176
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Okada R. [Health administration: administrative work-delegation of responsibility]. [KANGO] JAPANESE JOURNAL OF NURSING 1987; 39:108-15. [PMID: 3650528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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177
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Shimizu M, Okada R. [Pathological study of the etiology of coronary thrombosis]. NIHON RINSHO. JAPANESE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE 1987; 45:668-77. [PMID: 3298745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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178
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Okada R. [Health administration--health institutions for the elderly]. [KANGO] JAPANESE JOURNAL OF NURSING 1987; 39:92-9. [PMID: 3650510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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179
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Okada R. [Health administration--hospitals are changing]. [KANGO] JAPANESE JOURNAL OF NURSING 1987; 39:108-15. [PMID: 3650486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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180
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Sumiyoshi M, Nakata Y, Okada R. [Abnormalities of the U wave]. [KANGO GIJUTSU] : [NURSING TECHNIQUE] 1987; 33:158-67. [PMID: 3645047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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181
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Wakafuji S, Okada R. Twenty year autopsy statistics of myocarditis incidence in Japan. JAPANESE CIRCULATION JOURNAL 1986; 50:1288-93. [PMID: 3820537 DOI: 10.1253/jcj.50.1288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In the annuals of autopsy records in Japan, edited by the Japanese Society of Pathology and covering 20 years, from 1958 to 1977, 377841 autopsy cases are registered with a short summary of the pathology findings. Of these, 434 cases with idiopathic, interstitial, viral, non-specific (NSM) and giant cell (GCM) myocarditis were found. The incidences of NSM and GCM were 0.11 and 0.007%, respectively. The annual incidence of NSM showed periodic fluctuations with in 5-year intervals and increased remarkably after 1974. Incidence of GCM showed a similar fluctuation but with a one to two year delay of peaks. The male to female ratio was 1.2: 1 and the age distribution had two peaked patterns for both sexes, though these peaks were scattered widely from neonate to elderly patients. The regional distribution of NSM showed a concentration in the middle portion of Honshu and its regional annual incidence had propagation waves from the central area to peripheral areas. The same tendency was observed in GCM cases. Hokkaido was characterized by a low incidence of NSM and no GCM. Complications of myocarditis included pancreatitis, pneumonitis, interstitial nephritis, meningoencephalitis, hepatitis, hepatic cirrhosis and a considerable incidence of malignancies. Antibiotics, antineoplastic agents, steroids and irradiation therapy were the main forms of treatment applied before or after the start of myocarditis.
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182
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Okada R. [Health administration--continuing education]. [KANGO] JAPANESE JOURNAL OF NURSING 1986; 38:106-13. [PMID: 3649450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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183
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Okada R, Komatsu T, Ogura R, Suzuki Y, Horiuchi H. [Stereo-radiography for periodontal observations]. NIHON SHISHUBYO GAKKAI KAISHI 1986; 28:1137-43. [PMID: 3470407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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184
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Ino T, Iwahara M, Nishimoto K, Akimoto K, Yabuta K, Eguchi M, Okada R. Infantile hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with QT prolongation. JAPANESE HEART JOURNAL 1986; 27:893-9. [PMID: 3573304 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.27.893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
An infant who died at 5 months with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy accompanied by QT prolongation was examined at autopsy. At the age of 16 days, serum IgM level was elevated (226 mg/dl). Microscopic examination revealed characteristics of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with myocardial cell hypertrophy with disarray and healed myocarditis with patchy fibrosis and mononuclear cell infiltration. The histological findings were compatible with those of postmyocarditic cardiomegaly developing during the fetal period.
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185
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Palacios I, Goldman M, Aretz T, Okada R, Osbakken M, Leavitt M, Block PC, Boucher C. Comparison of contrast x-ray biplane cineangiography and technetium-99m radionuclide scans for measurement of ventricular volumes in human autopsy hearts. Am Heart J 1986; 112:1032-8. [PMID: 3776799 DOI: 10.1016/0002-8703(86)90317-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The area-length method is widely used in the determination of left ventricular volume. Although previous studies have reported that this technique overestimates true volume (TV), it is unknown whether this overestimation is the same at different volumes. In the present study, with the use of 10 postmortem human hearts, left ventricular volumes were determined by contrast x-ray biplane cine ventriculography (LVA), biplane radionuclide (LVR), and absolute-counts (LVC) technetium scans, and the results were correlated with TV. LVA correlated well with TV (r = 0.98). LVR correlated well with TV (r = 0.97), and LVR also correlated well with LVA (r = 0.96). Both area-length techniques (LVA and LVR) resulted in overestimation of TV with an upward shift of the regression line of 30.4ml +/- 3.8 (SEM) for LVA and 28.5 +/- 4.4 for LVR. The percentage of overestimation error was significantly greater at smaller left ventricular volumes (error = 33% at TV = 30ml and 10% at TV = 100ml, p less than 0.001). LVC correlated well with TV (r = 0.99), TVA, and LVR but underestimated TV. Thus left ventricular volumes can be reliably obtained from LVR and LVA by means of the area-length method and from LVC. When the area-length method is utilized, the percentage of error in the determination of left ventricular volume is proportional to 1/TV.
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186
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Okada R, Teragaki M, Fukuda Y. Histopathological study on the effects of aging in myocardium of hypertrophied hearts. JAPANESE CIRCULATION JOURNAL 1986; 50:1018-22. [PMID: 2949091 DOI: 10.1253/jcj.50.1018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
To clarify the effects of aging in myocardium of hypertrophied hearts, 555 autopsied hearts were studied histopathologically. Degrees of myocyte hypertrophy, disarrangement and fibrosis and lipofuscin deposits were estimated light-microscopically in tissue specimens taken from the anterior wall of the left ventricle. Myocyte hypertrophy was assigned to one of four classes from 0 to 3+ according to size. Other findings were estimated using the conventional three classes. All cases were divided according to heart weight, into the following groups: severe hypertrophy (Group I; more than 450 g for males and 400 g for females), mild hypertrophy (Group II; 450 greater than HW greater than 350 g for males and 400 greater than HW greater than 300 g for females) and no hypertrophy (Group III: less than 350 g for males and 300 g for females). Lipofuscin deposits increased with aging, but in Group I the increase was delayed in comparison to that in other groups. As a rule, myocyte size in the outer layer was equal to or smaller than that in the inner layer (outer-layer-selective atrophy). This was particularly true in pressure-overloaded hypertrophy and less so in volume-overloaded hypertrophy. Myocyte disarrangement was observed in the inner and median layers in the oldest group. Peri-vascular fibrosis became thick with aging, and perimysial fibrosis increased with age. The fibrotic process was accelerated in hypertrophied myocardium. As to the mode of hypertrophy, aging appears to result in a kind of myocardial asymmetry of layer-selective atrophy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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187
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Okada R. [Health service and management: provision of service and its reimbursement]. [KANGO] JAPANESE JOURNAL OF NURSING 1986; 38:94-100. [PMID: 3650467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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188
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Ichinose E, Hirata K, Mikashima T, Sakamoto H, Toyoda O, Yoshioka F, Yokochi K, Kato H, Okada R. [Unusual cardiac hypertrophy in neonates with congestive heart failure: report of three cases]. JOURNAL OF CARDIOGRAPHY 1986; 16:755-63. [PMID: 2958560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
We experienced three cases of unusual cardiac hypertrophy of the right ventricle or interventricular septum with severe congestive heart failure in the neonatal period. One patient had congenital heart disease consisting of membranous tricuspid atresia, absent pulmonary valve, patent ductus arteriosus, left single coronary artery and a hypoplastic pouch-like right ventricle. Very marked cardiac hypertrophy was observed in the right ventricle and interventricular septum. Histologically, there was no appreciable disorganization of the cardiac muscle. The etiology of the unusual hypertrophy of cardiac muscle in this patient is uncertain. The other two patients had asymmetrical septal hypertrophy of the left ventricle evidenced by two-dimensional echocardiography. Cardiac catheterization was performed for these two patients. There was no evidence of congenital heart disease; however, one patient had a significant pressure gradient in the outflow tracts of the left and right ventricles. These two patients' faces appeared unusual and they had minor anomalies of their fingers and ears. This unusual cardiac hypertrophy associated with cardiac anomalies and minor anomalies of the face and extremities comprise a specific type of cardiomyopathy in neonates. This should be distinguished from hypertropic cardiomyopathy of older children and adults.
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189
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Okada R. [Nursing system at medium and small hospitals. A need for more efforts for active training and studies]. KANGO TENBO. THE JAPANESE JOURNAL OF NURSING SCIENCE 1986; 11:867-9. [PMID: 3640950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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190
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Okada R. [Health service and management--health service management in U.S.A. and Canada]. [KANGO] JAPANESE JOURNAL OF NURSING 1986; 38:76-81. [PMID: 3650483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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191
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Okada R. [Health service and management: aged society and health costs]. [KANGO] JAPANESE JOURNAL OF NURSING 1986; 38:92-9. [PMID: 3649483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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192
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Okada R, Moshe SL, Wong BY, Sperber EF, Zhao DY. Age-related substantia nigra-mediated seizure facilitation. Exp Neurol 1986; 93:180-7. [PMID: 3732457 DOI: 10.1016/0014-4886(86)90157-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the role of the GABAergic system of the substantia nigra in seizures of rat pups. Rat pups had bilateral cannulae implanted chronically either in the substantia nigra or 1.5 mm dorsal to it. At age 16 to 17 days, seizures were induced in the cannulated rats and naive (intact) controls by exposure to flurothyl following pretreatment with the GABA agonist, muscimol, or vehicle. Naive rats were the most resistant to flurothyl seizures. Bilateral nigral infusions of muscimol markedly facilitated the development of flurothyl seizures in a dose-response manner and differed significantly from the vehicle controls or rats infused with muscimol dorsally to the substantia nigra. In contrast, bilateral nigral muscimol infusions protected adult rats against the development of flurothyl seizures. Our data indicate that the effects of nigral GABA agonist infusions on seizures are age-dependent; the altered responsivity of the GABAergic nigral system in immature rats may be responsible in part for the increased seizure susceptibility of the developing central nervous system.
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193
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Okada R. [Health service and management: economics of standardized nursing]. [KANGO] JAPANESE JOURNAL OF NURSING 1986; 38:76-82. [PMID: 3643345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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194
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Okada R. [Health service and management: quality of health care as controlled by the insurance policy]. [KANGO] JAPANESE JOURNAL OF NURSING 1986; 38:76-81. [PMID: 3643332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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195
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Mitsuyama H, Okada R. [Asymptomatic ischemic heart disease]. KOKYU TO JUNKAN. RESPIRATION & CIRCULATION 1986; 34:353-64. [PMID: 2940653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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196
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Rozanski A, Diamond GA, Forrester JS, Berman DS, Morris D, Jones RH, Okada R, Freeman M, Swan HJ. Should the intent of testing influence its interpretation? J Am Coll Cardiol 1986; 7:17-24. [PMID: 3941207 DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(86)80252-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A test is often interpreted as "normal" or "abnormal" by a single criterion, regardless of the intent of testing. The discriminate accuracy of this convention was critically analyzed using information content (I), likelihood ratio and the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve. Three ejection fraction variables were assessed--ejection fraction at rest, exercise ejection fraction and the change in ejection fraction from rest to exercise--each relative to three intentional goals: diagnosis of coronary artery disease in 929 patients without previous myocardial infarction, prediction of multivessel disease in these same 929 patients and prediction of multivessel disease in 507 patients with previous myocardial infarction. The information content of exercise ejection fraction (IEX) was higher than for ejection fraction at rest (IR) or for the change from rest to exercise (IEX-R), and was relatively constant regardless of the goal of testing. In contrast, neither IR nor IEX-R was constant. IR was lowest for diagnosis of coronary artery disease, whereas IEX-R was highest for this same goal. These empiric observations are consistent with the quantitative relation predicted by information theory: IEX = IR + IEX-R. Thus, ejection fraction at rest has little discriminate value relative to the diagnosis of coronary artery disease, but does have value in evaluating the extent of disease in patients after myocardial infarction. Exercise ejection fraction and change in ejection fraction are nearly equally useful for purposes of diagnosis, whereas the former is most useful for functional evaluation in postinfarction patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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197
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Kawai S, Shimizu M, Okada R. [Coronary arteritis--its complication and clinical significance]. NIHON RINSHO. JAPANESE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE 1985; 43:2136-43. [PMID: 3912540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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198
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Dinsmore RE, Wismer GL, Guyer D, Thompson R, Liu P, Stratemeier E, Miller S, Okada R, Brady T. Magnetic resonance imaging of the interatrial septum and atrial septal defects. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1985; 145:697-703. [PMID: 3875984 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.145.4.697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance images were obtained in six patients with known or suspected interatrial septal defects (ASD) and 33 subjects without congenital heart disease. Image planes were oriented to the long and short axes of the left ventricle and septum and provided reproducible display of pertinent anatomic landmarks. Of the images in 33 control subjects, three (9%) were falsely positive showing apparent ASD. ASDs were correctly identified and localized in all six patients (five secundum, one primum). Long-axis views provided excellent display of the location and diameter of defects. All were confirmed at cardiac catheterization and four at surgery with good agreement in measurement of defect size and location. All showed signs of right-sided volume overload. Five had previous echocardiography, which showed definite or suspected ASD in four.
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199
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Bodenhamer RM, Johnson RG, Randolph JD, Pohost G, Boucher C, Okada R, Lowenstein E, Levine FH, Daggett WM. The effect of adding mannitol or albumin to a crystalloid cardioplegic solution: a prospective, randomized clinical study. Ann Thorac Surg 1985; 40:374-9. [PMID: 3931596 DOI: 10.1016/s0003-4975(10)60072-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
To determine if the myocardial protection afforded by a cold crystalloid potassium cardioplegic solution could be improved by the addition of either mannitol or albumin, a prospective clinical study was undertaken in which 58 patients undergoing elective aortocoronary bypass were randomized to one of three groups. Each group featured a different cardioplegic solution. The solutions were a standard potassium crystalloid solution, a solution containing mannitol sufficient to raise the osmolality by 20 to 30 mOsm, and a solution containing 5% albumin. Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative evaluation included serial measurements of ejection fraction, myocardial-specific isoenzyme, and hemodynamic indexes of performance. Electrocardiographic evaluation for perioperative myocardial infarction and the need for postoperative inotropic and mechanical support were also included. No differences were found among the groups. Therefore, although the use of mannitol or albumin has been shown to be beneficial in an experimental setting, superiority of either additive could not be demonstrated clinically.
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200
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Okada R, Moshé SL, Ono K, Albala BJ. Unidirectional interaction between flurothyl seizures and amygdala kindling. Brain Res 1985; 344:103-8. [PMID: 4041859 DOI: 10.1016/0006-8993(85)91193-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In this report, the interaction between flurothyl convulsions and electrical kindling of the amygdala was investigated. Three flurothyl convulsions decreased the afterdischarge threshold of the amygdala and enhanced the rate of development of electrical kindling without affecting the intensity of postictal refractoriness. On the other hand, 3 generalized kindled convulsions did not alter the flurothyl convulsive threshold. The data suggest that the influence of generalized convulsions on future seizure susceptibility may depend on the agents used to induce the convulsions.
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