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Mishra S, Mishra RC, Subbarao KC, Sharma MC. Intraparenchymal mesenchymal chondrosarcoma in an unusual location. Neurol India 2012; 60:121-2. [PMID: 22406804 DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.93617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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202
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Singh G, Mallick S, Sharma V, Joshi N, Purkait S, Jha P, Sharma MC, Suri V, Julka PK, Mahapatra AK, Singh M, Kale SS, Sarkar C. A study of clinico-pathological parameters and O6- methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation status in the prognostication of gliosarcoma. Neuropathology 2012; 32:534-42. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1789.2012.01297.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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203
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Agrawal V, Gupta A, Gupta R, Sharma MC, Das P. Nonleukemic granulocytic sarcoma of kidney with mixed phenotype blasts: a diagnostic dilemma. INDIAN J PATHOL MICR 2012; 54:606-8. [PMID: 21934235 DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.85111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Granulocytic sarcoma (GS) usually presents concomitantly with or after the onset of acute myeloid leukemia, blastic phase of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), or myelodysplastic syndromes. Rarely, it may present even before the onset of overt leukemia and when so, it is often misdiagnosed. We are reporting a case of GS of kidney presenting as an isolated renal mass with normal laboratory investigations including a normal peripheral blood smear. It was initially misdiagnosed as lymphoma as the blasts, in addition to the morphological similarity with lymphoma cells, also showed positive immunohistochemistry for B cell markers. Based on further investigations including immunophenotyping and cytogenetic studies, a final diagnosis of CML-blast crisis (mixed phenotype) presenting initially as GS was made. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first antemortem report of nonleukemic GS presenting as kidney mass that later on progressed to CML-blast crisis with mixed phenotype blasts.
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204
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Suri V, Jha P, Agarwal S, Pathak P, Sharma MC, Sharma V, Shukla S, Somasundaram K, Mahapatra AK, Kale SS, Sarkar C. Molecular profile of oligodendrogliomas in young patients. Neuro Oncol 2012; 13:1099-106. [PMID: 21937591 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nor146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies on molecular profiling of oligodendrogliomas (OGs) in adults have shown a distinctive genetic pattern characterized by combined deletions of chromosome arms 1p and 19q, O6-methylguanine-methyltransferase (MGMT) methylation, and isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutation, which have potential diagnostic, prognostic, and even therapeutic relevance. OGs in pediatric and young adult patients are rare and have been poorly characterized on a molecular and biological basis, and it remains uncertain whether markers with prognostic significance in adults also have predictive value in these patients. Fourteen cases of OGs in young patients (age, ≤ 25 years) who received a diagnosis over 7 years were selected (7 pediatric patients age ≤ 18 years and 7 young adults aged 19-25 years). The cases were evaluated for 1p/19q status, MGMT promoter methylation, p53 mutation, and IDH1 mutation. None of the pediatric cases showed 1p/19q deletion. In young adults, combined 1p/19q loss was observed in 57% and isolated 1p loss in 14% of cases. The majority of cases in both subgroups (71% in each) harbored MGMT gene promoter methylation. TP53 and IDH1 mutations were not seen in any of the cases in both the groups. To our knowledge, this is the first study to show that molecular profile of OGs in pediatric and young adult patients is distinct. Further large-scale studies are required to identify additional clinically relevant genetic alterations in this group of patients.
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205
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Sankhyan N, Sharma S, Choudhary A, Gulati S, Sharma MC, Pathak P, Kumar A. Progressive weakness in a 12-year-old boy. J Clin Neurosci 2012; 18:1686, 1751. [PMID: 22224206 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2010.07.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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206
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Tripathi SC, Kaur J, Matta A, Gao X, Sun B, Chauhan SS, Thakar A, Shukla NK, Duggal R, Choudhary AR, DattaGupta S, Sharma MC, Ralhan R, Siu KWM. Loss of DLC1 is an independent prognostic factor in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. Mod Pathol 2012; 25:14-25. [PMID: 22002576 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2011.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Deleted in liver cancer (DLC1), a Rho GTPase-activating protein, was observed to be differentially expressed in oral squamous cell carcinoma in comparison with normal tissues using tissue proteomics. In the current study, we investigated the clinical significance of loss of DLC1 expression in different stages of development of oral squamous cell carcinoma to determine its potential as a biomarker for oral dysplasia and prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Immunohistochemical analysis of DLC1 expression was carried out in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients (n=214), dysplasia (n=51), hyperplastic squamous mucosa (n=45), and histologically normal oral tissues (n=80), and correlated with clinicopathological parameters and disease prognosis over 91 months for oral squamous cell carcinomas. Loss of DLC1 expression was observed in oral squamous cell carcinoma (64%), oral dysplasia (31%), hyperplastic squamous mucosa (22%), and normal mucosa (16%). Significant loss of DLC1 expression was observed in oral squamous cell carcinomas as compared with dysplasia (P<0.001, odds ratio=3.8, 95% CI=2.0-7.3), suggesting it may be an important event involved in cancer progression. Among oral squamous cell carcinomas, the loss of DLC1 expression was significantly associated with poor prognosis (P=0.021, hazards ratio (HR)=1.8, 95% CI=1.1-2.9). Multivariate analysis revealed loss of DLC1 (P=0.023, HR=2.1, 95% CI=1.2-3.9) and histopathological grade (P=0.015, HR=1.7, 95% CI=1.1-2.7) to be independent predictors for disease-free survival in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients in comparison with known prognostic factors, viz. tumor stage, nodal status, and overall stage. Loss of DLC1 expression emerged as an important biomarker for predicting patients diagnosed with oral dysplasia at high risk of transformation upon future validation in longitudinal studies. Loss of DLC1 expression is a poor prognostic marker for oral squamous cell carcinoma patients.
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207
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Depa P, Dimri U, Sharma MC, Tiwari R. Update on epidemiology and control of Foot and Mouth Disease - A menace to international trade and global animal enterprise. Vet World 2012. [DOI: 10.5455/vetworld.2012.693-703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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208
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Kakkar A, Sharma MC, Garg A, Goyal N, Suri V, Sarkar C, Mahapatra AK. Uterus-like mass in association with neural tube defect: a case report and review of the literature. Pediatr Neurosurg 2012; 48:240-4. [PMID: 23571616 DOI: 10.1159/000348811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2012] [Accepted: 02/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Uterus-like mass is an extremely rare choristoma of müllerian origin arising in association with neural tube defects. In this article, we describe the case of a 9-year-old girl with spina bifida, a mass lesion within the conus, and a subcutaneous lipoma in the lumbosacral region. Histopathological examination of the conus lesion revealed a uterus-like structure comprising of endometrial glands and stroma surrounded by fascicles of smooth muscle. This case differs from the few previously described cases in absence of neurological symptoms and early age at diagnosis. Thorough histopathological examination of resected tissue is therefore recommended for the diagnosis of this rare entity, as it may not have a typical presentation in all instances.
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209
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Sankhyan N, Sharma S, Choudhary A, Gulati S, Sharma MC, Pathak P, Kumar A. Progressive weakness in a 12-year-old boy. J Clin Neurosci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2010.07.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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210
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Iyer VK, Handa KK, Sharma MC. Variable extent of emperipolesis in the evolution of Rosai Dorfman disease: Diagnostic and pathogenetic implications. J Cytol 2011; 26:111-6. [PMID: 21938169 PMCID: PMC3168012 DOI: 10.4103/0970-9371.59398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examines variation of morphologic features, including emperipolesis, during the evolution of a case of Rosai Dorfman Disease (RDD). A 44-year-old male patient with RDD affecting the salivary glands, cervical lymph nodes, nasal and maxillary sinus mucosa had a waxing and waning course over two and a half years, with episodic sudden increase in size followed by involution and then a static course with moderate sized swellings. Multiple aspirations and biopsies were performed, which form the basis of this study. Four classical cases of RDD on aspirates and another four on biopsy were analyzed for comparison, with quantification of the number of lymphocytes engulfed by histiocytes (emperipolesis). Three nasal biopsies and one salivary gland excision of the index case, performed during acute exacerbation, showed chronic inflammation and foamy histiocytes without emperipolesis, the aspirate showing emperipolesis nil in 45%, 1-3 lymphocytes in 15%, 4-10 in 36% and > 10 in 4%. Two aspirations and one lymph node biopsy done from static phase showed classical features of RDD with extensive emperipolesis, the aspirate from left cervical lymph node showing emperipolesis nil in 2%, 1-3 in 5%, 4-10 in 35% and > 10 in 58% while right cervical lymph node aspirate showed emperipolesis nil in 9%, 1-3 in 21%, 4-10 in 29% and > 10 in 41%. A biopsy performed from involuting cervical lymph node showed extensive apoptosis and vasculitis without foamy histiocytes or emperipolesis. For comparison, eight classical RDD cases showed abundant emperipolesis with mild variation. Emperipolesis is variable in RDD depending on disease activity, which has differential diagnostic relevance and demonstrates the natural history of this rare disease.
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211
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Mannan AAS, Sharma MC, Bahadur S. Malacoplakia of the vallecula masquerading as a malignancy. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2011; 90:E17-9. [PMID: 21412727 DOI: 10.1177/014556131109000318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Malacoplakia is an unusual chronic granulomatous inflammation that commonly occurs in the urinary tract. It is rarely encountered in the head and neck region, and only a handful of such cases have been described. We report a case of malacoplakia in a 50-year-old woman who presented with a mass in the vallecula that was clinically suspected of being malignant. This case illustrates the importance of recognizing this unusual benign lesion, which closely mimics a malignancy on clinical examination.
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212
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Gupta R, Kachhawa JBS, Gupta RS, Sharma AK, Sharma MC, Dobhal MP. Phytochemical evaluation and antispermatogenic activity of Thevetia peruviana methanol extract in male albino rats. HUM FERTIL 2011; 14:53-9. [PMID: 21466267 DOI: 10.3109/14647273.2010.542230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the antifertility potential of Thevetia peruviana (Apocynaceae) in male albino rats with their phytochemical evaluations. Phytochemical examination showed that plant is rich in active constituents, i.e. α-amyrin acetate, lupeol acetate, α-amyrin, β-amyrin, lupeol and thevetigenin. T. peruviana stem bark methanol extract (TPMtE) administered orally to male rats at the dose level of 100 mg/rat/day did not cause any significant reduction in body weight, while the weight of reproductive organs reduced significantly. A significant fall in the total protein and sialic acid content of the testes, epididymides, seminal vesicle and ventral prostate, as well as in the glycogen content of testes was also observed; however, cholesterol was increased significantly. TPMtE also caused a decline in spermatogenic elements, i.e. preleptotene and pachytene spermatocytes, secondary spermatocytes, round spermatids and mature Leydig cells. At this dose level Leydig cell nuclear diameter, seminiferous tubular diameter and Sertoli area were significantly reduced (p < 0.001). The reduction in sperm density and motility resulted in 18% residual fertility. In conclusion, T. peruviana inhibited spermatogenesis in rats, indicating the possibility of developing a herbal male contraceptive.
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213
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Jha P, Suri V, Sharma V, Singh G, Sharma MC, Pathak P, Chosdol K, Jha P, Suri A, Mahapatra AK, Kale SS, Sarkar C. IDH1 mutations in gliomas: First series from a tertiary care centre in India with comprehensive review of literature. Exp Mol Pathol 2011; 91:385-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2011.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2010] [Revised: 04/25/2011] [Accepted: 04/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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214
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Kakkar A, Suri V, Jha P, Srivastava A, Sharma V, Pathak P, Sharma MC, Sharma MS, Kale SS, Chosdol K, Phalak M, Sarkar C. Loss of heterozygosity on chromosome 10q in glioblastomas, and its association with other genetic alterations and survival in Indian patients. Neurol India 2011; 59:254-61. [PMID: 21483128 DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.79139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common malignant central nervous system neoplasm. Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on chromosome 10q in these tumors has been found to show variable association with prognosis. AIM To evaluate LOH 10q status in cases of GBM, and to correlate these results with patient characteristics, other genetic alterations, and survival. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fresh tumor tissue and blood samples were obtained for 25 cases of GBM diagnosed over a 2-year period. LOH 10q assay was performed on blood and tumor DNA by a PCR-based method using four microsatellite markers. TP53 mutation analysis and fluorescence in situ hybridization for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) were performed. Histopathology was reviewed and clinical data were analyzed. RESULTS LOH 10q was identified in 17 of 25 cases (68%). Losses were frequent with markers D10S1765 (12/20 informative cases; 60%) and D10S587 (12/17 informative cases; 70.5%) in the regions of 10q23.3 and 10q26.1, respectively. D10S540 for 10q25.1 showed LOH in 4/12 informative cases (33.3%) and D10S1770 for 10q26-ter in none of the 25 cases. LOH with D10S1765 at the PTEN gene locus was found to correlate with overall LOH 10q status (P = 0.001). LOH 10q was more common in patients older than 40 years (16/19, 84.2%) than in those below (1/6, 16.7%) (P = 0.006). One of three pediatric patients included demonstrated LOH 10q. Survival rates for patients with LOH were lower than for patients with retained heterozygosity. CONCLUSION LOH 10q is a frequent genetic abnormality in GBM in Indian patients, is seen more frequently in older adults, and its presence is associated with shorter survival. The single best marker to determine LOH 10q status is D10S1765 at the PTEN region.
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215
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Kaushal S, Sharma MC, Ramam M, Kumar U. Multifocal cutaneous epithelioid angiomatous nodules of the penis. J Cutan Pathol 2011; 38:369-71. [PMID: 21323722 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0560.2010.01651.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous epithelioid angiomatous nodule (CEAN) represents a recently described benign vascular proliferation. We report a case affecting a 28-year-old man who presented with painful nodules on his glans penis. The patient is symptom-free 18 months after tumor excision. This is the first report of CEAN occurring on the glans penis.
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216
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Suri V, Jha P, Sharma MC, Sarkar C. O6 -methylguanine DNA methyltransferase gene promoter methylation in high-grade gliomas: a review of current status. Neurol India 2011; 59:229-35. [PMID: 21483124 DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.79128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Assessment of promoter methylation of the O 6 -methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) gene has recently gained importance in molecular profiling of high-grade gliomas. It has emerged not only as an important prognostic marker but also as a predictive marker for response to temozolomide in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma. Further, recent studies indicate that MGMT promoter methylation has strong prognostic relevance even in anaplastic (grade III) gliomas, irrespective of therapy (chemotherapy or radiotherapy). This article provides an overview of its use as a predictive and prognostic biomarker, as well as the methods employed for its assessment and use in therapeutic decision making.
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217
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Dimri U, Singh SK, Sharma MC, Behera SK, Kumar D, Tiwari P. Oxidant/antioxidant balance, minerals status and apoptosis in peripheral blood of dogs naturally infected with Dirofilaria immitis. Res Vet Sci 2011; 93:296-9. [PMID: 21645912 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2011.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2010] [Revised: 04/25/2011] [Accepted: 04/29/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study was aimed to examine lipid peroxides, antioxidants, zinc, copper, iron panels and apoptosis in peripheral blood of dogs with clinical dirofilariosis. In comparison to healthy control, erythrocytic lipid peroxides level and superoxide dismutase activity were significantly (P<0.01) higher in diseased dogs. However, level of reduced glutathione and activities of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase and catalase were significantly (P<0.01) lower in diseased dogs. Blood zinc, copper and iron levels in dogs with dirofilariosis were significantly (P<0.01) lower than the healthy control. The percent apoptotic peripheral leukocytes were significantly higher in dogs with dirofilariosis in comparison with healthy control. From the present study, it is concluded that significant alterations in oxidant/antioxidant balance, mineral status and rate of apoptosis in peripheral blood may be implicated in the pathogenesis of clinical canine dirofilariosis.
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218
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Tripathi SC, Matta A, Kaur J, Grigull J, Chauhan SS, Thakar A, Shukla NK, Duggal R, Choudhary AR, DattaGupta S, Sharma MC, Ralhan R, Siu KWM. Overexpression of prothymosin alpha predicts poor disease outcome in head and neck cancer. PLoS One 2011; 6:e19213. [PMID: 21573209 PMCID: PMC3088661 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0019213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2010] [Accepted: 03/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In our recent study, tissue proteomic analysis of oral pre-malignant lesions (OPLs) and normal oral mucosa led to the identification of a panel of biomarkers, including prothymosin alpha (PTMA), to distinguish OPLs from histologically normal oral tissues. This study aimed to determine the clinical significance of PTMA overexpression in oral squamous cell hyperplasia, dysplasia and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Methodology Immunohistochemistry of PTMA protein was performed in HNSCCs (n = 100), squamous cell hyperplasia (n = 116), dysplasia (n = 50) and histologically normal oral tissues (n = 100). Statistical analysis was carried out to determine the association of PTMA overexpression with clinicopathological parameters and disease prognosis over 7 years for HNSCC patients. Results Our immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated significant overexpression of nuclear PTMA in squamous cell hyperplasia (63.8%), dysplasia (50%) and HNSCC (61%) in comparison with oral normal mucosa (ptrend<0.001). Chi-square analysis showed significant association of nuclear PTMA with advanced tumor stages (III+IV). Kaplan Meier survival analysis indicated reduced disease free survival (DFS) in HNSCC patients (p<0.001; median survival 11 months). Notably, Cox-multivariate analysis revealed nuclear PTMA as an independent predictor of poor prognosis of HNSCC patients (p<0.001, Hazard's ratio, HR = 5.2, 95% CI = 2.3–11.8) in comparison with the histological grade, T-stage, nodal status and tumor stage. Conclusions Nuclear PTMA may serve as prognostic marker in HNSCC to determine the subset of patients that are likely to show recurrence of the disease.
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219
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Pramanik DD, Bhatnagar V, Subbarao KC, Sharma MC, Agarwala S, Gupta AK. Antenatally detected mature teratoma in an undescended testis. Eur J Pediatr Surg 2011; 21:209-10. [PMID: 21590592 DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1275678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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220
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Sarkar C, Sharma MC, Arora R, Gaikwad S, Mehta VS. August 2002: 21-year-old male with cystic intracerebral tumor. Brain Pathol 2011; 13:113-4, 117. [PMID: 12580552 PMCID: PMC8096023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The August 2002 COM. A 21-year-old male presented with a single episode of generalized tonic clonic seizures. Radiology revealed a cystic tumor with mural nodule suggestive of a pilocytic astrocytoma. However, histopathological examination and electron microscopy revealed features of an intracerebral schwannoma. Therefore, although rare, in an intracerebral cystic lesion with mural nodule, the possibility of an intracerebral schwannoma should be entertained. This is important because this is a benign tumor with favourable response to resection.
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221
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Das P, Puri T, Jha P, Pathak P, Joshi N, Suri V, Sharma MC, Sharma BS, Mahapatra AK, Suri A, Sarkar C. A clinicopathological and molecular analysis of glioblastoma multiforme with long-term survival. J Clin Neurosci 2011; 18:66-70. [PMID: 20888234 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2010.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2010] [Accepted: 04/26/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The median survival time of patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is 12 months, and only 3-5% of patients survive longer than 3 years. We performed histomorphological and detailed molecular analyses of seven long-term survivors of GBM to identify any prognostic factors that potentially contribute to survival. Morphology and immunohistochemistry for p53, phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) protein expression were investigated. EGFR amplification and 1p/19q deletion were assessed by fluorescent in situ hybridization. The O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) gene methylation status was evaluated by performing methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction assays. All tumors were classical GBMs and no significant oligodendroglial differentiation was noted. The majority showed EGFR amplification (4/7), PTEN protein expression (6/7) and MGMT promoter methylation (5/6). Immunopositivity for p53 was noted in three of seven patients. Deletion of chromosome 1p/19q, either isolated or combined, was not identified in any of the se patients. All patients were treated by gross total resection followed by radiotherapy; six patients received additional temozolomide treatment. A relatively young age of onset (48 years), with a high MGMT promoter methylation and PTEN protein expression were favorable factors for long-term survival. The presence of EGFR amplification indicates that more than a single factor determines survival in GBM.
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222
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Ahuja A, Sharma MC, Suri V, Sarkar C, Sharma BS, Garg A. Pineal anlage tumour - a rare entity with divergent histology. J Clin Neurosci 2011; 18:811-3. [PMID: 21435885 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2010.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2010] [Accepted: 09/22/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Pineal anlage tumour is a rare tumour of the pineal gland that is not listed in the 2007 World Health Organization classification of tumours of the central nervous system. Pineal anlage has been defined as a primary pineal tumour with both neuroepithelial and ectomesenchymal differentiation but without endodermal differentiation. We report a pineal anlage tumour in a 4-month-old boy, the youngest patient reported with this rare tumour, with a brief review of the literature. Clinicians and neuropathologists should be aware of this entity as it is likely to be misdiagnosed as a teratoma or a melanocytic tumour of the central nervous system.
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223
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Jha P, Suri V, Jain A, Sharma MC, Pathak P, Jha P, Srivastava A, Suri A, Gupta D, Chosdol K, Chattopadhyay P, Sarkar C. O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase gene promoter methylation status in gliomas and its correlation with other molecular alterations: first Indian report with review of challenges for use in customized treatment. Neurosurgery 2011; 67:1681-91. [PMID: 21107199 DOI: 10.1227/neu.0b013e3181f743f5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND O6-methylguanine methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation in adult glioblastomas (glioblastoma multiforme) is considered a promising molecular alteration, predictive of better response to temozolomide therapy and longer overall survival. OBJECTIVE To look at the frequency of MGMT methylation in glial tumors of all grades and types, and correlate this alteration with loss of heterozygosity 1p/19q, TP53 gene mutations, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) amplification, and isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutations. METHODS One hundred two gliomas of various grades and subtypes were assessed by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction for MGMT promoter methylation status. The results were correlated with 1p/19q status, EGFR amplification, TP53, and IDH1 mutations. RESULTS There was an inverse correlation of MGMT promoter methylation frequency with tumor grade, observed in 79.4%, 70.8%, and 56.8% of grade II, grade III, and grade IV gliomas, respectively. The difference was statistically significant in grade II vs IV tumors (P=.036). The majority of cases with 1p/19q loss of heterozygosity also showed MGMT methylation, although the association was not significant. There was no significant correlation of MGMT status with IDH1 mutation. In astrocytic tumors, there was no correlation of MGMT methylation with TP53 mutation or EGFR amplification. CONCLUSION MGMT promoter methylation was observed in a considerable proportion of all grades and subtypes of gliomas, with no significant correlation with other known genetic alterations. On extensive literature review, in both low- and high-grade gliomas, wide variability of data on the frequency of MGMT methylation and its association with other molecular alterations from various centers was noted, mostly owing to technical causes. This raises questions regarding the capacity of this test for use as an objective and reproducible marker for customized treatment in individual cases.
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Gupta R, Sharma AK, Dobhal MP, Sharma MC, Gupta RS. Antidiabetic and antioxidant potential of β-sitosterol in streptozotocin-induced experimental hyperglycemia. J Diabetes 2011; 3:29-37. [PMID: 21143769 DOI: 10.1111/j.1753-0407.2010.00107.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress, produced under diabetic conditions, may cause tissue damage. Although several drugs are currently available for the treatment of diabetes, their continued use may cause unwanted side effects. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antioxidant potential of β-sitosterol (BS), a phytosterol from Solanum surattense, using an experimental model for diabetes-induced oxidative damage. METHODS The effects of 21 days treatment with BS (10, 15 and 20 mg/kg, p.o.) on blood, serum, and tissue biochemical parameters were evaluated in control and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Nine experimental groups, including a control group, a diabetic group, and BS- and glibenclamide-treated diabetic groups, were evaluated. RESULTS All three dose levels dose dependently resulted in decreases in glycated hemoglobin, serum glucose, and nitric oxide, with concomitant increases in serum insulin levels. Furthermore, treatment with BS doses also increased pancreatic antioxidant levels, with a concomitant decrease in thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances. CONCLUSIONS β-Sitosterol has promising antidiabetic as well as antioxidant effects and may be considered in clinical studies for drug development.
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Jain D, Sharma MC, Singh K, Gupta NP. Primary carcinoid tumor of the kidney: case report and brief review of literature. INDIAN J PATHOL MICR 2011; 53:772-4. [PMID: 21045413 DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.72087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary carcinoid tumor of the kidney is an extremely uncommon tumor. As a consequence, very little is known about its histogenesis, clinicopathologic features and prognosis. We herein describe a case of renal carcinoid with atypical features.
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