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Zhao H, Cui J, Wang Y, Liu X, Zhao D, Duan J. Spatial-temporal expression of pum1 and pum2 in medaka Oryzias latipes. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2012; 80:100-109. [PMID: 22220892 DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2011.03153.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Two pumilios, pum1 and pum2, were identified in medaka Oryzias latipes. Oryzias latipes pum1 and pum2 are ubiquitous in the adult tissues but with specific expression in the germ cells of gonads, ovary and testis. Pum1 is expressed in the spermatogonia to spermatocytes whilst pum2 presents in spermatocytes of testis only. Oryzias latipes pum1 and pum2 are maternally supplied RNA with ubiquitous expression in the early stages, and embryonic expression of pum1 and pum2 may begin from early gastrula. Both pum1 and pum2 are expressed in the tissues including brain, eye and trunk, and both are expressed in the gonads after hatching. Taken together, Pum1 and Pum2 may play important roles in embryonic and germ cell development of O. latipes.
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Matsuda YH, Khodaparast GA, Shen R, Takeyama S, Liu X, Furdyna J, Wessels BW. Cyclotron resonance in InMnAs and InMnSb ferromagnetic films. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/334/1/012056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Sumetsky M, DiGiovanni DJ, Dulashko Y, Fini JM, Liu X, Monberg EM, Taunay TF. Surface nanoscale axial photonics: robust fabrication of high-quality-factor microresonators. OPTICS LETTERS 2011; 36:4824-4826. [PMID: 22179896 DOI: 10.1364/ol.36.004824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Recently introduced surface nanoscale axial photonics (SNAP) makes it possible to fabricate high-Q-factor microresonators and other photonic microdevices by dramatically small deformation of the optical fiber surface. To become a practical and robust technology, the SNAP platform requires methods enabling reproducible modification of the optical fiber radius at nanoscale. In this Letter, we demonstrate superaccurate fabrication of high-Q-factor microresonators by nanoscale modification of the optical fiber radius and refractive index using CO2 laser and UV excimer laser beam exposures. The achieved fabrication accuracy is better than 2 Å in variation of the effective fiber radius.
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Ward TM, Iorns E, Hoe N, Kim P, Singh S, Ernani V, Liu X, Jegg AM, Gallas M, Lippman ME, Pegram MD. P2-01-25: Truncated p110 ERBB2 (CTF611) Increases Migration and Invasion of Breast Epithelial Cells by Inhibiting STAT5b Activation. Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs11-p2-01-25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Truncated ERBB2 receptors are present in a subset of human ERBB2+ amplified/overexpressing breast tumors, and are associated with trastuzumab resistance, metastasis, and poor clinical prognosis. However, whether truncated ERBB2 receptors are drivers of metastasis has not been well defined. In this study, we examined effects of full-length (p185) and truncated (p110) ERBB2 on the migration and invasion of human mammary epithelial cells, including HMLE and MCF10A cells.
Material and Methods: Recombinant p185 and p110 ERBB2 were stably expressed in human mammary epithelial cells (HMLE) and MCF10A cells via retroviral vector. Expression of comparable levels of p185 and p110 in cells was confirmed by western blot. The phosphorylation states of downstream signaling proteins including STAT5 were assayed via phosphoproteomics and Collaborative Enzyme Enhanced Reactive (CEER™) immunoassay. The effects of the p110 constructs on cell migration and invasion were investigated by transwell assays. shRNA-encoding lentivirus was used for specific silencing of STAT5b in HMLE cells, and STAT5b silencing was confirmed at the protein level using western blot.
Results and Discussion: Expression of p110 ERBB2 increased cell migration (HMLE, p = 0.04; MCF10A, p< 0.01) and invasion (HMLE, p= 0.03) when compared to expression of p185. Furthermore, expression of p110 in HMLE cells was associated with reduced phosphorylation of STAT5b. shRNA mediated silencing of STAT5b was sufficient to increase the migration (p < 0.01) and invasion of HMLE cells, phenocopying the p110 driven effects on HMLE cells. In clinical studies, loss of activated STAT5 protein correlates with breast cancer progression and is a negative predictor of survival. By analyzing publicly available gene expression datasets, we found that STAT5b mRNA expression is also significantly decreased in breast cancer compared to normal breast tissues in several studies, as well as in ERBB2 amplified vs. nonamplified samples. To our knowledge, this is the first reported perturbation of STAT signaling by truncated ERBB2 receptor, and suggests a mechanism by which truncated p110 ERBB2 (CTF611) increases migration and invasion of breast epithelial cells. This study extends the available data regarding STAT5 loss in breast cancer progression.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-01-25.
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Yang L, Wang Y, Chu P, Liu Q, Hsieh B, Liu X, Yen Y, Bruce R, Somlo G. P4-07-12: Identification of p53 Mutation in Whole Genome DNA from Single Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs) and Primary Breast Cancers (BC) from Patients (pts) with Metastatic Breast Cancer (MBC). Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs11-p4-07-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: CTCs represent the source of distant metastases, and are also implied in the growth/re-growth of primary BC. Molecular/gene-level characterization of similarities and discordances between CTCs and BCs in pts with MBC may provide useful information for individualized treatment. Since somatic p53 mutations are frequently observed in primary BCs, we set out to assess the feasibility of identifying such mutations in CTCs from pts with MBCs, and compare the findings with those of the primary BCs from the same pts. Material and Method: Fiber-optic Array Scanning Technology (FAST) was used for identification and location of CTCs on large glass substrates. CTCs were identified after blood samples (10 ml) from MBC pts were stained to detect CTCs via automated digital microscopy by morphology, based on immunofuorescence staining for cytokeratin and nucleus, and the absence of CD45. Single CTCs from 10 pts with MBC were identified and removed from the glass substrates. DNA was extracted, and the whole genome of isolated CTCs was amplified by using whole genome amplification method (Sigma). P53 mutations in exon 5, exon 6, exon 7 and exon 8 were assessed. As comparison, genomic DNA from formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) from primary BCs of the same pts, was amplified using the same method.
Results: p53 mutations were found in 8 out of 10 CTCs, and in 4 out of 10 in primary BC samples. Of 8 mutations detected in CTCs, one silent mutation and 7 missense mutations were seen. One particular point mutation, R181L, previously assessed as functional mutation, was observed in 4 out of 8 CTCs. None of the 4 mutations (a silent mutation, one missense mutation and two different deletions) detected in tumor samples were found in CTCs. We validated that the mutations detected in CTCs were not artifacts occurring during genome amplification, by comparing p53 mutations between unamplified tumor genomic DNA vs. amplified samples.
Conclusion: Whole genome amplification based on extracting DNA from single CTCs using FAST, and identification of mutations such as those in p53, is feasible. The quantitative and qualitative discordance in detecting p53 mutations between CTCs and primary BCs may be due to CTCs acquiring new -possibly epithelial-mesenchymal transition-like-characteristics with metastatic potential as they evolve from the primary tumors or metastatic sites, or, technical issues (analyzing FFPE-preserved vs. CTCs, tumor heterogeneity) may contribute to our findings. Further assessment of the functionality of high frequent functional mutations such as R181L is warranted.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-07-12.
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Pusztai L, Qi Y, Shi W, Liu CG, Wang B, Liu X, Booser D, Esteva FJ, Symmans F, Hortobagyi GN. S6-4: Protein Kinase Mutation Patterns in Human Breast Cancer. Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs11-s6-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: We performed next generation targeted sequencing of all known human protein kinases (n=530 genes) and 56 additional cancer related genes (BRCA1,2, p53, PTEN, etc..) in 112 samples to assess the kinase mutation landscape of breast cancer. Gene expression profiling was also performed on RNA from each specimen and DNA copy number variations were assessed in a subset of 59 cases using array CGH. The three types of genomic data were mapped to canonical biological pathways to identify frequently genomically disturbed pathways in these cancers.
Methods: DNA and RNA extracted from fine needle biopsies of 92 breast cancers were analyzed, 20 samples were sequenced in duplicates or triplicates to assess technical variation of the results. Targeted sequencing was performed with Agilent SureSelect Human Kinome kit and the SOLiD sequencing platform. Gene expression profiling and array CGH were performed with Affymetrix U133A chips and Agilent 244K CGH array. Sequence data was mapped to hg19, functional impact scores were calculated with SWIFT, canonical pathways were obtained from the Broad Institute.
Results: 0.1% of the entire genome was sequenced and >80% of target base pairs had > 20-fold coverage. The mean number of single nucleic acid variants (SNV) and indels per sample were 1043 (range: 493–1583, about 60% homozygous) and 159 (range: 75–269) respectively, 97% of SNVs and 78% of indels were already represented in dbSNP or COSMIC data bases. About 20% of SNVs were predicted to alter kinase or other biological function. The mean number of functionally high impact SNVs was 28 per sample (range 11–47). In addition to known p53 and PI3K mutations we detected frequent mutations in BRCA1 (20%) and observed several predicted high impact SNVs in HER2 (20%) as well as in many MAPK family enzymes. Not all SNVs were distributed equally across disease subsets, SNVs in ULK4, BMP2K, PALB2, ALPK3 were more frequent in triple negative cancers (TNBC) whereas SNVs in EPHA2 was more common in ER+ cancers. Among TNBC, those with residual cancer after neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (n=22) had significantly higher rates of SNVs in HUNK, TRPM7, NEK1 and HER3 compared to cases with pathologic complete response (n=25). When high impact SNVs, DNA copy number alterations and gene over-expression (relative to normal breast n=45) observed in individual cases were mapped to biological pathways a complex network of anomalies emerged for each case.
Conclusion: We observed several known mutations in cancer genes and also detected many SNVs in important regulatory genes that were previously described as functional, germ-line variants with experimentally validated or suspected impact on protein function. Individual cancers have unique combinations of these events. This suggest that cancers arise in the context of complex genomic “germ line noise” which may determine which types of somatic events can or cannot “drive” individual cancers. The data also suggest therapeutic hypotheses about what biological pathways should be targeted in individuals and in subsets of cancers.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr S6-4.
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Liu X, Yu L, Wang Q, Pelletier J, Fausther M, Sévigny J, Malmström HS, Dirksen RT, Ren YF. Expression of ecto-ATPase NTPDase2 in human dental pulp. J Dent Res 2011; 91:261-7. [PMID: 22173326 DOI: 10.1177/0022034511431582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental pulpal nerve fibers express ionotropic adenosine triphosphate (ATP) receptors, suggesting that ATP signaling participates in the process of dental nociception. In this study, we investigated if the principal enzymes responsible for extracellular ATP hydrolysis, namely, nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases (NTPDases), are present in human dental pulp. Immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence experiments showed that NTPDase2 was predominantly expressed in pulpal nerve bundles, Raschkow's nerve plexus, and in the odontoblast layer. NTPDase2 was expressed in pulpal Schwann cells, with processes accompanying the nerve fibers and projecting into the odontoblast layer. Odontoblasts expressed the gap junction protein, connexin43, which can form transmembrane hemichannels for ATP release. NTPDase2 was localized close to connexin43 within the odontoblast layer. These findings provide evidence for the existence of an apparatus for ATP release and degradation in human dental pulp, consistent with the involvement of ATP signaling in the process of dentin sensitivity and dental pain.
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Kang I, Chadrasekhar S, Rasras M, Liu X, Cappuzzo M, Gomez LT, Chen YF, Buhl L, Cabot S, Jaques J. Long-haul transmission of 35-Gb/s all-optical OFDM signal without using tunable dispersion compensation and time gating. OPTICS EXPRESS 2011; 19:B811-B816. [PMID: 22274108 DOI: 10.1364/oe.19.00b811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We propose that the optical OFDM technique using all optical discrete Fourier transform (DFT) has potential as a viable alternative for upgrading long-haul optical transmission systems towards 100-Gb/s. We demonstrate transmission of 35-Gb/s (7 x 5 Gb/s NRZ-OOK) all-optical OFDM signal over ~2000-km dispersion-managed span without using tunable dispersion compensation and time gating. We achieve bit error ratio of 1.2x10(-3) (7x10(-3)) for transmission over 1980-km (2310-km) all-EDFA amplified span consisting of standard single mode fiber (SSMF) and dispersion compensating fiber (DCF). We also study the nonlinear penalty impacting the all-optical OFDM transmission and discuss potential method for its mitigation.
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Zhang J, Jin Z, DU Q, Li R, Yao F, Huang B, Xu N, Xu L, Luo X, Liu X. Analysis of altered proteins related to blast crisis in chronic myeloid leukemia by proteomic study. Int J Lab Hematol 2011; 34:267-73. [PMID: 22145801 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-553x.2011.01389.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chromic myeloid leukemia (CML) blast crisis (BC) and imatinib (IM) resistance is a significant barrier to the effective treatment of the disease. METHODS Expression profiles of differential proteins were identified, and new biomarkers or pathways related to BC in CML were screened through proteomic analysis. Total proteins from primary bone marrow cells of CML patients in chronic phase (CP) and BC were separated via two-dimensional (2D) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and then analyzed by imagemaster 5.0 software to detect differential protein spots which were already identified by mass spectrometry. Based on the variation of the whole expression profile, some key proteins were picked out for Western blot to confirm the accuracy of proteomics data. Moreover, related signal pathways involving those proteins were investigated. RESULTS The result indicated that thirteen protein points between CML-CP and CML-BC were successfully determined. Results from Western blot of RhoA, hnRNPK, ANXA1, PSMB4, and LTA4H were similar to those from 2D polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Most of those proteins were involved in the proteosome pathway and the small G-protein pathway. CONCLUSION A group of proteins associated with BC can be obtained and the result of this study might provide clues for further research.
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Zhu J, Jiang Y, Wu L, Lu T, Xu G, Liu X. Suppression of local inflammation contributes to the neuroprotective effect of ginsenoside Rb1 in rats with cerebral ischemia. Neuroscience 2011; 202:342-51. [PMID: 22173011 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.11.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2011] [Revised: 11/08/2011] [Accepted: 11/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Local inflammation accounts for the progression of cerebral ischemic insult. Ginsenoside Rb1 (GRb1) is a natural product extracted from Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer. It has been reported to have beneficial effects in cerebral ischemia and to inhibit the inflammatory cascade in sepsis. In this study, to determine whether modulating local inflammation contributed to the neuroprotection of GRb1, male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with GRb1 or vehicle intranasally for 1 week before being subjected to temporary occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery and reperfusion. Neuroprotection of GRb1 was evaluated with a focus on the key elements of central nervous system (CNS) inflammation, such as inflammatory cells, proinflammatory cytokines, and transcriptional factor. GRb1 reduced infarction volume by 57% (n=6, P<0.01) and significantly alleviated the neurological deficit (n=12, modified neurological severity scores [mNSS]: 6.6±1.1 vs. 8.6±1.1, P<0.05). GRb1 depressed the activation of microglia in the penumbra by 15%-27% from 24 h to 72 h after reperfusion and its further convention into phagocytic microglia/macrophages. In GRb1 group, the peak mRNA level of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) mRNA was decreased by 35% 12 h after reperfusion, whereas the protein level was significantly reduced by 43%-57%. Downregulation by GRb1 of both interleukin (IL)-6 gene and protein after GRb1 administration was also observed. GRb1 partially inhibited the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway from 6 h to 72 h after ischemia and reperfusion onset, as determined by the expression of total and phosphorylated NF-κB/p65, inhibitor protein of κB (IκB)-α, and IκB-kinase complex (IKK)-α. All these results indicate that suppression of local inflammation after cerebral ischemia might be one mechanism that contributes to the neuroprotection of GRb1.
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He S, Yang Y, Liu X, Huang W, Zhang X, Yang S, Zhang X. Compound Astragalus and Salvia miltiorrhiza extract inhibits cell proliferation, invasion and collagen synthesis in keloid fibroblasts by mediating transforming growth factor-β / Smad pathway. Br J Dermatol 2011; 166:564-74. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2011.10674.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Bian XF, Liu X, Zhao ZG, Jiang L, Gao H, Zhang YH, Zheng M, Chen LM, Liu SJ, Zhai HQ, Wan JM. Heading date gene, dth3 controlled late flowering in O. Glaberrima Steud. by down-regulating Ehd1. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2011; 30:2243-54. [PMID: 21830130 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-011-1129-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2011] [Revised: 07/10/2011] [Accepted: 07/19/2011] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Heading date in rice is an important agronomic trait controlled by several genes. In this study, flowering time of variety Dianjingyou 1 (DJY1) was earlier than a near-isogenic line (named NIL) carried chromosome segment from African rice on chromosome 3S, when grown in both long-day (LD) and short-day (SD) conditions. By analyzing a large F2 population from NIL × DJY1, the locus DTH3 (QTL for days to heading on chromosome 3) controlling early heading date in DJY1 was fine mapped to a 64-kb segment which contained only one annotated gene, a MIKC-type MADS-box protein. We detected a 6-bp deletion and a single base substitution in the C-domain by sequencing DTH3 in DJY1 compared with dth3 in NIL, and overexpression of DTH3 caused early flowering in callus. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed that the transcript level of dth3 in NIL was lower than that DTH3 in DJY1 in both LD and SD conditions. The Early heading date 1 (Ehd1) which promotes the RFT1, was up-regulated by DTH3 in both LD and SD conditions. Based on Indel and dCAPs marker analysis, the dth3 allele was only present in African rice accessions. A phylogenetic analysis based on microsatellite genotyping suggested that African rice had a close genetic relationship to O. rufipogon and O. latifolia, and was similar to japonica cultivars. DTH3 affected flowering time and had no significant effect on the main agronomic traits.
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Wang Y, Joseph SJ, Liu X, Kelley M, Rekaya R. SNPxGE2: a database for human SNP-coexpression associations. Bioinformatics 2011; 28:403-10. [DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btr663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
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Liu X, Yang QS, He XQ, Mai YW. Molecular mechanics modeling of deformation and failure of super carbon nanotube networks. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2011; 22:475701. [PMID: 22048262 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/22/47/475701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A generalized molecular structure mechanics (MSM) model is proposed to investigate the deformation and failure behaviors of super carbon nanotubes (SCNTs) within the quasi-static approximation. The failure mechanism of the SCNTs with Y- and X-type junctions was examined by combining a failure criterion for the breakage of the carbon-carbon bonds in the CNT networks. The carbon-carbon bonds are modeled as elastic bars with equivalent stiffness and break as their elongation ratio reaches only 19%, which means that the broken carbon-carbon bonds are ineffective in terms of the Morse potential function. It is shown that the MSM method, combined with the failure criterion of the carbon-carbon bonds, is a powerful approach to simulate the deformation and failure of both Y junctions and X junctions with different chiralities and sizes. The deformation and failure modes of these junctions which involve rotation, bending and stretching of the CNT arms are predicted using the present model and the effects of various parameters of the junctions on their mechanical behaviors are discussed.
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Jiang Y, Wei N, Zhu J, Zhai D, Wu L, Chen M, Xu G, Liu X. A new approach with less damage: intranasal delivery of tetracycline-inducible replication-defective herpes simplex virus type-1 vector to brain. Neuroscience 2011; 201:96-104. [PMID: 22101000 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2011] [Revised: 10/14/2011] [Accepted: 10/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy holds great potential for treating neurological disorders. However, delivering gene vectors to the brain has been either invasive or inefficacious in most studies to date. The aim of this study was to develop a safe and efficacious strategy for delivering gene vectors to the brain. A tetracycline-inducible replication-defective herpes simplex virus type-1 vector, QR9TO-LacZ, was administered to rats intranasally. QR9TO-LacZ could infect primary cortical neurons and express the reporter gene without detectable replication. QR9TO-LacZ was observed in the olfactory bulb, hippocampus, striatum, cortex, medulla, cerebellum, ventricles, and nasal septum after intranasal administration. Expression of the reporter gene could be controlled effectively by tetracycline. In vitro, introduction of QR9TO-LacZ did not change the structure of transfected neurons. In vivo, QR9TO-LacZ did not increase apoptosis in neurons and did not alter levels of interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor α in the brain after intranasal delivery. Our data suggest that intranasally applied QR9TO-LacZ has a wide distribution and expresses the reporter gene in the brain under the control of tetracycline with less cytotoxicity than intravenous or stereotactic delivery methods.
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Liu X, Wang G, Hong X, Wang D, Tsai HJ, Zhang S, Arguelles L, Kumar R, Wang H, Liu R, Zhou Y, Pearson C, Ortiz K, Schleimer R, Holt PG, Pongracic J, Price HE, Langman C, Wang X. Gene-vitamin D interactions on food sensitization: a prospective birth cohort study. Allergy 2011; 66:1442-8. [PMID: 21819409 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2011.02681.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been hypothesized that vitamin D deficiency (VDD) contributes to the development of food sensitization (FS) and then food allergy. However, the epidemiological evidence is conflicting. We aim to examine whether cord blood VDD is associated with FS and whether such association can be modified by genetic variants in a prospective birth cohort. METHODS This study included 649 children who were enrolled at birth and followed from birth onward at the Boston Medical Center. We defined VDD as cord blood 25(OH)D < 11 ng/ml, and FS as specific IgE ≥ 0.35 kUA/l to any of eight common food allergens in early childhood. We genotyped potentially functional single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 11 genes known to be involved in regulating IgE and 25(OH)D concentrations. Logistic regressions were used to test the effects of VDD on FS individually and jointly with SNPs. RESULTS Among the 649 children, 44% had VDD and 37% had FS. When examined alone, VDD was not associated with FS. When examined jointly with SNPs, a significant interaction between IL4 gene polymorphism (rs2243250) and VDD (p(interaction) = 0.003, p(FDR) = 0.10) was found: VDD increased the risk of FS among children carrying CC/CT genotypes (OR = 1.79, 95%CI: 1.15-2.77). Similar but weaker interactions were observed for SNPs in MS4A2 (rs512555), FCER1G (rs2070901), and CYP24A1 (rs2762934). When all four SNPs were simultaneously considered, a strong gene-VDD interaction was evident (p(interaction) = 9 × 10(-6) ). CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate that VDD may increase the risk of FS among individuals with certain genotypes, providing evidence of gene-vitamin D interaction on FS.
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Dubrey SW, Reece DE, Sanchorawala V, Hegenbart U, Merlini G, Palladini G, Fermand JP, Vescio RA, Bladé J, Heffner LT, Hassoun H, Liu X, Enny C, Ramaswami P, Elsayed Y, Van De Velde H, Mortimer S, Cakana A, Comenzo RL. Bortezomib in a phase 1 trial for patients with relapsed AL amyloidosis: cardiac responses and overall effects. QJM 2011; 104:957-70. [PMID: 21752867 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcr105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bortezomib is approved for the treatment of multiple myeloma and a role has been suggested in the treatment of systemic AL amyloidosis (AL). METHODS In this phase 1 dose-escalation portion of the first prospective study of single-agent bortezomib in AL, 31 patients with relapsed disease, including 14 (45%) with cardiac involvement, received bortezomib in seven dose cohorts on once-weekly (0.7, 1.0, 1.3, 1.6 mg/m(2)) and twice-weekly (0.7, 1.0, 1.3 mg/m(2)) schedules. Electrocardiographic, Holter and echocardiographic studies were evaluated in all patients to determine safety and response. RESULTS During therapy (median treatment period 210 days), no patient developed significant ventricular or supraventricular rhythm disturbance on 24-h Holter monitoring; however, no patient satisfied study criteria for cardiac response using echocardiographic assessment or New York Heart Association classification. Seven patients (23%) had a ≥ 10% fall in left ventricular ejection fraction, but only one met criteria for cardiac deterioration. The predominant cardiac adverse events were peripheral edema (23%), orthostatic hypotension (13%) and hypotension (10%). Two patients developed grade 3 congestive heart failure, which resolved following treatment interruption. In this Phase 1 portion, the maximum tolerated dose of bortezomib on either schedule was not reached. Hematologic responses occurred in 14 patients (45%), including seven (23%) complete responses. In non-responders mean left ventricular wall thickness increased during the course of treatment. CONCLUSION AL is frequently rapidly progressive; in these patients who had relapsed or progressed following previous conventional therapies, these results suggest that bortezomib may slow the progression of cardiac amyloid with limited toxicity.
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Li Z, Zhan P, Liu X. 1,3,4-Oxadiazole: A Privileged Structure in Antiviral Agents. Mini Rev Med Chem 2011; 11:1130-42. [DOI: 10.2174/138955711797655407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2011] [Revised: 06/02/2011] [Accepted: 07/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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2419
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Locasale JW, Melman T, Song SS, Yang X, Swanson KD, Cantley LC, Asara JM, Wong ET, Adams S, Braidy N, Teo C, Guillemin G, Philippe M, Carole C, David T, Eric G, Isabelle NM, de Paula Andre M, Marylin B, Olivier C, L'Houcine O, Dominique FB, Leukel P, Seliger C, Vollmann A, Jachnik B, Bogdahn U, Hau P, Liu X, Kumar VS, McPherson CM, Chow L, Kendler A, Dasgupta B, Piya S, White E, Klein S, Jiang H, Lang F, Alfred Yung WK, Gomez-Manzano C, Fueyo J, Vartanian A, Guha A, Fenton KE, Abdelwahab M, Scheck AC, Guo D, Reinitz F, Youssef M, Hong C, Nathanson D, Akhavan D, Kuga D, Amzajerdi AN, Soto H, Zhu S, Babic I, Iwanami A, Tanaka K, Gini B, DeJesus J, Lisiero DD, Huang T, Prins R, Wen P, Robbins HI, Prados M, DeAngelis L, Mellinghoff I, Mehta M, James CD, Chakravarti A, Cloughesy T, Tontonoz P, Mischel P, Phillips J, Mukherjee J, Cowdrey C, Wiencke J, Pieper RO, Bachoo R, Marin-Valencia I, Cho S, Rakheja D, Hatanpaa K, Mashimo T, Vemireddy V, Kapur P, Good L, Sun X, Pascual J, Takahashi M, Togao O, Raisanen J, Maher EA, DeBerardinis R, Malloy C, Maher EA, Bachoo R, Marin-Valencia I, Hatanpaa K, Choi C, Mashimo T, Raisanen J, Mathews D, Pascual J, Madden C, Mickey B, Malloy C, DeBerardinis R, Mukherjee J, Zheng S, Phillips J, Cowdrey C, Ronen S, Wiencke J, Pieper RO, Park I, Jalbert LE, Ito M, Ozawa T, James CD, Phillips JJ, Vigneron DB, Pieper RO, Ronen SM, Nelson SJ. METABOLIC PATHWAYS. Neuro Oncol 2011; 13:iii69-iii72. [PMCID: PMC3199168 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nor153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
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2420
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Lever L, Hu Y, Myronov M, Liu X, Owens N, Gardes FY, Marko IP, Sweeney SJ, Ikonić Z, Leadley DR, Reed GT, Kelsall RW. Modulation of the absorption coefficient at 1.3 μm in Ge/SiGe multiple quantum well heterostructures on silicon. OPTICS LETTERS 2011; 36:4158-4160. [PMID: 22048350 DOI: 10.1364/ol.36.004158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We report modulation of the absorption coefficient at 1.3 μm in Ge/SiGe multiple quantum well heterostructures on silicon via the quantum-confined Stark effect. Strain engineering was exploited to increase the direct optical bandgap in the Ge quantum wells. We grew 9 nm-thick Ge quantum wells on a relaxed Si0.22Ge0.78 buffer and a contrast in the absorption coefficient of a factor of greater than 3.2 was achieved in the spectral range 1290-1315 nm.
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2421
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Liu X, Han LJ, Yang ZL. Transfer of near infrared spectrometric models for silage crude protein detection between different instruments. J Dairy Sci 2011; 94:5599-610. [PMID: 22032383 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2011-4375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2011] [Accepted: 08/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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2422
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Ablikim M, Achasov MN, Alberto D, An Q, An ZH, Bai JZ, Baldini R, Ban Y, Becker J, Berger N, Bertani M, Bian JM, Bondarenko O, Boyko I, Briere RA, Bytev V, Cai X, Calcaterra AC, Cao GF, Cao XX, Chang JF, Chelkov G, Chen G, Chen HS, Chen JC, Chen ML, Chen SJ, Chen Y, Chen YB, Cheng HP, Chu YP, Cronin-Hennessy D, Dai HL, Dai JP, Dedovich D, Deng ZY, Denysenko I, Destefanis M, Ding Y, Dong LY, Dong MY, Du SX, Fan RR, Fang J, Fang SS, Feng CQ, Fu CD, Fu JL, Gao Y, Geng C, Goetzen K, Gong WX, Greco M, Grishin S, Gu MH, Gu YT, Guan YH, Guo AQ, Guo LB, Guo YP, Hao XQ, Harris FA, He KL, He M, He ZY, Heng YK, Hou ZL, Hu HM, Hu JF, Hu T, Huang B, Huang GM, Huang JS, Huang XT, Huang YP, Hussain T, Ji CS, Ji Q, Ji XB, Ji XL, Jia LK, Jiang LL, Jiang XS, Jiao JB, Jiao Z, Jin DP, Jin S, Jing FF, Kalantar-Nayestanaki N, Kavatsyuk M, Komamiya S, Kuehn W, Lange JS, Leung JKC, Li C, Li C, Li DM, Li F, Li G, Li HB, Li JC, Li K, Li L, Li NB, Li QJ, Li WD, Li WG, Li XL, Li XN, Li XQ, Li XR, Li ZB, Liang H, Liang YF, Liang YT, Liao XT, Liu BJ, Liu BJ, Liu CL, Liu CX, Liu CY, Liu FH, Liu F, Liu F, Liu GC, Liu H, Liu HB, Liu HH, Liu HM, Liu HW, Liu JP, Liu K, Liu K, Liu KY, Liu Q, Liu SB, Liu X, Liu XH, Liu YB, Liu YW, Liu Y, Liu ZA, Liu ZQ, Loehner H, Lu GR, Lu HJ, Lu JG, Lu QW, Lu XR, Lu YP, Luo CL, Luo MX, Luo T, Luo XL, Ma CL, Ma FC, Ma HL, Ma QM, Ma T, Ma X, Ma XY, Maggiora M, Malik QA, Mao H, Mao YJ, Mao ZP, Messchendorp JG, Min J, Mitchell RE, Mo XH, Muchnoi NY, Nefedov Y, Nikolaev IB, Ning Z, Olsen SL, Ouyang Q, Pacetti S, Pelizaeus M, Peters K, Ping JL, Ping RG, Poling R, Pun CSJ, Qi M, Qian S, Qiao CF, Qin XS, Qiu JF, Rashid KH, Rong G, Ruan XD, Sarantsev A, Schulze J, Shao M, Shen CP, Shen XY, Sheng HY, Shepherd MR, Song XY, Sonoda S, Spataro S, Spruck B, Sun DH, Sun GX, Sun JF, Sun SS, Sun XD, Sun YJ, Sun YZ, Sun ZJ, Sun ZT, Tang CJ, Tang X, Tian HL, Toth D, Varner GS, Wan X, Wang BQ, Wang K, Wang LL, Wang LS, Wang M, Wang P, Wang PL, Wang Q, Wang SG, Wang XL, Wang YD, Wang YF, Wang YQ, Wang Z, Wang ZG, Wang ZY, Wei DH, Wen QG, Wen SP, Wiedner U, Wu LH, Wu N, Wu W, Wu Z, Xiao ZJ, Xie YG, Xu GF, Xu GM, Xu H, Xu QJ, Xu XP, Xu Y, Xu ZR, Xu ZZ, Xue Z, Yan L, Yan WB, Yan YH, Yang HX, Yang M, Yang T, Yang Y, Yang YX, Ye M, Ye MH, Yu BX, Yu CX, Yu L, Yu SPY, Yuan CZ, Yuan WL, Yuan Y, Zafar AA, Zallo A, Zeng Y, Zhang BX, Zhang BY, Zhang CC, Zhang DH, Zhang HH, Zhang HY, Zhang J, Zhang JW, Zhang JY, Zhang JZ, Zhang L, Zhang SH, Zhang TR, Zhang XJ, Zhang XY, Zhang Y, Zhang YH, Zhang ZP, Zhang ZY, Zhao G, Zhao HS, Zhao J, Zhao J, Zhao L, Zhao L, Zhao MG, Zhao Q, Zhao SJ, Zhao TC, Zhao XH, Zhao YB, Zhao ZG, Zhao ZL, Zhemchugov A, Zheng B, Zheng JP, Zheng YH, Zheng ZP, Zhong B, Zhong J, Zhong L, Zhou L, Zhou XK, Zhou XR, Zhu C, Zhu K, Zhu KJ, Zhu SH, Zhu XL, Zhu XW, Zhu YS, Zhu ZA, Zhuang J, Zou BS, Zou JH, Zuo JX. ηπ+ π- resonant structure around 1.8 GeV/c(2) and η(1405) in J/ψ → ωηπ+ π-. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 107:182001. [PMID: 22107625 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.182001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We present results of a study of the decay J/ψ → ωηπ+ π- using a sample of (225.2 ± 2.8) × 10(6) J/ψ events collected by the BESIII detector, and report the observation of a new process J/ψ → ωX(1870) with a statistical significance of 7.2σ, in which X(1870) decays to a(0)(±)(980)π±. Fitting to ηπ+ π- mass spectrum yields a mass M = 1877.3 ± 6.3(stat)(-7.4)(+3.4)(syst) MeV/c(2), a width Γ = 57 ± 12(stat)(-4)(+19)(syst) MeV/c(2), and a product branching fraction B(J/ψ → ωX) × B(X→a(0)(±)(980)π±) × B(a(0) (±)(980) → ηπ±) = [1.50 ± 0.26(stat)(-0.36)(+0.72) (syst)] × 10(-4). Signals for J/ψ → ωf(1)(1285) and J/ψ → ω η(1405) are also clearly observed and measured.
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2423
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Xu J, Yang Y, Liu X, Wang Y. The −1541 C>T and +4259 G>T of TIM-3 polymorphisms are associated with rheumatoid arthritis susceptibility in a Chinese Hui population. Int J Immunogenet 2011; 38:513-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2011.01046.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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2424
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Albrecht E, Liu X, Yang X, Zhao R, Jonas L, Maak S. Colocalization of myostatin and decorin in bovine skeletal muscle. Arch Anim Breed 2011. [DOI: 10.5194/aab-54-147-2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract. The objectives of this study were to investigate the expression and localization of myostatin (MSTN) and decorin (DCN) in bovine skeletal muscle and to find associations with muscle fibre and adipocyte development. Samples of two muscles, known for differences in meat quality and fibre composition, namely longissimus muscle (LD) and semitendinosus muscle (ST), were obtained from 18 months old bulls of the F2 generation of a Charolais×Holstein cross. Individual muscle sections were stained for determination of size and type of muscle fibres and immunohistochemical detection of the proteins. The mRNA abundance and protein expression of MSTN and DCN were quantified by real-time PCR and Western blot, respectively. As expected, the ST had more fast fibres, less fibres of the intermediate and the slow type, and less intramuscular fat than the LD. Despite these differences, the mRNA and protein abundance of MSTN was comparable in both muscles. The protein abundance of MSTN inhibitors, namely MSTN propeptide and DCN, was greater in LD, which may have affected the biological activity of mature MSTN. Myostatin propeptide was detected in all muscle fibres; however the mature MSTN was detected to a much lower extent and mainly in slow fibres. Furthermore, MSTN was localized in close proximity to DCN in intermyocellular space, suggesting possible interactions between both proteins and effects on muscle structure and meat quality. The role of MSTN and DCN as well as their interactions in the determination of muscle composition needs to be further elucidated.
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2425
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He H, Liu X, Gu Y, Liu Y. Assessment of haplotype variation in bovine <i>AMPD1</i> gene for association with growth and carcass traits in Qinchuan beef cattle. Arch Anim Breed 2011. [DOI: 10.5194/aab-54-18-2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract. The AMPD1 gene plays an important role in the purine nucleotide cycle and energy metabolism in skeletal muscle. In the present study polymorphisms of the AMPD1 gene were detected by PCR-SSCP and DNA sequencing of 215 individuals of the Qinchuan beef cattle breed. DNA sequencing revealed two mutations by comparisons with the bovine genome sequence (acc. no.: NC_007301). Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; g.19416T>C and g.19421A>G) were detected in intron 11 of the bovine AMPD1 gene. The sequencing of PCR products of animals providing different PCR-SSCP banding patterns showed that four kinds of haplotypes, named: A (T-A), B (T-G), C (C-A) and D (C-G); and the five diplotypes were segregating: AA (T-A/T-A), BC (T-G/C-A or C-G/T-A ), AC (T-A/C-A), CC (C-A/C-A) and CD (C-A/ C-G). A significant association of AMPD1 with carcass weight was shown. Animals with the new heterozygote diplotype BC (P<0.05, n=56) had greater carcass weight than those with the other diplotypes. The SNPs in AMPD1 may be used as a possible candidates for markerassisted selection in Qinchuan beef cattle breeding program.
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