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Song X, Duan L, Dong Y. Diagnostic Accuracy of Exosomal Long Noncoding RNAs in Diagnosis of NSCLC: A Meta-Analysis. Mol Diagn Ther 2024; 28:455-468. [PMID: 38837024 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-024-00715-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Globally, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the primary cause of cancer-related mortality, both early and accurate diagnosis are essential for effective treatment and improved patient outcomes. Exosomal noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have emerged as promising biomarkers for NSCLC diagnosis. This meta-analysis aims to assess the diagnostic accuracy of exosomal long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) for diagnosing NSCLC. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify relevant studies that assessed the diagnostic performance of exosomal lncRNAs in NSCLC. Quality assessment and data extraction were performed independently by two reviewers. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, and other relevant diagnostic parameters were calculated using a bivariate random-effects model. Subgroup analyses and meta-regression were conducted to explore potential sources of heterogeneity. RESULTS Sixteen studies, comprising 1843 NSCLC cases and 1298 controls, were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of nine exosomal lncRNAs for diagnosing NSCLC were 0.74 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.69-0.79] and 0.78 (95% CI 0.68-0.85). The pooled area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for fifteen lncRNAs was 0.80 (95% CI 0.768-0.831). Meta-regression could not find any source for interstudy heterogeneity. CONCLUSION Exosomal lncRNAs, particularly AL139294.1, GAS5, LUCAT1, and SOX2-OT, have excellent diagnostic accuracy and promising diagnostic potential in NSCLC. Therefore, they can be used as diagnostic tools for early detection of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Song
- Lung Disease Department, Yantai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yantai, 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Linlin Duan
- Blood Disease Department, Yantai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yantai, 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Yongshuai Dong
- General Surgery, Yantai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yantai, 264000, Shandong, China.
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2
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Bakinowska E, Kiełbowski K, Skórka P, Dach A, Olejnik-Wojciechowska J, Szwedkowicz A, Pawlik A. Non-Coding RNA as Biomarkers and Their Role in the Pathogenesis of Gastric Cancer-A Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5144. [PMID: 38791187 PMCID: PMC11121563 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) represent a broad family of molecules that regulate gene expression, including microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs, amongst others. Dysregulated expression of ncRNAs alters gene expression, which is implicated in the pathogenesis of several malignancies and inflammatory diseases. Gastric cancer is the fifth most frequently diagnosed cancer and the fourth most common cause of cancer-related death. Studies have found that altered expression of ncRNAs may contribute to tumourigenesis through regulating proliferation, apoptosis, drug resistance and metastasis. This review describes the potential use of ncRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Moreover, we discuss the involvement of ncRNAs in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer, including their interactions with the members of major signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Andrzej Pawlik
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (E.B.); (K.K.); (P.S.); (A.D.); (J.O.-W.); (A.S.)
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3
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Saeinasab M, Atlasi Y, M Matin M. Functional role of lncRNAs in gastrointestinal malignancies: the peculiar case of small nucleolar RNA host gene family. FEBS J 2024; 291:1353-1385. [PMID: 36282516 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in normal physiology and are often de-regulated in disease states such as cancer. Recently, a class of lncRNAs referred to as the small nucleolar RNA host gene (SNHG) family have emerged as important players in tumourigenesis. Here, we discuss new findings describing the role of SNHGs in gastrointestinal tumours and summarize the three main functions by which these lncRNAs promote carcinogenesis, namely: competing with endogenous RNAs, modulating protein function, and regulating epigenetic marking. Furthermore, we discuss how SNHGs participate in different hallmarks of cancer, and how this class of lncRNAs may serve as potential biomarkers in cancer diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morvarid Saeinasab
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran
| | - Yaser Atlasi
- Patrick G. Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, UK
| | - Maryam M Matin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran
- Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran
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4
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Chang M, Li D, Su L, Ding C, Lu Z, Gao H, Sun F. Nephroblastoma-specific dysregulated gene SNHG15 with prognostic significance: scRNA-Seq with bulk RNA-Seq data and experimental validation. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:87. [PMID: 38526609 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-00946-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Wilms tumor (WT) is the most common malignancy of the genitourinary system in children. Currently, the Integration of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) and Bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) analysis of heterogeneity between different cell types in pediatric WT tissues could more accurately find prognostic markers, but this is lacking. RNA-Seq and clinical data related to WT were downloaded from the Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET) database. Small nucleolar RNA host gene 15 (SNHG15) was identified as a risk signature from the TARGET dataset by using weighted gene co-expression network analysis, differentially expressed analysis and univariate Cox analysis. After that, the functional mechanisms, immunological and molecular characterization of SNHG15 were investigated at the scRNA-seq, pan-cancer, and RNA-seq levels using Gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), ESTIMATE, and CIBERSORT. Based on scRNA-seq data, we identified 20 clusters in WT and annotated 10 cell types. Integration of single-cell and spatial data mapped ligand-receptor networks to specific cell types, revealing M2 macrophages as hubs for intercellular communication. In addition, in vitro cellular experiments showed that siRNAs interfering with SNHG15 significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of G401 cells and promoted the apoptosis of G401 cells compared with the control group. The effect of siRNAs interfering with SNHG15 on EMT-related protein expression was verified by Western blotting assay. Thus, our findings will improve our current understanding of the pathogenesis of WT, and they are potentially valuable in providing novel prognosis markers for the treatment of WT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Chang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ding Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Li Su
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chen Ding
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhiyi Lu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hongjie Gao
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Fengyin Sun
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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5
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Raei N, Yazdanbod A, Latifi-Navid S, Safaralizadeh R. Diagnostic value of long noncoding RNA SNHG15 in gastric cancer: in vitro and in silico studies. NUCLEOSIDES, NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38386862 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2024.2320224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
LncRNA SNHG15 has been recognized as the main factor in the progression of various cancer types. However, the underlying mechanisms are not well clarified. This research aimed to explore the diagnostic potential of SNHG15 in gastric cancer (GC) patients and also the effects of SNHG15-miRNA-mRNA network in GC pathobiology. The expression level of SNHG15 in GC tissues and adjacent normal tissues (ANTs) was evaluated by qRT-PCR and also considered in relation to clinicopathologic factors. The ROC curve was explored to consider the specificity and sensitivity of SNHG15. Gene ontology functional annotation and KEGG pathway analysis were performed in order to predict the effects of SNHG15-miRNA-mRNA network in GC pathobiology. SNHG15 was overexpressed in GC tissues compared to ANTs (fold change= 3.87 and P-value = 0.0022). The SNHG15 expression level was not significantly associated with clinicopathologic factors. ROC curve indicated the specificity of 63.51 and sensitivity of 79.73 and the AUC of 0.744 (P-value < 0.0001). Further gene network analysis revealed that SNHG15 interacts with has-miR-613, has-miR-542-3p, and has-miR-1236-3p, and may be involved in the GC pathobiology by affecting the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance, HIF-1 signaling pathway, and VEGF signaling pathway. It can be concluded that SNHG15 may be a diagnostic factor in GC and may contribute in a variety of cancer-related signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin Raei
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Abbas Yazdanbod
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Saeid Latifi-Navid
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Reza Safaralizadeh
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
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6
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Saeinasab M, Iranpour S, Hosseini-Giv N, Saljooghi AS, Matin MM. Tumor-targeted delivery of SNHG15 siRNA using a ZIF-8 nanoplatform: Towards a more effective prostate cancer therapy. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129233. [PMID: 38184035 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) can be used as a powerful tool in gene therapy to downregulate the expression of specific disease related genes. Some properties however, such as instability, and low penetration into cells can limit their efficacy, and thus reduce their therapeutic potential. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) such as zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8), which consist of organic bridging ligands and metal cations (Zn), have a very high binding affinity with nucleic acids including siRNAs. In this study, we designed a PEGylated ZIF-8 platform that was equipped with epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) aptamer for the targeted delivery of siRNA molecules, in order to knockdown SNHG15 in both a prostate cancer (PC) cell line, and a human PC xenograft mouse model. SNHG15 is a long noncoding RNA, with oncogenic roles in different cancers including PC. The results indicated that the depletion of SNHG15 by Apt-PEG-siRNA@ZIF-8 nanoplatfrom inhibited cell proliferation and colony formation, and increased apoptosis in PC cells. This nanoparticle facilitated the release of siRNAs into the tumor environment in vivo, and subsequently reduced the tumor growth, with no side effects observed in vital organs. We have therefore developed a novel siRNA nano-delivery system for targeted prostate cancer treatment; however further studies are required before it can be tested in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morvarid Saeinasab
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sonia Iranpour
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Niloufar Hosseini-Giv
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Sh Saljooghi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran; Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam M Matin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran; Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
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7
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Huldani H, Gandla K, Asiri M, Romero-Parra RM, Alsalamy A, Hjazi A, Najm MAA, Fawaz A, Hussien BM, Singh R. A comprehensive insight into the role of small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) and SNHGs in human cancers. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 249:154679. [PMID: 37567032 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which comprise most non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), have recently become a focus of cancer research. How many functional ncRNAs exist is still a matter of debate. Although insufficient evidence supports that most lncRNAs function as transcriptional by-products, it is widely known that an increasing number of lncRNAs play essential roles in cells. Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs), 60-300 nucleotides in length, have been better studied than long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and are predominantly present in the nucleolus. Most snoRNAs are encoded in introns of protein- and non-protein-coding genes called small nucleolar RNA host genes (SNHGs). In this article, we explore the biology and characteristics of SNHGs and their role in developing human malignancies. In addition, we provide an update on the ability of these snoRNAs to serve as prognostic and diagnostic variables in various forms of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huldani Huldani
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan, Indonesia
| | - Kumaraswamy Gandla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Chaitanya Deemed to be University, Hanamkonda, India.
| | - Mohammed Asiri
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ali Alsalamy
- College of Medical Technology, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Al-Muthanna 66002, Iraq
| | - Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazin A A Najm
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq
| | - Albab Fawaz
- Medical Technical College, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Beneen M Hussien
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Rajesh Singh
- Uttaranchal Institute of Technology, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, India
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8
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Chen D, Zhang Z, Lu X, Yang X. Long non-coding RNA SNHG15 regulates cardiomyocyte apoptosis after hypoxia/reperfusion injury via modulating miR-188-5p/PTEN axis. Arch Physiol Biochem 2023; 129:283-290. [PMID: 32970504 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1819336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays the most effective way to cure myocardial infarction (MI) is reperfusion, which inevitably leads to cardiomyocyte apoptosis. In this study, we discussed the functions of SNHG15 in regulating cardiomyocyte apoptosis through the modulation of miR-188-5p/PTEN axis. We examined the links between SNHG15 and miR-188-5p/PTEN in mice with MI. Extensive experiments, measurements and comparisons were performed, including RT-PCR, western blotting, luciferase reporter assay, flow cytometry analysis etc. Through a series of comparisons and analysis, we discovered that SNHG15 could interact with the miR-188-5p/PTEN axis and impact the cellular physiology of cardiomyocyte apoptosis. PTEN was upregulated in hypoxia cells, but this effect was attenuated by miR-188-5p. MiR-188-5p could combine with SNHG15 and PTEN, and form a SNHG15-miR-188-5p-PTEN axis, which regulated the apoptosis of MCs. These results suggest that LncRNA SNHG15 regulates cardiomyocyte apoptosis induced by hypoxia or reperfusion injury through modulating of miR-188-5p/PTEN axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dapeng Chen
- Heart Center, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, PR China
| | - Zhengjun Zhang
- Heart Center, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, PR China
| | - Xiaorui Lu
- Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular, Ningxia Yongning County People's Hospital, Ningxia, PR China
| | - Xinbin Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular, Ningxia Yongning County People's Hospital, Ningxia, PR China
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9
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Zhang N, Lei T, Xu T, Zou X, Wang Z. Long noncoding RNA SNHG15: A promising target in human cancers. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1108564. [PMID: 37056344 PMCID: PMC10086267 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1108564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
As oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes, lncRNAs played an important role in tumorigenesis and the progression of human cancers. The lncRNA SNHG15 has recently been revealed to be dysregulated in malignant tumors, suggesting the aberrant expression of which contributes to clinical features and regulates various oncogenic processes. We have selected extensive literature focused on SNHG15 from electronic databases, including studies relevant to its clinical significance and the critical events in cancer-related processes such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, metastasis, and drug resistance. This review summarized the current understanding of SNHG15 in cancer, mainly focusing on the pathological features, known biological functions, and underlying molecular mechanisms. Furthermore, SNHG15 has been well-documented to be an effective diagnostic and prognostic marker for tumors, offering novel therapeutic interventions in specific subsets of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niu Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tianyao Lei
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tianwei Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoteng Zou
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhaoxia Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- *Correspondence: Zhaoxia Wang,
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10
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Zhu M, Xiang H, Peng Z, Ma Z, Shen J, Wang T, Chen L, Cao D, Gu S, Wang M, Cao J. Silencing the expression of lncRNA SNHG15 may be a novel therapeutic approach in human breast cancer through regulating miR-345-5p. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:1173. [PMID: 36467335 PMCID: PMC9708471 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-5275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) short nucleolar RNA host gene 15 (SNHG15) has been found to have an oncogenic function in numerous malignancies. Nevertheless, the biological function and regulatory mechanisms of SNHG15 in breast cancer have not been fully elucidated. METHODS Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of SNHG15 and in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. The expression of SNHG15 was silenced using small interfering RNA (siRNA) technology. The proliferation and migration of the cells were examined by colony formation assays, cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) assays, and transwell assays. For the zebrafish xenograft injection experiments, cultured cells labelled with the fluorescent dye CM-DiI were injected into the perivitelline space of the larvae. RESULTS This present study revealed that the expression of lncRNA SNHG15 (lnc-SNHG15) was significantly upregulated in breast cancer cells, and its overexpression was associated with the tumor. The relative expression of lnc-SNHG15 could be downregulated using siRNAs, and silencing lnc-SNHG15 inhibited the proliferation and the migration of MDA-MB-231 cells. In vivo experiments using the zebrafish xenograft model showed similar results. Mechanistically, the knockdown effect of lnc-SNHG15 could be restored by inhibiting the expression of the miR-345-5p, confirming the negative regulation between lnc-SNHG15 and miR-345-5p. Interestingly, cisplatin treatment combined with SNHG15 knockdown effectively inhibited MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation and migration in the zebrafish xenograft compared to negative controls. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, lnc-SNHG15 knockdown increased miR-345-5p expression and negated cisplatin resistance in breast cancer cells, and thus, lnc-SNHG15 may be a potential novel target for breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minshu Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Techniques & Rapid Rehabilitation of Digestive System Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Linhai, China
| | - Haifei Xiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Techniques & Rapid Rehabilitation of Digestive System Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Linhai, China
| | - Zheng Peng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Zhaosheng Ma
- Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Techniques & Rapid Rehabilitation of Digestive System Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Linhai, China
| | - Jianfei Shen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Lingyang Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Donghang Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Shanye Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Mingcang Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Techniques & Rapid Rehabilitation of Digestive System Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Linhai, China
| | - Jianbin Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Techniques & Rapid Rehabilitation of Digestive System Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Linhai, China
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11
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The Role of SNHG15 in the Pathogenesis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12050753. [PMID: 35629174 PMCID: PMC9145272 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12050753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts of more than 200 nucleotides which cannot be translated into proteins. Small nucleolar RNA host gene 15 (SNHG15) is a lncRNA whose dysregulation has been found to have an important impact on carcinogenesis and affect the prognosis of cancer patients in various cancer types. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers with a poor long-term prognosis, while the best prognostic factor of the disease is its early diagnosis and surgery. Consequently, the investigation of the mechanisms of hepatocarcinogenesis, as well as the discovery of efficient molecular markers and therapeutic targets are of great significance. An extensive literature search was performed in MEDLINE in order to identify clinical studies that tried to reveal the role of SNHG15 in HCC. We used keywords such as ‘HCC’, ‘hepatocellular carcinoma’, ‘SNHG15’ and ‘clinical study’. Finally, we included four studies written in English, published during the period 2016–2021. It was revealed that SNHG15 is related to the appearance of HCC via different routes and its over-expression affects the overall survival of the patients. More assays are required in order to clarify the potential role of SNHG15 as a prognostic tool and therapeutic target in HCC.
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12
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Olabayo Olatubosun M, Abubakar MB, Batiha GES, Malami I, Ibrahim KG, Abubakar B, Bello MB, Alexiou A, Imam MU. LncRNA SNHG15: A potential therapeutic target in the treatment of colorectal cancer. Chem Biol Drug Des 2022; 101:1138-1150. [PMID: 35191201 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The global burden of colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasing annually. CRC could develop from genetic and phenotypic factors involving changes in gene expression. Incredibly, the human genome transcribes into non-coding RNAs, among which long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) signify the most crucial part of the transcriptome in multicellular organisms. lncRNAs affect gene expression at multiple levels, from transcription to protein localization and stability. Recent studies have implicated lncRNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 15 (SNHG15) in cancers occurrence and progression. Previously, an indication suggests SNHG15 overexpression triggers proliferation, metastasis, and impedes apoptosis in CRC. Further, through its activity of binding micro-RNAs, lncRNA SNHG15 modulates genes associated with CRC progression and promotes CRC resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs. Here we reviewed recent findings on the various mechanisms and roles of lncRNA SNHG15 implicated in CRC tumorigenesis. We further highlight how SNHG15 plays a vital role in regulating critical pathways linked to the development and progression of CRC. Finally, we highlight how SNHG15 can be modulated for CRC treatments and the various therapeutic strategies to be implored when targeting SNHG15 in the context of CRC treatments. Findings from these studies present SNHG15 as a potential therapeutic target for preventing and treating CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mutolib Olabayo Olatubosun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, P.M.B 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria.,Centre for Advanced Medical Research and Training, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, P.M.B. 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Murtala Bello Abubakar
- Centre for Advanced Medical Research and Training, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, P.M.B. 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, P.M.B, 2254, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim Malami
- Centre for Advanced Medical Research and Training, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, P.M.B. 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria.,Department of Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, P.M.B 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Kasimu Ghandi Ibrahim
- Centre for Advanced Medical Research and Training, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, P.M.B. 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, P.M.B, 2254, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Bilyaminu Abubakar
- Centre for Advanced Medical Research and Training, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, P.M.B. 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, P.M.B 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Muhammad Bashir Bello
- Centre for Advanced Medical Research and Training, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, P.M.B. 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria.,Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, P.M.B. 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Athanasios Alexiou
- Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, Australia.,AFNP Med Austria, Wien, Austria
| | - Mustapha Umar Imam
- Centre for Advanced Medical Research and Training, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, P.M.B. 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria.,Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, P.M.B, 2254, Sokoto, Nigeria
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lncRNA SNHG15 Induced by SOX12 Promotes the Tumorigenic Properties and Chemoresistance in Cervical Cancer via the miR-4735-3p/HIF1a Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:8548461. [PMID: 35069980 PMCID: PMC8769851 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8548461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the most common malignancies in females, with high prevalence and mortality globally. Despite advances in diagnosis and therapeutic strategies developed in recent years, CC is still a major health burden worldwide. The molecular mechanisms underlying the development of CC need to be understood. In this study, we aimed to demonstrate the role of lncRNA SNHG15 in CC progression. Using qRT-PCR, we determined that lncRNA SNHG15 is highly expressed in CC tumor tissues and cells. lncRNA SNHG15 knockdown also reduces the tumorigenic properties of CC in vitro, as determined using the MTT, EdU, flow cytometry, and transwell assays. Using bioinformatics analysis, RNA pull-down, ChIP, and luciferase reporter assays, we verified the molecular mechanisms of lncRNA SNHG15 in CC progression and found that lncRNA SNHG15 expression in CC cells is transcriptionally regulated by SOX12; moreover, lncRNA SNHG15 promotes CC progression via the miR-4735-3p/HIF1a axis. This study can provide a potential target for CC diagnosis or therapeutic strategies in the future.
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14
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Yang Y, Chen S, Li P, Jing Y, Cheng B, Hu Y, Zheng Q, Wang C. PFOI stimulates the motility of T24 bladder cancer cells: Possible involvement and activation of lncRNA malat1. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 287:131967. [PMID: 34438215 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorinated iodine alkanes (PFIs) can serve as an important raw materials for the synthesis of various perfluorinated chemical products through telomerization reaction. The estrogenic effects of PFIs have been reported previously by some in vitro and in vivo screening assays. To explore the potential epigenetic toxicity of PFIs, activation of lncRNAs was screened, and the cell motility changes induced by perfluorooctyl iodide (PFOI) were analyzed in this study. High metastatic bladder cell line (T24) was used to investigate the cellular migration function affected by PFOI. PFOI exposure significantly induced the upregulation of lncRNA anril, thorlnc, hotairm1, meg3, and malat1. The migration and invasion of T24 cells were also enhanced upon PFOI exposure. The transcription level of matrix metalloenzyme genes, epidermal growth factors, cytoskeleton genes, and the upstream factors involved in cell motility pathways were examined to illustrate possible mechanisms. Additionally, the basic role of malat1 in cellular motility was investigated by lncRNA knockdown and migration assays. The knockdown of malat1 inhibited the cellular motility induced by PFOI. The levels of MMP-2/-9 genes were also down-regulated by the treatment of si-malat1. Overall, the perturbation of cytoskeleton genes (E-cadherin/N-cadherin) may account for the impact on the motility of T24 cells. Our studies indicate that perfluorinated chemicals might regulate the lncRNAs, thus promoting the metastasis of the tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China; School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430025, China
| | - Siyi Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
| | - Pingdeng Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China; School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430025, China
| | - Yingwei Jing
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China; School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430025, China
| | - Bo Cheng
- School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430025, China
| | - Yeli Hu
- School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430025, China
| | - Qi Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
| | - Chang Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China.
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15
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Saliani M, Mirzaiebadizi A, Mosaddeghzadeh N, Ahmadian MR. RHO GTPase-Related Long Noncoding RNAs in Human Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5386. [PMID: 34771549 PMCID: PMC8582479 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13215386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
RHO GTPases are critical signal transducers that regulate cell adhesion, polarity, and migration through multiple signaling pathways. While all these cellular processes are crucial for the maintenance of normal cell homeostasis, disturbances in RHO GTPase-associated signaling pathways contribute to different human diseases, including many malignancies. Several members of the RHO GTPase family are frequently upregulated in human tumors. Abnormal gene regulation confirms the pivotal role of lncRNAs as critical gene regulators, and thus, they could potentially act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. lncRNAs most likely act as sponges for miRNAs, which are known to be dysregulated in various cancers. In this regard, the significant role of miRNAs targeting RHO GTPases supports the view that the aberrant expression of lncRNAs may reciprocally change the intensity of RHO GTPase-associated signaling pathways. In this review article, we summarize recent advances in lncRNA research, with a specific focus on their sponge effects on RHO GTPase-targeting miRNAs to crucially mediate gene expression in different cancer cell types and tissues. We will focus in particular on five members of the RHO GTPase family, including RHOA, RHOB, RHOC, RAC1, and CDC42, to illustrate the role of lncRNAs in cancer progression. A deeper understanding of the widespread dysregulation of lncRNAs is of fundamental importance for confirmation of their contribution to RHO GTPase-dependent carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Saliani
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 9177948974, Iran
| | - Amin Mirzaiebadizi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Niloufar Mosaddeghzadeh
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Mohammad Reza Ahmadian
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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Liu B, Liu Y, Zou J, Zou M, Cheng Z. Smoking is Associated with Lung Adenocarcinoma and Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma Progression through Inducing Distinguishing lncRNA Alterations in Different Genders. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 22:1541-1550. [PMID: 34315392 DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666210727115147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smoking participates in pathogenesis of lung cancer. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play some specific roles during development of lung cancers. OBJECTIVE To investigate effects of smoking on lncRNA alterations in lung cancer. METHODS There are 522 lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and 504 lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) participants. Clinical and lncRNA genetic data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. LncRNA alterations were analyzed in lung cancer patients. Smoking category and packs were evaluated. Correlations between smoking and LncRNA alterations were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to determine overall survival and disease free survival. RESULTS There are more non-smokers in LUSC than in LUAD. In both LUAD and LUSC, smoking could increase total mutation counts and fraction of copy number alterations. Smoking index positively correlated with total mutations in LUAD, but not in LUSC. Smoking could trigger lncRNA alterations both in LUAD and LUSC. Smoking regulated different lncRNA between male and female. EXOC3-AS1 and LINC00603 alterations were positively correlated with smoking index in male LUAD smokers. In female LUAD smokers, smoking index was positively correlated with SNHG15, TP53TG1 and LINC01600 and negatively with LINC00609 and PTCSC3. In both male and female LUSC patients, smoking increased or decreased several lncRNA alterations. DGCR5 alteration increased in male LUSC than in female LUSC patients. In female LUSC patients, LOH12CR2 alteration was positively correlated with smoking index. CONCLUSIONS Smoking promoted LUAD and LUSC development by affecting different lncRNA alterations in different genders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jingfeng Zou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Menglin Zou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Zhenshun Cheng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
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17
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Yu Y, Zhao Y, Wang C, Zhang X, Liu X. Long noncoding RNAs as diagnostic biomarkers for the early detection of digestive tract cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE ENFERMEDADES DIGESTIVAS 2021; 112:797-804. [PMID: 32338027 DOI: 10.17235/reed.2020.5450/2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have attracted attention recently. However, many inconsistencies frequently appeared for the early diagnosis of digestive tract cancers (DTCs). We performed this meta-analysis to describe the diagnostic performance of lncRNAs in the discrimination of DTCs. METHODS data were extracted from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library. Their quality was evaluated using the revised Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2). Such parameters as sensitivity and specificity were included for pooled analyses. The STATA 12.0 and Meta-Disc 1.4 software packages were used to perform the statistical analysis. RESULTS sixty-nine papers were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled analysis of DTCs showed that lncRNAs had a sensitivity of 0.78 and a specificity of 0.80. The area under the summary ROC curve (AUC) was 0.86. For gastric cancer (GC), the pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.77 (95 % CI: 0.72-0.81) and 0.75 (95 % CI: 0.71-0.79), respectively, and the AUC was 0.83. For colorectal cancer (CRC), these three parameters were 0.82 (95 % CI: 0.76-0.86), 0.84 (95 % CI: 0.79-0.88), and 0.90, respectively. For esophageal cancer (EC) sensitivity was 0.74 (95 % CI: 0.67-0.80) and specificity reached 0.86 (95 % CI: 0.72-0.93), with an AUC of 0.82. CONCLUSIONS LncRNAs show potential diagnostic value for discrimination between DTCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghui Yu
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, China
| | - Yinlong Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, the 2nd Hospital of Jilin University, China
| | - Chunpeng Wang
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Northeast Normal University, China
| | | | - Xin Liu
- School of Public Health, Jilin University,
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Swaminathan G, Shigna A, Kumar A, Byroju VV, Durgempudi VR, Dinesh Kumar L. RNA Interference and Nanotechnology: A Promising Alliance for Next Generation Cancer Therapeutics. FRONTIERS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2021.694838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a significant health hazard of the 21st century, and GLOBOCAN predicts increasing cancer incidence in the coming decades. Though several conventional treatment modalities exist, most of them end up causing off-target and debilitating effects, and drug resistance acquisition. Advances in our understanding of tumor molecular biology offer alternative strategies for precise, robust, and potentially less toxic treatment paradigms for circumventing the disease at the cellular and molecular level. Several deregulated molecules associated with tumorigenesis have been developed as targets in RNA interference (RNAi) based cancer therapeutics. RNAi, a post-transcriptional gene regulation mechanism, has significantly gained attention because of its precise multi-targeted gene silencing. Although the RNAi approach is favorable, the direct administration of small oligonucleotides has not been fruitful because of their inherent lower half-lives and instability in the biological systems. Moreover, the lack of an appropriate delivery system to the primary site of the tumor that helps determine the potency of the drug and its reach, has limited the effective medical utilization of these bio-drugs. Nanotechnology, with its unique characteristics of enhanced permeation and better tumor-targeting efficiency, offers promising solutions owing to the various possibilities and amenability for modifications of the nanoparticles to augment cancer therapeutics. Nanoparticles could be made multimodal, by designing and synthesizing multiple desired functionalities, often resulting in unique and potentially applicable biological structures. A small number of Phase I clinical trials with systemically administered siRNA molecules conjugated with nanoparticles have been completed and the results are promising, indicating that, these new combinatorial therapies can successfully and safely be used to inhibit target genes in cancer patients to alleviate some of the disease burden. In this review, we highlight different types of nano-based delivery strategies for engineering Nano-RNAi-based bio drugs. Furthermore, we have highlighted the insights gained from current research that are entering the preclinical evaluation and information about initial clinical developments, shaping the future for next generation cancer therapeutics.
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High lncSNHG15 expression may predict poor cancer prognosis: a meta-analysis based on the PRISMA and the bio-informatics analysis. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:225716. [PMID: 32633324 PMCID: PMC7369394 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20194468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: SNHG15 has been reported to be aberrantly expressed in various tumor tissues and could serve as a promising prognostic cancer biomarker. Previous studies on SNHG15 yielded inconsistent results with insufficient sampling. Here, a meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the prognostic value of SNHG15 in multiple cancers. Methods: Relevant studies were retrieved from six electronic databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Embase, Web of Science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). Fifteen publications comprising 1318 patients were included. The publication bias was identified by the Begg’s Test, and the sensitivity analysis was also performed. Results: The results demonstrated a positive correlation between high expression level of lncSNHG15 and short overall survival (hazard ratio (HR) = 2.07, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.48–2.88; P<0.0001) and disease-free survival (DFS) (HR = 2.32, 95% CI, 1.53–3.53; P<0.0001). The analysis based on different cancer types showed that SNHG15 had the most prominent prognostic potential in Glioma (HR = 3.81; 95% CI, 0.84–42.69; P=0.28). Moreover, the high expression level of lncSNHG15 indicated advanced TNM stage (OR = 2.52; 95% CI, 1.33–4.76; P=0.00001), lymph node metastasis (OR = 2.41, 95% CI, 0.99–4.81; P=0.05), bigger tumor size (OR = 2.06; 95% CI, 1.03–4.13; P=0.04) and poor histological grade (OR = 2.62, 95% CI, 1.90–3.59; P<0.00001), yet no association with distant metastasis (OR = 1.64, 95% CI, 0.40–6.74; P=0.49), age (OR = 0.98, 95% CI, 0.78–1.22; P=0.84) and gender (OR = 0.9, 95% CI, 0.71–1.14; P=0.3838) was found. Its conclusions further confirmed by exploring TCGA databases. Conclusion: It revealed that lncSNHG15 might be a promising prognostic biomarker of multiple cancer types, especially in Glioma.
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Ming H, Li B, Zhou L, Goel A, Huang C. Long non-coding RNAs and cancer metastasis: Molecular basis and therapeutic implications. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1875:188519. [PMID: 33548345 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis, defined by the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) of tumor cells, disseminates from the primary site to progressively colonize in distant tissues, and accounts for most cancer-associated deaths. However, studies on the molecular basis of cancer metastasis are still in their infancy. Besides genetic mutations, accumulating evidence indicates that epigenetic alterations also contribute in a major way to the refractory nature of cancer metastasis. Considered as one of the essential epigenetic regulators, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can act as signaling regulators, decoys, guides and scaffolds, modulating key molecules in every step of cancer metastasis including dissemination of carcinoma cells, intravascular transit, and metastatic colonization. Although still having limited clinical application, it is encouraging to witness that several lncRNAs, including CCAT1 and HOTAIR, are under clinical evaluation as potential biomarkers for cancer staging and assessment of metastatic potential. In this review, we focus on the molecular mechanisms underlying lncRNAs in the regulation of cancer metastasis and discuss their clinical potential as novel therapeutic targets as well as their diagnostic and prognostic significance for cancer treatment. Gaining clear insights into the detailed molecular basis underlying lncRNA-modulated cancer metastasis may provide previously unrecognized diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for metastatic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ming
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bowen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Li Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ajay Goel
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1218 S. Fifth Avenue, Suite 2226, Biomedical Research Center, Monrovia, CA 91016, USA.
| | - Canhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
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Fernández-Cortés M, Andrés-León E, Oliver FJ. The PARP Inhibitor Olaparib Modulates the Transcriptional Regulatory Networks of Long Non-Coding RNAs during Vasculogenic Mimicry. Cells 2020; 9:cells9122690. [PMID: 33333852 PMCID: PMC7765283 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In highly metastatic tumors, vasculogenic mimicry (VM) involves the acquisition by tumor cells of endothelial-like traits. Poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors are currently used against tumors displaying BRCA1/2-dependent deficient homologous recombination, and they may have antimetastatic activity. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as key species-specific regulators of cellular and disease processes. To evaluate the impact of olaparib treatment in the context of non-coding RNA, we have analyzed the expression of lncRNA after performing unbiased whole-transcriptome profiling of human uveal melanoma cells cultured to form VM. RNAseq revealed that the non-coding transcriptomic landscape differed between olaparib-treated and non-treated cells: olaparib significantly modulated the expression of 20 lncRNAs, 11 lncRNAs being upregulated, and 9 downregulated. We subjected the data to different bioinformatics tools and analysis in public databases. We found that copy-number variation alterations in some olaparib-modulated lncRNAs had a statistically significant correlation with alterations in some key tumor suppressor genes. Furthermore, the lncRNAs that were modulated by olaparib appeared to be regulated by common transcription factors: ETS1 had high-score binding sites in the promoters of all olaparib upregulated lncRNAs, while MZF1, RHOXF1 and NR2C2 had high-score binding sites in the promoters of all olaparib downregulated lncRNAs. Finally, we predicted that olaparib-modulated lncRNAs could further regulate several transcription factors and their subsequent target genes in melanoma, suggesting that olaparib may trigger a major shift in gene expression mediated by the regulation lncRNA. Globally, olaparib changed the lncRNA expression landscape during VM affecting angiogenesis-related genes.
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22
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Zhang J, Rao D, Ma H, Kong D, Xu X, Lu H. LncRNA SNHG15 contributes to doxorubicin resistance of osteosarcoma cells through targeting the miR-381-3p/GFRA1 axis. Open Life Sci 2020; 15:871-883. [PMID: 33817274 PMCID: PMC7874549 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2020-0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma is a common primary malignant bone cancer. Long noncoding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 15 (SNHG15) has been reported to play an oncogenic role in many cancers. Nevertheless, the role of SNHG15 in the doxorubicin (DXR) resistance of osteosarcoma cells has not been fully addressed. Methods Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was conducted to measure the half-maximal inhibitory concentration value of DXR in osteosarcoma cells. Western blotting was carried out to examine the levels of autophagy-related proteins and GDNF family receptor alpha-1 (GFRA1). Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was performed to determine the levels of SNHG15, miR-381-3p, and GFRA1. The proliferation of osteosarcoma cells was measured by MTT assay. The binding sites between miR-381-3p and SNHG15 or GFRA1 were predicted by Starbase bioinformatics software, and the interaction was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Murine xenograft model was established to validate the function of SNHG15 in vivo. Results Autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine sensitized DXR-resistant osteosarcoma cell lines to DXR. SNHG15 was upregulated in DXR-resistant osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines. SNHG15 knockdown inhibited the proliferation, DXR resistance, and autophagy of osteosarcoma cells. MiR-381-3p was a direct target of SNHG15, and GFRA1 bound to miR-381-3p in osteosarcoma cells. SNHG15 contributed to DXR resistance through the miR-381-3p/GFRA1 axis in vitro. SNHG15 depletion contributed to the inhibitory effect of DXR on osteosarcoma tumor growth through the miR-381-3p/GFRA1 axis in vivo. Conclusions SNHG15 enhanced the DXR resistance of osteosarcoma cells through elevating the autophagy via targeting the miR-381-3p/GFRA1 axis. Restoration of miR-381-3p expression might be an underlying therapeutic strategy to overcome the DXR resistance of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinshan Zhang
- School of Medicine, Yangtze University, 434020, Jingzhou, China
| | - Dan Rao
- Central Hospital of Edong Medical Group, Huangshi City, Hubei Province, 435000, Huangshi, China
| | - Haibo Ma
- School of Medicine, Yangtze University, 434020, Jingzhou, China
| | - Defeng Kong
- School of Medicine, Yangtze University, 434020, Jingzhou, China
| | - Xiaoming Xu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangtze University, No. 1 Renmin Road, Jingzhou City, Hubei Province, 434020, Jingzhou, China
| | - Hougen Lu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangtze University, No. 1 Renmin Road, Jingzhou City, Hubei Province, 434020, Jingzhou, China
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Zhang J, Wang L, Jiang J, Qiao Z. The lncRNA SNHG15/miR-18a-5p axis promotes cell proliferation in ovarian cancer through activating Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. J Cell Biochem 2020; 121:4699-4710. [PMID: 33135285 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report the expression pattern, function and regulatory mechanism of SNHG15 together with miR-18a-5p micro RNA in ovarian cancer (OC) for the first time. We recruited 20 patients and took normal ovarian tissues and ovarian tumor tissues from them. We used cell culture, transfection, in vivo tumor xenograft assay, and multiple types of detection assays to investigate the expression and regulation of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) SNHG15/miR-18a-5p in ovarian tissues and cells. Results: We found that the messenger RNA expression level of SNHG15 was significantly higher and miR-18 was decreased in ovarian cancer tissues and in OC cells. Functional experiments showed that SNHG15 overexpression potentiated the migration and invasion of OC cells, while SNHG15 inhibition reduced the tumor proliferation, which was restored via overexpression of miR-18a. SNHG15 was found to directly target and suppress the expression of miR-18a. Our results illustrate the possible molecular mechanism of lncRNA SNHG15/miR-18a-5p functions in cell proliferation in OC. SNHG15/miR-18a promoted the progression of OC cells via the protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingru Zhang
- The Fourth Department of Gynaecology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Insititute, Shengyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ling Wang
- The Fourth Department of Gynaecology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Insititute, Shengyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jing Jiang
- The Fourth Department of Gynaecology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Insititute, Shengyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhiwei Qiao
- The Fourth Department of Gynaecology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Insititute, Shengyang, Liaoning, China
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Chen C, Feng Y, Wang J, Liang Y, Zou W. Long non-coding RNA SNHG15 in various cancers: a meta and bioinformatic analysis. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:1156. [PMID: 33243205 PMCID: PMC7690101 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07649-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The snoRNA host gene SNHG15 produces a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) with a short half-life and has been reported to be dysregulated in multiple cancers and has recently been found to be correlated with tumour progression. Therefore, this meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the generalised prognostic role of small nucleolar RNA host gene 15 (SNHG15) in malignancies, based on variable data from different studies. Methods Four public databases were used to identify eligible studies. The association between prognostic indicators and clinical features was extracted and pooled to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) or odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Publication bias was measured using Begg’s test and Egger’s test, and the stability of pooled results were measured using sensitivity analysis. Additionally, an online database based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) was screened to further validate our results. Ultimately, we predicted the molecular regulation of SNHG15 based on the public databases. Results In total, 11 studies including 1087 patients were ultimately enrolled in our meta-analysis. We found that SNHG15 overexpression was associated with worse overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS), and this was validated in the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) cohort. Moreover, increased SNHG15 expression suggested advanced TNM stage and LNM, but was not associated with age, gender, or tumour size. No publication bias or instability of the results was observed. SNHG15 was significantly upregulated in seven cancers and elevated expression of SNHG15 indicated shorter OS and DFS in five malignancies based on the validation using the GEPIA cohort. Further functional prediction indicated that SNHG15 may participate in some cancer-related pathways. Conclusions Upregulation of lncRNA SNHG15 was notably associated with worse prognosis and clinical features, suggesting that SNHG15 might serve as a novel prognostic factor in various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caizhi Chen
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Yeqian Feng
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Ye Liang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Wen Zou
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China.
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Dang S, Malik A, Chen J, Qu J, Yin K, Cui L, Gu M. LncRNA SNHG15 Contributes to Immuno-Escape of Gastric Cancer Through Targeting miR141/PD-L1. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:8547-8556. [PMID: 32943878 PMCID: PMC7468375 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s251625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been demonstrated to participate in many biological processes and severs as important regulators during the progression of gastric cancer. Methods Here, we introduced human lncRNA SNHG15 which was highly expressed in gastric cancer and cells. Interestingly, the expression of SNHG15 was correlated with programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), which promotes the resistance of gastric cancer cells to immune responses. Meanwhile, SNHG15 downregulation suppressed the expression of PD-L1 and resistance of immune responses. Results Further, our results suggested that SNHG15 acted as a competing endogenous RNA (CeRNA) to sponge miR-141, which was downregulated in gastric cancers and negatively correlated to PD-L1. Conclusion Our results suggested that SNHG15 improved the expression of PD-L1 by inhibiting miR-141, which in turn promoted the resistance of stomach cancer cells to the immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengchun Dang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212001, People's Republic of China.,Department of General Surgery, Pucheng Hospital, Weinan, Shaanxi Province 715500, People's Republic of China
| | - Abdul Malik
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jixiang Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianguo Qu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212001, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Yin
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212001, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Cui
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212001, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Gu
- Department of Oncology, Zhenjiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, People's Republic of China
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High Expression of the Long Noncoding RNA SNHG15 in Cancer Tissue Samples Predicts an Unfavorable Prognosis of Cancer Patients: A Meta-Analysis. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2020; 2020:3417036. [PMID: 32733556 PMCID: PMC7378602 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3417036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Although the prognostic value of lncRNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 15 (SNHG15) expression in cancers has been evaluated in many studies, the results remain controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to clarify the role of SNHG15 in the prognosis of different cancer patients. Materials and Methods Eligible studies were selected from PubMed, PMC, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria (up to December 20, 2019). The primary outcome was overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS). The secondary outcome was other clinicopathological parameters (including advanced TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, distant metastases, and gender). The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset was used to verify the analysis results. Results Eleven eligible studies were eventually included, involving 9 different types of cancer and 1,079 patients. The high expression of SNHG15 was indicative of a significantly poor OS of cancer patients (HR = 1.96, 95% CI = 1.55–2.47, P < 0.00001). Subgroup analysis showed that the high expression of SNHG15 was associated with a significantly poor OS of patients with digestive cancer (HR = 1.91, 95% CI = 1.38–2.66, P=0.0001), but not lung cancer (HR = 1.83, 95% CI = 0.89–3.76, P=0.010). The RFS of patients with high expression of SNHG15 was shorter than that of patients with low expression of SNHG15 (HR = 2.03, 95% CI = 1.46–2.83, P < 0.00001). In addition, high SNHG15 expression level was significantly correlated with later TNM stage (OR = 3.05, 95% CI = 2.31–4.02, P < 0.00001), lymphatic metastasis (OR = 3.20, 95% CI = 2.30–4.45, P < 0.00001), and distant metastasis (OR = 5.05, 95% CI = 2.15–11.85, P=0.0002). The TCGA verification results were consistent with those observed in our meta-analysis. Conclusion High expression of the long noncoding RNA SNHG15 in cancer tissue samples predicts an unfavorable prognosis for cancer patients. LncRNA SNHG15 can be used as an adverse prognostic biomarker for cancer patients.
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Zimta AA, Tigu AB, Braicu C, Stefan C, Ionescu C, Berindan-Neagoe I. An Emerging Class of Long Non-coding RNA With Oncogenic Role Arises From the snoRNA Host Genes. Front Oncol 2020; 10:389. [PMID: 32318335 PMCID: PMC7154078 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The small nucleolar RNA host genes (SNHGs) are a group of long non-coding RNAs, which are reported in many studies as being overexpressed in various cancers. With very few exceptions, the SNHGs (SNHG1, SNHG3, SNHG5, SNHG6, SNHG7, SNHG12, SNHG15, SNHG16, SNHG20) are recognized as inducing increased proliferation, cell cycle progression, invasion, and metastasis of cancer cells, which makes this class of transcripts a viable biomarker for cancer development and aggressiveness. Through our literature research, we also found that silencing of SNHGs through small interfering RNAs or short hairpin RNAs is very effective in both in vitro and in vivo experiments by lowering the aggressiveness of solid cancers. The knockdown of SNHG as a new cancer therapeutic option should be investigated more in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina-Andreea Zimta
- Medfuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adrian Bogdan Tigu
- Medfuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cornelia Braicu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cristina Stefan
- African Organisation for Research and Training in Cancer, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Calin Ionescu
- Surgical Department, Municipal Hospital, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Surgery, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Medfuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute “Prof. Dr. I. Chiricuta”, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Taheri M. Long non-coding RNA signature in gastric cancer. Exp Mol Pathol 2019; 113:104365. [PMID: 31899194 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2019.104365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer as a common human malignancy has been associated with aberrant expressions of several coding and non-coding genes. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as regulators of gene expressions at different genomic, transcriptomic and post-transcriptomic levels are among putative biomarkers and therapeutic targets in gastric cancer. In the present study, we have searched available literature and listed lncRNAs that are involved in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer. In addition, we discuss associations between expressions of these lncRNAs and tumoral features or risk factors for gastric cancer. Based on the established role of lncRNAs in regulation of genomic stability, cell cycle, apoptosis, angiogenesis and other aspects of cell physiology, the potential of these transcripts as therapeutic targets in gastric cancer should be evaluated in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Yang H, Jiang Z, Wang S, Zhao Y, Song X, Xiao Y, Yang S. Long non-coding small nucleolar RNA host genes in digestive cancers. Cancer Med 2019; 8:7693-7704. [PMID: 31691514 PMCID: PMC6912041 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Although long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) do not have protein coding capacities, they are involved in the pathogenesis of many types of cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma, cervical cancer, and gastric cancer. Notably, the roles of lncRNAs are vital in nearly every aspect of tumor biology. Long non-coding small nucleolar RNA host genes (lnc-SNHGs) are abnormally expressed in multiple cancers, including urologic neoplasms, respiratory tumors, and digestive cancers, and play vital roles in these cancers. These host genes could participate in tumorigenesis by regulating proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis of tumor cells. This review focuses on the overview of the roles that lnc-SNHGs play in the formation and progression of digestive cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Yang
- Department of GastroenterologyXinqiao HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Zheng Jiang
- Department of GastroenterologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of GastroenterologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- Department of GastroenterologyPeople's Hospital of Changshou ChongqingChongqingChina
| | - Yongbing Zhao
- Department of GastroenterologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- Department of GastroenterologyPeople's Hospital of Changshou ChongqingChongqingChina
| | - Xiaomei Song
- Department of GastroenterologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- Department of GastroenterologyPeople's Hospital of Changshou ChongqingChongqingChina
| | - Yufeng Xiao
- Department of GastroenterologyXinqiao HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Shiming Yang
- Department of GastroenterologyXinqiao HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqingChina
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Xun J, Wang C, Yao J, Gao B, Zhang L. Long Non-Coding RNA HOTAIR Modulates KLF12 to Regulate Gastric Cancer Progression via PI3K/ATK Signaling Pathway by Sponging miR-618. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:10323-10334. [PMID: 31819516 PMCID: PMC6885573 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s223957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) has been reported to dysregulate in many tumors. However, the mechanism of HOTAIR was rarely reported in GC. Methods The levels of HOTAIR, microRNA-618 (miR-618) and Krueppel-like factor 12 (KLF12) in GC tissues and cells were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The cell viability and apoptotic rate were assessed via cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The migrating and invading abilities were tested by Transwell assay. The protein levels of KLF12, p-PI3K, PI3K, p-ATK and ATK were measured by Western blot assay. These interactions between miR-618 and HOTAIR or KLF12 were predicted by DIANA tools, and then, dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay were conducted to validate these interactions. Besides, the xenograft tumor experiment was performed to further verify the roles of HOTAIR in GC. Results The levels of HOTAIR and KLF12 were significantly upregulated and the level of miR-618 was strikingly downregulated in GC tissues and cells. miR-618 was verified as a direct target of HOTAIR or KLF12. HOTAIR silencing blocked GC progression and PI3K/ATK signaling pathway by sponging miR-618 and also restrained xenograft tumor growth in vivo. miR-618 inhibited GC progression and PI3K/ATK signaling pathway by targeting KLF12. Mechanistically, HOTAIR modulated KLF12 expression by sponging miR-618 in GC cells. Conclusion These data unraveled that HOTAIR promoted GC progression through PI3K/ATK signaling pathway via miR-618/KLF12 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Xun
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunfeng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianning Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianfeng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
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Shuai Y, Ma Z, Lu J, Feng J. LncRNA SNHG15: A new budding star in human cancers. Cell Prolif 2019; 53:e12716. [PMID: 31774607 PMCID: PMC6985667 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) represent an important group of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) with more than 200 nucleotides in length that are transcribed from the so-called genomic "dark matter." Mounting evidence has shown that lncRNAs have manifested a paramount function in the pathophysiology of human diseases, especially in the pathogenesis and progression of cancers. Despite the exponential growth in lncRNA publications, our understanding of regulatory mechanism of lncRNAs is still limited, and a lot of controversies remain in the current lncRNA knowledge.The purpose of this article is to explore the clinical significance and molecular mechanism of SNHG15 in tumors. MATERIALS & METHODS We have systematically searched the Pubmed, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane databases. We provide an overview of current evidence concerning the functional role, mechanistic models and clinical utilities of SNHG15 in human cancers in this review. RESULTS Small nucleolar RNA host gene 15 (SNHG15), a novel lncRNA, is identified as a key regulator in tumorigenesis and progression of various human cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC), gastric cancer (GC), pancreatic cancer (PC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Dysregulation of SNHG15 has been revealed to be dramatically correlated with advanced clinicopathological factors and predicts poor prognosis, suggesting its potential clinical value as a promising biomarker and therapeutic target for cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS LncRNA SNHG15 may serve as a prospective and novel biomarker for molecular diagnosis and therapeutics in patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Shuai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhonghua Ma
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jianwei Lu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jifeng Feng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Dai W, Dai JL, Tang MH, Ye MS, Fang S. lncRNA-SNHG15 accelerates the development of hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting miR-490-3p/ histone deacetylase 2 axis. World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25:5789-5799. [PMID: 31636472 PMCID: PMC6801192 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i38.5789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has become a great threat for people’s health. Many long noncoding RNAs are involved in the pathogenesis of HCC. SNHG15, as a tissue specific long noncoding RNAs, has been studied in many human cancers, except HCC.
AIM To explore the regulatory mechanism of SNHG15 in HCC.
METHODS In the present research, 101 HCC patient samples, two HCC cell lines and one normal liver cell line were used. RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis were applied to detect SNHG15, miR-490-3p and histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) expression. The regulatory mechanism of SNHG15 was investigated using CCK-8, Transwell and luciferase reporter assays.
RESULTS Our research showed that up-regulation of SNHG15 was found in HCC and was related to aggressive behaviors in HCC patients. Moreover, knockdown of SNHG15 restrained HCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion. In addition, SNHG15 served as a molecular sponge for miR-490-3p. Further, miR-490-3p directly targets HDAC2. HDAC2 was involved in HCC progression by interacting with the SNHG15/miR-490-3p axis.
CONCLUSION In conclusion, long noncoding RNA SNHG15 promotes HCC progression by mediating the miR-490-3p/HDAC2 axis in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Dai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jia-Liang Dai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Mao-Hua Tang
- Department of Infectious Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524003, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Mu-Shi Ye
- Department of Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shuo Fang
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, Guangdong Province, China
- Li KaShing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Yang L, Zhao L, Zeng T, Chen H, Shao J, Yang S, Tao Z, Yang J, Chen T, Lin X, Chen X, Tang M. Mechanisms Underlying Therapeutic Effects Of Traditional Chinese Medicine On Gastric Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:8407-8418. [PMID: 31571996 PMCID: PMC6754335 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s218214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world. It is the fourth most common cancer and has the second highest mortality rate globally. Metastasis is an important feature of gastric cancer and is the most common cause of death. Exploring the mechanism underlying the metastasis of gastric cancer and searching for new drug targets has become the focus of several studies. Traditional Chinese medicine may show promise for treatment of gastric cancer. In this review, we report the recent progress in research on the anti-metastasis activity of Chinese medicine, to facilitate clinical development of treatments for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjun Yang
- Department of Laboratory Animal Centre, Laboratory Animal Centre, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liqian Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Animal Centre, Laboratory Animal Centre, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianni Zeng
- Department of Laboratory Animal Centre, Laboratory Animal Centre, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Laboratory Animal Centre, Laboratory Animal Centre, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Shao
- Department of Laboratory Animal Centre, Laboratory Animal Centre, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Song Yang
- Department of Laboratory Animal Centre, Laboratory Animal Centre, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zheying Tao
- Department of Laboratory Animal Centre, Laboratory Animal Centre, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingqin Yang
- Department of Laboratory Animal Centre, Laboratory Animal Centre, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tongke Chen
- Department of Laboratory Animal Centre, Laboratory Animal Centre, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaokun Lin
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiwen Chen
- Department of Laboratory Animal Centre, Laboratory Animal Centre, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mosheng Tang
- Department of Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, Lishui City People’s Hospital, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
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Li Z, Zhang J, Zheng H, Li C, Xiong J, Wang W, Bao H, Jin H, Liang P. Modulating lncRNA SNHG15/CDK6/miR-627 circuit by palbociclib, overcomes temozolomide resistance and reduces M2-polarization of glioma associated microglia in glioblastoma multiforme. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:380. [PMID: 31462285 PMCID: PMC6714301 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1371-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Accumulating evidence demonstrates the oncogenic roles of lncRNA (long non-coding RNA) molecules in a wide variety of cancer types including glioma. Equally important, However, tumorigenic functions of lncRNA in glioma remain largely unclear. A recent study suggested lncRNA SNHG15 played a role for regulating angiogenesis in glioma but its role in the tumor microenvironment (TME) was not investigated. Methods First, we showed that SNHG15 was upregulated in GBM cells and associated with a poor prognosis for the patients of GBM using public databases. Next, we collected temozolomide sensitive (TMZ-S) and resistant (TMZ-R) clinical samples and demonstrated that co-culturing TMZ-R cells with HMC3 (microglial) cells promoted M2-polarization of HMC3 and the secretion of pro-GBM cytokines TGF-β and IL-6. Results Comparative qPCR analysis of TMZ-S and TMZ-R cells showed that a significantly higher level of SNHG15, coincidental with a higher level of Sox2, β-catenin, EGFR, and CDK6 in TMZ-R cells. Subsequently, using bioinformatics tool, a potential mechanistic route for SNHG15 to promote GBM tumorigenesis was by inhibiting tumor suppressor, miR-627-5p which leads to activation of CDK6. Gene-silencing technique was employed to demonstrate that suppression of SNHG15 indeed led to the suppression of GBM tumorigenesis, accompanied by an increase miR-627-5p and decreased its two oncogenic targets, CDK6 and SOX-2. In addition, SNHG15-silenced TMZ-R cells became significantly sensitive towards TMZ treatment and less capable of promoting M2-phenotype in the HMC3 microglial cells. We then evaluated the potential anti-GBM activity of CDK6 inhibitor, palbociclib, using TMZ-R PDX mouse models. Palbociclib treatment significantly reduced tumorigenesis in TMZ-R/HMC3 bearing mice and SNHG15 and CDK6 expression was significantly reduced while miR-627-5p level was increased. Additionally, palbociclib treatment appeared to overcome TMZ resistance as well as reduced M2 markers in HMC3 cells. Conclusion Together, we provided evidence supporting the usage of CDK6 inhibitor for TMZ-resistant GBM cases. Further investigation is warranted for the consideration of clinical trials. Graphical abstract ![]()
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-019-1371-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhe Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, No.150 Haping Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jixing Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, No.150 Haping Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongshan Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, No.150 Haping Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenlong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, No.150 Haping Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinsheng Xiong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, No.150 Haping Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiliang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, No.150 Haping Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbo Bao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, No.150 Haping Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, No.150 Haping Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, No.150 Haping Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China.
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35
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Yang C, Yu H, Chen R, Tao K, Jian L, Peng M, Li X, Liu M, Liu S. CXCL1 stimulates migration and invasion in ER‑negative breast cancer cells via activation of the ERK/MMP2/9 signaling axis. Int J Oncol 2019; 55:684-696. [PMID: 31322183 PMCID: PMC6685590 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokine (C‑X‑C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1), a member of the CXC chemokine family, has been reported to be a critical factor in inflammatory diseases and tumor progression; however, its functions and molecular mechanisms in estrogen receptor α (ER)‑negative breast cancer (BC) remain largely unknown. The present study demonstrated that CXCL1 was upregulated in ER‑negative BC tissues and cell lines compared with ER‑positive tissues and cell lines. Treatment with recombinant human CXCL1 protein promoted ER‑negative BC cell migration and invasion in a dose‑dependent manner, and stimulated the activation of phosphorylated (p)‑ extracellular signal‑regulated kinase (ERK)1/2, but not p‑STAT3 or p‑AKT. Conversely, knockdown of CXCL1 in BC cells attenuated these effects. Additionally, CXCL1 increased the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)2/9 via the ERK1/2 pathway. Inhibition of MEK1/2 by its antagonist U0126 reversed the effects of CXCL1 on MMP2/9 expression. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analysis revealed a strong positive association between CXCL1 and p‑ERK1/2 expression levels in BC tissues. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that CXCL1 is highly expressed in ER‑negative BC, and stimulates BC cell migration and invasion via the ERK/MMP2/9 pathway. Therefore, CXCL1 may serve as a potential therapeutic target in ER‑negative BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Yang
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Haochen Yu
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Kai Tao
- Department of the Second of Gynecology Oncology, Shanxi Provincial Tumor Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Lei Jian
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Meixi Peng
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Xiaotian Li
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Manran Liu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Shengchun Liu
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
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Tong J, Ma X, Yu H, Yang J. SNHG15: a promising cancer-related long noncoding RNA. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:5961-5969. [PMID: 31308739 PMCID: PMC6613027 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s208054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is expected to rank as the leading cause of death worldwide due to increasing morbidity and mortality. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been found to play pivotal roles in multiple biological processes, such as transcriptional interference, posttranscriptional regulation and epigenetic modification. Small nucleolar RNA host gene 15 (SNHG15), a snoRNA host gene which produces a short half-lived lncRNA, was reported to be upregulated in tumor cells and participate in the occurrence and development of multiple cancers. And more than half of the SNHG15 research in cancers has been published within the last 2 years. In this review, we summarized the current evidence concerning the biological functions and molecular mechanisms of SNHG15 in various cancers, including gastric, hepatocellular, pancreatic, colorectal, breast, and thyroid cancer, osteosarcoma, glioma, lung cancer, renal cell carcinoma, and epithelial ovarian cancer. SNHG15 plays critical roles in regulation of cell proliferation, migration and invasion of tumors via different potential mechanisms. Moreover, the abnormal expression of SNHG15 was associated with clinical features of patients with cancers. Consequently, SNHG15 could be considered as a promising biomarker for cancer diagnosis, prognosis or treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfei Tong
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xudong Ma
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hailan Yu
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhua Yang
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Delshad E, Shamsabadi FT, Bahramian S, Mehravar F, Maghsoudi H, Shafiee M. In silico identification of novel lncRNAs with a potential role in diagnosis of gastric cancer. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2019; 38:1954-1962. [PMID: 31179892 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2019.1624615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the world. Due to the shortage of adequate symptoms in the early stages, it is diagnosed when the tumor has spread to distant organs. Early recognition of GC enhances the chance of successful treatment. Molecular mechanisms of GC are still poorly understood. LncRNAs are emerging as new players in cancer in both oncogene and tumor suppressor roles. High-throughput technologies such as RNA-Seq, have revealed thousands of lncRNAs which are dysregulated in GC. In this study, we retrieved lncRNAs obtained by High-throughput technologies from OncoLnc database. Consequently, retrieved lncRNAs were compared in literature-based databases including PubMed. As a result, two lists, including experimentally validated lncRNAs and predicted lncRNAs were provided. We found 43 predicted lncRNAs that had not been experimentally validated in GC, so far. Further Bioinformatics analyses were performed to obtain the expression profile of predicted lncRNAs in tumor and normal tissues. Also, the roles and targets of predicted lncRNAs in GC were identified by related databases. Finally, using the GEPIA database was reviewed the significant relationship of predicted lncRNAs with the survival of GC patients. By recognizing the lncRNAs involved in initiation and progression of GC, they may be considered as potential biomarkers in the GC early diagnosis or targeted treatment and lead to novel therapeutic strategies. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Encieh Delshad
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh T Shamsabadi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Shabbou Bahramian
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mehravar
- Health Management and Social Development Research Center, Golestan university of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Shafiee
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
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LncRNAs with miRNAs in regulation of gastric, liver, and colorectal cancers: updates in recent years. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:4649-4677. [PMID: 31062053 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09837-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) is a kind of RNAi molecule composed of hundreds to thousands of nucleotides. There are several major types of functional lncRNAs which participate in some important cellular pathways. LncRNA-RNA interaction controls mRNA translation and degradation or serves as a microRNA (miRNA) sponge for silencing. LncRNA-protein interaction regulates protein activity in transcriptional activation and silencing. LncRNA guide, decoy, and scaffold regulate transcription regulators of enhancer or repressor region of the coding genes for alteration of expression. LncRNA plays a role in cellular responses including the following activities: regulation of chromatin structural modification and gene expression for epigenetic and cell function control, promotion of hematopoiesis and maturation of immunity, cell programming in stem cell and somatic cell development, modulation of pathogen infection, switching glycolysis and lipid metabolism, and initiation of autoimmune diseases. LncRNA, together with miRNA, are considered the critical elements in cancer development. It has been demonstrated that tumorigenesis could be driven by homeostatic imbalance of lncRNA/miRNA/cancer regulatory factors resulting in biochemical and physiological alterations inside the cells. Cancer-driven lncRNAs with other cellular RNAs, epigenetic modulators, or protein effectors may change gene expression level and affect the viability, immortality, and motility of the cells that facilitate cancer cell cycle rearrangement, angiogenesis, proliferation, and metastasis. Molecular medicine will be the future trend for development. LncRNA/miRNA could be one of the potential candidates in this category. Continuous studies in lncRNA functional discrepancy between cancer cells and normal cells and regional and rational genetic differences of lncRNA profiles are critical for clinical research which is beneficial for clinical practice.
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SNHG15 is a bifunctional MYC-regulated noncoding locus encoding a lncRNA that promotes cell proliferation, invasion and drug resistance in colorectal cancer by interacting with AIF. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:172. [PMID: 31014355 PMCID: PMC6480895 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1169-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Thousands of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are aberrantly expressed in various types of cancers, however our understanding of their role in the disease is still very limited. Methods We applied RNAseq analysis from patient-derived data with validation in independent cohort of patients. We followed these studies with gene regulation analysis as well as experimental dissection of the role of the identified lncRNA by multiple in vitro and in vivo methods. Results We analyzed RNA-seq data from tumors of 456 CRC patients compared to normal samples, and identified SNHG15 as a potentially oncogenic lncRNA that encodes a snoRNA in one of its introns. The processed SNHG15 is overexpressed in CRC tumors and its expression is highly correlated with poor survival of patients. Interestingly, SNHG15 is more highly expressed in tumors with high levels of MYC expression, while MYC protein binds to two E-box motifs on SNHG15 sequence, indicating that SNHG15 transcription is directly regulated by the oncogene MYC. The depletion of SNHG15 by siRNA or CRISPR-Cas9 inhibits cell proliferation and invasion, decreases colony formation as well as the tumorigenic capacity of CRC cells, whereas its overexpression leads to opposite effects. Gene expression analysis performed upon SNHG15 inhibition showed changes in multiple relevant genes implicated in cancer progression, including MYC, NRAS, BAG3 or ERBB3. Several of these genes are functionally related to AIF, a protein that we found to specifically interact with SNHG15, suggesting that the SNHG15 acts, at least in part, by regulating the activity of AIF. Interestingly, ROS levels, which are directly regulated by AIF, show a significant reduction in SNHG15-depleted cells. Moreover, knockdown of SNHG15 increases the sensitiveness of the cells to 5-FU, while its overexpression renders them more resistant to the chemotherapeutic drug. Conclusion Altogether, these results describe an important role of SNHG15 in promoting colon cancer and mediating drug resistance, suggesting its potential as prognostic marker and target for RNA-based therapies. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-019-1169-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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40
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Zhang Y, Zhang D, Lv J, Wang S, Zhang Q. LncRNA SNHG15 acts as an oncogene in prostate cancer by regulating miR-338-3p/FKBP1A axis. Gene 2019; 705:44-50. [PMID: 30981837 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are crucial regulators in the progression of various diseases. Although the role of lncRNAs in prostate cancer (PCa) has been studied in recent years, there are still numerous lncRNAs need to be elucidated. This study aims to detect the role of lncRNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 15 (SNHG15) in human prostate cancer. Using qRT-PCR analysis, we identified the upregulation of SNHG15 in PCa cell lines. Loss-of function assays were conducted to determine the regulatory effect of SNHG15 on PCa cell proliferation, migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). According to the results of functional assays, we found that knockdown of SNHG15 impaired cell viability, suppressed cell proliferation, inhibited cell migration and invasion, reversed EMT progress. All these findings revealed the oncogenic function of SNHG15 in PCa. Mechanism investigation revealed that SNHG15 was located in the cytoplasm of PCa cells and acted as a molecular sponge of microRNA-338-3p (miR-338-3p). Moreover, FKBP prolyl isomerase 1A (FKBP1A) was a target of miR-338-3p. This investigation demonstrated that SNHG15 may serve as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to regulate miR-338-3p and FKBP1A. Finally, the involvement of miR-338-3p and FKBP1A in SNHG15-mediated biological function was demonstrated by performing rescue assays. In summary, our study revealed the function of a novel pathway in PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuelong Zhang
- Department of Urology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Dahong Zhang
- Department of Urology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Jia Lv
- Department of Urology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Urology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Urology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China.
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Li M, Bian Z, Jin G, Zhang J, Yao S, Feng Y, Wang X, Yin Y, Fei B, You Q, Huang Z. LncRNA-SNHG15 enhances cell proliferation in colorectal cancer by inhibiting miR-338-3p. Cancer Med 2019; 8:2404-2413. [PMID: 30945457 PMCID: PMC6536931 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence and death rate of colorectal cancer (CRC) is very high, which brings great need to understand the early molecular events of CRC. These studies demonstrate that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) plays an important role in the occurrence and development of human cancer. Small nucleolar RNA host gene 15 (SNHG15) was recently identified as a cancer‐related lncRNA. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the function and mechanism of SNHG15 in CRC. The expression of SNHG15 was detected by quantitative RT‐PCR (qRT‐PCR) in CRC tissues and matched noncancerous tissues (NCTs). CCK‐8 assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometric analysis, and nude mouse xenograft mode were used to examine the tumor‐promoting function of SNHG15 in vitro and in vivo. The binding relationship between SNHG15, miR‐338‐3p and the target genes of miR‐338‐3p were screened and identified by databases, qRT‐PCR, dual luciferase reporter assay and western blot. Our results showed that SNHG15 was up‐regulated in CRC tissues compared with paired NCTs (P < 0.0001). High level of SNHG15 expression predicted poor prognosis of CRC (P = 0.0051). SNHG15 overexpression could promote cell proliferation and inhibit cell apoptosis. Animal experiments showed that up‐regulation of SNHG15 promoted tumor growth in vivo. The results of mechanism experiments showed that SNHG15 could bind to miR‐338‐3p and block its inhibition on the expression and activity of FOS or RAB14. In conclusion SNHG15 promotes cell proliferation through SNHG15/miR‐338‐3p/FOS‐RAB14 axis in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Cancer Epigenetics Program, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Pharmacy Department, Wuxi 9th People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zehua Bian
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guoying Jin
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Surui Yao
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuyang Feng
- Cancer Epigenetics Program, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Cancer Epigenetics Program, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuan Yin
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bojian Fei
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qingjun You
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhaohui Huang
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Cancer Epigenetics Program, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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Liu Y, Li J, Li F, Li M, Shao Y, Wu L. SNHG15 functions as a tumor suppressor in thyroid cancer. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:6120-6126. [PMID: 30623483 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Small nucleolar RNA host gene 15 (SNHG15) has been suggested to be overexpressed, and function as an oncogenic long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in various types of human malignancies. However, the expression status and function of SNHG15 were still unknown in thyroid cancer. In our study, we assessed the expression status and clinical value in thyroid cancer samples, and explored the effect of SNHG15 on thyroid cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. In results, SNHG15 expression was downregulated in thyroid cancer tissues and cells, and correlated with age, pathology classification, clinical stage, tumor size, distant metastasis, and disease-free survival. The in vitro studies suggested SNHG15 overexpression suppressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in thyroid cancer. In summary, SNHG15 serves as tumor suppressive role in thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongcun Liu
- Department of Oncology, The First People's Hospital of Xianyang, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Junli Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First People's Hospital of Xianyang, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuan Shao
- Department of ENT, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liping Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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43
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Qu C, Dai C, Guo Y, Qin R, Liu J. Long noncoding RNA SNHG15 serves as an oncogene and predicts poor prognosis in epithelial ovarian cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 12:101-111. [PMID: 30588034 PMCID: PMC6304080 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s182657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to investigate the functional role of long noncoding RNA SNHG15 in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Materials and methods The expression of SNHG15 was measured in EOC cells and tissues using qRT-PCR. The correlation of SNHG15 expression and the clinicopathological characters was statistically analyzed. The prognosis of patients with different clinical features in the high/low SNHG15 expression groups were calculated. Moreover, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to identify the risk factors for poor overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). The effect of SNHG15 on the migration and invasion was evaluated using Transwell and Matrigel, respectively. The proliferation ability of EOC cells was tested using colony formation and MTT assay. The influence of SNHG15 on the cisplatin resistance was detected by measuring cell inhibition rate and cell viability. Results SNHG15 was upegulated in EOC cells and tissues. High SNHG15 expression was correlated with EOC progression and predicted poor OS and PFS in different subgroups of EOC patients. Moreover, multivariate Cox regression analysis defined high SNHG15 expression as an independent risk factor for poor OS and PFS. Furthermore, functional assays showed that the overexpression of SNHG15 promoted migration and invasion, while the loss of SNHG15 suppressed migration and invasion. Furthermore, the proliferation of EOC cells was improved after the ectopic expression of SNHG15, which was suppressed with SNHG15 deficiency. In addition, cisplatin-resistant EOC cells were established for detecting the effect of SNHG15 on EOC chemoresistance. The results showed that cisplatin-resistant EOC cells exhibited much higher levels of SNHG15 expression than controls, and SNHG15 contributed to the chemoresistance of EOC cells. Conclusion This study confirms that SNHG15 contributes to the migration, invasion, proliferation, and chemoresistance of EOC. SNHG15 may serve as a potential therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker of EOC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Qu
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunmei Dai
- Department of School Hospital, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130033, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yahua Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin, People's Republic of China,
| | - Rui Qin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin, People's Republic of China,
| | - Junbao Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin, People's Republic of China,
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Abdollahzadeh R, Daraei A, Mansoori Y, Sepahvand M, Amoli MM, Tavakkoly-Bazzaz J. Competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) cross talk and language in ceRNA regulatory networks: A new look at hallmarks of breast cancer. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:10080-10100. [PMID: 30537129 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently occurring malignancy in women worldwide. Despite the substantial advancement in understanding the molecular mechanisms and management of BC, it remains the leading cause of cancer death in women. One of the main reasons for this obstacle is that we have not been able to find the Achilles heel for the BC as a highly heterogeneous disease. Accumulating evidence has revealed that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), play key roles in the development of BC; however, the involving of complex regulatory interactions between the different varieties of ncRNAs in the development of this cancer has been poorly understood. In the recent years, the newly discovered mechanism in the RNA world is "competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA)" which proposes regulatory dialogues between different RNAs, including long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), transcribed pseudogenes, and circular RNAs (circRNAs). In the latest BC research, various studies have revealed that dysregulation of several ceRNA networks (ceRNETs) between these ncRNAs has fundamental roles in establishing the hallmarks of BC development. And it is thought that such a discovery could open a new window for a better understanding of the hidden aspects of breast tumors. Besides, it probably can provide new biomarkers and potential efficient therapeutic targets for BC. This review will discuss the existing body of knowledge regarding the key functions of ceRNETs and then highlights the emerging roles of some recently discovered ceRNETs in several hallmarks of BC. Moreover, we propose for the first time the "ceRnome" as a new term in the present article for RNA research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasoul Abdollahzadeh
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Daraei
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Yaser Mansoori
- Department of Medical Genetics, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Sepahvand
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa M Amoli
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular Cellular Sciences Institute, Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Tavakkoly-Bazzaz
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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45
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Prognostic Value of Long Noncoding RNAs in Patients with Gastrointestinal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. DISEASE MARKERS 2018; 2018:5340894. [PMID: 30598708 PMCID: PMC6287160 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5340894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancers (GICs) are a huge threat to human health, which mainly include esophageal, gastric, and colorectal cancers. The purpose of this study was to clarify the prognostic value of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in GICs. A total of 111 articles were included, and 13103 patients (3123 with esophageal cancer, 4972 with gastric cancer, and 5008 with colorectal cancer) were enrolled in this study. The pooled hazard ratio (HR) values and corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of overall survival (OS) related to different lncRNA expressions in esophageal, gastric, colorectal, and gastrointestinal cancer patients were 1.92 (1.70–2.16), 1.96 (1.77–2.16), 2.10 (1.87–2.36), and 2.00 (1.87–2.13), respectively. We have identified 74 lncRNAs which were associated closely with poor prognosis of GIC patients, including 58 significantly upregulated lncRNA expression and 16 significantly downregulated lncRNA expression. In addition, 47 of the included studies revealed relative mechanisms and 12 of them investigated the correlation between lncRNAs and microRNAs. Taken together, this meta-analysis supports that specific lncRNAs are significantly related to the prognosis of GIC patients and may serve as novel markers for predicting the prognosis of GIC patients. Furthermore, lncRNAs may have a promising contribution to lncRNA-based targeted therapy and clinical decision-making in the future.
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46
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Efremov YR, Proskurina AS, Potter EA, Dolgova EV, Efremova OV, Taranov OS, Ostanin AA, Chernykh ER, Kolchanov NA, Bogachev SS. Cancer Stem Cells: Emergent Nature of Tumor Emergency. Front Genet 2018; 9:544. [PMID: 30505319 PMCID: PMC6250818 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A functional analysis of 167 genes overexpressed in Krebs-2 tumor initiating cells was performed. In the first part of the study, the genes were analyzed for their belonging to one or more of the three groups, which represent the three major phenotypic manifestation of malignancy of cancer cells, namely (1) proliferative self-sufficiency, (2) invasive growth and metastasis, and (3) multiple drug resistance. 96 genes out of 167 were identified as possible contributors to at least one of these fundamental properties. It was also found that substantial part of these genes are also known as genes responsible for formation and/or maintenance of the stemness of normal pluri-/multipotent stem cells. These results suggest that the malignancy is simply the ability to maintain the stem cell specific genes expression profile, and, as a consequence, the stemness itself regardless of the controlling effect of stem niches. In the second part of the study, three stress factors combined into the single concept of "generalized cellular stress," which are assumed to activate the expression of these genes, were defined. In addition, possible mechanisms for such activation were identified. The data obtained suggest the existence of a mechanism for the de novo formation of a pluripotent/stem phenotype in the subpopulation of "committed" tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaroslav R Efremov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Anastasia S Proskurina
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Potter
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Evgenia V Dolgova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Oksana V Efremova
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Oleg S Taranov
- The State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology Vector, Koltsovo, Russia
| | - Aleksandr A Ostanin
- Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Elena R Chernykh
- Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nikolay A Kolchanov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Sergey S Bogachev
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
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Huang L, Lin H, Kang L, Huang P, Huang J, Cai J, Xian Z, Zhu P, Huang M, Wang L, Xian CJ, Wang J, Dong J. Aberrant expression of long noncoding RNA SNHG15 correlates with liver metastasis and poor survival in colorectal cancer. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:7032-7039. [PMID: 30317592 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a critical role in the initiation and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC), but little is known about the function of lncRNAs in the colorectal liver metastasis (CLM). This study was designed to identify specific lncRNAs correlating to liver metastasis of CRC, and to further assess their clinical value. Seventeen patients with primary CRC lesions, adjacent normal mucosa, and synchronous liver metastases lesions were divided into discovery set (six patients) and test set (11 patients). Transcriptome sequencing (RNAseq) was used to screen differential expression of lncRNAs in the discovery set. Based on bioinformatics data, quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to verify the target lncRNA in test set. The relationships between target lncRNA and clinical values were analysed in an expanded validation set of additional 91 patients. 23 upregulated and 14 downregulated lncRNAs were detected for distinguishing synchronous liver metastases, primary CRC lesions from adjacent normal mucosa in the RNAseq set. The expression levels of four lncRNAs in the 37 lncRNA signature were verified by qRT-PCR in the test set. Compared with the paired normal mucosa, high expression levels of lnc-small-nucleolar RNA host gene 15 (SNHG15) were detected not only in primary CRC lesions but also in liver metastases lesions in the test set. Furthermore, in the expanded validation set, high expression of lnc-SNHG15 was significantly associated with lymph-node metastasis and liver metastasis (p < 0.05), and patients displaying high lncRNA-SNHG15 expression exhibited a shorter median overall survival duration than those displaying low expression (30.7 vs. 35.2 months; p = 0.003). Multivariate analyses demonstrated that lncRNA-SNHG15 overexpression may serve as a poor prognostic biomarker for CRC patients (p = 0.049; Cox's regression: 2.731). Lnc-SNHG15 overexpression was significantly associated with CLM and high-expression of lnc-SNHG15 in CRC was an independent predictor of poor survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Huang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongcheng Lin
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Kang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pinzhu Huang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinlin Cai
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenyu Xian
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peixuan Zhu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meijin Huang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liping Wang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Department of Plastic Reconstructive Surgery, Ningbo No. 6 Hospital, Zhejiang, China.,School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, and UniSA Cancer Research Institute, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Cory J Xian
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, and UniSA Cancer Research Institute, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jianping Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianghui Dong
- Department of Hand Surgery, Department of Plastic Reconstructive Surgery, Ningbo No. 6 Hospital, Zhejiang, China.,School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, and UniSA Cancer Research Institute, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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48
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LncRNA SNHG15 acts as a ceRNA to regulate YAP1-Hippo signaling pathway by sponging miR-200a-3p in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:947. [PMID: 30237435 PMCID: PMC6148237 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0975-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, lncRNAs have been widely reported in human malignant tumors, including papillary thyroid carcinoma. LncRNA SNHG15 has been validated to be a tumor facilitator in several types of malignancies. The present study focused on the biological role of SNHG15 in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Based on the result of qPCR analysis, we identified the strong expression of SNHG15 in human papillary thyroid carcinoma tissues and cell lines. Moreover, Kaplan–Meier method was utilized to analyze the internal relevance between SNHG15 expression and overall survival rate of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma. Loss-of-function assays were designed and conducted to determine the inhibitory effects of silenced SNHG15 on the cell growth and migration in papillary thyroid carcinoma. The mechanical investigation indicated that SNHG15 upregulated YAP1 by sponging miR-200a-3p. Moreover, results of gain-of-function assays validated the anti-oncogenic function of miR-200a-3p in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Finally, results of rescue assays validated the function of SNHG15-miR-200a-3p-YAP1 axis in papillary thyroid carcinoma. YAP1 is known as an oncogene and a core factor of Hippo pathway. Here, we demonstrated that SNHG15 inactivated Hippo signaling pathway in papillary thyroid carcinoma. In summary, our findings demonstrated that SNHG15 serves as a competitively endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to regulate YAP1-Hippo signaling pathway by sponging miR-200a-3p in papillary thyroid carcinoma.
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Lin MT, Song HJ, Ding XY. Long non-coding RNAs involved in metastasis of gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:3724-3737. [PMID: 30197478 PMCID: PMC6127659 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i33.3724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most frequently diagnosed malignant diseases. The molecular mechanisms of metastasis remain unclear. Recently, studies have shown that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in metastasis. Therefore, deeper understanding of this mechanism could provide potential diagnostic tools and therapeutic targets for metastatic GC. This review focuses on dysregulated lncRNAs in GC metastases. Due to the identification of multiple diverse mechanisms involved in GC metastasis, we classified them into seven categories, including lncRNAs related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition, regulation of degradation of extracellular matrix, angiopoiesis, vasculogenic mimicry, and immunologic escape. As the TNM stage is pivotal for evaluating the severity and prognosis of GC patients, we summarize the lncRNAs relevant to lymphatic metastasis, distant metastasis and TNM classification. This review summarizes the lncRNAs related to metastasis, which may provide insight into the mechanisms, and provide potential markers for prognostic prediction and monitoring the relapse of GC.
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MESH Headings
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Cell Movement/genetics
- Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/genetics
- Extracellular Matrix/genetics
- Extracellular Matrix/metabolism
- Extracellular Matrix/pathology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Lymphatic Metastasis
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/genetics
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/immunology
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/genetics
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/immunology
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/pathology
- Prognosis
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding/immunology
- RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism
- Stomach Neoplasms/genetics
- Stomach Neoplasms/immunology
- Stomach Neoplasms/mortality
- Stomach Neoplasms/pathology
- Tumor Escape/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Ting Lin
- Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hao-Jun Song
- Gastroenterology Department, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo 315000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiao-Yun Ding
- Gastroenterology Department, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo 315000, Zhejiang Province, China
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50
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Virgilio E, Giarnieri E, Giovagnoli MR, Montagnini M, Proietti A, D'Urso R, Mercantini P, Balducci G, Cavallini M. Long non-coding RNAs in the gastric juice of gastric cancer patients. Pathol Res Pract 2018; 214:1239-1246. [PMID: 30078471 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2018.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Differently from other digestive malignancies, gastric cancer (GC) carcinogenesis seems more heterogeneous and unclear. This entails failing in identification of reliable serum tumor markers for screening early GC (EGC) as well as persisting ominous prognosis of this disease. Recently, investigation of human noncoding genome, especially long noncoding molecules (lncRNAs), has provided promising data. As for GC, however, since the current information on GC-specific lncRNAs is still scarce and comes largely from analyses performed on tissue or serum of affected patients, we decided to review the current literature dealing with expression of such molecules in the gastric juice (GJ) of GC patients. In the case of GC, in fact, several cytological and molecular works have already demonstrated GJ to be an interesting biological material for improving clinicopathologic and prognostic knowledge of this cancer. For this review, we burrowed into the literature on lncRNAs expressed in GJ of GC patients. PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar and ResearchGate were the search engines entertained. As of 2018, only seven studies have been reported. LINC00152, AA174084, UCA1, RMRP, ABHD11-AS1, LINC00982 and H19 were the GJ lncRNAs examined. Following our review, we can conclude that, due to their high specificity and reliability, GJ lncRNAs should deserve a prominent role in the field of GC research: importantly, they could be used for screening EGC, ameliorating the existing methods of staging (which are still far from being completely accurate), improving the prognostic capacity of the current diagnostic armamentarium and, finally, providing new and valuable therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Virgilio
- Departments of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, St. Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy.
| | - Enrico Giarnieri
- Departments of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, St. Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Giovagnoli
- Departments of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, St. Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Monica Montagnini
- Departments of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, St. Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Proietti
- Departments of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, St. Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Rosaria D'Urso
- Departments of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, St. Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Mercantini
- Departments of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, St. Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Genoveffa Balducci
- Departments of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, St. Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Cavallini
- Departments of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, St. Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
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