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Schneider S, El-Ouaghlidi A, Härtel I, Nauck M. Korrekturregeln für die zusätzliche Insulingabe bei erhöhten Blutzuckerwerten bei Patienten mit Typ-1-Diabetes. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1098863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Mentis N, Köthe LD, Holst J, Deacon C, Wan Sze Ng V, Theodorakis M, Nawrodt B, Rotenberger K, Nauck M. „Glucose-depedent Insulinotropic Polypeptide“ (GIP) verstärkt die antidiabetischen Wirkungen von "Glucagon-Like Peptide-1" (GLP-1) bei hyperglykämischen Patienten mit Typ 2-Diabetes mellitus nicht. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1221857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Nauck MA, Frid A, Hermansen K, Shah NS, Tankova T, Mitha IH, Düring M, Zdravkovic M, Matthews D, Liebl A. Liraglutid, ein humanes Glucagon-like Peptide (GLP)-1 Analogon zur einmal täglichen Gabe bei Typ 2 Diabetes, bietet im Vergleich zu Glimepirid eine ähnliche Blutzuckereinstellung und reduziert außerdem das Körpergewicht, wenn es zusätzlich zu Metformin gegeben wird. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1221929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Köthe LD, Kjems L, Deacon CF, Holst JJ, Foley J, Rotenberger K, Nauck MA. Insulinotrope Effekte von exogenem GLP-1 [7–36] können durch Exendin [9–39] komplett blockiert werden – die Bedeutung der Zugabe von Albumin in GLP-1 Infusionen um einen schnellen GLP-1 Anstieg sicherzustellen. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1222000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Vardarli I, Blettner M, Nauck MA, Klug SJ. Keine Hinweise für eine Assoziation zwischen dem Pro12Ala-Polymorphismus des PPARγ2-Gens und Typ-2-Diabetes: Eine Meta-Analyse mit 32 Fall-Kontroll-Studien mit 31.475 Personen und signifikanter Heterogenität zwischen den Studien. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1221867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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181
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Vardarli I, Politz T, Schröter W, Nauck MA. Screening auf hereditäre Hämochromatose mittels Transferrinsättigung ist bei stationär behandelten Patienten mit Diabetes kosteneffektiv. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1221826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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182
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Meier JJ, Baller B, Menge BA, Gallwitz B, Schmidt WE, Nauck MA. Excess glycaemic excursions after an oral glucose tolerance test compared with a mixed meal challenge and self-measured home glucose profiles: is the OGTT a valid predictor of postprandial hyperglycaemia and vice versa? Diabetes Obes Metab 2009; 11:213-22. [PMID: 18564177 DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-1326.2008.00922.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Postprandial hyperglycaemia is often assumed in individuals with high glucose excursions during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), but the relationship between glucose levels during the OGTT and after a mixed meal is yet unclear. We addressed whether (i) glucose concentrations after an oral glucose load are similar to those after a test meal or under daily life conditions and (ii) impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) predicts postprandial hyperglycaemia. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 60 subjects with normal (NGT), IGT or diabetic (DM) glucose tolerance were examined with an OGTT, a mixed meal challenge (3433 kJ) and a self-determined 10-point home glucose profile. RESULTS There was a significant correlation between the 120-min OGTT glucose levels and the glycaemic excursions after the test meal and during everyday conditions. However, glucose excursions during the OGTT exceeded those after the test meal and during everyday conditions by approximately 20 and approximately 30% respectively. Likewise, insulin and C-peptide levels rose to higher levels after oral glucose compared with mixed meal ingestion. The mean self-determined diurnal glucose levels were already 10% higher in subjects with IGT compared with NGT subjects (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Glucose levels reached after an oral glucose challenge and during real life are correlated to some extent, but the absolute levels of glycaemia greatly differ between both conditions. Therefore, 'postchallenge' glucose levels measured during an OGTT might be used as a predictor of 'postprandial hyperglycaemia', but caution should be taken when both terms are used synonymously. Furthermore, subjects with IGT during an OGTT already exhibit increased postprandial glucose levels under real-life conditions. This suggests that IGT should already be considered an overt disease condition rather than merely a high-risk situation.
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Matthaei S, Bierwirth R, Fritsche A, Gallwitz B, Häring HU, Joost HG, Kellerer M, Kloos C, Kunt T, Nauck M, Schernthaner G, Siegel E, Thienel F. Medikamentöse antihyperglykämische Therapie des Diabetes mellitus Typ 2. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1098798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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184
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Nauck MA, Ellis GC, Fleck PR, Wilson CA, Mekki Q. Efficacy and safety of adding the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor alogliptin to metformin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin monotherapy: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Int J Clin Pract 2009; 63:46-55. [PMID: 19125992 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-1241.2008.01933.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the efficacy and safety of alogliptin, a new dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, for 26 weeks at once-daily doses of 12.5 and 25 mg in combination with metformin in patients whose HbA(1c) levels were inadequately controlled on metformin alone. METHODS AND PATIENTS Patients with type 2 diabetes and inadequate glycaemic control (HbA(1c) 7.0-10.0%) were randomised to continue a stable daily metformin dose regimen (> or = 1500 mg) plus the addition of placebo (n = 104) or alogliptin at once-daily doses of 12.5 (n = 213) or 25 mg (n = 210). HbA(1c), insulin, proinsulin, C-peptide and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) concentrations were determined over a period of 26 weeks. RESULTS Alogliptin at either dose produced least squares mean (SE) decreases from baseline in HbA(1c) of -0.6 (0.1)% and in FPG of -17.0 (2.5) mg/dl [-1.0 (0.1) mmol/l], decreases that were significantly (p < 0.001) greater than those observed with placebo. The between treatment differences (alogliptin - placebo) in FPG reached statistical significance (p < 0.001) as early as week 1 and persisted for the duration of the study. Overall, adverse events (AEs) observed with alogliptin were not substantially different from those observed with placebo. This includes low event rates for gastrointestinal side effects and hypoglycaemic episodes. There was no dose-related pattern of AE reporting between alogliptin groups and few serious AEs were reported. CONCLUSION Alogliptin is an effective and safe treatment for type 2 diabetes when added to metformin for patients not sufficiently controlled on metformin monotherapy.
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Pratley R, Nauck M, Brett J, Falahati A, Holst J. adding liraglutide to existing therapy improves glycaemic control: evidence from a meta-analysis of six large randomised clinical trials. Can J Diabetes 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1499-2671(09)33266-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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186
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Rosskopf D, Schwahn C, Neumann F, Bornhorst A, Mischke M, Wolf S, Geissler I, Kocher T, Grabe HJ, Nauck M, Hebebrand J, Kroemer HK, Friedrich N, Völzke H, Wallaschofski H. The growth hormone – IGF1 axis as a mediator for association between FTO variants and obesity. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1096330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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187
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Spilcke-Liss E, Friedrich N, Dörr M, Nauck M, Brabant G, Schmincke U, Völzke H, Wallaschofski H. Serum insulin-like growth factor 1, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 and intima media thickness: results of the Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP). Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1096370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Steveling A, Haring R, Felix SB, Nauck M, Dörr M, Völzke H, Wallaschofski H. No association between increased prolactin levels and progression of left ventricular mass in German cohort study. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1096371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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189
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Moock J, Haring R, Kohlmann T, Völzke H, Nauck M, Wallaschofski H. Subjective health and mortality in a population-based cohort: Study of Health In Pomerania (SHIP). Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1096372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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190
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Friedrich N, Haring R, Nauck M, Lüdemann J, Rosskopf D, Spilcke-Liss E, Felix SB, Dörr M, Brabant G, Völzke H, Wallaschofski H. Serum insulin-like growth factor I, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 and mortality: results of the Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP). Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1096369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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191
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Junge T, Fleck S, Albrecht C, Nauck M, Wallaschofski H, Schröder HS. Pituitary dysfunction in patients operated on for non-pituitary intracranial tumors – a retrospectic clinical study. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1096368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Volzke H, Robinson DM, Spielhagen T, Nauck M, Obst A, Ewert R, Wolff B, Wallaschofski H, Felix SB, Dorr M. Are serum thyrotropin levels within the reference range associated with endothelial function? Eur Heart J 2008; 30:217-24. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehn508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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193
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Berndt C, Köthe L, Nawrodt B, Mraz B, Nauck MA. Blutzucker-Nachtprofile mit Wecker und Selbstmessungen gegenüber Fremdmessungen durch spezialisiertes Pflegepersonal: Eine Analyse mittels kontinuierlichem Glucose-Monitoring (GlucoDay® S). DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1076486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Maggs D, MacDonald I, Nauck MA. Glucose homeostasis and the gastrointestinal tract: insights into the treatment of diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab 2008; 10:18-33. [PMID: 17490426 DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-1326.2007.00737.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is increasingly viewed as a critical organ in glucose metabolism because of its role in delivering glucose to the circulation and in secreting multiple glucoregulatory hormones that, in concert with insulin and glucagon, regulate glucose homeostasis. Under normal conditions, a complex interplay of these hormones acts to maintain plasma glucose within a narrow range despite large variations in the availability of glucose, particularly during transition from the fasting to fed state. In the fed state, the rate at which nutrients are passed from the stomach to the duodenum, termed gastric emptying rate, is a key determinant of postprandial glucose flux. In patients with diabetes, the regulation of glucose metabolism is disrupted resulting in fasting and postprandial hyperglycaemia. Elucidation of the role of the gastrointestinal tract, gut-derived glucoregulatory peptides and gastric emptying rate offers a new perspective on glucose homeostasis and the respective importance of these factors in the diabetes state. This review will highlight the importance of the gastrointestinal tract in playing a key role in glucose homeostasis, particularly in the postprandial period, and the role of established or new therapies that either leverage or modify gastrointestinal function to improve glycaemic state.
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Hartmann O, Nauck MA. Insulindosis-Titration und Insulinbedarf bei Patienten mit Typ-2-Diabetes und Kombinationstherapie (Verzögerungsinsulin/Metformin). DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1076366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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196
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Nauck MA, Petrick S, Heinemann L, Haastert B. Randomisierte, prospektive Studie zum Nutzen einer regelmäßigen Blutzucker-Selbstkontrolle bei Patienten mit Typ-2-Diabetes und konventioneller Insulintherapie – Basischarakteristika und Studienfortschritt. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1076371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Schulze H, Golla S, Nagel-Reuper C, Nauck MA. Evaluierung eines modularen Schulungskonzeptes für schulungserfahrene Patienten mit insulinbehandeltem Typ 2 Diabetes. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1076174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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198
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Menge BA, Baller B, Gallwitz B, Schmidt WE, Nauck MA, Meier JJ. Ist der OGTT zur Diagnose einer postprandialen Hyperglykämie geeignet? DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1076188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Voelzke H, Friedrich N, Schipf S, Haring R, Luedemann J, Nauck M, Doerr M, Brabant G, Wallaschofski H. Association between serum IGF-1 levels and thyroid disorders in a population-based study. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-990436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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