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Pyka P, Garbo S, Murzyn A, Satała G, Janusz A, Górka M, Pietruś W, Mituła F, Popiel D, Wieczorek M, Palmisano B, Raucci A, Bojarski AJ, Zwergel C, Szymańska E, Kucwaj-Brysz K, Battistelli C, Handzlik J, Podlewska S. Unlocking the potential of higher-molecular-weight 5-HT 7R ligands: Synthesis, affinity, and ADMET examination. Bioorg Chem 2024; 151:107668. [PMID: 39079393 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/30/2024]
Abstract
An increasing number of drugs introduced to the market and numerous repositories of compounds with confirmed activity have posed the need to revalidate the state-of-the-art rules that determine the ranges of properties the compounds should possess to become future drugs. In this study, we designed a series of two chemotypes of aryl-piperazine hydantoin ligands of 5-HT7R, an attractive target in search for innovative CNS drugs, with higher molecular weight (close to or over 500). Consequently, 14 new compounds were synthesised and screened for their receptor activity accompanied by extensive docking studies to evaluate the observed structure-activity/properties relationships. The ADMET characterisation in terms of the biological membrane permeability, metabolic stability, hepatotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, and protein plasma binding of the obtained compounds was carried out in vitro. The outcome of these studies constituted the basis for the comprehensive challenge of computational tools for ADMET properties prediction. All the compounds possessed high affinity to the 5-HT7R (Ki below 250 nM for all analysed structures) with good selectivity over 5-HT6R and varying affinity towards 5-HT2AR, 5-HT1AR and D2R. For the best compounds of this study, the expression profile of genes associated with neurodegeneration, anti-oxidant response and anti-inflammatory function was determined, and the survival of the cells (SH-SY5Y as an in vitro model of Alzheimer's disease) was evaluated. One 5-HT7R agent (32) was characterised by a very promising ADMET profile, i.e. good membrane permeability, low hepatotoxicity and cardiotoxicity, and high metabolic stability with the simultaneous high rate of plasma protein binding and high selectivity over other GPCRs considered, together with satisfying gene expression profile modulations and neural cell survival. Such encouraging properties make it a good candidate for further testing and optimisation as a potential agent in the treatment of CNS-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patryk Pyka
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688 Kraków, Poland; Doctoral School of Medical and Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-530 Kraków, Poland
| | - Sabrina Garbo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome
| | - Aleksandra Murzyn
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, Smetna 12, 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Satała
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, Smetna 12, 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Artur Janusz
- Preclinical Development Department, Celon Pharma S.A., R&D Centre, Marymoncka 15, 05-152 Kazuń Nowy, Poland
| | - Michał Górka
- Preclinical Development Department, Celon Pharma S.A., R&D Centre, Marymoncka 15, 05-152 Kazuń Nowy, Poland
| | - Wojciech Pietruś
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Celon Pharma S.A., R&D Centre, Marymoncka 15, 05-152 Kazuń Nowy, Poland
| | - Filip Mituła
- Preclinical Development Department, Celon Pharma S.A., R&D Centre, Marymoncka 15, 05-152 Kazuń Nowy, Poland
| | - Delfina Popiel
- Preclinical Development Department, Celon Pharma S.A., R&D Centre, Marymoncka 15, 05-152 Kazuń Nowy, Poland
| | - Maciej Wieczorek
- Preclinical Development Department, Celon Pharma S.A., R&D Centre, Marymoncka 15, 05-152 Kazuń Nowy, Poland; Clinical Development Department, Celon Pharma S.A., R&D Centre, Marymoncka 15, 05-152 Kazuń Nowy, Poland
| | - Biagio Palmisano
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome
| | - Alessia Raucci
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrzej J Bojarski
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, Smetna 12, 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Clemens Zwergel
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus B 2.1, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Ewa Szymańska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kucwaj-Brysz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Cecilia Battistelli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome.
| | - Jadwiga Handzlik
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Sabina Podlewska
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, Smetna 12, 31-343 Kraków, Poland.
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Baron V, Sommer ST, Fiegle DJ, Pfeuffer AKM, Peyronnet R, Volk T, Seidel T. Effects of electro-mechanical uncouplers, hormonal stimulation and pacing rate on the stability and function of cultured rabbit myocardial slices. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1363538. [PMID: 38646013 PMCID: PMC11026719 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1363538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Recent advances have enabled organotypic culture of beating human myocardial slices that are stable for weeks. However, human myocardial samples are rare, exhibit high variability and frequently originate from diseased hearts. Thus, there is a need to adapt long-term slice culture for animal myocardium. When applied to animal cardiac slices, studies in healthy or genetically modified myocardium will be possible. We present the culture of slices from rabbit hearts, which resemble the human heart in microstructure, electrophysiology and excitation-contraction coupling. Methods: Left ventricular myocardium from New Zealand White rabbits was cut using a vibratome and cultured in biomimetic chambers for up to 7 days (d). Electro-mechanical uncoupling agents 2,3-butanedione monoxime (BDM) and cytochalasin D (CytoD) were added during initiation of culture and effects on myocyte survival were quantified. We investigated pacing rates (0.5 Hz, 1 Hz, and 2 Hz) and hormonal supplements (cortisol, T3, catecholamines) at physiological plasma concentrations. T3 was buffered using BSA. Contractile force was recorded continuously. Glucose consumption and lactate production were measured. Whole-slice Ca2+ transients and action potentials were recorded. Effects of culture on microstructure were investigated with confocal microscopy and image analysis. Results: Protocols for human myocardial culture resulted in sustained contracture and myocyte death in rabbit slices within 24 h, which could be prevented by transient application of a combination of BDM and CytoD. Cortisol stabilized contraction amplitude and kinetics in culture. T3 and catecholaminergic stimulation did not further improve stability. T3 and higher pacing rates increased metabolic rate and lactate production. T3 stabilized the response to β-adrenergic stimulation over 7 d. Pacing rates above 1 Hz resulted in progredient decline in contraction force. Image analysis revealed no changes in volume fractions of cardiomyocytes or measures of fibrosis over 7 d. Ca2+ transient amplitudes and responsiveness to isoprenaline were comparable after 1 d and 7 d, while Ca2+ transient duration was prolonged after 7 d in culture. Conclusions: A workflow for rabbit myocardial culture has been established, preserving function for up to 7 d. This research underscores the importance of glucocorticoid signaling in maintaining tissue function and extending culture duration. Furthermore, BDM and CytoD appear to protect from tissue damage during the initiation phase of tissue culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Baron
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - S. T. Sommer
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - D. J. Fiegle
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - A.-K. M. Pfeuffer
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - R. Peyronnet
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center Freiburg, Bad Krozingen, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - T. Volk
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - T. Seidel
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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Label-free biosensing of lignans for therapeutics using engineered model surfaces. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 233:123528. [PMID: 36736979 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The label-free interaction analysis of macromolecules and small molecules has increasing importance nowadays, both in diagnostics and therapeutics. In the blood vascular system, human serum albumin (HSA) is a vital globular transport protein with potential multiple ligand binding sites. Characterizing the binding affinity of compounds to HSA is essential in pharmaceutics and in developing new compounds for clinical application. Aryltetralin lignans from the roots of Anthriscus sylvestris are potential antitumor therapeutic candidates, but their molecular scale interactions with specific biomolecules are unrevealed. Here, we applied the label-free grating-coupled interferometry (GCI) biosensing method with a polycarboxylate-based hydrogel layer with immobilized HSA on top of it. With this engineered model surface, we could determine the binding parameters of two novel aryltetralin lignans, deoxypodophyllotoxin (DPT), and angeloyl podophyllotoxin (APT) to HSA. Exploiting the multi-channel referencing ability, the unique surface sensitivity, and the throughput of GCI, we first revealed the specific biomolecular interactions. Traditional label-free kinetic measurements were also compared with a novel, fast way of measuring affinity kinetics using less sample material (repeated analyte pulses of increasing duration (RAPID)). Experiments with well-characterized molecular interactions (furosemide to carbonic-anhydrase (CAII) and warfarin, norfloxacin to HSA) were performed to prove the reliability of the RAPID method. In all investigated cases, the RAPID and traditional measurement gave similar affinity values. In the case of DPT, the measurements and relevant modeling suggested two binding sites on HSA, with dissociation constant values of Kd1 = 1.8 ± 0.01 μM, Kd2 = 3 ± 0.02 μM. In the case of APT, the experiments resulted in Kd1 = 9 ± 1.7 μM, Kd2 = 28 ± 0.3 μM. The obtained binding values might suggest the potential medical application of DPT and APT without further optimization of their binding affinity to HSA. These results could be also adapted to other biomolecules and applications where sample consumption and the rapidity of the measurements are critical.
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Nedić O, Penezić A, Minić S, Radomirović M, Nikolić M, Ćirković Veličković T, Gligorijević N. Food Antioxidants and Their Interaction with Human Proteins. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040815. [PMID: 37107190 PMCID: PMC10135064 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Common to all biological systems and living organisms are molecular interactions, which may lead to specific physiological events. Most often, a cascade of events occurs, establishing an equilibrium between possibly competing and/or synergistic processes. Biochemical pathways that sustain life depend on multiple intrinsic and extrinsic factors contributing to aging and/or diseases. This article deals with food antioxidants and human proteins from the circulation, their interaction, their effect on the structure, properties, and function of antioxidant-bound proteins, and the possible impact of complex formation on antioxidants. An overview of studies examining interactions between individual antioxidant compounds and major blood proteins is presented with findings. Investigating antioxidant/protein interactions at the level of the human organism and determining antioxidant distribution between proteins and involvement in the particular physiological role is a very complex and challenging task. However, by knowing the role of a particular protein in certain pathology or aging, and the effect exerted by a particular antioxidant bound to it, it is possible to recommend specific food intake or resistance to it to improve the condition or slow down the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olgica Nedić
- Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, Department for Metabolism, University of Belgrade, Banatska 31b, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
- Correspondence:
| | - Ana Penezić
- Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, Department for Metabolism, University of Belgrade, Banatska 31b, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Simeon Minić
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mirjana Radomirović
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milan Nikolić
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tanja Ćirković Veličković
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Knez Mihailova 35, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nikola Gligorijević
- Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, Department for Metabolism, University of Belgrade, Banatska 31b, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
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Schulz JA, Stresser DM, Kalvass JC. Plasma Protein-Mediated Uptake and Contradictions to the Free Drug Hypothesis: A Critical Review. Drug Metab Rev 2023:1-34. [PMID: 36971325 DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2023.2195133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
According to the free drug hypothesis (FDH), only free, unbound drug is available to interact with biological targets. This hypothesis is the fundamental principle that continues to explain the vast majority of all pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes. Under the FDH, the free drug concentration at the target site is considered the driver of pharmacodynamic activity and pharmacokinetic processes. However, deviations from the FDH are observed in hepatic uptake and clearance predictions, where observed unbound intrinsic hepatic clearance (CLint,u) is larger than expected. Such deviations are commonly observed when plasma proteins are present and form the basis of the so-called plasma protein-mediated uptake effect (PMUE). This review will discuss the basis of plasma protein binding as it pertains to hepatic clearance based on the FDH, as well as several hypotheses that may explain the underlying mechanisms of PMUE. Notably, some, but not all, potential mechanisms remained aligned with the FDH. Finally, we will outline possible experimental strategies to elucidate PMUE mechanisms. Understanding the mechanisms of PMUE and its potential contribution to clearance underprediction is vital to improving the drug development process.
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Polymyxin B Reduces Brain Injury in Ischemic Stroke Rat Through a Mechanism Involving Targeting ESCRT-III Machinery and RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL Pathway. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2022; 15:1129-1142. [PMID: 35239171 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-022-10224-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Endosomal sorting complex required for transport III (ESCRT-III) machinery is a key component to counteract the mixed lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase (MLKL)-induced plasma membrane broken in cells undergoing necroptosis. Based on the bioinformatics analysis, polymyxin B, a polypeptide antibiotic, is predicted to simultaneously interact with ESCRT-III subunits and necroptosis-relevant proteins. This study aims to explore whether polymyxin B could reduce necroptosis in the stroke rat brain via enhancing the ESCRT-III machinery and/or suppressing the RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL pathway. The stroke rats showed evident brain injury, concomitant with the downregulation of ESCRT-III subunits and the upregulation of necroptosis-relevant proteins. Post-ischemic administration of polymyxin B could alleviate the brain injury, accompanied by restoration of the levels of ESCRT-III subunits and suppression of necroptosis-relevant proteins. And, polymyxin B exerted similar effects in hypoxia-treated HT22 cells. We conclude that polymyxin B can reduce necroptosis in the stroke rat brain via enhancing the ESCRT-III machinery and suppressing the RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL pathway simultaneously.
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Rullo M, Cipolloni M, Catto M, Colliva C, Miniero DV, Latronico T, de Candia M, Benicchi T, Linusson A, Giacchè N, Altomare CD, Pisani L. Probing Fluorinated Motifs onto Dual AChE-MAO B Inhibitors: Rational Design, Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Early-ADME Studies. J Med Chem 2022; 65:3962-3977. [PMID: 35195417 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Bioisosteric H/F or CH2OH/CF2H replacement was introduced in coumarin derivatives previously characterized as dual AChE-MAO B inhibitors to probe the effects on both inhibitory potency and drug-likeness. Along with in vitro screening, we investigated early-ADME parameters related to solubility and lipophilicity (Sol7.4, CHI7.4, log D7.4), oral bioavailability and central nervous system (CNS) penetration (PAMPA-HDM and PAMPA-blood-brain barrier (BBB) assays, Caco-2 bidirectional transport study), and metabolic liability (half-lives and clearance in microsomes, inhibition of CYP3A4). Both specific and nonspecific tissue toxicities were determined in SH-SY5Y and HepG2 lines, respectively. Compound 15 bearing a -CF2H motif emerged as a water-soluble, orally bioavailable CNS-permeant potent inhibitor of both human AChE (IC50 = 550 nM) and MAO B (IC50 = 8.2 nM, B/A selectivity > 1200). Moreover, 15 behaved as a safe and metabolically stable neuroprotective agent, devoid of cytochrome liability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariagrazia Rullo
- Department of Pharmacy─Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | | | - Marco Catto
- Department of Pharmacy─Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | | | - Daniela Valeria Miniero
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", via Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Tiziana Latronico
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", via Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Modesto de Candia
- Department of Pharmacy─Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | | | - Anna Linusson
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Nicola Giacchè
- TES Pharma s.r.l., Corso Vannucci 47, 06121 Perugia, Italy
| | - Cosimo Damiano Altomare
- Department of Pharmacy─Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Leonardo Pisani
- Department of Pharmacy─Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
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Pribut N, D'Erasmo M, Dasari M, Giesler KE, Iskandar S, Sharma SK, Bartsch PW, Raghuram A, Bushnev A, Hwang SS, Burton SL, Derdeyn CA, Basson AE, Liotta DC, Miller EJ. ω-Functionalized Lipid Prodrugs of HIV NtRTI Tenofovir with Enhanced Pharmacokinetic Properties. J Med Chem 2021; 64:12917-12937. [PMID: 34459598 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Tenofovir (TFV) is the cornerstone nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NtRTI) in many combination antiretroviral therapies prescribed to patients living with HIV/AIDS. Due to poor cell permeability and oral bioavailability, TFV is administered as one of two FDA-approved prodrugs, both of which metabolize prematurely in the liver and/or plasma. This premature prodrug processing depletes significant fractions of each oral dose and causes toxicity in kidney, bone, and liver with chronic administration. Although TFV exalidex (TXL), a phospholipid-derived prodrug of TFV, was designed to address this issue, clinical pharmacokinetic studies indicated substantial hepatic extraction, redirecting clinical development of TXL toward HBV. To circumvent this metabolic liability, we synthesized and evaluated ω-functionalized TXL analogues with dramatically improved hepatic stability. This effort led to the identification of compounds 21 and 23, which exhibited substantially longer t1/2 values than TXL in human liver microsomes, potent anti-HIV activity in vitro, and enhanced pharmacokinetic properties in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Pribut
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Michael D'Erasmo
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Madhuri Dasari
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Kyle E Giesler
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Sabrina Iskandar
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Savita K Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Perry W Bartsch
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Akshay Raghuram
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Anatoliy Bushnev
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Soyon S Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Samantha L Burton
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, United States
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Cynthia A Derdeyn
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, United States
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Adriaan E Basson
- HIV Pathogenesis Research Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine and Haematology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng 2193, South Africa
| | - Dennis C Liotta
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Eric J Miller
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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Saftics A, Kurunczi S, Peter B, Szekacs I, Ramsden JJ, Horvath R. Data evaluation for surface-sensitive label-free methods to obtain real-time kinetic and structural information of thin films: A practical review with related software packages. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 294:102431. [PMID: 34330074 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2021.102431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Interfacial layers are important in a wide range of applications in biomedicine, biosensing, analytical chemistry and the maritime industries. Given the growing number of applications, analysis of such layers and understanding their behavior is becoming crucial. Label-free surface sensitive methods are excellent for monitoring the formation kinetics, structure and its evolution of thin layers, even at the nanoscale. In this paper, we review existing and commercially available label-free techniques and demonstrate how the experimentally obtained data can be utilized to extract kinetic and structural information during and after formation, and any subsequent adsorption/desorption processes. We outline techniques, some traditional and some novel, based on the principles of optical and mechanical transduction. Our special focus is the current possibilities of combining label-free methods, which is a powerful approach to extend the range of detected and deduced parameters. We summarize the most important theoretical considerations for obtaining reliable information from measurements taking place in liquid environments and, hence, with layers in a hydrated state. A thorough treamtmaent of the various kinetic and structural quantities obtained from evaluation of the raw label-free data are provided. Such quantities include layer thickness, refractive index, optical anisotropy (and molecular orientation derived therefrom), degree of hydration, viscoelasticity, as well as association and dissociation rate constants and occupied area of subsequently adsorbed species. To demonstrate the effect of variations in model conditions on the observed data, simulations of kinetic curves at various model settings are also included. Based on our own extensive experience with optical waveguide lightmode spectroscopy (OWLS) and the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM), we have developed dedicated software packages for data analysis, which are made available to the scientific community alongside this paper.
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Ligand binding constants for human serum albumin evaluated by ratiometric analysis of DSC thermograms. Anal Biochem 2021; 628:114293. [PMID: 34181905 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2021.114293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes an expanded application of our recently reported method (Eskew et al., Analytical Biochemistry 621,1 2021) utilizing thermogram signals for thermal denaturation measured by differential scanning calorimetry. Characteristic signals were used to quantitatively evaluate ligand binding constants for human serum albumin. In our approach the ensemble of temperature dependent calorimetric responses for various protein-ligand mixtures and native HSA were compared, in a ratiometric manner, to extract binding constants and stoichiometries. Protein/ligand mixtures were prepared at various ligand concentrations and subjected to thermal denaturation analysis by calorimetry. Measurements provided the melting temperature, Tm, and free-energy ΔGcal(37°C) for melting ligand-bound Albumin as a function of ligand concentration. Concentration dependent behaviors of these parameters derived from protein/ligand mixtures were used to construct dose-response curves. Fitting of dose-response curves yielded quantitative evaluation of the ligand binding constant and semi-quantitative estimates of the binding stoichiometry. Many of the ligands had known binding affinity for Albumin with binding constants reported in the literature. Evaluated binding parameters for the ligands impressively agreed with reported literature values determined using other standard experimental methods. Results are reported for 29 drug ligands binding to Albumin. These validate our calorimetry-based process for applications in pre-clinical drug screening.
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Naik A, Misra SK. Modern Sensing Approaches for Predicting Toxicological Responses of Food- and Drug-Based Bioactives on Microbiomes of Gut Origin. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:6396-6413. [PMID: 34081444 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c02736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Recent scientific findings have correlated the gut microbes with homeostasis of human health by delineating their role in pathogen resistance, bioactive metabolization, and immune responses. Foreign materials, like xenobiotics, that induce an altering effect to the human body also influence the gut microbiome to some extent and often limit their use as a result of significant side effects. Investigating the xenobiotic effect of new therapeutic material or edible could be quite painstaking and economically non-viable. Thus, the use of predictive toxicology methods can be an innovative strategy in the food, pharma, and agriculture industries. There are reported in silico, ex vivo, in vitro, and in vivo methods to evaluate such effects but with added drawbacks, such as lower predictability, physiological dissimilarities, and high cost of associated invasive procedures. This review highlights the current and future possibilities with newer modern sensing approaches of economic and time-scale advantages for predicting toxicological responses on gut microbiomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishwarya Naik
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kalyanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Santosh K Misra
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kalyanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
- The Mehta Family Centre for Engineering in Medicine, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kalyanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
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12
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Low density lipoprotein (LDL) apheresis from blood plasma via anti-biofouling tuned membrane incorporated with graphene oxide-modified carrageenan. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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13
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Lee S, Song H, Ahn H, Kim S, Choi JR, Kim K. Fiber-Optic Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors Based on Nanomaterials. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21030819. [PMID: 33530416 PMCID: PMC7865415 DOI: 10.3390/s21030819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Applying fiber-optics on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors is aimed at practical usability over conventional SPR sensors. Recently, field localization techniques using nanostructures or nanoparticles have been investigated on optical fibers for further sensitivity enhancement and significant target selectivity. In this review article, we explored varied recent research approaches of fiber-optics based localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensors. The article contains interesting experimental results using fiber-optic LSPR sensors for three different application categories: (1) chemical reactions measurements, (2) physical properties measurements, and (3) biological events monitoring. In addition, novel techniques which can create synergy combined with fiber-optic LSPR sensors were introduced. The review article suggests fiber-optic LSPR sensors have lots of potential for measurements of varied targets with high sensitivity. Moreover, the previous results show that the sensitivity enhancements which can be applied with creative varied plasmonic nanomaterials make it possible to detect minute changes including quick chemical reactions and tiny molecular activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghun Lee
- Departments of Congo-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (S.L.); (H.S.); (H.A.); (S.K.)
| | - Hyerin Song
- Departments of Congo-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (S.L.); (H.S.); (H.A.); (S.K.)
| | - Heesang Ahn
- Departments of Congo-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (S.L.); (H.S.); (H.A.); (S.K.)
| | - Seungchul Kim
- Departments of Congo-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (S.L.); (H.S.); (H.A.); (S.K.)
- Department of Optics and Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Jong-ryul Choi
- Medical Device Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), Daegu 41061, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.-r.C.); (K.K.)
| | - Kyujung Kim
- Departments of Congo-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (S.L.); (H.S.); (H.A.); (S.K.)
- Department of Optics and Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.-r.C.); (K.K.)
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14
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Jankovics H, Kovacs B, Saftics A, Gerecsei T, Tóth É, Szekacs I, Vonderviszt F, Horvath R. Grating-coupled interferometry reveals binding kinetics and affinities of Ni ions to genetically engineered protein layers. Sci Rep 2020; 10:22253. [PMID: 33335217 PMCID: PMC7746762 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79226-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Reliable measurement of the binding kinetics of low molecular weight analytes to their targets is still a challenging task. Often, the introduction of labels is simply impossible in such measurements, and the application of label-free methods is the only reliable choice. By measuring the binding kinetics of Ni(II) ions to genetically modified flagellin layers, we demonstrate that: (1) Grating-Coupled Interferometry (GCI) is well suited to resolve the binding of ions, even at very low protein immobilization levels; (2) it supplies high quality kinetic data from which the number and strength of available binding sites can be determined, and (3) the rate constants of the binding events can also be obtained with high accuracy. Experiments were performed using a flagellin variant incorporating the C-terminal domain of the nickel-responsive transcription factor NikR. GCI results were compared to affinity data from titration calorimetry. We found that besides the low-affinity binding sites characterized by a micromolar dissociation constant (Kd), tetrameric FliC-NikRC molecules possess high-affinity binding sites with Kd values in the nanomolar range. GCI enabled us to obtain real-time kinetic data for the specific binding of an analyte with molar mass as low as 59 Da, even at signals lower than 1 pg/mm2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajnalka Jankovics
- Bio-Nanosystems Laboratory, Research Institute of Biomolecular and Chemical Engineering, University of Pannonia, Egyetem u. 10, Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Boglarka Kovacs
- Nanobiosensorics Laboratory, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, Konkoly-Thege Miklós út 29-33, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andras Saftics
- Nanobiosensorics Laboratory, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, Konkoly-Thege Miklós út 29-33, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamas Gerecsei
- Nanobiosensorics Laboratory, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, Konkoly-Thege Miklós út 29-33, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Éva Tóth
- Bio-Nanosystems Laboratory, Research Institute of Biomolecular and Chemical Engineering, University of Pannonia, Egyetem u. 10, Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Inna Szekacs
- Nanobiosensorics Laboratory, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, Konkoly-Thege Miklós út 29-33, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Vonderviszt
- Bio-Nanosystems Laboratory, Research Institute of Biomolecular and Chemical Engineering, University of Pannonia, Egyetem u. 10, Veszprém, Hungary
- Nanobiosensorics Laboratory, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, Konkoly-Thege Miklós út 29-33, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Robert Horvath
- Nanobiosensorics Laboratory, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, Konkoly-Thege Miklós út 29-33, Budapest, Hungary.
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15
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Purgatorio R, de Candia M, Catto M, Rullo M, Pisani L, Denora N, Carrieri A, Nevskaya AA, Voskressensky LG, Altomare CD. Evaluation of Water-Soluble Mannich Base Prodrugs of 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydroazepino[4,3-b]indol-1(6H)-one as Multitarget-Directed Agents for Alzheimer's Disease. ChemMedChem 2020; 16:589-598. [PMID: 33156950 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Different Mannich base derivatives have been studied with the aim of addressing the poor aqueous solubility of the recently disclosed 6-phenethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroazepino[4,3-b]indol-1(6H)-one (1), a human butyrylcholinesterase inhibitor (hBChE, IC50 13 nM) and protective agent in NMDA-induced neurotoxicity, in in vivo assays. The N-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)methyl derivative 2 c showed a 50-fold increase in solubility in pH 7.4-buffered solution, high stability in serum and (half-life >24 h) and rapid (<3 min) conversion to 1 at acidic pH. Although less active than 1, 2 c retained moderate hBChE inhibition (IC50 =3.35 μM) and a significant protective effect against NMDA-induced neurotoxicity at 0.1 μM. Moreover, 2 c resulted a weaker serum albumin binder than 1, could pass the blood-brain barrier, and exerted negligible cytotoxicity on HepG2 cells. These findings suggest that 2 c could be a water-soluble prodrug candidate of 1 for oral administration or a slow-release injectable derivative in in vivoAlzheimer's disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Purgatorio
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug-Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Modesto de Candia
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug-Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Catto
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug-Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Mariagrazia Rullo
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug-Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Leonardo Pisani
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug-Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Nunzio Denora
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug-Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Carrieri
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug-Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Alisa A Nevskaya
- Organic Chemistry Department, RUDN University, Miklukho-Maklai St. 6, Moscow, 117198, Russia
| | - Leonid G Voskressensky
- Organic Chemistry Department, RUDN University, Miklukho-Maklai St. 6, Moscow, 117198, Russia
| | - Cosimo D Altomare
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug-Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
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16
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Shrestha L, Singh SS, Parajuli P, Dahal A, Mattheolabakis G, Meyer S, Bhattacharjee J, Jois SD. In vivo studies of a peptidomimetic that targets EGFR dimerization in NSCLC. J Cancer 2020; 11:5982-5999. [PMID: 32922539 PMCID: PMC7477407 DOI: 10.7150/jca.46320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies related to lung cancer have shown a link between human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) expression and poor prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). HER2 overexpression has been observed in 3-38% of NSCLC, while strong HER2 protein overexpression is found in 2.5% of NSCLC. However, HER2 dimerization is important in lung cancer, including EGFR mutated NSCLC. Since HER2 dimerization leads to cell proliferation, targeting the dimerization of HER2 will have a significant impact on cancer therapies. A peptidomimetic has been designed that can be used as a therapeutic agent for a subset of NSCLC patients overexpressing HER2 or possessing HER2 as well as EGFR mutation. A cyclic peptidomimetic (18) has been designed to inhibit protein-protein interactions of HER2 with its dimerization partners EGFR and HER3. Compound 18 exhibited antiproliferative activity in HER2-positive NSCLC cell lines at nanomolar concentrations. Western blot analysis showed that 18 inhibited phosphorylation of HER2 and Akt in vitro and in vivo. Stability studies of 18 at various temperature and pH (pH 1 and pH 7.6), and in the presence of liver microsomes indicated that 18 was stable against thermal and chemical degradation. Pharmacokinetic parameters were evaluated in nude mice by administrating single doses of 4 mg/kg and 6 mg/kg of 18 via IV. The anticancer activity of 18 was evaluated using an experimental metastasis lung cancer model in mice. Compound 18 suppressed the tumor growth in mice when compared to control. A proximity ligation assay further proved that 18 inhibits HER2:HER3 and EGFR: HER2 dimerization. Overall, these results suggest that 18 can be a potential treatment for HER2-dimerization related NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leeza Shrestha
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201
| | - Sitanshu S. Singh
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201
| | - Pravin Parajuli
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201
| | - Achyut Dahal
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201
| | - George Mattheolabakis
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201
| | - Sharon Meyer
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201
| | - Joydeep Bhattacharjee
- Biology Program, School of Sciences, University of Louisiana, Monroe, Monroe, LA 71029
| | - Seetharama D. Jois
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201
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17
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Dumond J, Tronchet JMJ, Kirkiacharian S, Seman M, Reboud-Ravaux M. Insights into Biophysical Methods to Study Interactions Between HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase and Non-nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180816666190723121845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:Reverse Transcriptase (RT) of immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) remains an essential target for new antiretroviral therapies. Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (or NNRTIs) constitute a major class of RT inhibitors whose characterization is essential.Introduction:Several biochemical, biological, and biophysical methods have been previously used to analyze the biological effects of NNRTIs. We explored here the use of surface plasmonic resonance to characterize the affinity of RT towards selected NNRTIs and compared the results with those obtained with in vitro and in cellulo assays.Methods:The solubility and stability in buffers of the tested NNRTIs were assessed by spectrophotometry and fluorescence. Surface plasmonic resonance experiments to study direct NNRTIs binding to immobilized RT and intramolecular quenching of RT tryptophan fluorescence were used to determine the KA association constants (= 1/KD) between RT and the inhibitors. The in vitro inhibition constants of RT were determined using kinetics and the effects on three other potential targets (proteasome, HIV-1 integrase, and HIV-1 protease) were analyzed.Results:The results obtained with two typical molecules belonging to our previous N-hydroxyureido acylnucleoside derivatives series using the above biophysical assays matched those obtained in in vitro and previous in cellulo assays.Conclusion:Surface plasmonic resonance provides reliable thermodynamic information on the interaction of RT with NNRTIs and appears as a useful method for understanding their inhibitory mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Dumond
- Sorbonne Universite, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, IBPS, Adaptation biologique et Vieillissement, 7 quai Saint Bernard 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | | | - Serge Kirkiacharian
- Faculte de Pharmacie Paris-Sud. Laboratoire de Chimie Therapeutique. 5 rue Jean- Baptiste Clement 92290 Chatenay-Malabry, France
| | - Michel Seman
- Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale U905, Pathophysiology Biotherapy of Inflammatory and Autoimmune Diseases, Faculte de Médecine et de Pharmacie de Rouen, 22 Boulevard Gambetta 76183 Rouen Cedex, France
| | - Michèle Reboud-Ravaux
- Sorbonne Universite, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, IBPS, Adaptation biologique et Vieillissement, 7 quai Saint Bernard 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
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18
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Tramarin A, Naldi M, Degani G, Lupu L, Wiegand P, Mazzolari A, Altomare A, Aldini G, Popolo L, Vistoli G, Przybylski M, Bartolini M. Unveiling the molecular mechanisms underpinning biorecognition of early-glycated human serum albumin and receptor for advanced glycation end products. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:4245-4259. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02674-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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19
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Nerusu A, Vaikuntapu PR, Chinthapalli DK, Podile AR, Subramanyam R. Truncated domains of human serum albumin improves the binding efficiency of uremic toxins: A surface plasmon resonance and computational approach. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 155:1216-1225. [PMID: 31734369 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.11.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Albumin binding is the major cause for the toxicity of protein bound uremic toxins (PBUTs) in uremic patients. Albumin binding property is exploited to address this issue, as some of the extracorporeal dialysis systems use albumin as dialysate. In this line, a detailed study about binding of PBUTs to human serum albumin (HSA) and its domains gives valuable information. The focus of this work emphasizes the mechanism of binding of HSA and its domains with a few selected PBUTs such as hippuric acid (HA), indole acetic acid (IAA) and melatonin. The HSA domains (D2, D3 and D2-3) were expressed in Pichia pastoris and purified by using Albupure matrix. The binding of the expressed domains and HSA, with PBUTs, was measured using surface plasmon resonance and analyzed. All the three domains have significant affinity towards PBUTs, while D3 had greater affinity for all the three selected PBUTs. Docking studies showed that the basic amino acid, lysine, was forming hydrogen bond with PUBTs inorder to stabile these complex. This study would be having therapeutic importance for preparing the extracorporeal dialysis systems, in combination of different domains of HSA to remove the PBUTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Nerusu
- Department of Plant Science, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Telangana 500046, India
| | - Papa Rao Vaikuntapu
- Department of Plant Science, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Telangana 500046, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chinthapalli
- Department of Plant Science, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Telangana 500046, India
| | - Appa Rao Podile
- Department of Plant Science, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Telangana 500046, India
| | - Rajagopal Subramanyam
- Department of Plant Science, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Telangana 500046, India.
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20
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Ronzetti M, Baljinnyam B, Yasgar A, Simeonov A. Testing for drug-human serum albumin binding using fluorescent probes and other methods. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2018; 13:1005-1014. [PMID: 30320522 PMCID: PMC11369766 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2018.1534824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Drug plasma protein binding remains highly relevant to research and drug development, making the assessment and profiling of compound affinity to plasma proteins essential to drug discovery efforts. Although there are a number of fully-characterized methods, they lack the throughput to handle large numbers of compounds. As the evaluation of adsorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion is addressed earlier in the drug development timeline, the need for higher-throughput methods has grown. Areas Covered: This review will highlight recent developments on methods for profiling drug plasma binding, with an emphasis on fluorescent probes and emerging high-throughput methodologies. Expert Opinion: There have been a number of high-throughput assays developed in recent years to meet the scaled up demands for compound profiling. Ultimately, the selection of assay technology relies on a number of factors, such as capabilities of the laboratory and the breadth and amount of data required. Fluorescent probe displacement assays are highly flexible and amenable to high-throughput screening, easily scaling up to handle large compound libraries. Recent developments in fluorescence technologies, such as homogenous time-resolved fluorescence and probes utilizing the aggregation-induced emission effect, have improved the sensitivity of these assays. Other technologies, such as microscale thermophoresis and quantitative structure-activity relationship modeling, are gaining popularity as alternative techniques for drug plasma protein binding characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Ronzetti
- a National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences , National Institutes of Health , Rockville , Maryland , USA
| | - Bolormaa Baljinnyam
- a National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences , National Institutes of Health , Rockville , Maryland , USA
| | - Adam Yasgar
- a National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences , National Institutes of Health , Rockville , Maryland , USA
| | - Anton Simeonov
- a National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences , National Institutes of Health , Rockville , Maryland , USA
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21
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Dobrev VS, Fred LM, Gerhart KP, Metallo SJ. Characterization of the Binding of Small Molecules to Intrinsically Disordered Proteins. Methods Enzymol 2018; 611:677-702. [PMID: 30471704 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2018.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) comprise a large fraction of eukaryotic proteomes. IDPs are prevalent in cellular regulation, signaling networks, and disease pathways. The abundance and activity of IDPs is tightly controlled at multiple levels, and their dysregulation is associated with disease. Because of the importance of IDPs in both normal and disease states of the cell, IDPs are attractive targets for modulation by small molecules both to understand their biology and to provide potential drug leads. Multiple screens have successfully identified small molecules that bind to IDPs. Here, we describe how surface plasmon resonance, NMR, and fluorescence methods can be used to characterize the direct binding affinity between small molecules and IDPs. We describe how these techniques can contribute to identifying previously unknown small-molecule binding sites on IDPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veselin S Dobrev
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Lisette M Fred
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Kaitlyn P Gerhart
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Steven J Metallo
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States; Institute for Soft Matter Synthesis and Metrology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States.
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22
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Fabini E, Tramarin A, Bartolini M. Combination of human acetylcholinesterase and serum albumin sensing surfaces as highly informative analytical tool for inhibitor screening. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 155:177-184. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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23
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Beeram SR, Zheng X, Suh K, Hage DS. Characterization of solution-phase drug-protein interactions by ultrafast affinity extraction. Methods 2018; 146:46-57. [PMID: 29510250 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2018.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of tools based on high-performance affinity separations have been developed for studying drug-protein interactions. An example of one recent approach is ultrafast affinity extraction. This method has been employed to examine the free (or non-bound) fractions of drugs and other solutes in simple or complex samples that contain soluble binding agents. These free fractions have also been used to determine the binding constants and rate constants for the interactions of drugs with these soluble agents. This report describes the general principles of ultrafast affinity extraction and the experimental conditions under which it can be used to characterize such interactions. This method will be illustrated by utilizing data that have been obtained when using this approach to measure the binding and dissociation of various drugs with the serum transport proteins human serum albumin and alpha1-acid glycoprotein. A number of practical factors will be discussed that should be considered in the design and optimization of this approach for use with single-column or multi-column systems. Techniques will also be described for analyzing the resulting data for the determination of free fractions, rate constants and binding constants. In addition, the extension of this method to complex samples, such as clinical specimens, will be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandya R Beeram
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0304, USA
| | - Xiwei Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0304, USA
| | - Kyungah Suh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0304, USA
| | - David S Hage
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0304, USA.
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24
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Moradi N, Ashrafi-Kooshk MR, Chamani J, Shackebaei D, Norouzi F. Separate and simultaneous binding of tamoxifen and estradiol to human serum albumin: Spectroscopic and molecular modeling investigations. J Mol Liq 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2017.11.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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25
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Desorption kinetics of organic chemicals from albumin. Arch Toxicol 2017; 92:1065-1074. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-017-2117-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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26
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Li Z, Narouz MR, Munro K, Hao B, Crudden CM, Horton JH, Hao H. Carboxymethylated Dextran-Modified N-Heterocyclic Carbene Self-Assembled Monolayers on Gold for Use in Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:39223-39234. [PMID: 29048150 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b13114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Surface chemistry is a key enabler for various biosensing applications. Biosensors based on surface plasmon resonance routinely employ thiol-based chemistry for the linker layer between gold-coated support surfaces and functional biosensor surfaces. However, there is a growing awareness that such sensor surfaces are prone to oxidation/degradation problems in the presence of oxygen, and previous efforts to improve the stability have shown limited advancements. As an alternative, recent studies employing N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) deposited on gold have shown significant promise in this area. Here, we describe a sensor surface employing an NHC SAM to couple a modified carboxymethylated dextran onto a gold surface. Such a dextran matrix is also used for affinity chromatography, and it is the most commonly employed matrix for commercial biosensor surfaces today. The performance reliability of the dextran-modified NHC chip to act as an alternative biosensing platform is compared with that of a thiol-based commercial chip in the proof-of-concept tests. The resultant NHC sensor surface shows a higher thermal stability compared to thiol analogues. Moreover, the plasma protein/drug and antibody/antigen interactions were validated on the NHC-based dextran chip and showed similar performance as compared to the thiol-based commercial chip. Ultimately, this study shows the strong potential applicability of chemical modifications to gold surfaces using NHC ligands for biosensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Judicial Civilization and Key Laboratory of Evidence Science, China University of Political Science and Law , Beijing 100088, China
| | | | | | - Bin Hao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Judicial Civilization and Key Laboratory of Evidence Science, China University of Political Science and Law , Beijing 100088, China
| | - Cathleen M Crudden
- Institute for Transformative Bio-Molecules (ITbM-WPI), Nagoya University , Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | | | - Hongxia Hao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Judicial Civilization and Key Laboratory of Evidence Science, China University of Political Science and Law , Beijing 100088, China
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27
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Monitoring drug–serum protein interactions for early ADME prediction through Surface Plasmon Resonance technology. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 144:188-194. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.03.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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28
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Bech EM, Martos-Maldonado MC, Wismann P, Sørensen KK, van Witteloostuijn SB, Thygesen MB, Vrang N, Jelsing J, Pedersen SL, Jensen KJ. Peptide Half-Life Extension: Divalent, Small-Molecule Albumin Interactions Direct the Systemic Properties of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (GLP-1) Analogues. J Med Chem 2017; 60:7434-7446. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Esben M. Bech
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg 1870, Denmark
- Gubra Aps, Hørsholm 2970, Denmark
| | | | | | - Kasper K. Sørensen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg 1870, Denmark
| | | | - Mikkel B. Thygesen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg 1870, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Knud J. Jensen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg 1870, Denmark
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29
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van Witteloostuijn SB, Mannerstedt K, Wismann P, Bech EM, Thygesen MB, Vrang N, Jelsing J, Jensen KJ, Pedersen SL. Neoglycolipids for Prolonging the Effects of Peptides: Self-Assembling Glucagon-like Peptide 1 Analogues with Albumin Binding Properties and Potent in Vivo Efficacy. Mol Pharm 2016; 14:193-205. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Søren B. van Witteloostuijn
- Gubra ApS, Hørsholm Kongevej
11B, 2970 Hørsholm, Denmark
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej
40, 1871 Frederiksberg
C, Denmark
| | | | - Pernille Wismann
- Gubra ApS, Hørsholm Kongevej
11B, 2970 Hørsholm, Denmark
- Department
of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 København Ø, Denmark
| | - Esben M. Bech
- Gubra ApS, Hørsholm Kongevej
11B, 2970 Hørsholm, Denmark
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej
40, 1871 Frederiksberg
C, Denmark
| | - Mikkel B. Thygesen
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej
40, 1871 Frederiksberg
C, Denmark
| | - Niels Vrang
- Gubra ApS, Hørsholm Kongevej
11B, 2970 Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Jacob Jelsing
- Gubra ApS, Hørsholm Kongevej
11B, 2970 Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Knud J. Jensen
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej
40, 1871 Frederiksberg
C, Denmark
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30
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Schön A, Freire E. Enthalpy screen of drug candidates. Anal Biochem 2016; 513:1-6. [PMID: 27567994 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2016.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The enthalpic and entropic contributions to the binding affinity of drug candidates have been acknowledged to be important determinants of the quality of a drug molecule. These quantities, usually summarized in the thermodynamic signature, provide a rapid assessment of the forces that drive the binding of a ligand. Having access to the thermodynamic signature in the early stages of the drug discovery process will provide critical information towards the selection of the best drug candidates for development. In this paper, the Enthalpy Screen technique is presented. The enthalpy screen allows fast and accurate determination of the binding enthalpy for hundreds of ligands. As such, it appears to be ideally suited to aid in the ranking of the hundreds of hits that are usually identified after standard high throughput screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne Schön
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Ernesto Freire
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
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31
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Liu B, Liu X, Shi S, Huang R, Su R, Qi W, He Z. Design and mechanisms of antifouling materials for surface plasmon resonance sensors. Acta Biomater 2016; 40:100-118. [PMID: 26921775 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors have many possible applications, but are limited by sensor chip surface fouling, which blocks immobilization and specific binding by the recognizer elements. Therefore, there is a pressing need for the development of antifouling surfaces. In this paper, the mechanisms of antifouling materials were firstly discussed, including both theories (hydration and steric hindrance) and factors influencing antifouling effects (molecular structures and self-assembled monolayer (SAM) architectures, surface charges, molecular hydrophilicity, and grafting thickness and density). Then, the most recent advances in antifouling materials applied on SPR biosensors were systematically reviewed, together with the grafting strategies, antifouling capacity, as well as their merits and demerits. These materials included, but not limited to, zwitterionic compounds, polyethylene glycol-based, and polysaccharide-based materials. Finally, the prospective research directions in the development of SPR antifouling materials were discussed. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is a powerful tool in monitoring biomolecular interactions. The principle of SPR biosensors is the conversion of refractive index change caused by molecular binding into resonant spectral shifts. However, the fouling on the surface of SPR gold chips is ubiquitous and troublesome. It limits the application of SPR biosensors by blocking recognition element immobilization and specific binding. Hence, we write this paper to review the antifouling mechanisms and the recent advances of the design of antifouling materials that can improve the accuracy and sensitivity of SPR biosensors. To our knowledge, this is the first review focusing on the antifouling materials that were applied or had potential to be applied on SPR biosensors.
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32
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Ermondi G, Caron G. Do surface-based match solution-based techniques? The case of drug-liposome interaction. Int J Pharm 2016; 508:123-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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33
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Surface plasmon resonance and circular dichroism characterization of cucurbitacins binding to serum albumins for early pharmacokinetic profiling. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 122:166-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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34
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Vachali PP, Li B, Besch BM, Bernstein PS. Protein-Flavonoid Interaction Studies by a Taylor Dispersion Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) Technique: A Novel Method to Assess Biomolecular Interactions. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2016; 6:bios6010006. [PMID: 26927197 PMCID: PMC4810398 DOI: 10.3390/bios6010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are common polyphenolic compounds widely distributed in fruits and vegetables. These pigments have important pharmacological relevance because emerging research suggests possible anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties as well other beneficial health effects. These compounds are relatively hydrophobic molecules, suggesting the role of blood transport proteins in their delivery to tissues. In this study, we assess the binding interactions of four flavonoids (kaempferol, luteolin, quercetin, and resveratrol) with human serum albumin (HSA), the most abundant protein in the blood, and with glutathione S-transferase pi isoform-1 (GSTP1), an enzyme with well-characterized hydrophobic binding sites that plays an important role in detoxification of xenobiotics with reduced glutathione, using a novel Taylor dispersion surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technique. For the first time, HSA sites revealed a high-affinity binding site for flavonoid interactions. Out of the four flavonoids that we examined, quercetin and kaempferol showed the strongest equilibrium binding affinities (KD) of 63 ± 0.03 nM and 37 ± 0.07 nM, respectively. GSTP1 displayed lower affinities in the micromolar range towards all of the flavonoids tested. The interactions of flavonoids with HSA and GSTP1 were studied successfully using this novel SPR assay method. The new method is compatible with both kinetic and equilibrium analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preejith P Vachali
- Moran Eye Center, University of Utah School of Medicine, 65 Mario Capecchi Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA.
| | - Binxing Li
- Moran Eye Center, University of Utah School of Medicine, 65 Mario Capecchi Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA.
| | - Brian M Besch
- Moran Eye Center, University of Utah School of Medicine, 65 Mario Capecchi Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA.
| | - Paul S Bernstein
- Moran Eye Center, University of Utah School of Medicine, 65 Mario Capecchi Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA.
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35
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Bi C, Zheng X, Hage DS. Analysis of free drug fractions in serum by ultrafast affinity extraction and two-dimensional affinity chromatography using α1-acid glycoprotein microcolumns. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1432:49-57. [PMID: 26797422 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.12.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In the circulatory system, many drugs are reversibly bound to serum proteins such as human serum albumin (HSA) and alpha1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), resulting in both free and protein-bound fractions for these drugs. This report examined the use of microcolumns containing immobilized AGP for the measurement of free drug fractions by ultrafast affinity extraction and a two-dimensional affinity system. Several drugs known to bind AGP were used as models to develop and evaluate this approach. Factors considered during the creation of this method included the retention of the drugs on the microcolumns, the injection flow rate, the microcolumn size, and the times at which a second AGP column was placed on-line with the microcolumn. The final system had residence times of only 110-830ms during sample passage through the AGP microcolumns and allowed free drug fractions to be determined within 10-20min when using only 3-10μL of sample per injection. This method was used to measure the free fractions of the model drugs at typical therapeutic levels in serum, giving good agreement with the results obtained by ultrafiltration. This approach was also used to estimate the binding constants for each drug with AGP in serum, even for drugs that had significant interactions with both AGP and HSA in such samples. These results indicated that AGP microcolumns could be used with ultrafast affinity extraction to measure free drug fractions in a label-free manner and to study the binding of drugs with AGP in complex samples such as serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Bi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Xiwei Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - David S Hage
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA.
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36
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Analysis of free drug fractions in human serum by ultrafast affinity extraction and two-dimensional affinity chromatography. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 408:131-40. [PMID: 26462924 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-9082-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Revised: 09/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ultrafast affinity extraction and a two-dimensional high performance affinity chromatographic system were used to measure the free fractions for various drugs in serum and at typical therapeutic concentrations. Pooled samples of normal serum or serum from diabetic patients were utilized in this work. Several drug models (i.e., quinidine, diazepam, gliclazide, tolbutamide, and acetohexamide) were examined that represented a relatively wide range of therapeutic concentrations and affinities for human serum albumin (HSA). The two-dimensional system consisted of an HSA microcolumn for the extraction of a free drug fraction, followed by a larger HSA analytical column for the further separation and measurement of this fraction. Factors that were optimized in this method included the flow rates, column sizes, and column switching times that were employed. The final extraction times used for isolating the free drug fractions were 333-665 ms or less. The dissociation rate constants for several of the drugs with soluble HSA were measured during system optimization, giving results that agreed with reference values. In the final system, free drug fractions in the range of 0.7-9.5% were measured and gave good agreement with values that were determined by ultrafiltration. Association equilibrium constants or global affinities were also estimated by this approach for the drugs with soluble HSA. The results for the two-dimensional system were obtained in 5-10 min or less and required only 1-5 μL of serum per injection. The same approach could be adapted for work with other drugs and proteins in clinical samples or for biomedical research.
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37
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Qin S, Ren Y, Fu X, Shen J, Chen X, Wang Q, Bi X, Liu W, Li L, Liang G, Yang C, Shui W. Multiple ligand detection and affinity measurement by ultrafiltration and mass spectrometry analysis applied to fragment mixture screening. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 886:98-106. [PMID: 26320641 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Binding affinity of a small molecule drug candidate to a therapeutically relevant biomolecular target is regarded the first determinant of the candidate's efficacy. Although the ultrafiltration-LC/MS (UF-LC/MS) assay enables efficient ligand discovery for a specific target from a mixed pool of compounds, most previous analysis allowed for relative affinity ranking of different ligands. Moreover, the reliability of affinity measurement for multiple ligands with UF-LC/MS has hardly been strictly evaluated. In this study, we examined the accuracy of K(d) determination through UF-LC/MS by comparison with classical ITC measurement. A single-point K(d) calculation method was found to be suitable for affinity measurement of multiple ligands bound to the same target when binding competition is minimized. A second workflow based on analysis of the unbound fraction of compounds was then developed, which simplified sample preparation as well as warranted reliable ligand discovery. The new workflow implemented in a fragment mixture screen afforded rapid and sensitive detection of low-affinity ligands selectively bound to the RNA polymerase NS5B of hepatitis C virus. More importantly, ligand identification and affinity measurement for mixture-based fragment screens by UF-LC/MS were in good accordance with single ligand evaluation by conventional SPR analysis. This new approach is expected to become a valuable addition to the arsenal of high-throughput screening techniques for fragment-based drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Qin
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; High-throughput Molecular Drug Discovery Center, Tianjin Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yiran Ren
- High-throughput Molecular Drug Discovery Center, Tianjin Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Xu Fu
- High-throughput Molecular Drug Discovery Center, Tianjin Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Xin Chen
- High-throughput Molecular Drug Discovery Center, Tianjin Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Quan Wang
- High-throughput Molecular Drug Discovery Center, Tianjin Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Xin Bi
- Institute of Elemento-organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- High-throughput Molecular Drug Discovery Center, Tianjin Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Lixin Li
- High-throughput Molecular Drug Discovery Center, Tianjin Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Guangxin Liang
- Institute of Elemento-organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- High-throughput Molecular Drug Discovery Center, Tianjin Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Wenqing Shui
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China.
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38
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Colclough N, Wenlock MC. Interpreting physicochemical experimental data sets. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2015; 29:779-94. [PMID: 26054297 DOI: 10.1007/s10822-015-9850-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
With the wealth of experimental physicochemical data available to chemoinformaticians from the literature, commercial, and company databases an increasing challenge is the interpretation of such datasets. Subtle differences in experimental methodology used to generate these datasets can give rise to variations in physicochemical property values. Such methodology nuances will be apparent to an expert experimentalist but not necessarily to the data analyst and modeller. This paper describes the differences between common methodologies for measuring the four most important physicochemical properties namely aqueous solubility, octan-1-ol/water distribution coefficient, pK(a) and plasma protein binding highlighting key factors that can lead to systematic differences. Insight is given into how to identify datasets suitable for combining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Colclough
- Oncology and Drug Safety and Metabolism, Innovative Medicines, Mereside, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire, SK10 4TG, UK.
| | - Mark C Wenlock
- Oncology and Drug Safety and Metabolism, Innovative Medicines, Mereside, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire, SK10 4TG, UK
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39
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Lee KA, Ahn JY, Lee SH, Singh Sekhon S, Kim DG, Min J, Kim YH. Aptamer-based Sandwich Assay and its Clinical Outlooks for Detecting Lipocalin-2 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). Sci Rep 2015; 5:10897. [PMID: 26039737 PMCID: PMC4454046 DOI: 10.1038/srep10897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
We validated a single-stranded, DNA aptamer-based, diagnostic method capable of detecting Lipocalin-2 (LCN2), a biomarker from clinically relevant hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patient serum, in the sandwich assay format. Nine aptamers (LCN2_apta1 to LCN2_apta9) for LCN2 were screened with SELEX processes, and a sandwich pair (LCN2_apta2 and LCN2_apta4) was finally chosen using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and dot blotting analysis. The result of the proposed aptamer sandwich construction shows that LCN2 was sensitively detected in the concentration range of 2.5–500 ng mL−1 with a limit of detection of 0.6 ng mL−1. Quantitative measurement tests in HCC patients were run on straight serum and were compared with the performance of the conventional antibody-based ELISA kit. The aptamer sandwich assay demonstrated an excellent dynamic range for LCN2 at clinically relevant serum levels, covering sub-nanogram per mL concentrations. The new approach offers a simple and robust method for detecting serum biomarkers that have low and moderate abundance. It consists of functionalization, hybridization and signal read-out, and no dilution is required. The results of the study demonstrate the capability of the aptamer sandwich assay platform for diagnosing HCC and its potential applicability to the point-of-care testing (POCT) system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong-Ah Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University, 1 Chungdae-Ro, Seowon-Gu, Cheongju 362-763, South Korea
| | - Ji-Young Ahn
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University, 1 Chungdae-Ro, Seowon-Gu, Cheongju 362-763, South Korea
| | - Sang-Hee Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University, 1 Chungdae-Ro, Seowon-Gu, Cheongju 362-763, South Korea
| | - Simranjeet Singh Sekhon
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University, 1 Chungdae-Ro, Seowon-Gu, Cheongju 362-763, South Korea
| | - Dae-Ghon Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, 561-756, South Korea
| | - Jiho Min
- Graduate School of Semiconductor and Chemical Engineering, Chonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-Gu, Jeonju, 561-756, South Korea
| | - Yang-Hoon Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University, 1 Chungdae-Ro, Seowon-Gu, Cheongju 362-763, South Korea
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40
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Rowland A, Hallifax D, Nussio MR, Shapter JG, Mackenzie PI, Brian Houston J, Knights KM, Miners JO. Characterization of the comparative drug binding to intra- (liver fatty acid binding protein) and extra- (human serum albumin) cellular proteins. Xenobiotica 2015; 45:847-57. [PMID: 25801059 DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2015.1021403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
1. This study compared the extent, affinity, and kinetics of drug binding to human serum albumin (HSA) and liver fatty acid binding protein (LFABP) using ultrafiltration and surface plasmon resonance (SPR). 2. Binding of basic and neutral drugs to both HSA and LFABP was typically negligible. Binding of acidic drugs ranged from minor (fu > 0.8) to extensive (fu < 0.1). Of the compounds screened, the highest binding to both HSA and LFABP was observed for the acidic drugs torsemide and sulfinpyrazone, and for β-estradiol (a polar, neutral compound). 3. The extent of binding of acidic drugs to HSA was up to 40% greater than binding to LFABP. SPR experiments demonstrated comparable kinetics and affinity for the binding of representative acidic drugs (naproxen, sulfinpyrazone, and torsemide) to HSA and LFABP. 4. Simulations based on in vitro kinetic constants derived from SPR experiments and a rapid equilibrium model were undertaken to examine the impact of binding characteristics on compartmental drug distribution. Simulations provided mechanistic confirmation that equilibration of intracellular unbound drug with the extracellular unbound drug is attained rapidly in the absence of active transport mechanisms for drugs bound moderately or extensively to HSA and LFABP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Rowland
- a Department of Clinical Pharmacology , Flinders University , Adelaide , Australia
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41
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Shim YY, Reaney MJT. Kinetic Interactions between Cyclolinopeptides and Immobilized Human Serum Albumin by Surface Plasmon Resonance. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:1099-1106. [PMID: 25554104 DOI: 10.1021/jf504811x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Cyclolinopeptides (CLs) are octa-, nona-, and decapeptides present in flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) that may have immunosuppressive and antitumor activities, but little is known of their pharmacokinetics. Human serum albumin (HSA), the most abundant blood protein, is an important mediator of organic solute flux, and hence when compounds bind this protein, it potentially affects both their availability and efficacy. Quantitative thermodynamic analysis of the interaction of compounds with HSA is important in the development of biomedical applications. A surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor was utilized to reliably determine binding constants for several CLs with HSA. The maximum binding response of [1-9-NαC]-CLA/HSA was almost 20-fold higher than that of [1-8-NαC],[1-MetO]-CLE/HSA. Through analysis of an array of peptides, it was possible to correlate the impact of structural changes on CL binding. The oxidation of sulfur in methionine (Met) residues formed methionine S-oxide (MetO) and reduced binding significantly. Most strikingly, the further oxidation of MetO to S,S-dioxide (MetO2) produced CLs with stronger binding. The large impact on binding by relatively small modifications of methionine containing CLs suggested that small changes in methionine oxidation can disrupt hydrophobic interaction, the predominant intermolecular force stabilizing the complex between CLs and HSA. SPR binding studies may aid in understanding the fate of CLs after consumption of flaxseed or flaxseed products or the development of CLs as drugs or drug carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn Young Shim
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5A8, Canada
- Prairie Tide Chemicals Inc., 102 Melville Street, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7J 0R1, Canada
| | - Martin J T Reaney
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5A8, Canada
- Prairie Tide Chemicals Inc., 102 Melville Street, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7J 0R1, Canada
- Guangdong Saskatchewan Oilseed Joint Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University , 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangdong, Guangzhou 510632, China
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42
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Olaru A, Bala C, Jaffrezic-Renault N, Aboul-Enein HY. Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) Biosensors in Pharmaceutical Analysis. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2015; 45:97-105. [DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2014.881250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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43
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ITO S, YAMAMOTO D. Structure of the methyl orange-binding site on human serum albumin and its color-change mechanism . Biomed Res 2015; 36:247-52. [DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.36.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shigenori ITO
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Osaka Medical College
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44
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A new nonpolar N-hydroxy imidazoline lead compound with improved activity in a murine model of late-stage Trypanosoma brucei brucei infection is not cross-resistant with diamidines. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2014; 59:890-904. [PMID: 25421467 DOI: 10.1128/aac.03958-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment of late-stage sleeping sickness requires drugs that can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to reach the parasites located in the brain. We report here the synthesis and evaluation of four new N-hydroxy and 12 new N-alkoxy derivatives of bisimidazoline leads as potential agents for the treatment of late-stage sleeping sickness. These compounds, which have reduced basicity compared to the parent leads (i.e., are less ionized at physiological pH), were evaluated in vitro against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense and in vivo in murine models of first- and second-stage sleeping sickness. Resistance profile, physicochemical parameters, in vitro BBB permeability, and microsomal stability also were determined. The N-hydroxy imidazoline analogues were the most effective in vivo, with 4-((1-hydroxy-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)amino)-N-(4-((1-hydroxy-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)amino)phenyl)benzamide (14d) showing 100% cures in the first-stage disease, while 15d, 16d, and 17d appeared to slightly improve survival. In addition, 14d showed weak activity in the chronic model of central nervous system infection in mice. No evidence of reduction of this compound with hepatic microsomes and mitochondria was found in vitro, suggesting that N-hydroxy imidazolines are metabolically stable and have intrinsic activity against T. brucei. In contrast to its unsubstituted parent compound, the uptake of 14d in T. brucei was independent of known drug transporters (i.e., T. brucei AT1/P2 and HAPT), indicating a lower predisposition to cross-resistance with other diamidines and arsenical drugs. Hence, the N-hydroxy bisimidazolines (14d in particular) represent a new class of promising antitrypanosomal agents.
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Tedesco D, Pistolozzi M, Zanasi R, Bertucci C. Characterization of the species-dependent ketoprofen/albumin binding modes by induced CD spectroscopy and TD-DFT calculations. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2014; 112:176-80. [PMID: 25555517 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2014.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Revised: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The stereospecificity of high-affinity biorecognition phenomena at the basis of the activity of drugs is an important topic of active research in medicinal chemistry. The binding of drugs to their targets or to carrier proteins may lead to the onset of an induced circular dichroism (ICD) signal, which can be detected experimentally. Quantum mechanical (QM) calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) and its time-dependent formulation (TD-DFT) can be used to determine the theoretical chiroptical response of all the possible conformations of drugs bound to their hosts; by comparison with the experimental ICD spectra of drug-host complexes, this approach can lead to the identification of possible binding modes in the absence of X-ray crystallography or NMR data. The present article reports the application of experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectroscopy, DFT conformational analysis and TD-DFT calculations to the investigation of the binding modes of (S)-ketoprofen to serum albumins. The peculiar species-dependent ICD spectra observed for the binding of (S)-ketoprofen to different serum albumins can be explained by the selection of different mutual arrangements of the phenyl moieties inside the binding pocket. Such structural elucidations contribute to a better understanding of the changes in the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of drugs among different species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Tedesco
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, Bologna, 40126 Italy
| | - Marco Pistolozzi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, Bologna, 40126 Italy
| | - Riccardo Zanasi
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano, 84084 Italy
| | - Carlo Bertucci
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, Bologna, 40126 Italy.
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Kong L, Hu J, Qin D, Yan P. Interaction of Ifosfamide-Loaded Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles with Human Serum Albumin—A Biophysical Study. J Pharm Innov 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s12247-014-9199-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Al Balushi AA, Gordon R. A label-free untethered approach to single-molecule protein binding kinetics. NANO LETTERS 2014; 14:5787-91. [PMID: 25211555 DOI: 10.1021/nl502665n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Single molecule approaches provide rich real-time dynamics of molecular interactions that are not accessible to ensemble measurements. Previous single molecule studies have relied on labeling and tethering, which alters the natural state of the protein. Here we use the double-nanohole (DNH) optical tweezer approach to measure protein binding kinetics at the single molecule level in a label-free, free-solution (untethered) way. The binding kinetics of human serum albumin (HSA) to tolbutamide and to phenytoin are in quantitative agreement with previous measurements, and our single-molecule approach reveals a biexponential behavior characteristic of a multistep process. The DNH optical tweezer is an inexpensive platform for studying the real-time binding kinetics of protein-small molecule interactions in a label-free, free-solution environment, which will be of interest to future studies including drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Al Balushi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Victoria , Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada
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Bujard A, Sol M, Carrupt PA, Martel S. Predicting both passive intestinal absorption and the dissociation constant toward albumin using the PAMPA technique. Eur J Pharm Sci 2014; 63:36-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2014.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Revised: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Liang W, Wang S, Festa F, Wiktor P, Wang W, Magee M, LaBaer J, Tao N. Measurement of small molecule binding kinetics on a protein microarray by plasmonic-based electrochemical impedance imaging. Anal Chem 2014; 86:9860-5. [PMID: 25153794 PMCID: PMC4188269 DOI: 10.1021/ac5024556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We report on a quantitative study of small molecule binding kinetics on protein microarrays with plasmonic-based electrochemical impedance microscopy (P-EIM). P-EIM measures electrical impedance optically with high spatial resolution by converting a surface charge change to a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) image intensity change, and the signal is not scaled to the mass of the analyte. Using P-EIM, we measured binding kinetics and affinity between small molecule drugs (imatinib and SB202190) and their target proteins (kinases Abl1 and p38-α). The measured affinity values are consistent with reported values measured by an indirect competitive binding assay. We also found that SB202190 has weak bindings to ABL1 with KD > 10 μM, which is not reported in the literature. Furthermore, we found that P-EIM is less prone to nonspecific binding, a long-standing issue in SPR. Our results show that P-EIM is a novel method for high-throughput measurement of small molecule binding kinetics and affinity, which is critical to the understanding of small molecules in biological systems and discovery of small molecule drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Liang
- Center for Bioelectronics and Biosensors and §Center for Personalized Medicine, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
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Zheng X, Li Z, Podariu MI, Hage DS. Determination of rate constants and equilibrium constants for solution-phase drug-protein interactions by ultrafast affinity extraction. Anal Chem 2014; 86:6454-60. [PMID: 24911267 PMCID: PMC4082384 DOI: 10.1021/ac501031y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A method was created on the basis of ultrafast affinity extraction to determine both the dissociation rate constants and equilibrium constants for drug-protein interactions in solution. Human serum albumin (HSA), an important binding agent for many drugs in blood, was used as both a model soluble protein and as an immobilized binding agent in affinity microcolumns for the analysis of free drug fractions. Several drugs were examined that are known to bind to HSA. Various conditions to optimize in the use of ultrafast affinity extraction for equilibrium and kinetic studies were considered, and several approaches for these measurements were examined. The dissociation rate constants obtained for soluble HSA with each drug gave good agreement with previous rate constants reported for the same drugs or other solutes with comparable affinities for HSA. The equilibrium constants that were determined also showed good agreement with the literature. The results demonstrated that ultrafast affinity extraction could be used as a rapid approach to provide information on both the kinetics and thermodynamics of a drug-protein interaction in solution. This approach could be extended to other systems and should be valuable for high-throughput drug screening or biointeraction studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiwei Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska , 704 Hamilton Hall, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
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