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Zhu B, Hua F, Yang C. Disturbance of autophagic pathway may be involved in the diabetes-induced oxidative response in brain. Hum Exp Toxicol 2015; 35:793. [PMID: 26424771 DOI: 10.1177/0960327115597987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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177
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Busschaert P, Frans I, Crauwels S, Zhu B, Willems K, Bossier P, Michiels C, Verstrepen K, Lievens B, Rediers H. Comparative genome sequencing to assess the genetic diversity and virulence attributes of 15 Vibrio anguillarum isolates. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2015; 38:795-807. [PMID: 25073650 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Revised: 06/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio anguillarum is the causative agent of vibriosis, a deadly haemorrhagic septicaemic disease affecting various marine and fresh/brackish water fish, bivalves and crustaceans. However, the diversity and virulence mechanisms of this pathogen are still insufficiently known. In this study, we aimed to increase our understanding of V. anguillarum diversity and virulence through comparative genome analysis of 15 V. anguillarum strains, obtained from different hosts or non-host niches and geographical regions, among which 10 and 5 strains were found to be virulent and avirulent, respectively, against sea bass larvae. First, the 15 draft genomes were annotated and screened for putative virulence factors, including genes encoding iron uptake systems, transport systems and non-ribosomal peptide synthetases. Second, comparative genome analysis was performed, focusing on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and small insertions and deletions (InDels). Five V. anguillarum strains showed a remarkably high nucleotide identity. However, these strains comprise both virulent and avirulent strains towards sea bass larvae, suggesting that differences in virulence may be caused by subtle nucleotide variations. Clearly, the draft genome sequence of these 15 strains represents a starting point for further genetic research of this economically important fish pathogen.
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Jiang Y, Li Y, Zhu B. T-cell exhaustion in the tumor microenvironment. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e1792. [PMID: 26086965 PMCID: PMC4669840 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 640] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Revised: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
T-cell exhaustion was originally identified during chronic infection in mice, and was subsequently observed in humans with cancer. The exhausted T cells in the tumor microenvironment show overexpressed inhibitory receptors, decreased effector cytokine production and cytolytic activity, leading to the failure of cancer elimination. Restoring exhausted T cells represents an inspiring strategy for cancer treatment, which has yielded promising results and become a significant breakthrough in the cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we overview the updated understanding on the exhausted T cells in cancer and their potential regulatory mechanisms and discuss current therapeutic interventions targeting exhausted T cells in clinical trials.
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Zhu B, Sevick-Muraca EM. A review of performance of near-infrared fluorescence imaging devices used in clinical studies. Br J Radiol 2015; 88:20140547. [PMID: 25410320 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20140547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) molecular imaging holds great promise as a new "point-of-care" medical imaging modality that can potentially provide the sensitivity of nuclear medicine techniques, but without the radioactivity that can otherwise place limitations of usage. Recently, NIRF imaging devices of a variety of designs have emerged in the market and in investigational clinical studies using indocyanine green (ICG) as a non-targeting NIRF contrast agent to demark the blood and lymphatic vasculatures both non-invasively and intraoperatively. Approved in the USA since 1956 for intravenous administration, ICG has been more recently used off label in intradermal or subcutaneous administrations for fluorescence imaging of the lymphatic vasculature and lymph nodes. Herein, we summarize the devices of a variety of designs, summarize their performance in lymphatic imaging in a tabular format and comment on necessary efforts to develop standards for device performance to compare and use these emerging devices in future, NIRF molecular imaging studies.
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Edson-Heredia E, Banerjee S, Zhu B, Maeda-Chubachi T, Cameron G, Shen W, Heffernan M, Gordon K, Leonardi C. A high level of clinical response is associated with improved patient-reported outcomes in psoriasis: analyses from a phase 2 study in patients treated with ixekizumab. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2015; 30:864-5. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.13032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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181
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Al Sawah S, Zhang X, Zhu B, Magder LS, Foster SA, Iikuni N, Petri M. Effect of corticosteroid use by dose on the risk of developing organ damage over time in systemic lupus erythematosus-the Hopkins Lupus Cohort. Lupus Sci Med 2015; 2:e000066. [PMID: 25861455 PMCID: PMC4378372 DOI: 10.1136/lupus-2014-000066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Revised: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The impact of corticosteroids on the risk of organ damage in the context of clinical end points endorsed in some systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) clinical trials is underexplored. Methods We analysed data from the Hopkins Lupus Cohort using Cox proportional hazards models to understand the impact of exposure to different corticosteroid doses on the risk of developing any new organ damage or any new organ damage at the individual organ systems over time. Results Mean prior prednisone dose, recent disease activity and immunosuppressant use during follow-up, as well as organ damage score at cohort entry, were significant independent predictors of the risk of developing any new organ damage. Even after adjustment for recent disease activity, there was a dose-response relationship across the different levels of exposure to prednisone during follow-up and the risk of developing any new organ damage. The risk more than doubled in patients exposed to a mean prior prednisone dose of ≥20 mg/day versus <7.5 mg/day (HR=2.514, p<0.001). It was estimated that a 1 mg/day increase in prior prednisone dose during follow-up was associated with a 2.8% increase in the risk of developing new organ damage. For individual organ systems, exposure to a mean prior prednisone dose of ≥7.5 mg/day versus <7.5 mg/day significantly increased the risk of developing cataracts (HR=2.41, p<0.001), osteoporotic fractures (HR=2.16, p<0.001) and cardiovascular damage (HR=1.54, p=0.041), but showed no significant difference for renal damage (HR=1.44, p=0.163) or for other individual organ systems. Conclusions Organ damage in SLE is multifactorial; corticosteroid treatment and disease activity play a role.
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182
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Edson-Heredia E, Zhu B, Guo J, Maeda-Chubachi T, Lebwohl M. Disease burden and quality of life in psoriasis patients with and without comorbid psoriatic arthritis: results from National Psoriasis Foundation panel surveys. Cutis 2015; 95:173-178. [PMID: 25844782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The comorbidity profile and overall disease impact are not well understood in psoriasis with and without comorbid psoriatic arthritis (PsA). The objective of this study was to compare disease characteristics, comorbidities, and psoriasis-related quality of life (QOL) in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis with and without comorbid PsA using results from National Psoriasis Foundation (NPF) surveys. The study included 3395 and 2072 patients with psoriasis alone and psoriasis with PsA, respectively. The results showed the burden of psoriasis either independently or with comorbid PsA. As severity of psoriasis increased, patient health and QOL were found to decline.
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Langley R, Rich P, Menter A, Krueger G, Goldblum O, Dutronc Y, Zhu B, Wei H, Cameron G, Heffernan M. Improvement of scalp and nail lesions with ixekizumab in a phase 2 trial in patients with chronic plaque psoriasis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2015; 29:1763-70. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.12996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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184
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Zhu B, Yin L, Zhang J. Glutathione S-transferase polymorphisms in varicocele patients: a meta-analysis. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2015; 14:18851-8. [DOI: 10.4238/2015.december.28.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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185
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Edson-Heredia E, Zhu B, Lefevre C, Wang M, Barrett A, Bushe C, Cox A, Wu J, Maeda-Chubachi T. Prevalence and incidence rates of cardiovascular, autoimmune, and other diseases in patients with psoriatic or psoriatic arthritis: a retrospective study using Clinical Practice Research Datalink. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2014; 29:955-63. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.12742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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186
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Zhu B, Edson-Heredia E, Guo J, Maeda-Chubachi T, Shen W, Kimball AB. Itching is a significant problem and a mediator between disease severity and quality of life for patients with psoriasis: results from a randomized controlled trial. Br J Dermatol 2014; 171:1215-9. [PMID: 24749812 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.13065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis, health-related quality of life (HRQOL) has been shown to improve in parallel with improvement in disease severity. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the role of pruritus (itch) in mediating the relationship between improvements in disease severity and HRQOL. METHODS Data from a phase 2 clinical trial, in which 142 patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis received ixekizumab or placebo, were used for this posthoc analysis. Relationships between improvement in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI), Itch Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), as well as in individual DLQI domains (symptoms and feelings, treatment, work and school, daily activities, leisure, and personal relationships) from baseline to week 16 were determined. Multiple hierarchical linear regressions and Sobel tests were conducted to evaluate the results. RESULTS Improvement in PASI was highly correlated with pruritus improvement and improvements in DLQI total and domain scores at week 16 (P < 0·01). Multiple hierarchical linear regression analyses showed a statistically significant (P < 0·01) association between improvement in pruritus and improvement in DLQI total score and each of the six DLQI domain scores after adjusting for improvement in PASI. Sobel tests indicated that pruritus had a significant mediation effect (P < 0·05) on the association of PASI improvement with improvement in DLQI total score and all domains except the personal relationships score. CONCLUSIONS Pruritus appears to be an important mediator of the association between improvements in disease severity and HRQOL in patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis.
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Zhu B, Davie JK. New insights into signalling-pathway alterations in rhabdomyosarcoma. Br J Cancer 2014; 112:227-31. [PMID: 25211658 PMCID: PMC4453439 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Revised: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft-tissue sarcoma in children and young adults. Several recent studies have shed new light on the alterations in signalling pathways and the downstream effects of these pathway alterations in RMS. Many of these effects converge on the fibroblast growth factor and insulin-like growth-factor pathways. These new findings improve the current understanding of RMS, thus offering novel potential therapeutic targets and strategies that may improve the outcome for patients with RMS.
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188
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Zhu B, Yan K, Li L, Lin M, Zhang S, He Q, Zheng D, Yang H, Shao G. K63-linked ubiquitination of FANCG is required for its association with the Rap80-BRCA1 complex to modulate homologous recombination repair of DNA interstand crosslinks. Oncogene 2014; 34:2867-78. [PMID: 25132264 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Revised: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
DNA interstrand crosslinks (ICLs) are extremely deleterious lesions that are repaired by homologous recombination (HR) through coordination of Fanconi anemia (FA) proteins and breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1) product, but the exact role these proteins have remains unclear. Here we report that FANCG was modified by the addition of lysine63-linked polyubiquitin chains (K63Ub) in response to DNA damage. We show that FANCG K63Ub was dispensable for monoubiquitination of FANCD2, but was required for FANCG to interact with the Rap80-BRCA1 (receptor-associated protein 80-BRCA1) complex for subsequent modulation of HR repair of ICLs induced by mitomycin C. Mutation of three lysine residues within FANCG to arginine (K182, K258 and K347, 3KR) reduced FANCG K63Ub modification, as well as its interaction with the Rap80-BRCA1 complex, and therefore impeded HR repair. In addition, we demonstrated that K63Ub-modified FANCG was deubiquitinated by BRCC36 complex in vitro and in vivo. Inhibition of BRCC36 resulted in increased K63Ub modification of FANCG. Taken together, our results identify a new role of FANCG in HR repair of ICL through K63Ub-mediated interaction with the Rap80-BRCA1 complex.
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Zhu M, Zhu B, Wang YH, Wu Y, Xu L, Guo LP, Yuan ZR, Zhang LP, Gao X, Gao HJ, Xu SZ, Li JY. Linkage Disequilibrium Estimation of Chinese Beef Simmental Cattle Using High-density SNP Panels. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2014; 26:772-9. [PMID: 25049849 PMCID: PMC4093237 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2012.12721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2012] [Revised: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 02/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Linkage disequilibrium (LD) plays an important role in genomic selection and mapping quantitative trait loci (QTL). In this study, the pattern of LD and effective population size (Ne) were investigated in Chinese beef Simmental cattle. A total of 640 bulls were genotyped with IlluminaBovinSNP50BeadChip and IlluminaBovinHDBeadChip. We estimated LD for each autosomal chromosome at the distance between two random SNPs of <0 to 25 kb, 25 to 50 kb, 50 to 100 kb, 100 to 500 kb, 0.5 to 1 Mb, 1 to 5 Mb and 5 to 10 Mb. The mean values of r2 were 0.30, 0.16 and 0.08, when the separation between SNPs ranged from 0 to 25 kb to 50 to 100 kb and then to 0.5 to 1 Mb, respectively. The LD estimates decreased as the distance increased in SNP pairs, and increased with the increase of minor allelic frequency (MAF) and with the decrease of sample sizes. Estimates of effective population size for Chinese beef Simmental cattle decreased in the past generations and Ne was 73 at five generations ago.
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190
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Swangnetr M, Kaber D, Phimphasak C, Namkorn P, Saenlee K, Zhu B, Puntumetakul R. The influence of rice plow handle design and whole-body posture on grip force and upper-extremity muscle activation. ERGONOMICS 2014; 57:1526-1535. [PMID: 25026124 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2014.934301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED A previous job screening study revealed ergonomics risk factors in rice field plowing. This work motivated the present experimental investigation of the influence of plow handle design and farmer whole-body posture on grip force and arm muscle activity. A total of 24 experienced farmers performed a simulated plowing task, including walking on even and uneven ground while rolling a tiller equipped with conventional horizontal and proposed vertical handles. Results revealed the proposed handles, designed to promote neutral wrist posture, to increase upper-arm muscle use between 47% and 70% across ground types, as compared with conventional handles. The ratio of grip force to forearm muscle activity (or efficiency in muscle use) increased from 1.85 when using conventional handles on uneven ground to 2.16 when using the proposed handles with symmetrical body posture on even ground. However, participants perceived higher discomfort when using the proposed handles, as they were accustomed to the conventional design. PRACTITIONER SUMMARY The findings of this work may be used to educate farmers on the potential for hand and arm injury in rice cultivation activities. Results may also provide a basis for redesign of existing tiller handles to promote neutral wrist posture, greater efficiency in muscle use and machine control.
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Ding L, Wu JP, Xu G, Zhu B, Zeng QM, Li DF, Lu W. Lentiviral-mediated RNAi targeting caspase-3 inhibits apoptosis induced by serum deprivation in rat endplate chondrocytes in vitro. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 47:445-51. [PMID: 24878605 PMCID: PMC4086170 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20143198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Current studies find that degenerated cartilage endplates (CEP) of vertebrae, with
fewer diffusion areas, decrease nutrient supply and accelerate intervertebral disc
degeneration. Many more apoptotic cells have been identified in degenerated than in
normal endplates, and may be responsible for the degenerated grade. Previous findings
suggest that inhibition of apoptosis is one possible approach to improve disc
regeneration. It is postulated that inhibition of CEP cell apoptosis may be
responsible for the regeneration of endplates. Caspase-3, involved in the execution
phase of apoptosis, is a candidate for regulating the apoptotic process. In the
present study, CEP cells were incubated in 1% fetal bovine serum. Activated caspases
were detected to identify the apoptotic pathway, and apoptosis was quantified by flow
cytometry. Lentiviral caspase-3 short hairpin RNA (shRNA) was employed to study its
protective effects against serum deprivation. Silencing of caspase-3 expression was
quantified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blots, and
inhibition of apoptosis was quantified by flow cytometry. Serum deprivation increased
apoptosis of rat CEP cells through activation of a caspase cascade. Lentiviral
caspase-3 shRNA was successfully transduced into CEP cells, and specifically silenced
endogenous caspase-3 expression. Surviving cells were protected by the downregulation
of caspase-3 expression and activation. Thus, lentiviral caspase-3 shRNA-mediated
RNAi successfully silenced endogenous caspase-3 expression, preventing inappropriate
or premature apoptosis.
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192
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Lin CY, Al Sawah S, Zhu B, Wyrwich K, Kawata A, Zhang X, Naegeli A. THU0435 Evaluation of Dimensionality and Sensitivity in Physical Functioning Construct When Combining the Health Assessment Questionnaire with the Sf-36® Health Survey Physical Functioning Scale. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.5254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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193
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Zhu B, Gadway B, Foss-Feig M, Schachenmayer J, Wall ML, Hazzard KRA, Yan B, Moses SA, Covey JP, Jin DS, Ye J, Holland M, Rey AM. Suppressing the loss of ultracold molecules via the continuous quantum Zeno effect. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 112:070404. [PMID: 24579573 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.070404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We investigate theoretically the suppression of two-body losses when the on-site loss rate is larger than all other energy scales in a lattice. This work quantitatively explains the recently observed suppression of chemical reactions between two rotational states of fermionic KRb molecules confined in one-dimensional tubes with a weak lattice along the tubes [Yan et al., Nature (London) 501, 521 (2013)]. New loss rate measurements performed for different lattice parameters but under controlled initial conditions allow us to show that the loss suppression is a consequence of the combined effects of lattice confinement and the continuous quantum Zeno effect. A key finding, relevant for generic strongly reactive systems, is that while a single-band theory can qualitatively describe the data, a quantitative analysis must include multiband effects. Accounting for these effects reduces the inferred molecule filling fraction by a factor of 5. A rate equation can describe much of the data, but to properly reproduce the loss dynamics with a fixed fillingfraction for all lattice parameters we develop a mean-field model and benchmark it with numerically exacttime-dependent density matrix renormalization group calculations.
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Zhao L, Su C, Zhu B, Jia Y. Development and Optimization of Insulin-Chitosan Nanoparticles. TROP J PHARM RES 2014. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v13i1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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195
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Rong YH, Wan ZH, Song H, Li YL, Zhu B, Zang H, Zhao Y, Liu HL, Zhang AM, Xiao L, Xin SJ, You SL. Tim-3 expression on peripheral monocytes and CD3+CD16/CD56+natural killer-like T cells in patients with chronic hepatitis B. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 83:76-81. [PMID: 24397461 DOI: 10.1111/tan.12278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Revised: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the major causes of chronic liver inflammation. Tim-3 acts as a negative regulatory molecule and plays a critical role in immune tolerance. In the current study, we investigated Tim-3 expression on peripheral monocytes and CD3+CD16/CD56+ natural killer like T (NKT-like) cells in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from 52 CHB patients and 60 healthy controls. Tim-3+CD14+ cells and Tim-3+CD3+CD16/CD56+ cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results showed that expression of Tim-3 was significantly increased on both the monocytes and NKT-like cells in CHB patients than in controls (P = 0.002 and P < 0.001, respectively). Tim-3 levels on monocytes and NKT-like cells were further upregulated in patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). In addition, we assessed the correlation of Tim-3 expression with levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). Data revealed that Tim-3 expression on both monocytes and NKT-like cells was positively correlated with level of ALT (r = 0.59, P < 0.001, and r = 0.60, P < 0.001, respectively), whereas Tim-3 expression on NKT-like cells was negatively correlated with serum level of TNF-α (r = -0.54, P < 0.001) in CHB patients. Our results suggest that Tim-3 may play important roles in the pathogenesis of CHB.
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Zhu B, Edson-Heredia E, Cameron G, Shen W, Erickson J, Shrom D, Wang P, Banerjee S, Gordon K. Early clinical response as a predictor of subsequent response to ixekizumab treatment: results from a phase II study of patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis. Br J Dermatol 2013; 169:1337-41. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.12610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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197
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Edson-Heredia E, Zhu B, Banerjee S, Maeda-Chubachi T, Cameron G, Shen W, Gordon K, Dutronc Y, Augendre-Ferrante B, Leonardi C. Une réduction du PAS≥90 % est associée à une amélioration de la qualité de vie et du prurit : résultats d’une étude de phase 2 chez des patients atteints de psoriasis en plaque modéré à sévère, traités par ixekizumab. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2013.09.324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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198
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Guo J, Li G, Tang J, Cao XB, Zhou QY, Fan ZJ, Zhu B, Pan XH. HLA-A2-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitopes from human hepsin as novel targets for prostate cancer immunotherapy. Scand J Immunol 2013; 78:248-57. [PMID: 23721092 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2012] [Accepted: 05/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Hepsin is a type II transmembrane serine protease that is overexpressed in prostate cancer, and it is associated with prostate cancer cellular migration and invasion. Therefore, HPN is a biomarker for prostate cancer. CD8(+) T cells play an important role in tumour immunity. This study predicted and identified HLA-A2-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes in human hepsin protein. HLA-A2-restricted CTL epitopes were identified using the following four-step procedure: (1) a computer program generated predicted epitopes from the amino acid sequence of human hepsin; (2) an HLA-A2-binding assay detected the affinity of the predicted epitopes to the HLA-A2 molecule; (3) the primary T cell response against the predicted epitopes was stimulated in vitro; and (4) the induced CTLs towards different types of hepsin- or HLA-A2-expressing prostate cancer cells were detected. Five candidate peptides were identified. The effectors that were induced by human hepsin epitopes containing residues 229 to 237 (Hpn229; GLQLGVQAV), 268 to 276 (Hpn268; PLTEYIQPV) and 191 to 199 (Hpn199; SLLSGDWVL) effectively lysed LNCaP prostate cancer cells that were hepsin-positive and HLA-A2 matched. These peptide-specific CTLs did not lyse normal liver cells with low hepsin levels. Hpn229, Hpn268 and Hpn199 increased the frequency of IFN-γ-producing T cells compared with the negative peptide. These results suggest that the Hpn229, Hpn268 and Hpn199 epitopes are novel HLA-A2-restricted CTL epitopes that are capable of inducing hepsin-specific CTLs in vitro. Hpn229, Hpn268 and Hpn199 peptide-based vaccines may be useful for immunotherapy in patients with prostate cancer.
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Zhu B, Ferry CH, Blazanin N, Bility MT, Khozoie C, Kang BH, Glick AB, Gonzalez FJ, Peters JM. PPARβ/δ promotes HRAS-induced senescence and tumor suppression by potentiating p-ERK and repressing p-AKT signaling. Oncogene 2013; 33:5348-59. [PMID: 24213576 PMCID: PMC4017002 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Revised: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-β/δ (PPARβ/δ) inhibits skin tumorigenesis through mechanisms that may be dependent on HRAS signaling. The present study examined the hypothesis that PPARβ/δ promotes HRAS-induced senescence resulting in suppression of tumorigenesis. PPARβ/δ expression increased p-ERK and decreased p-AKT activity. Increased p-ERK activity results from the dampened HRAS-induced negative feedback response mediated in part through transcriptional upregulation of RAS guanyl-releasing protein 1 (RASGRP1) by PPARβ/δ. Decreased p-AKT activity results from repression of integrin-linked kinase (ILK) and phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 (PDPK1) expression. Decreased p-AKT activity in turn promotes cellular senescence through upregulation of p53 and p27 expression. Both over-expression of RASGRP1 and shRNA-mediated knockdown of ILK partially restore cellular senescence in Pparβ/δ-null cells. Higher PPARβ/δ expression is also correlated with increased senescence observed in human benign neurofibromas and colon adenoma lesions in vivo. These results demonstrate that PPARβ/δ promotes senescence to inhibit tumorigenesis and provide new mechanistic insights into HRAS-induced cellular senescence.
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Zhu B, Li Y, Li M, Yang X, Qiu B, Gao Q, Liu J, Liu M. Dynamic proteome analysis of spinal cord injury after ischemia-reperfusion in rabbits by two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis. Spinal Cord 2013; 51:610-5. [PMID: 23752265 DOI: 10.1038/sc.2013.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2012] [Revised: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating and common neurologic disorder that has profound influences on modern society from physical, psychosocial and socio-economic perspectives. OBJECTIVES To analyze the dynamic changes in protein expression during SCI after ischemia-reperfusion. METHODS We used two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis combined with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight/time-of-flight MS to give a global analysis of protein dynamic change during SCI after ischemia-reperfusion. Dynamic changes in protein expression were investigated from 6 to 48 h in SCI after ischemia-reperfusion using a proteomics tool. RESULTS Twenty-one proteins were identified in total, including neuronal proteins, glycometabolism enzymes, stress-related proteins and cytoskeleton-related proteins. These were divided into upregulated and downregulated groups. Results identified 24 h as a key time point when all proteins were changed dramatically. In addition, changes in Fascin expression were discovered in SCI for the first time. CONCLUSION In conclusion, we observed dynamic proteome change correlated with SCI by ischemia-reperfusion, and provided a clue to this pathological mechanism by protein identification and analysis.
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