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Ko YG, Kim EY, Kim T, Park H, Park HS, Choi EJ, Kim S. Glutamine-dependent antiapoptotic interaction of human glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase with apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:6030-6. [PMID: 11096076 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m006189200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutamine has been known to be an apoptosis suppressor, since it blocks apoptosis induced by heat shock, irradiation, and c-Myc overexpression. Here, we demonstrated that HeLa cells were susceptible to Fas-mediated apoptosis under the condition of glutamine deprivation. Fas ligation activated apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK; also known as stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK)) in Gln-deprived cells but not in normal cells, suggesting that Gln might be involved in the activity control of ASK1 and JNK/SAPK. As one of the possible mechanisms for the suppressive effect of Gln on ASK1, we investigated the molecular interaction between human glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase (QRS) and ASK1 and found the Gln-dependent association of the two molecules. While their association was enhanced by the elevation of Gln concentration, they were dissociated by Fas ligation within 5 min. The association involved the catalytic domains of the two enzymes. The ASK1 activity was inhibited by the interaction with QRS as determined by in vitro kinase and transcription assays. Finally, we have shown that QRS inhibited the cell death induced by ASK1, and this antiapoptotic function of QRS was weakened by the deprivation of Gln. Thus, the antiapoptotic interaction of QRS with ASK1 is controlled positively by the cellular concentration of Gln and negatively by Fas ligation. The results of this work provide one possible explanation for the working mechanism of the antiapoptotic activity of Gln and suggest a novel function of mammalian ARSs.
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McPherson JD, Marra M, Hillier L, Waterston RH, Chinwalla A, Wallis J, Sekhon M, Wylie K, Mardis ER, Wilson RK, Fulton R, Kucaba TA, Wagner-McPherson C, Barbazuk WB, Gregory SG, Humphray SJ, French L, Evans RS, Bethel G, Whittaker A, Holden JL, McCann OT, Dunham A, Soderlund C, Scott CE, Bentley DR, Schuler G, Chen HC, Jang W, Green ED, Idol JR, Maduro VV, Montgomery KT, Lee E, Miller A, Emerling S, Gibbs R, Scherer S, Gorrell JH, Sodergren E, Clerc-Blankenburg K, Tabor P, Naylor S, Garcia D, de Jong PJ, Catanese JJ, Nowak N, Osoegawa K, Qin S, Rowen L, Madan A, Dors M, Hood L, Trask B, Friedman C, Massa H, Cheung VG, Kirsch IR, Reid T, Yonescu R, Weissenbach J, Bruls T, Heilig R, Branscomb E, Olsen A, Doggett N, Cheng JF, Hawkins T, Myers RM, Shang J, Ramirez L, Schmutz J, Velasquez O, Dixon K, Stone NE, Cox DR, Haussler D, Kent WJ, Furey T, Rogic S, Kennedy S, Jones S, Rosenthal A, Wen G, Schilhabel M, Gloeckner G, Nyakatura G, Siebert R, Schlegelberger B, Korenberg J, Chen XN, Fujiyama A, Hattori M, Toyoda A, Yada T, Park HS, Sakaki Y, Shimizu N, Asakawa S, Kawasaki K, Sasaki T, Shintani A, Shimizu A, Shibuya K, Kudoh J, Minoshima S, Ramser J, Seranski P, Hoff C, Poustka A, Reinhardt R, Lehrach H. A physical map of the human genome. Nature 2001; 409:934-41. [PMID: 11237014 DOI: 10.1038/35057157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 549] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The human genome is by far the largest genome to be sequenced, and its size and complexity present many challenges for sequence assembly. The International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium constructed a map of the whole genome to enable the selection of clones for sequencing and for the accurate assembly of the genome sequence. Here we report the construction of the whole-genome bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) map and its integration with previous landmark maps and information from mapping efforts focused on specific chromosomal regions. We also describe the integration of sequence data with the map.
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Park HS, Kim HY, Lee SK, Kim SS, Nahm DH. Diverse profiles of specific IgE response to toluene diisocyanate (TDI)-human serum albumin conjugate in TDI-induced asthma patients. J Korean Med Sci 2001; 16:57-61. [PMID: 11289402 PMCID: PMC3054578 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2001.16.1.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence studies on specific IgE to toluene diisocyanate (TDI)-human serum albumin (HSA) conjugate in TDI-induced asthma have shown variable results. In this study, we attempted to compare specific IgE bindings to TDI-HSA conjugate and its specificity using 3 different conjugates. Sera were collected from 20 TDI-induced asthma and 10 controls. Specific IgE were measured by ELISA using three TDI-HSA conjugates; two from Carnegie Mellon (CM; 98 and 99 CM conjugates) and one from Ajou University. To evaluate specificity and cross-reactivity, ELISA inhibition tests were applied. Positive and negative predictive values between Ajou conjugate and 98 CM conjugate were 75% and 100%. Those between Ajou and 99 CM were 100% and 93.8%. One patient showed an isolated positive response to the Ajou with negative responses to the other two conjugates. ELISA inhibition test using this patient's serum revealed the significant inhibitions by the Ajou and minimal inhibitions by the others. On the other hand, another patient showed an isolated positive response to 99 CM with negative responses to the others, and ELISA inhibition test showed significant inhibition by 99 CM with minimal inhibitions by the others. These results suggest that specific IgE bindings to a new antigenic determinant of TDI-HSA conjugate can be heterogeneous and differ from one individual to another.
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Kim HY, Park HS, Kim YK, Son JW, Kim HA, Suh JH, Nahm DH, Cho SH, Min KU, Kim YY. Identification of IgE-binding components of citrus red mite in sera of patients with citrus red mite-induced asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2001; 107:244-8. [PMID: 11174189 DOI: 10.1067/mai.2001.112123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our previous investigations demonstrated that citrus red mite (CRM) antigen could cause IgE-mediated bronchoconstriction in exposed farmers working on citrus farms. OBJECTIVE This study was performed to confirm IgE-binding components and major allergens within the CRM antigens. METHODS Ten subjects who had been diagnosed as having CRM-induced asthma were enrolled. Serum-specific IgE antibodies to CRM antigens were measured by using an ELISA. To identify IgE-binding components and major allergens, SDS-PAGE, 2-dimensional PAGE, IgE-immunoblot analysis, and amino acid sequencing of major allergens were performed. RESULTS All the asthmatic subjects had high specific IgE antibodies to CRMs. Twelve percent SDS-PAGE analysis showed more than 10 protein bands ranging from 6 to 64 kd. SDS-PAGE and IgE-immunoblot analysis with each individual serum showed 5 IgE-binding components (11, 24, 35, 40, and 64 kd), with 2 (24 and 35 kd) of them bound in more than 50% of the study subjects. Two-dimensional PAGE and IgE-immunoblot analysis demonstrated that the major allergen at 24 kd had 2 bands with different isoelectric points of 4.75 and 5.1. Thirty-five kilodaltons had one band with an isoelectric point of 4.75. All amino acid sequencing of the 2 major allergens was performed, which was not homologous with any previously characterized allergens. CONCLUSION Five IgE-binding components and 2 major allergens (24 and 35 kd) were identified within the CRM antigen. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the 2 major allergens (24 and 35 kd) was determined.
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Park SW, Choi K, Kim IC, Lee HH, Hooper NM, Park HS. Endogenous glycosylphosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C releases renal dipeptidase from kidney proximal tubules in vitro. Biochem J 2001; 353:339-44. [PMID: 11139399 PMCID: PMC1221577 DOI: 10.1042/0264-6021:3530339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Spontaneous enzymic release of renal dipeptidase (RDPase; EC 3.4.13.19), a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked ectoenzyme, was observed in vitro during incubation of porcine proximal tubules at 37 degrees C. Triton X-114 phase separation of the released RDPase showed that the majority of the enzyme activity partitioned into the aqueous phase, indicating its hydrophilic nature. Immunoblot analyses using an antibody against the cross-reacting determinant (CRD) inositol 1,2-cyclic monophosphate, the epitope formed by phospholipase C (PLC) cleavage of the GPI anchor on a protein, detected the released RDPase. Reprobing the immunoblot with an anti-RDPase serum showed the RDPase band co-migrating with the CRD band. The release of RDPase from the proximal tubules was a Ca(2+)-dependent process and had a pH optimum of 9.0. These results indicate that RDPase is released from the proximal tubules by the action of a distinct endogenous GPI-specific PLC.
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Lim YJ, Park HS, Im KS, Lee C, Hong J, Lee M, Kim Dk D, Jung JH. Additional cytotoxic polyacetylenes from the marine sponge Petrosia species. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2001; 64:46-53. [PMID: 11170665 DOI: 10.1021/np000252d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Ten new polyacetylenic alcohols (1-6, 8-11), along with a known compound, petrocortyne C (7), were isolated from the marine sponge Petrosia sp. The gross structures were established based on NMR and MS data, and the absolute configuration was determined by the modified Mosher's method. These compounds displayed considerable cytotoxicity against a small panel of human solid tumor cell lines. Compounds 1-11 were further evaluated for in vitro inhibitory activity on DNA replication.
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Park HS. Lambda-shaped implant for augmentation of anterior nasal spine in Asian rhinoplasty as an ancillary procedure. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2001; 25:8-14. [PMID: 11322402 DOI: 10.1007/s002660010086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
There is often a preexisting acute columella-labial angle in Asian noses and in most of these cases, the nasal spine is underdeveloped or sometimes even absent. Moreover, nasal tip projection by a tip graft or cephalic rotation of the nasal tip may get worse at the retracted columella-labial junction in the Asian nose with an underdeveloped anterior nasal spine, thus requiring the use of a maxillary spine graft or an implant. In many instances, however, the ideal source of autogenous tissue may not be available or the donor site for these tissues may be objectionable. So I have designed the lambda-shaped silicone implant for augmenting the underdeveloped anterior nasal spine (ANS) to correct the acute columella-labial angle. From March, 1996 until September, 1999, I have done ANS augmentations using the lambda-shaped silicone implant in Asian rhinoplasty on 37 female patients. The correction of an acute columella-labial angle was readily accomplished by application of the lambda-shaped implant using the unilateral intranasal approach. The author suggests that ANS augmentation with the lambda-shaped implant is a simple and effective method as an ancillary procedure in Asian rhinoplasty providing esthetically pleasing results in properly selected Asian patients.
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Park HS, Jung KS, Jee SY, Hong SH, Kim HY, Nahm DH. Are there any links between Hop Japanese pollen and other weed pollens or food allergens on skin prick tests? Allergy Asthma Proc 2001; 22:43-6. [PMID: 11227917 DOI: 10.2500/108854101778249186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Recent investigations suggest that the importance of Hop Japanese pollen, which has been known as one of the major causative weed pollens, is increasing in this country. There have been few data dealing with the allergenic relationship between Hop J pollen and other food or inhalant allergens. Among 2909 patients who visited the Allergy Clinic of Ajou University Hospital, Suwon, Korea, 471 patients sensitized to Hop J, mugwort, or ragweed pollens on skin-prick test were enrolled. Positive rates to common inhalant or food allergens and their allergenic relationships with other pollens or food allergens were analyzed based upon skin-prick test results. The positive rates to sunflower, fat hen, nettle, grass (Bermuda, Orchard) and tree (alder, birch, and poplar) pollen were significantly higher in those sensitized to Hop J pollen than in those of negative responders (p < 0.05, respectively). No significant associations were noted with ragweed or mugwort pollen (p > 0.05, respectively). In regard to food-related allergens, an association was noted between Hop (Humulus lupulus) or celery allergens in those sensitized to Hop J pollen (p < 0.05, respectively). Hop J pollen may have possible links with celery, Hop, and sunflower pollens on skin-prick test. Further in vitro investigations will be needed to evaluate the possibility of cross-reacting components between them.
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Park HS, Bauer S, Oescher J. Religiousness as a predictor of alcohol use in high school students. JOURNAL OF DRUG EDUCATION 2001; 31:289-303. [PMID: 11696965 DOI: 10.2190/v06d-2lxr-e3f6-9r6y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between religiousness and alcohol use of adolescents. A sample of high school seniors was drawn based on the second follow-up National Educational Longitudinal Study of 1988 (NELS:88). Multiple regression was employed using a hierarchical strategy to determine the impact of religiousness on alcohol use when accounting for other factors that have been shown to affect alcohol use. The results provide support for examining religiousness variables as predictors of alcohol use patterns for adolescents. Also, inconsistent patterns between Asian-American, Hispanic, African-American, and Caucasian students were detected. Implications of the study and suggestions for future research are offered.
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Park HS, Huh SH, Kim MS, Lee SH, Choi EJ. Nitric oxide negatively regulates c-Jun N-terminal kinase/stress-activated protein kinase by means of S-nitrosylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2000; 97:14382-7. [PMID: 11121042 PMCID: PMC18927 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.97.26.14382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
NO, produced from l-arginine in a reaction catalyzed by NO synthase, is an endogenous free radical with multiple functions in mammalian cells. Here, we demonstrate that endogenously produced NO can suppress c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation in intact cells. Treatment of BV-2 murine microglial cells with IFN-gamma induced endogenous NO production, concomitantly suppressing JNK1 activation. Similarly, IFN-gamma induced suppression of JNK1 activation in RAW264.7 murine macrophage cells and rat alveolar macrophages. The IFN-gamma-induced suppression of JNK1 activation in BV-2, RAW264.7, or rat alveolar macrophage cells was completely prevented by N(G)-nitro-l-arginine, a NO synthase inhibitor. Interestingly, the IFN-gamma-induced suppression of JNK1 activation was not affected by 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one, an inhibitor of guanylyl cyclase. 8-Bromo-cGMP, a membrane-permeant analogue of cGMP, did not change JNK1 activation in intact cells either. In contrast, S-nitro-N-acetyl-dl-penicillamine (SNAP), a NO donor, inhibited JNK1 activity in vitro. Furthermore, a thiol reducing agent, DTT, reversed not only the in vitro inhibition of JNK1 activity by SNAP but also the in vivo suppression of JNK1 activity by IFN-gamma. Substitution of serine for cysteine-116 in JNK1 abolished the inhibitory effect of IFN-gamma or SNAP on JNK1 activity in vivo or in vitro, respectively. Moreover, IFN-gamma enhanced endogenous S-nitrosylation of JNK1 in RAW264.7 cells. Collectively, our data suggest that endogenous NO mediates the IFN-gamma-induced suppression of JNK1 activation in macrophage cells by means of a thiol-redox mechanism.
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Kim YK, Park HW, Park HS, Kim HY, Kim SH, Bai JM, Cho SH, Kim YY, Min KU. Sensitivity to citrus red mite and the development of asthma. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2000; 85:483-8. [PMID: 11152170 DOI: 10.1016/s1081-1206(10)62576-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The citrus red mite (Panonychus citri, CRM) is an important allergen in the development of asthma and/or rhinitis in citrus farmers and a common sensitizing allergen among exposed children. The aim of this study was to evaluate CRM-induced skin responses and serum-specific IgE, IgG4, and IgG1 responses, and their role in the development of asthmatic symptoms among exposed adolescents. METHODS A total of 100 adolescents between the ages of 15 and 16 years (59 males and 41 females) were randomly recruited. All of the subjects responded to the ISAAC questionnaire themselves. Skin prick tests to CRM were carried out and serum-specific IgE, IgG4, and IgG1 levels were measured using ELISA. RESULTS Fourteen subjects (14%) had experienced wheezing during last 12 months. The wheal size formed by CRM was larger than 3 mm in 23 subjects (23%). Serum-specific IgE levels were elevated in 21 subjects (21%), IgG4 levels were elevated in 32 subjects (32%), and IgG1 levels were elevated in five subjects (5%). The prevalence of wheezing during last 12 months was significantly higher in subjects with positive skin responses and serum-specific IgE responses induced by CRM than in those with negative skin responses and low serum IgE responses (30.4% versus 9.0%, P < .05; 33.3% versus 8.7%, P < .05). The prevalence of wheezing, however, did not differ according to serum-specific IgG4 levels (9.4% versus 16.2%, P > .05). Skin responses to CRM showed a significant correlation with serum-specific IgE levels, but not with IgG1 and IgG4 levels. Serum CRM-specific IgE levels correlated with specific IgG1 and IgG4 levels, but no significant correlation was found between serum IgG1 and IgG4 levels. CONCLUSION The specific IgE responses induced by CRM were prevalent among adolescents living near citrus farms, and may be important in the development of asthma. The specific IgG4 and IgG responses induced by CRM play a minimal role in the development of asthma symptoms.
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Nahm DH, Yim H, Lee HJ, Yim EJ, Choi EA, Kim SS, Lee SK, Park HS. Presence of circulating autoantibodies against bronchial epithelia cell in patients with nonatopic asthma. J Korean Med Sci 2000; 15:631-4. [PMID: 11194188 PMCID: PMC3054709 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2000.15.6.631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic response to common environmental agents has been regarded as a main pathogenetic mechanism of bronchial asthma. However, allergic sensitization (atopy) can not be detected in a siginificant number of adult asthmatic patients. The etiology of nonatopic asthma has not yet been defined. To evaluate the possible involvement of autoimmune response against bronchial mucosa in the pathogenesis of nonatopic asthma, we performed indirect immunofluorescence staining of fresh frozen human bronchial mucosa tissue using serum samples from patients with atopic and nonatopic asthma, healthy controls, and patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. On immunostaining, circulating IgG autoantibodies against bronchial mucosa were detected in 2 (9.1%) of 22 patients with nonatopic asthma and in none of 22 patients with atopic asthma and of 22 healthy controls. IgG autoantibodies from the two patients with nonatopic asthma predominantly stained the cytoplasmic membrane of basal cells in bronchial epithelium. Serum samples from 10 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus immunostained the nucleus of epithelial cells in whole layer of bronchial epithelium. This study showed the presence of circulating IgG autoantibodies against the bronchial epithelial cell in a small portion of patients with nonatopic asthma. Further studies may be necessary to evaluate the possible involvement of autoimmune mechanism in the pathogenesis of nonatopic asthma.
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Kim YS, Park HS, Sunwoo S, Byeon JJ, Song YM, Seo HG, Kim CH, Cheon KS, Yoo SM, Lee JK. Short-term safety and tolerability of antihypertensive agents in Korean patients: an observational study. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2000; 9:603-9. [PMID: 11338920 DOI: 10.1002/pds.554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In order to assess the short-term safety and tolerability of newly prescribed antihypertensive monotherapies in Korean patients, a prospective study was carried out. METHODS A total of 1181 patients were observed from July 1997 to August 1999. At 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after initiation of antihypertensive monotherapy, the patients were evaluated for whether treatment was to be continued and the development of any adverse reactions. RESULTS During the first 12 weeks, the percentage of subjects continuing with their initial angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) (40.7%) was substantially lower than that of subjects continuing with angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARA) (66.2%), alpha-blockers (63.0%), calcium channel blockers (CCB) (61.3%), beta-blockers (55.8%), and diuretics (53.5%), respectively (P < 0.01). The following adverse reactions were detected: cough (7.5%), headache (6.1%), dizziness (3.9%), flushing (3.7%) and impotence (2.4%). Cough, headache, and flushing were more frequent in women, and impotence and loss of libido were more frequent in men (P < 0.05). The incidence of cough associated with ACEI (27.9%) was higher than that associated with the other classes of drugs (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The tolerability of antihypertensive medication was highest in Korean patients treated with ARAs, followed by CCBs, beta-blockers, diuretics, alpha-blockers, and ACEIs. The incidences of adverse reactions were different by sex, age and drug class.
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Lee SK, Kim SS, Nahm DH, Park HS, Oh YJ, Park KJ, Kim SO, Kim SJ. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis caused by Fusarium napiforme in a home environment. Allergy 2000; 55:1190-3. [PMID: 11117278 DOI: 10.1034/j.1398-9995.2000.00650.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We report a case of hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) in a 17-year-old male student caused by Fusarium napiforme found in his home environment. METHODS The patient was diagnosed according to history, chest radiograph, spirometry, high-resolution chest CT, and transbronchial lung biopsy. To identify the causative agent, cultured aeromolds were collected by the open-plate method. From the main fungi cultured, fungal antigens were prepared, and immunoblot analysis with the patient's serum and each fungal antigen was performed. RESULTS Five fungal species were isolated from the patient's home. Immunoblotting analysis with the patient's serum demonstrated more than 10 IgG-binding fractions to F. napiforme extract only, while little binding was noted with the other fungal antigens. CONCLUSIONS We should be aware that HP may be caused by F. napiforme in the home environment.
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Sakaki Y, Hattori M, Toyoda A, Watanabe H, Yada T, Taylor T, Park HS, Totoki Y, Fujiyama A. [Determination of DNA sequence of the whole chromosome 21]. TANPAKUSHITSU KAKUSAN KOSO. PROTEIN, NUCLEIC ACID, ENZYME 2000; 45:2520-7. [PMID: 11086412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
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Park HS, Park HJ. Effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid on secretagogue-induced exocrine secretion of isolated, perfused rat pancreas. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2000; 279:G677-82. [PMID: 11005753 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.2000.279.4.g677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Because GABA and its related enzymes have been determined in beta-cells of pancreas islets, effects of GABA on pancreatic exocrine secretion were investigated in the isolated, perfused rat pancreas. GABA, given intra-arterially at concentrations of 3, 10, 30, and 100 microM, did not exert any influence on spontaneous or secretin (12 pM)-induced pancreatic exocrine secretion. However, GABA further elevated CCK (10 pM)-, gastrin-releasing peptide (100 pM)-, or electrical field stimulation-induced pancreatic secretions of fluid and amylase dose dependently. The GABA (30 microM)-enhanced CCK-induced pancreatic secretions were completely blocked by bicuculline (10 microM), a GABA(A) receptor antagonist, but were not affected by saclofen (10 microM), a GABA(B) receptor antagonist. The enhancing effects of GABA (30 microM) on CCK-induced pancreatic secretions were not changed by tetrodotoxin (1 microM) but were partially reduced by cyclo-(7-aminoheptanonyl-Phe-D-Trp-Lys-Thr[BZL]) (10 nM), a somatostatin antagonist. In conclusion, GABA enhances pancreatic exocrine secretion induced by secretagogues, which predominantly induce enzyme secretion, via GABA(A) receptors in the rat pancreas. The enhancing effect of GABA is partially mediated by inhibition of islet somatostatin release.
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Blaskovich MA, Lin Q, Delarue FL, Sun J, Park HS, Coppola D, Hamilton AD, Sebti SM. Design of GFB-111, a platelet-derived growth factor binding molecule with antiangiogenic and anticancer activity against human tumors in mice. Nat Biotechnol 2000; 18:1065-70. [PMID: 11017044 DOI: 10.1038/80257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We have designed a molecule, GFB-111, that binds to platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), prevents it from binding to its receptor tyrosine kinase, and blocks PDGF-induced receptor autophosphorylation, activation of Erk1 and Erk2 kinases, and DNA synthesis. GFB-111 is highly potent (IC50 = 250 nM) and selective for PDGF over EGF, IGF-1, aFGF, bFGF, and HRGbeta (IC50 values > 100 microM), but inhibits VEGF-induced Flk-1 tyrosine phosphorylation and Erk1/Erk2 activation with an IC50 of 10 microM. GFB-111 treatment of nude mice bearing human tumors resulted in significant inhibition of tumor growth and angiogenesis. The results demonstrate the feasibility of designing novel growth factor-binding molecules with potent anticancer and antiangiogenic activity.
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MESH Headings
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors/chemistry
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors/metabolism
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents/metabolism
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Cell Division/drug effects
- Cell Line
- DNA/biosynthesis
- Drug Design
- Endothelial Growth Factors/antagonists & inhibitors
- Endothelial Growth Factors/pharmacology
- Enzyme Activation/drug effects
- Glioblastoma/blood supply
- Glioblastoma/drug therapy
- Glioblastoma/pathology
- Humans
- Inhibitory Concentration 50
- Lymphokines/antagonists & inhibitors
- Lymphokines/pharmacology
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
- Neoplasm Transplantation
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/drug therapy
- Peptides, Cyclic/chemistry
- Peptides, Cyclic/metabolism
- Peptides, Cyclic/pharmacology
- Peptides, Cyclic/therapeutic use
- Phosphorylation/drug effects
- Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/antagonists & inhibitors
- Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/metabolism
- Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/pharmacology
- Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism
- Receptors, Growth Factor/metabolism
- Receptors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/metabolism
- Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor
- Substrate Specificity
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
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Park HC, Sohn MJ, Kim EY, Han HS, Park HS. Spinal clear cell meningioma presented with progressive paraparesis in infancy. Childs Nerv Syst 2000; 16:607-10. [PMID: 11048638 DOI: 10.1007/pl00007302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Clear cell meningioma, about 20 cases of which have been reported in the literature, is a morphological variant of meningioma. The authors report a case of spinal clear cell meningioma that occurred in a child. A 14-month-old girl showed gradually progressive paraparesis 1 month after she started to walk. Magnetic resonance image showed an intradural extramedullary mass compressing the conus medullaris and cauda equina. Complete excision of the tumor was done, and the patient gradually recovered from motor weakness and neurogenic bladder. Histological examinations along with immunohistochemical and ultrastructural investigations allowed a diagnosis of clear cell meningioma. During the follow-up period, a recurrent mass lesion was detected on the 8-month follow-up MR image in the same region. Because clear cell meningioma might be biologically aggressive, postoperative adjuvant therapy and close follow-up investigation should be considered.
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Lee MH, Cho SH, Park HS, Bahn JW, Lee BJ, Son JW, Kim YK, Koh YY, Min KU, Kim YY. Citrus red mite (Panonychus citri) is a common sensitizing allergen among children living around citrus orchards. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2000; 85:200-4. [PMID: 11030274 DOI: 10.1016/s1081-1206(10)62467-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A recent investigation has suggested that Panonychus citri (citrus red mite) is the most common causative allergen in citrus-cultivating farmers with asthma or allergic rhinitis. OBJECTIVE A cross-sectional survey was performed to evaluate the prevalence of asthma and sensitization to P. citri among children living around citrus orchards. METHODS A total of 1,055 children living around citrus orchards were enrolled. There were 544 boys and 511 girls with a mean age of 12.3 (range 7 to 16) years. They were evaluated by the ISAAC questionnaire, and a skin prick test with 13 common aeroallergens including P. citri and Japanese cedar pollen. Children who recorded ever having experienced wheezing on the questionnaire were evaluated by methacholine bronchial provocation test and determined to have asthma if they showed bronchial hyperresponsiveness to methacholine simultaneously. RESULTS The positive skin test response to one or more inhalant allergens except P. citri was 35.5%, but when including P. citri, the positive response increased to 37.7%. The most common sensitizing allergens in the order of decreasing frequency were Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (26.6%), D. farinae (22.7%), P. citri (14.2%), cockroach (11.3%), and Japanese cedar pollen (9.7%). Among the children without sensitization to house dust mites, the sensitization rate to P. citri was significantly higher in those 13 and over than in those under 12 (5.8% versus 2.5%, P < .05). The prevalence of asthma was not different between the children with sensitization to P. citri and those without it (5.4% versus 4.0%, P > .05), although the prevalence was higher in those with sensitization to D. pteronyssinus or D. farinae than in those without sensitization to these allergens (7.9% versus 2.9%, P < .05; 9.7% versus 2.6%, P < .05). CONCLUSION Citrus red mite is a common sensitizing allergen among children living around citrus orchards. The features of sensitization and development of asthma are different between citrus red mite and house dust mites.
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Park HS, Kim HY, Kim YK, Son JW, Nahm DH, Cho SH, Min K, Kim YY. Specific IgG1 and IgG4 antibodies to citrus red mite in citrus farmers: a study of their relationship to respiratory symptoms. J Korean Med Sci 2000; 15:407-12. [PMID: 10983688 PMCID: PMC3054667 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2000.15.4.407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Citrus red mite (CRM) is known as the most common sensitizing allergen in subjects with asthma and rhinitis working on citrus farms. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of specific IgG1 (slgG1) and specific IgG4 (slgG4) to CRM in citrus farmers. Questionnaire survey and skin prick test including CRM antigen was done by 136 workers. Specific IgE (slgE), slgG1 and slgG4 to CRM were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). CRM-sensitive-asthma was diagnosed upon presence of asthmatic symptoms by questionnaire, airway hyperresponsiveness to methacholine and slgE to CRM. CRM-sensitive rhinitis was diagnosed upon presence of rhinitis symptoms and slgE to CRM. Eleven (8.1%) had CRM-sensitive asthma and 25 (18.4%) had CRM-sensitive rhinitis. Significant association was noted between presence of asthmatic symptoms and slgE or slgG4 (p<0.05, respectively), while no significant association was noted in slgG1 (p>0.05). Significant association was noted in the prevalence between slgG4 and slgE (p<0.05), while no significant association was noted between slgG1 and slgG4 or slgE (p<0.05, respectively). There was a significant correlation between slgE and slgG4 level (r=0.39, p<0.05). These findings suggest that the presence of slgG1 to CRM is response to CRM exposure, and further studies will be needed to evaluate the role of slgG4.
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Park HS, Park HJ. Effects of GABA on pancreatic exocrine secretion of rats. J Korean Med Sci 2000; 15 Suppl:S24-6. [PMID: 10981502 PMCID: PMC3202176 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2000.15.s.s24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Since GABA and its related enzymes had been determined in beta-cells of pancreas islets, effects of GABA on pancreatic exocrine secretion were investigated in the isolated perfused rat pancreas. GABA, given intra-arterially at concentrations of 3, 10, 30 and 100 microM, did not exert any influence on spontaneous or secretin (12 pM)-induced pancreatic exocrine secretion. However, GABA further elevated cholecystokinin (10 pM)-, gastrin-releasing peptide (100 pM)- or electrical field stimulation-induced pancreatic secretions of fluid and amylase, dose-dependently. The GABA-enhanced CCK-induced pancreatic secretions were completely blocked by bicuculline (10 microM), a GABAA receptor antagonist but not affected by saclofen (10 microM), a GABA(B) receptor antagonist. The enhancing effects of GABA (30 microM) on CCK-induced pancreatic secretions were not changed by tetrodotoxin (1 microM) but partially reduced by cyclo-(7-aminoheptanonyl-Phe-D-Trp-Lys-Thr[BZL]) (10 microM), a somatostatin antagonist. In conclusion, GABA enhances pancreatic exocrine secretion induced by secretagogues, which stimulate enzyme secretion predominantly, via GABA(A) receptors in the rat pancreas. The enhancing effect of GABA is partially mediated by inhibition of islet somatostatin release. GABA does not modify the activity of intrapancreatic neurons.
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Won JH, Cho SD, Park SK, Lee GT, Baick SH, Suh WS, Hong DS, Park HS. Thrombopoietin is synergistic with other cytokines for expansion of cord blood progenitor cells. JOURNAL OF HEMATOTHERAPY & STEM CELL RESEARCH 2000; 9:465-73. [PMID: 10982244 DOI: 10.1089/152581600419125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of recombinant human thrombopoietin (TPO) in combination with various cytokines including erythropoietin (EPO), interleukin-3 (IL-3), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and stem cell factor (SCF) on megakaryopoiesis, and the expansion of CD34+CD41a+ cells from human cord blood CD34+ cells with these cytokines under serum-free conditions. Human cord blood CD34+ cells were cultured in Megacult (Stem Cell Technologies Inc. Vancouver, Canada) in the presence of recombinant growth factors. Colony-forming unit-megakaryocyte (CFU-M) colonies were counted on day 14. CD34+CD41a+ and CD34-CD41a+ cell expansion was analyzed using a serum-free liquid culture system for 7 days with recombinant growth factors. TPO alone had a concentration-dependent effect on megakaryocyte colony growth. At concentrations above 1 ng/ml, TPO supported significant CFU-Meg colony formation in a concentration-dependent manner. The combination of TPO plus other cytokines, including EPO, IL-3, and SCF, resulted in a synergistic enhancement of the number of CFU-Meg colonies, but IL-6 failed to enhance the effect of TPO. The number of CD41a+ cells increased after 7 days in liquid culture of human cord blood CD34+ cells with various cytokines (EPO, IL-3, IL-6, SCF) combined with TPO, but SCF plus TPO only resulted in a significant synergistic increment of CD34+CD41a+ cells compared with TPO alone. The results of the present study indicate that EPO, IL-3, and SCF can be synergistic with TPO to stimulate proliferation of CFU-Meg and suggest that SCF plus TPO can expand CD34+CD41a+ cells to effect the rapid recovery of platelets in patients following stem cell transplantation.
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Min KU, Kim YK, Park HS, Lee MH, Lee BJ, Son JW, Kim YY, Cho SH. Bronchial responsiveness to methacholine is increased in citrus red mite (Panonychus citri)-sensitive children without asthmatic symptoms. Clin Exp Allergy 2000; 30:1129-34. [PMID: 10931120 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2222.2000.00862.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A recent investigation has suggested that citrus red mite (Panonychus citri, CRM) is a common sensitizing allergen among children living around citrus farms. OBJECTIVE A cross-sectional survey was performed to evaluate the bronchial responsiveness to methacholine in CRM-sensitive children without asthmatic symptoms. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A total of 375 children living around citrus farms were enrolled in this study. There were 201 boys and 174 girls with a mean age of 12.5 (range 7-16) years. Each subject was evaluated by a questionnaire, a skin prick test with 13 common inhalant allergens including CRM, and a methacholine bronchial provocation test (MBPT). RESULTS Positive rate of MBPT (PC20-methacholine < 25 mg/mL) was higher in atopic rhinitic and atopic control children than in nonatopic rhinitic and nonatopic control subjects (41.3% and 33.3% vs 17.2% and 15.4%, respectively, both P < 0.05). Slope of dose-response curve (DRS, %/mg/mL) was higher in atopic rhinitic children than in nonatopic rhinitic, atopic control and nonatopic control subjects (14.3 +/- 0.87 vs 9.4 +/- 0.72, 10.0 +/- 1.37 and 9.2 +/- 1.51, P < 0.05, respectively). Both the positive rate of MBPT and the DRS were increased in children with positive skin response to CRM than in those without sensitization (48.2% vs 22.9%, P = 0.0001; 15.6 +/- 1.26 vs 10.2 +/- 0.65, P = 0.0001). CONCLUSION Bronchial responsiveness is increased in citrus red mite-sensitive children even if they have no asthmatic symptoms.
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Nahm DH, Kim HY, Park HS. House dust mite-specific IgE antibodies in induced sputum are associated with sputum eosinophilia in mite-sensitive asthmatics. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2000; 85:129-33. [PMID: 10982220 DOI: 10.1016/s1081-1206(10)62452-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although allergen-specific IgE antibodies have been considered to play an important role in the pathogenesis of atopic asthma, the role of IgE antibodies in the development of airway inflammation is not well defined. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between allergen-specific IgE antibodies and inflammation of the asthmatic airway. METHODS We measured house dust mite (HDM; Dermatophagoides farinae)-specific IgE antibodies in both serum and induced sputum from 16 HDM-sensitive asthmatic patients, and evaluated their association with sputum eosinophilia and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) levels in induced sputum. RESULTS Levels of HDM-specific IgE antibodies in induced sputum were significantly higher in asthmatic patients than in controls (P < .01). In asthmatic patients, levels of HDM-specific IgE antibodies were significantly higher in induced sputum samples with eosinophilia (sputum eosinophil count > or = 5% of 200 counted non-squamous cells) than in those without eosinophilia (P < .05). There were no significant differences in serum levels of HDM-specific IgE antibodies between asthmatic patients with sputum eosinophilia and asthmatic patients without sputum eosinophilia. In asthmatic patients, sputum ECP levels were significantly correlated with levels of HDM-specific IgE antibodies (r = 0.60, P = .01) in induced sputum but not with those in serum. CONCLUSION We conclude that allergen-specific IgE antibodies in induced sputum from atopic asthmatics are associated with sputum eosinophilia. This result suggests that IgE-dependent mechanisms are involved in eosinophilic inflammation of the airway in atopic asthmatics.
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Kwon EJ, Park HS, Kim YS, Oh EJ, Nishida Y, Matsukage A, Yoo MA, Yamaguchi M. Transcriptional regulation of the Drosophila raf proto-oncogene by Drosophila STAT during development and in immune response. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:19824-30. [PMID: 10764759 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m001114200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The Drosophila raf (D-raf) gene promoter contains a recognition consensus sequence for Drosophila STAT (D-STAT). By band mobility shift assay, we detected a factor binding to the D-STAT-recognition sequence in extracts of cultured Drosophila cells treated with vanadate peroxide. UV-cross-linking analyses suggested the size of the binding factor to be almost same as that of D-STAT. Furthermore, the binding activity was increased in cells cotransfected with HOP and D-STAT expression plasmids. These results strongly suggest that D-STAT binds to the D-STAT recognition sequence in the D-raf gene promoter. Transient luciferase expression assay using Schneider 2 cells indicated that the D-raf gene promoter is activated by D-STAT through the D-STAT-binding site. Furthermore, analyses with transgenic flies carrying Draf-lacZ fusion genes with and without mutations in the D-STAT-binding site pointed to an important role in D-raf gene promoter activity throughout development. We also found that the D-STAT-binding site is required for injury-induced activation of the D-raf gene promoter. Here we propose that D-STAT can participate in regulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade through D-raf gene activation.
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