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Pastacı Özsobacı N, Karataş M, Tunçdemir M, Özcelik D. Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and angiotensin receptor blocker on oxidative stress and metabolism of elements in kidney of STZ-induced diabetic rats. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 751:109851. [PMID: 38065251 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
In diabetes, increased oxidative stress and impaired trace element metabolism play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. The objective of this research was to examine the outcomes of blocking the renin-angiotensin system, using either the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI), perindopril, or the angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor blocker, irbesartan, on oxidative stress and trace element levels such as Zn, Mg, Cu, and Fe in the kidneys of diabetic rats that had been induced with streptozotocin. Thirty-two Wistar albino male rats were equally divided into four groups. The first group was used as a control. The second group of rats developed diabetes after receiving a single intraperitoneal dose of STZ. The third and fourth groups of rats had STZ-induced diabetes and received daily dosages of irbesartan (15 mg/kg b.w/day) and perindopril (6 mg/kg b.w/day) treatment, respectively. Biochemical analysis of the kidneys showed a distinct increase in oxidative stress, indicated by heightened levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, as well as reduced glutathione (GSH) levels in the kidneys of diabetic rats. In the kidneys of diabetic rats, the mean levels of Fe and Cu were found to be significantly higher than those of the control group. Additionally, the mean levels of Zn and Mg were significantly lower in the diabetic rats compared to the control rats. Both perindopril and irbesartan decreased significantly MDA content and increased SOD activities and GSH levels in the kidneys of rats with diabetes. The Zn and Mg concentrations in the kidneys of diabetic rats treated with perindopril and irbesartan were markedly higher than in untreated STZ-diabetic rats, while the Cu and Fe concentrations were significantly lower. The urinary excretion of rats treated with perindopril and irbesartan showed a pronounced increase in Cu levels, along with a significant reduction in Zn and Mg levels. Although diabetic rats demonstrated degenerative morphological alterations in their kidneys, both therapies also improved diabetes-induced histopathological modifications in the kidneys. Finally, the present results suggest that manipulating the levels of Zn, Mg, Cu, and Fe - either through ACE inhibition or by blocking AT1 receptors - could be advantageous in reducing lipid peroxidation and increasing antioxidant concentration in the kidneys of diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nural Pastacı Özsobacı
- Department of Biophysics, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkiye.
| | - Metehan Karataş
- Department of Medical Biology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Matem Tunçdemir
- Department of Medical Biology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Derviş Özcelik
- Department of Biophysics, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkiye; Department of Biophysics, Medical Faculty, Istanbul Arel University, Istanbul, Turkiye
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Wang Z, Zhai J, Zhang T, He L, Ma S, Zuo Q, Zhang G, Wang Y, Guo Y. Canagliflozin ameliorates epithelial-mesenchymal transition in high-salt diet-induced hypertensive renal injury through restoration of sirtuin 3 expression and the reduction of oxidative stress. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 653:53-61. [PMID: 36857900 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.01.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Hypertensive nephropathy is characterized by long-term damage to renal tissues by chronic uncontrolled hypertension, and ultimately leads to the development of renal fibrosis. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) potentially contributes to the promotion of renal fibrosis in chronic kidney disease (CKD). In this study, we investigated the potential roles of canagliflozin (Cana) on renal EMT and oxidative stress through its effects on sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) expression. High-salt diet (HSD)-induced Dahl salt-sensitive rats hypertensive renal injury led to decreased SIRT3 expression and an increase in EMT and oxidative stress. In contrast, Cana administration rescued SIRT3 expression, decreased both EMT and levels of oxidative stress, and ameliorated renal injury. Furthermore, we compared the antihypertensive and renoprotective properties of Cana when combined with irbesartan (Irb), a renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blocker. We concluded that administration of Cana in combination with Irb had a significantly greater effect in lowering systolic blood pressure when compared to Cana monotherapy. However, no statistical differences were observed between combined therapy and monotherapy groups with regards to the lowering of diastolic blood pressure and renoprotection. Utilizing the human renal proximal tubular epithelial cell line (HK-2), Angiotensin II (AngⅡ) induced HK-2 negatively regulated the expression of SIRT3, FOXO3a, catalase, and promoted EMT, all of which were reversed by Cana. Furthermore, SIRT3 silencing abolished Cana-mediated rescue of forkhead box O3a (FOXO3a) and catalase expression and Cana-mediated suppression of EMT in AngⅡ induced HK-2. Taken together, Cana acts as a renoprotective agent by suppressing EMT in the pathology of renal fibrosis via interaction with the SIRT3-FOXO3a pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongli Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China; Department of Physical Examination Center, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jianlong Zhai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China; Department of Cardiology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China; Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Lili He
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Sai Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Qingjuan Zuo
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Guorui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Hospital of Shijiazhuang City Affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yifang Guo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China; Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
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