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Hernandez Oliveros F, Zou Y, Lopez G, Romero M, Martínez L, González-Reyes S, García A, Peña P, Tovar JA. Critical assessment of the methods used for detection of bacterial translocation. Pediatr Surg Int 2004; 20:267-70. [PMID: 14770328 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-003-1124-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM Bacterial translocation (BT) can be demonstrated by blood and lymph node cultures and also by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection of DNA of enteric bacteria. Aiming at investigating BT after gastrointestinal operations we assessed it on two endpoints after ischemia-reperfusion (IR) or sham operation (SO). METHODS 2 groups of 200-g Brown Norway male rats were treated as follows: SO animals ( n=12) had laparotomy alone and IR animals ( n=12) had successively 15 min clamping of the portal vein and the mesenteric artery. Half the animals in each group were killed on postoperative (p.o.) day 2 the other half on p.o. day 7. Under sterile conditions regional lymph nodes and vena cava and portal vein blood samples were recovered and cultured for aerobes and anaerobes. Escherichia coli beta-galactosidase DNA was assessed in blood samples by PCR. The findings in the two groups were compared by means of chi(2) tests. RESULTS Post-hepatic (peripheral blood) BT was detected by cultures of gram-negative bacteria in 16% and 0% of SO and IR animals, respectively, on p.o. day 2 and in 16% and 50% on p.o. day 7. These differences were not significant (ns). E. coli DNA was found in one SO rat. Pre-hepatic BT (portal blood and/or lymph nodes) of gram-negative bacteria was found in 16% and 33%, respectively, on day 2 and in 16% and 16% on day 7 (ns). However, if gram-positive cultures were taken into account, the figures were 66% and 66% on day 2 and 66% and 83% on day 7 (ns). No anaerobes could be cultured. CONCLUSIONS (1) BT is frequent in surgically manipulated animals. (2) To limit the assessment of BT to Enterobacteriaceae is probably misleading, since consistent amounts of gram-positive bacteria are found in the pre-hepatic territory. (3) PCR tests limited to E. coli DNA alone are likely incomplete. (4) Short periods of vascular clamping do not increase BT on the two endpoints selected in comparison with SO animals.
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Romero M, Wintemute G, Wright M, Parham C. Shall-issue policy and criminal activity among applicants for permits to carry concealed firearms. Inj Prev 2004; 9:367-9. [PMID: 14693902 PMCID: PMC1731020 DOI: 10.1136/ip.9.4.367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Permits to carry concealed firearms in public (CCW permits) remain controversial. A small scale natural experiment with shall-issue CCW permit policy in California, a may-issue state, is reported. During the mid-1990s, the chief of police of the Sacramento County town of Isleton issued permits to all county residents who applied and passed a standard background check. This program received national publicity. The incidence of subsequent criminal activity among 691 persons applying for CCW permits through Isleton's program in 1995 and that in a statewide sample of 965 CCW applicants from 1993-94 were compared. Subjects were followed up for three years from their application dates. The arrest rates for violent crime among Isleton and statewide applicants were 291 and 104 per 100 000 person-years, respectively (relative risk 2.8, 95% confidence interval 0.7 to 11.2, p = 0.18). This suggests that a shall-issue policy for CCW permits may result in higher rates of violent crime among permit holders, but the results do not reach statistical significance; larger studies are needed.
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Cantón E, Pemán J, Romero M, Gobernado M. [Usefulness of the E-test and its assay conditions in the study of the interaction of antifungal agents. A pilot study]. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA : PUBLICACION OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA 2004; 17:48-56. [PMID: 15201924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Preliminary data from a pilot study to assess the usefulness of the E-test in the study of antimycoctics are presented, evaluating assay and reproduction conditions. Results are compared with those obtained using the checkerboard method and mortality-time curves. Trials were carried out with a strain of Candida albicans (ATCC 90028). The E-test strips were combined in direct proportion, MIC-MIC, and in inverse proportion. The results showed that the method can be reproduced, is easy to carry out and may be suitable for the study of the in vitro interaction of antimycotics on yeast. The directly and inversely proportionate strip combination appeared to be the most suitable. At the prediffusion stage, the most highly water-soluble antimycotic should be used. The recommended time for prediffusion is one hour for water-soluble antimycotics, and two hours for non-water-soluble ones. The E-test showed good correlation with mortality-time curves. Nonetheless, in vivo correlation studies are required to determine the usefulness of the results in vitro and the most suitable method of measurement
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Vázquez MT, Romero M, Pujol MD. Synthesis of novel 2,3-dihydro-1,4-dioxino[2,3- g ]quinoline derivatives as potential antitumor agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2004; 12:949-56. [PMID: 14980607 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2003.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2003] [Accepted: 12/16/2003] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
New dioxinoquinolines (1-8) have been synthesized and their antiproliferative properties have been tested against several cell lines. The treatment of the 6-acetamido-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxine (10) with phosphorous oxychloride in the presence of DMF leads to a mixture of linear and angular tricyclic compounds. The key intermediates were modified and cyclized giving the corresponding dioxinoquinolines. In general, these compounds have a moderate citotoxycity.
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Osuna-Gómez C, Rocha L, Romero M, Villa M, Sheremetov L, Niño O. Using the APRI model for evaluating the intention in collaborative learning environments. INTELIGENCIA ARTIFICIAL 2004. [DOI: 10.4114/ia.v8i24.785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Delgado MD, Marti E, Romance A, Romero M, Lagarón E, Salván R, Herrero E. [Presurgical orthopedic treatment for cleft lip and palate]. CIRUGIA PEDIATRICA : ORGANO OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE CIRUGIA PEDIATRICA 2004; 17:17-20. [PMID: 15002720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A multidisciplinary approach with several specialits allows a complete treatment for Cleft Lip and Palate. We show our experience in presurgical orthopedic treatment in these patients, their advantages, their problems and the results. MATERIAL AND METHODS Since 1999 presurgical orthopedy has been applied to 12 patients (3 bilateral cleft lip and palate and 9 unilateral cleft lip and palate). This approach was applied when there was a long distance between the alveolar segments. A palate mould and the location of Latham's appliance have been made in the operating room under general anesthesia. The patients were controlled by the orthodoncist and Latham's appliance was removed when cleft lip was closed. RESULTS Latham's appliance was kept for 4-7 weeks with once a week controls until the distance between the maxillary segments was less than 1 mm; in bilateral cases of cleft lip and palate the premaxilla was moved between lateral segments. Then, lip closure and nasoplasty was made and, sometimes, an obturador was placed. CONCLUSIONS Latham's appliance permit to achieve a perfect alignment of alveolar segments decreasing the soft tissues tension and facilitating the lip surgery, thus, a better aesthetic and functional results can be achieved. A more anatomic position of palate can be made and easier future orthopedic treatments are possible.
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Soriano V, Miró JM, García-Samaniego J, Torre-Cisneros J, Núñez M, del Romero J, Martín-Carbonero L, Castilla J, Iribarren JA, Quereda C, Santín M, González J, Arribas JR, Santos I, Hernández-Quero J, Ortega E, Asensi V, del Pozo MA, Berenguer J, Tural C, Clotet B, Leal M, Mallolas J, Sánchez-Tapias JM, Moreno S, Gatell JM, Téllez MJ, Rubio R, Ledesma E, Domingo P, Barreiro P, Pedreira J, Romero M, González-Lahoz J, Lissen E. Consensus conference on chronic viral hepatitis and HIV infection: updated Spanish recommendations. J Viral Hepat 2004; 11:2-17. [PMID: 14738553 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2893.2003.00491.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B and C represent a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients worldwide. New treatment options against both hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) viruses have prompted us to update previous recommendations for the management of coinfected individuals. Fifteen topics (nine related to HCV, five to HBV and one to both viruses) were selected for this purpose. A panel of Spanish experts in the field was invited to review these areas and propose specific recommendations, which were scored according to the Infectious Disease Society of America (IDSA) grading system. These guidelines represent a comprehensive and updated overview on the management of hepatitis B and C in HIV-infected patients.
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Pérez R, Jiménez M, Crespo J, Diago M, Enríquez J, Vaquero P, Solá R, Olcoz JL, Romero M, Salmerón J, Blanco MI, Oña M, Melón S, Rodrigo L. Comparative study of the efficacy of an induction dose of interferon-alpha2b with ribavirin compared with standard combined treatment in naive patients with chronic hepatitis C. J Viral Hepat 2003; 10:437-45. [PMID: 14633177 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2893.2003.00461.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The efficacy and secondary effects of an induction dose of interferon-alpha2b (IFN-alpha2b) with ribavirin compared with standard combined treatment in naive patients with chronic hepatitis C infection were compared. A prospective study was undertaken between March 1998 and November 2001 in which 84 Spanish hospitals took part. Six hundred and fourteen naive patients (age range 18-65 years) diagnosed with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and without cirrhosis or co-infection by other viruses, were included. Patients were divided into two groups. Group A (n = 304) received induction treatment with a daily dose of 5 MU of IFN-alpha2b for 4 weeks, followed by 5 MU three times a week with ribavirin (1000-1200 mg/day, according to weight) until completing 1 year of treatment. Group B (n = 310) received the standard dose of IFN-alpha2b of 3 MU three times per week for 48 weeks together with ribavirin (1000-1200 mg/day, according to weight). Both groups were completely comparable according to age, gender, body weight, transaminase levels, genotype, viral load and hepatic inflammatory activity (Knodell Index). No control group was included for ethical reasons. Pegylated interferon was not available at the time of the study. Serum baseline samples were collected for the determination of genotype. Samples were also collected at baseline, weeks 4, 12, 24, 48 and 72, in order to detect and quantify HCV-RNA. The efficacy of treatment was evaluated by means of sustained viral response (SVR) characterized by persistent negativity of HCV-RNA at the end of the follow-up period. At week 4, the response to treatment was greater in group A (49.6%) compared with group B (34.5%) (P = 0.0002), and was maintained until week 12 (64.1% compared with 55.8% respectively) (P = 0.03). These differences disappeared at week 24, when group A (69%) was compared with group B (65%) (NS). At week 48, the response rate for group A was 50.6% compared with group B 47.4% (NS), and at week 72, the SVR in group A was 46% compared with 40.3% for group B (NS). The global SVR was 43.1%. On analysing the response to treatment according to genotype and viral load, we found that the induction treatment was slightly superior in patients with genotype 1 and an elevated viral load (>2 x 10(6) copies/ml). They achieved a SVR in group A of 39.1% compared with 25.5% in group B (P < 0.05). However, this slight improvement obtained in group A, was achieved at the expense of a greater percentage of dropouts compared with group B (6.4% vs 2.2%, P < 0.01); a greater rate of side effects (58.5 vs 36.7%, P < 0.05) and also a greater percentage of neutropenia (3.1% vs 0.9%, P < 0.05). The induction treatment presented a better initial response, but this was not maintained at the end of treatment, and did not improve the results obtained with the standard treatment. Although the patients with genotype 1 and elevated viral load had a better response with the induction treatment, this was accompanied by a greater percentage of dropouts and secondary effects. It would be interesting to repeat this type of study in the future, using pegylated interferon.
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Vaquero M, Gómez P, Romero M, Casal MJ. Investigation of biological risk in mycobacteriology laboratories: a multicentre study. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2003; 7:879-85. [PMID: 12971673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
SETTING Microbiology laboratories constitute a special working environment that may pose a risk of infectious disease to persons in or near them. OBJECTIVE To assess whether clinical mycobacteriology laboratories in Spanish hospitals comply with occupational health and safety guidelines, and if laboratory workers are protected against the risk of exposure to biological agents in the workplace. DESIGN A transversal epidemiological study was carried out in 26 hospitals from October to December 2000 by means of a standardised survey questionnaire to evaluate the workers, workload, training and information and safety practices in mycobacteria laboratories. RESULTS Less than half of employees receive periodic information on the health hazards involved in their work. More than a third of the workers in mycobacteriology laboratories stated that the laboratories lack effective air filtering systems and more than half stated that negative pressurisation was not maintained in the work area. Biosafety masks are used by little more than half of the workers. The most frequently used Biological Safety Cabinets are Class IIB. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that clinical microbiology laboratories in Spanish hospitals comply poorly with the prevention measures outlined in the applicable directives and regulations.
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Lopez FJ, Arias L, Chan R, Clarke DE, Elworthy TR, Ford APDW, Guzman A, Jaime-Figueroa S, Jasper JR, Morgans DJ, Padilla F, Perez-Medrano A, Quintero C, Romero M, Sandoval L, Smith SA, Williams TJ, Blue DR. Synthesis, pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of 3-(4-aryl-piperazin-1-ylalkyl)-uracils as uroselective alpha1A-antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2003; 13:1873-8. [PMID: 12749888 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(03)00305-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Predominance in the urethra and prostate of the alpha(1A)-adrenoceptor subtype, which is believed to be the receptor mediating noradrenaline induced smooth muscle contraction in these tissues, led to the preparation of alpha(1A)-selective antagonists to be tested as uroselective compounds for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Thus, a number of selective alpha(1A)-adrenoceptor antagonists were synthesized and assayed in vitro for potency and selectivity. Dog pharmacokinetic parameters of 12 (RO700004) and its metabolite 40 (RO1104253) were established. The relative selectivity of intravenously administered 12, 40 and standard prazosin to inhibit hypogastric nerve stimulation-induced increases in intraurethral prostatic pressure versus phenylephrine-induced increases in diastolic blood pressure in anesthetized dogs was 76, 71 and 0.6, respectively.
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Escobedo-Jaimes L, Cicero-Sabido R, Criales-Cortez JL, Ramirez E, Romero M, Rivero V, Islas F, Olivera H, Gonzalez S, Escobar-Gutierrez A. Evaluation of the polymerase chain reaction in the diagnosis of miliary tuberculosis in bone marrow smear. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2003; 7:580-6. [PMID: 12797702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Miliary tuberculosis (MTB) is difficult to diagnose. When prompt diagnosis is necessary, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect mycobacterial DNA may be valuable. SETTING Tuberculosis clinic in an academic tertiary-level hospital in Mexico. DESIGN Bone marrow (BM) aspiration samples from 30 consecutive clinically suspected MTB patients and 58 non-tuberculosis hematologic patients were evaluated by in-house PCR using a fragment of the insertion sequence IS6110; results were compared with those obtained by acid-fast-stained smears, culture in Löwenstein-Jensen medium, histology, and serology. RESULTS Tuberculosis diagnosis was confirmed in all MTB suspects, 28 by microscopy and culture in pulmonary or extra-pulmonary samples other than BM, and two by clinical and radiologic improvement after antituberculosis treatment. In fresh BM specimens, in-house PCR was positive in 21/30 (70%) suspects, contrasting with only one positive (3.3%) in staining and culture, and four with compatible histologic findings (13.3%). BM samples from the control group showed negative results in bacteriologic and histologic studies, except in nine who had positive PCR results. These nine control cases had malignant processes. CONCLUSION PCR in aspirates of BM is a useful diagnostic assay in cases of MTB, mainly when bacteriological results are negative.
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Romero M, Sánchez I, Pujol MD. New Advances in the Field of Calcium Channel Antagonists: Cardiovascular Effects and Structure-Activity Relationships. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003; 1:113-41. [PMID: 15320693 DOI: 10.2174/1568016033477487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In the last 15 years, calcium channel blockers have been widely used for treating cardiovascular diseases. These agents are a heterogeneous group of drugs with differing cardiovascular effects, and are effective in the treatment of angina and hypertension. These synthetic compounds bind separately with receptor sites located in or near the calcium channel, at molecular sites still to be fully identified. Verapamil, nifedipine and diltiazem are the most representative calcium channel blockers and used as prototypes for the design and development of new anticalcium molecules with potential efficacy and reduced toxic effects. There are three different types of voltage-operated calcium channels (VOCs): L-type, T-type and N-type, which are considered extra-cellular, but some anti-calcium agents as bepridil possess potential intracellular calcium activity. Many synthetic compounds containing heterocyclic ring in their structures have attracted considerable interest since current studies revealed their mechanisms and sites of action. This article reviews the new advances in the calcium channel antagonist group, showing new structures with longer-acting and higher vascular selectivity.
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Nigenda G, Langer A, Kuchaisit C, Romero M, Rojas G, Al-Osimy M, Villar J, Garcia J, Al-Mazrou Y, Ba'aqeel H, Carroli G, Farnot U, Lumbiganon P, Belizán J, Bergsjo P, Bakketeig L, Lindmark G. Womens' opinions on antenatal care in developing countries: results of a study in Cuba, Thailand, Saudi Arabia and Argentina. BMC Public Health 2003; 3:17. [PMID: 12756055 PMCID: PMC166129 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-3-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2002] [Accepted: 05/20/2003] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The results of a qualitative study carried out in four developing countries (Cuba, Thailand, Saudi Arabia and Argentina) are presented. The study was conducted in the context of a randomised controlled trial to test the benefits of a new antenatal care protocol that reduced the number of visits to the doctor, rationalised the application of technology, and improved the provision of information to women in relation to the traditional protocol applied in each country. METHODS Through focus groups discussions we were able to assess the concepts and expectations underlying women's evaluation of concepts and experiences of the care received in antenatal care clinics. 164 women participated in 24 focus groups discussion in all countries. RESULTS Three areas are particularly addressed in this paper: a) concepts about pregnancy and health care, b) experience with health services and health providers, and c) opinions about the modified Antenatal Care (ANC) programme. In all three topics similarities were identified as well as particular opinions related to country specific social and cultural values. In general women have a positive view of the new ANC protocol, particularly regarding the information they receive. However, controversial issues emerged such as the reduction in the number of visits, particularly in Cuba where women are used to have 18 ANC visits in one pregnancy period. CONCLUSION Recommendations to improve ANC services performance are being proposed. Any country interested in the application of a new ANC protocol should regard the opinion and acceptability of women towards changes.
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Mazuecos A, Ceballos M, Romero M, Rivero M. [Kidney transplantation in a patient with HIV infection discovered during transplantation. Initial course]. Nefrologia 2003; 22:298-300. [PMID: 12123134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
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Pujol MD, Romero M. Directed ortho-Lithiation of the 2-( N, N-Dimethylhydrazinecarbonyl)-1-methylindole. Efficient Preparation of Tricyclic Lactones. Synlett 2003. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2003-36786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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191
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Castro Fernández M, García Díaz E, Romero M, Galán Jurado V, Rodríguez Alonso C. [Treatment of steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis with infliximab]. GASTROENTEROLOGIA Y HEPATOLOGIA 2003; 26:54-5. [PMID: 12525332 DOI: 10.1016/s0210-5705(03)70344-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Langer A, Villar J, Romero M, Nigenda G, Piaggio G, Kuchaisit C, Rojas G, Al-Osimi M, Miguel Belizán J, Farnot U, Al-Mazrou Y, Carroli G, Ba'aqeel H, Lumbiganon P, Pinol A, Bergsjö P, Bakketeig L, Garcia J, Berendes H. Are women and providers satisfied with antenatal care? Views on a standard and a simplified, evidence-based model of care in four developing countries. BMC Womens Health 2002; 2:7. [PMID: 12133195 PMCID: PMC122068 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6874-2-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2002] [Accepted: 07/19/2002] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: This study assessed women and providers' satisfaction with a new evidence-based antenatal care (ANC) model within the WHO randomized trial conducted in four developing countries. The WHO study was a randomized controlled trial that compared a new ANC model with the standard type offered in each country. The new model of ANC emphasized actions known to be effective in improving maternal or neonatal health, excluded other interventions that have not proved to be beneficial, and improved the information component, especially alerting pregnant women to potential health problems and instructing them on appropriate responses. These activities were distributed within four antenatal care visits for women that did not need any further assessment. METHODS: Satisfaction was measured through a standardized questionnaire administered to a random sample of 1,600 pregnant women and another to all antenatal care providers. RESULTS: Most women in both arms expressed satisfaction with ANC. More women in the intervention arm were satisfied with information on labor, delivery, family planning, pregnancy complications and emergency procedures. More providers in the experimental clinics were worried about visit spacing, but more satisfied with the time spent and information provided. CONCLUSIONS: Women and providers accepted the new ANC model generally. The safety of fewer visits for women without complications with longer spacing would have to be reinforced, if such a model is to be introduced into routine practice.
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Arango JA, Romero M, Orduz S. Diversity of Bacillus thuringiensis strains from Colombia with insecticidal activity against Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae). J Appl Microbiol 2002; 92:466-74. [PMID: 11872122 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2672.2002.01545.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To identify and characterize Bacillus thuringiensis strains highly toxic to Spodoptera frugiperda, and to explore the genetic diversity of such strains. METHODS AND RESULTS The insecticidal activity of 1100 strains of B. thuringiensis from Colombian soil samples was assayed against first instar S. frugiperda larvae, and 32 active strains were found. After a second bioassay evaluation, the eight most potent strains were selected for further characterization, which included crystal protein profiles determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, plasmid profile, plasmid restriction patterns, cry gene composition, qualitative determination of beta-exotoxin production, random amplified polymorphic DNA, serotyping, and toxicity to S. frugiperda. All Colombian strains contained cry1Aa, cry1Ab, cry1Ac, cry1B, cry1C and cry1D genes. However, PCR profiles of the Colombian strains suggested the presence of variants of the cry1 genes. Serotyping indicated that these strains belong to the kurstaki, thuringiensis, canadiensis and indiana subspecies. Interestingly, three strains belonging to different serotypes and subspecies were found in the same soil sample, and toxicity ranged between 11 and 976 ng cm(-2) of diet. CONCLUSIONS It has been shown that B. thuringiensis strains belonging to different serotypes and displaying variable potency to S. frugiperda larvae can be found in the same soil sample. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The results obtained indicate that some of the B. thuringiensis strains studied could be of interest for further development for S. frugiperda control programmes.
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Castro M, Galán V, Romero M. [Gravidic cholestasis with transaminase elevation suggestive of acute hepatitis]. GASTROENTEROLOGIA Y HEPATOLOGIA 2002; 25:433-4. [PMID: 12069709 DOI: 10.1016/s0210-5705(02)70280-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Romo J, Romero M, Djerassi C, Rosenkranz G. Steroids. XIII.1 Reaction of α,β-Unsaturated Steroid Ketones with Benzylmercaptan. Thioenol Ether Formation and 1,4-Addition. J Am Chem Soc 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ja01148a036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Gogna M, Romero M, Ramos S, Petracci M, Szulik D. Abortion in a restrictive legal context: the views of obstetrician-gynaecologists in Buenos Aires, Argentina. REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH MATTERS 2002; 10:128-37. [PMID: 12369315 DOI: 10.1016/s0968-8080(02)00014-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In Argentina, unsafe abortions are the primary cause of maternal mortality, accounting for 32% of maternal deaths. During reform of the National Constitution in 1994, the women's movement effectively resisted the reactionary government/church position on abortion. Health professionals, including obstetrician-gynaecologists, played conflicting roles in this debate. This article presents results from a study carried out in 1998-1999 of the views of 467 obstetrician-gynaecologists from public hospitals in Buenos Aires and its Metropolitan Area, focus group discussions with 60 of them, and interviews with heads of department from 36 of the hospitals. The great majority believed abortion was a serious public health issue; that physicians should provide abortions which are not illegal; that abortion should not be penalized to save the woman's life, or in cases of rape or fetal malformations; and that women having illegal abortions and abortion providers should not be imprisoned. Some 40% thought abortion should not be penalized if it is a woman's autonomous decision. Those who were better disposed towards the de-penalization of abortion cited a combination of public health reasons and the need for social equity. The women's health and rights movement should do advocacy work with this professional community on women's needs and rights, given the prominent role they play in reproductive health care provision and in the public sphere.
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Romero M, Saez M, Cabrerizo C. Restoration of a fractured primary incisor. J Clin Pediatr Dent 2002; 25:255-8. [PMID: 11497003 DOI: 10.17796/jcpd.25.4.8474180h3w521325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Esthetic restoration on primary teeth has been a special challenge to pediatric dentists. Composite restorations are the most often used treatment for decay and fractures of primary teeth, however, there are other possible alternatives. We present a case in which we have used an acrylic crown to treat a fractured primary incisor in a 1.8 years old child.
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198
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Acosta A, Iglesias I, Aineto M, Romero M, Rincón JM. Utilisation of IGCC slag and clay steriles in soft mud bricks (by pressing) for use in building bricks manufacturing. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2002; 22:887-891. [PMID: 12423050 DOI: 10.1016/s0956-053x(02)00075-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The subject of this study is the application to the construction of soft mud bricks (also known as pressed bricks), both green and heat-treated bodies, built from raw materials from Santa Cruz de Mudela, Ciudad Real, and IGCC slag from the power central of Puertollano (Ciudad Real, Spain). For this purpose, industrial level tests have been performed: the production of these kind of bricks from mixes of waste from ores of construction clays and to significant fraction of different ratios and clay granulometries mixed with IGCC slag. The results of this experimentation suggests that not only can IGCC slag be applied to a ceramic process, but also its use gives several advantages, as water and energy savings, as well as improvements on the final properties of products.
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199
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Valero N, Henríquez R, Hernández C, Pomeda O, Romero M, Urdaneta F, Atencio R, Larreal Y, Espina LM, Rodríguez Z. [Viral agents in patients with infectious processes of the central nervous system]. INVESTIGACION CLINICA 2001; 42:255-67. [PMID: 11787270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Local statistics report a great number of cases of neurological diseases of unidentified cause. The purpose of this research was to determine the presence of viral agents in patients with affection of the central nervous system, in Zulia State, Venezuela. In different health centers throughout the state, we collected 129 randomized samples of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum from patients ranging from 1 day to 41 years of age, showing symptoms of CNS disease and whose bacteriological test resulted negative. The serum/CSF albumin ratio was determined to exclude contaminated CSF samples, thus 54 optimal samples were obtained for the research. We determined serum IgM and CSF IgG specific for Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (VEE), Herpes simplex (HSV), Epstein Barr (EBV), Dengue, Rubella and Measles virus, through ELISA and indirect immunofluorescence techniques. Of the 54 samples studied, 33 (61.11%) were positive. %). The etiological agents implicated were VEE 14 cases (42.42%); HSV 11 cases (33.33%); EBV 5 cases (15.15%) and Dengue 3 cases (9.09%). We did not detect Rubella o Measles. Regarding the age distribution, the most affected group was that of children under 12 (83.34%). We analyzed the clinical manifestations and the CSF characteristics and did not find differences suggestive of an specific etiological diagnosis, even though certain signs could be considered early indications of CNS alterations due to viral causes. Our study shows that a large percentage of CNS affections of unknown etiology are produced by viral agents, indicating that in our region, most of this cases are not registered.
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MESH Headings
- Antibodies, Viral/blood
- Antibodies, Viral/cerebrospinal fluid
- Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins/analysis
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Dengue/epidemiology
- Dengue Virus/immunology
- Dengue Virus/isolation & purification
- Encephalitis Virus, Venezuelan Equine/immunology
- Encephalitis Virus, Venezuelan Equine/isolation & purification
- Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex/epidemiology
- Encephalitis, Viral/blood
- Encephalitis, Viral/cerebrospinal fluid
- Encephalitis, Viral/diagnosis
- Encephalitis, Viral/epidemiology
- Encephalitis, Viral/virology
- Encephalomyelitis, Venezuelan Equine/epidemiology
- Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/epidemiology
- Female
- Glucose/cerebrospinal fluid
- Herpesvirus 4, Human/isolation & purification
- Humans
- Immunoglobulin G/cerebrospinal fluid
- Immunoglobulin M/blood
- Infant
- Male
- Measles/epidemiology
- Measles virus/immunology
- Measles virus/isolation & purification
- Prospective Studies
- Rubella/epidemiology
- Rubella virus/immunology
- Rubella virus/isolation & purification
- Sampling Studies
- Seroepidemiologic Studies
- Simplexvirus/immunology
- Simplexvirus/isolation & purification
- Venezuela/epidemiology
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200
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Rivera JA, González-Cossío T, Flores M, Romero M, Rivera M, Téllez-Rojo MM, Rosado JL, Brown KH. Multiple micronutrient supplementation increases the growth of Mexican infants. Am J Clin Nutr 2001; 74:657-63. [PMID: 11684535 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/74.5.657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of single micronutrient deficiencies in the etiology of growth retardation has recently gained attention. However, because multiple micronutrient deficiencies are common in children in developing countries, it is possible that more than one micronutrient may limit growth and, hence, the correction of a single deficiency may not be enough to improve growth substantially. OBJECTIVE The objective was to evaluate the effect of multiple micronutrient supplementation on the growth of children aged 8-14 mo whose diets were poor in several micronutrients. DESIGN Children were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups. One group received a multiple micronutrient supplement containing the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) or 1.5 times the RDA of vitamins A, D, E, K, C, B-1, B-6, B-12, riboflavin, niacin, biotin, folic acid, and pantothenic acid, and iron, zinc, iodine, copper, manganese, and selenium. The other group received a placebo. Supplements were administered 6 d/wk for an average of 12.2 mo. Body length was measured at baseline and monthly thereafter until the end of supplementation. RESULTS Supplemented infants initially aged <12 mo had significantly greater length gains than did the placebo group, with a difference of 8.2 mm (length-for-age z score: 0.3) at the end of supplementation. In contrast, differences in length gains between the supplemented and placebo groups initially aged > or =12 mo were not significant. CONCLUSIONS Micronutrient deficiencies limited the growth of the Mexican infants studied. Improving micronutrient intakes should be a component of interventions to promote growth in infants living in settings where micronutrient intakes are inadequate.
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