showed similarities with three well-defined clusters and PLS regression was used to predict total antioxidant activity. High sensitivity by low values of limits of detection and quantification was observed ranging from 0.021 to 0.085 mg/ml and 0.063 to 0.258 mg/ml for Zn and Fe respectively. Ethylacetate extract had high concentration of Fe (0.5656 mg/kg). For the standardization of the K. africana fruit extract, 244 chemical compounds were identified by measuring m/z values with threshold override of 100,000 and analysing mass spectrometer fragmentation behaviour while 16 of these were confirmed. Kigelia africana fruit extract is a good source of antioxidant and possess maximum accepted concentration of trace elements according to European legislation (1881/2006/EC). The metabolites identified exhibited numerous pharmacological activities. The method and results suggest the applicability for commercial use of this K. africana fruit in the treatment of oxidative-related diseases. Graphical abstract The phytochemical, antioxidant and trace element composition of crude ethanol extract, hexane, butanol, aqueous and ethylacetate extracts of Kigelia africana fruit were determined. The fruit extracts were found to possess good antioxidant activity, maximum acceptable amount of essential trace elements as well as the presence of bioactive phytochemicals. K. africana fruit would be an ideal candidate in improving human health and thus the management of oxidative-related diseases such as diabetes, by involving in the antioxidant defense system against free radical generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oladapo F Fagbohun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, First Technical University, Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria.
| | - Olusegun O Babalola
- Department of Biochemistry, Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU), Ile-Ife, Osun, Nigeria
| | - Femi K Agboola
- Department of Biochemistry, Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU), Ile-Ife, Osun, Nigeria
| | - Jitcy S Joseph
- Department of Life and Consumer Sciences, University of South Africa (UNISA), Florida Park, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Department of Toxicology and Biochemistry, The National Institute of Occupational Health, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Sibusiso Malindisa
- Department of Life and Consumer Sciences, University of South Africa (UNISA), Florida Park, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Titus A M Msagati
- Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability Research Unit, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa (UNISA), Florida Park, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Mayasula VK, Arunachalam A, Sellappan S, Guvvala PR, Naidu SJ, Dintaran P, Bhatta R. Organic Zn and Cu supplementation imprints on seminal plasma mineral, biochemical/ antioxidant activities and its relationship to spermatozoal characteristics in bucks. Reprod Biol 2020; 20:220-228. [PMID: 32156534 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2020.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to study the effect of mineral supplementation on seminal plasma minerals level, biochemical constituents and total antioxidant capacity of Osmanabadi bucks. The study comprised of forty healthy bucks, aged five months were randomly assigned to ten groups (n = 4 per group). The control group was fed with a basal diet without any additional mineral supplementation. In addition to basal diet, treatment bucks were supplemented with three graded doses of organic Zinc (Zn) as 20, 40 and 60 mg/kg dry matter (DM); organic Copper (Cu) as 12.5, 25, 37.5 mg/ kg DM and combination of Zn + Cu as Zn20+Cu12.5, Zn40+Cu25, Zn60+Cu37.5 mg /kg DM basis respectively. Minerals were supplemented for 8 months and the separated seminal plasma used for analysis of minerals, biochemical profile, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), lipid peroxidation (LPO), and protein carbonylation (PC). In treatment groups, significantly lower LPO and PC were observed, except Zn60 and Zn60+Cu37.5, where higher malondialdehyde (MDA) (P < 0.05) formed. The TAC was relatively higher (P < 0.05) in Zn20, Zn40, Cu12.5 and Zn60+Cu37.5 than control. The minerals and biochemical parameters were significantly altered and positive relationship was observed among them. From this study, it was concluded that supplemented minerals changed the seminal plasma minerals profile (Zn- 7-13; Cu- 0.5-1.9 mg/L), reduced the stress (LPO and PC of control Vs treatment as 0.3 Vs 0.1 nmol/ml and 25.7 Vs 4.3 nmol protein carbonyl/mg protein), which improved the sperm quality in Zn40, all Cu treatments and Zn60+Cu37.5 groups respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkata Krishnaiah Mayasula
- Reproductive Physiology Lab, Animal Physiology Division, Indian Council of Agriculture Research (ICAR)-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology (NIANP), Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560030, India; Department of Biotechnology, Jain University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Arangasamy Arunachalam
- Reproductive Physiology Lab, Animal Physiology Division, Indian Council of Agriculture Research (ICAR)-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology (NIANP), Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560030, India.
| | - Selvaraju Sellappan
- Reproductive Physiology Lab, Animal Physiology Division, Indian Council of Agriculture Research (ICAR)-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology (NIANP), Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560030, India
| | - Pushpa Rani Guvvala
- Reproductive Physiology Lab, Animal Physiology Division, Indian Council of Agriculture Research (ICAR)-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology (NIANP), Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560030, India
| | - Sharanya Jeevendra Naidu
- Reproductive Physiology Lab, Animal Physiology Division, Indian Council of Agriculture Research (ICAR)-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology (NIANP), Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560030, India
| | - Pal Dintaran
- Animal Nutrition Division, Indian Council of Agriculture Research (ICAR)-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology (NIANP), Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560030, India
| | - Raghavendra Bhatta
- Director, Indian Council of Agriculture Research (ICAR)-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology (NIANP), Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560030, India
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Ré A, Campos I, Saraiva MJ, Puga J, Keizer JJ, Gonçalves FJM, Pereira JL, Abrantes N. Wildfire effects on two freshwater producers: Combining in-situ and laboratory bioassays. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2020; 194:110361. [PMID: 32126411 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mediterranean forests are highly susceptible to wildfires, which can cause several impacts not only within burnt areas but also on downstream aquatic ecosystems. The ashes' washout from burnt areas by surface runoff can be a diffuse source of toxic substances, such as metals, when reaching the nearby aquatic systems, and can be noxious to aquatic organisms. The present work aimed at assessing the ecotoxicological effects of post-fire contamination on two aquatic producers (the microalgae Raphidocelis subcapitata and the macrophyte Lemna minor) through in-situ bioassays, validating the obtained results with the outcomes of laboratory bioassays with surface water collected simultaneously. Four distinct sites were selected in a basin partially burnt (Ceira river basin; Coimbra district, Portugal) for bioassay deployment: one site upstream the burnt area in the Ceira river (RUS); three sites located under the influence of the burnt area, one immediately downstream of the burnt area in the Ceira river (RDS) and the other two in tributary streams within the burnt area (BS1 and BS2). The in-situ bioassays lasted for 13 days and began following the first post-fire major rain events. Results showed that the microalgae growth rate was able to distinguish the three sites within and downstream of the burnt area (BS1, BS2, RDS) from the site upstream (RUS). By contrast, the macrophytes growth rate only allowed to differentiate between the sites within the burnt area (BS1 and BS2) and those up- and downstream of the burnt area (RUS and RDS). The in-situ results for both species were corroborated with the results of the laboratory experiments, supporting the use of laboratory surrogates for a screening assessment of wildfire impacts in aquatic ecosystems. Direct causal relationships between the observed ecotoxicological effects on R. subcapitata and L. minor and the physical-chemical parameters of the water samples were difficult to establish, although the results suggest (i) a role of differential major and trace metal load in explaining species growth variation; (ii) interaction between metals and/or between metals and other field parameters are likely to modulate the biological responses to the challenges deriving from wildfire runoff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Ré
- Department of Biology and CESAM (Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Isabel Campos
- Earth Surface Processes Team, CESAM and Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Maria J Saraiva
- Earth Surface Processes Team, CESAM and Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - João Puga
- Earth Surface Processes Team, CESAM and Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Jan Jacob Keizer
- Earth Surface Processes Team, CESAM and Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Fernando J M Gonçalves
- Department of Biology and CESAM (Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Joana L Pereira
- Department of Biology and CESAM (Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Nelson Abrantes
- Earth Surface Processes Team, CESAM and Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
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