151
|
Linkov F, Shubnikov E, LaPorte R, Ramanathan R, Hamad G, Courcoulas A, Bovbjerg DH. O4-5.3 Epidemiology and the prevention of cancer by tackling the obesity epidemic: traditional and novel approaches. Br J Soc Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/jech.2011.142976b.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
152
|
Kurzyński P, Paterek T, Ramanathan R, Laskowski W, Kaszlikowski D. Correlation complementarity yields bell monogamy relations. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 106:180402. [PMID: 21635070 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.106.180402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We present a method to derive Bell monogamy relations by connecting the complementarity principle with quantum nonlocality. The resulting monogamy relations are stronger than those obtained from the no-signaling principle alone. In many cases, they yield tight quantum bounds on the amount of violation of single and multiple qubit correlation Bell inequalities. In contrast with the two-qubit case, a rich structure of possible violation patterns is shown to exist in the multipartite scenario.
Collapse
|
153
|
Ramanathan R, Mancini RA, Dady GA. Effects of pyruvate, succinate, and lactate enhancement on beef longissimus raw color. Meat Sci 2011; 88:424-8. [PMID: 21345606 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2011.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2010] [Revised: 01/20/2011] [Accepted: 01/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Beef strip loins (n=30) were divided into halves, and each half was assigned randomly to one of four injection enhancements: (1) non-enhanced control, (2) 3% pyruvate, (3) 3% succinate, and (4) 3% lactate. Steaks were cut and packaged in either vacuum, high oxygen (80% O(2)/20% CO(2)), or PVC. Color and lipid oxidation were measured on days 0, 5, and 13 of storage at 1°C. Enhancement had a significant effect on steak pH. On day 13 of storage, steaks enhanced with lactate, pyruvate, and succinate were less discolored (P<0.05) than control steaks in PVC and high oxygen. Enhancement darkened steaks (P<0.05) compared with control steaks. Succinate had the greatest and pyruvate had the least metmyoglobin-reducing activity (P<0.05). Lactate and pyruvate decreased the TBARS values of steaks packaged in PVC (P<0.05) whereas pyruvate was most effective for lowering lipid oxidation in high-oxygen packaging.
Collapse
|
154
|
Claure N, Bancalari E, D'Ugard C, Nelin L, Stein M, Ramanathan R, Hernandez R, Donn SM, Becker M, Bachman T. Multicenter crossover study of automated control of inspired oxygen in ventilated preterm infants. Pediatrics 2011; 127:e76-83. [PMID: 21187305 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2010-0939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the efficacy and safety of automated adjustment of the fraction of inspired oxygen (Fio(2)) adjustment in maintaining arterial oxygen saturation (Spo(2)) within an intended range for mechanically ventilated preterm infants with frequent episodes of decreased Spo(2). METHODS Thirty-two infants (gestational age [median and interquartile range]: 25 weeks [24-27 weeks]; age: 27 days [17-36 days]) were studied during 2 consecutive 24-hour periods, one with Fio(2) adjusted by clinical staff members (manual) and the other by an automated system (automated), in random sequence. RESULTS Time with Spo(2) within the intended range (87%-93%) increased significantly during the automated period, compared with the manual period (40% ± 14% vs 32% ± 13% [mean ± SD]). Times with Spo(2) of >93% or >98% were significantly reduced during the automated period (21% ± 20% vs 37% ± 12% and 0.7% vs 5.6% [interquartile ranges: 0.1%-7.2% and 2.7%-11.2%], respectively). Time with Spo(2) of <87% increased significantly during the automated period (32% ± 12% vs 23% ± 9%), with more-frequent episodes with Spo(2) between 80% and 86%, whereas times with Spo(2) of <80% or <75% did not differ between periods. Hourly median Fio(2) values throughout the automated period were lower and there were substantially fewer manual Fio(2) changes (10 ± 9 vs 112 ± 59 changes per 24 hours; P < .001), compared with the manual period. CONCLUSIONS In infants with fluctuations in Spo(2), automated Fio(2) adjustment improved maintenance of the intended Spo(2) range led to reduced time with high Spo(2) and more-frequent episodes with Spo(2) between 80% and 86%.
Collapse
|
155
|
Suman S, Mancini R, Joseph P, Ramanathan R, Konda M, Dady G, Yin S. Packaging-specific influence of chitosan on color stability and lipid oxidation in refrigerated ground beef. Meat Sci 2010; 86:994-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2010.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2010] [Revised: 07/29/2010] [Accepted: 08/10/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
156
|
Gorbatiy V, Castle SM, Ramanathan R, Leveillee RJ. Imaging and focal therapy in prostate and kidney cancer. Panminerva Med 2010; 52:297-306. [PMID: 21183890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The advancement of imaging modalities in the past two decades has led to the increased incidence of small renal masses. This same technology is making nephron-sparing treatment of small renal masses much more feasible and precise. The goal of this manuscript is to review the currently available imaging modalities utilized in focal treatment and follow-up of small renal masses.
Collapse
|
157
|
Ramanathan R, Mancini R. Effects of pyruvate on bovine heart mitochondria-mediated metmyoglobin reduction. Meat Sci 2010; 86:738-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2010.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2010] [Revised: 06/02/2010] [Accepted: 06/11/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
158
|
Moawad N, Guido R, Ramanathan R, Mansuria S, Lee T. Comparison of Anterior Discoid Resection and Low Anterior Resection of Deep Infiltrating Rectovaginal Endometriosis. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2010.08.372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
159
|
Zamboni W, Wu H, La-Beck N, Gehrig P, Song G, Walsh M, Gabizon A, Ramanathan R, Caron W. 24 Factors affecting the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of nanoparticle and nanosomal anticancer agents. EJC Suppl 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(10)71727-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
160
|
Zairul A, Vicknesh A, Zulkefli A, Ramanathan R. Conservative Treatment in Patients With Type 2 Odontoid Fracture - Functional Outcome Following Halovest Immobilization. Malays Orthop J 2010. [DOI: 10.5704/moj.1007.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
|
161
|
Haga N, Forte M, Ramanathan R, Saimi Y, Takahashi M, Kung C. Purification of a soluble protein controlling ca channel activity in paramecium. Biophys J 2010; 45:130-2. [PMID: 19431538 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3495(84)84136-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
|
162
|
Sardesai SR, Kornacka MK, Walas W, Ramanathan R. Iatrogenic skin injury in the neonatal intensive care unit. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2010; 24:197-203. [PMID: 20540679 DOI: 10.3109/14767051003728245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Although neonatal care has become more and more meticulous with significant changes in technology in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in the past 50 years, iatrogenic cutaneous injuries continue to occur. Although the incidence of severe injuries is decreasing because the more difficult procedures are being replaced by improved techniques, skin injuries have not yet been completely eliminated. However, the nature and causes of cutaneous injuries have changed, and the injuries are frequent but generally minor. The major risk factors are low birth weight, gestational age, length of stay, a central venous line, mechanical ventilation, and support with continuous positive airway pressure. The rate of iatrogenic events is about 57% at gestational ages of 24-27 weeks, compared with 3% at term. There are no current comprehensive reviews of iatrogenic cutaneous injury. The purpose of this review is to describe the iatrogenic cutaneous injuries that may occur in the newborns as a consequence of perinatal and postnatal medical procedures. With increased survival of extremely-low-birth-weight (ELBW) infants and changing modes of management in the NICU, neonatologists must make every effort to recognize injuries and prevent their occurrence in the NICU.
Collapse
|
163
|
Mancini R, Ramanathan R, Suman S, Konda M, Joseph P, Dady G, Naveena B, López-López I. Effects of lactate and modified atmospheric packaging on premature browning in cooked ground beef patties. Meat Sci 2010; 85:339-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2010.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2009] [Revised: 01/27/2010] [Accepted: 02/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
164
|
Mancini R, Suman S, Konda M, Ramanathan R, Joseph P, Beach C. Mass spectrometric investigations on lactate adduction to equine myoglobin. Meat Sci 2010; 85:363-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2010.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2009] [Revised: 12/10/2009] [Accepted: 02/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
165
|
Suman S, Mancini R, Joseph P, Ramanathan R, Konda M, Dady G, Naveena B, López-López I. Color-stabilizing effect of lactate on ground beef is packaging-dependent. Meat Sci 2010; 84:329-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2009.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2009] [Revised: 08/10/2009] [Accepted: 08/28/2009] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
166
|
Zulkefli A, Adrian YHL, Zairul AKB, Ramanathan R. Surgical Site Infection Following Posterior Instrumented Surgery for Thoracolumbar Burst Fractures. Malays Orthop J 2009. [DOI: 10.5704/moj.0911.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
|
167
|
Zulkefli A, Jeyasilan K, Zairul AKB, Ramanathan R. Comparison of Fusion Rate Between Autogenous Tricortical Iliac Crest Bone Graft and Hydroxyapatite Block Graft in Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion Surgery. Malays Orthop J 2009. [DOI: 10.5704/moj.0911.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
|
168
|
Ramanathan R, Mancini RA, Naveena BM, Konda MKR. Effects of lactate-enhancement on surface reflectance and absorbance properties of beef longissimus steaks. Meat Sci 2009; 84:219-26. [PMID: 20374778 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2009.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2009] [Revised: 06/15/2009] [Accepted: 08/10/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A completely randomized block design was used to assess the effects of lactate-enhancement on surface reflectance and absorbance properties of beef longissimus steaks. Loins were divided into sections, assigned to one of four treatments (non-enhanced day 0, non-enhanced day 5, water-enhanced, and 3% lactate), vacuum packaged, stored for 5 days at 4 degrees C, and then cut into steaks that were used to prepare 100% of deoxy-, oxy-, met-, and carboxymyoglobin according to AMSA (1991). Surface color was analyzed using a HunterLab Miniscan Plus Spectrocolorimeter. Lactate-enhanced steaks had the least overall surface reflectance and the darkest surface color (lower L*; P<0.05). For 100% of each myoglobin form, K/S values and ratios (isobestic wavelengths/525 nm) at 474, 525, 572, and 610 also were influenced by lactate-enhancement. Hence, when estimating surface myoglobin forms using K/S ratios, separate 100% myoglobin reference standards should be prepared from both non-enhanced and enhanced steaks.
Collapse
|
169
|
Noori S, Patel D, Friedlich P, Siassi B, Seri I, Ramanathan R. Effects of low oxygen saturation limits on the ductus arteriosus in extremely low birth weight infants. J Perinatol 2009; 29:553-7. [PMID: 19461594 DOI: 10.1038/jp.2009.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Postnatal increase in oxygen promotes constriction of the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). According to the findings of prospective observational studies, the clinical practice of targeting lower fractional oxygen saturation between 70 and 90% has been associated with a reduced incidence of severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) without affecting survival or neurodevelopmental disability at 1 year of age. Our objective was to investigate the impact of the use of a lower oxygen saturation target range on the incidence of early hemodynamically significant PDA (hsPDA) and the need for ductal ligation in extremely low birth weight (ELBW, <1000 g) infants. STUDY DESIGN In this retrospective study, we analyzed data from 263 ELBW infants managed 4 years before (episode I: target oxygen saturation 89 to 94%) and after (episode II: target oxygen saturation 83 to 89%) implementation of the use of lower oxygen saturation limits in two neonatal intensive care units. Infants with a birth weight of 1000 to 1500 g were managed with the same oxygen saturation target range (89 to 94%) during both episodes, and they served as controls. Parametric and nonparametric tests were used as appropriate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to correct for confounders. RESULTS There was an increase in the incidence of hsPDA (63.2 vs 74.8%, P=0.043), without an increase in the need for surgical ligation (24.2 vs 29.9%, P=0.3) after implementation of the lower oxygen saturation target range policy. After adjusting for confounders, there was an increase in the odds of having an hsPDA (odds ratio (OR) 1.77, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.03 to 3.06), P=0.04) but the odds for ductal ligation did not change in episode II (OR 1.25, 95% CI (0.70 to 2.25), P=0.4). The incidence of ROP > or = stage III (50.7 vs 15.7%; P<0.0001) and the need for laser ablation (33.8% vs 8.7%; P<0.0001) were significantly reduced. There was no change in the incidence of hsPDA or ductal ligation in the control group. CONCLUSION Targeting lower oxygen saturation limits to minimize periods of hyperoxemia in ELBW infants reduced the incidence of severe ROP and the need for laser ablation. The incidence of early hsPDA was increased; however, final closure rate and the incidence of surgical ligation of the ductus arteriosus were not affected.
Collapse
|
170
|
Cayabyab RG, Jones CA, Kwong KYC, Hendershott C, Lecart C, Minoo P, Ramanathan R. Interleukin-1β in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of premature neonates: a marker for maternal chorioamnionitis and predictor of adverse neonatal outcome. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2009; 14:205-11. [PMID: 14694976 DOI: 10.1080/jmf.14.3.205.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether the presence of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1beta in the lungs of preterm infants immediately after birth was associated with maternal inflammation and could predict adverse neonatal outcome. STUDY DESIGN Prospective evaluation of serially obtained tracheal aspirates for the presence of IL-1beta in 25 preterm infants (birth weight 595-1700 g; gestational age 24-32 weeks) with respiratory distress syndrome. The initial tracheal aspirate was obtained within 1 h after delivery. RESULTS An initial tracheal aspirate positive for IL-1beta had a highly significant correlation with documented maternal chorioamnionitis for the given patient. In addition, the presence of IL-1beta correlated significantly with elevated total cell count (2.62 vs. 0.96 x 10(6)/ml, p = 0.0097), granulocyte count (2.12 vs. 0.22 x 10(6)/ml, p = 0.001), macrophage count (0.28 vs. 0.01 x 10(6)/ml, p = 0.02) and the presence of proinflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha. Preterm neonates positive for IL-1beta in their initial sample were on prolonged assisted ventilation (38 vs. 16 days, p = 0.013) and oxygen supplementation (62 vs. 40.5 days, p = 0.0462) and required prolonged hospitalization (69 vs. 46 days, p = 0.0165). CONCLUSIONS The concentration of IL-1beta in the initial tracheal aspirate obtained from the lungs of preterm infants within the first hour of life may serve as a marker of antenatal/perinatal inflammation, probably due to maternal chorioamnionitis, and could predict an adverse clinical course and short-term outcome.
Collapse
|
171
|
Jackson P, Paquette L, Watiker V, Randolph L, Ramanathan R, Seri I. Intrauterine exposure to mycophenolate mofetil and multiple congenital anomalies in a newborn: Possible teratogenic effect. Am J Med Genet A 2009; 149A:1231-6. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.32715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
172
|
Von Hoff DD, Ramanathan R, Borad M, Laheru D, Smith L, Wood T, Korn R, Desai N, Iglesias J, Hidalgo M. SPARC correlation with response to gemcitabine (G) plus nab-paclitaxel (nab-P) in patients with advanced metastatic pancreatic cancer: A phase I/II study. J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.4525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
4525 Background: Pancreatic cancer cells and surrounding stroma are known to overexpress SPARC (secreted protein acid rich in cysteine), which is associated with poor clinical outcomes. nab-P, an albumin-bound nanoparticle form of paclitaxel increased tumor accumulation of paclitaxel through binding of albumin to SPARC. This disease specific phase 1 study was designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of G + nab-P and the correlation of response with tumor SPARC and serum CA19–9 levels. Methods: nab-P doses (100–150 mg/m2) + (G) (1000 mg/m2) were given on days 1, 8, and 15 of a 28-day cycle to pts with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma and with no prior chemotherapy for their metastatic disease. Level 3 SPARC staining by immunohistochemistry was considered positive. Results: 63 pts received treatment. The most common grade 3 and 4 adverse event that occurred in >20% of pts was neutropenia. Nine (18%) pts and 4 (8%) pts had a grade 3/4 event, respectively. Neuropathy was also observed. One combination-associated death due to sepsis occurred at the 150 mg/m2 nab-P level. Serial PET scans of 53 pts with outside adjudication to date showed 12 (23%) complete responses, 29 (55%) partial responses (PRs) and 4 (8%) stable disease (SD). By RECIST criteria, of the 49 pts evaluable to date, 1(2%) had CR, 12 (24%) had PR, and 20 (41%) had SD. The median survival was 9 months to date. SPARC data were available for 35 pts, of which 10 (29%) were SPARC+ and 25 (71%) were SPARC-. Of these, 27 pts had evaluable response data. Pts that were SPARC+ (8/27) were more likely to be responders (6/8, 75%) than pts who were SPARC- (5/19, 26%), P = 0.03, Fisher's exact test. Median progression-free survival (PFS) increased from 4.8 months for SPARC- pts (22 pts) to 6.2 months for SPARC+ pts (9 pts); however, these data are still immature. Of 45 pts with elevated CA19–9 at baseline, 42 (93%) had maximum decrease of >40% with a median maximum decrease of 92%. Conclusions: The combination of nab-P and G was generally well tolerated and had substantial enough antitumor activity in patients with pancreatic cancer to warrant a phase III clinical trial. SPARC+ status in these patients was associated with higher response rate and longer PFS. [Table: see text]
Collapse
|
173
|
Pant S, Hostetter G, Armstrong B, Bittner M, Shack S, Savage S, Weiss GJ, Ozer H, Ramanathan R. Use of independent genome-wide assays to discover HOXA signature in colon and rectal cancers and validate a role in tumorigenesis. J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e15014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e15014 Background: Rectal cancer differs from colon cancer in terms of prognosis. Here we present genome-wide expression analysis of 79 colon and rectal tumors and gene dosage analysis of 34 archival colorectal tumors in paraffin (FFPE). Methods: Expression data were acquired ( http://expo.intgen.org/geo/home.do ) from Affymetrix experiments analyzed with GeneSpring software version 7.3 (Silicon Genetics, CA). Expression data were normalized ’per chip’ normalized to the 50th percentile of all values; and ’per gene’ normalized to the median expression level across all samples. Expression Project for Oncology (expO) samples included colon (n=50) and rectum (n=29). Differentially expressed genes were identified by parametric test for which variances were not assumed equal (Welch ANOVA). Array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) were performed separately on an independent set of FFPE colorectal tumors (n=34) by 244 K microarrays for CGH, Agilent Technologies, CA and with platform embedded analyses tools of CGH Analytics software and ADM-1 bioinformatics. Functional assay by knockout of HOXA9 promoter by lentiviral sh-RNAi construct was performed on colon cancer cell lines shown to have increased HOXA9 dosage and expression. Results: The analysis of expO colon and rectal cancers generated 42 genes with significant differential expression, 26 showed an increased expression of > 2 fold in colon versus rectal samples. Transcription factor family HOXA9 was the most highly expressed (3.8 fold) in colon versus rectal cancer. The aCGH data showed a low level gain of the HOXA gene to be the most frequent dosage alteration (38%). Validation by IHC and qRT-PCR showed 80% and 76% concordance, respectively. Functional assay by sh-RNAi in cell lines (compared to vehicle only) showed marked decrease in cellular viability (40 to 60%), marked morphologic change and a significantly increased apoptotic rate. Conclusion: Multiple genome-wide assays have identified HOXA9 as differentially dosed and expressed in colon and rectal tumors. Compelling functional data from sh-RNAi experiments suggests a tumorigenic role for HOXA9 in altered apoptosis. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Collapse
|
174
|
Ramanathan R. Animal-derived surfactants: where are we? The evidence from randomized, controlled clinical trials. J Perinatol 2009; 29 Suppl 2:S38-43. [PMID: 19399008 DOI: 10.1038/jp.2009.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Animal-derived surfactants, as well as synthetic surfactants, have been extensively evaluated in the treatment of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in preterm infants. Three commonly available animal-derived surfactants in the United States include beractant (BE), calfactant (CA) and poractant alfa (PA). Multiple comparative studies have been performed using these three surfactants. Prospective as well as retrospective studies comparing BE and CA have shown no significant differences in clinical or economic outcomes. Randomized, controlled clinical trials have shown that treatment with PA is associated with rapid weaning of oxygen and ventilatory pressures, fewer additional doses, cost benefits and survival advantage when compared with BE or CA. Recently, a study using an administrative database that included over 20,000 preterm infants has shown a significant decrease in mortality and cost benefits in favor of PA, when compared with BE or CA. Differences in outcomes between these animal-derived surfactants may be related to a higher amount of phospholipids and plasmalogens in PA. To date, animal-derived surfactants seem to be better than synthetic surfactants during the acute phase of RDS and in decreasing neonatal mortality. Further studies are needed comparing animal-derived surfactants with the newer generation of synthetic surfactants.
Collapse
|
175
|
Ramanathan R, Konda M, Mancini R, Faustman C. Species-Specific Effects of Sarcoplasmic Extracts on Lipid Oxidationin vitro. J Food Sci 2009; 74:C73-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.01021.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|