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Feroz W, Park BS, Siripurapu M, Ntim N, Kilroy MK, Sheikh AMA, Mishra R, Garrett JT. Non-Muscle Myosin II A: Friend or Foe in Cancer? Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9435. [PMID: 39273383 PMCID: PMC11395477 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25179435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-muscle myosin IIA (NM IIA) is a motor protein that belongs to the myosin II family. The myosin heavy chain 9 (MYH9) gene encodes the heavy chain of NM IIA. NM IIA is a hexamer and contains three pairs of peptides, which include the dimer of heavy chains, essential light chains, and regulatory light chains. NM IIA is a part of the actomyosin complex that generates mechanical force and tension to carry out essential cellular functions, including adhesion, cytokinesis, migration, and the maintenance of cell shape and polarity. These functions are regulated via light and heavy chain phosphorylation at different amino acid residues. Apart from physiological functions, NM IIA is also linked to the development of cancer and genetic and neurological disorders. MYH9 gene mutations result in the development of several autosomal dominant disorders, such as May-Hegglin anomaly (MHA) and Epstein syndrome (EPS). Multiple studies have reported NM IIA as a tumor suppressor in melanoma and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma; however, studies also indicate that NM IIA is a critical player in promoting tumorigenesis, chemoradiotherapy resistance, and stemness. The ROCK-NM IIA pathway regulates cellular movement and shape via the control of cytoskeletal dynamics. In addition, the ROCK-NM IIA pathway is dysregulated in various solid tumors and leukemia. Currently, there are very few compounds targeting NM IIA, and most of these compounds are still being studied in preclinical models. This review provides comprehensive evidence highlighting the dual role of NM IIA in multiple cancer types and summarizes the signaling networks involved in tumorigenesis. Furthermore, we also discuss the role of NM IIA as a potential therapeutic target with a focus on the ROCK-NM IIA pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasim Feroz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Briley SoYoung Park
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Cancer Research Scholars Program, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Meghna Siripurapu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Nicole Ntim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Mary Kate Kilroy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | | | - Rosalin Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Joan T Garrett
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
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Islam ST, Cheheltani S, Cheng C, Fowler VM. Disease-related non-muscle myosin IIA D1424N rod domain mutation, but not R702C motor domain mutation, disrupts mouse ocular lens fiber cell alignment and hexagonal packing. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2024:10.1002/cm.21853. [PMID: 38516850 PMCID: PMC11416570 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
The mouse ocular lens is an excellent vertebrate model system for studying hexagonal cell packing and shape changes during tissue morphogenesis and differentiation. The lens is composed of two types of cells, epithelial and fiber cells. During the initiation of fiber cell differentiation, lens epithelial cells transform from randomly packed cells to hexagonally shaped and packed cells to form meridional row cells. The meridional row cells further differentiate and elongate into newly formed fiber cells that maintain hexagonal cell shape and ordered packing. In other tissues, actomyosin contractility regulates cell hexagonal packing geometry during epithelial tissue morphogenesis. Here, we use the mouse lens as a model to study the effect of two human disease-related non-muscle myosin IIA (NMIIA) mutations on lens cellular organization during fiber cell morphogenesis and differentiation. We studied genetic knock-in heterozygous mice with NMIIA-R702C motor domain or NMIIA-D1424N rod domain mutations. We observed that while one allele of NMIIA-R702C has no impact on lens meridional row epithelial cell shape and packing, one allele of the NMIIA-D1424N mutation can cause localized defects in cell hexagonal packing. Similarly, one allele of NMIIA-R702C motor domain mutation does not affect lens fiber cell organization while the NMIIA-D1424N mutant proteins disrupt fiber cell organization and packing. Our work demonstrates that disease-related NMIIA rod domain mutations (D1424N or E1841K) disrupt mouse lens fiber cell morphogenesis and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia T. Islam
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Sepideh Cheheltani
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Catherine Cheng
- School of Optometry and Vision Science Program, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Velia M. Fowler
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
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3
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Liu Q, Cheng C, Huang J, Yan W, Wen Y, Liu Z, Zhou B, Guo S, Fang W. MYH9: A key protein involved in tumor progression and virus-related diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116118. [PMID: 38181716 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The myosin heavy chain 9 (MYH9) gene encodes the heavy chain of non-muscle myosin IIA (NMIIA), which belongs to the myosin II subfamily of actin-based molecular motors. Previous studies have demonstrated that abnormal expression and mutations of MYH9 were correlated with MYH9-related diseases and tumors. Furthermore, earlier investigations identified MYH9 as a tumor suppressor. However, subsequent research revealed that MYH9 promoted tumorigenesis, progression and chemoradiotherapy resistance. Note-worthily, MYH9 has also been linked to viral infections, like severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Epstein-Barr virus, and hepatitis B virus, as a receptor or co-receptor. In addition, MYH9 promotes the development of hepatocellular carcinoma by interacting with the hepatitis B virus-encoding X protein. Finally, various findings highlighted the role of MYH9 in the development of these illnesses, especially in tumors. This review summarizes the involvement of the MYH9-regulated signaling network in tumors and virus-related diseases and presents possible drug interventions on MYH9, providing insights for the use of MYH9 as a therapeutic target for tumors and virus-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liu
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China
| | - Chao Cheng
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Longgang Otolaryngology hospital, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Jiyu Huang
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China
| | - Weiwei Yan
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China
| | - Yinhao Wen
- Department of Oncology, Pingxiang People's Hospital, Pingxiang 337000, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China; Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Basic School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China.
| | - Beixian Zhou
- The People's Hospital of Gaozhou, Gaozhou 525200, China.
| | - Suiqun Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China.
| | - Weiyi Fang
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China; The People's Hospital of Gaozhou, Gaozhou 525200, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China.
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Shirai Y, Miura K, Hamada R, Ishikura K, Kunishima S, Hattori M. A nationwide survey of MYH9-related disease in Japan. Clin Exp Nephrol 2024; 28:40-49. [PMID: 37733142 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-023-02404-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MYH9-related disease (MYH9-RD) is characterized by congenital macrothrombocytopenia, Döhle body-like granulocyte inclusions, and nephropathy, which may progress to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). However, information on the effects of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors on kidney survival is currently lacking and the outcomes of kidney replacement therapy (KRT) in MYH9-RD are largely unknown. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional nationwide survey by sending questionnaires to 145 institutions in Japan and analyzed data for 49 patients. RESULTS The median patient age was 27 years. Genetic analysis was performed in 37 (76%) patients. Twenty-four patients (65%) had MYH9 variants affecting the motor domain of non-muscle myosin heavy chain-IIA, and these patients had poorer kidney survival than those with variants affecting the tail domain (P = 0.02). There was no significant difference in kidney survival between patients treated with and without RAS inhibitors. Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis were performed in 16 and 7 patients, respectively. There were no major bleeding complications during the perioperative period or during follow-up, except for one patient. Most of the 11 patients who underwent kidney transplantation required perioperative red cell concentrate transfusions, but there was no graft loss during the median posttransplant observational period of 2.0 (interquartile range, 1.3-6.8) years. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated no beneficial effect of RAS inhibitors on kidney function in patients with MYH9-RD, indicating the need for further studies with more patients. All modalities of KRT are feasible options for MYH9-RD patients who progress to ESKD, with adequate attention to bleeding complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Shirai
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1, Kawada-Cho, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Miura
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1, Kawada-Cho, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan
| | - Riku Hamada
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Ishikura
- Department of Pediatrics, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shinji Kunishima
- School of Health Science, Gifu University of Medical Science, Seki, Japan
| | - Motoshi Hattori
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1, Kawada-Cho, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan.
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Nakamura M, Miura K, Shirai Y, Ishizuka K, Nakamura T, Segawa O, Kunishima S, Hattori M. Successful administration of eltrombopag in preparation for peritoneal dialysis catheter placement in a girl with MYH9-related disease. CEN Case Rep 2023; 12:419-422. [PMID: 37000325 PMCID: PMC10620370 DOI: 10.1007/s13730-023-00786-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
MYH9-related disease is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by macrothrombocytopenia, nephropathy, inclusion bodies in leukocytes, sensorineural hearing loss, and cataract. Severe cases require kidney replacement therapy in the patient's second decade of life; thrombocytopenia constitutes a major risk factor for hemorrhagic complications during dialysis initiation or kidney transplantation. Prophylactic platelet transfusion prior to surgery is commonly administered to affected patients in these cases. However, transfusion in such patients has limitations other than the general risk of allergic reactions and blood-borne infections; it may also trigger alloimmunization, leading to platelet transfusion resistance or the development of anti-donor antibodies in potential kidney transplant recipients. Here, we describe prophylactic administration of eltrombopag, an oral thrombopoietin receptor agonist, prior to laparoscopic peritoneal dialysis catheter placement in a 15-year-old girl with MYH9-related disease. Her platelet count was approximately 30 × 103/μL at baseline; it increased to 61 × 103/μL on the day before surgery, thereby avoiding the need for platelet transfusions. There were no major bleeding or adverse events associated with eltrombopag administration. Thus, eltrombopag may be a safe and effective alternative to prophylactic platelet transfusions in patients with MYH9-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misako Nakamura
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1, Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Miura
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1, Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Shirai
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1, Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyonobu Ishizuka
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1, Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Nakamura
- Department of Pediatrics, Odawara Municipal Hospital, 46, Kuno, Odawara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Osamu Segawa
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1, Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Kunishima
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Health Sciences, Gifu University of Medical Science, 795-1 Nagamine Ichihiraga, Seki, Gifu, Japan
| | - Motoshi Hattori
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1, Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
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Islam ST, Cheng C, Parreno J, Fowler VM. Nonmuscle Myosin IIA Regulates the Precise Alignment of Hexagonal Eye Lens Epithelial Cells During Fiber Cell Formation and Differentiation. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2023; 64:20. [PMID: 37070941 PMCID: PMC10123325 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.64.4.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Epithelial cells in the equatorial region of the ocular lens undergo a remarkable transition from randomly packed cells into precisely aligned and hexagon-shaped cells organized into meridional rows. We investigated the function of nonmuscle myosin IIA (encoded by Myh9) in regulating equatorial epithelial cell alignment to form meridional rows during secondary fiber cell morphogenesis. Methods We used genetic knock-in mice to study a common human Myh9 mutation, E1841K, in the rod domain. The E1841K mutation disrupts bipolar filament assembly. Lens shape, clarity, and stiffness were evaluated, and Western blots were used to determine the level of normal and mutant myosins. Cryosections and lens whole mounts were stained and imaged by confocal microscopy to investigate cell shape and organization. Results We observed no obvious changes in lens size, shape, and biomechanical properties (stiffness and resilience) between the control and nonmuscle myosin IIA-E1841K mutant mice at 2 months of age. Surprisingly, we found misalignment and disorder of fiber cells in heterozygous and homozygous mutant lenses. Further analysis revealed misshapen equatorial epithelial cells that cause disorientation of the meridional rows before fiber cell differentiation in homozygous mutant lenses. Conclusions Our data indicate that nonmuscle myosin IIA bipolar filament assembly is required for the precise alignment of the meridional rows at the lens equator and that the organization of lens fiber cells depends on the proper patterning of meridional row epithelial cells. These data also suggest that lens fiber cell organization and a hexagonal shape are not required for normal lens size, shape transparency, or biomechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia T. Islam
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, United States
| | - Catherine Cheng
- School of Optometry and Vision Science Program, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States
| | - Justin Parreno
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, United States
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States
| | - Velia M. Fowler
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, United States
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States
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Khaliq S. Diagnostic Challenges in Children With Congenital Bleeding Disorders: A Developing Country Perspective. Am J Clin Pathol 2021; 156:1149-1154. [PMID: 34125163 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqab073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the frequency and characteristics of children with inherited bleeding disorders that were initially misdiagnosed, leading to inappropriate disease management. METHODS This study was conducted at the Haematology/Pathology Department of Fauji Foundation Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from August 2014 to August 2018. Children who were diagnosed with an inherited bleeding disorder but did not respond to initial therapy were reevaluated. RESULTS In total, 62 children were diagnosed with a bleeding disorder. Of these, 27 were diagnosed with an inherited bleeding disorder and 35 with an acquired bleeding disorder. Of the 27 children with inherited bleeding disorders, 18% (n = 5) were misdiagnosed and treated inappropriately. The median age of the misdiagnosed patients was 9 years (range, 5-13 years). Three patients with Bernard-Soulier syndrome had been misdiagnosed as having immune thrombocytopenic purpura, 1 patient with von Willebrand disease had been misdiagnosed as having hemophilia A, and 1 patient with haemophilia B had been misdiagnosed as having hemophilia A. CONCLUSIONS There are chances of misdiagnosis and improper or invasive management if comprehensive laboratory evaluation and a thorough clinical evaluation are not performed in children with congenital bleeding disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehar Khaliq
- Foundation University Medical College/Foundation University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Yilmaz Keskin E, Yüceer RO, Başpinar Ş, Okur E, Berdeli A. MYH9-related Disease Caused by an R1165C Mutation in a Child With Previous Diagnosis of Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2021; 43:e1265-e1266. [PMID: 34310475 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000002259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Erdoğan Okur
- Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Süleyman Demirel University Medical Faculty, Isparta
| | - Afig Berdeli
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Ege University Medical Faculty, İzmir, Turkey
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Cenni C, Mansard L, Blanchet C, Baux D, Vaché C, Baudoin C, Moclyn M, Faugère V, Mondain M, Jeziorski E, Roux AF, Willems M. When Familial Hearing Loss Means Genetic Heterogeneity: A Model Case Report. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11091636. [PMID: 34573976 PMCID: PMC8465614 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11091636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe a family with both hearing loss (HL) and thrombocytopenia, caused by pathogenic variants in three genes. The proband was a child with neonatal thrombocytopenia, childhood-onset HL, hyper-laxity and severe myopia. The child’s mother (and some of her relatives) presented with moderate thrombocytopenia and adulthood-onset HL. The child’s father (and some of his relatives) presented with adult-onset HL. An HL panel analysis, completed by whole exome sequencing, was performed in this complex family. We identified three pathogenic variants in three different genes: MYH9, MYO7A and ACTG1. The thrombocytopenia in the child and her mother is explained by the MYH9 variant. The post-lingual HL in the paternal branch is explained by the MYO7A variant, absent in the proband, while the congenital HL of the child is explained by a de novo ACTG1 variant. This family, in which HL segregates, illustrates that multiple genetic conditions coexist in individuals and make patient care more complex than expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Cenni
- Département de Génétique Médicale, Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, CHU Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France;
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, CHU Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34090 Monpellier, France; (L.M.); (D.B.); (C.V.); (C.B.); (M.M.); (V.F.); (A.-F.R.)
| | - Luke Mansard
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, CHU Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34090 Monpellier, France; (L.M.); (D.B.); (C.V.); (C.B.); (M.M.); (V.F.); (A.-F.R.)
| | - Catherine Blanchet
- Service ORL, CHU Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France; (C.B.); (M.M.)
- Centre National de Référence Maladies Rares “Affections Sensorielles Génétiques”, CHU Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - David Baux
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, CHU Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34090 Monpellier, France; (L.M.); (D.B.); (C.V.); (C.B.); (M.M.); (V.F.); (A.-F.R.)
- INM, Université de Montpellier, INSERM U1298, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Christel Vaché
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, CHU Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34090 Monpellier, France; (L.M.); (D.B.); (C.V.); (C.B.); (M.M.); (V.F.); (A.-F.R.)
- INM, Université de Montpellier, INSERM U1298, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Corinne Baudoin
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, CHU Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34090 Monpellier, France; (L.M.); (D.B.); (C.V.); (C.B.); (M.M.); (V.F.); (A.-F.R.)
| | - Mélodie Moclyn
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, CHU Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34090 Monpellier, France; (L.M.); (D.B.); (C.V.); (C.B.); (M.M.); (V.F.); (A.-F.R.)
| | - Valérie Faugère
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, CHU Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34090 Monpellier, France; (L.M.); (D.B.); (C.V.); (C.B.); (M.M.); (V.F.); (A.-F.R.)
| | - Michel Mondain
- Service ORL, CHU Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France; (C.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Eric Jeziorski
- Service de Pédiatrie Générale, Infectiologie et Immunologie Clinique, CHU Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France;
| | - Anne-Françoise Roux
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, CHU Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34090 Monpellier, France; (L.M.); (D.B.); (C.V.); (C.B.); (M.M.); (V.F.); (A.-F.R.)
- INM, Université de Montpellier, INSERM U1298, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Marjolaine Willems
- Département de Génétique Médicale, Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, CHU Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France;
- Correspondence:
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Pan C, Zhang Y, Yang S, Chen C, Wang J, Shi C, Yu Y. A novel MYH9 mutation related to non-syndromic delayed post-lingual sensorineural hearing loss. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2021; 279:2811-2817. [PMID: 34228168 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-021-06976-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hearing loss (HL) is the most common sensory organ dysfunction disease. The cause is often complex, though genetics are the main factor. METHODS In this study, we investigated a Chinese family with non-syndromic delayed post-lingual deafness. Comprehensive data collection was performed on this family's members, including basic information, audiological examinations, blood system examinations and imaging examinations. A pedigree diagram was drawn and the genetic patterns were analyzed. RESULTS A new gene mutation, c.314A>T:p.Y105F in the MYH9 exon, was confirmed by next generation sequencing and Sanger sequencing. This mutation co-segregated with the phenotype in the pedigree. Patients in this family present bilateral symmetry and gradual and delayed high-frequency sensorineural hearing loss. The age of onset was approximately 30 years old. Except for hearing loss, no lesions were seen in other organs, especially the blood system. CONCLUSION The identification and detection of a novel MYH9 mutation may be of great significance to provide the basis for gene function research and genetic consultation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Pan
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yunmei Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Siqi Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chun Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jinxin Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chen Shi
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yafeng Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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A De Novo Mutation in MYH9 in a Child With Severe and Prolonged Macrothrombocytopenia. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2021; 43:e7-e10. [PMID: 32520844 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000001846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Congenital macrothrombocytopenia is a diverse group of hereditary disorders caused by mutations in the MYH9 gene, which encodes the nonmuscle myosin heavy chain-A, an important motor protein in hemopoietic cells. Thus, the term MYH9-related disease has been proposed, but the clinicopathologic basis of MYH9 mutations has been poorly investigated. Here, we report a sporadic case of Epstein syndrome, an MYH9 disorder, in a 4-year-old Chinese boy who presented with macrothrombocytopenia. He had no family history of thrombocytopenia, hearing loss, or renal failure. A de novo heterozygous MYH9 mutation, c.287C>T; p. (Ser96Leu), was found in this patient. Genotype-phenotype analysis of all reported mutations suggested a domain-specific relationship between the location of the MYH9 mutation and the penetrance of the nonhematologic characteristics of MYH9-related disorders. Our study highlights the importance of suspecting MYH9-related disease even in cases of chronic macrothrombocytopenia without a family history or extrahematologic symptoms.
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Wu S, Li H, Wang L, Mak N, Wu X, Ge R, Sun F, Cheng CY. Motor Proteins and Spermatogenesis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1288:131-159. [PMID: 34453735 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-77779-1_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Unlike the intermediate filament- and septin-based cytoskeletons which are apolar structures, the microtubule (MT) and actin cytoskeletons are polarized structures in mammalian cells and tissues including the testis, most notable in Sertoli cells. In the testis, these cytoskeletons that stretch across the epithelium of seminiferous tubules and lay perpendicular to the basement membrane of tunica propria serve as tracks for corresponding motor proteins to support cellular cargo transport. These cargoes include residual bodies, phagosomes, endocytic vesicles and most notably developing spermatocytes and haploid spermatids which lack the ultrastructures of motile cells (e.g., lamellipodia, filopodia). As such, these developing germ cells require the corresponding motor proteins to facilitate their transport across the seminiferous epithelium during the epithelial cycle of spermatogenesis. Due to the polarized natures of these cytoskeletons with distinctive plus (+) and minus (-) end, directional cargo transport can take place based on the use of corresponding actin- or MT-based motor proteins. These include the MT-based minus (-) end directed motor proteins: dyneins, and the plus (+) end directed motor proteins: kinesins, as well as the actin-based motor proteins: myosins, many of which are plus (+) end directed but a few are also minus (-) end directed motor proteins. Recent studies have shown that these motor proteins are essential to support spermatogenesis. In this review, we briefly summarize and evaluate these recent findings so that this information will serve as a helpful guide for future studies and for planning functional experiments to better understand their role mechanistically in supporting spermatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwen Wu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China.,The Mary M. Wohlford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, New York, NY, USA
| | - Huitao Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China.,The Mary M. Wohlford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lingling Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China.,The Mary M. Wohlford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, New York, NY, USA.,Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong University School of Medicine, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Nathan Mak
- The Mary M. Wohlford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xiaolong Wu
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong University School of Medicine, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Renshan Ge
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fei Sun
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital (SRRSH), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - C Yan Cheng
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital (SRRSH), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Abstract
Myosins constitute a superfamily of actin-based molecular motor proteins that mediates a variety of cellular activities including muscle contraction, cell migration, intracellular transport, the formation of membrane projections, cell adhesion, and cell signaling. The 12 myosin classes that are expressed in humans share sequence similarities especially in the N-terminal motor domain; however, their enzymatic activities, regulation, ability to dimerize, binding partners, and cellular functions differ. It is becoming increasingly apparent that defects in myosins are associated with diseases including cardiomyopathies, colitis, glomerulosclerosis, neurological defects, cancer, blindness, and deafness. Here, we review the current state of knowledge regarding myosins and disease.
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14
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Non-Muscle Myosin 2A (NM2A): Structure, Regulation and Function. Cells 2020; 9:cells9071590. [PMID: 32630196 PMCID: PMC7408548 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-muscle myosin 2A (NM2A) is a motor cytoskeletal enzyme with crucial importance from the early stages of development until adulthood. Due to its capacity to convert chemical energy into force, NM2A powers the contraction of the actomyosin cytoskeleton, required for proper cell division, adhesion and migration, among other cellular functions. Although NM2A has been extensively studied, new findings revealed that a lot remains to be discovered concerning its spatiotemporal regulation in the intracellular environment. In recent years, new functions were attributed to NM2A and its activity was associated to a plethora of illnesses, including neurological disorders and infectious diseases. Here, we provide a concise overview on the current knowledge regarding the structure, the function and the regulation of NM2A. In addition, we recapitulate NM2A-associated diseases and discuss its potential as a therapeutic target.
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15
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Identification of a Novel MYH9 Mutation in a Young Adult With Inherited Thrombocytopenia and Recurrent Seizures by Targeted Exome Sequencing. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2020; 42:e188-e192. [PMID: 30720677 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000001430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
May-Hegglin anomaly (MHA) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder caused by a mutation in the myosin heavy chain 9 (MYH9) gene. MHA patients have variable clinical manifestations including thrombocytopenia, renal injury, hearing impairment, and cataracts. We describe a 25-year-old man with isolated thrombocytopenia initially. He experienced recurrent seizures with stable thrombocytopenia after the first seizures related to intracranial hemorrhage. He was identified a novel c.3452C>T mutation by targeted exome sequencing. If a patient with thrombocytopenia shows recurrent seizures as well as renal, hearing, visual symptoms, MHA should be suspected and the targeted exome sequencing is considered an effective diagnostic tool.
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16
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Friedman TB, Belyantseva IA, Frolenkov GI. Myosins and Hearing. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1239:317-330. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-38062-5_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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17
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Zhang W, Lian X, Sun Y, Hao J. A sporadic MYH9-related disease in a Chinese boy with p.A95T mutation. Hematology 2020; 25:34-36. [PMID: 31888422 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2019.1706808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqiang Lian
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifeng Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jihong Hao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
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18
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Two Cases of the MYH9 Disorder Fechtner Syndrome Diagnosed from Observation of Peripheral Blood Cells before End-Stage Renal Failure. Case Rep Nephrol 2019; 2019:5149762. [PMID: 31885961 PMCID: PMC6899327 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5149762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
As a MYH9 disorder, Fechtner syndrome is characterized by nephritis, giant platelets, granulocyte inclusion bodies (Döhle-like bodies), cataract, and sensorineural deafness. Observation of peripheral blood smear for the presence of thrombocytopenia, giant platelets, and granulocyte inclusion bodies (Döhle-like bodies) is highly important for the early diagnosis of MYH9 disorders. In our two cases, sequencing analysis of the MYH9 gene indicated mutations in exon 24. Both cases were diagnosed as the MYH9 disorders Fechtner syndrome before end-stage renal failure on the basis of the observation of peripheral blood smear.
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19
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Bury L, Megy K, Stephens JC, Grassi L, Greene D, Gleadall N, Althaus K, Allsup D, Bariana TK, Bonduel M, Butta NV, Collins P, Curry N, Deevi SVV, Downes K, Duarte D, Elliott K, Falcinelli E, Furie B, Keeling D, Lambert MP, Linger R, Mangles S, Mapeta R, Millar CM, Penkett C, Perry DJ, Stirrups KE, Turro E, Westbury SK, Wu J, BioResource N, Gomez K, Freson K, Ouwehand WH, Gresele P, Simeoni I. Next-generation sequencing for the diagnosis of MYH9-RD: Predicting pathogenic variants. Hum Mutat 2019; 41:277-290. [PMID: 31562665 PMCID: PMC6972977 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The heterogeneous manifestations of MYH9‐related disorder (MYH9‐RD), characterized by macrothrombocytopenia, Döhle‐like inclusion bodies in leukocytes, bleeding of variable severity with, in some cases, ear, eye, kidney, and liver involvement, make the diagnosis for these patients still challenging in clinical practice. We collected phenotypic data and analyzed the genetic variants in more than 3,000 patients with a bleeding or platelet disorder. Patients were enrolled in the BRIDGE‐BPD and ThromboGenomics Projects and their samples processed by high throughput sequencing (HTS). We identified 50 patients with a rare variant in MYH9. All patients had macrothrombocytes and all except two had thrombocytopenia. Some degree of bleeding diathesis was reported in 41 of the 50 patients. Eleven patients presented hearing impairment, three renal failure and two elevated liver enzymes. Among the 28 rare variants identified in MYH9, 12 were novel. HTS was instrumental in diagnosing 23 patients (46%). Our results confirm the clinical heterogeneity of MYH9‐RD and show that, in the presence of an unclassified platelet disorder with macrothrombocytes, MYH9‐RD should always be considered. A HTS‐based strategy is a reliable method to reach a conclusive diagnosis of MYH9‐RD in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loredana Bury
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Karyn Megy
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.,NIHR BioResource - Rare Diseases, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jonathan C Stephens
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.,NIHR BioResource - Rare Diseases, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
| | - Luigi Grassi
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.,NIHR BioResource - Rare Diseases, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
| | - Daniel Greene
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.,NIHR BioResource - Rare Diseases, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Haematology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nick Gleadall
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.,NIHR BioResource - Rare Diseases, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
| | - Karina Althaus
- Institute for Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,Transfusion Medicine, Medical Faculty Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - David Allsup
- Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, York, UK
| | - Tadbir K Bariana
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.,NIHR BioResource - Rare Diseases, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK.,The Katharine Dormandy Haemophilia Centre and Thrombosis Unit, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Mariana Bonduel
- Hematology/Oncology Department, Hospital de Pediatría "Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nora V Butta
- Servicio de Hematología y Hemoterapia Hospital, Universitario La Paz-IDIPaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Peter Collins
- Arthur Bloom Haemophilia Centre, Institute of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, UK
| | - Nicola Curry
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Oxford Haemophilia and Thrombosis Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Sri V V Deevi
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.,NIHR BioResource - Rare Diseases, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kate Downes
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.,NIHR BioResource - Rare Diseases, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
| | - Daniel Duarte
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.,NIHR BioResource - Rare Diseases, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kim Elliott
- Oxford Haemophilia & Thrombosis Centre, Department of Haematology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Churchill Hospital, Oxford and the NIHR BRC, Blood Theme, Oxford Centre for Haematology, Oxford, UK
| | - Emanuela Falcinelli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Bruce Furie
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Michele P Lambert
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Division of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Rachel Linger
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.,NIHR BioResource - Rare Diseases, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sarah Mangles
- Basingstoke and Hampshire Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Rutendo Mapeta
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.,NIHR BioResource - Rare Diseases, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
| | - Carolyn M Millar
- Hampshire Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, UK.,Centre for Haematology, Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College Academic Health Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Christopher Penkett
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.,NIHR BioResource - Rare Diseases, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
| | - David J Perry
- Department of Haematology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kathleen E Stirrups
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.,NIHR BioResource - Rare Diseases, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ernest Turro
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.,NIHR BioResource - Rare Diseases, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK.,Medical Research Council Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge Institute of Public Health, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sarah K Westbury
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - John Wu
- British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Nihr BioResource
- NIHR BioResource, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
| | - Keith Gomez
- Transfusion Medicine, Medical Faculty Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Kathleen Freson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Willem H Ouwehand
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.,NIHR BioResource - Rare Diseases, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK.,NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.,Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paolo Gresele
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Ilenia Simeoni
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.,NIHR BioResource - Rare Diseases, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
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20
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Weatherbee BAT, Barton JR, Siddam AD, Anand D, Lachke SA. Molecular characterization of the human lens epithelium-derived cell line SRA01/04. Exp Eye Res 2019; 188:107787. [PMID: 31479653 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2019.107787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cataract-associated gene discovery in human and animal models have informed on key aspects of human lens development, homeostasis and pathology. Additionally, in vitro models such as the culture of permanent human lens epithelium-derived cell lines (LECs) have also been utilized to understand the molecular biology of lens cells. However, these resources remain uncharacterized, specifically regarding their global gene expression and suitability to model lens cell biology. Therefore, we sought to molecularly characterize gene expression in the human LEC, SRA01/04, which is commonly used in lens studies. We first performed short tandem repeat (STR) analysis and validated SRA01/04 LEC for its human origin, as recommended by the eye research community. Next, we used Illumina HumanHT-12 v3.0 Expression BeadChip arrays to gain insights into the global gene expression profile of SRA01/04. Comparative analysis of SRA01/04 microarray data was performed using other resources such as the lens expression database iSyTE (integrated Systems Tool for Eye gene discovery), the cataract gene database Cat-Map and the published lens literature. This analysis showed that SRA01/04 significantly expresses >40% of the top iSyTE lens-enriched genes (313 out of 749) across different developmental stages. Further, SRA01/04 also significantly expresses ~53% (168 out of 318) of cataract-associated genes in Cat-Map. We also performed comparative gene expression analysis between SRA01/04 cells and the previously validated mouse LEC 21EM15. To gain insight into whether SRA01/04 reflects epithelial or fiber cell characteristics, we compared its gene expression profile to previously reported differentially expressed genes in isolated mouse lens epithelial and fiber cells. This analysis suggests that SRA01/04 has reduced expression of several fiber cell-enriched genes. In agreement with these findings, cell culture analysis demonstrates that SRA01/04 has reduced potential to initiate spontaneous lentoid body formation compared to 21EM15 cells. Next, to independently validate SRA01/04 microarray gene expression, we subjected several candidate genes to RT-PCR and RT-qPCR assays. This analysis demonstrates that SRA01/04 supports expression of many key genes associated with lens development and cataract, including CRYAB, CRYBB2, CRYGS, DKK3, EPHA2, ETV5, GJA1, HSPB1, INPPL1, ITGB1, PAX6, PVRL3, SFRP1, SPARC, TDRD7, and VIM, among others, and therefore can be relevant for understanding the mechanistic basis of these factors. At the same time, SRA01/04 cells do not exhibit robust expression of several genes known to be important to lens biology and cataract such as ALDH1A1, COL4A6, CP, CRYBA4, FOXE3, HMX1, HSF4, MAF, MEIS1, PITX3, PRX, SIX3, and TRPM3, among many others. Therefore, the present study offers a rich transcript-level resource for case-by-case evaluation of the potential advantages and limitations of SRA01/04 cells prior to their use in downstream investigations. In sum, these data show that the human LEC, SRA01/04, exhibits lens epithelial cell-like character reflected in the expression of several lens-enriched and cataract-associated genes, and therefore can be considered as a useful in vitro resource when combined with in vivo studies to gain insight into specific aspects of human lens epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joshua R Barton
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Archana D Siddam
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Deepti Anand
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Salil A Lachke
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA; Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA.
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21
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Smith AS, Pal K, Nowak RB, Demenko A, Zaninetti C, Da Costa L, Favier R, Pecci A, Fowler VM. MYH9-related disease mutations cause abnormal red blood cell morphology through increased myosin-actin binding at the membrane. Am J Hematol 2019; 94:667-677. [PMID: 30916803 PMCID: PMC6510596 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.25472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
MYH9-related disease (MYH9-RD) is a rare, autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutations in MYH9, the gene encoding the actin-activated motor protein non-muscle myosin IIA (NMIIA). MYH9-RD patients suffer from bleeding syndromes, progressive kidney disease, deafness, and/or cataracts, but the impact of MYH9 mutations on other NMIIA-expressing tissues remains unknown. In human red blood cells (RBCs), NMIIA assembles into bipolar filaments and binds to actin filaments (F-actin) in the spectrin-F-actin membrane skeleton to control RBC biconcave disk shape and deformability. Here, we tested the effects of MYH9 mutations in different NMIIA domains (motor, coiled-coil rod, or non-helical tail) on RBC NMIIA function. We found that MYH9-RD does not cause clinically significant anemia and that patient RBCs have normal osmotic deformability as well as normal membrane skeleton composition and micron-scale distribution. However, analysis of complete blood count data and peripheral blood smears revealed reduced hemoglobin content and elongated shapes, respectively, of MYH9-RD RBCs. Patients with mutations in the NMIIA motor domain had the highest numbers of elongated RBCs. Patients with mutations in the motor domain also had elevated association of NMIIA with F-actin at the RBC membrane. Our findings support a central role for motor domain activity in NMIIA regulation of RBC shape and define a new sub-clinical phenotype of MYH9-RD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyson S. Smith
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research
Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Kasturi Pal
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research
Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Roberta B. Nowak
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research
Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Anastasiya Demenko
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research
Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Carlo Zaninetti
- Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS Policlinico San
Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Lydie Da Costa
- AP-HP, Service d’Hématologie Biologique,
Hôpital R. Debré, Paris F-75019, France; Université Paris 7,
Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris F-75010, France; INSERM U1134, INTS, F-75015,
France; Laboratoire d’Excellence GR-Ex, France
| | - Remi Favier
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Armand
Trousseau Children Hospital, French Reference Center for platelet disorders, Paris,
75012, France
| | - Alessandro Pecci
- Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS Policlinico San
Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Velia M. Fowler
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research
Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19711
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22
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Althaus K, Najm J, Haase S, Aul C, Greinacher A, Giagounidis A, Gröpper S. A patient with Fechtner syndrome successfully treated with romiplostim. Thromb Haemost 2017; 107:590-1. [DOI: 10.1160/th11-07-0474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2011] [Accepted: 12/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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23
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Novikova SE, Kurbatov LK, Zavialova MG, Zgoda VG, Archakov AI. [Omics technologies in diagnostics of lung adenocarcinoma]. BIOMEDIT︠S︡INSKAI︠A︡ KHIMII︠A︡ 2017; 63:181-210. [PMID: 28781253 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20176303181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
To date lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) is the most common type of lung cancer. Numerous studies on LAC biology resulted in identification of crucial mutations in protooncogenes and activating neoplastic transformation pathways. Therapeutic approaches that significantly increase the survival rate of patients with LAC of different etiology have been developed and introduced into clinical practice. However, the main problem in the treatment of LAC is early diagnosis, taking into account both factors and mechanisms responsible in tumor initiation and progression. Identification of a wide biomarker repertoire with high specificity and reliability of detection appears to be a solution to this problem. In this context, proteins with differential expression in normal and pathological condition, suitable for detection in biological fluids are the most promising biomarkers. In this review we have analyzed literature data on studies aimed at search of LAC biomarkers. The major attention has been paid to protein biomarkers as the most promising and convenient subject of clinical diagnosis. The review also summarizes existing knowledge on posttranslational modifications, splice variants, isoforms, as well as model systems and transcriptome changes in LAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Novikova
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - L K Kurbatov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - V G Zgoda
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - A I Archakov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
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24
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Bone marrow morphology and disease progression in congenital thrombocytopenia: a detailed clinicopathologic and genetic study of eight cases. Mod Pathol 2017; 30:486-498. [PMID: 28059092 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2016.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Patients with congenital thrombocytopenia have an increased risk of developing myeloid neoplasms. In these cases, the morphologic distinction between disease at baseline and at progression is challenging. This report analyzes clinicopathologic features of congenital thrombocytopenia with long-term follow-up at one referral center. Records from the last 20 years were searched for cases of congenital thrombocytopenia with bone marrow biopsies and peripheral blood smears. The clinical, morphologic, immunophenotypic, and molecular features were analyzed. Six adult and two pediatric patients were identified (six male, two female). Age range at first biopsy was 1-47 (median, 31) years. Underlying diseases included thrombocytopenia-absent radius syndrome, congenital thrombocytopenia with radial-ulnar synostosis, MYH9-related disorder, shortened telomere syndrome, congenital thrombocytopenia with ANKRD26 mutation, and familial platelet disorder with predisposition to acute myeloid leukemia. Four patients had myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm-like marrow changes such as hypercellularity, increased myeloid to erythroid ratio, numerous micromegakaryocytes (highlighted by CD42b), and marrow fibrosis. Two patients had marrow hypoplasia and two had unremarkable marrow morphology. Three patients-all in the myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm-like group-developed disease progression characterized by erythroid and myeloid dysplasia, elevated bone marrow blasts, and new cytogenetic abnormalities. Unlike non-familial myeloid neoplasms, congenital thrombocytopenia patients in the myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm-like group had a long and indolent clinical course (average age at disease progression, 47 years). In summary, three distinct morphologic types of congenital thrombocytopenia were identified: a hyperplastic myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm-like group, a hypoplastic bone marrow failure-like group, and a group with relatively normal marrow morphology. Emergence of cytogenetic abnormalities and dysplasia in non-megakaryocyte lineages correlated with disease progression.
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Biner B, Devecioğlu O, Demir M. Pitfalls in the Diagnosis of Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura in Children: 4 Case Reports. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2016; 13:329-33. [PMID: 17636197 DOI: 10.1177/1076029607302444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura is the most common cause of thrombocytopenia in childhood, and diagnosis of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura is made clinically based on the exclusion of other causes of thrombocytopenia. Patients with diverse causes of thrombocytopenia are sometimes erroneously diagnosed as having idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. However, for the prevention of misdiagnoses, careful inspection of peripheral blood smear is of utmost importance. This report presents 4 cases presumed as acute idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura that were finally identified as pseudothrombocytopenia, inherited macrothrombocytopenia (MHY9 disorders) possibly Epstein syndrome, Bernard-Soulier syndrome, and drug-induced thrombocytopenia. They draw attention to the importance of platelet morphology to exclude inherited macrothrombocytopenia and history to exclude drug-induced thrombocytopenia. Better diagnostic approaches would be possible by the awareness of these relatively rare causes of isolated thrombocytopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betül Biner
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, School of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey.
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A Japanese pedigree with a p.A95V mutation in the MYH9 gene demonstrates inherited macrothrombocytopenia without Alport manifestations. Ann Hematol 2016; 95:831-3. [PMID: 26861218 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-016-2613-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Genotype-phenotype Correlation of the p.R1165C Mutation in the MYH9 Disorder: Report of a Japanese Pedigree. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2015; 37:e352-5. [PMID: 26056797 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000000379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
MYH9 disorder is a rare autosomal dominant disease characterized by congenital thrombocytopenia with giant platelets and leukocyte inclusion bodies and is often associated with Alport-like symptoms, such as glomerulonephritis, sensorineural hearing loss, and cataracts. We report a Japanese pedigree wherein the MYH9 p.R1165C mutation was present in over 4 generations. Three individuals were misdiagnosed as Bernard-Soulier syndrome carriers. Among the 12 patients with abnormal hematological features, the proband's mother, aunt, and grandaunt presented with sensorineural hearing impairment, and the mother presented with presenile cataract, and nephritis. This case report confirms the previously established genotype-phenotype correlations of the MYH9 disorder that p.R1165C is associated with variable expression of nonhematological manifestations. Careful detection of leukocyte inclusion bodies in peripheral blood smears is necessary to prevent misdiagnosis.
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Zhang J, Barbaro P, Guo Y, Alodaib A, Li J, Gold W, Adès L, Keating BJ, Xu X, Teo J, Hakonarson H, Christodoulou J. Utility of next-generation sequencing technologies for the efficient genetic resolution of haematological disorders. Clin Genet 2015; 89:163-72. [PMID: 25703294 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2014] [Revised: 02/01/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has now evolved to be a relatively affordable and efficient means of detecting genetic mutations. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) or whole exome sequencing (WES) offers the opportunity for rapid diagnosis in many paediatric haematological conditions, where phenotypes are variable and either a large number of genes are involved, or the genes are large making sanger sequencing expensive and labour-intensive. NGS offers the potential for gene discovery in patients who do not have mutations in currently known genes. This report shows how WES was used in the diagnosis of six paediatric haematology cases. In four cases (Diamond-Blackfan anaemia, congenital neutropenia (n = 2), and Fanconi anaemia), the diagnosis was suspected based on classical phenotype, and NGS confirmed those suspicions. Mutations in RPS19, ELANE and FANCD2 were found. The final two cases (MYH9 associated macrothrombocytopenia associated with multiple congenital anomalies; atypical juvenile myelomonocytic leukaemia associated with a KRAS mutation) highlight the utility of NGS where the diagnosis is less certain, or where there is an unusual phenotype. We discuss the advantages and limitations of NGS in the setting of these cases, and in haematological conditions more broadly, and discuss where NGS is most efficiently used.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhang
- T-Life Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.,Department of BioMedical Research, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - P Barbaro
- Haematology Department, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia.,Cancer Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, Westmead, Australia
| | - Y Guo
- The Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - A Alodaib
- Genetic Metabolic Disorders Research Unit, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia.,Discipline of Paediatrics & Child Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - J Li
- Department of BioMedical Research, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - W Gold
- Genetic Metabolic Disorders Research Unit, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia.,Discipline of Paediatrics & Child Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - L Adès
- Discipline of Paediatrics & Child Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Clinical Genetics Department, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia.,Discipline of Genetic Medicine, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - B J Keating
- The Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Human Genetics Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - X Xu
- Department of BioMedical Research, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Genomics, Shenzhen, China.,The Guangdong Enterprise Key Laboratory of Human Disease Genomics, Shenzhen, China
| | - J Teo
- Haematology Department, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | - H Hakonarson
- The Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Human Genetics Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - J Christodoulou
- Genetic Metabolic Disorders Research Unit, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia.,Discipline of Paediatrics & Child Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Discipline of Genetic Medicine, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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29
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Terrell AM, Anand D, Smith SF, Dang CA, Waters SM, Pathania M, Beebe DC, Lachke SA. Molecular characterization of mouse lens epithelial cell lines and their suitability to study RNA granules and cataract associated genes. Exp Eye Res 2014; 131:42-55. [PMID: 25530357 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2014.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Revised: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of cytosolic RNA granule (RG) component proteins associated with human cataract has initiated investigations on post-transcriptional mechanisms of gene expression control in the lens. Application of established mouse lens epithelial cell lines (LECs) can provide rapid insights on RG function in lens cells, especially because mouse mutants in several RG components are not available. However, although these LECs represent potential reagents for such analyses, they are uncharacterized for lens gene expression or RG formation. Therefore, a detailed molecular and cellular characterization of three permanent mouse LECs 17EM15, 21EM15 and αTN4 is performed in this study. Comparative analysis between microarray gene expression datasets on LEC 21EM15 and iSyTE lens tissue demonstrates that 30% of top 200 iSyTE identified lens-enriched genes are expressed in these cells. Majority of these candidates are independently validated to either have lens expression, function or linkage to cataract. Moreover, analysis of microarray data with genes described in Cat-Map, an online database of cataract associated genes and loci, demonstrates that 131 genes linked to cataract loci are expressed in 21EM15 cells. Furthermore, gene expression in LECs is compared to isolated lens epithelium or fiber cells by qRT-PCR and by comparative analyses with publically available epithelium or fiber-specific microarray and RNA-seq (sequencing) datasets. Expression of select candidate genes was validated by regular and real-time quantitative RT-PCR. Expression of lens epithelium-enriched genes Foxe3, Pax6, Anxa4 and Mcm4 is up-regulated in LEC lines, compared to isolated lens fiber cells. Moreover, similar to isolated lens epithelium, all three LECs exhibit down-regulation of fiber cell-expressed genes Crybb1, Mip and Prox1 when compared to fiber cells. These data indicate that the LEC lines exhibit greater similarity to lens epithelium than to fiber cells. Compared to non-lens cell line NIH3T3, LECs exhibit significantly enriched expression of transcription factors with important function in the lens, namely Pax6, Foxe3 and Prox1. In addition to these genes, all three LECs also express key lens- and cataract-associated genes, namely Dkk3, Epha2, Hsf4, Jag1, Mab21l1, Meis1, Pknox1, Pou2f1, Sfrp1, Sparc, Tdrd7 and Trpm3. Additionally, 21EM15 microarrays indicate expression of Chmp4b, Cryab and Tcfap2a among others important genes. Immunostaining with makers for Processing bodies (P-bodies) and Stress granules (SGs) demonstrates that these classes of RGs are robustly expressed in all three LECs. Moreover, under conditions of stress, 17EM15 and αTN4 exhibit significantly higher numbers of P-bodies and SGs compared to NIH3T3 cells. In sum, these data indicate that mouse LECs 21EM15, 17EM15 and αTN4 express key lens or cataract genes, are similar to lens epithelium than fiber cells, and exhibit high levels of P-bodies and SGs, indicating their suitability for investigating gene expression control and RG function in lens-derived cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne M Terrell
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Deepti Anand
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Sylvie F Smith
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Christine A Dang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Stephanie M Waters
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Mallika Pathania
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - David C Beebe
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Salil A Lachke
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA; Center for Bioinformatics & Computational Biology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.
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Min S, Ahn H, Park W, Kim J. Successful Renal Transplantation in MYH9-Related Disorder With Severe Macrothrombocytopenia: First Report in Korea. Transplant Proc 2014; 46:654-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2013.11.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Revised: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Saposnik B, Binard S, Fenneteau O, Nurden A, Nurden P, Hurtaud-Roux MF, Schlegel N. Mutation spectrum and genotype-phenotype correlations in a large French cohort of MYH9-Related Disorders. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2014; 2:297-312. [PMID: 25077172 PMCID: PMC4113270 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2013] [Revised: 12/27/2013] [Accepted: 01/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MYH9-Related Disorders are a group of rare autosomal dominant platelet disorders presenting as nonsyndromic forms characterized by macrothrombocytopenia with giant platelets and leukocyte inclusion bodies or as syndromic forms combining these hematological features with deafness and/or nephropathy and/or cataracts. They are caused by mutations in the MYH9 gene encoding the nonmuscle myosin heavy chain II-A (NMMHC-IIA). Until now, at least 49 MYH9 mutations have been reported in isolated cases or small series but only rarely in large series. We report the results of an 8-year study of a large cohort of 109 patients from 37 sporadic cases and 39 unrelated families. We have identified 43 genetic variants, 21 of which are novel to our patients. A majority, 33 (76.7%), were missense mutations and six exons were preferentially targeted, as previously published. The other alterations were three deletions of one nucleotide, one larger deletion of 21 nucleotides, and one duplication. For the first time, a substitution T>A was found in the donor splice site of intron 40 (c.5765+2T>A). Seven patients, four from the same family, had two genetic variants. The analysis of the genotype-phenotype relationships enabled us to improve the knowledge of this heterogeneous but important rare disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Béatrice Saposnik
- Service d'Hématologie Biologique and National Reference Center on Inherited Platelet Disorders, Hôpital Robert-Debré 48 Boulevard Sérurier, 75019, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Binard
- Service d'Hématologie Biologique and National Reference Center on Inherited Platelet Disorders, Hôpital Robert-Debré 48 Boulevard Sérurier, 75019, Paris, France
| | - Odile Fenneteau
- Service d'Hématologie Biologique and National Reference Center on Inherited Platelet Disorders, Hôpital Robert-Debré 48 Boulevard Sérurier, 75019, Paris, France
| | - Alan Nurden
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire LIRYC, Hôpital Xavier Arnozan Pessac, France
| | - Paquita Nurden
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire LIRYC, Hôpital Xavier Arnozan Pessac, France
| | - Marie-Françoise Hurtaud-Roux
- Service d'Hématologie Biologique and National Reference Center on Inherited Platelet Disorders, Hôpital Robert-Debré 48 Boulevard Sérurier, 75019, Paris, France
| | - Nicole Schlegel
- Service d'Hématologie Biologique and National Reference Center on Inherited Platelet Disorders, Hôpital Robert-Debré 48 Boulevard Sérurier, 75019, Paris, France
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32
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Daly ME, Leo VC, Lowe GC, Watson SP, Morgan NV. What is the role of genetic testing in the investigation of patients with suspected platelet function disorders? Br J Haematol 2014; 165:193-203. [DOI: 10.1111/bjh.12751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martina E. Daly
- Department of Cardiovascular Science; University of Sheffield Medical School; University of Sheffield; Sheffield UK
| | - Vincenzo C. Leo
- Department of Cardiovascular Science; University of Sheffield Medical School; University of Sheffield; Sheffield UK
| | - Gillian C. Lowe
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences; School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; College of Medical and Dental Sciences; University of Birmingham; Birmingham UK
| | - Steve P. Watson
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences; School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; College of Medical and Dental Sciences; University of Birmingham; Birmingham UK
| | - Neil V. Morgan
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences; School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; College of Medical and Dental Sciences; University of Birmingham; Birmingham UK
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Sun H, Xing X, Li J, Zhou F, Chen Y, He Y, Li W, Wei G, Chang X, Jia J, Li Y, Xie L. Identification of gene fusions from human lung cancer mass spectrometry data. BMC Genomics 2013; 14 Suppl 8:S5. [PMID: 24564548 PMCID: PMC4042237 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-14-s8-s5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) technology has been applied to identify proteins, as an ultimate approach to confirm the original genome annotation. To be able to identify gene fusion proteins, a special database containing peptides that cross over gene fusion breakpoints is needed. Methods It is impractical to construct a database that includes all possible fusion peptides originated from potential breakpoints. Focusing on 6259 reported and predicted gene fusion pairs from ChimerDB 2.0 and Cancer Gene Census, we for the first time created a database CanProFu that comprehensively annotates fusion peptides formed by exon-exon linkage between these pairing genes. Results Applying this database to mass spectrometry datasets of 40 human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) samples and 39 normal lung samples with stringent searching criteria, we were able to identify 19 unique fusion peptides characterizing gene fusion events. Among them 11 gene fusion events were only found in NSCLC samples. And also, 4 alternative splicing events were characterized in cancerous or normal lung samples. Conclusions The database and workflow in this work can be flexibly applied to other MS/MS based human cancer experiments to detect gene fusions as potential disease biomarkers or drug targets.
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Miura K, Kurihara H, Horita S, Chikamoto H, Hattori M, Harita Y, Tsurumi H, Kajiho Y, Sawada Y, Sasaki S, Igarashi T, Kunishima S, Sekine T. Podocyte expression of nonmuscle myosin heavy chain-IIA decreases in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, especially in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2013; 28:2993-3003. [PMID: 24042022 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gft350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have identified significant associations between the development of idiopathic focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and MYH9 encoding nonmuscle myosin heavy chain-IIA (NMMHC-IIA). However, these studies focused only on the linkage of MYH9 polymorphisms and development of FSGS. There have been no reports on pathological changes of NMMHC-IIA in human glomerular diseases. Here we report on the precise localization of NMMHC-IIA in podocytes and changes in NMMHC-IIA expression in pathological states in rats and humans. METHODS Immunocytochemical (immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy) studies were performed to determine the precise localization of NMMHC-IIA. Expression levels of NMMHC-IIA were investigated in puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN)-treated rats; and expression levels of NMMHC-IIA and other podocyte-related proteins were investigated in glomeruli of patients with idiopathic FSGS and other heavy proteinuric glomerular diseases. RESULTS NMMHC-IIA was located primarily at the cell body and primary processes of podocytes; this localization is distinct from other podocyte-related molecules causing hereditary FSGS. In PAN-treated rat kidneys, expression levels of NMMHC-IIA in podocytes decreased. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that expression levels of NMMHC-IIA markedly decreased in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, especially FSGS, whereas it did not change in other chronic glomerulonephritis showing apparent proteinuria. Changes in NMMHC-IIA expression were observed in glomeruli where expression of nephrin and synaptopodin was maintained. CONCLUSIONS Considering previous genome-wide association studies and development of FSGS in patients with MYH9 mutations, the characteristic localization of NMMHC-IIA and the specific decrease in NMMHC-IIA expression in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, especially FSGS, suggest the important role of NMMHC-IIA in the development of FSGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichiro Miura
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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35
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Sun XH, Wang ZY, Yang HY, Cao LJ, Su J, Yu ZQ, Bai X, Ruan CG. Clinical, pathological, and genetic analysis of ten patients with MYH9-related disease. Acta Haematol 2012. [PMID: 23207509 DOI: 10.1159/000342123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
MYH9-related disease (MYH9-RD) is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutations in the MYH9 gene. It is characterized by a triad of giant platelets, thrombocytopenia, and characteristic Döhle body-like granulocyte inclusions. In this study we report 10 unrelated patients with MYH9-RD in whom the following seven MYH9 gene mutations were found: W33R, p.Q1443_K1445dup, R702H, D1424N, E1841K, R1933X, and E1945X (the first two were novel mutations). The region of the MYH9 mutation determines in some regards the phenotype, but clinical expression can vary between individuals with the same mutation. The neutrophil inclusion bodies of two patients were too small to be detected, but could be found with immunofluorescence staining. Immunoblotting analysis revealed that the calculated NMMHC-IIA/β-actin ratio for MYH9-RD neutrophils was 39% of normal controls. Kidney biopsy showed segmental glomerulosclerosis and NMMHC-IIA expression was decreased in podocytes. This disease is not as rare as originally thought. In any individual with persistent macrothrombocytopenia and no response to corticosteroids and immunosuppressive agents, even if neutrophil inclusions were inconspicuous in routine staining, MYH9-RD should be suspected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong-hua Sun
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Key Lab of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of the Ministry of Health, Suzhou, China
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Abstract
MYH9 mutations cause the inherited macro-thrombocytopenic syndromes of May-Hegglin anomaly, Fechtner syndrome, Sebastian syndrome, and Epstein syndrome, collectively referred to as MYH9-related disease. We present the case of a girl with MYH9-related disease whose diagnosis was facilitated by platelet electron microscopy and MYH9 sequencing. We discuss our patient's clinical presentation, now with 12 years of follow-up. We also discuss management and her possible prognosis given her specific MYH9 mutation.
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MYH9-related disorders: report on a patient of Greek origin presenting with macroscopic hematuria and presenile cataract, caused by an R1165C mutation. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2012; 34:412-5. [PMID: 22627578 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0b013e318257a64b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Myosin heavy chain-9 (MYH9)-related disorders represent a heterogenous group of hereditary diseases caused by mutations in the gene encoding the heavy chain of nonmuscle myosin IIA. May-Hegglin anomaly and Fechtner, Sebastian, and Epstein syndromes are the four phenotypes of the disease, characterized by congenital macrothrombocytopenia and distinguished by different combinations of clinical signs that may include glomerulonephritis, sensorineural hearing loss, and presenile cataract. The spectrum of mutations responsible for the disease is wide and the existence of genotype-phenotype correlation remains a critical issue. We report the first case of an MYH9-RD in a patient of Greek origin presenting with macroscopic hematuria and presenile cataract caused by a p.R1165C mutation. The same mutation was present in the patient's father, who exhibited no extrahematological features of the disease. The p.R1165C mutation is one of the MYH9 alterations whose prognostic significance is still poorly defined. Thus, the patients described add to the limited existing data on the MYH9 mutations and their resultant phenotypes.
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38
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Uyeda T, Echizenya T, Eto S, Ohtani K, Sato T, Takahashi T, Ito E, Yonesaka S, Kunishima S. Adams-Oliver syndrome and familial MYH9 mutation. Pediatr Int 2012; 54:407-9. [PMID: 22631568 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-200x.2011.03466.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomomi Uyeda
- Department of Pediatrics, Hirosaki University School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan.
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Jang MJ, Park HJ, Chong SY, Huh JY, Kim IH, Jang JH, Kim HJ, Oh D. A Trp33Arg mutation at exon 1 of the MYH9 gene in a Korean patient with May-Hegglin anomaly. Yonsei Med J 2012; 53:662-6. [PMID: 22477015 PMCID: PMC3343441 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2012.53.3.662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In this report, we describe a Korean patient with May-Hegglin anomaly from a mutation of the MYH9 gene. The proband was a 21-year-old man with thrombocytopenia. He did not have a bleeding tendency. His neutrophil count was normal at 7490/mm³; however, the neutrophils contained abnormal basophilic inclusions in their cytoplasm. The platelet count was decreased at 15,000/mm³ with giant platelets. Coagulation test results were not remarkable. Direct sequencing of MYH9 revealed that he was heterozygous for a mutation in exon 1, which was a 97T>A substitution mutation affecting codon 33, substituting tryptophan with arginine (Trp33Arg). Family study showed that both of his parents had normal phenotype and genotypes, indicating a de novo occurrence of the mutation in the proband.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon Ju Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Hyun-Jeong Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - So Young Chong
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Ji Young Huh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - In-Ho Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ja-Hyun Jang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Genetics, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee-Jin Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Genetics, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Cardiac and Vascular Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Doyeun Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
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Sanborn KB, Mace EM, Rak GD, Difeo A, Martignetti JA, Pecci A, Bussel JB, Favier R, Orange JS. Phosphorylation of the myosin IIA tailpiece regulates single myosin IIA molecule association with lytic granules to promote NK-cell cytotoxicity. Blood 2011; 118:5862-71. [PMID: 22123909 PMCID: PMC3228501 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2011-03-344846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2011] [Accepted: 08/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate immune lymphocytes that provide critical defense against virally infected and transformed cells. NK-cell cytotoxicity requires the formation of an F-actin rich immunologic synapse (IS), as well as the polarization of perforin-containing lytic granules to the IS and secretion of their contents at the IS. It was reported previously that NK-cell cytotoxicity requires nonmuscle myosin IIA function and that granule-associated myosin IIA mediates the interaction of granules with F-actin at the IS. In the present study, we evaluate the nature of the association of myosin IIA with lytic granules. Using NK cells from patients with mutations in myosin IIA, we found that the nonhelical tailpiece is required for NK-cell cytotoxicity and for the phosphorylation of granule-associated myosin IIA. Ultra-resolution imaging techniques demonstrated that single myosin IIA molecules associate with NK-cell lytic granules via the nonhelical tailpiece. Phosphorylation of myosin IIA at residue serine 1943 (S1943) in the tailpiece is needed for this linkage. This defines a novel mechanism for myosin II function, in which myosin IIA can act as a single-molecule actin motor, claiming granules as cargo through tail-dependent phosphorylation for the execution of a pre-final step in human NK-cell cytotoxicity.
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MESH Headings
- Cell Line
- Cytoplasmic Granules/metabolism
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic/physiology
- Hearing Loss/genetics
- Hearing Loss/immunology
- Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/genetics
- Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/immunology
- Humans
- K562 Cells
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/metabolism
- Killer Cells, Natural/physiology
- Lymphocyte Activation/physiology
- Molecular Motor Proteins/chemistry
- Molecular Motor Proteins/genetics
- Molecular Motor Proteins/metabolism
- Mutation, Missense/physiology
- Myosin Heavy Chains/chemistry
- Myosin Heavy Chains/genetics
- Myosin Heavy Chains/metabolism
- Myosin-Light-Chain Kinase/metabolism
- Nephritis, Hereditary/genetics
- Nephritis, Hereditary/immunology
- Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIA/chemistry
- Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIA/genetics
- Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIA/metabolism
- Phosphorylation/physiology
- Protein Binding
- Protein Structure, Tertiary
- Thrombocytopenia/genetics
- Thrombocytopenia/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Keri B Sanborn
- Immunology Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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41
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Hao J, Kunishima S, Guo X, Hu R, Gao W. A large family with MYH9 disorder caused by E1841K mutation suffering from serious kidney and hearing impairment and cataracts. Ann Hematol 2011; 91:1147-8. [PMID: 22080149 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-011-1370-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2011] [Accepted: 11/02/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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42
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Precipitation of kidney myosin IIA and IIB by freezing. Cell Biol Int 2011; 35:259-66. [PMID: 21080907 DOI: 10.1042/cbi20090397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Actomyosin precipitation is a critical step in the purification of myosins. In this work, the objective was to precipitate rat kidney actomyosin and isolate myosin by freezing and thawing the soluble fraction. Kidney was homogenized in imidazole buffer, centrifuged at 45000 g for 30 min, and the supernatant was frozen at -20°C for 48 h. The supernatant was thawed at 4°C, centrifuged at 45000 g for 30 min and the precipitate washed twice with imidazole buffer pH 7.0 (with and without Triton X-100, respectively). The resulting precipitate presented a polypeptide profile in SDS/PAGE characteristic of actomyosin and expressed Mg- and K/EDTA-ATPase activity. The actomyosin complex was solubilized with ATP and Mg, and the main polypeptide, p200, was purified in a DEAE-Sepharose column. p200 was marked with anti-myosin II, co-sedimented with F-actin in the absence, but not in the presence, of ATP and was identified by MS/MS with a high Mascot score for myosin IIA. The analysis identified peptides exclusive of myosin IIB, but detected no peptides exclusive of myosin IIC.
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43
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Flatland B, Fry MM, Baek SJ, Bahn JH, LeBlanc CJ, Dunlap JR, Carroll RC, Kosiba DJ, Millsaps DJ, Schleis SE. May-Hegglin anomaly in a dog. Vet Clin Pathol 2011; 40:207-14. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-165x.2011.00320.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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44
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Han KH, Lee H, Kang HG, Moon KC, Lee JH, Park YS, Ha IS, Ahn HS, Choi Y, Cheong HI. Renal manifestations of patients with MYH9-related disorders. Pediatr Nephrol 2011; 26:549-55. [PMID: 21210153 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-010-1735-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2010] [Revised: 12/03/2010] [Accepted: 12/03/2010] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
MYH9-related disorders are a group of autosomal, dominantly inherited disorders caused by mutations of the MYH9 gene, which encodes the non-muscle myosin heavy chain IIA (NMMHC-IIA). May-Hegglin anomaly and Sebastian, Fechtner, and Epstein syndromes belong to this group. Macrothrombocytopenia is a common characteristic associated with MYH9-related disorders, and basophilic cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in leukocytes (Döhle-like bodies), deafness, cataracts, and glomerulopathy are also found in some patients. In this study, renal manifestations of 7 unrelated Korean patients with MYH9-related disorders were analyzed. Of a total of 7 patients, 4 had disease-related family histories. One familial case had a mutation in the tail domain of NMMHC-IIA and showed milder renal involvement with preserved renal function by his 30s. Among the 3 familial cases without renal involvement, 2 had mutations in the tail domain of NMMHC-IIA and 1 had a mutation in the motor domain. The remaining 3 sporadic cases had severe renal involvement with rapid progression to end-stage renal disease and mutations located in the motor domain. In summary, mutations in the motor domain of NMMHC-IIA and negative family history were associated with severe renal involvement in patients with MYH9-related disorders. These results are in agreement with those of previous reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Hee Han
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, 101 Daehang-no, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 110-744, South Korea
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45
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Althaus K, Greinacher A. MYH-9 Related Platelet Disorders: Strategies for Management and Diagnosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 37:260-267. [PMID: 21113248 DOI: 10.1159/000320335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2010] [Accepted: 08/19/2010] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
MYH-9 related platelet disorders belong to the group of inherited giant platelet disorders. The MYH-9 gene encodes the non-muscular myosin heavy chain IIA (NMMHCIIA), a cytoskeletal contractile protein. Several mutations in the MYH-9 gene lead to macrothrombocytopenia, and cytoplasmic inclusion bodies within leukocytes, while the number of megakaryocytes in the bone marrow is normal. Four overlapping syndromes, known as May-Hegglin anomaly, Epstein syndrome, Fechtner syndrome and Sebastian platelet syndrome, describe different clinical manifestations of MYH9 gene mutations. Macrothrombocytopenia is present in all affected individuals, whereas only some develop additional clinical manifestations such as renal failure, hearing loss and presenile cataracts. The bleeding tendency is usually moderate, with menorrhagia and easy bruising being most frequent. The biggest risk for the individual is inappropriate treatment due to misdiagnosis of chronic autoimmune thrombocytopenia. More than 30 mutations within the 40 exons of the MYH-9 gene leading to macrothrombocytopenia have been identified, of which the upstream mutations up to amino acid ~1400 are more likely associated with syndromic manifestations than the downstream mutations. Diagnosis is based on identification of the granulocyte inclusion bodies using blood smears and immunofluorescence and is finally confirmed by identifying the mutation. Treatment is supportive and should be aimed to prevent iron deficiency anemia. Beside renal failure, the biggest risk for patients affected by a MYH-9 disorder are the adverse effects resulting form treatment based on the misdiagnosis of immune thrombocytopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Althaus
- Institut für Immunologie und Transfusionsmedizin, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt Universität Greifswald, Germany
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46
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47
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Kaya Z, Kocak U, Perçin F, Kunishima S, Albayrak M, Gursel T, Ozogul C. Paris-Trousseau-type macrothrombocytopenia without 11q deletion. Pediatr Int 2010; 52:e67-71. [PMID: 20500464 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-200x.2010.03043.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zuhre Kaya
- Pediatric Hematology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Medical School of Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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48
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Patients with Epstein-Fechtner syndromes owing to MYH9 R702 mutations develop progressive proteinuric renal disease. Kidney Int 2010; 78:207-14. [PMID: 20200500 DOI: 10.1038/ki.2010.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Recent linkage analyses of nondiabetic African-American patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) have identified MYH9, encoding nonmuscle myosin heavy chain IIA (NMMHC-IIA), as a gene having a critical role in this disease. Abnormalities of the MYH9 locus also underlie rare autosomal dominant diseases such as May-Hegglin anomaly, and Sebastian, Epstein (EPS), and Fechtner (FTNS) syndromes that are characterized by macrothrombocytopenia and cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in granulocytes. Among these diseases, patients with EPS or FTNS develop progressive nephritis and hearing disability. We analyzed clinical features and pathophysiological findings of nine EPS-FTNS patients with MYH9 mutations at the R702 codon hot spot. Most developed proteinuria and/or hematuria in early infancy and had a rapid progression of renal impairment during adolescence. Renal histopathological findings in one patient showed changes compatible with FSGS. The intensity of immunostaining for NMMHC-IIA in podocytes was decreased in this patient compared with control patients. Thus, MYH9 R702 mutations display a strict genotype-phenotype correlation, and lead to the rapid deterioration of podocyte structure. Our results highlight the critical role of NMMHC-IIA in the development of FSGS.
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de Rocco D, Heller PG, Girotto G, Pastore A, Glembotsky AC, Marta RF, Bozzi V, Pecci A, Molinas FC, Savoia A. MYH9 related disease: a novel missense Ala95Asp mutation of the MYH9 gene. Platelets 2010; 20:598-602. [PMID: 19860543 DOI: 10.3109/09537100903349620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
MYH9-related disease (MYH9-RD) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutations in MYH9, the gene encoding the heavy chain of non-muscle myosin IIA. Patients present with congenital macrothrombocytopenia and inclusion bodies in neutrophils and might develop sensorineural deafness, presenile cataract, and/or progressive nephritis leading to end-stage renal failure. In a family with eight individuals suffering from macrothrombocytopenia and hearing impairment we identified a novel c.Ala95Asp mutation. Affecting the motor domain of the protein, the mutation is likely to be associated with a severe phenotype. Therefore, this family should be carefully monitored to follow-up the renal status even though the affected members do not seem to be at risk of early kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela de Rocco
- Medical Genetics, Department of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, University of Trieste, 34137 Trieste, Italy
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50
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Kunishima S, Matsunaga T, Ito Y, Saito H. Mutations in MYH9 exons 1, 16, 26, and 30 are infrequently found in Japanese patients with nonsyndromic deafness. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2010; 13:705-7. [PMID: 19645626 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2009.0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in MYH9 result in the autosomal dominant giant platelet disorders with leukocyte inclusion bodies with varying degrees of Alport manifestations, including nephritis, deafness, and cataracts. A specific MYH9 mutation in exon 16, R705H, causes nonsyndromic deafness DFNA17. We searched for mutations in MYH9 exons 1, 16, 26, and 30 in a total of 157 Japanese patients with nonsyndromic deafness without known cause of hearing loss, but no mutations were found. We conclude that mutations in MYH9 are infrequently found in patients with nonsyndromic deafness and suggest that MYH9 mutations infrequently cause isolated sensorineural hearing loss. Thus, MYH9 may not currently be a good candidate gene for efficient screening of genetic causes in nonsyndromic deafness.
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