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Dai Y, Ban W, Yang Z. Gastrodin, a Promising Natural Small Molecule for the Treatment of Central Nervous System Disorders, and Its Recent Progress in Synthesis, Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9540. [PMID: 39273485 PMCID: PMC11394983 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25179540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastrodia elata Blume is a traditional medicinal and food homology substance that has been used for thousands of years, is mainly distributed in China and other Asian countries, and has always been distinguished as a superior class of herbs. Gastrodin is the main active ingredient of G. elata Blume and has attracted increasing attention because of its extensive pharmacological activities. In addition to extraction and isolation from the original plant, gastrodin can also be obtained via chemical synthesis and biosynthesis. Gastrodin has significant pharmacological effects on the central nervous system, such as sedation and improvement of sleep. It can also improve epilepsy, neurodegenerative diseases, emotional disorders and cognitive impairment to a certain extent. Gastrodin is rapidly absorbed and widely distributed in the body and can also penetrate the blood-brain barrier. In brief, gastrodin is a promising natural small molecule with significant potential in the treatment of brain diseases. In this review, we summarised studies on the synthesis, pharmacological effects and pharmacokinetic characteristics of gastrodin, with emphasis on its effects on central nervous system disorders and the possible mechanisms, in order to find potential therapeutic applications and provide favourable information for the research and development of gastodin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Dai
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Weikang Ban
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhihong Yang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
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Tang Z, Peng Y, Jiang Y, Wang L, Guo M, Chen Z, Luo C, Zhang T, Xiao Y, Ni R, Qi X. Gastrodin ameliorates synaptic impairment, mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in N2a/APP cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 719:150127. [PMID: 38761634 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is characterized by abnormal β-amyloid and tau accumulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and synaptic dysfunction. Here, we aimed to assess the mechanisms and signalling pathways in the neuroprotective effect of gastrodin, a phenolic glycoside, on murine neuroblastoma N2a cells expressing human Swedish mutant APP (N2a/APP). We found that gastrodin increased the levels of presynaptic-SNAP, synaptophysin, and postsynaptic-PSD95 and reduced phospho-tau Ser396, APP and Aβ1-42 levels in N2a/APP cells. Gastrodin treatment reduced reactive oxygen species generation, lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial fragmentation and DNA oxidation; restored mitochondrial membrane potential and intracellular ATP production. Upregulated phospho-GSK-3β and reduced phospho-ERK and phospho-JNK were involved in the protective effect of gastrodin. In conclusion, we demonstrated the neuroprotective effect of gastrodin in the N2a/APP cell line by ameliorating the impairment on synaptic and mitochondrial function, reducing tau phosphorylation, Aβ1-42 levels as well as reactive oxygen species generation. These results provide new mechanistic insights into the potential effect of gastrodin in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Tang
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Basic Medical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yaqian Peng
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Basic Medical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Basic Medical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Min Guo
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Basic Medical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhuyi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Basic Medical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Chao Luo
- Basic Medical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Basic Medical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yan Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Basic Medical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ruiqing Ni
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Xiaolan Qi
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Basic Medical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.
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El Menyiy N, Elouafy Y, Moubachir R, Abdnim R, Benali T, Taha D, Khalid A, Abdalla AN, Hamza SMA, Elhadi Ibrahim S, El-Shazly M, Zengin G, Bouyahya A. Chemistry, Biological Activities, and Pharmacological Properties of Gastrodin: Mechanism Insights. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202400402. [PMID: 38573028 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Gastrodin, a bioactive compound derived from the rhizome of the orchid Gastrodia elata, exhibits a diverse range of biological activities. With documented neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-tumor effects, gastrodin stands out as a multifaceted therapeutic agent. Notably, it has demonstrated efficacy in protecting against neuronal damage and enhancing cognitive function in animal models of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and cerebral ischemia. Additionally, gastrodin showcases immunomodulatory effects by mitigating inflammation and suppressing the expression of inflammatory cytokines. Its cytotoxic activity involves the inhibition of angiogenesis, suppression of tumor growth, and induction of apoptosis. This comprehensive review seeks to elucidate the myriad potential effects of Gastrodin, delving into the intricate molecular mechanisms underpinning its pharmacological properties. The findings underscore the therapeutic potential of gastrodin in addressing various conditions linked to neuroinflammation and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoual El Menyiy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, National Agency of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Taounate, 34025, Morocco
| | - Youssef Elouafy
- Laboratory of Materials, Nanotechnology and Environment LMNE, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, BP 1014, Morocco
| | - Rania Moubachir
- Bioactives and Environmental Health Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, 11201, Meknes, Marocco
| | - Rhizlan Abdnim
- Laboratoire de bioressources, biotechnologie, ethnopharmacologie et santé, Département de biologie, Faculté des sciences, Université Mohamed premier, Boulevard Mohamed VI; BP:717, 60000, Oujda, Marocco
| | - Taoufiq Benali
- Environment and Health Team, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Safi, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh-Safi, 46030, Morocco
| | - Douae Taha
- Molecular Modeling, Materials, Nanomaterials, Water and Environment Laboratory, CERNE2D, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Rabat, 10106, Morocco
| | - Asaad Khalid
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Unit, Health Research Cener, Jazan University, P.O. Box: 114, Jazan, 11111, Saudi Arabia
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants and Traditional Medicine Research Institute, National Center for Research, P. O. Box 2404, 11111, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Ashraf N Abdalla
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Siddiqa M A Hamza
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Umm Alqura University, 24832, Alqunfudah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salma Elhadi Ibrahim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Umm Alqura University, 24832, Alqunfudah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, 11566, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, 42130, Konya, Turkey
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, 10106, Morocco
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Wang Y, Bai M, Wang X, Peng Z, Cai C, Xi J, Yan C, Luo J, Li X. Gastrodin: a comprehensive pharmacological review. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:3781-3802. [PMID: 38165423 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02920-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Tianma is the dried tuber of Gastrodia elata Blume (G. elata), which is frequently utilized in clinical practice as a traditional Chinese medicine. Gastrodin (GAS) is the main active ingredient of Tianma, which has good pharmacological activity. Therefore, for the first time, this review focused on the extraction, synthesis, pharmacological effects, and derivatives of GAS and to investigate additional development options for GAS. The use of microorganisms to create GAS is a promising method. GAS has good efficacy in the treatment of neurological diseases, cardiovascular diseases, endocrine diseases, and liver diseases. GAS has significant anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, neuroprotective, vascular protective, blood sugar lowering, lipid-regulating, analgesic, anticancer, and antiviral effects. The mechanism involves various signaling pathways such as Nrf2, NF-κB, PI3K/AKT, and AMPK. In addition, the derivatives of GAS and biomaterials synthesized by GAS and PU suggested a broader application of GAS. The research on GAS is thoroughly summarized in this paper, which has useful applications for tackling a variety of disorders and exhibits good development value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Mengting Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Xian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Zhaolei Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Chunyan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Jingjing Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Chunmei Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Jia Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Xiaofang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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Bommaraju S, Dhokne MD, Arun EV, Srinivasan K, Sharma SS, Datusalia AK. An insight into crosstalk among multiple signalling pathways contributing to the pathophysiology of PTSD and depressive disorders. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024; 131:110943. [PMID: 38228244 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.110943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depressive disorders represent two significant mental health challenges with substantial global prevalence. These are debilitating conditions characterized by persistent, often comorbid, symptoms that severely impact an individual's quality of life. Both PTSD and depressive disorders are often precipitated by exposure to traumatic events or chronic stress. The profound impact of PTSD and depressive disorders on individuals and society necessitates a comprehensive exploration of their shared and distinct pathophysiological features. Although the activation of the stress system is essential for maintaining homeostasis, the ability to recover from it after diminishing the threat stimulus is also equally important. However, little is known about the main reasons for individuals' differential susceptibility to external stressful stimuli. The solution to this question can be found by delving into the interplay of stress with the cognitive and emotional processing of traumatic incidents at the molecular level. Evidence suggests that dysregulation in these signalling cascades may contribute to the persistence and severity of PTSD and depressive symptoms. The treatment strategies available for this disorder are antidepressants, which have shown good efficiency in normalizing symptom severity; however, their efficacy is limited in most individuals. This calls for the exploration and development of innovative medications to address the treatment of PTSD. This review delves into the intricate crosstalk among multiple signalling pathways implicated in the development and manifestation of these mental health conditions. By unravelling the complexities of crosstalk among multiple signalling pathways, this review aims to contribute to the broader knowledge base, providing insights that could inform the development of targeted interventions for individuals grappling with the challenges of PTSD and depressive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumadhura Bommaraju
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Raebareli, Uttar Pradesh (UP) 226002, India
| | - Mrunali D Dhokne
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Raebareli, Uttar Pradesh (UP) 226002, India
| | - E V Arun
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Raebareli, Uttar Pradesh (UP) 226002, India
| | - Krishnamoorthy Srinivasan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), SAS Nagar, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Shyam Sunder Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), SAS Nagar, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Datusalia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Raebareli, Uttar Pradesh (UP) 226002, India; Department of Regulatory Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Raebareli, Uttar Pradesh (UP) 226002, India.
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Xiao G, Tang R, Yang N, Chen Y. Review on pharmacological effects of gastrodin. Arch Pharm Res 2023; 46:744-770. [PMID: 37749449 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-023-01463-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Gastrodia elata Blume is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine that is mainly used to treat diseases related to the nervous system, such as stroke, epilepsy, and headache. Gastrodin is the main bioactive component of Gastrodia elata Blume, and studies have shown that it has extensive pharmacological activity. This narrative review aims to systematically review relevant studies on the pharmacological effects of gastrodin to provide researchers with the latest and most useful information. Studies have shown that gastrodin has prominent neuroprotective effects and can treat or improve epilepsy, Tourette syndrome, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, emotional disorders, cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, cognitive impairment, and neuropathic pain. Gastrodin can also improve myocardial hypertrophy, hypertension, and myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. In addition, gastrodin can mitigate liver, kidney, and bone tissue damage caused by oxidative stress and inflammation. In short, gastrodin is expected to treat many diseases, and it is worth investing more effort in research on this compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guirong Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Rong Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Hospital of Stomatology, Chengdu, 610031, China.
| | - Nan Yang
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yanhua Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China.
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Xiang L, Wang Y, Liu S, Liu B, Jin X, Cao X. Targeting Protein Aggregates with Natural Products: An Optional Strategy for Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11275. [PMID: 37511037 PMCID: PMC10379780 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein aggregation is one of the hallmarks of aging and aging-related diseases, especially for the neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and others. In these diseases, many pathogenic proteins, such as amyloid-β, tau, α-Syn, Htt, and FUS, form aggregates that disrupt the normal physiological function of cells and lead to associated neuronal lesions. Protein aggregates in NDs are widely recognized as one of the important targets for the treatment of these diseases. Natural products, with their diverse biological activities and rich medical history, represent a great treasure trove for the development of therapeutic strategies to combat disease. A number of in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that natural products, by virtue of their complex molecular scaffolds that specifically bind to pathogenic proteins and their aggregates, can inhibit the formation of aggregates, disrupt the structure of aggregates and destabilize them, thereby alleviating conditions associated with NDs. Here, we systematically reviewed studies using natural products to improve disease-related symptoms by reducing or inhibiting the formation of five pathogenic protein aggregates associated with NDs. This information should provide valuable insights into new directions and ideas for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingzhi Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Shenkui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Beidong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 41390 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Xuejiao Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Xiuling Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
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Gravandi MM, Abdian S, Tahvilian M, Iranpanah A, Moradi SZ, Fakhri S, Echeverría J. Therapeutic targeting of Ras/Raf/MAPK pathway by natural products: A systematic and mechanistic approach for neurodegeneration. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 115:154821. [PMID: 37119761 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple dysregulated pathways are behind the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs); however, the crucial targets are still unknown. Oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy, and inflammation are the most dominant pathways that strongly influence neurodegeneration. In this way, targeting the Ras/Raf/mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) pathway appears to be a developing strategy for combating NDDs like Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, stroke, aging, and other NDDs. Accordingly, plant secondary metabolites have shown promising potentials for the simultaneous modulation of the Ras/Raf/MAPKs pathway and play an essential role in NDDs. MAPKs include p38 MAPK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK 1/2), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), which are important molecular players in neurodegeneration. Ras/Raf, which is located the upstream of MAPK pathway influences the initiation and progression of neurodegeneration and is regulated by natural products. PURPOSE Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective roles of plant- and marine-derived secondary metabolites against several NDDs through the modulation of the Ras/Raf/MAPK signaling pathway. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS A systematic and comprehensive review was performed to highlight the modulatory roles of natural products on the Ras/Raf/MAPK signaling pathway in NDDs, according to the PRISMA guideline, using scholarly electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Sciences. Associated reference lists were also searched for the literature review. RESULTS From a total of 1495 results, finally 107 articles were included in the present study. The results show that several natural compounds such as alkaloid, phenolic, terpenoids, and nanoformulation were shown to have modulatory effects on the Ras/Raf/MAPKs pathway. CONCLUSION Natural products are promising multi-targeted agents with on NDDs through Ras/Raf/MAPKs pathway. Nevertheless, additional and complementary studies are necessary to check its efficacy and potential side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sadaf Abdian
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Maedeh Tahvilian
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Amin Iranpanah
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Seyed Zachariah Moradi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran
| | - Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Javier Echeverría
- Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170022, Chile.
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Huang HS, Lin YE, Panyod S, Chen RA, Lin YC, Chai LMX, Hsu CC, Wu WK, Lu KH, Huang YJ, Sheen LY. Anti-depressive-like and cognitive impairment alleviation effects of Gastrodia elata Blume water extract is related to gut microbiome remodeling in ApoE -/- mice exposed to unpredictable chronic mild stress. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 302:115872. [PMID: 36343797 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY RELEVANCE Gastrodia elata Blume (GE) is a traditional Chinese dietary therapy used to treat neurological disorders. Gastrodia elata Blume water extract (WGE) has been shown to ameliorate inflammation and improve social frustration in mice in a chronic social defeat model. However, studies on the anti-depressive-like effects and cognitive impairment alleviation related to the impact of WGE on the gut microbiome of ApoE-/- mice remain elusive. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study aimed to investigate the anti-depressive-like effect and cognitive impairment alleviation and mechanisms of WGE in ApoE-/- mice subjected to unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS), as well as its impact on the gut microbiome of the mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty ApoE-/- mice (6 months old) were randomly grouped into six groups: control, UCMS, WGE groups [5, 10, 20 mL WGE/kg body weight (bw) + UCMS], and a positive group (fluoxetine 20 mg/kg bw + UCMS). After four weeks of the UCMS paradigm, the sucrose preference, novel object recognition, and open field tests were conducted. The neurotransmitters serotonin (5-HT), dopamine (DA) and their metabolites were measured in the prefrontal cortex. Serum was collected to measure corticosterone and amyloid-42 (Aβ-42) levels. Feces were collected, and the gut microbiome was analyzed. RESULTS WGE restored sucrose preference, exploratory behavior, recognition ability, and decreased the levels of serum corticosterone and Aβ-42 in ApoE-/- mice to alleviate depressive-like behavior and cognitive impairment. Furthermore, WGE regulated the monoamine neurotransmitter via reduced the 5-HT and DA turnover rates in the prefrontal cortex. Moreover, WGE elevated the levels of potentially beneficial bacteria such as Bifidobacterium, Akkermansia, Alloprevotella, Defluviitaleaceae_UCG-011, and Bifidobacterium pseudolongum as well as balanced fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). CONCLUSION WGE demonstrates anti-depressive-like effects, cognitive impairment alleviation, and gut microbiome and metabolite regulation in ApoE-/- mice. Our results support the possibility of developing a functional and complementary medicine to prevent or alleviate depression and cognitive decline using WGE in CVDs patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huai-Syuan Huang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-En Lin
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Suraphan Panyod
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Rou-An Chen
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ying-Cheng Lin
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | | | - Cheng-Chih Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Kai Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Kuan-Hung Lu
- Institute of Food Safety and Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yun-Ju Huang
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Lee-Yan Sheen
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Food and Biomolecules, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; National Center for Food Safety Education and Research, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Khezri MR, Yousefi K, Esmaeili A, Ghasemnejad-Berenji M. The Role of ERK1/2 Pathway in the Pathophysiology of Alzheimer's Disease: An Overview and Update on New Developments. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:177-191. [PMID: 35038057 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-022-01191-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder worldwide. Several findings suggest that correcting the dysregulated signaling pathways may offer a potential therapeutic approach in this disease. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase family, plays a major role in regulation of cell proliferation, autophagy process, and protein synthesis. The available literature suggests dysregulated ERK1/2 in AD patients with potential implications in the multifaceted underlying pathologies of AD, including amyloid-β plaque formation, tau phosphorylation, and neuroinflammation. In this regard, in the current review, we aim to summarize the reports on the potential roles of ERK1/2 in AD pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rafi Khezri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Keyvan Yousefi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
| | - Ayda Esmaeili
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, School of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Morteza Ghasemnejad-Berenji
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran. .,Experimental and Applied Pharmaceutical Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran. .,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, PO Box: 5715799313, Urmia, Iran.
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11
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Zheng Y, Li R, Fan X. Targeting Oxidative Stress in Intracerebral Hemorrhage: Prospects of the Natural Products Approach. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:1811. [PMID: 36139885 PMCID: PMC9495708 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), the second most common subtype of stroke, remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The pathological mechanism of ICH is very complex, and it has been demonstrated that oxidative stress (OS) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of ICH. Previous studies have shown that OS is a therapeutic target after ICH, and antioxidants have also achieved some benefits in the treatment of ICH. This review aimed to explore the promise of natural products therapy to target OS in ICH. We searched PubMed using the keywords "oxidative stress in intracerebral hemorrhage" and "natural products in intracerebral hemorrhage". Numerous animal and cell studies on ICH have demonstrated the potent antioxidant properties of natural products, including polyphenols and phenolic compounds, terpenoids, alkaloids, etc. In summary, natural products such as antioxidants offer the possibility of treatment of OS after ICH. However, researchers still have a long way to go to apply these natural products for the treatment of ICH more widely in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xiang Fan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
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12
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Long Y, Cheng Y, Yang J, Yang T, Lai Y. Abeta-induced Presynaptic Release of UBC9 through Extracellular Vesicles involves SNAP23. Neurosci Lett 2022; 785:136771. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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13
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Gastrodin and Vascular Dementia: Advances and Current Perspectives. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:2563934. [PMID: 35463081 PMCID: PMC9019412 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2563934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Gastrodia elata, a traditional Chinese medicine, has been widely used since ancient times to treat diseases such as dizziness, epilepsy, stroke, and memory loss. Gastrodin, one of the active components of Gastrodia elata, has been used in the treatment of migraine, epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, dementia, and depression in recent years. It can improve cognitive function and related neuropsychiatric symptoms through various effects and is considered as a promising treatment for dementia. Vascular dementia is a kind of severe cognitive impairment syndrome caused by vascular factors, and it is the dementia syndrome with the largest number of patients besides Alzheimer's disease. Although there is still a lack of evidence-based explorations, the paper reviewed the mechanism and methods of gastrodin in the treatment of vascular dementia, providing a reference for clinical therapy.
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The Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)-Preventing Mechanism of Natural Products. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10040678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is related to central visual loss in elderly people and, based on the increment in the percentage of the aging population, the number of people suffering from AMD could increase. AMD is initiated by retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cell death, finally leading to neovascularization in the macula lutea. AMD is an uncurable disease, but the symptom can be suppressed. The current therapy of AMD can be classified into four types: device-based treatment, anti-inflammatory drug treatment, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment, and natural product treatment. All these therapies have adverse effects, however early AMD therapy used with products has several advantages, as it can prevent RPE cell apoptosis in safe doses. Cell death (apoptosis) is caused by various factors, such as oxidative stress, inflammation, carbonyl stress, and a deficiency in essential components for cells, and RPE cell death is related to oxidative stress, inflammation, and carbonyl stress. Some natural products have anti-oxidative effects, anti-inflammation effects, and/or anti-carbonylation effects. The AMD preventive mechanism of natural products varies, with some natural products activating one or more anti-apoptotic pathways, such as the Nrf2/HO-1 anti-oxidative pathway, the anti-inflammasome pathway, and the anti-carbonyl pathway. As AMD drug candidates from natural products effectively inhibit RPE cell death, they have the potential to be developed as drugs for preventing early (dry) AMD.
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15
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Gastrodin promotes the regeneration of peripheral nerves by regulating miR-497/BDNF axis. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:45. [PMID: 35177060 PMCID: PMC8855574 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03483-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gastrodin (GAS), is a kind of phenolic compound extracted from the traditional Chinese herbal medicine Gastrodia elata Blume (GEB). This study was aimed at probing into the protective effect of GAS on peripheral nerve injury (PNI) and the underlying mechanism. Methods A rat model with PNI was established, followed by intraperitoneal injection of GAS (20 mg/kg/day). Sciatic nerve function index (SFI) was used to analyze the function of sciatic nerve. The amplitude and latency of compound muscle action potential (CMAP) were examined by electrophysiology. Schwann cells (SCs) were isolated from fetal rats and treated with GAS 200 μg/mL, and H2O2-induced model of oxidative stress injury was established. EdU and Transwell assays were adopted to detect the viability and migration of SCs. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assays were applied to verify the binding site between miR-497 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) 3’UTR. MiR-497 expression was probed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). BDNF, neurofilament-200 (NF-200) and myelin basic protein (MBP) expression levels were detected by Western blotting. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, glutathione content (GSH) and catalase (CAT) activity in SCs were also measured. Results GAS treatment could significantly increase the SFI and amplitude of CMAP, shorten the refractory period, and ameliorate muscle atrophy of the rats with PNI. GAS treatment could markedly restrain miR-497 expression and increase the expression levels of BDNF, NF-200 and MBP in SCs. BDNF was confirmed as the target of miR-497 and BDNF overexpression could reverse the impacts of miR-497 overexpression on the proliferation, migration, and oxidative stress response of SCs. Conclusions GAS promotes the recovery of PNI via modulating miR-497 / BDNF axis and inhibiting oxidative stress. Graphical abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-021-03483-z.
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Santos SS, Gonzaga RV, Scarim CB, Giarolla J, Primi MC, Chin CM, Ferreira EI. Drug/Lead Compound Hydroxymethylation as a Simple Approach to Enhance Pharmacodynamic and Pharmacokinetic Properties. Front Chem 2022; 9:734983. [PMID: 35237565 PMCID: PMC8883432 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.734983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydroxymethylation is a simple chemical reaction, in which the introduction of the hydroxymethyl group can lead to physical–chemical property changes and offer several therapeutic advantages, contributing to the improved biological activity of drugs. There are many examples in the literature of the pharmaceutical, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic benefits, which the hydroxymethyl group can confer to drugs, prodrugs, drug metabolites, and other therapeutic compounds. It is worth noting that this group can enhance the drug’s interaction with the active site, and it can be employed as an intermediary in synthesizing other therapeutic agents. In addition, the hydroxymethyl derivative can result in more active compounds than the parent drug as well as increase the water solubility of poorly soluble drugs. Taking this into consideration, this review aims to discuss different applications of hydroxymethyl derived from biological agents and its influence on the pharmacological effects of drugs, prodrugs, active metabolites, and compounds of natural origin. Finally, we report a successful compound synthesized by our research group and used for the treatment of neglected diseases, which is created from the hydroxymethylation of its parent drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soraya S. Santos
- Laboratório de Planejamento e Síntese de Quimioterápicos Potencialmente Ativos Em Doenças Negligenciadas (LAPEN), Departamento de Farmácia, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo – USP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo V. Gonzaga
- Laboratório de Planejamento e Síntese de Quimioterápicos Potencialmente Ativos Em Doenças Negligenciadas (LAPEN), Departamento de Farmácia, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo – USP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cauê B. Scarim
- Laboratório de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Fármacos (LAPDESF), Departamento de Fármacos e Medicamentos, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de São Paulo “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Jeanine Giarolla
- Laboratório de Planejamento e Síntese de Quimioterápicos Potencialmente Ativos Em Doenças Negligenciadas (LAPEN), Departamento de Farmácia, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo – USP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Chung M. Chin
- Laboratório de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Fármacos (LAPDESF), Departamento de Fármacos e Medicamentos, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de São Paulo “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
- Centro de Pesquisa Avançada Em Medicina (CEPAM), Faculdade de Medicina, União Das Faculdades Dos Grande Lagos (UNILAGO), São José Do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth I. Ferreira
- Laboratório de Planejamento e Síntese de Quimioterápicos Potencialmente Ativos Em Doenças Negligenciadas (LAPEN), Departamento de Farmácia, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo – USP, São Paulo, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Elizabeth I. Ferreira,
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17
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Luo K, Wang Y, Chen WS, Feng X, Liao Y, Chen S, Liu Y, Liao C, Chen M, Ao L. Treatment Combining Focused Ultrasound with Gastrodin Alleviates Memory Deficit and Neuropathology in an Alzheimer's Disease-Like Experimental Mouse Model. Neural Plast 2022; 2022:5241449. [PMID: 35069727 PMCID: PMC8776436 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5241449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia but lacks effective treatment at present. Gastrodin (GAS) is a phenolic glycoside extracted from the traditional Chinese herb-Gastrodia elata-and has been reported as a potential therapeutic agent for AD. However, its efficiency is reduced for AD patients due to its limited BBB permeability. Studies have demonstrated the feasibility of opening the blood-brain barrier (BBB) via focused ultrasound (FUS) to overcome the obstacles preventing medicines from blood flow into the brain tissue. We explored the therapeutic potential of FUS-mediated BBB opening combined with GAS in an AD-like mouse model induced by unilateral intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of Aβ 1-42. Mice were divided into 5 groups: control, untreated, GAS, FUS and FUS+GAS. Combined treatment (FUS+GAS) rather than single intervention (GAS or FUS) alleviated memory deficit and neuropathology of AD-like mice. The time that mice spent in the novel arm was prolonged in the Y-maze test after 15-day intervention, and the waste-cleaning effect was remarkably increased. Contents of Aβ, tau, and P-tau in the observed (also the targeted) hippocampus were reduced. BDNF, synaptophysin (SYN), and PSD-95 were upregulated in the combined group. Overall, our results demonstrate that FUS-mediated BBB opening combined with GAS injection exerts the potential to alleviate memory deficit and neuropathology in the AD-like experimental mouse model, which may be a novel strategy for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixuan Luo
- School of Rehabilitation, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yuhong Wang
- School of Rehabilitation, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Wen-Shiang Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital & National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Xiangjun Feng
- School of Rehabilitation, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yehui Liao
- School of Rehabilitation, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Shaochun Chen
- School of Rehabilitation, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yao Liu
- School of Rehabilitation, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Chengde Liao
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital & Cancer Center, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Moxian Chen
- School of Rehabilitation, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Lijuan Ao
- School of Rehabilitation, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
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18
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Lai Y, Wang R, Li W, Zhu H, Fei S, Shi H, Lu N, Ung COL, Hu H, Han S. Clinical and economic analysis of Gastrodin injection for dizziness or vertigo: a retrospective cohort study based on electronic health records in China. Chin Med 2022; 17:6. [PMID: 34983603 PMCID: PMC8725493 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-021-00561-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dizziness and vertigo are common clinical symptoms. Gastrodin injection has shown clinical effects on dizziness or vertigo. However, little is known about the effectiveness and costs of combining Gastrodin injection with conventional treatment on dizziness or vertigo in daily practice. This study aimed to analyze the clinical and economic effects of Gastrodin injection for patients with dizziness or vertigo in comparison to Extract of Ginkgo Biloba Leaves injection in real-world practice. Methods Data was collected from the Hospital Information System of 131 hospitals across China from January to December 2018. Patients whose primary discharge diagnosis was dizziness or vertigo according to ICD-10 diagnostic coding were included and divided into two samples: sample of dizziness or vertigo; sample of dizziness or vertigo, with the complication of cerebral infarction. Comparative analysis of the medical cost per hospitalization, hospitalization duration, effective rates, and cure rates between the group of Gastrodin injection and the group of Extract of Ginkgo Biloba Leaves injection was conducted. Propensity Score Matching was used to control potential confounding factors. Results In the sample of dizziness or vertigo, although there was no significant differences on hospitalization duration (P = 0.080), the group of Gastrodin injection was significantly better than the group of Extract of Ginkgo Biloba Leaves injection (P < 0.001) in terms of treatment effect and the per capita hospitalization cost. In the sample of dizziness or vertigo, with the complication of cerebral infarction, there was no significant difference (P = 0.371) in terms of hospitalization duration, but the group of Gastrodin injection was significantly better than the group of Extract of Ginkgo Biloba Leaves injection (P = 0.009) in terms of treatment effect, and significant difference regarding the per capita hospitalization cost (P < 0.001). Conclusions Gastrodin injection showed advantages for inpatients with dizziness or vertigo compared with Extract of Ginkgo Biloba Leaves injection. Future studies using prospective pragmatic controlled trials can test and explore more about the effects of Gastrodin injections on dizziness or vertigo. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13020-021-00561-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Lai
- School of Public Health and Management, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Ruoning Wang
- Department of Continuing Medical Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Real-World Evidence and Pharmacoeconomics, International Research Center for Medicinal Administration, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - He Zhu
- Department of Real-World Evidence and Pharmacoeconomics, International Research Center for Medicinal Administration, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuyang Fei
- Department of Vasculocardiology, AnZhen Hospital, Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Honghao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Nan Lu
- Inchuan Medlinker Internet Hospital, Yinchuan, NingXia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Carolina Oi Lam Ung
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Hao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China.
| | - Sheng Han
- Department of Real-World Evidence and Pharmacoeconomics, International Research Center for Medicinal Administration, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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19
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Berezutsky M, Durnova N, Romanteeva Y. Neurobiological effects of gastrodin and its possible use in neurology and psychiatry. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2022; 122:27-34. [DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202212208127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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20
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Lu J, Zhao Y, Liu M, Lu J, Guan S. Toward improved human health: Nrf2 plays a critical role in regulating ferroptosis. Food Funct 2021; 12:9583-9606. [PMID: 34542140 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01036k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a recently defined type of regulated cell death caused by an excess iron-dependent accumulation of lipid peroxides and is morphologically and biochemically distinct from other types of cell death. Notably, Nrf2 is identified to exquisitely modulate ferroptosis due to its ability to target a host of ferroptosis cascade genes, which places Nrf2 in the pivotal position of ferroptosis. This paper reviews the regulation effect of Nrf2 on ferroptosis, different activation mechanisms of Nrf2 as well as the relevance of the Nrf2-ferroptosis axis in diseases, and finally summarizes foods with beneficial effects in ferroptosis via the Nrf2 pathway and aims to serve as a reference for follow-up studies of food functions related to Nrf2, ferroptosis, and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanan Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, People's Republic of China.
| | - Meitong Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianing Lu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shuang Guan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, People's Republic of China
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Shu Y, Luo T, Wang M, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Xiao Z, Wang Q, Zhang Q, Zou J, Yu C, Xu S, Yu T, Zhou L, Yu S. Gastrodin promotes CNS myelination via a lncRNA Gm7237/miR-142a/MRF pathway. RNA Biol 2021; 18:1279-1290. [PMID: 33151124 PMCID: PMC8354603 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2020.1841976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment of central nervous system (CNS) demyelination is greatly hindered by lack of the knowledge regarding to underlying molecular mechanisms as well as therapeutic agents. Here, we report a novel small molecule agent, gastrodin (GAS), which can significantly promote CNS myelination in in vivo mice models. By using high-throughput sequencing analysis, we discover a key long non-coding RNA Gm7237 that can enhance CNS myelination and is up-regulated by GAS. Through using bioinformatic analysis and experimental validations, we further unravel that microRNA-142a (miR-142a) and its target myelin gene regulatory factor (MRF) is under the direct regulation by Gm7237. Finally, we demonstrate that Gm7237/miR-142a/MRF axis is the key pathway involved in CNS myelination mediated by GAS. Overall, our results provide not only a novel agent for therapeutic treatment of CNS demyelination but also a molecular basis responsible for GAS-promoted CNS myelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Shu
- Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Tianyuan Luo
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Mingda Wang
- Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Department of Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zhi Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Qianxing Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Department of Cerebrovascular, Affiliated Hospital, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jia Zou
- Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Changyin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Shangfu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Tian Yu
- Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Shouyang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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22
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He J, Li X, Yang S, Li Y, Lin X, Xiu M, Li X, Liu Y. Gastrodin extends the lifespan and protects against neurodegeneration in the Drosophila PINK1 model of Parkinson's disease. Food Funct 2021; 12:7816-7824. [PMID: 34232246 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00847a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Gastrodin is the main bioactive ingredient of a famous Chinese herb Rhizoma Gastrodiae. Many studies have reported that gastrodin has antioxidative and neuroprotective effects, although its effect on longevity and the mechanism of neuroprotection have not been well studied. Here, we use Drosophila melanogaster as a model to investigate the longevity and neuroprotective effects of gastrodin. Gastrodin significantly extended the lifespan, increased the climbing ability, enhanced the resistance to oxidative stress, increased the enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), and promoted the expression of anti-oxidative genes in old flies. The food intake, reproduction and starvation resistance were not affected in flies treated with gastrodin. Moreover, gastrodin delayed the onset of Parkinson-like phenotypes in Pink1B9 mutant flies, including the prolongation of the lifespan, rescue of the climbing ability, rescue of the progressive loss of a cluster of dopaminergic neurons in the protocerebral posterial lateral 1 region, and increase of the dopamine content in the brain. Gastrodin did not ameliorate the tau-induced neurobehavioral deficits in the fly AD model of taupathy. Together, these results indicate that gastrodin could prolong the lifespan by regulating the antioxidant ability, and protect against neurodegeneration in the Pink1B9 model of PD. This suggests that gastrodin can be considered as an ideal therapeutic candidate for drug development towards anti-aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzheng He
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and University, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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Wang Y, Zhang M, Zhou X, Xu C, Zhu C, Yuan Y, Chen N, Yang Y, Guo Q, Shi J. Insight into Medicinal Chemistry Behind Traditional Chinese Medicines: p-Hydroxybenzyl Alcohol-Derived Dimers and Trimers from Gastrodia elata. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2021; 11:31-50. [PMID: 32761444 PMCID: PMC7933327 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-020-00258-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
From an aqueous extract of "tian ma" (the steamed and dried rhizomes of Gastrodia elata), ten new compounds gastrodibenzins A-D (1-4) and gastrotribenzins A-F (5-10), along with known analogues (11-20), having structure features coupling between two and three p-hydroxybenzyl-derived units via carbon- and/or ether-bonds, were isolated and characterized by spectroscopic data analysis. Meanwhile, the new compounds 5a, 6a, 8a, 22, and 23, as well as the known derivatives 13a, 14a, 15, 17-21, 24, 25, and p-hydroxybenzyl aldehyde were isolated and identified from a refluxed aqueous solution of p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol. Methylation of 5a and 6a in methanol and ethylation of 6a, 8a, 13a, and 14a in ethanol produced 5 and 6 and 7, 8, 13, and 14, respectively. using ultra-performance liquid chromatography high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (UPLC-HRESIMS) analysis of the refluxed solutions of p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol and the refluxed extracts of the fresh G. elata rhizome and "tian ma" extracts indicated consistent production and variation of the dimeric and trimeric derivatives of p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol upon extracting solvents and refluxing time. In various assays, the dimeric and trimeric derivatives showed more potent activities than p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol itself and gastrodin, which are the main known active constituents of "tian ma". These results revealed for the first time that the more effective dimers and trimers can be produced through condensation of the co-occurring p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol during processing and decocting of the G. elata rhizomes, demonstrating insights into medicinal chemistry behind application protocols of traditional Chinese medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050 China
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050 China
| | - Xue Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050 China
| | - Chengbo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050 China
| | - Chenggen Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050 China
| | - Yuhe Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050 China
| | - Naihong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050 China
| | - Yongchun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050 China
| | - Qinglan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050 China
| | - Jiangong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050 China
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Zeng YQ, Gu JH, Chen L, Zhang TT, Zhou XF. Gastrodin as a multi-target protective compound reverses learning memory deficits and AD-like pathology in APP/PS1 transgenic mice. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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25
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He Y, Jiang J, He B, Shi Z. Chemical Activators of the Nrf2 Signaling Pathway in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Nat Prod Commun 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x20987095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is paralleling the insulin resistance and obesity epidemic and is regarded as liver metabolic syndrome, and its prevalence rate is increasing rapidly. The best explanation for the occurrence and development of NAFLD is the “multiple hit” hypothesis instead of the “two-hit” hypothesis. At present, NAFLD therapies are limited. The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway is a key pathway in oxidative stress. Its downstream proteins/enzymes are regulated. Metabolic enzymes and antioxidant proteins/enzymes play a vital role in cell defense protection and have attracted attention in the field of antioxidant research in recent years. This paper summarizes the regulatory mechanism of the Nrf2 signaling pathway and the research progress of Nrf2 activators in NAFLD to provide guidance for NAFLD therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghua He
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jianping Jiang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Beihui He
- Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang International Exchange Center of Clinical Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China
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26
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Wang Z, He C, Shi JS. Natural Products for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:5790-5828. [PMID: 31131744 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190527120614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by the progressive degeneration of the structure and function of the central nervous system or peripheral nervous system. Alzheimer's Disease (AD), Parkinson's Disease (PD) and Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) are the common neurodegenerative diseases, which typically occur in people over the age of 60. With the rapid development of an aged society, over 60 million people worldwide are suffering from these uncurable diseases. Therefore, the search for new drugs and therapeutic methods has become an increasingly important research topic. Natural products especially those from the Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCMs), are the most important sources of drugs, and have received extensive interest among pharmacist. In this review, in order to facilitate further chemical modification of those useful natural products by pharmacists, we will bring together recent studies in single natural compound from TCMs with neuroprotective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Wang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Guizhou 563003, China.,Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563003, P.R. China
| | - Chunyang He
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Guizhou 563003, China.,Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563003, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Shan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Guizhou 563003, China
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27
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Fakhri S, Pesce M, Patruno A, Moradi SZ, Iranpanah A, Farzaei MH, Sobarzo-Sánchez E. Attenuation of Nrf2/Keap1/ARE in Alzheimer's Disease by Plant Secondary Metabolites: A Mechanistic Review. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25214926. [PMID: 33114450 PMCID: PMC7663041 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25214926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neuronal/cognitional dysfunction, leading to disability and death. Despite advances in revealing the pathophysiological mechanisms behind AD, no effective treatment has yet been provided. It urges the need for finding novel multi-target agents in combating the complex dysregulated mechanisms in AD. Amongst the dysregulated pathophysiological pathways in AD, oxidative stress seems to play a critical role in the pathogenesis progression of AD, with a dominant role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/Kelch-like ECH-associated protein-1 (Keap1)/antioxidant responsive elements (ARE) pathway. In the present study, a comprehensive review was conducted using the existing electronic databases, including PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, and Scopus, as well as related articles in the field. Nrf2/Keap1/ARE has shown to be the upstream orchestrate of oxidative pathways, which also ameliorates various inflammatory and apoptotic pathways. So, developing multi-target agents with higher efficacy and lower side effects could pave the road in the prevention/management of AD. The plant kingdom is now a great source of natural secondary metabolites in targeting Nrf2/Keap1/ARE. Among natural entities, phenolic compounds, alkaloids, terpene/terpenoids, carotenoids, sulfur-compounds, as well as some other miscellaneous plant-derived compounds have shown promising future accordingly. Prevailing evidence has shown that activating Nrf2/ARE and downstream antioxidant enzymes, as well as inhibiting Keap1 could play hopeful roles in overcoming AD. The current review highlights the neuroprotective effects of plant secondary metabolites through targeting Nrf2/Keap1/ARE and downstream interconnected mediators in combating AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran; (S.F.); (S.Z.M.)
| | - Mirko Pesce
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio CH-PE, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Antonia Patruno
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio CH-PE, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (M.H.F.)
| | - Seyed Zachariah Moradi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran; (S.F.); (S.Z.M.)
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran
| | - Amin Iranpanah
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714415153, Iran;
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran; (S.F.); (S.Z.M.)
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (M.H.F.)
| | - Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Salud, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, Santiago 8330507, Chile
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Quantitative determination of multi-class bioactive constituents for quality assessment of ten Anoectochilus, four Goodyera and one Ludisia species in China. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2020; 12:430-439. [PMID: 36120169 PMCID: PMC9476377 DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2020.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Methods Results Conclusion
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29
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Cheng QQ, Wan YW, Yang WM, Tian MH, Wang YC, He HY, Zhang WD, Liu X. Gastrodin protects H9c2 cardiomyocytes against oxidative injury by ameliorating imbalanced mitochondrial dynamics and mitochondrial dysfunction. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2020; 41:1314-1327. [PMID: 32203078 PMCID: PMC7608121 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-0382-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrodin (GAS) is the main bioactive component of Tianma, a traditional Chinese medicine widely used to treat neurological disorders as well as cardio- and cerebrovascular diseases. In the present study, the protective effects of GAS on H9c2 cells against ischemia-reperfusion (IR)-like injury were found to be related to decreasing of oxidative stress. Furthermore, GAS could protect H9c2 cells against oxidative injury induced by H2O2. Pretreatment of GAS at 20, 50, and 100 μM for 4 h significantly ameliorated the decrease in cell viability and increase in apoptosis of H9c2 cells treated with 400 μM H2O2 for 3 h. Furthermore, we showed that H2O2 treatment induced fragmentation of mitochondria and significant reduction in networks, footprint, and tubular length of mitochondria; H2O2 treatment strongly inhibited mitochondrial respiration; H2O2 treatment induced a decrease in the expression of mitochondrial fusion factors Mfn2 and Opa1, and increase in the expression of mitochondrial fission factor Fis1. All these alterations in H2O2-treated H9c2 cells could be ameliorated by GAS pretreatment. Moreover, we revealed that GAS pretreatment enhanced the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 under H2O2 treatment. Knockdown of Nrf2 expression abolished the protective effects of GAS on H2O2-treated H9c2 cells. Our results suggest that GAS may protect H9c2 cardiomycytes against oxidative injury via increasing the nuclear translocation of Nrf2, regulating mitochondrial dynamics, and maintaining the structure and functions of mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao-Qiao Cheng
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Biomedical Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yu-Wei Wan
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Biomedical Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wei-Min Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Meng-Hua Tian
- Zhaotong Institute of Tianma, Zhaotong, 657000, China
| | - Yu-Chuan Wang
- Zhaotong Institute of Tianma, Zhaotong, 657000, China
| | - Hai-Yan He
- Zhaotong Institute of Tianma, Zhaotong, 657000, China
| | - Wei-Dong Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Biomedical Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Xuan Liu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Biomedical Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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30
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Sharma V, Kaur A, Singh TG. Counteracting role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 pathway in Alzheimer's disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 129:110373. [PMID: 32603894 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A salient pathological features in Alzheimer's disease includes redox impairment and neuroinflammation. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-ҡB) are the two key transcription factors that regulate cellular responses to redox impairment and neuroinflammation respectively. An effective way to confer neuroprotection in central nervous system (CNS) is the activation of a transcription factor i.e Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). An enhancer element known as Antioxidant Response Element (ARE) mediates the expression of phase II detoxification enzymes. Nrf2 is a nuclear transcription factor that binds to ARE thereby transcribing expression of several antioxidant genes. Kelch ECH associating protein-1 (Keap1), a culin 3-based E3 ligase, polyubiquitinates Nrf2 and targets it for its degradation. Disruption in the interaction between Keap1/Nrf2 can increase the brain's endogenous antioxidant capacity and thereby responsible for cell defence against oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The current review discusses about Keap1-Nrf2-ARE structure and function with special emphasis on the various pathways involved in positive and negative modulation of Nrf2, namely Phosphoinositide 3- kinase (PI3K), Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), Nuclear factor kappa-b (NF-ҡb), Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT),Tumour Necrosis Factor- α (TNF-α), p38Mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38MAPK), Cyclic AMP response element binding protein (CREB) and intrinsic & extrinsic apoptotic pathway. Furthermore, this review highlights the miscellaneous Nrf2 activators as promising therapeutic agents for slowingdown the progression of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veerta Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Amarjot Kaur
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
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31
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Paunkov A, Chartoumpekis DV, Ziros PG, Chondrogianni N, Kensler TW, Sykiotis GP. Impact of Antioxidant Natural Compounds on the Thyroid Gland and Implication of the Keap1/Nrf2 Signaling Pathway. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:1828-1846. [PMID: 31267862 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190701165821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural compounds with potential antioxidant properties have been used in the form of food supplements or extracts with the intent to prevent or treat various diseases. Many of these compounds can activate the cytoprotective Nrf2 pathway. Besides, some of them are known to impact the thyroid gland, often with potential side-effects, but in other instances, with potential utility in the treatment of thyroid disorders. OBJECTIVE In view of recent data regarding the multiple roles of Nrf2 in the thyroid, this review summarizes the current bibliography on natural compounds that can have an effect on thyroid gland physiology and pathophysiology, and it discusses the potential implication of the Nrf2 system in the respective mechanisms. METHODS & RESULTS Literature searches for articles from 1950 to 2018 were performed in PubMed and Google Scholar using relevant keywords about phytochemicals, Nrf2 and thyroid. Natural substances were categorized into phenolic compounds, sulfur-containing compounds, quinones, terpenoids, or under the general category of plant extracts. For individual compounds in each category, respective data were summarized, as derived from in vitro (cell lines), preclinical (animal models) and clinical studies. The main emerging themes were as follows: phenolic compounds often showed potential to affect the production of thyroid hormones; sulfur-containing compounds impacted the pathogenesis of goiter and the proliferation of thyroid cancer cells; while quinones and terpenoids modified Nrf2 signaling in thyroid cell lines. CONCLUSION Natural compounds that modify the activity of the Nrf2 pathway should be evaluated carefully, not only for their potential to be used as therapeutic agents for thyroid disorders, but also for their thyroidal safety when used for the prevention and treatment of non-thyroidal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paunkov
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dionysios V Chartoumpekis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology Unit, Patras University Medical School, Patras, Greece
| | - Panos G Ziros
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Niki Chondrogianni
- Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | - Thomas W Kensler
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Gerasimos P Sykiotis
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Deng CK, Mu ZH, Miao YH, Liu YD, Zhou L, Huang YJ, Zhang F, Wang YY, Yang ZH, Qian ZY, Wang X, Guo JZ, Zhang MY, Liao XY, Wan Q, Lu D, Zou YY. Gastrodin Ameliorates Motor Learning Deficits Through Preserving Cerebellar Long-Term Depression Pathways in Diabetic Rats. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:1239. [PMID: 31824244 PMCID: PMC6883220 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.01239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive dysfunction is a very severe consequence of diabetes, but the underlying causes are still unclear. Recently, the cerebellum was reported to play an important role in learning and memory. Since long-term depression (LTD) is a primary cellular mechanism for cerebellar motor learning, we aimed to explore the role of cerebellar LTD pathways in diabetic rats and the therapeutic effect of gastrodin. Diabetes was induced by a single injection of streptozotocin into adult Sprague-Dawley rats. Motor learning ability was assessed by a beam walk test. Pathological changes of the cerebellum were assessed by Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) and Nissl staining. Cellular apoptosis was assessed by anti-caspase-3 immunostaining. Protein expression levels of LTD pathway-related factors, including GluR2, protein kinase C (PKC), NR2A, and nNOS, in the cerebellar cortex were evaluated by western blotting and double immunofluorescence. The NO concentration was measured. The cellular degeneration and the apoptosis of Purkinje cells were evident in the cerebellum of diabetic rats. Protein expression levels of GluR2 (NC9W: 1.26 ± 0.12; DM9W + S: 0.81 ± 0.07), PKC (NC9W: 1.66 ± 0.10; DM9W + S: 0.58 ± 0.19), NR2A (NC9W: 1.40 ± 0.05; DM9W + S: 0.63 ± 0.06), nNOS (NC9W: 1.26 ± 0.12; DM9W + S: 0.68 ± 0.04), and NO (NC9W: 135.61 ± 31.91; DM9W + S: 64.06 ± 24.01) in the cerebellum were significantly decreased in diabetic rats. Following gastrodin intervention, the outcome of motor learning ability was significantly improved (NC9W: 6.70 ± 3.31; DM9W + S: 20.47 ± 9.43; DM9W + G: 16.04 ± 7.10). In addition, degeneration and apoptosis were ameliorated, and this was coupled with the elevation of the protein expression of the abovementioned biomarkers. Arising from the above, we concluded that gastrodin may contribute to the improvement of motor learning by protecting the LTD pathways in Purkinje cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Kun Deng
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhi-Hao Mu
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yi-He Miao
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,Department of Orthopedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yi-Dan Liu
- Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Kunming Pharmaceutical Corporation, Kunming, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine of Yunnan Province, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yong-Jie Huang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,Emergency Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yao-Yi Wang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Yang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhong-Yi Qian
- Department of Morphological Laboratory, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xie Wang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jia-Zhi Guo
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Mei-Yan Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xin-Yu Liao
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Qi Wan
- Institute of Neuroregeneration and Neurorehabilitation, Department of Neurosurgery of the Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Di Lu
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Ying-Ying Zou
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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Gastrodin Attenuates Neuronal Apoptosis and Neurological Deficits after Experimental Intracerebral Hemorrhage. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2019; 29:104483. [PMID: 31727597 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2019.104483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Gastrodin, a glucoside of gastrodigenin, inhibits cerebral oxidant stress and apoptosis in multiple central nervous system injury, but its effect in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) remains unclear. This study investigated the effect of gastrodin on neuronal apoptosis and neurological deficits in rat ICH model. METHODS In vitro experiments were performed using hematoma lysate-induced cell damage model in primary cortical neurons. Rat ICH model was produced by a caudatum injection of collagenase. Gastrodin was intraperitoneal injected after 2 hours following ICH. Cell viability, brain water content, neurological score, western blot, and immunofluorescence experiments were performed. RESULTS Gastrodin significantly decreased hematoma lysate-induced reduction of cell viability and cell apoptosis in primary cortical neurons. Gastrodin significantly improved brain edema and neurological deficits post-ICH. Moreover, gastrodin administration significantly reduced levels of ROS, 8-OHDG, 3-Nitrotyrosine and MDA, while increased GSH-Px and SOD activity, and stimulated the upregulation of Keap1, Nrf2, and HO-1 signaling at 72 hours post-ICH. Furthermore, gastrodin significantly increased Bcl-2 expression, while reduced level of Bax, active caspase-3 and active caspase-9, also reduced the number of active caspase-3 or TUNEL positive neurons at 72 hours post-ICH. CONCLUSION These results suggest that gastrodin is neuroprotective after ICH and the mechanism may be associated with the inhibition of oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis.
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Chowjarean V, Phiboonchaiyanan PP, Harikarnpakdee S, Tengamnuay P. A natural skin anti-ageing serum containing pseudobulb ethanolic extract of Grammatophyllum speciosum: a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Int J Cosmet Sci 2019; 41:548-557. [PMID: 31407802 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Grammatophyllum speciosum is utilized to treat sore throats and bronchitis In Thai folk medicine. This study evaluated the in vitro activity and clinical efficacy of a G. speciosum pseudobulb decoction. METHODS Measure of in vitro anti-ageing activity was performed using non-cell based assays as well as in CRL 2097 human fibroblast cells. A prophetic patch test method was used to determine skin irritation in 24 healthy Thai volunteers. A randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted with 24 subjects for 56 days after facial application to evaluate efficacy. The results were measured with Visioface® and Cutometer® MPA 580 as well as by visual observations. RESULTS The total content of the antioxidant polyphenols in G. speciosum ethanolic extract (GSE) was 48.19 ± 0.39 mg EGCG equivalent per gram. The GSE possessed potent and higher anti-elastase activity more than EGCG. The extract was able to protect human fibroblasts against superoxide anion-induced cell death at the concentration of 10 µg mL-1 . In a clinical study, facial application of the serum containing 0.5% GSE was found to safely increase skin distensibility in healthy volunteers. Skin viscoelasticity and wrinkle volume were also significantly reduced (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Thus, both the in vitro and the clinical studies have illustrated the anti-wrinkle/anti-ageing benefits of GSE on human skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Chowjarean
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, Rangsit University, Pathumthani, 12000, Thailand.,Cosmeceutical Research, Development and Testing Center, College of Pharmacy, Rangsit University, Pathumthani, 12000, Thailand
| | - P P Phiboonchaiyanan
- Cosmeceutical Research, Development and Testing Center, College of Pharmacy, Rangsit University, Pathumthani, 12000, Thailand.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Rangsit University, Pathumthani, 12000, Thailand
| | - S Harikarnpakdee
- Cosmeceutical Research, Development and Testing Center, College of Pharmacy, Rangsit University, Pathumthani, 12000, Thailand.,Department of Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Rangsit University, Pathumthani, 12000, Thailand
| | - P Tengamnuay
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
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Jiao M, Yin K, Zhang T, Wu C, Zhang Y, Zhao X, Wu Q. Effect of the SSeCKS-TRAF6 interaction on gastrodin-mediated protection against 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-induced astrocyte activation and neuronal death. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 226:678-686. [PMID: 30959452 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The ubiquitous environmental pollutant 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) has been shown to trigger neurotoxicity. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of gastrodin on TCDD-induced neurotoxicity and the underlying molecular mechanisms. The results show that gastrodin decreased cell viability, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) release, and inducible nitrix oxide synthase (iNOS) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression in TCDD-treated C6 cells. TCDD stimulated NF-κB signalling activation, demonstrated by increased p-NF-κB expression and translocation of nuclear Factor kappa B (NF-κB) to the nucleus. TCDD did not affect TRAF6 protein expression but enhanced the attenuated the Src-suppressed-C Kinase Substrate (SSeCKS)-tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) interaction, thereby triggering NF-κB signalling activation. Gastrodin inhibited TCDD-induced NF-κB signalling activation by lessening the SSeCKS-TRAF6 interaction in vitro. Gastrodin attenuated SSeCKS-TRAF6 interaction in vivo and protected mice from NF-κB signalling activation following TCDD exposure. Finally, gastrodin blocked the apoptosis of PC12 neuronal cells induced by medium conditioned with TCDD-treated astrocytes. In summary, gastrodin inhibited TCDD-induced NF-κB signalling activation by lessening the SSeCKS-TRAF6 interaction, resulting in attenuated astrocyte activation and subsequent neuronal apoptosis. These findings will contribute to an improved understanding of TCDD-induced neurotoxicity and strategies to antagonise it using gastrodin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Jiao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaizhi Yin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Changyue Wu
- Clinical Medicine, School of Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyuan Zhao
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qiyun Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, People's Republic of China.
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Yan J, Yang Z, Zhao N, Li Z, Cao X. Gastrodin protects dopaminergic neurons via insulin-like pathway in a Parkinson's disease model. BMC Neurosci 2019; 20:31. [PMID: 31208386 PMCID: PMC6580469 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-019-0512-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, the use of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has become more generally accepted, including by the Food and Drug Administration. To expand the use of TCM worldwide, it is important to study the molecular mechanisms by which TCM and its active ingredients produce effects. Gastrodin is an active ingredient from Gastrodia elata Blume. It is reported that gastrodin has neuroprotective function in Parkinson's disease. But its mechanisms of neuroprotection remain not clear in PD. Here, we build two C. elegans PD model using 6-OHDA and transgenic animal to observe the changes of PD worms treated with or without gastrodin to confirm the function of gastrodin, then utilize mutant worms to investigate DAF-2/DAF-16 signaling pathway, and finally verify the mechanism of gastrodin in PD. RESULTS Gastrodin attenuates the accumulation of α-synuclein and the injury of dopaminergic neurons, improves chemotaxis behavior in Parkinson's disease models, then recovers chemotaxis behavior by insulin-like pathway. DAF-2/DAF-16 is required for neuroprotective effect of dopamine neuron in PD. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that gastrodin rescued dopaminergic neurons and reduced accumulation of α-synuclein protein, and the activity of gastrodin against Parkinson's disease depended on the insulin-like DAF-2/DAF-16 signaling pathway. Our findings revealed that this insulin-like pathway mediates neuroprotection of gastrodin in a Parkinson's disease model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyuan Yan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 374 Dian Mian Road, Kunming, 650101 Yunnan China
| | - Zhongshan Yang
- Faculty of Basic Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan China
| | - Ninghui Zhao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 374 Dian Mian Road, Kunming, 650101 Yunnan China
| | - Zhiwei Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 374 Dian Mian Road, Kunming, 650101 Yunnan China
| | - Xia Cao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 374 Dian Mian Road, Kunming, 650101 Yunnan China
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Yao YY, Bian LG, Yang P, Sui Y, Li R, Chen YL, Sun L, Ai QL, Zhong LM, Lu D. Gastrodin attenuates proliferation and inflammatory responses in activated microglia through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Brain Res 2019; 1717:190-203. [PMID: 31026457 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Microglia contribute to the regulation of neuroinflammation and play an important role in the pathogenesis of brain disorders. Thus, regulation of neuroinflammation triggered by activation of microglia has become a promising therapeutic strategy. Here, we investigated the beneficial effects of Gastrodin in activated microglia and analyzed the underlying molecular mechanisms. Microglia activation was regulated by Gastrodin not only in terms of microglia population size but also production of inflammatory mediators. Gastrodin inhibited the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), cyclin-D1 and Ki67 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV-2 or primary microglia. Gastrodin also suppressed the expression of iNOS and Ki67 in activated microglia in three-day-old LPS-injected postnatal rats. In addition, the present results have shown that Gastrodin inhibited LPS-induced phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) at Ser 9 and β-catenin activity. We further extended our investigation to determine whether Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was involved in the anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferation function of Gastrodin. β-Catenin antagonist (XAV939) was used to block LPS-mediated upregulation of iNOS, TNF-α, cyclin-D1, nitric oxide (NO) and the number of cells in the G2/M+S phase of cell cycle. Moreover, treatment with LiCl, a special Wnt/β-catenin pathway agonist significantly blocked Gastrodin-mediated down-regulation of iNOS, TNF-α, cyclin-D1, NO and the number of cells in the G2/M+S phase of cell cycle in LPS-stimulated BV-2 microglia. Taken together, the present results suggested that Gastrodin mediated anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferation effects in activated microglia by modulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Yi Yao
- Technology Transfer Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Li-Gong Bian
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yue Sui
- Technology Transfer Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Run Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Yuan-Li Chen
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Qing-Long Ai
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Lian-Mei Zhong
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China.
| | - Di Lu
- Technology Transfer Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China.
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Han X, Shi H, Liu K, Zhong L, Wang F, You Q. Protective effect of gastrodin on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and the expression of Bax and Bcl-2. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:4389-4394. [PMID: 31105779 PMCID: PMC6507512 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The protective effects of gastrodin on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats and the underlying mechanism were investigated. Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three groups, of which the gastrodin group was treated with gastrodin, and the other two groups were treated with normal saline. In the myocardial ischemia-reperfusion model group, myocardial ischemia was induced by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery, and myocardial reperfusion was performed by ligature removal. Only thread without ligation for the sham operation group was conducted. The rats were euthanized 8 days after surgery. Heart tissues were harvested and used for measurement of apoptotic rate and expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins. Serum levels of cytokines were measured also using blood samples. Compared with the myocardial ischemia-reperfusion model group, significant reduction of cardiomyocyte apoptosis was observed in the gastrodin group (P<0.05). In the gastrodin group, the protein and mRNA expression levels for Bax and activated caspase-3 decreased, while for Bcl-2 increased (P<0.05). Gastrodin can downregulate inflammatory cytokines (P<0.05) and upregulate anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10 (P<0.05) in serum of SD rats. Therefore, gastrodin played a protective role in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by regulating the expression levels of apoptosis-related signaling proteins and inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Han
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Hai Shi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Lou Zhong
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Qingsheng You
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
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Qi YH, Zhu R, Wang Q, Li Q, Liu YD, Qian ZY, Yang ZH, Mu ZH, Liu XJ, Zhang MY, Wang X, Liao XY, Wan Q, Lu D, Zou YY. Early intervention with gastrodin reduces striatal neurotoxicity in adult rats with experimentally‑induced diabetes mellitus. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:3114-3122. [PMID: 30816461 PMCID: PMC6423552 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.9954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in the striatum has an important role in neurodegenerative diseases. It has been reported that diabetes mellitus (DM) induces excitotoxicity in striatal neurons, although the underlying mechanism remains to be fully elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of gastrodin on DM-induced excitotoxicity in the striatal neurons of diabetic rats. Adult Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control, diabetic, and gastrodin intervention groups. Diabetes in the rats was induced with a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (65 mg/kg). In the gastrodin groups, the rats were gavaged with 60 or 120 mg/kg/day gastrodin for 6 weeks, 3 weeks following the induction of diabetes. Pathological alterations in the striatum were assessed using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. The protein expression levels of phosphorylated (p)-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2, p-mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)1/2, tyrosine receptor kinase B (TrKB) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the striatal neurons were evaluated by western blotting and double immunofluorescence. Additionally, the extracellular levels of glutamate were measured by microanalysis followed by high-pressure-liquid-chromatography. In diabetic rats, striatal neuronal degeneration was evident following H&E staining, which revealed the common occurrence of pyknotic nuclei. This was coupled with an increase in glutamate levels in the striatal tissues. The protein expression levels of p-ERK1/2, p-MEK1/2, TrKB and BDNF in the striatal tissues were significantly increased in the diabetic rats compared with those in the normal rats. In the gastrodin groups, degeneration of the striatal neurons was ameliorated. Furthermore, the expression levels of glutamate, p-ERK1/2, p-MEK1/2, TrKB and BDNF in the striatal neurons were decreased. From these findings, it was concluded that reduced neurotoxicity in striatal neurons following treatment with gastrodin may be attributed to its suppressive effects on the expression of p-ERK1/2, p-MEK1/2, BDNF and TrKB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Han Qi
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zhu
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Dan Liu
- Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Kunming Pharmaceutical Corporation, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Yi Qian
- Department of Morphological Laboratory, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Hong Yang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Hao Mu
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Jie Liu
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Mei-Yan Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Xie Wang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Yu Liao
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Qi Wan
- Institute of Neuroregeneration and Neurorehabilitation, Department of Neurosurgery of The Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Di Lu
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Ying Zou
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
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Wang X, Li S, Ma J, Wang C, Chen A, Xin Z, Zhang J. Effect of Gastrodin on Early Brain Injury and Neurological Outcome After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Rats. Neurosci Bull 2019; 35:461-470. [PMID: 30673960 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-018-00333-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrodin is a phenolic glycoside that has been demonstrated to provide neuroprotection in preclinical models of central nervous system disease, but its effect in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) remains unclear. In this study, we showed that intraperitoneal administration of gastrodin (100 mg/kg per day) significantly attenuated the SAH-induced neurological deficit, brain edema, and increased blood-brain barrier permeability in rats. Meanwhile, gastrodin treatment significantly reduced the SAH-induced elevation of glutamate concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid and the intracellular Ca2+ overload. Moreover, gastrodin suppressed the SAH-induced microglial activation, astrocyte activation, and neuronal apoptosis. Mechanistically, gastrodin significantly reduced the oxidative stress and inflammatory response, up-regulated the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, heme oxygenase-1, phospho-Akt and B-cell lymphoma 2, and down-regulated the expression of BCL2-associated X protein and cleaved caspase-3. Our results suggested that the administration of gastrodin provides neuroprotection against early brain injury after experimental SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinzhi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Linqing, 252601, China
| | - Shuyue Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Linqing, 252601, China
| | - Jinbang Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Linqing, 252601, China
| | - Chuangang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Linqing, 252601, China
| | - Anzhong Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Linqing, 252601, China
| | - Zhenxue Xin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Linqing, 252601, China.
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Linqing, 252601, China.
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41
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Luo L, Kim SW, Lee HK, Kim ID, Lee H, Lee JK. Gastrodin exerts robust neuroprotection in the postischemic brain via its protective effect against Zn 2+-toxicity and its anti-oxidative effects in astrocytes. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2018; 22:429-437. [PMID: 30533266 PMCID: PMC6282451 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2018.1549099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrodin (GAS) is a predominant bioactive constituent of the Chinese herbal medicine Tianma (Gastrodia elata Blume). Many authors have reported GAS has the beneficial effect on diverse diseases of the CNS, including epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and cerebral ischemia. Here, we report GAS exhibited a robust neuroprotective effect in an Sprague-Dawley rat model of stroke (transient middle cerebral artery occlusion, tMCAO), and show that the underlying molecular mechanism involves its protective effect against Zn2+-toxicity and its anti-oxidative effects in astrocytes. Intraperitoneal administration of GAS (40 mg/kg) after MCAO reduced mean infarct volume to 30.1 ± 5.9% of that of MCAO controls and this neuroprotective effect was accompanied by neurological function recoveries which was measured using modified neurological severity score (mNSS). Interestingly, GAS induced up-regulation and nuclear translocation of Nrf2, and subsequently increased the expressions of anti-oxidative genes, such as, HO-1 and GCLM, in astrocytes. Furthermore, GAS co- or pre-treatment markedly suppressed Zn2+-induced cell death caused by excessive ROS production and PARP-1 induction. We found that GAS suppressed p67 expression and PAR formation in astrocytes, which might underlie the anti- Zn2+-toxicity and anti-oxidative effects of GAS in astrocytes. These findings indicate GAS protects astrocytes from Zn2+-induced toxicity and oxidative stress and these effects contribute to its neuroprotective effects in the postischemic brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidan Luo
- Department of Anatomy, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea.,Medical Research Center, Inha University School of Medicine Incheon, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Woo Kim
- Medical Research Center, Inha University School of Medicine Incheon, Incheon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Kyung Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea.,Medical Research Center, Inha University School of Medicine Incheon, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Doo Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea.,Medical Research Center, Inha University School of Medicine Incheon, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hahnbie Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea.,Medical Research Center, Inha University School of Medicine Incheon, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja-Kyeong Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea.,Medical Research Center, Inha University School of Medicine Incheon, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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Zhang JF, Bai KW, Su WP, Wang AA, Zhang LL, Huang KH, Wang T. Curcumin attenuates heat-stress-induced oxidant damage by simultaneous activation of GSH-related antioxidant enzymes and Nrf2-mediated phase II detoxifying enzyme systems in broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2018; 97:1209-1219. [PMID: 29438543 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The object of this study was to investigate the effect of curcumin on modulating the glutathione (GSH)-related antioxidant enzymes and antioxidant responses via NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway in heat-stressed broiler chickens. A total of 400 one-day-old male Arbor Acres broiler chicks was reared in an environmentally controlled room. At 21 d, broiler chicks were divided into 5 treatment groups and were fed one of 4 diets under 2 temperature conditions: 22°C + a basal diet (CON treatment); 34°C for 8 h (0900-1700) + a basal diet supplemented with 0, 50, 100, or 200 mg/kg curcumin (HS, CMN1, CMN2, and CMN3 treatments, respectively). The heat treatment lasted for 20 consecutive days. The results showed that heat stress significantly increased (P < 0.05) the weekly rectal temperature and average head and feet temperature. Compared to the HS treatment, feed conversion was significantly decreased (P < 0.05) in CMN1 and CMN2 treatments. CMN1 administration significantly improved (P < 0.05) the pH24 of muscle. The abnormal changes of serum malonaldehyde and corticosterone concentrations were prevented (P < 0.05) by curcumin. Mitochondrial GSH concentration in the liver was significantly increased (P < 0.05) in CMN1 and CMN2 treatments compared with the HS treatment. The CMN1, CMN2, and CMN3 supplementations significantly increased (P < 0.05) γ-GCL, GSH-Px, and GST activities. Curcumin significantly increased (P < 0.05) the expression of Nrf2, HO-1, and γ-GCLc in the liver as compared to the CON diet. The expression of Cu/ZnSOD and CAT were increased (P < 0.05) by feeding CMN2, respectively, as compared to the HS treatment. It was concluded that curcumin supplementation enhanced the resistance of broilers to heat stress, as evidenced by reversing the FC, increasing the GSH content and GSH-related enzyme activities, and inducing the expression of Nrf2 and Nrf2-mediated phase II detoxifying enzyme genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, No. 6, Tongwei Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - K W Bai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, No. 6, Tongwei Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - W P Su
- College of Animal Science and Technology, No. 6, Tongwei Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - A A Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, No. 6, Tongwei Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - L L Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, No. 6, Tongwei Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - K H Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 6, Tongwei Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - T Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, No. 6, Tongwei Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
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Zhang H, Yuan B, Huang H, Qu S, Yang S, Zeng Z. Gastrodin induced HO-1 and Nrf2 up-regulation to alleviate H2O2-induced oxidative stress in mouse liver sinusoidal endothelial cells through p38 MAPK phosphorylation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 51:e7439. [PMID: 30156611 PMCID: PMC6110350 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20187439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid-related factor 2 (Nrf2) has been implicated in several detoxifying and antioxidant defense processes. Nrf2-mediated heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression was demonstrated to play a key role against oxidative stress. Gastrodin (GSTD) is a well-known active compound isolated from the roots of Rhizoma gastrodiae, a plant used in ancient Chinese traditional medicine. The aim of this work was to investigate whether GSTD could alleviate H2O2-induced oxidative stress in mouse liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs). In LSECs exposed to 1 mM H2O2, treatment with GSTD (1, 10, or 50 µM) resulted in higher cell viability than the untreated control. Treated cells maintained a higher Bcl2/Bax ratio and suppressed caspase-9 expression compared with untreated cells, reducing cell apoptosis. GSTD was protective for H2O2-induced oxidative injury by reducing the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde. HO-1 and Nrf2 expressions were synergistically upregulated by GSTD. Inhibition of HO-1 by 10 µM zinc protoporphyrin resulted in less protective effects on cell viability and malondialdehyde reduction by GSTD treatment in H2O2-exposed LSECs. Additionally, phosphorylated p38 in LSECs exposed to H2O2 was elevated by GSTD. Inhibition of p38 phosphorylation by SB203580 did not induce Nrf2 and HO-1 expression after 1 or 10 µM GSTD treatment and the protective effect on cell viability and malondialdehyde reduction in H2O2-exposed LSECs was reduced. The data conclusively demonstrated that GSTD-induced HO-1 and Nrf2 expression is involved in protection of LSECs from H2O2-induced oxidative injury, which may be regulated by p38 phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Zhang
- Centre of Organ and Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China.,Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Bo Yuan
- Centre of Organ and Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Hanfei Huang
- Centre of Organ and Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Siming Qu
- Centre of Organ and Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shikun Yang
- Centre of Organ and Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhong Zeng
- Centre of Organ and Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Song Y, Ding W, Bei Y, Xiao Y, Tong HD, Wang LB, Ai LY. Insulin is a potential antioxidant for diabetes-associated cognitive decline via regulating Nrf2 dependent antioxidant enzymes. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 104:474-484. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.04.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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Gastrodin Protects Cardiomyocytes from Anoxia/Reoxygenation Injury by 14-3-3 η. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:3685391. [PMID: 30147833 PMCID: PMC6083485 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3685391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Gastrodin (GAS) is the major component isolated from the rhizome of the Chinese traditional medicinal herb “Tianma.” Many clinical studies have found that GAS protects cardiomyocytes in cardiovascular diseases, although the effects and underlying mechanisms on cardiovascular anoxia/reoxygenation (A/R) injury remain unknown. This study is aimed at exploring the effect of gastrodin on cardiomyocytes in A/R injury. Our results suggested that the protective effect of GAS on cardiomyocytes is associated with upregulated 14-3-3η levels. Pretreatment with GAS could increase the cell viability and decrease the activities of creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). GAS could also reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, inhibit mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening, alter the maintenance of the mitochondrial membrane potential (∆Ψm), decrease the activation of caspase-3, and finally restrain cell apoptosis. Downregulating 14-3-3η levels by transfection with siRNA14-3-3η clearly attenuated the protective effect of GAS on cardiomyocytes in A/R injury.
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Rong H, Liang Y, Niu Y. Rosmarinic acid attenuates β-amyloid-induced oxidative stress via Akt/GSK-3β/Fyn-mediated Nrf2 activation in PC12 cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 120:114-123. [PMID: 29555592 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is an important pathogenic factor in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recently, nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) has emerged as a master regulator for the endogenous antioxidant response, and thus represents an attractive therapeutic target against AD. The aim of this study is to test the hypothesis that rosmarinic acid (RosA) attenuates amyloid-β (Aβ)-evoked oxidative stress through activating Nrf2-inducible cellular antioxidant defense system. Here, we reported that RosA attenuated Aβ-induced cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and lipid hydroperoxides (LPO). Interestingly, knockdown of Nrf2 by plasmid-based short hairpin RNA (shRNA) abrogated, at least in part, RosA-mediated neuroprotection in Aβ-challenged PC12 cells. Mechanistically, RosA enhanced the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and binding to antioxidant response element (ARE) core element but did not induced Nrf2 transcription. Simultaneously, RosA induced a set of Nrf2 downstream target genes encoding phase-II antioxidant enzymes. Furthermore, RosA enhanced protein kinase B (Akt) phosphorylation, glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) phosphorylation at Ser9, and Fyn phosphorylation. Noteworthy, pharmacological inhibition or gene knockdown studies demonstrated that Akt locate upstream of GSK-3β and regulate Nrf2 through Fyn in the context of PC12 cells pre-incubated with RosA following exposed to Aβ. Conversely, the antioxidant effects of RosA could be blocked by Akt inhibitors LY294002, GSK-3β inhibitor LiCl, Nrf2 shRNA, or Fyn shRNA in Aβ-challenged PC12 cells. Consequently, the antioxidant effects of RosA are mediated predominantly by Akt/GSK-3β/Fyn pathway through increased activity of Nrf2. These results suggest, although do not prove, that RosA can be a promising candidate for neuroprotective treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Rong
- The Institute of Medicine, Qiqihar Medical University, 333 BuKui Street, JianHua District, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Yini Liang
- The Institute of Medicine, Qiqihar Medical University, 333 BuKui Street, JianHua District, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Yingcai Niu
- The Institute of Medicine, Qiqihar Medical University, 333 BuKui Street, JianHua District, Qiqihar 161006, China.
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Li Q, Niu C, Zhang X, Dong M. Gastrodin and Isorhynchophylline Synergistically Inhibit MPP +-Induced Oxidative Stress in SH-SY5Y Cells by Targeting ERK1/2 and GSK-3β Pathways: Involvement of Nrf2 Nuclear Translocation. ACS Chem Neurosci 2018; 9:482-493. [PMID: 29115830 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) is multifactorial event. Combination therapies might be more effective in controlling the disease. Thus, the studies reported were designed to test the hypothesis that gastrodin (GAS)-induced de novo synthesis of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and isorhynchophylline (IRN) inhibition of Nrf2 nuclear export contribute to their additive or synergistic neuroprotective effect. Here, we have demonstrated that the combination of GAS and IRN (GAS/IRN) protects SH-SY5Y cells against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) toxicity in a synergistic manner. Concomitantly, GAS/IRN led to a statistically significant reduction of oxidative stress, as assessed by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid hydroperoxides (LPO), and enhancement of both glutathione (GSH) and thioredoxin (Trx) systems compared with treatment with either agent alone in MPP+-challenged SH-SY5Y cells. Interestingly, GAS but not IRN activated extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), leading to a increase in de novo synthesis of Nrf2 and nuclear import of Nrf2. Simultaneously, IRN but not GAS suppressed both constitutive glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β and Fyn activation, which inhibited nuclear export of Nrf2. Importantly, simultaneous inhibition of GSK-3β pathway by IRN and activation of ERK1/2 pathway by GAS synergistically induced accumulation of Nrf2 in the nucleus in SH-SY5Y cells challenged with MPP+. Furthermore, the activation of the ERK1/2 pathway and inhibition of GSK-3β pathway by GAS/IRN are mediated by independent mechanisms. Collectively, these novel findings suggest an in vitro model of synergism between IRN and GAS in the induction of neuroprotection warrant further investigations in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- The Institute of Medicine, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Chengu Niu
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xiaojie Zhang
- The Institute of Medicine, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Miaoxian Dong
- The Institute of Medicine, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China
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Liu Y, Gao J, Peng M, Meng H, Ma H, Cai P, Xu Y, Zhao Q, Si G. A Review on Central Nervous System Effects of Gastrodin. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:24. [PMID: 29456504 PMCID: PMC5801292 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhizoma Gastrodiae (also known as Tian ma), the dried rhizome of Gastrodia elata Blume, is a famous Chinese herb that has been traditionally used for the treatment of headache, dizziness, spasm, epilepsy, stoke, amnesia and other disorders for centuries. Gastrodin, a phenolic glycoside, is the main bioactive constituent of Rhizoma Gastrodiae. Since identified in 1978, gastrodin has been extensively investigated on its pharmacological properties. In this article, we reviewed the central nervous system (CNS) effects of gastrodin in preclinical models of CNS disorders including epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, affective disorders, cerebral ischemia/reperfusion, cognitive impairment as well as the underlying mechanisms involved and, where possible, clinical data that support the pharmacological activities. The sources and pharmacokinetics of gastrodin were also reviewed here. As a result, gastrodin possesses a broad range of beneficial effects on the above-mentioned CNS diseases, and the mechanisms of actions include modulating neurotransmitters, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, suppressing microglial activation, regulating mitochondrial cascades, up-regulating neurotrophins, etc. However, more detailed clinical trials are still in need for positioning it in the treatment of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China.,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jialiang Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Min Peng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hongyan Meng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hongbo Ma
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Pingping Cai
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuan Xu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qiong Zhao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Guomin Si
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Mao XN, Zhou HJ, Yang XJ, Zhao LX, Kuang X, Chen C, Liu DL, Du JR. Neuroprotective effect of a novel gastrodin derivative against ischemic brain injury: involvement of peroxiredoxin and TLR4 signaling inhibition. Oncotarget 2017; 8:90979-90995. [PMID: 29207618 PMCID: PMC5710899 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The inhibition of extracellular inflammatory peroxiredoxin (Prx) signaling appears to be a potential therapeutic strategy for neuroinflammatory injury after acute ischemic stroke. Gastrodin (Gas) is a phenolic glycoside that is used for the treatment of cerebral ischemia, accompanied by regulation of the autoimmune inflammatory response. The present study investigated the neuroprotective effects of Gas and its derivative, Gas-D, with a focus on the potential mechanism associated with inflammatory Prx-Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling. Gas-D significantly inhibited Prx1-, Prx2-, and Prx4-induced inflammatory responses in RAW264.7 macrophages and H2O2-mediated oxidative injury in SH-SY5Y nerve cells. In rats, intraperitoneal Gas-D administration 10 h after reperfusion following 2-h middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) ameliorated neurological deficits, brain infarction, and neuropathological alterations, including neuron loss, astrocyte and microglia/macrophage activation, T-lymphocyte invasion, and lipid peroxidation. Delayed Gas-D treatment significantly inhibited postischemic Prx1/2/4 expression and spillage, TLR4 signaling activation, and inflammatory mediator production. In contrast, Gas had no significant effects in either cell model or in MCAO rats under the same conditions. These results indicate that Gas-D may be a drug candidate with an extended therapeutic time window that blocks inflammatory responses and attenuates the expression and secretome of inflammatory Prxs in acute ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Na Mao
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hong-Jing Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiao-Jia Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Li-Xue Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xi Kuang
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Chu Chen
- Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Dong-Ling Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jun-Rong Du
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
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50
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Wang JW, Liu YM, Zhao XF, Zhang H. Gastrodin protects retinal ganglion cells through inhibiting microglial-mediated neuroinflammation in an acute ocular hypertension model. Int J Ophthalmol 2017; 10:1483-1489. [PMID: 29062764 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2017.10.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the neuroprotective effect of gastrodin on retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in an acute ocular hypertension (AOH) rat model and to identify its possible mechanism. METHODS AOH rat model was performed in a randomly selected eye by anterior chamber perfusion and either received an intraperitoneal injection with various concentrations of gastrodin or normal saline. After 2wk, the rats were sacrificed. FluoroGold was used to label survival RGCs. Immunostaining with anti-Iba1 in the retinal flat mounts to calculate the microglia density in the ganglion cell layer (GCL). Changes in microglial cytokines, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and inducible NO synthase (iNOS) were examined with Western blot and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Expression levels of total and phosphorylated p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) were determined by Western blot. RESULTS Results showed that AOH induced significant loss of RGCs and severe microglia activation in the GCL. Besides, AOH increased the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and promoted the release of microglial cytokines in the retinas. Intraperitoneal injection with dose-dependent gastrodin significantly reduced the loss of RGCs and inhibited retinal microglia activation, accompanied with the decreased expression levels of microglial cytokines and p38 MAPK phosphorylation. CONCLUSION Gastrodin exerts a neuroprotective effect on RGCs in an acute glaucoma animal model via inhibiting microglia activation and microglial-mediated neuroinflammation. The finding demonstrates the potential application of gastrodin in the neuroprotective therapy of acute glaucoma and other retinal neurodegenerative diseases characterized by microglia activation and RGCs death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Wei Wang
- Eye Center of Shandong University, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan 250033, Shandong Province, China.,Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yao-Ming Liu
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Zhao
- Eye Center of Shandong University, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan 250033, Shandong Province, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Eye Center of Shandong University, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan 250033, Shandong Province, China
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