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Rahimnejad M, Jahangiri S, Zirak Hassan Kiadeh S, Rezvaninejad S, Ahmadi Z, Ahmadi S, Safarkhani M, Rabiee N. Stimuli-responsive biomaterials: smart avenue toward 4D bioprinting. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2024; 44:860-891. [PMID: 37442771 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2023.2213398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
3D bioprinting is an advanced technology combining cells and bioactive molecules within a single bioscaffold; however, this scaffold cannot change, modify or grow in response to a dynamic implemented environment. Lately, a new era of smart polymers and hydrogels has emerged, which can add another dimension, e.g., time to 3D bioprinting, to address some of the current approaches' limitations. This concept is indicated as 4D bioprinting. This approach may assist in fabricating tissue-like structures with a configuration and function that mimic the natural tissue. These scaffolds can change and reform as the tissue are transformed with the potential of specific drug or biomolecules released for various biomedical applications, such as biosensing, wound healing, soft robotics, drug delivery, and tissue engineering, though 4D bioprinting is still in its early stages and more works are required to advance it. In this review article, the critical challenge in the field of 4D bioprinting and transformations from 3D bioprinting to 4D phases is reviewed. Also, the mechanistic aspects from the chemistry and material science point of view are discussed too.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maedeh Rahimnejad
- Biomedical Engineering Institute, School of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier de L'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Canada
| | - Sepideh Jahangiri
- Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier de L'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | | | | | - Zarrin Ahmadi
- School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
- The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sepideh Ahmadi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Moein Safarkhani
- Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Navid Rabiee
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
- School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
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2
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Kędra K, Oledzka E, Sobczak M. Self-Immolative Domino Dendrimers as Anticancer-Drug Delivery Systems: A Review. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:668. [PMID: 38794329 PMCID: PMC11125333 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16050668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Worldwide cancer statistics have indicated about 20 million new cancer cases and over 10 million deaths in 2022 (according to data from the International Agency for Research on Cancer). One of the leading cancer treatment strategies is chemotherapy, using innovative drug delivery systems (DDSs). Self-immolative domino dendrimers (SIDendr) for triggered anti-cancer drugs appear to be a promising type of DDSs. The present review provides an up-to-date survey on the contemporary advancements in the field of SIDendr-based anti-cancer drug delivery systems (SIDendr-ac-DDSs) through an exhaustive analysis of the discovery and application of these materials in improving the pharmacological effectiveness of both novel and old drugs. In addition, this article discusses the designing, chemical structure, and targeting techniques, as well as the properties, of several SIDendr-based DDSs. Approaches for this type of targeted DDSs for anti-cancer drug release under a range of stimuli are also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Kędra
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 44/52 Kasprzaka Str., 01-224 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Ewa Oledzka
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Biomaterials, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Marcin Sobczak
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Biomaterials, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
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3
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Paul S, Verma S, Chen YC. Peptide Dendrimer-Based Antibacterial Agents: Synthesis and Applications. ACS Infect Dis 2024; 10:1034-1055. [PMID: 38428037 PMCID: PMC11019562 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Pathogenic bacteria cause the deaths of millions of people every year. With the development of antibiotics, hundreds and thousands of people's lives have been saved. Nevertheless, bacteria can develop resistance to antibiotics, rendering them insensitive to antibiotics over time. Peptides containing specific amino acids can be used as antibacterial agents; however, they can be easily degraded by proteases in vivo. To address these issues, branched peptide dendrimers are now being considered as good antibacterial agents due to their high efficacy, resistance to protease degradation, and low cytotoxicity. The ease with which peptide dendrimers can be synthesized and modified makes them accessible for use in various biological and nonbiological fields. That is, peptide dendrimers hold a promising future as antibacterial agents with prolonged efficacy without bacterial resistance development. Their in vivo stability and multivalence allow them to effectively target multi-drug-resistant strains and prevent biofilm formation. Thus, it is interesting to have an overview of the development and applications of peptide dendrimers in antibacterial research, including the possibility of employing machine learning approaches for the design of AMPs and dendrimers. This review summarizes the synthesis and applications of peptide dendrimers as antibacterial agents. The challenges and perspectives of using peptide dendrimers as the antibacterial agents are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchita Paul
- Institute
of Semiconductor Technology, National Yang
Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sandeep Verma
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Gangwal
School of Medical Sciences and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Yu-Chie Chen
- Institute
of Semiconductor Technology, National Yang
Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming
Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
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4
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Martínez-Orts M, Pujals S. Responsive Supramolecular Polymers for Diagnosis and Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4077. [PMID: 38612886 PMCID: PMC11012635 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive supramolecular polymers are ordered nanosized materials that are held together by non-covalent interactions (hydrogen-bonding, metal-ligand coordination, π-stacking and, host-guest interactions) and can reversibly undergo self-assembly. Their non-covalent nature endows supramolecular polymers with the ability to respond to external stimuli (temperature, light, ultrasound, electric/magnetic field) or environmental changes (temperature, pH, redox potential, enzyme activity), making them attractive candidates for a variety of biomedical applications. To date, supramolecular research has largely evolved in the development of smart water-soluble self-assemblies with the aim of mimicking the biological function of natural supramolecular systems. Indeed, there is a wide variety of synthetic biomaterials formulated with responsiveness to control and trigger, or not to trigger, aqueous self-assembly. The design of responsive supramolecular polymers ranges from the use of hydrophobic cores (i.e., benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamide) to the introduction of macrocyclic hosts (i.e., cyclodextrins). In this review, we summarize the most relevant advances achieved in the design of stimuli-responsive supramolecular systems used to control transport and release of both diagnosis agents and therapeutic drugs in order to prevent, diagnose, and treat human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Silvia Pujals
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain;
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5
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Liu J, Cabral H, Mi P. Nanocarriers address intracellular barriers for efficient drug delivery, overcoming drug resistance, subcellular targeting and controlled release. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 207:115239. [PMID: 38437916 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
The cellular barriers are major bottlenecks for bioactive compounds entering into cells to accomplish their biological functions, which limits their biomedical applications. Nanocarriers have demonstrated high potential and benefits for encapsulating bioactive compounds and efficiently delivering them into target cells by overcoming a cascade of intracellular barriers to achieve desirable therapeutic and diagnostic effects. In this review, we introduce the cellular barriers ahead of drug delivery and nanocarriers, as well as summarize recent advances and strategies of nanocarriers for increasing internalization with cells, promoting intracellular trafficking, overcoming drug resistance, targeting subcellular locations and controlled drug release. Lastly, the future perspectives of nanocarriers for intracellular drug delivery are discussed, which mainly focus on potential challenges and future directions. Our review presents an overview of intracellular drug delivery by nanocarriers, which may encourage the future development of nanocarriers for efficient and precision drug delivery into a wide range of cells and subcellular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17 South Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Horacio Cabral
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Peng Mi
- Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17 South Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
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6
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Jha A, Kumar M, Bharti K, Manjit M, Mishra B. Biopolymer-based tumor microenvironment-responsive nanomedicine for targeted cancer therapy. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2024; 19:633-651. [PMID: 38445583 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2023-0302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanomedicine has opened up new avenues for cancer treatment by enhancing drug solubility, permeability and targeted delivery to cancer cells. Despite its numerous advantages over conventional therapies, nanomedicine may exhibit off-target drug distribution, harming nontarget regions. The increased permeation and retention effect of nanomedicine in tumor sites also has its limitations, as abnormal tumor vasculature, dense stroma structure and altered tumor microenvironment (TME) may result in limited intratumor distribution and therapeutic failure. However, TME-responsive nanomedicine has exhibited immense potential for efficient, safe and precise delivery of therapeutics utilizing stimuli specific to the TME. This review discusses the mechanistic aspects of various TME-responsive biopolymers and their application in developing various types of TME-responsive nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Jha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Kanchan Bharti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Manjit Manjit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Brahmeshwar Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
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7
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Zhao H, Li Y, Chen J, Zhang J, Yang Q, Cui J, Shi A, Wu J. Environmental stimulus-responsive mesoporous silica nanoparticles as anticancer drug delivery platforms. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 234:113758. [PMID: 38241892 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.113758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Currently, cancer poses a significant health challenge in the medical community. Traditional chemotherapeutic agents are often accompanied by toxic side effects and limited therapeutic efficacy, restricting their application and advancement in cancer treatment. Therefore, there is an urgent need for developing intelligent drug release systems. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have many advantages, such as a large specific surface area, substantial pore volume and size, adjustable mesoporous material pore size, excellent biocompatibility, and thermodynamic stability, making them ideal carriers for drug delivery and release. Additionally, they have been widely used to develop novel anticancer drug carriers. Recently, MSNs have been employed to design responsive systems that react to the tumor microenvironment and external stimuli for controlled release of anticancer drugs. This includes factors within the intratumor environment, such as pH, temperature, enzymes, and glutathione as well as external tumor stimuli, such as light, magnetic field, and ultrasound, among others. In this review, we discuss the research progress on environmental stimulus-responsive MSNs in anticancer drug delivery systems, including internal and external environment single stimulus-responsive release and combined stimulus-responsive release. We also summarize the current challenges associated with environmental stimulus-responsive MSNs and elucidate future directions, providing a reference for the functionalization modification and practical application of these MSNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Zhao
- Department of Basic Medical, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China; Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Geriatrics, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan 650034, China; Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Jiaxin Chen
- Department of Basic Medical, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China; Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Jinjia Zhang
- Department of Basic Medical, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China; Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Qiuqiong Yang
- Department of Basic Medical, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China; Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Ji Cui
- Department of Basic Medical, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China; Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Anhua Shi
- Department of Basic Medical, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China; Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China.
| | - Junzi Wu
- Department of Basic Medical, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China; Department of Geriatrics, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan 650034, China; Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China.
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8
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Ebrahimnejad P, Mohammadi Z, Babaei A, Ahmadi M, Amirkhanloo S, Asare-Addo K, Nokhodchid A. Novel Strategies Using Sagacious Targeting for Site-Specific Drug Delivery in Breast Cancer Treatment: Clinical Potential and Applications. Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst 2024; 41:35-84. [PMID: 37824418 DOI: 10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.v41.i1.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
For more than a decade, researchers have been working to achieve new strategies and smart targeting drug delivery techniques and technologies to treat breast cancer (BC). Nanotechnology presents a hopeful strategy for targeted drug delivery into the building of new therapeutics using the properties of nanomaterials. Nanoparticles are of high regard in the field of diagnosis and the treatment of cancer. The use of these nanoparticles as an encouraging approach in the treatment of various cancers has drawn the interest of researchers in recent years. In order to achieve the maximum therapeutic effectiveness in the treatment of BC, combination therapy has also been adopted, leading to minimal side effects and thus an enhancement in the quality of life for patients. This review article compares, discusses and criticizes the approaches to treat BC using novel design strategies and smart targeting of site-specific drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedram Ebrahimnejad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Zahra Mohammadi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Babaei
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Melika Ahmadi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Shervin Amirkhanloo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Kofi Asare-Addo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK
| | - Ali Nokhodchid
- Lupin Pharmaceutical Research Center, Coral Springs, Florida, USA; Pharmaceutics Research Lab, Arundel Building, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
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9
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Ma B, Shi J, Zhang Y, Li Z, Yong H, Zhou YN, Liu S, A S, Zhou D. Enzymatically Activatable Polymers for Disease Diagnosis and Treatment. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2306358. [PMID: 37992728 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202306358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
The irregular expression or activity of enzymes in the human body leads to various pathological disorders and can therefore be used as an intrinsic trigger for more precise identification of disease foci and controlled release of diagnostics and therapeutics, leading to improved diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and therapeutic efficacy while reducing systemic toxicity. Advanced synthesis strategies enable the preparation of polymers with enzymatically activatable skeletons or side chains, while understanding enzymatically responsive mechanisms promotes rational incorporation of activatable units and predictions of the release profile of diagnostics and therapeutics, ultimately leading to promising applications in disease diagnosis and treatment with superior biocompatibility and efficiency. By overcoming the challenges, new opportunities will emerge to inspire researchers to develop more efficient, safer, and clinically reliable enzymatically activatable polymeric carriers as well as prodrugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Ma
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Jiahao Shi
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Yuhe Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Zhili Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Haiyang Yong
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Ya-Nan Zhou
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Sigen A
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Dezhong Zhou
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
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10
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Shaik BB, Katari NK, Jonnalagadda SB. Internal stimuli-responsive nanocarriers for controlled anti-cancer drug release: a review. Ther Deliv 2023; 14:595-613. [PMID: 37877308 DOI: 10.4155/tde-2023-0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer disease is one of the most frequent life-threatening, with a high fatality rate worldwide. However, recent immunotherapy studies in various tumours have yielded unsatisfactory outcomes, with just a few individuals experiencing long-term responses. To overcome these issues, nowadays internal stimuli-responsive nanocarriers have been widely exploited to transport a wide range of active substances, including peptides, genes and medicines. These nanosystems could be chemically adjusted to produce target-based drug release at the target location, minimizing pathological and physiological difficulties while increasing therapeutic efficiency. This review highlights the various types of internal stimuli-responsive nanocarriers and applications in cancer diagnosis. This study can provide inspiration and impetus for exploiting more promising internal stimuli-responsive nanosystems for drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baji Baba Shaik
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be) University, Hyderabad, Telangana, 502329, India
- School of Chemistry & Physics, Westville Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P Bag X 54001, Durban, 4000, Kwa-Zulu Natal, South Africa
| | - Naresh Kumar Katari
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be) University, Hyderabad, Telangana, 502329, India
- School of Chemistry & Physics, Westville Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P Bag X 54001, Durban, 4000, Kwa-Zulu Natal, South Africa
| | - Sreekanth B Jonnalagadda
- School of Chemistry & Physics, Westville Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P Bag X 54001, Durban, 4000, Kwa-Zulu Natal, South Africa
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11
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Junyaprasert VB, Thummarati P. Innovative Design of Targeted Nanoparticles: Polymer-Drug Conjugates for Enhanced Cancer Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2216. [PMID: 37765185 PMCID: PMC10537251 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymer-drug conjugates (PDCs) have shown great promise in enhancing the efficacy and safety of cancer therapy. These conjugates combine the advantageous properties of both polymers and drugs, leading to improved pharmacokinetics, controlled drug release, and targeted delivery to tumor tissues. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent developments in PDCs for cancer therapy. First, various types of polymers used in these conjugates are discussed, including synthetic polymers, such as poly(↋-caprolactone) (PCL), D-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol (TPGS), and polyethylene glycol (PEG), as well as natural polymers such as hyaluronic acid (HA). The choice of polymer is crucial to achieving desired properties, such as stability, biocompatibility, and controlled drug release. Subsequently, the strategies for conjugating drugs to polymers are explored, including covalent bonding, which enables a stable linkage between the polymer and the drug, ensuring controlled release and minimizing premature drug release. The use of polymers can extend the circulation time of the drug, facilitating enhanced accumulation within tumor tissues through the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. This, in turn, results in improved drug efficacy and reduced systemic toxicity. Moreover, the importance of tumor-targeting ligands in PDCs is highlighted. Various ligands, such as antibodies, peptides, aptamers, folic acid, herceptin, and HA, can be incorporated into conjugates to selectively deliver the drug to tumor cells, reducing off-target effects and improving therapeutic outcomes. In conclusion, PDCs have emerged as a versatile and effective approach to cancer therapy. Their ability to combine the advantages of polymers and drugs offers enhanced drug delivery, controlled release, and targeted treatment, thereby improving the overall efficacy and safety of cancer therapies. Further research and development in this field has great potential to advance personalized cancer treatment options.
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12
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Hu Y, Fan Y, Chen B, Li H, Zhang G, Su J. Stimulus-responsive peptide hydrogels: a safe and least invasive administration approach for tumor treatment. J Drug Target 2023:1-17. [PMID: 37469142 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2023.2236332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Tumours, with increasing mortality around the world, have bothered human beings for decades. Enhancing the targeting of antitumor drugs to tumour tissues is the key to enhancing their antitumor effects. The tumour microenvironment is characterised by a relatively low pH, overexpression of certain enzymes, redox imbalance, etc. Therefore, smart drug delivery systems that respond to the tumour microenvironment have been proposed to selectively release antitumor drugs. Among them, peptide hydrogels as a local drug delivery system have received much attention due to advantages such as high biocompatibility, degradability and high water-absorbing capacity. The combination of peptide segments with different physiological functions allows for tumour targeting, self-aggregation, responsiveness, etc. Morphological and microstructural changes in peptide hydrogels can occur when utilising the inherent pathological microenvironment of tumours to trigger drug release, which endows such systems with limited adverse effects and improved therapeutic efficiency. Herein, this review outlined the driving forces, impact factors, and sequence design in peptide hydrogels. We also discussed the triggers to induce the transformation of peptide-based hydrogels in the tumour microenvironment and described the advancements of peptide-based hydrogels for local drug delivery in tumour treatment. Finally, we gave a brief perspective on the prospects and challenges in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Hu
- National '111' Centre for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Cooperative Innovation Centre of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Fan
- Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Ban Chen
- National '111' Centre for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Cooperative Innovation Centre of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Li
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Gang Zhang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Equipment Intensification and Intrinsic Safety, School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Jiangtao Su
- National '111' Centre for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Cooperative Innovation Centre of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
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13
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Luo S, Lv Z, Yang Q, Chang R, Wu J. Research Progress on Stimulus-Responsive Polymer Nanocarriers for Cancer Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1928. [PMID: 37514114 PMCID: PMC10386740 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
As drug carriers for cancer treatment, stimulus-responsive polymer nanomaterials are a major research focus. These nanocarriers respond to specific stimulus signals (e.g., pH, redox, hypoxia, enzymes, temperature, and light) to precisely control drug release, thereby improving drug uptake rates in cancer cells and reducing drug damage to normal cells. Therefore, we reviewed the research progress in the past 6 years and the mechanisms underpinning single and multiple stimulus-responsive polymer nanocarriers in tumour therapy. The advantages and disadvantages of various stimulus-responsive polymeric nanomaterials are summarised, and the future outlook is provided to provide a scientific and theoretical rationale for further research, development, and utilisation of stimulus-responsive nanocarriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shicui Luo
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
- Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Zhuo Lv
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
- Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Qiuqiong Yang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Renjie Chang
- Center of Digestive Endoscopy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650021, China
| | - Junzi Wu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
- Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
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14
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Raj S, Unsworth LD. Targeting active sites of inflammation using inherent properties of tissue-resident mast cells. Acta Biomater 2023; 159:21-37. [PMID: 36657696 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Mast cells play a pivotal role in initiating and directing host's immune response. They reside in tissues that primarily interface with the external environment. Activated mast cells respond to environmental cues throughout acute and chronic inflammation through releasing immune mediators via rapid degranulation, or long-term de novo expression. Mast cell activation results in the rapid release of a variety of unique enzymes and reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, the increased density of mast cell unique receptors like mas related G protein-coupled receptor X2 also characterizes the inflamed tissues. The presence of these molecules (either released mediators or surface receptors) are particular to the sites of active inflammation, and are a result of mast cell activation. Herein, the molecular design principles for capitalizing on these novel mast cell properties is discussed with the goal of manipulating localized inflammation. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Mast cells are immune regulating cells that play a crucial role in both innate and adaptive immune responses. The activation of mast cells causes the release of multiple unique profiles of biomolecules, which are specific to both tissue and disease. These unique characteristics are tightly regulated and afford a localized stimulus for targeting inflammatory diseases. Herein, these important mast cell attributes are discussed in the frame of highlighting strategies for the design of bioresponsive functional materials to target regions of inflammations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shammy Raj
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Donadeo Innovation Centre for Engineering, 9211-116 Street NW, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G1H9, Canada
| | - Larry D Unsworth
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Donadeo Innovation Centre for Engineering, 9211-116 Street NW, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G1H9, Canada.
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15
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Purohit P, Bhatt A, Mittal RK, Abdellattif MH, Farghaly TA. Polymer Grafting and its chemical reactions. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 10:1044927. [PMID: 36714621 PMCID: PMC9874337 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1044927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymer grafting is a technique to improve the morphology, chemical, and physical properties of the polymer. This technique has the potential to improve the existing conduction and properties of polymers other than charge transport; as a result, it enhances the solubility, nano-dimensional morphology, biocompatibility, bio-communication, and other property of parent polymer. A polymer's physicochemical properties can be modified even further by creating a copolymer with another polymer or by grafting. Here in the various chemical approaches for polymer grafting, like free radical, click reaction, amide formation, and alkylation have been discussed with their importance, moreover the process and its importance are covered comprehensively with their scientific explanation. The present review also covers the effectiveness of the graft-to approaches and its application in various fields, which will give reader a glimpse about polymer grafting and its uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyank Purohit
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, India,*Correspondence: Priyank Purohit, ,
| | - Akanksha Bhatt
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, India
| | | | | | - Thoraya A. Farghaly
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Rana A, Adhikary M, Singh PK, Das BC, Bhatnagar S. "Smart" drug delivery: A window to future of translational medicine. Front Chem 2023; 10:1095598. [PMID: 36688039 PMCID: PMC9846181 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1095598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy is the mainstay of cancer treatment today. Chemotherapeutic drugs are non-selective and can harm both cancer and healthy cells, causing a variety of adverse effects such as lack of specificity, cytotoxicity, short half-life, poor solubility, multidrug resistance, and acquiring cancer stem-like characteristics. There is a paradigm shift in drug delivery systems (DDS) with the advent of smarter ways of targeted cancer treatment. Smart Drug Delivery Systems (SDDSs) are stimuli responsive and can be modified in chemical structure in response to light, pH, redox, magnetic fields, and enzyme degradation can be future of translational medicine. Therefore, SDDSs have the potential to be used as a viable cancer treatment alternative to traditional chemotherapy. This review focuses mostly on stimuli responsive drug delivery, inorganic nanocarriers (Carbon nanotubes, gold nanoparticles, Meso-porous silica nanoparticles, quantum dots etc.), organic nanocarriers (Dendrimers, liposomes, micelles), antibody-drug conjugates (ADC) and small molecule drug conjugates (SMDC) based SDDSs for targeted cancer therapy and strategies of targeted drug delivery systems in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhilash Rana
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Meheli Adhikary
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Praveen Kumar Singh
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bhudev C. Das
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India,Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Seema Bhatnagar
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India,*Correspondence: Seema Bhatnagar,
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17
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Rajana N, Mounika A, Chary PS, Bhavana V, Urati A, Khatri D, Singh SB, Mehra NK. Multifunctional hybrid nanoparticles in diagnosis and therapy of breast cancer. J Control Release 2022; 352:1024-1047. [PMID: 36379278 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most prevalent non-cutaneous malignancy in women, with greater than a million new cases every year. In the last decennium, numerous diagnostic and treatment approaches have been enormously studied for Breast cancer. Among the different approaches, nanotechnology has appeared as a promising approach in preclinical and clinical studies for early diagnosis of primary tumors and metastases and eradicating tumor cells. Each of these nanocarriers has its particular advantages and drawbacks. Combining two or more than two constituents in a single nanocarrier system leads to the generation of novel multifunctional Hybrid Nanocarriers with improved structural and biological properties. These novel Hybrid Nanocarriers have the capability to overcome the drawbacks of individual constituents while having the advantages of those components. Various hybrid nanocarriers such as lipid polymer hybrid nanoparticles, inorganic hybrid nanoparticles, metal-organic hybrid nanoparticles, and hybrid carbon nanocarriers are utilized for the diagnosis and treatment of various cancers. Certainly, Hybrid Nanocarriers have the capability to encapsulate multiple cargos, targeting agents, enhancement in encapsulation, stability, circulation time, and structural disintegration compared to non-hybrid nanocarriers. Many studies have been conducted to investigate the utilization of Hybrid nanocarriers in breast cancer for imaging platforms, photothermal and photodynamic therapy, chemotherapy, gene therapy, and combinational therapy. In this review, we mainly discussed in detailed about of preparation techniques and toxicological considerations of hybrid nanoparticles. This review also discussed the role of hybrid nanocarriers as a diagnostic and therapeutic agent for the treatment of breast cancer along with alternative treatment approaches apart from chemotherapy including photothermal and photodynamic therapy, gene therapy, and combinational therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Rajana
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Aare Mounika
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Padakanti Sandeep Chary
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Valamla Bhavana
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Anuradha Urati
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Dharmendra Khatri
- Department of Biological science, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- Department of Biological science, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Neelesh Kumar Mehra
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
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18
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Kesharwani P, Chadar R, Shukla R, Jain GK, Aggarwal G, Abourehab MAS, Sahebkar A. Recent advances in multifunctional dendrimer-based nanoprobes for breast cancer theranostics. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2022; 33:2433-2471. [PMID: 35848467 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2022.2103627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) undoubtedly is one of the most common type of cancers amongst women, which causes about 5 million deaths annually. The treatments and diagnostic therapy choices currently available for Breast Cancer is very much limited . Advancements in novel nanocarrier could be a promising strategy for diagnosis and treatments of this deadly disease. Dendrimer nanoformulation could be functionalized and explored for efficient targeting of overexpressed receptors on Breast Cancer cells to achieve targeted drug delivery, for diagnostics and to overcome the resistance of the cells towards particular chemotherapeutic. Additionally, the dendrimer have shown promising potential in the improvement of therapeutic value for Breast Cancer therapy by achieving synergistic co-delivery of chemotherapeutics and genetic materials for multidirectional treatment. In this review, we have highlighted the application of dendrimer as novel multifunctional nanoplatforms for the treatment and diagnosis of Breast Cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India.,University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Rahul Chadar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Rahul Shukla
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli, Lucknow, U.P, India
| | - Gaurav K Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Pharmaceutical Science and Research University, New Delhi, India
| | - Geeta Aggarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Pharmaceutical Science and Research University, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohammed A S Abourehab
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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19
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Hawthorne D, Pannala A, Sandeman S, Lloyd A. Sustained and targeted delivery of hydrophilic drug compounds: A review of existing and novel technologies from bench to bedside. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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20
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Veletić M, Apu EH, Simić M, Bergsland J, Balasingham I, Contag CH, Ashammakhi N. Implants with Sensing Capabilities. Chem Rev 2022; 122:16329-16363. [PMID: 35981266 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Because of the aging human population and increased numbers of surgical procedures being performed, there is a growing number of biomedical devices being implanted each year. Although the benefits of implants are significant, there are risks to having foreign materials in the body that may lead to complications that may remain undetectable until a time at which the damage done becomes irreversible. To address this challenge, advances in implantable sensors may enable early detection of even minor changes in the implants or the surrounding tissues and provide early cues for intervention. Therefore, integrating sensors with implants will enable real-time monitoring and lead to improvements in implant function. Sensor integration has been mostly applied to cardiovascular, neural, and orthopedic implants, and advances in combined implant-sensor devices have been significant, yet there are needs still to be addressed. Sensor-integrating implants are still in their infancy; however, some have already made it to the clinic. With an interdisciplinary approach, these sensor-integrating devices will become more efficient, providing clear paths to clinical translation in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mladen Veletić
- Department of Electronic Systems, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.,The Intervention Centre, Technology and Innovation Clinic, Oslo University Hospital, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ehsanul Hoque Apu
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ) and Department of Biomedical Engineering (BME), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States.,Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105, United States
| | - Mitar Simić
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Banja Luka, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Jacob Bergsland
- The Intervention Centre, Technology and Innovation Clinic, Oslo University Hospital, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ilangko Balasingham
- Department of Electronic Systems, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.,The Intervention Centre, Technology and Innovation Clinic, Oslo University Hospital, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Christopher H Contag
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ) and Department of Biomedical Engineering (BME), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Nureddin Ashammakhi
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ) and Department of Biomedical Engineering (BME), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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21
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Dey AD, Bigham A, Esmaeili Y, Ashrafizadeh M, Moghaddam FD, Tan SC, Yousefiasl S, Sharma S, Maleki A, Rabiee N, Kumar AP, Thakur VK, Orive G, Sharifi E, Kumar A, Makvandi P. Dendrimers as nanoscale vectors: Unlocking the bars of cancer therapy. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:396-419. [PMID: 35700939 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy is the first choice in the treatment of cancer and is always preferred to other approaches such as radiation and surgery, but it has never met the need of patients for a safe and effective drug. Therefore, new advances in cancer treatment are now needed to reduce the side effects and burdens associated with chemotherapy for cancer patients. Targeted treatment using nanotechnology are now being actively explored as they could effectively deliver therapeutic agents to tumor cells without affecting normal cells. Dendrimers are promising nanocarriers with distinct physiochemical properties that have received considerable attention in cancer therapy studies, which is partly due to the numerous functional groups on their surface. In this review, we discuss the progress of different types of dendrimers as delivery systems in cancer therapy, focusing on the challenges, opportunities, and functionalities of the polymeric molecules. The paper also reviews the various role of dendrimers in their entry into cells via endocytosis, as well as the molecular and inflammatory pathways in cancer. In addition, various dendrimers-based drug delivery (e.g., pH-responsive, enzyme-responsive, redox-responsive, thermo-responsive, etc.) and lipid-, amino acid-, polymer- and nanoparticle-based modifications for gene delivery, as well as co-delivery of drugs and genes in cancer therapy with dendrimers, are presented. Finally, biosafety concerns and issues hindering the transition of dendrimers from research to the clinic are discussed to shed light on their clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmita Deka Dey
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Ashkan Bigham
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials-National Research Council (IPCB-CNR), Viale J.F. Kennedy 54-Mostra d'Oltremare pad. 20, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Yasaman Esmaeili
- Biosensor Research Center (BRC), School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey; Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Farnaz Dabbagh Moghaddam
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1477893855, Iran
| | - Shing Cheng Tan
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Satar Yousefiasl
- School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, 6517838736 Hamadan, Iran
| | - Saurav Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Aziz Maleki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, 45139-56184 Zanjan, Iran; Zanjan Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center (ZPNRC), Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, 45139-56184 Zanjan, Iran; Cancer Research Centre, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 1989934148 Tehran, Iran
| | - Navid Rabiee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, South Korea; School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117600, Singapore; NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Vijay Kumar Thakur
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK; School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India; Centre for Research & Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, Punjab, India
| | - Gorka Orive
- NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology - UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Esmaeel Sharifi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council (IPCB-CNR), Naples, 80125 Italy.
| | - Arun Kumar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India.
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Centre for Materials Interfaces, Pontedera, 56025 Pisa, Italy.
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22
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Javia A, Vanza J, Bardoliwala D, Ghosh S, Misra A, Patel M, Thakkar H. Polymer-drug conjugates: Design principles, emerging synthetic strategies and clinical overview. Int J Pharm 2022; 623:121863. [PMID: 35643347 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Adagen, an enzyme replacement treatment for adenosine deaminase deficiency, was the first protein-polymer conjugate to be approved in early 1990s. Post this regulatory approval, numerous polymeric drugs and polymeric nanoparticles have entered the market as advanced or next-generation polymer-based therapeutics, while many others have currently been tested clinically. The polymer conjugation to therapeutic moiety offers several advantages, like enhanced solubilization of drug, controlled release, reduced immunogenicity, and prolonged circulation. The present review intends to highlight considerations in the design of therapeutically effective polymer-drug conjugates (PDCs), including the choice of linker chemistry. The potential synthetic strategies to formulate PDCs have been discussed along with recent advancements in the different types of PDCs, i.e., polymer-small molecular weight drug conjugates, polymer-protein conjugates, and stimuli-responsive PDCs, which are under clinical/preclinical investigation. Current impediments and regulatory hurdles hindering the clinical translation of PDC into effective therapeutic regimens for the amelioration of disease conditions have been addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Javia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kalabhavan Campus, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat-390001, India
| | - Jigar Vanza
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ramanbhai Patel College of Pharmacy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Changa, Gujarat-388421, India
| | - Denish Bardoliwala
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kalabhavan Campus, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat-390001, India
| | - Saikat Ghosh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kalabhavan Campus, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat-390001, India
| | - Ambikanandan Misra
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kalabhavan Campus, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat-390001, India; Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, Shirpur, Maharashtra-425405, Indi
| | - Mrunali Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ramanbhai Patel College of Pharmacy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Changa, Gujarat-388421, India
| | - Hetal Thakkar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kalabhavan Campus, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat-390001, India.
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23
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Functionalization of Nanoparticulate Drug Delivery Systems and Its Influence in Cancer Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14051113. [PMID: 35631699 PMCID: PMC9145684 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14051113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Research into the application of nanocarriers in the delivery of cancer-fighting drugs has been a promising research area for decades. On the other hand, their cytotoxic effects on cells, low uptake efficiency, and therapeutic resistance have limited their therapeutic use. However, the urgency of pressing healthcare needs has resulted in the functionalization of nanoparticles' (NPs) physicochemical properties to improve clinical outcomes of new, old, and repurposed drugs. This article reviews recent research on methods for targeting functionalized nanoparticles to the tumor microenvironment (TME). Additionally, the use of relevant engineering techniques for surface functionalization of nanocarriers (liposomes, dendrimers, and mesoporous silica) and their critical roles in overcoming the current limitations in cancer therapy-targeting ligands used for targeted delivery, stimuli strategies, and multifunctional nanoparticles-were all reviewed. The limitations and future perspectives of functionalized nanoparticles were also finally discussed. Using relevant keywords, published scientific literature from all credible sources was retrieved. A quick search of the literature yielded almost 400 publications. The subject matter of this review was addressed adequately using an inclusion/exclusion criterion. The content of this review provides a reasonable basis for further studies to fully exploit the potential of these nanoparticles in cancer therapy.
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24
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Jing X, Hu H, Sun Y, Yu B, Cong H, Shen Y. The Intracellular and Extracellular Microenvironment of Tumor Site: The Trigger of Stimuli-Responsive Drug Delivery Systems. SMALL METHODS 2022; 6:e2101437. [PMID: 35048560 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202101437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME), including intracellular and extracellular microenvironment, contains many biochemical indicators (such as acidity/alkalinity, oxygen content, and enzymatic activity) that are different from the normal physiological environment. These abnormal biochemical indicators can accelerate the heterogeneity of tumors, but on the other hand, they also provide opportunities for the design of intelligent drug delivery systems (DDSs). The TME-responsive DDSs have shown great potential in reducing the side effects of chemotherapy and improving the curative effect of tumors. In this review, the abnormal biochemical indicators of TME are introduced in detail from both the extracellular and intracellular aspects. In view of the various physiological barriers encountered during drug delivery, the strategy of constructing TME-responsive DDSs is discussed. By summarizing the typical research progress, the authors prospect the development of TME-responsive DDS in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Jing
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Hao Hu
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yanzhen Sun
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Bing Yu
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Hailin Cong
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Youqing Shen
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Center for Bionanoengineering, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
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25
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Xie F, Li R, Shu W, Zhao L, Wan J. Self-assembly of Peptide dendrimers and their bio-applications in theranostics. Mater Today Bio 2022; 14:100239. [PMID: 35295319 PMCID: PMC8919296 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology has brought revolutionized advances in disease diagnosis and therapy. Self-assembled peptide dendrimers own novel physicochemical properties through the synergistic effects of the polypeptide chain, dendrimer and nano-structure, exhibiting great potential in theranostic. This review provides comprehensive insights into various peptide dendrimers for self-assembly. Their nanosize, morphology and composition are presented to understand self-assembly behaviors precisely. We further introduce the emerging theranostic applications based on specific imaging and efficient delivery recently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjuan Xie
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Rongxin Li
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Weikang Shu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Liang Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Jingjing Wan
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
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26
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Torabi Fard N, Tadayon F, Ahmad Panahi H, Moniri E. The synthesis of functionalized graphene oxide by polyester dendrimer as a pH-sensitive nanocarrier for targeted delivery of venlafaxine hydrochloride: Central composite design optimization. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.118149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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27
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Zhang C, Zhou X, Zhang H, Han X, Li B, Yang R, Zhou X. Recent Progress of Novel Nanotechnology Challenging the Multidrug Resistance of Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:776895. [PMID: 35237155 PMCID: PMC8883114 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.776895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) of tumors is one of the clinical direct reasons for chemotherapy failure. MDR directly leads to tumor recurrence and metastasis, with extremely grievous mortality. Engineering a novel nano-delivery system for the treatment of MDR tumors has become an important part of nanotechnology. Herein, this review will take those different mechanisms of MDR as the classification standards and systematically summarize the advances in nanotechnology targeting different mechanisms of MDR in recent years. However, it still needs to be seriously considered that there are still some thorny problems in the application of the nano-delivery system against MDR tumors, including the excessive utilization of carrier materials, low drug-loading capacity, relatively narrow targeting mechanism, and so on. It is hoped that through the continuous development of nanotechnology, nano-delivery systems with more universal uses and a simpler preparation process can be obtained, for achieving the goal of defeating cancer MDR and accelerating clinical transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyuan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuemei Zhou
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Hanyi Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuanliang Han
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Baijun Li
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Ran Yang
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Xing Zhou
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China
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Narayanan P, Anitha AK, Ajayakumar N, Kumar KS. Poly-Lysine Dendritic Nanocarrier to Target Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Overexpressed Breast Cancer for Methotrexate Delivery. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:800. [PMID: 35160746 PMCID: PMC8836561 DOI: 10.3390/ma15030800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A fourth generation poly-lysine dendritic nanocarrier (P4LDN)-based targeted chemotherapy for breast cancer is attempted by incorporating an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-specific short peptide E2 (ARSHVGYTGAR) and the drug methotrexate (MTX) into a nanocarrier system. The drug is incorporated into the nanocarrier using a cathepsin B cleavable spacer: glycine-phenylalanine-leucine-glycine (GFLG). The in vitro analysis of the time-dependent drug release, binding and internalization ability, and the cytotoxic nature showed that this drug delivery system (DDS) is highly effective. The efficacy analysis using non-obese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency (NOD-SCID) mice also showed that compared to the control group, the DDS can effectively reduce tumor volume. The mice that received the DDS appeared to gain weight more rapidly than the free drug, which suggests that the dendrimer is more easily tolerated by mice than the free drug.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kesavakurup Santhosh Kumar
- Pathogen Biology Division, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Bio-Innovation Centre, KINFRA Park, Chanthavila (PO), Thiruvananthapuram 695585, Kerala, India; (P.N.); (A.K.A.); (N.A.)
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29
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Wang M, Gao B, Wang X, Li W, Feng Y. Enzyme-responsive strategy as a prospective cue to construct intelligent biomaterials for disease diagnosis and therapy. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:1883-1903. [DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00067a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive materials have been widely studied and applied in biomedical field. Under the stimulation of enzymes, the enzyme-responsive materials (ERMs) can be triggered to change their structures, properties and functions....
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30
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Han H, Li S, Zhong Y, Huang Y, Wang K, Jin Q, Ji J, Yao K. Emerging pro-drug and nano-drug strategies for gemcitabine-based cancer therapy. Asian J Pharm Sci 2022; 17:35-52. [PMID: 35261643 PMCID: PMC8888143 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Gemcitabine has been extensively applied in treating various solid tumors. Nonetheless, the clinical performance of gemcitabine is severely restricted by its unsatisfactory pharmacokinetic parameters and easy deactivation mainly because of its rapid deamination, deficiencies in deoxycytidine kinase (DCK), and alterations in nucleoside transporter. On this account, repeated injections with a high concentration of gemcitabine are adopted, leading to severe systemic toxicity to healthy cells. Accordingly, it is highly crucial to fabricate efficient gemcitabine delivery systems to obtain improved therapeutic efficacy of gemcitabine. A large number of gemcitabine pro-drugs were synthesized by chemical modification of gemcitabine to improve its biostability and bioavailability. Besides, gemcitabine-loaded nano-drugs were prepared to improve the delivery efficiency. In this review article, we introduced different strategies for improving the therapeutic performance of gemcitabine by the fabrication of pro-drugs and nano-drugs. We hope this review will provide new insight into the rational design of gemcitabine-based delivery strategies for enhanced cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijie Han
- Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Su Li
- Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yueyang Zhong
- Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yue Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Qiao Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Ke Yao
- Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
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31
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Smart Nanocarriers as an Emerging Platform for Cancer Therapy: A Review. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 27:molecules27010146. [PMID: 35011376 PMCID: PMC8746670 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a group of disorders characterized by uncontrolled cell growth that affects around 11 million people each year globally. Nanocarrier-based systems are extensively used in cancer imaging, diagnostics as well as therapeutics; owing to their promising features and potential to augment therapeutic efficacy. The focal point of research remains to develop new-fangled smart nanocarriers that can selectively respond to cancer-specific conditions and deliver medications to target cells efficiently. Nanocarriers deliver loaded therapeutic cargos to the tumour site either in a passive or active mode, with the least drug elimination from the drug delivery systems. This review chiefly focuses on current advances allied to smart nanocarriers such as dendrimers, liposomes, mesoporous silica nanoparticles, quantum dots, micelles, superparamagnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes, to list a few. Exhaustive discussion on crucial topics like drug targeting, surface decorated smart-nanocarriers and stimuli-responsive cancer nanotherapeutics responding to temperature, enzyme, pH and redox stimuli have been covered.
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32
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Caballero D, Abreu CM, Lima AC, Neves NN, Reis RL, Kundu SC. Precision biomaterials in cancer theranostics and modelling. Biomaterials 2021; 280:121299. [PMID: 34871880 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite significant achievements in the understanding and treatment of cancer, it remains a major burden. Traditional therapeutic approaches based on the 'one-size-fits-all' paradigm are becoming obsolete, as demonstrated by the increasing number of patients failing to respond to treatments. In contrast, more precise approaches based on individualized genetic profiling of tumors have already demonstrated their potential. However, even more personalized treatments display shortcomings mainly associated with systemic delivery, such as low local drug efficacy or specificity. A large amount of effort is currently being invested in developing precision medicine-based strategies for improving the efficiency of cancer theranostics and modelling, which are envisioned to be more accurate, standardized, localized, and less expensive. To this end, interdisciplinary research fields, such as biomedicine, material sciences, pharmacology, chemistry, tissue engineering, and nanotechnology, must converge for boosting the precision cancer ecosystem. In this regard, precision biomaterials have emerged as a promising strategy to detect, model, and treat cancer more efficiently. These are defined as those biomaterials precisely engineered with specific theranostic functions and bioactive components, with the possibility to be tailored to the cancer patient needs, thus having a vast potential in the increasing demand for more efficient treatments. In this review, we discuss the latest advances in the field of precision biomaterials in cancer research, which are expected to revolutionize disease management, focusing on their uses for cancer modelling, detection, and therapeutic applications. We finally comment on the needed requirements to accelerate their application in the clinic to improve cancer patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Caballero
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Catarina M Abreu
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Ana C Lima
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Nuno N Neves
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Subhas C Kundu
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal.
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Berillo D, Yeskendir A, Zharkinbekov Z, Raziyeva K, Saparov A. Peptide-Based Drug Delivery Systems. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2021; 57:medicina57111209. [PMID: 34833427 PMCID: PMC8617776 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57111209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Peptide-based drug delivery systems have many advantages when compared to synthetic systems in that they have better biocompatibility, biochemical and biophysical properties, lack of toxicity, controlled molecular weight via solid phase synthesis and purification. Lysosomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, dendrimers, polymeric micelles can be applied by intravenous administration, however they are of artificial nature and thus may induce side effects and possess lack of ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier. An analysis of nontoxic drug delivery systems and an establishment of prospective trends in the development of drug delivery systems was needed. This review paper summarizes data, mainly from the past 5 years, devoted to the use of peptide-based carriers for delivery of various toxic drugs, mostly anticancer or drugs with limiting bioavailability. Peptide-based drug delivery platforms are utilized as peptide–drug conjugates, injectable biodegradable particles and depots for delivering small molecule pharmaceutical substances (500 Da) and therapeutic proteins. Controlled drug delivery systems that can effectively deliver anticancer and peptide-based drugs leading to accelerated recovery without significant side effects are discussed. Moreover, cell penetrating peptides and their molecular mechanisms as targeting peptides, as well as stimuli responsive (enzyme-responsive and pH-responsive) peptides and peptide-based self-assembly scaffolds are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitriy Berillo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, Pharmacognosy and Botany School of Pharmacy, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan
- Correspondence: (D.B.); (A.S.)
| | - Adilkhan Yeskendir
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan; (A.Y.); (Z.Z.); (K.R.)
| | - Zharylkasyn Zharkinbekov
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan; (A.Y.); (Z.Z.); (K.R.)
| | - Kamila Raziyeva
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan; (A.Y.); (Z.Z.); (K.R.)
| | - Arman Saparov
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan; (A.Y.); (Z.Z.); (K.R.)
- Correspondence: (D.B.); (A.S.)
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34
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Li N, Sun C, Jiang J, Wang A, Wang C, Shen Y, Huang B, An C, Cui B, Zhao X, Wang C, Gao F, Zhan S, Guo L, Zeng Z, Zhang L, Cui H, Wang Y. Advances in Controlled-Release Pesticide Formulations with Improved Efficacy and Targetability. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:12579-12597. [PMID: 34672558 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c05431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are commonly used in modern agriculture and are important for global food security. However, postapplication losses due to degradation, photolysis, evaporation, leaching, surface runoff, and other processes may substantially reduce their efficacy. Controlled-release formulations can achieve the permeation-regulated transfer of an active ingredient from a reservoir to a target surface. Thus, they can maintain an active ingredient at a predetermined concentration for a specified period. This can reduce degradation and dissipation and other losses and has the potential to improve efficacy. Recent developments in controlled-release technology have adapted the concepts of intelligence and precision from the pharmaceutical industry. In this review, we present recent advances in the development of controlled-release formulations and discuss details of the preparation methods, material improvements, and application technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningjun Li
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Changjiao Sun
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jiajun Jiang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Anqi Wang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chong Wang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yue Shen
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Bingna Huang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Changcheng An
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Bo Cui
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiang Zhao
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chunxin Wang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shenshan Zhan
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Liang Guo
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhanghua Zeng
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Haixin Cui
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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35
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Raza F, Siyu L, Zafar H, Kamal Z, Zheng B, Su J, Qiu M. Recent Advances in Gelatin-Based Nanomedicine for Targeted Delivery of Anti-Cancer Drugs. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 28:380-394. [PMID: 34727851 DOI: 10.2174/1381612827666211102100118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles based on natural polymers are utilized for the development of a wide range of drug delivery systems (DDS) in the current era. Gelatin-based nanoparticles, for example, are a remarkable cancer therapy with high efficacy and specificity. This paper reviews the recent advancements in gelatin-based nanomedicine for use in cancer therapeutics. Due to the characteristics features of gelatin, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, stability, and good surface properties, these nanoparticles provide high therapeutic potency in cancer nanomedicine. The surface of gelatin can be modified in a number of ways using various ligands to explore the platform for the development of a more novel DDS. Various methods are available for the preparation of gelatin nanomedicine discussed in this review. In addition, various cross-linkers to stabilized nanocarriers and stimuli base gelatin nanoparticles are reviewed. Furthermore, recent advances and research in gelatin-based nanomedicine are discussed. Also, some drawbacks and challenges are evaluated. In general, this paper paves the pathway to identify the details about the gelatin-based DDS for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Raza
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240. China
| | - Liu Siyu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240. China
| | - Hajra Zafar
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240. China
| | - Zul Kamal
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240. China
| | - Bo Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240. China
| | - Jing Su
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240. China
| | - Mingfeng Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240. China
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36
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García-Álvarez F, Martínez-García M. Click reaction in the synthesis of dendrimer drug-delivery systems. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:3445-3470. [PMID: 34711155 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666211027124724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Drug delivery systems are technologies designed for the targeted delivery and controlled release of medicinal agents. Among the materials employed as drug delivery systems, dendrimers have gained increasing interest in recent years because of their properties and structural characteristics. The use of dendrimer-nanocarrier formulations enhances the safety and bioavailability, increases the solubility in water, improves stability and pharmacokinetic profile, and enables efficient delivery of the target drug to a specific site. However, the synthesis of dendritic architectures through convergent or divergent methods has drawbacks and limitations that disrupt aspects related to design and construction and consequently slow down the transfer from academia to industry. In that sense, the implementation of click chemistry has been received increasing attention in the last years, because offers new efficient approaches to obtain dendritic species in good yields and higher monodispersity. This review focuses on recent strategies for building dendrimer drug delivery systems using click reactions from 2015 to early 2021. The dendritic structures showed in this review are based on β-cyclodextrins (β-CD), poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM), dendritic poly (lysine) (PLLD), dimethylolpropionic acid (bis-MPA), phosphoramidate (PAD), and poly(propargyl alcohol-4-mercaptobutyric (PPMA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando García-Álvarez
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, México D.F. Mexico
| | - Marcos Martínez-García
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, México D.F. Mexico
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37
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Taiariol L, Chaix C, Farre C, Moreau E. Click and Bioorthogonal Chemistry: The Future of Active Targeting of Nanoparticles for Nanomedicines? Chem Rev 2021; 122:340-384. [PMID: 34705429 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Over the years, click and bioorthogonal reactions have been the subject of considerable research efforts. These high-performance chemical reactions have been developed to meet requirements not often provided by the chemical reactions commonly used today in the biological environment, such as selectivity, rapid reaction rate, and biocompatibility. Click and bioorthogonal reactions have been attracting increasing attention in the biomedical field for the engineering of nanomedicines. In this review, we study a compilation of articles from 2014 to the present, using the terms "click chemistry and nanoparticles (NPs)" to highlight the application of this type of chemistry for applications involving NPs intended for biomedical applications. This study identifies the main strategies offered by click and bioorthogonal chemistry, with respect to passive and active targeting, for NP functionalization with specific and multiple properties for imaging and cancer therapy. In the final part, a novel and promising approach for "two step" targeting of NPs, called pretargeting (PT), is also discussed; the principle of this strategy as well as all the studies listed from 2014 to the present are presented in more detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludivine Taiariol
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques, BP 184, F-63005 Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Inserm U 1240, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Centre Jean Perrin, F-63011 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Carole Chaix
- Interfaces and Biosensors, UMR 5280, CNRS, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France.,Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Carole Farre
- Interfaces and Biosensors, UMR 5280, CNRS, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France.,Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Emmanuel Moreau
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques, BP 184, F-63005 Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Inserm U 1240, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Centre Jean Perrin, F-63011 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Chis AA, Dobrea CM, Rus LL, Frum A, Morgovan C, Butuca A, Totan M, Juncan AM, Gligor FG, Arseniu AM. Dendrimers as Non-Viral Vectors in Gene-Directed Enzyme Prodrug Therapy. Molecules 2021; 26:5976. [PMID: 34641519 PMCID: PMC8512881 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (GDEPT) has been intensively studied as a promising new strategy of prodrug delivery, with its main advantages being represented by an enhanced efficacy and a reduced off-target toxicity of the active drug. In recent years, numerous therapeutic systems based on GDEPT strategy have entered clinical trials. In order to deliver the desired gene at a specific site of action, this therapeutic approach uses vectors divided in two major categories, viral vectors and non-viral vectors, with the latter being represented by chemical delivery agents. There is considerable interest in the development of non-viral vectors due to their decreased immunogenicity, higher specificity, ease of synthesis and greater flexibility for subsequent modulations. Dendrimers used as delivery vehicles offer many advantages, such as: nanoscale size, precise molecular weight, increased solubility, high load capacity, high bioavailability and low immunogenicity. The aim of the present work was to provide a comprehensive overview of the recent advances regarding the use of dendrimers as non-viral carriers in the GDEPT therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Adina Frum
- Preclinical Department, Faculty of Medicine, “Lucian Blaga” University of Sibiu, 550169 Sibiu, Romania; (A.A.C.); (C.M.D.); (L.-L.R.); (A.B.); (M.T.); (A.M.J.); (F.G.G.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Claudiu Morgovan
- Preclinical Department, Faculty of Medicine, “Lucian Blaga” University of Sibiu, 550169 Sibiu, Romania; (A.A.C.); (C.M.D.); (L.-L.R.); (A.B.); (M.T.); (A.M.J.); (F.G.G.); (A.M.A.)
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Fawzi Kabil M, Nasr M, El-Sherbiny IM. Conventional and hybrid nanoparticulate systems for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: An updated review. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 167:9-37. [PMID: 34271117 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is considered a serious malignancy which affects a large number of people worldwide. Despite the presence of some diagnostic techniques for HCC, the fact that its symptoms somehow overlap with other diseases causes it to be diagnosed at a late stage, hence negatively affecting the prognosis of the disease. The currently available treatment strategies have many shortcomings such as high cost, induction of serious side effects as well as multiple drug resistance, hence resulting in therapeutic failure. Accordingly, nanoformulations have been developed in order to overcome the clinical challenges, enhance the therapeutic efficacy, and elicit chemotherapy tailor-ability. Hybrid nanoparticulate carriers in particular, which are composed of two or more drug vehicles with different physicochemical characteristics combined together in one system, have been recently reported to advance nanotechnology-based therapies. Therefore, this review sheds the light on HCC, and the role of nanotechnology and hybrid nanoparticulate carriers as well as the latest developments in the use of conventional nanoparticles in combating this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Fawzi Kabil
- Center for Materials Science, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th October City, Giza 12578, Egypt
| | - Maha Nasr
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim M El-Sherbiny
- Center for Materials Science, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th October City, Giza 12578, Egypt.
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40
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Kapalatiya H, Madav Y, Tambe VS, Wairkar S. Enzyme-responsive smart nanocarriers for targeted chemotherapy: an overview. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 12:1293-1305. [PMID: 34251612 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-021-01020-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Nanocarriers play pivotal roles in the field of biomedical applications, particularly in anticancer therapy. One of the prominent strategies for the transport of anticancer drugs with site-specific release and improved therapeutic efficacy is the use of an enzyme-responsive drug delivery system. There is an emerging class of cancer therapeutics engineered to control the release of a drug via enzymatic degradation. Enzymes, being an essential component of bio-nanotechnology toolbox, hold exceptional biorecognition abilities as well as outstanding catalytic properties. Often, abnormal enzyme expression observed in cancer offers many opportunities in designing nanocarriers modified with enzyme-labile linkage. Through altered physical or chemical characteristics of these nanocarriers or cleavage of the drug in response to the bio-action of enzyme, an on-demand drug release can be obtained. In this review, several classes of enzymes performing critical roles in cancer such as hydrolases, lipases, and oxidoreductases are summarized. Insights on various approaches that interfere with the mechanism of these enzymes have also been included. Finally, various smart nanocarriers such as mesoporous silica nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles, carbon-nanotubes, micelles, liposomes, and dendrimers serving as excellent platforms for enzyme-responsive formulations have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiral Kapalatiya
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKMs NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400056, India
| | - Yamini Madav
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKMs NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400056, India
| | - Varunesh Sanjay Tambe
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKMs NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400056, India
| | - Sarika Wairkar
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKMs NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400056, India.
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Zhu L, Shi Y, Xiong Y, Ba L, Li Q, Qiu M, Zou Z, Peng G. Emerging self-assembling peptide nanomaterial for anti-cancer therapy. J Biomater Appl 2021; 36:882-901. [PMID: 34180306 DOI: 10.1177/08853282211027882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recently it is mainly focused on anti-tumor comprehensive treatments like finding target tumor cells or activating immune cells to inhibit tumor recurrence and metastasis. At present, chemotherapy and molecular-targeted drugs can inhibit tumor cell growth to a certain extent. However, multi-drug resistance and immune escape often make it difficult for new drugs to achieve expected effects. Peptide hydrogel nanoparticles is a new type of biological material with functional peptide chains as the core and self-assembling peptide (SAP) as the framework. It has a variety of significant biological functions, including effective local inflammation suppression and non-drug-resistant cell killing. Besides, it can induce immune activation more persistently in an adjuvant independent manner when compared with simple peptides. Thus, SAP nanomaterial has great potential in regulating cell physiological functions, drug delivery and sensitization, vaccine design and immunotherapy. Not only that, it is also a potential way to focus on some specific proteins and cells through peptides, which has already been examined in previous research. A full understanding of the function and application of SAP nanoparticles can provide a simple and practical strategy for the development of anti-tumor drugs and vaccine design, which contributes to the historical transition of peptide nanohydrogels from bench to bedside and brings as much survival benefits as possible to cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisheng Zhu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yangyang Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Xiong
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Ba
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiuting Li
- Division of Gastroenterology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengjun Qiu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenwei Zou
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Peng
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Shrestha B, Wang L, Brey EM, Uribe GR, Tang L. Smart Nanoparticles for Chemo-Based Combinational Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:853. [PMID: 34201333 PMCID: PMC8227511 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13060853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a heterogeneous and complex disease. Traditional cancer therapy is associated with low therapeutic index, acquired resistance, and various adverse effects. With the increasing understanding of cancer biology and technology advancements, more strategies have been exploited to optimize the therapeutic outcomes. The rapid development and application of nanomedicine have motivated this progress. Combinational regimen, for instance, has become an indispensable approach for effective cancer treatment, including the combination of chemotherapeutic agents, chemo-energy, chemo-gene, chemo-small molecules, and chemo-immunology. Additionally, smart nanoplatforms that respond to external stimuli (such as light, temperature, ultrasound, and magnetic field), and/or to internal stimuli (such as changes in pH, enzymes, hypoxia, and redox) have been extensively investigated to improve precision therapy. Smart nanoplatforms for combinational therapy have demonstrated the potential to be the next generation cancer treatment regimen. This review aims to highlight the recent advances in smart combinational therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gabriela Romero Uribe
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA; (B.S.); (L.W.); (E.M.B.)
| | - Liang Tang
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA; (B.S.); (L.W.); (E.M.B.)
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Nguyen A, Böttger R, Li SD. Recent trends in bioresponsive linker technologies of Prodrug-Based Self-Assembling nanomaterials. Biomaterials 2021; 275:120955. [PMID: 34130143 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Prodrugs are designed to improve pharmaceutical properties of potent compounds and represent a central approach in drug development. The success of the prodrug strategy relies on incorporation of a reversible linkage facilitating controlled release of the parent drug. While prodrug approaches enhance pharmacokinetic properties over their parent drug, they still face challenges in absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination, and toxicity (ADMET). Conjugating a drug to a carrier molecule such as a polymer can create an amphiphile that self-assembles into nanoparticles. These nanoparticles display prolonged blood circulation and passive targeting ability. Furthermore, the drug release can be tailored using a variety of linkers between the parent drug and the carrier molecule. In this review, we introduce the concept of self-assembling prodrugs and summarize different approaches for controlling the drug release with a focus on the linker technology. We also summarize recent clinical trials, discuss the emerging challenges, and provide our perspective on the utility and future potential of this technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Nguyen
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Roland Böttger
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Shyh-Dar Li
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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Chen S, Huang S, Li Y, Zhou C. Recent Advances in Epsilon-Poly-L-Lysine and L-Lysine-Based Dendrimer Synthesis, Modification, and Biomedical Applications. Front Chem 2021; 9:659304. [PMID: 33869146 PMCID: PMC8044885 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.659304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
With the advantages in biocompatibility, antimicrobial ability, and comparative facile synthesis technology, poly-L-lysine (PLL) has received considerable attention in recent years. Different arrangement forms and structures of the backbone endow lysine-based polymers with versatile applications, especially for ε-poly-L-lysine (EPL) and lysine-based dendrimer (LBD) compounds. This review summarized the advanced development of the synthesis and modification strategies of EPL and LBD, focus on the modification of bio-synthesis and artificial synthesis, respectively. Meanwhile, biomedical fields, where EPL and LBD are mainly utilized, such as agents, adjuvants, or carriers to anti-pathogen or used in tumor or gene therapies, are also introduced. With the deeper of knowledge of pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of the drug system, the design and synthesis of these drugs can be further optimized. Furthermore, the performances of combination with other advanced methodologies and technologies demonstrated that challenges, such as scale production and high expenses, will not hinder the prospective future of lysine-based polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yan Li
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuncai Zhou
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Understanding Physico-chemical Interactions of Dendrimers with Guest Molecules for Efficient Drug and Gene Delivery. CURRENT PATHOBIOLOGY REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40139-021-00221-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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46
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Paroha S, Verma J, Dubey RD, Dewangan RP, Molugulu N, Bapat RA, Sahoo PK, Kesharwani P. Recent advances and prospects in gemcitabine drug delivery systems. Int J Pharm 2021; 592:120043. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.120043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Jin R, Sun J, Zhou L, Guo X, Cao A. Dual-responsive click-crosslinked micelles designed for enhanced chemotherapy for solid tumors. Biomater Sci 2021; 8:2507-2513. [PMID: 32211707 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm00078g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The design of multiple stimuli-responsive, stable polymeric drug carriers is key for efficient drug release against solid tumors. Herein, core-crosslinked micelles were readily prepared from a pair of redox/pH-sensitive clickable copolymers. The two copolymers comprised the same poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-poly(ε-benzyloxycarbonyl-l-lysine) (PZLL) block but with either disulfide-linked azadibenzocyclooctyne (DBCO) or azide (AZ) group-tagged branched polyethylenimine (BPEI, 1.8 kDa). The data showed that an equivalent of the two copolymers could self-assemble into nanosized micelles with the crosslinked core via the DBCO-AZ click chemistry. The click-crosslinked micelles showed excellent size stability under multiple dilutions but destabilization in an acidic or reductive environment. Besides, they could load doxorubicin (DOX), an anticancer drug, and mediate slow drug release in a neutral environment but sufficient drug unloading under acidic plus reductive conditions. In vitro, DOX-loaded crosslinked micelles led to higher DOX accumulation in the cellular nucleus in comparison with non-crosslinked micelles from the PEG-PZLL-BPEI copolymer (PP), thus causing more marked cytotoxicity in SKOV-3 cells. In vivo, DOX-loaded crosslinked micelles caused significant growth inhibition of SKOV-3 tumors xenografted in BALB/c nude mice, and showed superior anticancer efficacy to non-crosslinked PP micelles. Chemotherapy with core-crosslinked micelles had no adverse side effects on the health (serum levels and body weight) of the mice. This study highlights the design of clickable block copolymers to easily construct core-crosslinked and multiple stimuli-responsive micelles for enhanced anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Jin
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Jing Sun
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Liefu Zhou
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Xuelian Guo
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Aoneng Cao
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
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Xue Y, Bai H, Peng B, Fang B, Baell J, Li L, Huang W, Voelcker NH. Stimulus-cleavable chemistry in the field of controlled drug delivery. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:4872-4931. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01061h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This review comprehensively summarises stimulus-cleavable linkers from various research areas and their cleavage mechanisms, thus provides an insightful guideline to extend their potential applications to controlled drug release from nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Xue
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics
- Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- 127 West Youyi Road
- Xi'an 710072
| | - Hua Bai
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics
- Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- 127 West Youyi Road
- Xi'an 710072
| | - Bo Peng
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics
- Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- 127 West Youyi Road
- Xi'an 710072
| | - Bin Fang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics
- Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- 127 West Youyi Road
- Xi'an 710072
| | - Jonathan Baell
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Clayton
- Victoria 3168
- Australia
| | - Lin Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics
- Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- 127 West Youyi Road
- Xi'an 710072
| | - Wei Huang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics
- Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- 127 West Youyi Road
- Xi'an 710072
| | - Nicolas Hans Voelcker
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics
- Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- 127 West Youyi Road
- Xi'an 710072
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Alven S, Aderibigbe BA. The Therapeutic Efficacy of Dendrimer and Micelle Formulations for Breast Cancer Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E1212. [PMID: 33333778 PMCID: PMC7765183 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12121212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is among the most common types of cancer in women and it is the cause of a high rate of mortality globally. The use of anticancer drugs is the standard treatment approach used for this type of cancer. However, most of these drugs are limited by multi-drug resistance, drug toxicity, poor drug bioavailability, low water solubility, poor pharmacokinetics, etc. To overcome multi-drug resistance, combinations of two or more anticancer drugs are used. However, the combination of two or more anticancer drugs produce toxic side effects. Micelles and dendrimers are promising drug delivery systems that can overcome the limitations associated with the currently used anticancer drugs. They have the capability to overcome drug resistance, reduce drug toxicity, improve the drug solubility and bioavailability. Different classes of anticancer drugs have been loaded into micelles and dendrimers, resulting in targeted drug delivery, sustained drug release mechanism, increased cellular uptake, reduced toxic side effects of the loaded drugs with enhanced anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo. This review article reports the biological outcomes of dendrimers and micelles loaded with different known anticancer agents on breast cancer in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Blessing Atim Aderibigbe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice Campus, Eastern Cape 5700, South Africa;
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50
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Duan W, Ji S, Guan Y, Mu X, Fang S, Lu Y, Zhou X, Sun J, Li Z. Esterase-Responsive Polypeptide Vesicles as Fast-Response and Sustained-Release Nanocompartments for Fibroblast-Exempt Drug Delivery. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:5093-5103. [PMID: 33151670 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Enzyme-responsive polypeptide vesicles have attracted considerable attention for precision theranostics because of their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and unique secondary conformation transition triggered by the catalytic actions of enzymes. These promising potentials of polypeptide vesicles could be limited in a drug delivery system by the very slow enzyme diffusion rate into vesicles that could reduce the efficacy of the drug. On the other hand, stimuli-responsive polymeric vesicles that respond to stimuli can undergo microstructure destruction for the burst release of drugs, which would penetrate through the membrane of dead cells and the tumor extracellular matrix, inducing acute toxicity to neighboring cells. Here, we designed amphiphilic PEG-polypeptide copolymers containing esterase-labile carbamate-caged primary amines. It was found that the diblock can self-assemble into vesicular structures. Esterase-triggered self-immolative decaging reactions could quickly release the primary amine moiety of monomers that can undergo an amidation reaction for transition of the bilayer of vesicles from hydrophobic to partially hydrophilic. This esterase-responsive process retains the nanostructure of vesicles but permeabilizes the vesicle membrane, which can afford the sustained release of encapsulating drugs. These esterase-responsive polypeptide vesicles mediate selective cytotoxicity in cancer cells with high esterase expression over normal fibroblasts with low esterase, enabling the potent anticancer chemotherapy with minimized side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Duan
- Key Lab of Biobased Polymer Materials of Shandong Provincial Education Department, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 53 Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Sifan Ji
- Key Lab of Biobased Polymer Materials of Shandong Provincial Education Department, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 53 Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Yu Guan
- Key Lab of Biobased Polymer Materials of Shandong Provincial Education Department, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 53 Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Xueluer Mu
- Key Lab of Biobased Polymer Materials of Shandong Provincial Education Department, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 53 Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Sha Fang
- Key Lab of Biobased Polymer Materials of Shandong Provincial Education Department, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 53 Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Yingxi Lu
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Xianfeng Zhou
- Key Lab of Biobased Polymer Materials of Shandong Provincial Education Department, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 53 Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Jing Sun
- Key Lab of Biobased Polymer Materials of Shandong Provincial Education Department, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 53 Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Zhibo Li
- Key Lab of Biobased Polymer Materials of Shandong Provincial Education Department, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 53 Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China.,College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
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