Driving at requested speed: comparison of projected and virtual image displays

Using projected image and virtual image displays in a driving simulator, a study was completed on drivers' ability to drive at five experimenter-requested speeds. No differences were found between the two display techniques. However, the use of both displays resulted in speed over-estimation above 30 mph.

Interaction of anti-inflammatory drugs with serum proteins, especially with some biologically active proteins

The interaction of clinically established anti-inflammatory drugs with some proteins has shown these drugs to strongly inhibit heat coagulation of whole serum at a concentration attainable in the sera of patients. Phenylbutazone and sodium salicylate do not inhibit the biological activity of three biologically active and labile serum proteins, namely, necrotizing factor, heterogenous serum and complement. However, they do influence the effect of heat on these proteins. The relation between this drug action in vitro and the possible mode of action of the proteins in vivo is discussed.

Feasibility of studying driver reaction to sudden pedestrian emergencies in an automobile simulator

An experiment was conducted to determine the feasibility of studying driver reaction to sudden pedestrian emergencies in an unprogrammed automobile simulator. A random sample of 11 male subjects followed an identical procedure. Each subject went through a speed estimation study which was designed so that the subject would drive past the shed containing the pedestrian (dummy) 11 times. This was done so that the emergence of the pedestrian would be completely unsuspected. The subject drove in the right lane of the road at approximately 25 mph. When the subject was 82.5 ft. from the shed containing the pedestrian, a microswitch was tripped which released the dummy into the center of the road at a controlled rate. During the study a continuous record of speed, time, brake position, steering wheel position, lateral position of vehicle, longitudinal position of vehicle, and position of pedestrian was recorded. All of the subjects tried to avoid the pedestrian, either by brake application or by a steering change. Since this was a feasibility study with a small sample, no conclusions were drawn beyond the data, but the possibility of productive research in this area using simulation techniques seems to have been opened up.

Immunotyping of different strains of Japanese encephalitis virus by antibody-absorption, haemagglutination-inhibition and complement-fixation tests

The immunological characteristics of 26 strains of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) isolated in Japan and Malaya between 1935 and 1966 have been investigated mainly by the antibody-absorption variant of the haemagglutination-inhibition test, and to a certain extent also by conventional haemagglutination-inhibition and complement-fixation tests. The antibody-absorption technique shows promise as a routine method for the immunotyping of JEV.At present, two immunotypes can be distinguished. One comprises 2 strains, Nakayama-NIH and I-58, and is designated as the I-58 immunotype. The other immunotype, JaGAr 01, comprises 17 strains which share the characteristics of the JaGAr 01 strain, including one subline of the Nakayama strain, Nakayama-Yakken. The Nakayama-RFVL strain was found to have the characteristics of both immunotypes. The I-58 immunotype differs more markedly from related arboviruses, such as the Murray Valley encephalitis virus and the West Nile Eg101 strain, than does the JaGAr 01 immunotype.Evidence is presented which suggests that a given JEV strain can change immunotype on repeated passage through mice.