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Bellver-Sanchis A, Ávila-López PA, Tic I, Valle-García D, Ribalta-Vilella M, Labrador L, Banerjee DR, Guerrero A, Casadesus G, Poulard C, Pallàs M, Griñán-Ferré C. Neuroprotective effects of G9a inhibition through modulation of peroxisome-proliferator activator receptor gamma-dependent pathways by miR-128. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2532-2542. [PMID: 38526289 PMCID: PMC11090428 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.393102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202419110-00033/figure1/v/2024-03-08T184507Z/r/image-tiff Dysregulation of G9a, a histone-lysine N-methyltransferase, has been observed in Alzheimer's disease and has been correlated with increased levels of chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. Likewise, microRNAs are involved in many biological processes and diseases playing a key role in pathogenesis, especially in multifactorial diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, our aim has been to provide partial insights into the interconnection between G9a, microRNAs, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation. To better understand the biology of G9a, we compared the global microRNA expression between senescence-accelerated mouse-prone 8 (SAMP8) control mice and SAMP8 treated with G9a inhibitor UNC0642. We found a downregulation of miR-128 after a G9a inhibition treatment, which interestingly binds to the 3' untranslated region (3'-UTR) of peroxisome-proliferator activator receptor γ (PPARG) mRNA. Accordingly, Pparg gene expression levels were higher in the SAMP8 group treated with G9a inhibitor than in the SAMP8 control group. We also observed modulation of oxidative stress responses might be mainly driven Pparg after G9a inhibitor. To confirm these antioxidant effects, we treated primary neuron cell cultures with hydrogen peroxide as an oxidative insult. In this setting, treatment with G9a inhibitor increases both cell survival and antioxidant enzymes. Moreover, up-regulation of PPARγ by G9a inhibitor could also increase the expression of genes involved in DNA damage responses and apoptosis. In addition, we also described that the PPARγ/AMPK axis partially explains the regulation of autophagy markers expression. Finally, PPARγ/GADD45α potentially contributes to enhancing synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis after G9a inhibition. Altogether, we propose that pharmacological inhibition of G9a leads to a neuroprotective effect that could be due, at least in part, by the modulation of PPARγ-dependent pathways by miR-128.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aina Bellver-Sanchis
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Institut de Neurociències-Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pedro A. Ávila-López
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Iva Tic
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Institut de Neurociències-Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Valle-García
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Marta Ribalta-Vilella
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Institut de Neurociències-Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luis Labrador
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Health Science Center-University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Deb Ranjan Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, M G Avenue, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
| | - Ana Guerrero
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Institut de Neurociències-Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Casadesus
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Health Science Center-University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Coralie Poulard
- Cancer Research Cancer Lyon, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérlogie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Mercè Pallàs
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Institut de Neurociències-Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Christian Griñán-Ferré
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Institut de Neurociències-Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Chen Z, Wang Y, Zhang G, Zheng J, Tian L, Song Y, Liu X. Role of LRP5/6/GSK-3β/β-catenin in the differences in exenatide- and insulin-promoted T2D osteogenesis and osteomodulation. Br J Pharmacol 2024; 181:3556-3575. [PMID: 38804080 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Insulin and exenatide are two hypoglycaemic agents that exhibit different osteogenic effects. This study compared the differences between exenatide and insulin in osseointegration in a rat model of Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and explored the mechanisms promoting osteogenesis in this model of T2D. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH In vivo, micro-CT was used to detect differences in the peri-implant bone microstructure in vivo. Histology, dual-fluorescent labelling, immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry were used to detect differences in tissue, cell and protein expression around the implants. In vitro, RT-PCR and western blotting were used to measure the expression of osteogenesis- and Wnt signalling-related genes and proteins in bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) from rats with T2D (TBMSCs) after PBS, insulin and exenatide treatment. RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of Wnt bypass cascade reactions under Wnt inactivation. KEY RESULTS Micro-CT and section staining showed exenatide extensively promoted peri-implant osseointegration. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments showed exenatide substantially increased the expression of osteogenesis-related and activated the LRP5/6/GSK-3β/β-catenin-related Wnt pathway. Furthermore, exenatide suppressed expression of Bmpr1a to inhibit lipogenesis and promoted expression of Btrc to suppress inflammation. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Compared to insulin, exenatide significantly improved osteogenesis in T2D rats and TBMSCs. In addition to its dependence on LRP5/6/GSK-3β/β-catenin signalling for osteogenic differentiation, exenatide-mediated osteomodulation also involves inhibition of inflammation and adipogenesis by BMPR1A and β-TrCP, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, School of Stomatology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuxi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, School of Stomatology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guanhua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, School of Stomatology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, School of Stomatology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, School of Stomatology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yingliang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, School of Stomatology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiangdong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, School of Stomatology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
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3
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Melnik BC, Weiskirchen R, Stremmel W, John SM, Schmitz G. Risk of Fat Mass- and Obesity-Associated Gene-Dependent Obesogenic Programming by Formula Feeding Compared to Breastfeeding. Nutrients 2024; 16:2451. [PMID: 39125332 PMCID: PMC11314333 DOI: 10.3390/nu16152451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
It is the purpose of this review to compare differences in postnatal epigenetic programming at the level of DNA and RNA methylation and later obesity risk between infants receiving artificial formula feeding (FF) in contrast to natural breastfeeding (BF). FF bears the risk of aberrant epigenetic programming at the level of DNA methylation and enhances the expression of the RNA demethylase fat mass- and obesity-associated gene (FTO), pointing to further deviations in the RNA methylome. Based on a literature search through Web of Science, Google Scholar, and PubMed databases concerning the dietary and epigenetic factors influencing FTO gene and FTO protein expression and FTO activity, FTO's impact on postnatal adipogenic programming was investigated. Accumulated translational evidence underscores that total protein intake as well as tryptophan, kynurenine, branched-chain amino acids, milk exosomal miRNAs, NADP, and NADPH are crucial regulators modifying FTO gene expression and FTO activity. Increased FTO-mTORC1-S6K1 signaling may epigenetically suppress the WNT/β-catenin pathway, enhancing adipocyte precursor cell proliferation and adipogenesis. Formula-induced FTO-dependent alterations of the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylome may represent novel unfavorable molecular events in the postnatal development of adipogenesis and obesity, necessitating further investigations. BF provides physiological epigenetic DNA and RNA regulation, a compelling reason to rely on BF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bodo C. Melnik
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, University of Osnabrück, D-49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), RWTH University Hospital Aachen, D-52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Wolfgang Stremmel
- Praxis for Internal Medicine, Beethovenstrasse 2, D-76530 Baden-Baden, Germany;
| | - Swen Malte John
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, University of Osnabrück, D-49076 Osnabrück, Germany
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Dermatological Prevention and Rehabilitation (iDerm), University of Osnabrück, D-49076 Osnabrück, Germany;
| | - Gerd Schmitz
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Regensburg, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany;
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Bonilauri B, Ribeiro AL, Spangenberg L, Dallagiovanna B. Unveiling Polysomal Long Non-Coding RNA Expression on the First Day of Adipogenesis and Osteogenesis in Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2013. [PMID: 38396700 PMCID: PMC10888724 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the intricate molecular mechanisms governing the fate of human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) is essential for elucidating the delicate balance between adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation in both healthy and pathological conditions. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as key regulators involved in lineage commitment and differentiation of stem cells, operating at various levels of gene regulation, including transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational processes. To gain deeper insights into the role of lncRNAs' in hASCs' differentiation, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the lncRNA transcriptome (RNA-seq) and translatome (polysomal-RNA-seq) during a 24 h period of adipogenesis and osteogenesis. Our findings revealed distinct expression patterns between the transcriptome and translatome during both differentiation processes, highlighting 90 lncRNAs that are exclusively regulated in the polysomal fraction. These findings underscore the significance of investigating lncRNAs associated with ribosomes, considering their unique expression patterns and potential mechanisms of action, such as translational regulation and potential coding capacity for microproteins. Additionally, we identified specific lncRNA gene expression programs associated with adipogenesis and osteogenesis during the early stages of cell differentiation. By shedding light on the expression and potential functions of these polysome-associated lncRNAs, we aim to deepen our understanding of their involvement in the regulation of adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation, ultimately paving the way for novel therapeutic strategies and insights into regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo Bonilauri
- Stem Cell Basic Biology Laboratory (LABCET), Carlos Chagas Institute—Fiocruz/PR, Curitiba 81350-010, PR, Brazil;
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Annanda Lyra Ribeiro
- Stem Cell Basic Biology Laboratory (LABCET), Carlos Chagas Institute—Fiocruz/PR, Curitiba 81350-010, PR, Brazil;
| | - Lucía Spangenberg
- Bioinformatics Unit, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay;
| | - Bruno Dallagiovanna
- Stem Cell Basic Biology Laboratory (LABCET), Carlos Chagas Institute—Fiocruz/PR, Curitiba 81350-010, PR, Brazil;
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Quan Q, Ma X, Li M, Li X, Yuan H. Ginsenoside Rg1 promotes β‑amyloid peptide degradation through inhibition of the ERK/PPARγ phosphorylation pathway in an Alzheimer's disease neuronal model. Exp Ther Med 2024; 27:31. [PMID: 38125359 PMCID: PMC10731411 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
β-Amyloid peptide (Aβ) deposition in the brain is an important pathological change in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE), which is regulated transcriptionally by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), is able to proteolyze Aβ. One of the members of the MAPK family, ERK, is able to mediate the phosphorylation of PPARγ at Ser112, thereby inhibiting its transcriptional activity. Ginsenoside Rg1 is one of the active ingredients in the natural medicine ginseng and has inhibitory effects on Aβ production. The present study was designed to investigate whether ginsenoside Rg1 is able to affect the regulation of PPARγ based on the expression of its target gene, IDE, and whether it is able to promote Aβ degradation via inhibition of the ERK/PPARγ phosphorylation pathway. In the present study, primary cultured rat hippocampal neurons were treated with Aβ1-42, ginsenoside Rg1 and the ERK inhibitor PD98059, and subsequently TUNEL staining was used to detect the level of neuronal apoptosis. ELISA was subsequently employed to detect the intra- and extracellular Aβ1-42 levels, immunofluorescence staining and western blotting were used to detect the translocation of ERK from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, immunofluorescence double staining was used to detect the co-expression of ERK and PPARγ, and finally, western blotting was used to detect the phosphorylation of PPARγ at Ser112 and IDE expression. The results demonstrated that ginsenoside Rg1 or PD98059 were able to inhibit primary cultured hippocampal neuron apoptosis induced by Aβ1-42 treatment, reduce the levels of intra- and extraneuronal Aβ1-42 and inhibit the translocation of ERK from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. Furthermore, administration of ginsenoside Rg1 or PD98059 resulted in attenuated co-expression of ERK and PPARγ, inhibition of phosphorylation of PPARγ at Ser112 mediated by ERK and an increase in IDE expression. In addition, the effects when PD98059 to inhibit ERK followed by treatment with ginsenoside Rg1 were found to be more pronounced than those when using PD98059 alone. In conclusion, ginsenoside Rg1 was demonstrated to exert neuroprotective effects on AD via inhibition of the ERK/PPARγ phosphorylation pathway, which led to an increase in IDE expression, the promotion of Aβ degradation and the decrease of neuronal apoptosis. These results could provide a theoretical basis for the clinical application of ginsenoside Rg1 in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiankun Quan
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Xinxin Ma
- Department of Psychology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Xi Li
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Haifeng Yuan
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
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6
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Lee JI, Oh JH, Karadeniz F, Kong CS, Seo Y. Inhibitory Effects of Sesquiterpenoids Isolated from Artemisia scoparia on Adipogenic Differentiation of 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:200. [PMID: 38203371 PMCID: PMC10779302 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity and related complications are significant health issues in modern society, largely attributed to a sedentary lifestyle and a carbohydrate-rich diet. Since anti-obesity drugs often come with severe side effects, preventative measures are being sought globally, including dietary changes and functional foods that can counteract weight gain. In this context, plant-based metabolites are extensively studied for their advantageous biological effects against obesity. Several plants within the Artemisia genus have been reported to possess anti-adipogenic properties, preventing adipocytes from maturing and accumulating lipids. The present study investigated the anti-adipogenic potential of two sesquiterpenoids, reynosin and santamarine, isolated from A. scoparia in adipose-induced 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Differentiating 3T3-L1 adipocytes treated with these isolated compounds displayed fewer adipogenic characteristics compared to untreated mature adipocytes. The results indicated that cells treated with reynosin and santamarine accumulated 55.0% and 52.5% fewer intracellular lipids compared to untreated control adipocytes, respectively. Additionally, the mRNA expression of the key adipogenic marker, transcription factor PPARγ, was suppressed by 87.2% and 91.7% following 60 μM reynosin and santamarine treatment, respectively, in differentiated adipocytes. Protein expression was also suppressed in a similar manner, at 92.7% and 82.5% by 60 μM reynosin and santamarine treatment, respectively. Likewise, SERBP1c and C/EBPα were also downregulated at both gene and protein levels in adipocytes treated with samples during differentiation. Further analysis suggested that the anti-adipogenic effect of the compounds might be a result of AMPK activation and the subsequent suppression of MAPK phosphorylation. Overall, the present study suggested that sesquiterpenoids, reynosin, and santamarine were two potential bioactive compounds with anti-adipogenic properties. Further research is needed to explore other bioactive agents within A. scoparia and elucidate the in vivo action mechanisms of reynosin and santamarine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Im Lee
- Incheon Regional Office, National Fishery Products Quality Management Service Incheon, Incheon 22346, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jung Hwan Oh
- Nutritional Education, Graduate School of Education, Silla University, Busan 46958, Republic of Korea;
- Marine Biotechnology Center for Pharmaceuticals and Foods, Silla University, Busan 46958, Republic of Korea; (F.K.); (C.-S.K.)
| | - Fatih Karadeniz
- Marine Biotechnology Center for Pharmaceuticals and Foods, Silla University, Busan 46958, Republic of Korea; (F.K.); (C.-S.K.)
| | - Chang-Suk Kong
- Marine Biotechnology Center for Pharmaceuticals and Foods, Silla University, Busan 46958, Republic of Korea; (F.K.); (C.-S.K.)
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Silla University, Busan 46958, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngwan Seo
- Division of Convergence on Marine Science, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan 49112, Republic of Korea
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Nasir NJN, Arifin N, Noordin KBA, Yusop N. Bone repair and key signalling pathways for cell-based bone regenerative therapy: A review. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2023; 18:1350-1363. [PMID: 37305024 PMCID: PMC10248876 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2023.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in cell-based regenerative therapy create new opportunities for the treatment of bone-related disorders and injuries, by improving the reparative phase of bone healing. Apart from the classical approach of bone grafting, the application of cell-based therapies, particularly stem cells (SCs), has gained a lot of attention in recent years. SCs play an important role in regenerative therapy due to their excellent ability to differentiate into bone-forming cells. Regeneration of new bone is regulated by a wide variety of signalling molecules and intracellular networks, which are responsible for coordinating cellular processes. The activated signalling cascade is significantly involved in cell survival, proliferation, apoptosis, and interaction with the microenvironment and other types of cells within the healing site. Despite the increasing evidence from studies conducted on signalling pathways associated with bone formation, the exact mechanism involved in controlling the differentiation stage of transplanted cells is not well understood. Identifying the key activated pathways involved in bone regeneration may allow for precise manipulation of the relevant signalling molecules within the progenitor cell population to accelerate the healing process. The in-depth knowledge of molecular mechanisms would be advantageous in improving the efficiency of personalised medicine and targeted therapy in regenerative medicine. In this review, we briefly introduce the theory of bone repair mechanism and bone tissue engineering followed by an overview of relevant signalling pathways that have been identified to play an important role in cell-based bone regenerative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Julia N. Nasir
- Basic and Medical Sciences Department, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Norsyahida Arifin
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Khairul Bariah A.A. Noordin
- Basic and Medical Sciences Department, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Norhayati Yusop
- Basic and Medical Sciences Department, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
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Shou J, Li S, Shi W, Zhang S, Zeng Z, Guo Z, Ye Z, Wen Z, Qiu H, Wang J, Zhou M. 3WJ RNA Nanoparticles-Aptamer Functionalized Exosomes From M2 Macrophages Target BMSCs to Promote the Healing of Bone Fractures. Stem Cells Transl Med 2023; 12:758-774. [PMID: 37740533 PMCID: PMC10630079 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szad052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Up to now, impaired bone regeneration severely affects the healing of bone fractures, thus bringing tremendous suffering to patients. As a vital mediator between inflammatory response and bone regeneration, M2 macrophage-derived exosomes (M2-Exos) attenuate inflammation and promote tissue repair. However, due to a lack of specific targeting property, M2-Exos will be rapidly eliminated after systematic administration, thus compromising their effectiveness in promoting bone regeneration. To solve this hurdle, we initially harvested and characterized the pro-osteogenic properties of M2-Exos. A bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC)-specific aptamer was synthesized and 3-way junction (3WJ) RNA nanoparticles were applied to conjugate the BMSC-specific aptamer and M2-Exos. In vitro assays revealed that M2-Exos bore the representative features of exosomes and significantly promoted the proliferation, migration, and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. 3WJ RNA nanoparticles-aptamer functionalized M2-Exos (3WJ-BMSCapt/M2-Exos) maintained the original physical characteristics of M2-Exos, but bore a high specific binding ability to BMSCs. Furthermore, when being systemically administered in the mice model with femoral bone fractures, these functionalized M2-Exos mainly accumulated at the bone fracture site with a slow release of exosomal cargo, thereby significantly accelerating the healing processes compared with the M2-Exos group. Our study indicated that the 3WJ-BMSCapt/M2-Exos with BMSCs targeting ability and controlled release would be a promising strategy to treat bone fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Shou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, the People’s Republic of China
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, the People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuyi Li
- Department of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, the People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, the People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenzhe Shi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, the People’s Republic of China
| | - Sijuan Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, the People’s Republic of China
| | - Zheng Zeng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, the People’s Republic of China
| | - Zecong Guo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, the People’s Republic of China
| | - Ziming Ye
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, the People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhuohao Wen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, the People’s Republic of China
| | - Huiguo Qiu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, the People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinheng Wang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, the People’s Republic of China
| | - Miao Zhou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, the People’s Republic of China
- Department of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, the People’s Republic of China
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Sadeghi A, Khazaeel K, Tabandeh MR, Nejaddehbashi F, Givi ME. Prenatal exposure to crude oil vapor reduces differentiation potential of rat fetal mesenchymal stem cells by regulating ERK1/2 and PI3K signaling pathways: Protective effect of quercetin. Reprod Toxicol 2023; 120:108440. [PMID: 37467934 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2023.108440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
It has been indicated that crude oil vapor (COV) induces tissue damage by several molecular mechanisms. Quercetin (QT) as an important component of food with antioxidant properties has a protective role against cell toxicity caused by many pollutants. However, data related to the adverse effects of crude oil vapor (COV) on stem cell fate and differentiation and the role of quercetin (QT) in protecting stem cells against the toxicity caused by these pollutants is very limited. This study aimed to explore the protective effect of QT against the adverse effects of COV on fetal mesenchymal stem cells (fMSCs) differentiation. Twenty-four pregnant Wistar rats were categorized into 4 groups including the control, COV, COV+QT, and QT. Rats were exposed to COV from gestational day (GD) 0-15 and received QT by gavage. The fMSCs were isolated from fetuses, and cell proliferation, differentiation potential, expression of osteogenesis and adipogenesis-related genes, and phosphorylation of PI3K and ERK1/2 signaling proteins were evaluated. The results showed that COV reduced the proliferation and differentiation of fMSCs through the activation of PI3K and ERK1/2 signaling pathways. Also, COV significantly decreased the expression of osteonectin, ALP, BMP-6, Runx-2, PPARγ, and CREBBP genes in differentiated cells. QT treatment increased the proliferation and differentiation of fMSCs in COV-exposed rats. In conclusion, our findings suggest that prenatal exposure to COV impaired fMSCs differentiation and QT reduced the adverse effects of COV by regulating ERK1/2 and PI3K signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Sadeghi
- Department of Basic Science, Division of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Kaveh Khazaeel
- Department of Basic Science, Division of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran; Stem Cells and Transgenic Technology Research Center (STTRC), Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Reza Tabandeh
- Stem Cells and Transgenic Technology Research Center (STTRC), Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Basic Sciences, Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Nejaddehbashi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Ezzati Givi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
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10
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George R, Maiti S, Ganapathy DM. Estimation of L-carnitine levels in diabetic completely edentulous patients for implant diagnosis: A cross-sectional study. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2023; 20:96. [PMID: 37810450 PMCID: PMC10557996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Carnitine is effective in preventing the accumulation of end products related to lipid peroxidation due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Carnitine also exerts a significant anti-inflammatory role through the downregulation of the nuclear factor kappa beta pathway, which leads to a decrease in the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines.The aim of the study was to estimate the L-carnitine (L-C) levels in diabetic completely edentulous patients. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted after the selection of 60 samples based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The collected saliva samples were utilized to measure the levels of L-C using the sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. One hundred microliters of sample was applied to a particular row of wells and incubated for an hour as part of the sandwich ELISA procedure. After the wells had been cleaned, a second batch of monoclonal L-C was added, and they were once more incubated for an hour. The horseradish peroxidase substrate was then applied after washing the second batch as well. To allow the blue-to-yellow color transition, the wells were kept steady. Following the observation of the color shift, the OD was measured, and the concentration was determined using the sandwich ELISA kit's standard curve as an intercept. The data were statistically analyzed using the independent t-test (significant level P < 0.05) and were tabulated. Results The L-C levels have higher levels in nondiabetic patients than in diabetic patients. The difference in the baseline mean value between the groups was statistically significant (P = 0.00). Although it is statistically significant (P = 0.00), the mean value for diabetic individuals is 0.19 as opposed to 0.29 for nondiabetic patients. Conclusion Based on the findings, it can be concluded that L-C improves insulin sensitivity and glucose disposal in diabetic completely edentulous patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinki George
- Departments of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Subhabrata Maiti
- Departments of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dhanraj M. Ganapathy
- Departments of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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11
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Yoon DS, Choi Y, Lee KM, Ko EA, Kim EJ, Park KH, Lee JW. Downregulation of the RNA-binding protein PUM2 facilitates MSC-driven bone regeneration and prevents OVX-induced bone loss. J Biomed Sci 2023; 30:26. [PMID: 37088847 PMCID: PMC10122812 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-023-00920-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although mRNA dysregulation can induce changes in mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) homeostasis, the mechanisms by which post-transcriptional regulation influences MSC differentiation potential remain understudied. PUMILIO2 (PUM2) represses translation by binding target mRNAs in a sequence-specific manner. METHODS In vitro osteogenic differentiation assays were conducted using human bone marrow-derived MSCs. Alkaline phosphatase and alizarin red S staining were used to evaluate the osteogenic potential of MSCs. A rat xenograft model featuring a calvarial defect to examine effects of MSC-driven bone regeneration. RNA-immunoprecipitation (RNA-IP) assay was used to determine the interaction between PUM2 protein and Distal-Less Homeobox 5 (DLX5) mRNA. Ovariectomized (OVX) mice were employed to evaluate the effect of gene therapy for postmenopausal osteoporosis. RESULTS Here, we elucidated the molecular mechanism of PUM2 in MSC osteogenesis and evaluated the applicability of PUM2 knockdown (KD) as a potential cell-based or gene therapy. PUM2 level was downregulated during MSC osteogenic differentiation, and PUM2 KD enhanced MSC osteogenic potential. Following PUM2 KD, MSCs were transplanted onto calvarial defects in 12-week-old rats; after 8 weeks, transplanted MSCs promoted bone regeneration. PUM2 KD upregulated the expression of DLX5 mRNA and protein and the reporter activity of its 3'-untranslated region. RNA-IP revealed direct binding of PUM2 to DLX5 mRNA. We then evaluated the potential of adeno-associated virus serotype 9 (AAV9)-siPum2 as a gene therapy for osteoporosis in OVX mice. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest a novel role for PUM2 in MSC osteogenesis and highlight the potential of PUM2 KD-MSCs in bone regeneration. Additionally, we showed that AAV9-siPum2 is a potential gene therapy for osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Suk Yoon
- Department of Biomedical Science, Hwasung Medi-Science University, Hwaseong-Si 18274, Gyeonggi-Do, South Korea
| | - Yoorim Choi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Kyoung-Mi Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Eun Ae Ko
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Kwang Hwan Park
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Jin Woo Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
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12
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Zheng X, Chen L, Chen T, Cao M, Zhang B, Yuan C, Zhao Z, Li C, Zhou X. The Mechanisms of BDNF Promoting the Proliferation of Porcine Follicular Granulosa Cells: Role of miR-127 and Involvement of the MAPK-ERK1/2 Pathway. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13061115. [PMID: 36978655 PMCID: PMC10044701 DOI: 10.3390/ani13061115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
As a member of the neurotrophic family, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) provides a key link in the physiological process of mammalian ovarian follicle development, in addition to its functions in the nervous system. The emphasis of this study lay in the impact of BDNF on the proliferation of porcine follicular granulosa cells (GCs) in vitro. BDNF and tyrosine kinase B (TrkB, receptor of BDNF) were detected in porcine follicular GCs. Additionally, cell viability significantly increased during the culture of porcine GCs with BDNF (100 ng/mL) in vitro. However, BDNF knockdown in GCs decreased cell viability and S-phase cells proportion-and BDNF simultaneously regulated the expression of genes linked with cell proliferation (CCND1, p21 and Bcl2) and apoptosis (Bax). Then, the results of the receptor blocking experiment showed that BDNF promoted GC proliferation via TrkB. The high-throughput sequencing showed that BDNF also regulated the expression profiles of miRNAs in GCs. The differential expression profiles were obtained by miRNA sequencing after BDNF (100 ng/mL) treatment with GCs. The sequencing results showed that, after BDNF treatment, 72 significant differentially-expressed miRNAs were detected-5 of which were related to cell process and proliferation signaling pathways confirmed by RT-PCR. Furthermore, studies showed that BDNF promoted GCs' proliferation by increasing the expression of CCND1, downregulating miR-127 and activating the ERK1/2 signal pathway. Moreover, BDNF indirectly activated the ERK1/2 signal pathway by downregulating miR-127. In conclusion, BDNF promoted porcine GC proliferation by increasing CCND1 expression, downregulating miR-127 and stimulating the MAPK-ERK1/2 signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zheng
- Laboratory for Regulation of Reproduction, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Laboratory for Regulation of Reproduction, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Tong Chen
- Laboratory for Regulation of Reproduction, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Maosheng Cao
- Laboratory for Regulation of Reproduction, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Boqi Zhang
- Laboratory for Regulation of Reproduction, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Chenfeng Yuan
- Laboratory for Regulation of Reproduction, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Zijiao Zhao
- Laboratory for Regulation of Reproduction, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Chunjin Li
- Laboratory for Regulation of Reproduction, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Laboratory for Regulation of Reproduction, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
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13
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Ross EA, Turner LA, Donnelly H, Saeed A, Tsimbouri MP, Burgess KV, Blackburn G, Jayawarna V, Xiao Y, Oliva MAG, Willis J, Bansal J, Reynolds P, Wells JA, Mountford J, Vassalli M, Gadegaard N, Oreffo ROC, Salmeron-Sanchez M, Dalby MJ. Nanotopography reveals metabolites that maintain the immunomodulatory phenotype of mesenchymal stromal cells. Nat Commun 2023; 14:753. [PMID: 36765065 PMCID: PMC9918539 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36293-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent progenitor cells that are of considerable clinical potential in transplantation and anti-inflammatory therapies due to their capacity for tissue repair and immunomodulation. However, MSCs rapidly differentiate once in culture, making their large-scale expansion for use in immunomodulatory therapies challenging. Although the differentiation mechanisms of MSCs have been extensively investigated using materials, little is known about how materials can influence paracrine activities of MSCs. Here, we show that nanotopography can control the immunomodulatory capacity of MSCs through decreased intracellular tension and increasing oxidative glycolysis. We use nanotopography to identify bioactive metabolites that modulate intracellular tension, growth and immunomodulatory phenotype of MSCs in standard culture and during larger scale cell manufacture. Our findings demonstrate an effective route to support large-scale expansion of functional MSCs for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewan A Ross
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Mazumdar-Shaw Advanced Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G11 6EW, UK
- School of Biosciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK
| | - Lesley-Anne Turner
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Mazumdar-Shaw Advanced Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G11 6EW, UK
| | - Hannah Donnelly
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Mazumdar-Shaw Advanced Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G11 6EW, UK
| | - Anwer Saeed
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Monica P Tsimbouri
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Mazumdar-Shaw Advanced Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G11 6EW, UK
| | - Karl V Burgess
- Glasgow Polyomics, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Garscube Campus, Bearsden, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Gavin Blackburn
- Glasgow Polyomics, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Garscube Campus, Bearsden, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Vineetha Jayawarna
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, Division of Biomedical Engineering, James Watt School of Engineering, Mazumdar-Shaw Advanced Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G11 6EW, UK
| | - Yinbo Xiao
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Mazumdar-Shaw Advanced Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G11 6EW, UK
| | - Mariana A G Oliva
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, Division of Biomedical Engineering, James Watt School of Engineering, Mazumdar-Shaw Advanced Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G11 6EW, UK
| | - Jennifer Willis
- School of Biosciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK
| | - Jaspreet Bansal
- School of Biosciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK
| | - Paul Reynolds
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Julia A Wells
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Joanne Mountford
- Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service, Advanced Therapeutics, Jack Copland Centre, 52 Research Avenue North, Heriot Watt Research Park, Edinburgh, EH14 4BE, UK
| | - Massimo Vassalli
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, Division of Biomedical Engineering, James Watt School of Engineering, Mazumdar-Shaw Advanced Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G11 6EW, UK
| | - Nikolaj Gadegaard
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Richard O C Oreffo
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Manuel Salmeron-Sanchez
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, Division of Biomedical Engineering, James Watt School of Engineering, Mazumdar-Shaw Advanced Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G11 6EW, UK
| | - Matthew J Dalby
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Mazumdar-Shaw Advanced Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G11 6EW, UK.
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14
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Wang X, Zheng W, Bai Z, Huang S, Jiang K, Liu H, Liu L. Mimicking bone matrix through coaxial electrospinning of core-shell nanofibrous scaffold for improving neurogenesis bone regeneration. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 145:213246. [PMID: 36549151 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
There is a significant clinical demand for bone repair materials with high efficacy. This study was designed to fabricate nanofibrous scaffolds to promote bone defect regeneration using magnesium doped mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG), a fusion protein Osteocalcin-Osteopontin-Biglycan (OOB), silk fibroin (SF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) for facilitating accelerated bone formation. We found that MBG adsorbed with OOB (OOB@MBG) as core, and SF adsorbed with NGF (SF@NGF) as shell to fabricate the nanofibrous scaffolds (OOB@MBG/NGF@SF) through coaxial electrospinning. OOB@MBG/NGF@SF scaffolds could effectively mimic the component and structure of bone matrix. Interestingly, we observed that OOB@MBG/NGF@SF scaffolds could substantially promote bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) osteogenesis through stimulating Erk1/2 activated Runx2 and mTOR pathway, and it could also activate the expression level of various osteogenic marker genes. Intriguingly, OOB@MBG/NGF@SF scaffolds could also enhance BMSCs induced neural differentiation cells differentiated into neuron, and activate the expression of the different neuron specific marker genes. Moreover, it was found that OOB@MBG/NGF@SF scaffolds accelerated bone regeneration with neurogenesis, and new neurons were formed in Haversian canal in vivo. Consistent with these observations, we found that Erk1/2 and mTOR signaling pathways also regulated osteogenesis with the neurogenesis process from RNA sequencing result. Overall, our findings provided novel evidence suggesting that OOB@MBG/NGF@SF scaffolds could function as a potential biomaterial in accelerating bone defect regeneration with neurogenesis, as well as in recovering the motor ability and improving the quality of life of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, PR China.
| | - Weijia Zheng
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, PR China
| | - Zhenzu Bai
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, PR China
| | - Shan Huang
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, PR China
| | - Kai Jiang
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, PR China
| | - Haoming Liu
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, PR China
| | - Long Liu
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, PR China
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15
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Alqahtani S, Butcher MC, Ramage G, Dalby MJ, McLean W, Nile CJ. Acetylcholine Receptors in Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Stem Cells Dev 2023; 32:47-59. [PMID: 36355611 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2022.0201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are well known for their regenerative potential. Even though the ability of MSCs to proliferate and differentiate has been studied extensively, there remains much to learn about the signaling mechanisms and pathways that control proliferation and influence the differentiation phenotype. In recent years, there has been growing evidence for the utility of non-neuronal cholinergic signaling systems and that acetylcholine (ACh) plays an important ubiquitous role in cell-to-cell communication. Indeed, cholinergic signaling is hypothesized to occur in stem cells and ACh synthesis, as well as in ACh receptor (AChR) expression, has been identified in several stem cell populations, including MSCs. Furthermore, AChRs have been found to influence MSC regenerative potential. In humans, there are two major classes of AChRs, muscarinic AChRs and nicotinic AChRs, with each class possessing several subtypes or subunits. In this review, the expression and function of AChRs in different types of MSC are summarized with the aim of highlighting how AChRs play a pivotal role in regulating MSC regenerative function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Alqahtani
- School of Medicine Dentistry and Nursing and University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Mark C Butcher
- School of Medicine Dentistry and Nursing and University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Gordon Ramage
- School of Medicine Dentistry and Nursing and University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J Dalby
- School of Molecular Biosciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - William McLean
- School of Medicine Dentistry and Nursing and University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J Nile
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, School of Dental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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16
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Voynova E, Kulebyakin K, Grigorieva O, Novoseletskaya E, Basalova N, Alexandrushkina N, Arbatskiy M, Vigovskiy M, Sorokina A, Zinoveva A, Bakhchinyan E, Kalinina N, Akopyan Z, Tkachuk V, Tyurin-Kuzmin P, Efimenko A. Declined adipogenic potential of senescent MSCs due to shift in insulin signaling and altered exosome cargo. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1050489. [PMID: 36467400 PMCID: PMC9714334 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1050489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) maintain cellular homeostasis and regulate tissue renewal and repair both by differentiating into mesodermal lineage, e.g., adipocytes, or managing the functions of differentiated cells. Insulin is a key physiological inducer of MSC differentiation into adipocytes, and disturbances in MSC insulin sensitivity could negatively affect adipose tissue renewal. During aging, regulation and renewal of adipose tissue cells may be disrupted due to the altered insulin signaling and differentiation potential of senescent MSCs, promoting the development of serious metabolic diseases, including metabolic syndrome and obesity. However, the potential mechanisms mediating the dysfunction of adipose-derived senescent MSC remains unclear. We explored whether aging could affect the adipogenic potential of human adipose tissue-derived MSCs regulated by insulin. Age-associated senescent MSCs (isolated from donors older than 65 years) and MSCs in replicative senescence (long-term culture) were treated by insulin to induce adipogenic differentiation, and the efficiency of the process was compared to MSCs from young donors. Insulin-dependent signaling pathways were explored in these cells. We also analyzed the involvement of extracellular vesicles secreted by MSCs (MSC-EVs) into the regulation of adipogenic differentiation and insulin signaling of control and senescent cells. Also the microRNA profiles of MSC-EVs from aged and young donors were compared using targeted PCR arrays. Both replicatively and chronologically senescent MSCs showed a noticeably decreased adipogenic potential. This was associated with insulin resistance of MSCs from aged donors caused by the increase in the basal level of activation of crucial insulin-dependent intracellular effectors ERK1/2 and Akt. To assess the impact of the paracrine cross-talk of MSCs, we analyzed microRNAs profile differences in MSC-EVs and revealed that senescent MSCs produced EVs with increased content of miRNAs targeting components of insulin-dependent signaling cascade PTEN, MAPK1, GAREM1 and some other targets. We also confirmed these data by differentiation of control MSCs in the presence of EVs from senescent cells and vice versa. Thus, aging attenuated the adipogenic potential of MSCs due to autocrine or paracrine-dependent induction of insulin resistance associated with the specific changes in MSC-EV cargo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizaveta Voynova
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia,*Correspondence: Elizaveta Voynova, ; Pyotr Tyurin-Kuzmin, ; Anastasia Efimenko,
| | - Konstantin Kulebyakin
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia,Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Grigorieva
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Novoseletskaya
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia Basalova
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia Alexandrushkina
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Arbatskiy
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim Vigovskiy
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Sorokina
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Zinoveva
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Natalia Kalinina
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Zhanna Akopyan
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vsevolod Tkachuk
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Pyotr Tyurin-Kuzmin
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia,*Correspondence: Elizaveta Voynova, ; Pyotr Tyurin-Kuzmin, ; Anastasia Efimenko,
| | - Anastasia Efimenko
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia,*Correspondence: Elizaveta Voynova, ; Pyotr Tyurin-Kuzmin, ; Anastasia Efimenko,
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17
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Zheng W, Bai Z, Huang S, Jiang K, Liu L, Wang X. The Effect of Angiogenesis-Based Scaffold of MesoporousBioactive Glass Nanofiber on Osteogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12670. [PMID: 36293527 PMCID: PMC9604128 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
There is still an urgent need for more efficient biological scaffolds to promote the healing of bone defects. Vessels can accelerate bone growth and regeneration by transporting nutrients, which is an excellent method to jointly increase osteogenesis and angiogenesis in bone regeneration. Therefore, we aimed to prepare a composite scaffold that could promote osteogenesis with angiogenesis to enhance bone defect repair. Here, we report that scaffolds were prepared by coaxial electrospinning with mesoporous bioactive glass modified with amino (MBG-NH2) adsorbing insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) as the core and silk fibroin (SF) adsorbing vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) as the shell. These scaffolds were named MBG-NH2/IGF@SF/VEGF and might be used as repair materials to promote bone defect repair. Interestingly, we found that the MBG-NH2/IGF@SF/VEGF scaffolds had nano-scale morphology and high porosity, as well as enough mechanical strength to support the tissue. Moreover, MBG-NH2 could sustain the release of IGF-1 to achieve long-term repair. Additionally, the MBG-NH2/IGF@SF/VEGF scaffolds could significantly promote the mRNA expression levels of osteogenic marker genes and the protein expression levels of Bmp2 and Runx2 in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Meanwhile, the MBG-NH2/IGF@SF/VEGF scaffolds promoted osteogenesis by simulating Runx2 transcription activity through the phosphorylated Erk1/2-activated pathway. Intriguingly, the MBG-NH2/IGF@SF/VEGF scaffolds could also significantly promote the mRNA expression level of angiogenesis marker genes and the protein expression level of CD31. Furthermore, RNA sequencing verified that the MBG-NH2/IGF@SF/VEGF scaffolds had excellent performance in promoting bone defect repair and angiogenesis. Consistent with these observations, we found that the MBG-NH2/IGF@SF/VEGF scaffolds demonstrated a good repair effect on a critical skull defect in mice in vivo, which not only promoted the formation of blood vessels in the haversian canal but also accelerated the bone repair process. We concluded that these MBG-NH2/IGF@SF/VEGF scaffolds could promote bone defect repair under accelerating angiogenesis. Our finding provides a new potential biomaterial for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Long Liu
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (X.W.); Tel.: +86-0731-8700-1351 (X.W.); Fax: +86-0731-8700-1040 (X.W.)
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18
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Upregulation of miR-664a-3p Ameliorates Calcific Aortic Valve Disease by Inhibiting the BMP2 Signaling Pathway. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:2074356. [PMID: 36246570 PMCID: PMC9568341 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2074356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The development of calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is a complex process of ectopic calcification involving various factors that lead to aortic valve stenosis, hemodynamic changes, and, in severe cases, even sudden death. Currently, aortic valve replacement is the only effective method. The osteogenic differentiation of aortic valve interstitial cells (AVICs) is one of the key factors of valve calcification. Emerging evidence suggests that bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) can induce the proosteogenic activation of AVICs. However, the regulatory mechanism underlying this activation in AVICs is unclear. In the present study, we elucidated through high-throughput RNA sequencing and RT-qPCR that miR-664a-3p was evidently downregulated in the calcific aortic valve. We also proved that miR-664a-3p was involved in regulating osteogenic differentiation in AVICs. Target prediction analysis and dual-luciferase reporter gene assay confirmed that miR-664a-3p is preferentially bound to BMP2. Furthermore, the effect of the miR-664a-3p/BMP2 axis on osteogenic differentiation in AVICs was examined using the gain- and loss-of-function approach. Finally, we constructed a mouse CAVD model and verified the effect of the miR-664a-3p/BMP2 axis on the aortic valve calcification leaflets in vivo. In conclusion, miR-664a-3p regulates osteogenic differentiation in AVICs through negative regulation of BMP2, highlighting that miR-664a-3p may be a potential therapeutic target for CAVD.
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Sardar A, Gautam S, Sinha S, Rai D, Tripathi AK, Dhaniya G, Mishra PR, Trivedi R. Nanoparticles of naturally occurring PPAR-γ inhibitor betulinic acid ameliorates bone marrow adiposity and pathological bone loss in ovariectomized rats via Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Life Sci 2022; 309:121020. [PMID: 36191680 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Postmenopausal osteoporosis is one of the world's biggest yet unnoticed health issues. After ovariectomy, declined estrogen level significantly contributes to the elevation of bone marrow adiposity and bone loss leading to osteoporosis. Therapeutics to prevent osteoporosis addressing various aspects are now in short supply. In this study we made an approach to synthesize nanoparticles of naturally occurring PPAR-γ inhibitor, betulinic acid (BA/NPs) and tested the same in altered bone metabolisms developed after ovariectomy. MAIN METHODS The osteogenic efficacy of BA/NPs was established in human and rat primary osteoblast cells using qRT-PCR and immunoblot analysis. Furthermore, lineage allocations of multipotent bone marrow stromal cells were evaluated. Various aspects of altered bone metabolism after ovariectomy such as bone marrow adiposity and pathological bone loss were evaluated using μCT and histological assessments. KEY FINDINGS BA/NPs exert potential osteogenic efficacy by modulating RUNX2 and BMP2. Mechanistically BA/NPs regulate osteoblastogenesis through Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Further, BA/NPs showed the potential to inhibit the differentiation of multipotent BMSCs towards adipogenesis while favouring the osteogenic lineage. In the in vivo study, increased bone marrow adiposity was reduced in ovariectomized rats after BA/NPs treatment as assessed by histology and μCT analysis. Loss of bone mineral density as a hallmark of pathological bone loss was also abrogated by BA/NPs. SIGNIFICANCE Our findings imply that BA/NPs could be used further as a viable drug lead to counteract various pathophysiological challenges after menopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Sardar
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Shalini Gautam
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Shradha Sinha
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Divya Rai
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | | | - Geeta Dhaniya
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Prabhat Ranjan Mishra
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
| | - Ritu Trivedi
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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20
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Deng S, Zeng Y, Xiang J, Lin S, Shen J. Icariin protects bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in aplastic anemia by targeting MAPK pathway. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:8317-8324. [PMID: 35708859 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07645-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Icariin, the main pharmacological active flavonoid extracted from Epimedi herba, can regulate cellular processes in diverse diseases. The aim of this study was to explore the effects and mechanisms of icariin on proliferation and adipogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in aplastic anemia (AA). METHODS AND RESULTS Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from posterior tibias and femurs of AA rats that were induced by benzene and cyclophosphamide and gavaged with icariin. The isolated BMSCs were characterized morphologically and immunologically by positive markers (CD29 and CD90) and negative markers (CD34 and CD45). CCK-8 assay was performed to examine the BMSCs proliferation. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle were detected by flow cytometry. Oil red O staining was carried out to evaluate the adipogenesis of BMSCs. The mRNA expression of PPARγ, C/EBP-α, and FABP4 was measured by qRT-PCR. The protein levels of p-p38/p38, p-JNK/JNK, p-ERK/ERK, PPARγ, C/EBP-α, and FABP4 were detected using Western blotting. Icariin promoted the proliferation of BMSCs from AA rats in a dose-dependent manner. The protein levels of p-p38/p38, p-JNK/JNK, and p-ERK/ERK were downregulated in BMSCs from AA rats after icariin treatment. Icariin inhibited the apoptosis and arrested cell cycle at G/S phase of BMSCs from AA rats. The adipogenesis of BMSCs from AA rats was also suppressed after icariin treatment. However, the effects of icariin on BMSCs were weakened by p38 agonist addition. CONCLUSIONS Icariin promoted the proliferation and inhibited the apoptosis and adipogenesis of BMSCs in AA by suppressing MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Deng
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 54 Youdian Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Yuqing Zeng
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Jingjing Xiang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 54 Youdian Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Shengyun Lin
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 54 Youdian Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Jianping Shen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 54 Youdian Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
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21
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Wang YF, Chang YY, Zhang XM, Gao MT, Zhang QL, Li X, Zhang L, Yao WF. Salidroside protects against osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats by inhibiting oxidative stress and promoting osteogenesis via Nrf2 activation. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 99:154020. [PMID: 35278902 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis (OP) is characterized as low bone mass, bone microarchitecture breakdown and bone fragility. The increase of oxidative stress could lead to breakdown in the balance of bone formation and resorption which gives rise to OP. Nrf2 is a transcription factor which takes part in oxidative stress and recently was reported that it can regulate the occurrence of OP. Salidroside (SAL) with the efficacies of anti-oxidation, anti-aging and bone-protection is one of the active ingredients in Ligustri Lucidi Fructus, a traditional Chinese medicinal herb. Nevertheless, few studies have explored the potential mechanism of SAL preventing OP development from the perspective of oxidative stress intervention. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the pharmacological effect and molecular mechanisms of SAL on OP. STUDY DESIGNS AND METHODS A tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP)-induced oxidative stress model was applied for investigating the effects of SAL in vitro, and an ovariectomized (OVX) model was used for in vivo study on the effect of SAL for OP. Related pharmacodynamic actions and molecular mechanisms of SAL were explored in both rat osteoblasts (ROBs) and OVX rats. Network biology and cell metabolomics were performed for further investigating the correlation and association among potential biomarkers, targets and pathways. RESULTS SAL reduced levels of ROS and lipid peroxidation (LPO), increased activities of antioxidant enzymes like GPx and SOD, and enhanced osteogenic differentiation in t-BHP-induced ROBs and OVX rats. Mechanistic studies showed SAL prevented OP development and reduced oxidative damage in ROBs and OVX rats through up-regulating Nrf2 expression and facilitating its nuclear translocation. The joint analysis of network biology and cell metabolomics revealed that galactose metabolism and fatty acid metabolism could be the major influenced pathways following treatment with SAL. CONCLUSION SAL could protect against OP by inhibiting oxidative stress, promoting osteogenesis through the up-regulation of Nrf2 and intervening galactose metabolism and fatty acid metabolism. Our study implied that SAL may be a potential drug to treat OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yue-Yue Chang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Xue-Meng Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Meng-Ting Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Qiu-Lan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Li Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wei-Feng Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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22
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Gao L, Zhang SQ. Antiosteoporosis Effects, Pharmacokinetics, and Drug Delivery Systems of Icaritin: Advances and Prospects. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:397. [PMID: 35455393 PMCID: PMC9032325 DOI: 10.3390/ph15040397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disorder affecting over 200 million people worldwide and contributes dramatically to global healthcare costs. Available anti-osteoporotic drug treatments including hormone replacement therapy, anabolic agents, and bisphosphonates often cause adverse events which limit their long-term use. Therefore, the application of natural products has been proposed as an alternative therapy strategy. Icaritin (ICT) is not only an enzyme-hydrolyzed product of icariin but also an intestinal metabolite of eight major flavonoids of the traditional Chinese medicinal plant Epimedium with extensive pharmacological activities, such as strengthening the kidney and reinforcing the bone. ICT displays several therapeutic effects, including osteoporosis prevention, neuroprotection, antitumor, cardiovascular protection, anti-inflammation, and immune-protective effect. ICT inhibits bone resorption activity of osteoclasts and stimulates osteogenic differentiation and maturation of bone marrow stromal progenitor cells and osteoblasts. As for the mechanisms of effect, ICT regulates relative activities of two transcription factors Runx2 and PPARγ, determines the differentiation of MSCs into osteoblasts, increases mRNA expression of OPG, and inhibits mRNA expression of RANKL. Poor water solubility, high lipophilicity, and unfavorable pharmacokinetic properties of ICT restrict its anti-osteoporotic effects, and novel drug delivery systems are explored to overcome intrinsic limitations of ICT. The paper focuses on osteogenic effects and mechanisms, pharmacokinetics and delivery systems of ICT, and highlights bone-targeting strategies to concentrate ICT on the ideal specific site of bone. ICT is a promising potential novel therapeutic agent for osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifang Gao
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, 10 Youanmenwai Xitiao, Beijing 100069, China;
| | - Shuang-Qing Zhang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Beijing 100050, China
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23
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Gao X, Hong G, Zhan W, Liu T, Yan S, Deng M, Tu C, Li P. DPA promotes hBMSCs osteogenic differentiation by miR-9-5p/ERK/ALP signaling pathway. Int J Med Sci 2022; 19:1879-1887. [PMID: 36438924 PMCID: PMC9682506 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.77729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) has been reported potentiate osteogenic differentiation, while Docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), another Omega-3 fatty acid, its contribution to the osteogenic differentiation of human bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hBMSCs) is not entirely elucidated. The Alizarin Red S (ARS) staining and the expression of osteogenesis‑associated genes were analyzed during osteogenic induction by DPA. Then, bioinformatics analysis and dual luciferase reporter assays were investigated to confirm the interactions between miR-9-5p and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). miR-9-5p mimics / inhibitor were transfected to human hBMSCs and the osteogenic assay above was also performed. Furthermore, DPA significantly promoted the phosphorylation of ERK via miR-9-5p. PD98059, a highly specific and potent ERK1/2 inhibitor, inhibited the activation of ALP and partially reversed the role of DPA during osteogenic differentiation. These data indicated that DPA promoted osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs potentially through miR-9-5p/ERK/ALP signaling pathway, providing a potentially useful therapeutic strategy for patients to improve bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Gao
- Stem Cell Research and Cellular Therapy Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Guanhao Hong
- Stem Cell Research and Cellular Therapy Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China.,Orthopedic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Weiqiang Zhan
- Stem Cell Research and Cellular Therapy Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China.,Orthopedic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Tianfeng Liu
- Orthopedic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Shouquan Yan
- Stem Cell Research and Cellular Therapy Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China.,Scientific Research Department, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Mingzhu Deng
- Stem Cell Research and Cellular Therapy Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China.,Orthopedic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Chenlin Tu
- Stem Cell Research and Cellular Therapy Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China.,Orthopedic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Peng Li
- Stem Cell Research and Cellular Therapy Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
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24
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Damiati LA, Tsimbouri MP, Hernandez VL, Jayawarna V, Ginty M, Childs P, Xiao Y, Burgess K, Wells J, Sprott MR, Meek RMD, Li P, Oreffo ROC, Nobbs A, Ramage G, Su B, Salmeron-Sanchez M, Dalby MJ. Materials-driven fibronectin assembly on nanoscale topography enhances mesenchymal stem cell adhesion, protecting cells from bacterial virulence factors and preventing biofilm formation. Biomaterials 2021; 280:121263. [PMID: 34810036 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Post-operative infection is a major complication in patients recovering from orthopaedic surgery. As such, there is a clinical need to develop biomaterials for use in regenerative surgery that can promote mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) osteospecific differentiation and that can prevent infection caused by biofilm-forming pathogens. Nanotopographical approaches to pathogen control are being identified, including in orthopaedic materials such as titanium and its alloys. These topographies use high aspect ratio nanospikes or nanowires to prevent bacterial adhesion but these features also significantly reduce MSC adhesion and activity. Here, we use a poly (ethyl acrylate) (PEA) polymer coating on titanium nanowires to spontaneously organise fibronectin (FN) and to deliver bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) to enhance MSC adhesion and osteospecific signalling. Using a novel MSC-Pseudomonas aeruginosa co-culture, we show that the coated nanotopographies protect MSCs from cytotoxic quorum sensing and signalling molecules, enhance MSC adhesion and osteoblast differentiation and reduce biofilm formation. We conclude that the PEA polymer-coated nanotopography can both support MSCs and prevent pathogens from adhering to a biomaterial surface, thus protecting from biofilm formation and bacterial infection, and supporting osteogenic repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila A Damiati
- Department of Biology, Collage of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, 23890, Saudi Arabia; Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Monica P Tsimbouri
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Virginia-Llopis Hernandez
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Vineetha Jayawarna
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, Division of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8LT, UK
| | - Mark Ginty
- School of Oral and Dental Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS1 2LY, UK
| | - Peter Childs
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1QE, UK
| | - Yinbo Xiao
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Karl Burgess
- Glasgow Polyomics Facility, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Switchback Rd, Bearsden, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Julia Wells
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Mark R Sprott
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - R M Dominic Meek
- Department of Orthopedics, Queen Elizabeth II University Hospital, Glasgow, G51 4TF, UK
| | - Peifeng Li
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, Division of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8LT, UK
| | - Richard O C Oreffo
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Angela Nobbs
- School of Oral and Dental Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS1 2LY, UK
| | - Gordon Ramage
- Oral Sciences Research Group, Glasgow Dental School, School of Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Bo Su
- School of Oral and Dental Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS1 2LY, UK
| | - Manuel Salmeron-Sanchez
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, Division of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8LT, UK.
| | - Matthew J Dalby
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
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25
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Kim CY, Cho DH, Chung DJ, Lee SH, Han Y, Lee KY. Dlx5 Represses the Transcriptional Activity of PPARγ. Biol Pharm Bull 2021; 44:1303-1308. [PMID: 34471058 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b21-00245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is a master transcription factor in adipocyte differentiation, while distal-less homeobox 5 (Dlx5) is essential for initiating osteoblast differentiation by driving Runt-related transcription factor 2 expression. Considering that adipocytes and osteoblasts share common progenitors, there is a reciprocal correlation between bone and fat formation. However, the mechanism by which Dlx5 controls PPARγ remains unclear. We elucidated that Dlx5 physically binds to PPARγ during immunoprecipitation; in particular, the ligand-binding and DNA-binding domains of PPARγ were involved in the interaction. Transcriptional activity of PPARγ was significantly decreased by Dlx5 overexpression, whereas the opposite results were detected with Dlx5 knockdown. Rosiglitazone, a PPARγ agonist, further enhanced the PPARγ-induced transcriptional activity; however, Dlx5 overexpression effectively repressed the rosiglitazone-mediated increase in activity. Finally, DNA-binding affinity assay revealed that Dlx5 interrupts the interaction of PPARγ with the PPARγ response element promoter. In conclusion, our findings indicate that Dlx5 impedes PPARγ-induced activity, and it may be useful for managing diabetes drug-mediated obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chae Yul Kim
- College of Pharmacy & Research Institute of Drug Development, Chonnam National University
| | - Dong Hyeok Cho
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School
| | - Dong Jin Chung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School
| | - Sung Ho Lee
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine
| | - Younho Han
- Department of Oral Pharmacology, College of Dentistry, Wonkwang University
| | - Kwang Youl Lee
- College of Pharmacy & Research Institute of Drug Development, Chonnam National University
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26
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Wu Y, Zhang M, Chen X, Zhou Y, Chen Z. Metabolomic analysis to elucidate the change of the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in senescent osteoblasts. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2021; 85:611-620. [PMID: 33580670 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbaa097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Senile osteoporosis is a major public health concern, and yet, effective treatment methods do not exist. Herein, we used metabolomics to analyze the change of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in senescent osteoblasts. We found that with an increase in the number of passages, the osteoblasts proliferative ability, alkaline phosphatase activity, and expression levels of bone metabolism genes decreased, the expression levels of aging-related genes increased, the damage caused by oxidative stress became more severe. Furthermore, levels of n-3 PUFA family members were downregulated in passage 10 than in passage 3 osteoblasts. These findings indicated that multiple passages led to more severe oxidative stress damage in senescent osteoblasts, which could be related to a decrease in n-3 PUFA levels. We believe that unsaturated fatty acid metabolism is a key factor involved in osteoblast senescence and that a proper dietary intake of n-3 PUFA may delay the occurrence senile osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Mengjun Zhang
- Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University (Xiamen Branch), Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xinwei Chen
- Graduation School of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zhou Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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Wang G, Wan L, Zhang L, Yan C, Zhang Y. MicroRNA-133a Regulates the Viability and Differentiation Fate of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells via MAPK/ERK Signaling Pathway by Targeting FGFR1. DNA Cell Biol 2021; 40:1112-1123. [PMID: 34165368 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2021.0206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) is recognized critical in bone deteriorations of osteoporosis. However, the specific mechanisms that determine the fate of BMSCs remain elusive. MicroRNA-133a (miR-133a), a highly conserved microRNA, was investigated under both in vitro and in vivo conditions. In the in vitro study, cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, and osteoblast/adipocyte differentiation of BMSCs as a result of overexpression or knockdown of miR-133a was investigated. In the in vivo study, the ovariectomy (OVX) model was applied on mice, with further treatment of the models with BMSC-specific miR-133a antagomir through femur intramedullary injection. Microcomputed tomography scanning and histological analysis of the proximal and middle femur were performed to evaluate the morphological changes. The results revealed that overexpression of miR-133a suppressed cell proliferation, cell viability, and osteoblast differentiation of BMSCs, but increased adipocyte differentiation. We also found that FGFR1, an important upstream regulator of mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK) signal pathway, was a major target of miR-133a. We also recorded that BMSC-specific knockdown of miR-133a attenuates bone loss in OVX mice. Our study suggested that miR-133a played an important role in maintaining the viability and balance between osteoblast and adipocyte differentiation of BMSCs through the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway by targeting FGFR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lifu Wan
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lecheng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Chao Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuelei Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Deng P, Yuan Q, Cheng Y, Li J, Liu Z, Liu Y, Li Y, Su T, Wang J, Salvo ME, Wang W, Fan G, Lyons K, Yu B, Wang CY. Loss of KDM4B exacerbates bone-fat imbalance and mesenchymal stromal cell exhaustion in skeletal aging. Cell Stem Cell 2021; 28:1057-1073.e7. [PMID: 33571444 PMCID: PMC8178178 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2021.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal aging is a complex process, characterized by a decrease in bone formation, an increase in marrow fat, and stem cell exhaustion. Loss of H3K9me3, a heterochromatin mark, has been proposed to be associated with aging. Here, we report that loss of KDM4B in mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) exacerbated skeletal aging and osteoporosis by reducing bone formation and increasing marrow adiposity via increasing H3K9me3. KDM4B epigenetically coordinated β-catenin/Smad1-mediated transcription by removing repressive H3K9me3. Importantly, KDM4B ablation impaired MSC self-renewal and promoted MSC exhaustion by inducing senescence-associated heterochromatin foci formation, providing a mechanistic explanation for stem cell exhaustion with aging. Moreover, while KDM4B was required for parathyroid hormone-mediated bone anabolism, KDM4B depletion accelerated bone loss and marrow adiposity induced by a high-fat diet. Our results suggest that the epigenetic rejuvenation and reversing bone-fat imbalance might be new strategies for preventing and treating skeletal aging and osteoporosis by activating KDM4B in MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Deng
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling, Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Quan Yuan
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling, Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yingduan Cheng
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling, Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jiong Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling, Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Zhenqing Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling, Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yan Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling, Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ye Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling, Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Trent Su
- Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biology and Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 695 Charles Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Mari Ekimyan Salvo
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling, Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Weiguang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Guoping Fan
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 695 Charles Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Karen Lyons
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Bo Yu
- Division of Constitutive and Regenerative Science, School of Dentistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Cun-Yu Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling, Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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29
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Huang W, Lin Y, Xiang H, Zhu J, Wang Y. Angiopoietin-like protein 8, molecular cloning and regulating lipid accumulation in goat intramuscular preadipocytes. Anim Biotechnol 2021; 33:876-883. [PMID: 34077300 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2020.1845711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to clone the full-length open reading frame (ORF) of goat ANGPTL8 gene sequence, reveal its molecular and expression characteristics, and explore its effect on the differentiation of goat intramuscular preadipocytes. The full-length ORF sequence of goat ANGPTL8 gene was cloned by RT-PCR technology, and bioinformatics analysis was performed by related biological software. RT-qPCR was used to detect the expression of ANGPTL8 mRNA in goat tissues. Further use of RNA interference to study the effect of ANGPTL8 on the differentiation of goat intramuscular preadipocytes. The total length of the ANGPTL8 gene nucleotide sequence is 717 bp, including 597 bp of ORF, encoding 198 amino acids. Goat ANGPTL8 has the closest relationship with sheep, it was widely expressed in different tissues, and relatively enriched in liver. The silence of ANGPTL8 inhibited the accumulation of lipid droplets by 5.76% in goat intramuscular preadipocytes (p > 0.05) and significantly suppressed the expression of the genes related to preadipocytes differentiation, fatty acid synthesis and transport (p<0.05 or p<0.01). These data illuminate the speculation that ANGPTL8 may involve in the lipid accumulation regulation via the control of PPARγ and C/EBPβ in goat adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaqiu Lin
- Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hua Xiang
- Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiangjiang Zhu
- Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
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30
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Lambert J, Saliba J, Calderon C, Sii-Felice K, Salma M, Edmond V, Alvarez JC, Delord M, Marty C, Plo I, Kiladjian JJ, Soler E, Vainchenker W, Villeval JL, Rousselot P, Prost S. PPARγ agonists promote the resolution of myelofibrosis in preclinical models. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:136713. [PMID: 33914703 DOI: 10.1172/jci136713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Myelofibrosis (MF) is a non-BCR-ABL myeloproliferative neoplasm associated with poor outcomes. Current treatment has little effect on the natural history of the disease. MF results from complex interactions between (a) the malignant clone, (b) an inflammatory context, and (c) remodeling of the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment. Each of these points is a potential target of PPARγ activation. Here, we demonstrated the therapeutic potential of PPARγ agonists in resolving MF in 3 mouse models. We showed that PPARγ agonists reduce myeloproliferation, modulate inflammation, and protect the BM stroma in vitro and ex vivo. Activation of PPARγ constitutes a relevant therapeutic target in MF, and our data support the possibility of using PPARγ agonists in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Lambert
- Division of Innovative Therapies, CEA/DRF/François Jacob Biology Institute, UMR1184 IMVA-HB/IDMIT, Université Paris-Saclay, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.,Department of Hematology and Oncology, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Le Chesnay, France.,Opale Carnot Institute, Paris, France
| | - Joseph Saliba
- Division of Innovative Therapies, CEA/DRF/François Jacob Biology Institute, UMR1184 IMVA-HB/IDMIT, Université Paris-Saclay, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Carolina Calderon
- Division of Innovative Therapies, CEA/DRF/François Jacob Biology Institute, UMR1184 IMVA-HB/IDMIT, Université Paris-Saclay, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.,Opale Carnot Institute, Paris, France
| | - Karine Sii-Felice
- Division of Innovative Therapies, CEA/DRF/François Jacob Biology Institute, UMR1184 IMVA-HB/IDMIT, Université Paris-Saclay, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Mohammad Salma
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France.,Université de Paris, Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Edmond
- INSERM, UMR1287, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Jean-Claude Alvarez
- Département de Pharmacologie-Toxicologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ile-de-France Ouest, AP-HP, Hôpital Raymond-Poincaré, FHU Sepsis, Garches, France.,MasSpecLab, Plateforme de spectrométrie de masse, INSERM U-1173, Université Paris-Saclay (Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines), UFR des sciences de la santé, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Marc Delord
- Recherche Clinique, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Le Chesnay, France
| | - Caroline Marty
- INSERM, UMR1287, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Isabelle Plo
- INSERM, UMR1287, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Kiladjian
- Opale Carnot Institute, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques CIC 1427, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Eric Soler
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France.,Université de Paris, Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
| | | | - Jean-Luc Villeval
- INSERM, UMR1287, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Philippe Rousselot
- Division of Innovative Therapies, CEA/DRF/François Jacob Biology Institute, UMR1184 IMVA-HB/IDMIT, Université Paris-Saclay, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.,Department of Hematology and Oncology, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Le Chesnay, France.,Opale Carnot Institute, Paris, France.,Université Paris-Saclay (Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines), UFR des sciences de la santé, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Stéphane Prost
- Division of Innovative Therapies, CEA/DRF/François Jacob Biology Institute, UMR1184 IMVA-HB/IDMIT, Université Paris-Saclay, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.,Opale Carnot Institute, Paris, France
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31
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Della Bella E, Buetti-Dinh A, Licandro G, Ahmad P, Basoli V, Alini M, Stoddart MJ. Dexamethasone Induces Changes in Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells via SOX9 and PPARG, but Not RUNX2. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4785. [PMID: 33946412 PMCID: PMC8124248 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the huge body of research on osteogenic differentiation and bone tissue engineering, the translation potential of in vitro results still does not match the effort employed. One reason might be that the protocols used for in vitro research have inherent pitfalls. The synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone is commonly used in protocols for trilineage differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (hBMSCs). However, in the case of osteogenic commitment, dexamethasone has the main pitfall of inhibiting terminal osteoblast differentiation, and its pro-adipogenic effect is well known. In this work, we aimed to clarify the role of dexamethasone in the osteogenesis of hBMSCs, with a particular focus on off-target differentiation. The results showed that dexamethasone does induce osteogenic differentiation by inhibiting SOX9 expression, but not directly through RUNX2 upregulation as it is commonly thought. Rather, PPARG is concomitantly and strongly upregulated, leading to the formation of adipocyte-like cells within osteogenic cultures. Limiting the exposure to dexamethasone to the first week of differentiation did not affect the mineralization potential. Gene expression levels of RUNX2, SOX9, and PPARG were simulated using approximate Bayesian computation based on a simplified theoretical model, which was able to reproduce the observed experimental trends but with a different range of responses, indicating that other factors should be integrated to fully understand how dexamethasone influences cell fate. In summary, this work provides evidence that current in vitro differentiation protocols based on dexamethasone do not represent a good model, and further research is warranted in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Della Bella
- AO Research Institute Davos, 7270 Davos Platz, Switzerland; (E.D.B.); (P.A.); (V.B.); (M.A.)
| | - Antoine Buetti-Dinh
- Laboratory of applied microbiology (LMA), Department of Environment, Constructions and Design (DACD), University of Applied Sciences of Southern Switzerland (SUPSI), 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland;
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Quartier Sorge—Batiment Genopode, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ginevra Licandro
- Dalle Molle Institute for Artificial Intelligence (IDSIA), University of Italian Switzerland (USI), 6928 Manno, Switzerland;
- University of Applied Science and Art of Southern Switzerland (SUPSI), 6928 Manno, Switzerland
| | - Paras Ahmad
- AO Research Institute Davos, 7270 Davos Platz, Switzerland; (E.D.B.); (P.A.); (V.B.); (M.A.)
| | - Valentina Basoli
- AO Research Institute Davos, 7270 Davos Platz, Switzerland; (E.D.B.); (P.A.); (V.B.); (M.A.)
| | - Mauro Alini
- AO Research Institute Davos, 7270 Davos Platz, Switzerland; (E.D.B.); (P.A.); (V.B.); (M.A.)
| | - Martin J. Stoddart
- AO Research Institute Davos, 7270 Davos Platz, Switzerland; (E.D.B.); (P.A.); (V.B.); (M.A.)
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Center—Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
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32
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High glucose promotes mineralization via bone morphogenetic protein 4-Smad signals in early stage of osteoblast differentiation. Diabetol Int 2021; 12:171-180. [PMID: 33786272 DOI: 10.1007/s13340-020-00463-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is associated with bone fragility. Although osteoblast maturation is disturbed in patients with diabetes mellitus, the involvement of high glucose (HG) in different stages of osteoblast maturation is unclear. We used MC3T3-E1 cells, a murine osteoblastic cell line. The cells were incubated in high glucose medium (16.5 and 27.5 mM) with three different time courses: throughout 21 days, only first 7 days (early stage) and only last 7 days (late stage). Mineralization assay showed that HG throughout 21 days increased mineralization compared with control (5.5 mM). In the time course experiment, HG increased mRNA expression of Alp, osteocalcin (Ocn), runt-related transcription factor 2 and osterix on days 3 and 5. By contrast, long-term treatment with HG (14 and 21 days) decreased expression of these osteoblastic markers. HG only during early stage enhanced mineralization, while HG only during late stage had no effects. HG increased the expression of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 4 and enhanced phosphorylation of Smad1/5/8. Treatment with a BMP receptor antagonist LDN193189 prevented the HG-induced mineralization during early stage of osteoblast differentiation, indicating that HG in the early stage promotes mineralization by BMP4. In conclusion, the study demonstrates that continuous HG treatment might enhance early osteoblast differentiation but disturbs osteoblast maturation, and that BMP-4-Smad signal might be involved in the HG-induced differentiation and mineralization of osteoblasts.
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Yamazaki M, Kidoaki S, Fujie H, Miyoshi H. Designing Elastic Modulus of Cell Culture Substrate to Regulate YAP and RUNX2 Localization for Controlling Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells. ANAL SCI 2021; 37:447-453. [PMID: 33692265 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.20scp02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
To establish a guideline for the design of cell culture substrates to control human mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation, we quantitatively characterized the heterogeneity in the responsiveness of MSCs to the elastic modulus of culture substrates. We analyzed the elastic modulus-dependent dynamics of a mechanotransducer, YAP, and an osteogenic differentiation factor, RUNX2, in three different MSC lots using a styrenated gelatin gel with controllable elastic modulus. The percentage of cells with YAP in the nucleus increased linearly with increases in the elastic modulus, reaching a plateau at 10 kPa for all the lots analyzed. The increase in the percentage with the substrate elastic modulus was described by the same linear function. The percentage of cells with RUNX2 nuclear localization also increased linearly with increases in the substrate elastic modulus, plateauing at 5 kPa, although the regression lines to the linearly increasing regions varied between lots. These similarities and differences in YAP and RUNX2 dynamics among cell populations are basis to design the substrate elastic modulus to manipulate YAP and RUNX2 localizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Yamazaki
- Mechanical Systems and Engineering, Graduate School Systems Design, Tokyo Metropolitan University
| | - Satoru Kidoaki
- Laboratory of Biomedical and Biophysical Chemistry, Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University
| | - Hiromichi Fujie
- Mechanical Systems and Engineering, Graduate School Systems Design, Tokyo Metropolitan University
| | - Hiromi Miyoshi
- Mechanical Systems and Engineering, Graduate School Systems Design, Tokyo Metropolitan University
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34
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Yang F, Carmona A, Stojkova K, Garcia Huitron EI, Goddi A, Bhushan A, Cohen RN, Brey EM. A 3D human adipose tissue model within a microfluidic device. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:435-446. [PMID: 33351023 PMCID: PMC7876365 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc00981d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
An accurate in vitro model of human adipose tissue could assist in the study of adipocyte function and allow for better tools for screening new therapeutic compounds. Cell culture models on two-dimensional surfaces fall short of mimicking the three-dimensional in vivo adipose environment, while three-dimensional culture models are often unable to support long-term cell culture due, in part, to insufficient mass transport. Microfluidic systems have been explored for adipose tissue models. However, current systems have primarily focused on 2D cultured adipocytes. In this work, a 3D human adipose microtissue was engineered within a microfluidic system. Human adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) were used as the cell source for generating differentiated adipocytes. The ADSCs differentiated within the microfluidic system formed a dense lipid-loaded mass with the expression of adipose tissue genetic markers. Engineered adipose tissue showed a decreased adiponectin secretion and increased free fatty acid secretion with increasing shear stress. Adipogenesis markers were downregulated with increasing shear stress. Overall, this microfluidic system enables the on-chip differentiation and development of a functional 3D human adipose microtissue supported by the interstitial flow. This system could potentially serve as a platform for in vitro drug testing for adipose tissue-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feipeng Yang
- Illinois Institute of Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chicago, 60616, USA
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35
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Kuvyrkou YU, Brezhneva N, Skorb EV, Ulasevich SA. The influence of the morphology of titania and hydroxyapatite on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells. RSC Adv 2021; 11:3843-3853. [PMID: 35424371 PMCID: PMC8694191 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra08271f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, the proliferation and osteogenic potential of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) on the disordered and ordered porous morphology of the titania surface and titania surface modified by hydroxyapatite (HA) are compared for the first time. In 5 days, the MTT-assay showed that the ordered porous morphology of electrochemically fabricated titania nanotubes (TNT) and TNT with chemically deposited hydroxyapatite (TNT–HA) was favorable for stem cell proliferation. In 14 days, RT-qPCR demonstrated that the disordered porous morphology of the sonochemically produced titania mesoporous surface (TMS) and TMS modified by the chemical deposition of HA (TMS–HA) led to the differentiation of hMSCs into the osteogenic direction in the absence of osteogenic inductors. These results originate from the mechanism of mechanotransduction, which sheds a light on the interaction of mesenchymal stem cells with the porous interface through focal adhesion, regulating the expression of genes determining stem cell self-renewal and osteogenic differentiation. The strong focal adhesion of hMSCs adjusted by the disordered TMS and TMS–HA is enough to induce osteogenic differentiation with the delay of cellular self-renewal. The weak focal adhesion of hMSCs tuned by the ordered TNT and TNT–HA affects only cellular self-renewal. The present research makes a new contribution to nanomedicine and engineering of porous implant interfaces for the replacement of bone injuries. Herein, the proliferation and osteogenic potential of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) on the disordered and ordered porous morphology of the titania surface and titania surface modified by hydroxyapatite (HA) are compared for the first time.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yauheni U Kuvyrkou
- Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Transfusiology and Medical Biotechnologies Dolginovskiy tract 160 220053 Minsk Belarus.,Belarusian State Technological University Sverdlova str. 13a 220006 Minsk Belarus
| | - Nadzeya Brezhneva
- Chemistry Department, Belarusian State University Leningradskaya str. 14 220030 Minsk Belarus
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36
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Fatima S, Alfrayh R, Alrashed M, Alsobaie S, Ahmad R, Mahmood A. Selenium Nanoparticles by Moderating Oxidative Stress Promote Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Osteoblasts. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:331-343. [PMID: 33488075 PMCID: PMC7814244 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s285233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Redox homeostasis plays an important role in the osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) for bone engineering. Oxidative stress (OS) is believed to induce osteoporosis by changing bone homeostasis. Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs), an antioxidant with pleiotropic pharmacological activity, prevent bone loss. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the osteogenic activity during hMSC–SeNP interaction is unclear. Methods This study assessed the effects of different concentrations (25, 50, 100, and 300 ng/mL) of SeNPs on the cell viability and differentiation ability of human embryonic stem cell-derived hMSCs. In addition, we analyzed OS markers and their effect on mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and Forkhead box O3 (FOXO3) during osteogenesis. Results SeNPs increased the cell viability of hMSCs and induced their differentiation toward an osteogenic over an adipogenic lineage by enhancing osteogenic transcription and mineralization, while inhibiting Nile red staining and adipogenic gene expression. By preventing excessive reactive oxygen species accumulation, SeNPs increased antioxidant levels in hMSCs undergoing osteogenesis compared to untreated cells. In addition, SeNPs significantly upregulated the gene and protein expression of phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and FOXO3a, with no significant change in the expression levels of extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) and p38 MAPK. Conclusion The results approved that low concentrations of SeNPs might enhance the cell viability and osteogenic potential of hMSCs by moderating OS. Increased JNK and FOXO3a expression shows that SeNPs might enhance osteogenesis via activation of the JNK/FOXO3 pathway. In addition, SeNP co-supplementation might prevent bone loss by enhancing osteogenesis and, thus, can be an effective candidate for treating osteoporosis through cell-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabiha Fatima
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rawan Alfrayh
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - May Alrashed
- Chair of Medical and Molecular Genetics Research, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Alsobaie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehan Ahmad
- Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, King Saud University, College of Medicine, Riyadh 11472, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amer Mahmood
- Stem Cell Unit, Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh 11461, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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37
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Ahluwalia A, Hoa N, Ge L, Blumberg B, Levin ER. Mechanisms by Which Membrane and Nuclear ER Alpha Inhibit Adipogenesis in Cells Isolated From Female Mice. Endocrinology 2020; 161:5911730. [PMID: 32976570 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqaa175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells can differentiate into mature chondrocytes, osteoblasts, and adipocytes. Excessive and dysfunctional visceral adipocytes increase upon menopause and importantly contribute to altered metabolism in postmenopausal women. We previously showed both plasma membrane and nuclear estrogen receptors alpha (ERα) with endogenous estrogen are required to suppress adipogenesis in vivo. Here we determined mechanisms by which these liganded ER pools collaborate to inhibit the peroxisome proliferator-activated gamma (PPARγ) gene and subsequent progenitor differentiation. In 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC), membrane ERα signaled through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B (AKT) to enhance ERα nuclear localization, importantly at the PPARγ gene promoter. AKT also increased overall abundance and recruitment of co-repressors GATA3, β-catenin, and TCF4 to the PPARγ promoter. Membrane ERα signaling additionally enhanced wingless-integrated (Wnt)1 and 10b expression. The components of the repressor complex were required for estrogen to inhibit rosiglitazone-induced differentiation of ADSC and 3T3-L1 cells to mature adipocytes. These mechanisms whereby ER cellular pools collaborate to inhibit gene expression limit progenitor differentiation to mature adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Ahluwalia
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Long Beach, Long Beach, California, USA
| | - Neil Hoa
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Long Beach, Long Beach, California, USA
| | - Lisheng Ge
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Long Beach, Long Beach, California, USA
| | - Bruce Blumberg
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Ellis R Levin
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Long Beach, Long Beach, California, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
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Xie W, Xiao W, Tang K, Zhang L, Li Y. Yes-Associated Protein 1: Role and Treatment Prospects in Orthopedic Degenerative Diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:573455. [PMID: 33178690 PMCID: PMC7593614 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.573455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The Hippo/yes-associated protein 1 signaling pathway is an evolutionarily conserved signaling pathway. This signaling pathway is primarily involved in the regulation of stem cell self-renewal, organ size and tissue regeneration by regulating cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. It plays an important role in embryonic development and tissue organ formation. Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) is a key transcription factor in the Hippo signaling pathway and is negatively regulated by this pathway. Changes in YAP1 expression levels affect the occurrence and development of a variety of tumors, but the specific mechanism associated with this phenomenon has not been thoroughly studied. Recently, several studies have described the role of YAP1 in osteoarthritis (OA). Indeed, YAP1 is involved in orthopedic degenerative diseases such as osteoporosis (OP) in addition to OA. In this review, we will summarize the significance of YAP1 in orthopedic degenerative diseases and discuss the potential of the targeted modulation of YAP1 for the treatment of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenfeng Xiao
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kun Tang
- Discipline Construction Office, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liyang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yusheng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Childs PG, Reid S, Salmeron-Sanchez M, Dalby MJ. Hurdles to uptake of mesenchymal stem cells and their progenitors in therapeutic products. Biochem J 2020; 477:3349-3366. [PMID: 32941644 PMCID: PMC7505558 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20190382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Twenty-five years have passed since the first clinical trial utilising mesenchymal stomal/stem cells (MSCs) in 1995. In this time academic research has grown our understanding of MSC biochemistry and our ability to manipulate these cells in vitro using chemical, biomaterial, and mechanical methods. Research has been emboldened by the promise that MSCs can treat illness and repair damaged tissues through their capacity for immunomodulation and differentiation. Since 1995, 31 therapeutic products containing MSCs and/or progenitors have reached the market with the level of in vitro manipulation varying significantly. In this review, we summarise existing therapeutic products containing MSCs or mesenchymal progenitor cells and examine the challenges faced when developing new therapeutic products. Successful progression to clinical trial, and ultimately market, requires a thorough understanding of these hurdles at the earliest stages of in vitro pre-clinical development. It is beneficial to understand the health economic benefit for a new product and the reimbursement potential within various healthcare systems. Pre-clinical studies should be selected to demonstrate efficacy and safety for the specific clinical indication in humans, to avoid duplication of effort and minimise animal usage. Early consideration should also be given to manufacturing: how cell manipulation methods will integrate into highly controlled workflows and how they will be scaled up to produce clinically relevant quantities of cells. Finally, we summarise the main regulatory pathways for these clinical products, which can help shape early therapeutic design and testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter G. Childs
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, Division of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, SUPA Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1QE, U.K
| | - Stuart Reid
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, SUPA Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1QE, U.K
| | - Manuel Salmeron-Sanchez
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, Division of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K
| | - Matthew J. Dalby
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, Institute for Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K
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Zohora FT, Aldebs AI, Nosoudi N, Singh SP, Ramirez-Vick JE. Gene Expression Profiling of Human Adipose Tissue Stem Cells during 2D versus 3D Adipogenesis. Cells Tissues Organs 2020; 208:113-133. [PMID: 32464628 DOI: 10.1159/000507187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Much of the current understanding on molecular and cellular events of adipose developmental biology comes from monolayer cell culture models using preadipocyte cell lines, although in vivo adipose tissue consists of a much more complex three-dimensional microenvironment of diverse cell types, extracellular network, and tissue-specific morphological and functional features. Added to this fact, the preadipocytes, on which the adipogenesis mechanisms are mostly explored, possess some serious limitations (e.g., time of initial subculture and adipogenic differentiation time), which, perhaps, can efficiently be replaced with progenitor cells such as adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs). With the objective of developing a better in vitro model for adipose developmental biology, this project involves gene expression profiling of human ASCs (hASCs) during their differentiation to adipocytes in a 2D versus 3D culture model. This transcriptional-level analysis revealed that gene expression patterns of adipogenesis-induced hASCs in a 3D self-assembled polypeptide hydrogel are relatively different from the 2D monolayered cells on plastic hard substrate. Moreover, analysis of adipogenic lineage progression 9 days after adipogenic induction shows earlier differentiation of hASCs in 2D over their 3D counterparts. However, differentiation in 2D shows some unexpected behavior in terms of gene expression, which does not seem to be related to adipogenic lineage specification. Since hASCs are already being used in clinical trials due to their therapeutic potential, it is important to have a clear understanding of the molecular mechanisms in an in vivo model microenvironment like the one presented here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatema Tuj Zohora
- Department of Biomedical, Industrial, and Human Factors Engineering, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio, USA
| | - Alyaa Isam Aldebs
- Department of Biomedical, Industrial, and Human Factors Engineering, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio, USA
| | - Nasim Nosoudi
- Biomedical Engineering Program,Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia, USA
| | - Surinder Pal Singh
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K.S. Krishanan Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Jaime Eduardo Ramirez-Vick
- Department of Biomedical, Industrial, and Human Factors Engineering, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio, USA,
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Zhang T, Gao Y, Cui W, Li Y, Xiao D, Zhou R. Nanomaterials-based Cell Osteogenic Differentiation and Bone Regeneration. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 16:36-47. [PMID: 32436831 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x15666200521083834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid development of nanotechnology, various nanomaterials have been applied to bone repair and regeneration. Due to the unique chemical, physical and mechanical properties, nanomaterials could promote stem cells osteogenic differentiation, which has great potentials in bone tissue engineering and exploiting nanomaterials-based bone regeneration strategies. In this review, we summarized current nanomaterials with osteo-induction ability, which could be potentially applied to bone tissue engineering. Meanwhile, the unique properties of these nanomaterials and their effects on stem cell osteogenic differentiation are also discussed. Furthermore, possible signaling pathways involved in the nanomaterials- induced cell osteogenic differentiation are also highlighted in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Weitong Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yanjing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Dexuan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ronghui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Sangeetha KN, Vennila R, Secunda R, Sakthivel S, Pathak S, Jeswanth S, Surendran R. Functional variations between Mesenchymal Stem Cells of different tissue origins: A comparative gene expression profiling. Biotechnol Lett 2020; 42:1287-1304. [PMID: 32372268 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-020-02898-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs), regardless of the tissue sources, are considered as excellent candidates for cellular therapy as they are immune-privileged cells containing a multitude of therapeutic functions that aid in tissue regeneration and repair. For the effective application of these cells in cell therapy, it is important to understand and characterize their biological functions. OBJECTIVES The present study attempts to characterize the variations in multipotent function such as cell surface antigen levels, proliferation, differentiation and stemness (pluripotency) potential of MSCs isolated from foetal [wharton's jelly (WJ), foetal and maternal side of placenta (PF and PM)] and adult tissue sources [bone marrow (BM) and adipose tissue (AT)] using gene expression by real time PCR (qRT-PCR). RESULTS Amongst the different tissue sources, PM, PF and AT-MSCs exhibited significant increase (p < 0.001, p < 0.001 and p < 0.01 respectively) in CD 73 expression and therefore could have a role in immunomodulation. WJ-MSCs exhibited superior proliferation potential based on growth curve, PCNA and Wnt gene expression. BM-MSCs were superior in exhibiting trilineage differentiation. Enhanced stemness potential (Oct 4 and Nanog) was observed for both BM and WJ-MSCs. In addition, BM and WJ-MSCs expressed high levels of CD 90 making them suitable in bone repair and regeneration. CONCLUSION Thus to conclude, out of the five different sources tested, BM an adult source and WJ-MSCs a foetal source were superior in exhibiting most of the biological functions indicating that these sources may be suitable candidates for cell repair and regeneration studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- K N Sangeetha
- Stem Cell Research Centre, Government Stanley Hospital, Chennai, Tamilnadu, 600001, India
| | | | - R Secunda
- Stem Cell Research Centre, Government Stanley Hospital, Chennai, Tamilnadu, 600001, India.
| | - S Sakthivel
- Stem Cell Research Centre, Government Stanley Hospital, Chennai, Tamilnadu, 600001, India
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - S Jeswanth
- Stem Cell Research Centre, Government Stanley Hospital, Chennai, Tamilnadu, 600001, India
| | - R Surendran
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Centre for Surgery & Transplantation, MIOT International, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
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Butein Promotes Lineage Commitment of Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells into Osteoblasts via Modulating ERK1/2 Signaling Pathways. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25081885. [PMID: 32325749 PMCID: PMC7221720 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25081885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Butein is a phytochemical that belongs to the chalcone family of flavonoids and has antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and anti-osteoclastic bone resorption activities. This study aims to investigate the effects of butein on the differentiation potential of mouse primary bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (mBMSCs) into osteoblast and adipocyte lineages. Primary cultures of mBMSCs are treated with different doses of butein during its differentiation. Osteoblast differentiation is assessed by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity quantification and Alizarin red staining for matrix mineralization, while adipogenesis is assessed by quantification of lipid accumulation using Oil Red O staining. Osteoblastic and adipocytic gene expression markers are determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). Western blot analysis is used to study the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2). Interestingly, butein promotes the lineage commitment of mBMSCs into osteoblasts, while suppressing their differentiation into adipocytes in a dose-dependent manner. A similar effect of butein is confirmed in human (h) primary BMSCs. Occurring at the molecular level, butein significantly upregulates the mRNA expression of osteoblast-related genes, while downregulating the expression of adipocyte-related genes. The mechanism of butein-induced osteogenesis is found to be mediated by activating the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. To conclude, we identify butein as a novel nutraceutical compound with an osteo-anabolic activity to promote the lineage commitment of BMSCs into osteoblast versus adipocyte. Thus, butein can be a plausible therapeutic drug for enhancing bone formation in osteoporotic patients.
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Zhang K, Yang X, Zhao Q, Li Z, Fu F, Zhang H, Zheng M, Zhang S. Molecular Mechanism of Stem Cell Differentiation into Adipocytes and Adipocyte Differentiation of Malignant Tumor. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:8892300. [PMID: 32849880 PMCID: PMC7441422 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8892300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipogenesis is the process through which preadipocytes differentiate into adipocytes. During this process, the preadipocytes cease to proliferate, begin to accumulate lipid droplets, and develop morphologic and biochemical characteristics of mature adipocytes. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a type of adult stem cells known for their high plasticity and capacity to generate mesodermal and nonmesodermal tissues. Many mature cell types can be generated from MSCs, including adipocyte, osteocyte, and chondrocyte. The differentiation of stem cells into multiple mature phenotypes is at the basis for tissue regeneration and repair. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a very important role in tumor development and have the potential to differentiate into multiple cell lineages. Accumulating evidence has shown that cancer cells can be induced to differentiate into various benign cells, such as adipocytes, fibrocytes, osteoblast, by a variety of small molecular compounds, which may provide new strategies for cancer treatment. Recent studies have reported that tumor cells undergoing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition can be induced to differentiate into adipocytes. In this review, molecular mechanisms, signal pathways, and the roles of various biological processes in adipose differentiation are summarized. Understanding the molecular mechanism of adipogenesis and adipose differentiation of cancer cells may contribute to cancer treatments that involve inducing differentiation into benign cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Zhang
- 1Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
- 2Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xudong Yang
- 3Tianjin Rehabilitation Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- 1Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Zugui Li
- 1Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
- 4Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Fangmei Fu
- 1Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
- 4Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- 1Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
- 4Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Minying Zheng
- 1Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Shiwu Zhang
- 1Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
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Lorthongpanich C, Thumanu K, Tangkiettrakul K, Jiamvoraphong N, Laowtammathron C, Damkham N, U-Pratya Y, Issaragrisil S. YAP as a key regulator of adipo-osteogenic differentiation in human MSCs. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:402. [PMID: 31852542 PMCID: PMC6921580 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1494-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells that are able to differentiate into several cell types, including cartilage, fat, and bone. As a common progenitor, MSC differentiation has to be tightly regulated to maintain the balance of their differentiation commitment. It has been reported that the decision process of MSCs into fat and bone cells is competing and reciprocal. Several factors have been suggested as critical factors that affect adipo-osteogenic decision, including melatonin and smad4. Yes-associated protein (YAP) is an important effector protein in the Hippo signaling pathway that acts as a transcriptional regulator by activating the transcription of the genes involved in cell proliferation and anti-apoptosis. The non-canonical role of YAP in regulating bone homeostasis by promoting osteogenesis and suppressing adipogenesis was recently demonstrated in a mouse model. However, it is unclear whether YAP is also crucial for modulating human MSC differentiation to fat and bone. METHODS The expression level of YAP during MSC differentiation was modulated using pharmaceutical molecule and genetic experiments through gain- and loss-of-function approaches. RESULTS We demonstrated for the first time that YAP has a non-canonical role in regulating the balance of adipo-osteogenic differentiation of human MSCs. The result from synchrotron radiation-based Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy showed unique metabolic fingerprints generated from YAP-targeted differentiated cells that were clearly distinguished from non-manipulated control. CONCLUSIONS These results, thus, identify YAP as an important effector protein that regulates human MSC differentiation to fat and bone and suggests the use of FTIR microspectroscopy as a promising technique in stem cell research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanchao Lorthongpanich
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.
| | - Kanjana Thumanu
- Synchrotron Light Research Institute (Public Organization), Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Kantpitchar Tangkiettrakul
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Nittaya Jiamvoraphong
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Chuti Laowtammathron
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Nattaya Damkham
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yaowalak U-Pratya
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Surapol Issaragrisil
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Bangkok Hematology Center, Wattanosoth Hospital, BDMS Center of Excellence for Cancer, Bangkok, Thailand
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Jang H, Lim S, Kim J, Yoon S, Lee CY, Hwang H, Shin JW, Shin KJ, Kim HY, Park KI, Nam D, Lee JY, Yea K, Hirabayashi Y, Lee YJ, Chae YC, Suh P, Choi JH. Glucosylceramide synthase regulates adipo‐osteogenic differentiation through synergistic activation of PPARγ with GlcCer. FASEB J 2019; 34:1270-1287. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901437r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun‐Jun Jang
- School of Life Sciences Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology Ulsan Republic of Korea
| | - Seyoung Lim
- School of Life Sciences Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology Ulsan Republic of Korea
| | - Jung‐Min Kim
- School of Life Sciences Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology Ulsan Republic of Korea
| | - Sora Yoon
- School of Life Sciences Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology Ulsan Republic of Korea
| | - Chae Young Lee
- School of Life Sciences Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology Ulsan Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon‐Jeong Hwang
- School of Life Sciences Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology Ulsan Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Woo Shin
- School of Life Sciences Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology Ulsan Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Jin Shin
- School of Life Sciences Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology Ulsan Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Yun Kim
- School of Life Sciences Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology Ulsan Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Il Park
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Dougu Nam
- School of Life Sciences Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology Ulsan Republic of Korea
| | - Ja Yil Lee
- School of Life Sciences Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology Ulsan Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungmoo Yea
- Department of New Biology DGIST Daegu Republic of Korea
| | | | - Yu Jin Lee
- School of Life Sciences Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology Ulsan Republic of Korea
| | - Young Chan Chae
- School of Life Sciences Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology Ulsan Republic of Korea
| | - Pann‐Ghill Suh
- School of Life Sciences Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology Ulsan Republic of Korea
| | - Jang Hyun Choi
- School of Life Sciences Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology Ulsan Republic of Korea
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BK ablation attenuates osteoblast bone formation via integrin pathway. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:738. [PMID: 31570694 PMCID: PMC6769012 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1972-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Impaired bone formation is one of the major causes of low bone mass and skeletal fragility that occurs in osteoporosis. However, the mechanisms underlying the defects in bone formation are not well understood. Here, we report that big conductance calcium-activated potassium channels (BKs) are required for bone formation and osteoblast function both in vivo and in vitro. By 15 weeks of age, BK knockout (BKO) mice exhibited a decline in bone mineral density and trabecular bone volume of the tibiae and lumbar vertebrae, which were associated with impaired bone formation and osteoblast activity. Mechanistically, BK ablation in bone and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) of BKO mice inhibited integrin signaling. Furthermore, the binding of α subunit of BK with integrin β1 protein in osteoblasts was confirmed, and FAK-ERK1/2 signaling was proved to be involved by genetic modification of KCNMA1 (which encodes the α subunit of BK) in ROS17/2.8 osteoblast cells. These findings indicated that BK regulates bone formation by promoting osteoblast differentiation via integrin pathway, which provided novel insight into ion transporter crosstalk with the extracellular matrix in osteoblast regulation and revealed a new potential strategy for intervention in correcting bone formation defects.
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Quan Q, Qian Y, Li X, Li M. Pioglitazone Reduces β Amyloid Levels via Inhibition of PPARγ Phosphorylation in a Neuronal Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2019; 11:178. [PMID: 31379559 PMCID: PMC6650543 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) can regulate the transcription of its target gene, insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE), and thus enhance the expression of the IDE protein. The protein can degrade β amyloid (Aβ), a core pathological product of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). PPARγ can also regulate the transcription of other target gene, β-amyloid cleavage enzyme 1 (BACE1), and thus inhibit the expression of the BACE1 protein. BACE1 can hydrolyze amyloid precursor protein (APP), the precursor of Aβ. In adipose tissue, PPARγ agonists can inhibit the phosphorylation of PPARγ by inhibiting cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5), which in turn affects the expression of target genes regulated by PPARγ. PPARγ agonists may also exert inhibitory effects on the phosphorylation of PPARγ in the brain, thereby affecting the expression of the aforementioned PPARγ target genes and reducing Aβ levels. The present study confirmed this hypothesis by showing that PPARγ agonist pioglitazone attenuated the neuronal apoptosis of primary rat hippocampal neurons induced by Aβ1–42, downregulated CDK5 expression, weakened the binding of CDK5 to PPARγ, reduced PPARγ phosphorylation, increased the expression of PPARγ and IDE, decreased the expression of BACE1, reduced APP production, and downregulated intraneuronal Aβ1–42 levels. These effects were inhibited by the PPARγ antagonist GW9662. After CDK5 silencing with CDK5 shRNA, the above effect of pioglitazone was not observed, except when upregulating the expression of PPARγ in Aβ1–42 treated neurons. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that pioglitazone could inhibit the phosphorylation of PPARγ in vitro by inhibiting CDK5 expression, which in turn affected the expression of PPARγ target genes Ide and Bace1, thereby promoting Aβ degradation and reducing Aβ production. This reduced Aβ levels in the brain, thereby exerting neuroprotective effects in an AD model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiankun Quan
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Yihua Qian
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Xi Li
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Takeno A, Kanazawa I, Tanaka KI, Notsu M, Sugimoto T. Phloretin Suppresses Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2-Induced Osteoblastogenesis and Mineralization via Inhibition of Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases/Akt Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102481. [PMID: 31137461 PMCID: PMC6566987 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Phloretin has pleiotropic effects, including glucose transporter (GLUT) inhibition. We previously showed that phloretin promoted adipogenesis of bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) line ST2 independently of GLUT1 inhibition. This study investigated the effect of phloretin on osteoblastogenesis of ST2 cells and osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. Treatment with 10 to 100 µM phloretin suppressed mineralization and expression of osteoblast differentiation markers, such as alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OCN), type 1 collagen, runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), and osterix (Osx), while increased adipogenic markers, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα), fatty acid-binding protein 4, and adiponectin. Phloretin also inhibited mineralization and decreased osteoblast differentiation markers of MC3T3-E1 cells. Phloretin suppressed phosphorylation of Akt in ST2 cells. In addition, treatment with a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt inhibitor, LY294002, suppressed the mineralization and the expression of osteoblast differentiation markers other than ALP. GLUT1 silencing by siRNA did not affect mineralization, although it decreased the expression of OCN and increased the expression of ALP, Runx2, and Osx. The effects of GLUT1 silencing on osteoblast differentiation markers and mineralization were inconsistent with those of phloretin. Taken together, these findings suggest that phloretin suppressed osteoblastogenesis of ST2 and MC3T3-E1 cells by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt pathway, suggesting that the effects of phloretin may not be associated with glucose uptake inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayumu Takeno
- Internal Medicine 1, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1, Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan.
| | - Ippei Kanazawa
- Internal Medicine 1, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1, Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan.
| | - Ken-Ichiro Tanaka
- Internal Medicine 1, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1, Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan.
| | - Masakazu Notsu
- Internal Medicine 1, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1, Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan.
| | - Toshitsugu Sugimoto
- Internal Medicine 1, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1, Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan.
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50
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Virant-Klun I, Omejec S, Stimpfel M, Skerl P, Novakovic S, Jancar N, Vrtacnik-Bokal E. Female Age Affects the Mesenchymal Stem Cell Characteristics of Aspirated Follicular Cells in the In Vitro Fertilization Programme. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2019; 15:543-557. [PMID: 31055736 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-019-09889-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Aspirated follicular cells (AFCs) from the in vitro fertilization program can express various stem cell markers and are even able to differentiate into different types of cells in vitro. The female reproductive potential decreases with increasing age due to lowered ovarian reserve and oocyte quality, but data on the effect of female age on stem cell characteristics of AFCs are scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to elucidate whether female age affects the mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) characteristics of AFCs. Follicular aspirates were collected from 12 patients included in the in vitro fertilization programme with a normal ovarian reserve. Patients were divided into four age groups: Group A ≤ 30 years, Group B 31-35 years, Group C 36-39 years and Group D ≥ 40 years. After removal of the oocytes, AFCs were collected from follicular aspirates using hypo-osmotic technique and cultured in vitro, and their stemness was compared according to female age. The cultured AFCs were analysed for gene expression using the Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell RT2 Profiler™ PCR Array, for their potential for differentiation into adipogenic and osteogenic lineage, and for their expression of MSC-related markers using immunocytochemistry. We found that female age can significantly influence their stemness: expression of pluripotency and MSC-related genes, and their differentiation potential. Despite the relatively high expression of MSC-related genes, the AFCs of the oldest patients had the lowest potential to differentiate into osteogenic and adipogenic lineages in vitro, which may be related to their age and the changed ovarian function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irma Virant-Klun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloska cesta 2, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - S Omejec
- Blood Transfusion Centre of Slovenia, Slajmerjeva 6, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - M Stimpfel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloska cesta 2, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - P Skerl
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Zaloska 2, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - S Novakovic
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Zaloska 2, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - N Jancar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloska cesta 2, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - E Vrtacnik-Bokal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloska cesta 2, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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