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Kraus VB, McDaniel G, Worrell TW, Feng S, Vail TP, Varju G, Coleman RE. Association of bone scintigraphic abnormalities with knee malalignment and pain. Ann Rheum Dis 2008; 68:1673-9. [PMID: 18981032 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2008.094722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The information content of knee bone scintigraphy was evaluated, including pattern, localisation and intensity of retention relative to radiographic features of knee osteoarthritis, knee alignment and knee symptoms. METHODS A total of 308 knees (159 subjects) with symptomatic and radiographic knee osteoarthritis of at least one knee was assessed by late-phase (99m)Technetium methylene disphosphonate bone scintigraph, fixed-flexion knee radiograph, full limb radiograph for knee alignment and for self-reported knee symptom severity. Generalised linear models were used to control for within-subject correlation of knee data. RESULTS The compartmental localisation (medial vs lateral) and intensity of knee bone scan retention were associated with the pattern (varus vs valgus) (p<0.001) and severity (p<0.001) of knee malalignment and localisation and severity of radiographic osteoarthritis (p<0.001). Bone scan agent retention in the tibiofemoral, but not patellofemoral, compartment was associated with severity of knee symptoms (p<0.001) and persisted after adjusting for radiographic osteoarthritis (p<0.001). CONCLUSION To the authors' knowledge, this is the first study describing a relationship between knee malalignment, joint symptom severity and compartment-specific abnormalities by bone scintigraphy. This work demonstrates that bone scintigraphy is a sensitive and quantitative indicator of symptomatic knee osteoarthritis. Used selectively, bone scintigraphy is a dynamic imaging modality that holds great promise as a clinical trial screening tool and outcome measure.
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Feng S, Roethig HJ, Liang Q, Kinser R, Jin Y, Scherer G, Urban M, Engl J, Riedel K. Evaluation of urinary 1-hydroxypyrene,S-phenylmercapturic acid,trans,trans-muconic acid, 3-methyladenine, 3-ethyladenine, 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine and thioethers as biomarkers of exposure to cigarette smoke. Biomarkers 2008; 11:28-52. [PMID: 16484135 DOI: 10.1080/13547500500399730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to evaluate the utility of urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP), S-phenylmercapturic acid (S-PMA), trans,trans-muconic acid (t,t-MA), 3-methyladenine (3-MeAd), 3-ethyladenine (3-EtAd), 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and thioethers as biomarkers for assessing the exposure in adult smokers who switched from smoking conventional cigarettes to candidate potential reduced exposure products (PREP) or who stopped smoking. Two electrically heated smoking systems (EHCSS) were used as prototype cigarettes that have significant reductions in a number of mainstream smoke constituents as measured by smoking machines relative to those from conventional cigarettes. Urine samples were collected from a randomized, controlled, forced-switching study in which 110 adult smokers of a conventional cigarette brand (CC1) were randomly assigned to five study groups. The groups included the CC1 smoking group, a lower-tar conventional cigarette (CC2) smoking group, EHCSS1 group, EHCSS2 group and a no smoking group that were monitored for 8 days. Biomarkers were measured at baseline and day 8. The daily excretion levels of these biomarkers were compared among the groups before and after switching, and the relationships between the daily excretion levels of these biomarkers and cigarette smoking-related exposure were investigated using Pearson product-moment correlation and multiple regression analyses. It was concluded that under controlled study conditions: (1) 1-OHP, S-PMA and t,t-MA are useful biomarkers that could differentiate exposure between smoking conventional and EHCSS cigarettes or between smoking conventional cigarettes and no smoking; between S-PMA and t,t-MA, the former appeared to be more sensitive; (2) 3-MeAd could only differentiate between smoking conventional cigarettes and no smoking; the results for 3-EtAd were not conclusive because contradictory results were observed; (3) 8-OHdG had a questionable association with smoking and therefore the utility of this biomarker for smoking-related exposure could not be established; and (4) urinary excretion of thioethers as a biomarker lacked sensitivity to demonstrate a clear dose-response relationship in conventional cigarette smokers, although it could differentiate the excretion levels between those subjects who smoked a conventional cigarette and those who stopped smoking.
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Wu M, Yang X, Fu J, Feng S. Morphological control of meso- and single-crystals of perovskite under solvothermal conditions. Acta Crystallogr A 2008. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767308080872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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179
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Feng S, Zhang G, Yuan H, Yang M, Chen Y, Zhang S. Perovskite-type LnFeO 3(Ln= Y, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho ) prepared by mild hydrothermal method. Acta Crystallogr A 2008. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767308080914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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180
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Wang F, Shen X, Xu S, Liu Y, Ma L, Zhao Q, Fu D, Pan Q, Feng S, Li X. Negative words on surgical wards result in therapeutic failure of patient-controlled analgesia and further release of cortisol after abdominal surgeries. Minerva Anestesiol 2008; 74:353-365. [PMID: 18612266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The perception of pain is germane to the environmental stimuli. Nurses on surgical wards are the main contributor in influencing patients' psychophysiological fettle. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of different words, negative or positive, from nurses on postoperative pain therapy with patient-controlled analgesia (PCA). METHODS 1500 ASA I-II patients, who underwent abdominal hysterectomy, were screened and 771 were randomized into one of four groups. In the no words group (NW, N.=35), no words was delivered. The positive (PW, N.=248), partially negative (NW1, N.=241) and totally negative (NW2, N.=247) groups received corresponding words when treating with morphine PCA, the words were given singly at the 3(rd), 6(th), 12(th), 18(th) h and repeatedly at the 3(rd) and 6(th) h, and each group was redivided into six subgroups according to varying time points. Pain intensity, morphine consumption, side effects, overall sedation and satisfaction scores were recorded and plasma cortisol was tested. RESULTS A total of 614 patients completed the study. Negative words expressed significant influence on pain therapy at the 3(rd) and 6(th) h after surgeries (P<0.01), and this effect was more convenient in repeatedly treated patients (P<0.001). Positive and the 12(th) and 18(th) h negative words displayed little role in pain management. Morphine consumption, side effects, satisfaction and cortisol level converted with the change of the pain intensity. No intergroup differences were observed in patients' overall conditions. CONCLUSION Negative words on surgical wards influenced postoperative pain management at the earlier period of time after abdominal surgeries associated with the HPA axis activation.
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Sugrue MM, Purdie DM, Feng S, Flynn PJ, Grothey A, Sargent DJ, Berlin JD, Kabbinavar FF, Dong W, Kozloff MF. Serious wound healing complications (sWHC) following surgery in patients (pts) with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) receiving bevacizumab (BV): Results from the BRiTE observational cohort study (OCS). J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.4105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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182
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Flynn PJ, Sugrue MM, Feng S, Purdie DM, Grothey A, Sargent DJ, Berlin JD, Kabbinavar FF, Dong W, Kozloff MF. Incidence of serious bleeding events (sBE) in patients (pts) with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) receiving bevacizumab (BV) as part of a first-line regimen: Results from the BRiTE observational cohort study (OCS). J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.4104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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183
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Wu D, Feng S, He Y. Short-wave near-infrared spectroscopy of milk powder for brand identification and component analysis. J Dairy Sci 2008; 91:939-49. [PMID: 18292249 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2007-0640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present paper was to provide new insight into the short-wave near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopic analysis of milk powder. Near-infrared spectra in the 800- to 1,025-nm region of 350 samples were analyzed to determine the brands and quality of milk powders. Brand identification was done by a least squares support vector machine (LS-SVM) model coupled with fast fixed-point independent component analysis (ICA). The correct answer rate of the ICA-LS-SVM model reached as high as 98%, which was better than that of the LS-SVM (95%). Contents of fat, protein, and carbohydrate were determined by the LS-SVM and ICA-LS-SVM models. Both processes offered good determination performance for analyzing the main components in milk powder based on short-wave NIR spectra. The coefficients of determination for prediction and root mean square error of prediction of ICA-LS-SVM were 0.983, 0.231, and 0.982, and 0.161, 0.980, and 0.410, respectively, for the 3 components. However, there were less than 10 input variables in the ICA-LS-SVM model compared with 225 in the LS-SVM model. Thus, the processing time was much shorter and the model was simpler. The results presented in this paper demonstrate that the short-wave NIR region is promising for fast and reliable determination of the brand and main components in milk powder.
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Schaubel DE, Sima CS, Goodrich NP, Feng S, Merion RM. The survival benefit of deceased donor liver transplantation as a function of candidate disease severity and donor quality. Am J Transplant 2008; 8:419-25. [PMID: 18190658 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2007.02086.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 244] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The survival benefit of liver transplantation depends on candidate disease severity, as measured by MELD score. However, donor liver quality may also affect survival benefit. Using US data from the SRTR on 28 165 adult liver transplant candidates wait-listed between 2001 and 2005, we estimated survival benefit according to cross-classifications of candidate MELD score and deceased donor risk index (DRI) using sequential stratification. Covariate-adjusted hazard ratios (HR) were calculated for each liver transplant recipient at a given MELD with an organ of a given DRI, comparing posttransplant mortality to continued wait-listing with possible later transplantation using a lower-DRI organ. High-DRI organs were more often transplanted into lower-MELD recipients and vice versa. Compared to waiting for a lower-DRI organ, the lowest-MELD category recipients (MELD 6-8) who received high-DRI organs experienced significantly higher mortality (HR = 3.70; p < 0.0005). All recipients with MELD > or =20 had a significant survival benefit from transplantation, regardless of DRI. Transplantation of high-DRI organs is effective for high but not low-MELD candidates. Pairing of high-DRI livers with lower-MELD candidates fails to maximize survival benefit and may deny lifesaving organs to high-MELD candidates who are at high risk of death without transplantation.
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Lan BY, Landry GM, Tan VO, Bostrom A, Feng S. Ascites in hepatitis C liver transplant recipients frequently occurs in the absence of advanced fibrosis. Am J Transplant 2008; 8:366-76. [PMID: 18093276 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2007.02046.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Ascites after liver transplantation is uncommon (3-7%) but causes morbidity and mortality. Although hepatitis C (HCV), pretransplant ascites, encephalopathy and cold ischemia time have been identified as predictors, neither posttransplant renal function nor the severity of recurrent HCV (inflammatory grade; fibrosis stage) has been systematically assessed. Among 173 HCV transplants (1 January 1998 to 31 December 2002), 18 patients (10%) developed posttransplant ascites. Cox proportional hazards models identified recipient female gender (hazard ratio [HR]= 12.18; p = 0.0001), cold ischemia time (HR = 1.17 per incremental hour; p = 0.021) and posttransplant creatinine (Cr) (HR = 1.56 per incremental 1.0 mg/dL; p = 0.0052) as independent predictors. Ludwig-Batts inflammation grade (HR = 1.32; p = 0.36) and fibrosis stage (HR = 1.63; p = 0.12) were not significant predictors. The 18 recipients had 19 ascites episodes; 12/19 had fibrosis stage 0, 1 or 2 (10/12 with stage 0 or 1). All 12 lacked diagnostic parenchymal or vascular histopathology. Renal function at ascites diagnosis were similar for transplants with fibrosis stage 0, 1 or 2 versus 3 or 4 (1.8 +/- 1.6 vs. 1.6 +/- 0.6 mg/dL; Cr clearance 39.6 +/- 15.6 vs. 39.3 +/- 13.4 mL/min/1.73 m(2)). In conclusion, recipient female gender, cold ischemia time and poor posttransplant renal function were independent predictors of ascites after HCV liver transplantation. Two thirds of ascites episodes, however, occurred without significant fibrosis or histopathology.
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Shu C, Liu R, Wang R, Zhang J, Feng S, Huang D, Song F. Improving toxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis strain contains the cry8Ca gene specific to Anomala corpulenta larvae. Curr Microbiol 2007; 55:492-6. [PMID: 17805927 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-007-9018-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2007] [Accepted: 07/05/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The cry8C-type gene designated cry8Ca2, which was cloned and sequenced from a Bacillus thuringiensis isolate HBF-1 in China, consisted of an open reading frame of 3483 bp encoding a protein of 1160 amino-acid residues. Sequence analysis showed that the Cry8Ca2 protoxin of 130.5 kDa had 99.9% sequence homology with the previously reported Cry8Ca1 protein, with one mismatch between the two amino-acid sequences. When the Cry8Ca2 toxin was expressed in a crystal-negative strain of B. thuringiensis (HD-73(-)), elliptical crystals were produced. Cell extracts from this recombinant strain showed insecticidal activity against Anomala corpulenta larva. Mutant cry8Ca2 genes, produced by polymerase chain reaction amplification with Taq DNA polymerase, were used to develop recombinant B. thuringiensis strains. Mutants producing higher levels of insecticidal activity were identified by bioassay. Thirty-five mutants forming crystals were characterized, and two of them showed significantly increased insecticidal activity against A. corpulenta larva. The 50% lethality concentrations (LC(50)) of the two mutants were 0.2334 x 10(8) and 0.2591 x 10(8) colony-forming units g(-1), considerably lower than the LC(50) of the wild-type strain HBF-1 (0.9583 x 10(8) CFU g(-1)) and that of B. thuringiensis serovar japonensis strain Buibui (1.0752 x 10(8) CFU g(-1)).
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Feng S, Salter AM, Parr T, Garnsworthy PC. Extraction and Quantitative Analysis of Stearoyl-Coenzyme A Desaturase mRNA from Dairy Cow Milk Somatic Cells. J Dairy Sci 2007; 90:4128-36. [PMID: 17699030 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2006-830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Study of stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase (SCD) gene expression in the bovine mammary gland is limited by restricted availability of mammary tissue samples from biopsy or postmortem sampling of cows during temporal experiments. A technique was developed to isolate total RNA from somatic cells in bovine milk and to analyze SCD mRNA expression by quantitative reverse-transcription PCR. Total RNA yield was lower than in a previous goat study and was related to numbers of viable somatic cells. To obtain sufficient total RNA, 1-L milk samples were taken and stored for up to 24 h at 4 degrees C. Complementary DNA prepared from somatic cells showed a 99% match with the published sequence for SCD mRNA in bovine adipose tissue. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase mRNA abundance relative to beta-actin mRNA for 12 cows sampled across 4 time points varied (mean +/- SE) from 0.88 +/- 0.17 to 4.40 +/- 0.50. Fifty-five percent of variation was due to individual cows and 42% was due to daily variation within cows. Relative abundance of SCD mRNA was not related to the number of viable somatic cells or total RNA extracted from samples, but it was related to mammary desaturase activity, as indicated by changes in milk C14 fatty acid concentrations. We concluded that somatic cells provide a noninvasive and repeatable alternative to mammary tissue samples obtained by biopsy or postmortem.
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188
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Wu D, Feng S, He Y. Infrared Spectroscopy Technique for the Nondestructive Measurement of Fat Content in Milk Powder. J Dairy Sci 2007; 90:3613-9. [PMID: 17638971 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2007-0164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of the infrared spectroscopy technique for nondestructive measurement of fat content in milk powder. Fat is an important component of milk powder. It is very important to be able to detect the fat content in milk powder using a rapid and nondestructive method. Near and mid infrared spectroscopy techniques were used to achieve this purpose. Least-squares support vector machine (LS-SVM) was applied to developing the fat-content prediction model based on the infrared spectral transmission values. The results based on LS-SVM were better than those of back-propagation artificial neural networks. The determination coefficient for prediction of the results predicted by the LS-SVM model was 0.9796 and the root mean square error was 0.836708. It was concluded that infrared spectroscopy technique could quantify the fat content in milk powder rapidly and nondestructively. The process is simple and easy to operate. Moreover, the prediction results were compared between near infrared and mid infrared spectral data. The results showed that the performances of model with both mid infrared and near infrared spectral data were a little worse than that of the whole infrared spectral data. The results could be beneficial for designing a simple and nondestructive spectral sensor for the quantification of fat content in milk powder.
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Davis CL, Feng S, Sung R, Wong F, Goodrich NP, Melton LB, Reddy KR, Guidinger MK, Wilkinson A, Lake J. Simultaneous liver-kidney transplantation: evaluation to decision making. Am J Transplant 2007; 7:1702-9. [PMID: 17532752 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2007.01856.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Questions about appropriate allocation of simultaneous liver and kidney transplants (SLK) are being asked because kidney dysfunction in the context of liver failure enhances access to deceased donor organs. There is specific concern that some patients who undergo combined liver and kidney transplantation may have reversible renal failure. There is also concern that liver transplants are placed prematurely in those with end-stage renal disease. Thus to assure allocation of transplants only to those truly in need, the transplant community met in March 2006 to review post-MELD (model for end-stage liver disease) data on the impact of renal function on liver waitlist and transplant outcomes and the results of SLK.
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Ishtiaq CM, He Q, Feng S, Wang Y, Xiao PG, Cheng YY. Chemodiversity of saponins and their taxonomic importance in Clematis genus (Ranunculaceae). Pak J Biol Sci 2007; 10:2066-2072. [PMID: 19093448 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2007.2066.2072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Distribution patterns of chemical compounds in plants have been used for biosystematic and phylogenetic studies. Saponin profile of twelve major taxa of Clematis genus, belonging to sections, Rectae, Clematis, Meclatis, Tubulosae and Viorna were analyzed by HPLC coupled with diode array detector and ESI-MS. The chemodiversity profile of saponins has unambiguously delimited the taxa of Clematis at subgenus, section and subsection level. The distribution of saponins in Clematis genus provides useful taxonomic markers and results are presented in phenograms. The compound Huzhangoside D was common and the most abundant in analyzed species of the genus. The morphological analysis was also conducted of the same taxa and presented as cluster tree. The distribution and chemotaxonomic importance of saponins profile within the genus is discussed.
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191
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Yu M, Zhang C, Zhang Y, Feng S, Yao X, Lu X. BM stem cell transplantation rescues pathophysiologic features of aged dystrophic mdx muscle. Cytotherapy 2007; 9:44-52. [PMID: 17354101 DOI: 10.1080/14653240601114815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The value of transplantation of BM stem cells in aged (12-month-old) mdx was evaluated because it is thought to be a more ideal model for studying the praxiology of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). The possible mechanisms of stem cell differentiation were then discussed. METHODS BM was isolated from 8-10-week-old male C57 BL/10 mice. After injecting BM cells into 12-month-old female mdx mice through the tail vein, the expression of dystrophin and MyoD was detected at different time points by immunofluorescence staining, RT-PCR and Western blot. RESULTS The C57 male mice donor-specific and Y-chromosome-specific sequence could be detected in all female aged mdx mice, implying the success of the transplantation. Expression of dystrophin and MyoD was detected and increased over time. DISCUSSION BM cells were recruited to the muscle and partially restored specific pathophysiologic features of the dystrophic muscle in aged mdx mice. Muscle differentiation of BM cells recapitulated embryonic myogenesis.
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Fu J, Li P, Ouyang X, Gu C, Song Z, Gao J, Han L, Feng S, Tian S, Hu B. Rapid eye movement sleep deprivation selectively impairs recall of fear extinction in hippocampus-independent tasks in rats. Neuroscience 2007; 144:1186-92. [PMID: 17157993 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2006.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2006] [Revised: 10/23/2006] [Accepted: 10/31/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that rapid eye movement (REM) sleep deprivation (RSD) exerts a detrimental effect on some memory tasks. However, whether post-learning RSD impairs memory for fear extinction, an important model of inhibitory learning, remains to be elucidated. The present study examined the effects of post-extinction RSD from 0 to 6 h and 6 to 12 h on recall of fear extinction tested 24 h after extinction training. We found that RSD from 0 to 6 h significantly increased freezing when recall of extinction of cued fear was tested in the context in which rats received extinction training whereas RSD from 6 to 12 h had no effect (experiments 1 and 2, two hippocampus-independent memory tasks). RSD at either time point had no effect on freezing when recall of extinction of cued fear was tested in the context different from that in which extinction training occurred (experiment 3, a hippocampus-dependent memory task). Additionally, we observed no effect of RSD at either time point on freezing during recall test for extinction of contextual fear (experiment 4, a hippocampus-dependent memory task). These results suggest that the effects of post-extinction RSD on memory for fear extinction are complex. RSD impairs recall of fear extinction in hippocampus-independent tasks, but does not affect recall of fear extinction in hippocampus-dependent tasks. Our findings extend previous research on the effects of RSD on learning and memory and support the notion that REM sleep is involved in memory process of certain tasks.
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Zhu C, Feng S, Yang Z, Davis K, Rios H, Kaper JB, Boedeker EC. LEE-encoded regulator (Ler) mutants elicit serotype-specific protection, but not cross protection, against attaching and effacing E. coli strains. Vaccine 2007; 25:1884-92. [PMID: 17234305 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2006] [Revised: 09/28/2006] [Accepted: 10/05/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We previously showed that single dose orogastric immunization with an attenuated regulatory Lee-encoded regulator (ler) mutant of the rabbit enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (REPEC) strain E22 (O103:H2) protected rabbits from fatal infection with the highly virulent parent strain. In the current study we assessed the degree of homologous (serotype-specific) and heterologous (cross-serotype) protection induced by immunization with REPEC ler mutant strains of differing serotypes, or with a prototype strain RDEC-1 (O15:H-) which expresses a full array of ler up-regulated proteins. We constructed an additional ler mutant using RDEC-1 thus, permitting immunization with a ler mutant of either serotype, O15 or O103, followed by challenge with a virulent REPEC strain of the same or different serotypes. Consistent with our previous data, the current study demonstrated that rabbits immunized with a RDEC-1 ler mutant were protected from challenge with virulent RDEC-H19A (RDEC-1 transduced with Shiga toxin-producing phage H19A) of the same serotype. Rabbits immunized with RDEC-1 or E22 derivative ler mutants demonstrated significant increase in serum antibody titers to the respective whole bacterial cells expressing O antigen but not to the LEE-encoded proteins. However, immunization with the ler mutants of either E22 or RDEC-1 failed to protect rabbits from infections with virulent organisms belonging to different serotypes. In contrast, rabbits immunized with the prototype RDEC-1 were cross protected against challenge with the heterologous E22 strain as shown by normal weight gain, and the absence of clinical signs of disease or characteristic attaching and effacing (A/E) lesions. Immunization with RDEC-1 induced significantly elevated serum IgG titers to LEE-encoded proteins. We thus, demonstrated homologous protection induced by the REPEC ler mutants and heterologous protection by RDEC-1. The observed correlation between elevated immune responses to the LEE-encoded proteins and the protection against challenge with heterologous virulent REPEC strain suggests that serotype-non-specific cross protection requires the expression of, and induction of antibody to, LEE-encoded virulence factors.
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Baskin-Bey ES, Washburn K, Feng S, Oltersdorf T, Shapiro D, Huyghe M, Burgart L, Garrity-Park M, van Vilsteren FGI, Oliver LK, Rosen CB, Gores GJ. Clinical Trial of the Pan-Caspase Inhibitor, IDN-6556, in Human Liver Preservation Injury. Am J Transplant 2007; 7:218-25. [PMID: 17227570 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2006.01595.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Cold ischemia/warm reperfusion (CI/WR) injury remains a problem in liver transplantation. The aim of the current study was to assess the utility of the pan-caspase inhibitor IDN-6556 on CI/WR injury during human liver transplantation. This report is a post hoc analysis of a Phase II, multi-center, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, parallel group study. Subjects were assigned to four treatment groups: Group 1 (Organ storage/flush: Placebo-Recipient: Placebo); Group 2 (Organ storage/flush: 15 microg/mL-Recipient: Placebo); Group 3 (Organ storage/flush: 5 microg/mL-Recipient: 0.5 mg/kg); and Group 4 (Organ storage/flush: 15 microg/mL-Recipient: 0.5 mg/kg). Liver cell apoptosis was assessed by serum concentrations of the apoptosis-associated CK18Asp396 ('M30') neo-epitope, TUNEL assay and caspase 3/7 immunohistochemistry. Liver injury was assessed by serum AST/ALT determinations. Serum markers of liver cell apoptosis were reduced in all groups receiving drug as compared to placebo. However, TUNEL, caspase 3/7 positive cells and serum AST/ALT levels were only consistently reduced in Group 2 (drug exposed to organ only). This reduction in serum transaminases was significant and observed across the study. In conclusion, IDN-6556 when administered in cold storage and flush solutions during liver transplantation offers local therapeutic protection against CI/WR-mediated apoptosis and injury. However, larger studies are required to confirm these observations.
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Feng S, Ochieng W, Mautz R. An Area Computation Based Method for RAIM Holes Assessment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.5081/jgps.5.1.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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196
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Ying BW, Fan H, Liu TT, Zhao ZH, Liang ZH, Feng S, Yuan WA, Yun LB. Genetic variation for five short tandem repeat loci in a Central China population sample. J Forensic Sci 2006; 51:1201. [PMID: 17018111 DOI: 10.1111/j.1556-4029.2006.00244.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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197
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Brennan TV, Fuller TF, Vincenti F, Chan S, Chang CK, Bostrom A, Zlatunich JK, Tomlanovich SJ, Feng S. Living donor kidney transplant recipients and clinical trials: participation profiles and impact on post-transplant care. Am J Transplant 2006; 6:2429-35. [PMID: 16925565 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2006.01504.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Many transplant physicians believe that transplant candidates who enroll in clinical trials may have better outcomes than those who do not enroll. We examined a 7-year cohort (1997-2003) of adult primary, non-HLA identical, living donor kidney transplant (LDKT) recipients to determine whether demographic characteristics predisposed to enrollment and whether participation affected posttransplant care intensity and/or allograft function. Overall, 146 of 512 (28.5%) LDKT recipients enrolled in clinical trials. LDKT recipients who were male and those who lived <100 miles from our transplant center were significantly more likely to participate. During the first post-transplant year, study patients (SPs) had more clinic visits (p < 0.0001) and more allograft biopsies (p = 0.024) compared to nonstudy patients (NSPs), but comparable numbers of hospital readmissions and allograft ultrasounds. SPs and NSPs did not differ in 1-year creatinine clearance, delta creatinine or rejection incidence. Overall graft and patient survival were comparable. We conclude that clinical trial participants were disproportionately male, had increased intensity of post-transplant care but comparable outcomes to nonparticipants.
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ElSohly MA, Gul W, Feng S, Nanayakkara NPD, Clark AM, Khan S, Cogswell FB, Walker LA. GC-MS Analysis of the 8-Aminoquinoline Antimalarial [NPC1161] and its Carboxy Metabolite in Plasma and Red Blood Cells of Primates. Chromatographia 2006. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-006-0015-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Feng S, Barr M, Roberts J, Oberbauer R, Kaplan B. Developments in clinical islet, liver thoracic, kidney and pancreas transplantation in the last 5 years. Am J Transplant 2006; 6:1759-67. [PMID: 16771814 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2006.01402.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Although organ transplantation has matured into a proven therapy for end-stage organ failure, the many notable developments of the past 5 years speak to the multitude of remaining challenges. Two new procedures, islet transplantation and adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation, have emerged to enlarge our therapeutic armamentarium for Type 1 diabetes mellitus and end-stage liver disease, respectively. In cardiac transplantation, the acceptance of ventricular assist devices as destination therapy is a notable event in light of critical shortage of deceased donor organs. Both liver and lung allocation policies have made a dramatic paradigm shift away from waiting time toward the survival benefit of transplantation. Finally, primary threats to post-transplant longevity have gained an increasing share of the spotlight. Recognition of the impact of renal insufficiency for all nonrenal transplant recipients, of recurrent hepatitis C virus for liver recipients, and of accelerated vasculopathy for cardiac have identified novel end points for clinical trials.
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