1
|
Mahé M, Rios-Fuller T, Katsara O, Schneider RJ. Non-canonical mRNA translation initiation in cell stress and cancer. NAR Cancer 2024; 6:zcae026. [PMID: 38828390 PMCID: PMC11140632 DOI: 10.1093/narcan/zcae026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The now well described canonical mRNA translation initiation mechanism of m7G 'cap' recognition by cap-binding protein eIF4E and assembly of the canonical pre-initiation complex consisting of scaffolding protein eIF4G and RNA helicase eIF4A has historically been thought to describe all cellular mRNA translation. However, the past decade has seen the discovery of alternative mechanisms to canonical eIF4E mediated mRNA translation initiation. Studies have shown that non-canonical alternate mechanisms of cellular mRNA translation initiation, whether cap-dependent or independent, serve to provide selective translation of mRNAs under cell physiological and pathological stress conditions. These conditions typically involve the global downregulation of canonical eIF4E1/cap-mediated mRNA translation, and selective translational reprogramming of the cell proteome, as occurs in tumor development and malignant progression. Cancer cells must be able to maintain physiological plasticity to acquire a migratory phenotype, invade tissues, metastasize, survive and adapt to severe microenvironmental stress conditions that involve inhibition of canonical mRNA translation initiation. In this review we describe the emerging, important role of non-canonical, alternate mechanisms of mRNA translation initiation in cancer, particularly in adaptation to stresses and the phenotypic cell fate changes involved in malignant progression and metastasis. These alternate translation initiation mechanisms provide new targets for oncology therapeutics development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Mahé
- Department of Microbiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Tiffany Rios-Fuller
- Department of Microbiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Olga Katsara
- Department of Microbiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Robert J Schneider
- Department of Microbiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dasgupta A, Prensner JR. Upstream open reading frames: new players in the landscape of cancer gene regulation. NAR Cancer 2024; 6:zcae023. [PMID: 38774471 PMCID: PMC11106035 DOI: 10.1093/narcan/zcae023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The translation of RNA by ribosomes represents a central biological process and one of the most dysregulated processes in cancer. While translation is traditionally thought to occur exclusively in the protein-coding regions of messenger RNAs (mRNAs), recent transcriptome-wide approaches have shown abundant ribosome activity across diverse stretches of RNA transcripts. The most common type of this kind of ribosome activity occurs in gene leader sequences, also known as 5' untranslated regions (UTRs) of the mRNA, that precede the main coding sequence. Translation of these upstream open reading frames (uORFs) is now known to occur in upwards of 25% of all protein-coding genes. With diverse functions from RNA regulation to microprotein generation, uORFs are rapidly igniting a new arena of cancer biology, where they are linked to cancer genetics, cancer signaling, and tumor-immune interactions. This review focuses on the contributions of uORFs and their associated 5'UTR sequences to cancer biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anwesha Dasgupta
- Chad Carr Pediatric Brain Tumor Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - John R Prensner
- Chad Carr Pediatric Brain Tumor Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Alard A, Katsara O, Rios-Fuller T, Parra CDL, Ozerdem U, Ernlund A, Schneider RJ. Breast cancer cell mesenchymal transition and metastasis directed by DAP5/eIF3d-mediated selective mRNA translation. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112646. [PMID: 37314929 PMCID: PMC10895648 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cell plasticity enables cell survival in harsh physiological environments and fate transitions such as the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) that underlies invasion and metastasis. Using genome-wide transcriptomic and translatomic studies, an alternate mechanism of cap-dependent mRNA translation by the DAP5/eIF3d complex is shown to be essential for metastasis, EMT, and tumor directed angiogenesis. DAP5/eIF3d carries out selective translation of mRNAs encoding EMT transcription factors and regulators, cell migration integrins, metalloproteinases, and cell survival and angiogenesis factors. DAP5 is overexpressed in metastatic human breast cancers associated with poor metastasis-free survival. In human and murine breast cancer animal models, DAP5 is not required for primary tumor growth but is essential for EMT, cell migration, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, and resistance to anoikis. Thus, cancer cell mRNA translation involves two cap-dependent mRNA translation mechanisms, eIF4E/mTORC1 and DAP5/eIF3d. These findings highlight a surprising level of plasticity in mRNA translation during cancer progression and metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Alard
- Department of Microbiology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Olga Katsara
- Department of Microbiology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | | | | | - Ugur Ozerdem
- Department of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Amanda Ernlund
- Department of Microbiology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Robert J Schneider
- Department of Microbiology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Villalobos-Cantor S, Barrett RM, Condon AF, Arreola-Bustos A, Rodriguez KM, Cohen MS, Martin I. Rapid cell type-specific nascent proteome labeling in Drosophila. eLife 2023; 12:83545. [PMID: 37092974 PMCID: PMC10125018 DOI: 10.7554/elife.83545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Controlled protein synthesis is required to regulate gene expression and is often carried out in a cell type-specific manner. Protein synthesis is commonly measured by labeling the nascent proteome with amino acid analogs or isotope-containing amino acids. These methods have been difficult to implement in vivo as they require lengthy amino acid replacement procedures. O-propargyl-puromycin (OPP) is a puromycin analog that incorporates into nascent polypeptide chains. Through its terminal alkyne, OPP can be conjugated to a fluorophore-azide for directly visualizing nascent protein synthesis, or to a biotin-azide for capture and identification of newly-synthesized proteins. To achieve cell type-specific OPP incorporation, we developed phenylacetyl-OPP (PhAc-OPP), a puromycin analog harboring an enzyme-labile blocking group that can be removed by penicillin G acylase (PGA). Here, we show that cell type-specific PGA expression in Drosophila can be used to achieve OPP labeling of newly-synthesized proteins in targeted cell populations within the brain. Following a brief 2 hr incubation of intact brains with PhAc-OPP, we observe robust imaging and affinity purification of OPP-labeled nascent proteins in PGA-targeted cell populations. We apply this method to show a pronounced age-related decline in neuronal protein synthesis in the fly brain, demonstrating the capability of PhAc-OPP to quantitatively capture in vivo protein synthesis states. This method, which we call POPPi (PGA-dependent OPP incorporation), should be applicable for rapidly visualizing protein synthesis and identifying nascent proteins synthesized under diverse physiological and pathological conditions with cellular specificity in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanny Villalobos-Cantor
- Jungers Center for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, United States
| | - Ruth M Barrett
- Jungers Center for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, United States
| | - Alec F Condon
- Jungers Center for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, United States
| | - Alicia Arreola-Bustos
- Jungers Center for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, United States
| | - Kelsie M Rodriguez
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, United States
| | - Michael S Cohen
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, United States
| | - Ian Martin
- Jungers Center for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, United States
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, United States
- Parkinson Center of Oregon, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Saeed H, Leibowitz BJ, Zhang L, Yu J. Targeting Myc-driven stress addiction in colorectal cancer. Drug Resist Updat 2023; 69:100963. [PMID: 37119690 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2023.100963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
MYC is a proto-oncogene that encodes a powerful regulator of transcription and cellular programs essential for normal development, as well as the growth and survival of various types of cancer cells. MYC rearrangement and amplification is a common cause of hematologic malignancies. In epithelial cancers such as colorectal cancer, genetic alterations in MYC are rare. Activation of Wnt, ERK/MAPK, and PI3K/mTOR pathways dramatically increases Myc levels through enhanced transcription, translation, and protein stability. Elevated Myc promotes stress adaptation, metabolic reprogramming, and immune evasion to drive cancer development and therapeutic resistance through broad changes in transcriptional and translational landscapes. Despite intense interest and effort, Myc remains a difficult drug target. Deregulation of Myc and its targets has profound effects that vary depending on the type of cancer and the context. Here, we summarize recent advances in the mechanistic understanding of Myc-driven oncogenesis centered around mRNA translation and proteostress. Promising strategies and agents under development to target Myc are also discussed with a focus on colorectal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haris Saeed
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Dept. of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Brian J Leibowitz
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Dept. of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Lin Zhang
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Dept. of Chemical Biology and Pharmacology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jian Yu
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Dept. of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Dept. of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ruan H, Leibowitz BJ, Peng Y, Shen L, Chen L, Kuang C, Schoen RE, Lu X, Zhang L, Yu J. Targeting Myc-driven stress vulnerability in mutant KRAS colorectal cancer. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2022; 3:10. [PMID: 35307764 PMCID: PMC8934835 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-022-00070-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutant KRAS is a key driver in colorectal cancer (CRC) and promotes Myc translation and Myc-dependent stress adaptation and proliferation. Here, we report that the combination of two FDA-approved drugs Bortezomib and Everolimus (RAD001) (BR) is highly efficacious against mutant KRAS CRC cells. Mechanistically, the combination, not single agent, rapidly depletes Myc protein, not mRNA, and leads to GCN2- and p-eIF2α-dependent cell death through the activation of extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways. Cell death is selectively induced in mutant KRAS CRC cells with elevated basal Myc and p-eIF2α and is characterized by CHOP induction and transcriptional signatures in proteotoxicity, oxidative stress, metabolic inhibition, and immune activation. BR-induced p-GCN2/p-eIF2α elevation and cell death are strongly attenuated by MYC knockdown and enhanced by MYC overexpression. The BR combination is efficacious against mutant KRAS patient derived organoids (PDO) and xenografts (PDX) by inducing p-eIF2α/CHOP and cell death. Interestingly, an elevated four-gene (DDIT3, GADD45B, CRYBA4 and HSPA1L) stress signature is linked to shortened overall survival in CRC patients. These data support that Myc-dependent stress adaptation drives the progression of mutant KRAS CRC and serves as a therapeutic vulnerability, which can be targeted using dual translational inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hang Ruan
- grid.412689.00000 0001 0650 7433UPMC Hillman Cancer Center Research Pavilion, Suite 2.26h, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA ,grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
| | - Brian J. Leibowitz
- grid.412689.00000 0001 0650 7433UPMC Hillman Cancer Center Research Pavilion, Suite 2.26h, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA ,grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
| | - Yingpeng Peng
- grid.412689.00000 0001 0650 7433UPMC Hillman Cancer Center Research Pavilion, Suite 2.26h, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA ,grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
| | - Lin Shen
- grid.412689.00000 0001 0650 7433UPMC Hillman Cancer Center Research Pavilion, Suite 2.26h, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA ,grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008 P.R. China
| | - Lujia Chen
- grid.412689.00000 0001 0650 7433UPMC Hillman Cancer Center Research Pavilion, Suite 2.26h, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA ,grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Department of Medical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15232 USA
| | - Charlie Kuang
- grid.412689.00000 0001 0650 7433UPMC Hillman Cancer Center Research Pavilion, Suite 2.26h, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA ,grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
| | - Robert E. Schoen
- grid.412689.00000 0001 0650 7433UPMC Hillman Cancer Center Research Pavilion, Suite 2.26h, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA ,grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA ,grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
| | - Xinghua Lu
- grid.412689.00000 0001 0650 7433UPMC Hillman Cancer Center Research Pavilion, Suite 2.26h, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA ,grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Department of Medical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15232 USA
| | - Lin Zhang
- grid.412689.00000 0001 0650 7433UPMC Hillman Cancer Center Research Pavilion, Suite 2.26h, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA ,grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
| | - Jian Yu
- grid.412689.00000 0001 0650 7433UPMC Hillman Cancer Center Research Pavilion, Suite 2.26h, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA ,grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Corsi F, Capradossi F, Pelliccia A, Briganti S, Bruni E, Traversa E, Torino F, Reichle A, Ghibelli L. Apoptosis as Driver of Therapy-Induced Cancer Repopulation and Acquired Cell-Resistance (CRAC): A Simple In Vitro Model of Phoenix Rising in Prostate Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031152. [PMID: 35163077 PMCID: PMC8834753 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Apoptotic cells stimulate compensatory proliferation through the caspase-3-cPLA-2-COX-2-PGE-2-STAT3 Phoenix Rising pathway as a healing process in normal tissues. Phoenix Rising is however usurped in cancer, potentially nullifying pro-apoptotic therapies. Cytotoxic therapies also promote cancer cell plasticity through epigenetic reprogramming, leading to epithelial-to-mesenchymal-transition (EMT), chemo-resistance and tumor progression. We explored the relationship between such scenarios, setting-up an innovative, straightforward one-pot in vitro model of therapy-induced prostate cancer repopulation. Cancer (castration-resistant PC3 and androgen-sensitive LNCaP), or normal (RWPE-1) prostate cells, are treated with etoposide and left recovering for 18 days. After a robust apoptotic phase, PC3 setup a coordinate tissue-like response, repopulating and acquiring EMT and chemo-resistance; repopulation occurs via Phoenix Rising, being dependent on high PGE-2 levels achieved through caspase-3-promoted signaling; epigenetic inhibitors interrupt Phoenix Rising after PGE-2, preventing repopulation. Instead, RWPE-1 repopulate via Phoenix Rising without reprogramming, EMT or chemo-resistance, indicating that only cancer cells require reprogramming to complete Phoenix Rising. Intriguingly, LNCaP stop Phoenix-Rising after PGE-2, failing repopulating, suggesting that the propensity to engage/complete Phoenix Rising may influence the outcome of pro-apoptotic therapies. Concluding, we established a reliable system where to study prostate cancer repopulation, showing that epigenetic reprogramming assists Phoenix Rising to promote post-therapy cancer repopulation and acquired cell-resistance (CRAC).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Corsi
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (A.P.); (E.B.)
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (L.G.); Tel.: +39-06-7259-4095 (F.C.); Tel.: +39-06-7259-4218 (L.G.)
| | - Francesco Capradossi
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (A.P.); (E.B.)
- PhD Program in Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Pelliccia
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (A.P.); (E.B.)
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Stefania Briganti
- Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy;
| | - Emanuele Bruni
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (A.P.); (E.B.)
| | - Enrico Traversa
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy;
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610056, China
| | - Francesco Torino
- Department of Systems Medicine, Medical Oncology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Albrecht Reichle
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany;
| | - Lina Ghibelli
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (A.P.); (E.B.)
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (L.G.); Tel.: +39-06-7259-4095 (F.C.); Tel.: +39-06-7259-4218 (L.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
S M N Mydin RB, Sreekantan S, Widera D, Saharudin KA, Hazan R, Farid Wajidi MF. Genome-nanosurface interaction of titania nanotube arrays: evaluation of telomere, telomerase and NF-κB activities on an epithelial cell model. RSC Adv 2022; 12:2237-2245. [PMID: 35425228 PMCID: PMC8979010 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05325f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Titanium dioxide nanotube arrays (TNAs) provide a promising platform for medical implants and nanomedicine applications. The present cell-TNA study has provided profound understanding on protection of genome integrity via telomere, telomerase and NF-κB activities using an epithelial cell model. It has been revealed in this study that cell-TNA interaction triggers the telomere shortening activity and inhibition of telomerase activity at the mRNA and protein level. The present work supported that the cell-TNA stimulus might involve controlled transcription and proliferative activities via NBN and TERF21P mechanisms. Moreover, inhibition of NF-κB may promote molecular sensitivity via senescence-associated secretory phenotype activities and might result in reduced inflammatory response which would be good for cell and nanosurface adaptation activities. Thus, this nanomaterial-molecular knowledge is beneficial for further nanomaterial characterization and advanced medical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rabiatul Basria S M N Mydin
- Oncological and Radiological Sciences Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia 13200 Bertam, Kepala Batas Pulau Pinang Malaysia +60-04-5622351
| | - Srimala Sreekantan
- School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia Engineering Campus, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Seberang Perai Selatan Pulau Pinang Malaysia
| | - Darius Widera
- Reading School of Pharmacy Whiteknights Reading UK RG6 6U
| | - Khairul Arifah Saharudin
- School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia Engineering Campus, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Seberang Perai Selatan Pulau Pinang Malaysia
- Qdos Interconnect Sdn Bhd No 99 Bayan Lepas Industrial Estate 11900 Penang Malaysia
| | - Roshasnorlyza Hazan
- Materials Technology Group, Industrial Technology Division, Nuclear Malaysia Agency Bangi, Kajang 43000 Selangor Malaysia
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Anderson R, Agarwal A, Ghosh A, Guan B, Casteel J, Dvorina N, Baldwin WM, Mazumder B, Nazarko TY, Merrick WC, Buchner DA, Hatzoglou M, Kondratov RV, Komar AA. eIF2A-knockout mice reveal decreased life span and metabolic syndrome. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21990. [PMID: 34665898 PMCID: PMC8848898 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101105r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Eukaryotic initiation factor 2A (eIF2A) is a 65 kDa protein that functions in minor initiation pathways, which affect the translation of only a subset of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNAs), such as internal ribosome entry site (IRES)-containing mRNAs and/or mRNAs harboring upstream near cognate/non-AUG start codons. These non-canonical initiation events are important for regulation of protein synthesis during cellular development and/or the integrated stress response. Selective eIF2A knockdown in cellular systems significantly inhibits translation of such mRNAs, which rely on alternative initiation mechanisms for their translation. However, there exists a gap in our understanding of how eIF2A functions in mammalian systems in vivo (on the organismal level) and ex vivo (in cells). Here, using an eIF2A-knockout (KO) mouse model, we present evidence implicating eIF2A in the biology of aging, metabolic syndrome and central tolerance. We discovered that eIF2A-KO mice have reduced life span and that eIF2A plays an important role in maintenance of lipid homeostasis, the control of glucose tolerance, insulin resistance and also reduces the abundance of B lymphocytes and dendritic cells in the thymic medulla of mice. We also show the eIF2A KO affects male and female mice differently, suggesting that eIF2A may affect sex-specific pathways. Interestingly, our experiments involving pharmacological induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress with tunicamycin did not reveal any substantial difference between the response to ER stress in eIF2A-KO and wild-type mice. The identification of eIF2A function in the development of metabolic syndrome bears promise for the further identification of specific eIF2A targets responsible for these changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Anderson
- Center for Gene Regulation in Health and DiseaseDepartment of Biological, Geological and Environmental SciencesCleveland State UniversityClevelandOhioUSA
| | - Anchal Agarwal
- Center for Gene Regulation in Health and DiseaseDepartment of Biological, Geological and Environmental SciencesCleveland State UniversityClevelandOhioUSA
| | - Arnab Ghosh
- Center for Gene Regulation in Health and DiseaseDepartment of Biological, Geological and Environmental SciencesCleveland State UniversityClevelandOhioUSA
| | - Bo‐Jhih Guan
- Department of Genetics and Genome SciencesCase Western Reserve University School of MedicineClevelandOhioUSA
| | - Jackson Casteel
- Center for Gene Regulation in Health and DiseaseDepartment of Biological, Geological and Environmental SciencesCleveland State UniversityClevelandOhioUSA
| | - Nina Dvorina
- Department of Inflammation and ImmunityCleveland Clinic Lerner College of MedicineClevelandOhioUSA
| | - William M. Baldwin
- Department of Inflammation and ImmunityCleveland Clinic Lerner College of MedicineClevelandOhioUSA
| | - Barsanjit Mazumder
- Center for Gene Regulation in Health and DiseaseDepartment of Biological, Geological and Environmental SciencesCleveland State UniversityClevelandOhioUSA
| | | | - William C. Merrick
- Department of BiochemistryCase Western Reserve University School of MedicineClevelandOhioUSA
| | - David A. Buchner
- Department of Genetics and Genome SciencesCase Western Reserve University School of MedicineClevelandOhioUSA,Department of BiochemistryCase Western Reserve University School of MedicineClevelandOhioUSA
| | - Maria Hatzoglou
- Department of Genetics and Genome SciencesCase Western Reserve University School of MedicineClevelandOhioUSA
| | - Roman V. Kondratov
- Center for Gene Regulation in Health and DiseaseDepartment of Biological, Geological and Environmental SciencesCleveland State UniversityClevelandOhioUSA
| | - Anton A. Komar
- Center for Gene Regulation in Health and DiseaseDepartment of Biological, Geological and Environmental SciencesCleveland State UniversityClevelandOhioUSA,Department of BiochemistryCase Western Reserve University School of MedicineClevelandOhioUSA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Vo DK, Engler A, Stoimenovski D, Hartig R, Kaehne T, Kalinski T, Naumann M, Haybaeck J, Nass N. Interactome Mapping of eIF3A in a Colon Cancer and an Immortalized Embryonic Cell Line Using Proximity-Dependent Biotin Identification. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13061293. [PMID: 33799492 PMCID: PMC7999522 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Translation initiation comprises complex interactions of eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) subunits and the structural elements of the mRNAs. Translation initiation is a key process for building the cell's proteome. It not only determines the total amount of protein synthesized but also controls the translation efficiency for individual transcripts, which is important for cancer or ageing. Thus, understanding protein interactions during translation initiation is one key that contributes to understanding how the eIF subunit composition influences translation or other pathways not yet attributed to eIFs. We applied the BioID technique to two rapidly dividing cell lines (the immortalized embryonic cell line HEK-293T and the colon carcinoma cell line HCT-166) in order to identify interacting proteins of eIF3A, a core subunit of the eukaryotic initiation factor 3 complex. We identified a total of 84 interacting proteins, with very few proteins being specific to one cell line. When protein biosynthesis was blocked by thapsigargin-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, the interacting proteins were considerably smaller in number. In terms of gene ontology, although eIF3A interactors are mainly part of the translation machinery, protein folding and RNA binding were also found. Cells suffering from ER-stress show a few remaining interactors which are mainly ribosomal proteins or involved in RNA-binding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diep-Khanh Vo
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (D.-K.V.); (D.S.); (T.K.); (J.H.)
| | - Alexander Engler
- Institute of Experimental Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (A.E.); (T.K.); (M.N.)
| | - Darko Stoimenovski
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (D.-K.V.); (D.S.); (T.K.); (J.H.)
| | - Roland Hartig
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany;
| | - Thilo Kaehne
- Institute of Experimental Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (A.E.); (T.K.); (M.N.)
| | - Thomas Kalinski
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (D.-K.V.); (D.S.); (T.K.); (J.H.)
| | - Michael Naumann
- Institute of Experimental Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (A.E.); (T.K.); (M.N.)
| | - Johannes Haybaeck
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (D.-K.V.); (D.S.); (T.K.); (J.H.)
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology, and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Pathology, Diagnostic & Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, A-8010 Graz, Austria
- Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Norbert Nass
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (D.-K.V.); (D.S.); (T.K.); (J.H.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
The DEAD-box helicase family member DDX3X (DBX, DDX3) functions in nearly all stages of RNA metabolism and participates in the progression of many diseases, including virus infection, inflammation, intellectual disabilities and cancer. Over two decades, many studies have gradually unveiled the role of DDX3X in tumorigenesis and tumour progression. In fact, DDX3X possesses numerous functions in cancer biology and is closely related to many well-known molecules. In this review, we describe the function of DDX3X in RNA metabolism, cellular stress response, innate immune response, metabolic stress response in pancreatic β cells and embryo development. Then, we focused on the role of DDX3X in cancer biology and systematically demonstrated its functions in various aspects of tumorigenesis and development. To provide a more intuitive understanding of the role of DDX3X in cancer, we summarized its functions and specific mechanisms in various types of cancer and presented its involvement in cancer-related signalling pathways.
Collapse
|
12
|
Micalizzi DS, Ebright RY, Haber DA, Maheswaran S. Translational Regulation of Cancer Metastasis. Cancer Res 2021; 81:517-524. [PMID: 33479028 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-2720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Deregulation of the mRNA translational process has been observed during tumorigenesis. However, recent findings have shown that deregulation of translation also contributes specifically to cancer cell spread. During metastasis, cancer cells undergo changes in cellular state, permitting the acquisition of features necessary for cell survival, dissemination, and outgrowth. In addition, metastatic cells respond to external cues, allowing for their persistence under significant cellular and microenvironmental stresses. Recent work has revealed the importance of mRNA translation to these dynamic changes, including regulation of cell states through epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and tumor dormancy and as a response to external stresses such as hypoxia and immune surveillance. In this review, we focus on examples of altered translation underlying these phenotypic changes and responses to external cues and explore how they contribute to metastatic progression. We also highlight the therapeutic opportunities presented by aberrant mRNA translation, suggesting novel ways to target metastatic tumor cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas S Micalizzi
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts.,Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Richard Y Ebright
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Daniel A Haber
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts. .,Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland
| | - Shyamala Maheswaran
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts. .,Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Brown NP, Vergara AM, Whelan AB, Guerra P, Bolger TA. Medulloblastoma-associated mutations in the DEAD-box RNA helicase DDX3X/DED1 cause specific defects in translation. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100296. [PMID: 33460649 PMCID: PMC7949108 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Medulloblastoma is the most common pediatric brain cancer, and sequencing studies identified frequent mutations in DDX3X, a DEAD-box RNA helicase primarily implicated in translation. Forty-two different sites were identified, suggesting that the functional effects of the mutations are complex. To investigate how these mutations are affecting DDX3X cellular function, we constructed a full set of equivalent mutant alleles in DED1, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae ortholog of DDX3X, and characterized their effects in vivo and in vitro. Most of the medulloblastoma-associated mutants in DDX3X/DED1 (ded1-mam) showed substantial growth defects, indicating that functional effects are conserved in yeast. Further, while translation was affected in some mutants, translation defects affecting bulk mRNA were neither consistent nor correlated with the growth phenotypes. Likewise, increased formation of stress granules in ded1-mam mutants was common but did not correspond to the severity of the mutants' growth defects. In contrast, defects in translating mRNAs containing secondary structure in their 5' untranslated regions (UTRs) were found in almost all ded1-mam mutants and correlated well with growth phenotypes. We thus conclude that these specific translation defects, rather than generalized effects on translation, are responsible for the observed cellular phenotypes and likely contribute to DDX3X-mutant medulloblastoma. Examination of ATPase activity and RNA binding of recombinant mutant proteins also did not reveal a consistent defect, indicating that the translation defects are derived from multiple enzymatic deficiencies. This work suggests that future studies into medulloblastoma pathology should focus on this specific translation defect, while taking into account the wide spectrum of DDX3X mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolette P Brown
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Ashley M Vergara
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Alisha B Whelan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Paolo Guerra
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Timothy A Bolger
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hajj GNM, Nunes PBC, Roffe M. Genome-wide translation patterns in gliomas: An integrative view. Cell Signal 2020; 79:109883. [PMID: 33321181 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Gliomas are the most frequent tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) and include the highly malignant glioblastoma (GBM). Characteristically, gliomas have translational control deregulation related to overactivation of signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT/mTORC1 and Ras/ERK1/2. Thus, mRNA translation appears to play a dominant role in glioma gene expression patterns. The, analysis of genome-wide translated transcripts, together known as the translatome, may reveal important information for understanding gene expression patterns in gliomas. This review provides a brief overview of translational control mechanisms altered in gliomas with a focus on the current knowledge related to the translatomes of glioma cells and murine glioma models. We present an integrative meta-analysis of selected glioma translatome data with the aim of identifying recurrent patterns of gene expression preferentially regulated at the level of translation and obtaining clues regarding the pathological significance of these alterations. Re-analysis of several translatome datasets was performed to compare the translatomes of glioma models with those of their non-tumor counterparts and to document glioma cell responses to radiotherapy and MNK modulation. The role of recurrently altered genes in the context of translational control and tumorigenesis are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Glaucia Noeli Maroso Hajj
- International Research Institute, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Rua Taguá, 440, São Paulo ZIP Code: 01508-010, Brazil; National Institute of Oncogenomics and Innovation, Brazil.
| | - Paula Borzino Cordeiro Nunes
- International Research Institute, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Rua Taguá, 440, São Paulo ZIP Code: 01508-010, Brazil
| | - Martin Roffe
- International Research Institute, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Rua Taguá, 440, São Paulo ZIP Code: 01508-010, Brazil; National Institute of Oncogenomics and Innovation, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Li SL, Li ZF, Cao QW, Wang WZ. SLC12A8 plays a key role in bladder cancer progression and EMT. Open Med (Wars) 2020; 16:58-67. [PMID: 33364434 PMCID: PMC7739378 DOI: 10.1515/med-2021-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is the most common malignant tumor of the urinary system. The intention of the present research is to explore the prognostic value and biological function of solute carrier family 12 member 8 (SLC12A8) in bladder cancer. The analysis based on the TCGA and ONCOMINE database revealed that the expression of SLC12A8 in bladder cancer was notably increased compared with the normal group. SLC12A8 expression was notably correlated with the age, pathological stage, T-stage, and lymph node metastasis of bladder cancer patients. Moreover, the patients’ overall survival was notably shorter in the high SLC12A8 group. Compared with the control, SLC12A8 upregulation enhanced the proliferative, invasive, and migratory capacities of bladder cancer cells and promoted the expression of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) protein markers including β-catenin, vimentin, snail, and slug, while reduced the expression of E-cadherin. In the case of downregulated SLC12A8 expression, the proliferative, invasive, and migratory capacities of bladder cancer cells and the expression of EMT protein markers presented the opposite trend. This study demonstrated that SLC12A8 was highly correlated with oncogenesis and progression of bladder cancer, indicating that SLC12A8 may be a meaningful biomarker for initial diagnosis and early treatment of bladder cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Lai Li
- The Fifth People's Hospital of Jinan, Department of Urology, No. 24297, Jingshi Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zheng-Feng Li
- The Fifth People's Hospital of Jinan, Department of Urology, No. 24297, Jingshi Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qing-Wei Cao
- Shandong Provincial Hospital, Department of Urology, No. 9677, Jingshi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandon, China
| | - Wen-Zhen Wang
- The Fifth People's Hospital of Jinan, Department of Urology, No. 24297, Jingshi Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sen P, Ghosal S, Hazra R, Mohanty R, Arega S, Sahu B, Ganguly N. CRISPR-mediated knockdown of miR-214 modulates cell fate in response to anti-cancer drugs in HPV-negative and HPV-positive cervical cancer cells. J Biosci 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-020-00054-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
17
|
The Function of SUMOylation and Its Role in the Development of Cancer Cells under Stress Conditions: A Systematic Review. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:8835714. [PMID: 33273928 PMCID: PMC7683158 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8835714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant tumors still pose serious threats to human health due to their high morbidity and mortality. Recurrence and metastasis are the most important factors affecting patient prognosis. Chemotherapeutic drugs and radiation used to treat these tumors mainly interfere with tumor metabolism, destroy DNA integrity, and inhibit protein synthesis. The upregulation of small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) is a prevalent posttranslational modification (PTM) in various cancers and plays a critical role in tumor development. The dysregulation of SUMOylation can protect cancer cells from stresses exerted by external or internal stimuli. SUMOylation is a dynamic process finely regulated by SUMOylation enzymes and proteases to maintain a balance between SUMOylation and deSUMOylation. An increasing number of studies have reported that SUMOylation imbalance may contribute to cancer development, including metastasis, angiogenesis, invasion, and proliferation. High level of SUMOylation is required for cancer cells to survive internal or external stresses. Downregulation of SUMOylation may inhibit the development of cancer, making it an important potential clinical therapeutic target. Some studies have already begun to treat tumors by inhibiting the expression of SUMOylation family members, including SUMO E1 or E2. The tumor cells become more aggressive under internal and external stresses. The prevention of tumor development, metastasis, recurrence, and radiochemotherapy resistance by attenuating SUMOylation requires further exploration. This review focused on SUMOylation in tumor cells to discuss its effects on tumor suppressor proteins and oncoproteins as well as classical tumor pathways to identify new insights for cancer clinical therapy.
Collapse
|
18
|
Itani OA, Zhong X, Tang X, Scott BA, Yan JY, Flibotte S, Lim Y, Hsieh AC, Bruce JE, Van Gilst M, Crowder CM. Coordinate Regulation of Ribosome and tRNA Biogenesis Controls Hypoxic Injury and Translation. Curr Biol 2020; 31:128-137.e5. [PMID: 33157031 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The translation machinery is composed of a myriad of proteins and RNAs whose levels must be coordinated to efficiently produce proteins without wasting energy or substrate. However, protein synthesis is clearly not always perfectly tuned to its environment, as disruption of translation machinery components can lengthen lifespan and stress survival. While much has been learned from bacteria and yeast about translational regulation, much less is known in metazoans. In a screen for mutations protecting C. elegans from hypoxic stress, we isolated multiple genes impacting protein synthesis: a ribosomal RNA helicase gene, tRNA biosynthesis genes, and a gene controlling amino acid availability. To define better the mechanisms by which these genes impact protein synthesis, we performed a second screen for suppressors of the conditional developmental arrest phenotype of the RNA helicase mutant and identified genes involved in ribosome biogenesis. Surprisingly, these suppressor mutations restored normal hypoxic sensitivity and protein synthesis to the tRNA biogenesis mutants, but not to the mutant reducing amino acid uptake. Proteomic analysis demonstrated that reduced tRNA biosynthetic activity produces a selective homeostatic reduction in ribosomal subunits, thereby offering a mechanism for the suppression results. Our study uncovers an unrecognized higher-order-translation regulatory mechanism in a metazoan whereby ribosome biogenesis genes communicate with genes controlling tRNA abundance matching the global rate of protein synthesis with available resources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Omar A Itani
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195-6540, USA; Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Xuefei Zhong
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, 3720 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Xiaoting Tang
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, 3720 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Barbara A Scott
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195-6540, USA; Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Jun Yi Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195-6540, USA; Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Seattle, WA 98105, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Central Hospital of Changdian, Dandong, Liaoning 118214, China
| | - Stephane Flibotte
- Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Yiting Lim
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Andrew C Hsieh
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, 3720 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA; Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195-6420, USA
| | - James E Bruce
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, 3720 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Marc Van Gilst
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195-6540, USA; Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - C Michael Crowder
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195-6540, USA; Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Seattle, WA 98105, USA; Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, 3720 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ruan H, Li X, Xu X, Leibowitz BJ, Tong J, Chen L, Ao L, Xing W, Luo J, Yu Y, Schoen RE, Sonenberg N, Lu X, Zhang L, Yu J. eIF4E S209 phosphorylation licenses myc- and stress-driven oncogenesis. eLife 2020; 9:60151. [PMID: 33135632 PMCID: PMC7665890 DOI: 10.7554/elife.60151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
To better understand a role of eIF4E S209 in oncogenic translation, we generated EIF4ES209A/+ heterozygous knockin (4EKI) HCT 116 human colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. 4EKI had little impact on total eIF4E levels, cap binding or global translation, but markedly reduced HCT 116 cell growth in spheroids and mice, and CRC organoid growth. 4EKI strongly inhibited Myc and ATF4 translation, the integrated stress response (ISR)-dependent glutamine metabolic signature, AKT activation and proliferation in vivo. 4EKI inhibited polyposis in ApcMin/+ mice by suppressing Myc protein and AKT activation. Furthermore, p-eIF4E was highly elevated in CRC precursor lesions in mouse and human. p-eIF4E cooperated with mutant KRAS to promote Myc and ISR-dependent glutamine addiction in various CRC cell lines, characterized by increased cell death, transcriptomic heterogeneity and immune suppression upon deprivation. These findings demonstrate a critical role of eIF4E S209-dependent translation in Myc and stress-driven oncogenesis and as a potential therapeutic vulnerability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hang Ruan
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States.,UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, United States
| | - Xiangyun Li
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States.,UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, United States.,Department of Stem cell and regenerative medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiang Xu
- Department of Stem cell and regenerative medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Central laboratory, State key laboratory of trauma, burn and combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Brian J Leibowitz
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States.,UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, United States
| | - Jingshan Tong
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, United States.,Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States
| | - Lujia Chen
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, United States.,Department of Biomedical informatics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States
| | - Luoquan Ao
- Department of Stem cell and regenerative medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Central laboratory, State key laboratory of trauma, burn and combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Xing
- Department of Stem cell and regenerative medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Central laboratory, State key laboratory of trauma, burn and combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianhua Luo
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States
| | - Yanping Yu
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States
| | - Robert E Schoen
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, United States
| | - Nahum Sonenberg
- Department of Biochemistry, Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Xinghua Lu
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, United States.,Department of Biomedical informatics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States
| | - Lin Zhang
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, United States.,Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States
| | - Jian Yu
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States.,UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, United States
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wagner S, Herrmannová A, Hronová V, Gunišová S, Sen ND, Hannan RD, Hinnebusch AG, Shirokikh NE, Preiss T, Valášek LS. Selective Translation Complex Profiling Reveals Staged Initiation and Co-translational Assembly of Initiation Factor Complexes. Mol Cell 2020; 79:546-560.e7. [PMID: 32589964 PMCID: PMC7447980 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2020.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Translational control targeting the initiation phase is central to the regulation of gene expression. Understanding all of its aspects requires substantial technological advancements. Here we modified yeast translation complex profile sequencing (TCP-seq), related to ribosome profiling, and adapted it for mammalian cells. Human TCP-seq, capable of capturing footprints of 40S subunits (40Ss) in addition to 80S ribosomes (80Ss), revealed that mammalian and yeast 40Ss distribute similarly across 5'TRs, indicating considerable evolutionary conservation. We further developed yeast and human selective TCP-seq (Sel-TCP-seq), enabling selection of 40Ss and 80Ss associated with immuno-targeted factors. Sel-TCP-seq demonstrated that eIF2 and eIF3 travel along 5' UTRs with scanning 40Ss to successively dissociate upon AUG recognition; notably, a proportion of eIF3 lingers on during the initial elongation cycles. Highlighting Sel-TCP-seq versatility, we also identified four initiating 48S conformational intermediates, provided novel insights into ATF4 and GCN4 mRNA translational control, and demonstrated co-translational assembly of initiation factor complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susan Wagner
- EMBL-Australia Collaborating Group, Department of Genome Sciences, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; Laboratory of Regulation of Gene Expression, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Anna Herrmannová
- Laboratory of Regulation of Gene Expression, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vladislava Hronová
- Laboratory of Regulation of Gene Expression, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Stanislava Gunišová
- Laboratory of Regulation of Gene Expression, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Neelam D Sen
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Development, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ross D Hannan
- Australian Cancer Research Foundation Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Alan G Hinnebusch
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Development, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Nikolay E Shirokikh
- EMBL-Australia Collaborating Group, Department of Genome Sciences, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Thomas Preiss
- EMBL-Australia Collaborating Group, Department of Genome Sciences, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia.
| | - Leoš Shivaya Valášek
- Laboratory of Regulation of Gene Expression, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins are important regulators of RNA metabolism and are of critical importance in all steps of the gene expression cascade. The role of aberrantly expressed RBPs in human disease is an exciting research field and the potential application of RBPs as a therapeutic target or a diagnostic marker represents a fast-growing area of research.Aberrant overexpression of the human RNA-binding protein La has been found in various cancer entities including lung, cervical, head and neck, and chronic myelogenous leukaemia. Cancer-associated La protein supports tumour-promoting processes such as proliferation, mobility, invasiveness and tumour growth. Moreover, the La protein maintains the survival of cancer cells by supporting an anti-apoptotic state that may cause resistance to chemotherapeutic therapy.The human La protein represents a multifunctional post-translationally modified RNA-binding protein with RNA chaperone activity that promotes processing of non-coding precursor RNAs but also stimulates the translation of selective messenger RNAs encoding tumour-promoting and anti-apoptotic factors. In our model, La facilitates the expression of those factors and helps cancer cells to cope with cellular stress. In contrast to oncogenes, able to initiate tumorigenesis, we postulate that the aberrantly elevated expression of the human La protein contributes to the non-oncogenic addiction of cancer cells. In this review, we summarize the current understanding about the implications of the RNA-binding protein La in cancer progression and therapeutic resistance. The concept of exploiting the RBP La as a cancer drug target will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gunhild Sommer
- Department for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Tilman Heise
- Department for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Jewer M, Lee L, Leibovitch M, Zhang G, Liu J, Findlay SD, Vincent KM, Tandoc K, Dieters-Castator D, Quail DF, Dutta I, Coatham M, Xu Z, Puri A, Guan BJ, Hatzoglou M, Brumwell A, Uniacke J, Patsis C, Koromilas A, Schueler J, Siegers GM, Topisirovic I, Postovit LM. Translational control of breast cancer plasticity. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2498. [PMID: 32427827 PMCID: PMC7237473 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16352-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasticity of neoplasia, whereby cancer cells attain stem-cell-like properties, is required for disease progression and represents a major therapeutic challenge. We report that in breast cancer cells NANOG, SNAIL and NODAL transcripts manifest multiple isoforms characterized by different 5' Untranslated Regions (5'UTRs), whereby translation of a subset of these isoforms is stimulated under hypoxia. The accumulation of the corresponding proteins induces plasticity and "fate-switching" toward stem cell-like phenotypes. Mechanistically, we observe that mTOR inhibitors and chemotherapeutics induce translational activation of a subset of NANOG, SNAIL and NODAL mRNA isoforms akin to hypoxia, engendering stem-cell-like phenotypes. These effects are overcome with drugs that antagonize translational reprogramming caused by eIF2α phosphorylation (e.g. ISRIB), suggesting that the Integrated Stress Response drives breast cancer plasticity. Collectively, our findings reveal a mechanism of induction of plasticity of breast cancer cells and provide a molecular basis for therapeutic strategies aimed at overcoming drug resistance and abrogating metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Jewer
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Laura Lee
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Matthew Leibovitch
- Lady Davis Institute, Departments of Oncology and Biochemistry, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Guihua Zhang
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jiahui Liu
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Scott D Findlay
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Krista M Vincent
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Kristofferson Tandoc
- Lady Davis Institute, Departments of Oncology and Biochemistry, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Dylan Dieters-Castator
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Daniela F Quail
- Goodman Cancer Center, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Indrani Dutta
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - Zhihua Xu
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Aakshi Puri
- Lady Davis Institute, Departments of Oncology and Biochemistry, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Bo-Jhih Guan
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Maria Hatzoglou
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Andrea Brumwell
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - James Uniacke
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Christos Patsis
- Lady Davis Institute, Departments of Oncology and Biochemistry, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Antonis Koromilas
- Lady Davis Institute, Departments of Oncology and Biochemistry, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Julia Schueler
- Charles River Discovery Research Services Germany, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Ivan Topisirovic
- Lady Davis Institute, Departments of Oncology and Biochemistry, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Lynne-Marie Postovit
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Morral C, Stanisavljevic J, Hernando-Momblona X, Mereu E, Álvarez-Varela A, Cortina C, Stork D, Slebe F, Turon G, Whissell G, Sevillano M, Merlos-Suárez A, Casanova-Martí À, Moutinho C, Lowe SW, Dow LE, Villanueva A, Sancho E, Heyn H, Batlle E. Zonation of Ribosomal DNA Transcription Defines a Stem Cell Hierarchy in Colorectal Cancer. Cell Stem Cell 2020; 26:845-861.e12. [PMID: 32396863 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2020.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancers (CRCs) are composed of an amalgam of cells with distinct genotypes and phenotypes. Here, we reveal a previously unappreciated heterogeneity in the biosynthetic capacities of CRC cells. We discover that the majority of ribosomal DNA transcription and protein synthesis in CRCs occurs in a limited subset of tumor cells that localize in defined niches. The rest of the tumor cells undergo an irreversible loss of their biosynthetic capacities as a consequence of differentiation. Cancer cells within the biosynthetic domains are characterized by elevated levels of the RNA polymerase I subunit A (POLR1A). Genetic ablation of POLR1A-high cell population imposes an irreversible growth arrest on CRCs. We show that elevated biosynthesis defines stemness in both LGR5+ and LGR5- tumor cells. Therefore, a common architecture in CRCs is a simple cell hierarchy based on the differential capacity to transcribe ribosomal DNA and synthesize proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clara Morral
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri i Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jelena Stanisavljevic
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri i Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Hernando-Momblona
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri i Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisabetta Mereu
- CNAG-Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), BIST, Baldiri i Reixac 4, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adrián Álvarez-Varela
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri i Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carme Cortina
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri i Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diana Stork
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri i Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Felipe Slebe
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri i Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Turon
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri i Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gavin Whissell
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri i Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Sevillano
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri i Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Merlos-Suárez
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri i Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Àngela Casanova-Martí
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri i Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Catia Moutinho
- CNAG-Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), BIST, Baldiri i Reixac 4, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Scott W Lowe
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Lukas E Dow
- Department of Medicine, Weill-Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Alberto Villanueva
- Group of Chemoresistance and Predictive Factors, Subprogram Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), ICO, Oncobell Program, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Sancho
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri i Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Holger Heyn
- CNAG-Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), BIST, Baldiri i Reixac 4, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Batlle
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri i Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Pascual R, Martín J, Salvador F, Reina O, Chanes V, Millanes-Romero A, Suñer C, Fernández-Miranda G, Bartomeu A, Huang YS, Gomis RR, Méndez R. The RNA binding protein CPEB2 regulates hormone sensing in mammary gland development and luminal breast cancer. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaax3868. [PMID: 32440535 PMCID: PMC7228762 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aax3868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Organogenesis is directed by coordinated cell proliferation and differentiation programs. The hierarchical networks of transcription factors driving mammary gland development and function have been widely studied. However, the contribution of posttranscriptional gene expression reprogramming remains largely unexplored. The 3' untranslated regions of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) contain combinatorial ensembles of cis-regulatory elements that define transcript-specific regulation of protein synthesis through their cognate RNA binding proteins. We analyze the contribution of the RNA binding cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding (CPEB) protein family, which collectively regulate mRNA translation for about 30% of the genome. We find that CPEB2 is required for the integration of hormonal signaling by controlling the protein expression from a subset of ER/PR- regulated transcripts. Furthermore, CPEB2 is critical for the development of ER-positive breast tumors. This work uncovers a previously unknown gene expression regulation level in breast morphogenesis and tumorigenesis, coordinating sequential transcriptional and posttranscriptional layers of gene expression regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Pascual
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judit Martín
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando Salvador
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oscar Reina
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Veronica Chanes
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alba Millanes-Romero
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clara Suñer
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Fernández-Miranda
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Bartomeu
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yi-Shuian Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Roger R. Gomis
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raúl Méndez
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
- Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
DEKTV and YVG motifs in the Lsm domain are important for the activity of Scd6, a conserved translation repressor protein. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2020; 1863:194474. [PMID: 31926930 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2019.194474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Scd6 is a conserved RGG-motif protein which represses translation by binding eIF4G through its RGG-motif. Lsm and FDF are two other conserved domains present in the protein, however the role of both these domains is unclear. We provide evidence in this report that the Lsm domain is important for the role of Scd6 in translation. Mutant of Scd6 lacking the Lsm domain does not cause overexpression growth defect in a manner comparable to the wild type. Similar results were observed with two distinct point mutants of Scd6 wherein putative RNA-binding motifs DxEKxTV and YVG were mutated. Upon overexpression, the three mutants were defective in inducing formation of P-bodies and stress granules which are conserved sites of translation repression. Importantly localization to granules in response to glucose deprivation and sodium azide stress was defective for Lsm domain mutants indicating that the inability to localize to granules could be a reason for their defective role in translation. Deletion of scd6 impairs Lsm1 foci formation upon glucose deprivation stress which could not be rescued by complementation with Lsm-domain deletion mutant of Scd6 when compared to the full-length protein. Put together, our results highlight the role of Lsm domain and its specific motifs in Scd6 activity and provide crucial insight into its function.
Collapse
|
26
|
Zeman J, Itoh Y, Kukačka Z, Rosůlek M, Kavan D, Kouba T, Jansen ME, Mohammad MP, Novák P, Valášek LS. Binding of eIF3 in complex with eIF5 and eIF1 to the 40S ribosomal subunit is accompanied by dramatic structural changes. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 47:8282-8300. [PMID: 31291455 PMCID: PMC6735954 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
eIF3 is a large multiprotein complex serving as an essential scaffold promoting binding of other eIFs to the 40S subunit, where it coordinates their actions during translation initiation. Perhaps due to a high degree of flexibility of multiple eIF3 subunits, a high-resolution structure of free eIF3 from any organism has never been solved. Employing genetics and biochemistry, we previously built a 2D interaction map of all five yeast eIF3 subunits. Here we further improved the previously reported in vitro reconstitution protocol of yeast eIF3, which we cross-linked and trypsin-digested to determine its overall shape in 3D by advanced mass-spectrometry. The obtained cross-links support our 2D subunit interaction map and reveal that eIF3 is tightly packed with its WD40 and RRM domains exposed. This contrasts with reported cryo-EM structures depicting eIF3 as a molecular embracer of the 40S subunit. Since the binding of eIF1 and eIF5 further fortified the compact architecture of eIF3, we suggest that its initial contact with the 40S solvent-exposed side makes eIF3 to open up and wrap around the 40S head with its extended arms. In addition, we mapped the position of eIF5 to the region below the P- and E-sites of the 40S subunit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Zeman
- Laboratory of Regulation of Gene Expression, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Videnska 1083, 142 20, The Czech Republic
| | - Yuzuru Itoh
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology, CNRS UMR7104, INSERM UMR964, Illkirch, France
| | - Zdeněk Kukačka
- Laboratory of Structural Biology and Cell Signaling, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Videnska 1083, 142 20, The Czech Republic
| | - Michal Rosůlek
- Laboratory of Structural Biology and Cell Signaling, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Videnska 1083, 142 20, The Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Kavan
- Laboratory of Structural Biology and Cell Signaling, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Videnska 1083, 142 20, The Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Kouba
- Laboratory of Regulation of Gene Expression, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Videnska 1083, 142 20, The Czech Republic
| | - Myrte E Jansen
- Laboratory of Regulation of Gene Expression, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Videnska 1083, 142 20, The Czech Republic
| | - Mahabub P Mohammad
- Laboratory of Regulation of Gene Expression, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Videnska 1083, 142 20, The Czech Republic
| | - Petr Novák
- Laboratory of Structural Biology and Cell Signaling, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Videnska 1083, 142 20, The Czech Republic
| | - Leoš S Valášek
- Laboratory of Regulation of Gene Expression, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Videnska 1083, 142 20, The Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Modulating eIF6 levels unveils the role of translation in ecdysone biosynthesis during Drosophila development. Dev Biol 2019; 455:100-111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2019.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
28
|
Kim HJ. Cell Fate Control by Translation: mRNA Translation Initiation as a Therapeutic Target for Cancer Development and Stem Cell Fate Control. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9110665. [PMID: 31671902 PMCID: PMC6921038 DOI: 10.3390/biom9110665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Translation of mRNA is an important process that controls cell behavior and gene regulation because proteins are the functional molecules that determine cell types and function. Cancer develops as a result of genetic mutations, which lead to the production of abnormal proteins and the dysregulation of translation, which in turn, leads to aberrant protein synthesis. In addition, the machinery that is involved in protein synthesis plays critical roles in stem cell fate determination. In the current review, recent advances in the understanding of translational control, especially translational initiation in cancer development and stem cell fate control, are described. Therapeutic targets of mRNA translation such as eIF4E, 4EBP, and eIF2, for cancer treatment or stem cell fate regulation are reviewed. Upstream signaling pathways that regulate and affect translation initiation were introduced. It is important to regulate the expression of protein for normal cell behavior and development. mRNA translation initiation is a key step to regulate protein synthesis, therefore, identifying and targeting molecules that are critical for protein synthesis is necessary and beneficial to develop cancer therapeutics and stem cells fate regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Jung Kim
- Laboratory of Molecular Stem Cell Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Migration of Small Ribosomal Subunits on the 5' Untranslated Regions of Capped Messenger RNA. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184464. [PMID: 31510048 PMCID: PMC6769788 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Several control mechanisms of eukaryotic gene expression target the initiation step of mRNA translation. The canonical translation initiation pathway begins with cap-dependent attachment of the small ribosomal subunit (SSU) to the messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) followed by an energy-dependent, sequential ‘scanning’ of the 5′ untranslated regions (UTRs). Scanning through the 5′UTR requires the adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent RNA helicase eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 4A and its efficiency contributes to the specific rate of protein synthesis. Thus, understanding the molecular details of the scanning mechanism remains a priority task for the field. Here, we studied the effects of inhibiting ATP-dependent translation and eIF4A in cell-free translation and reconstituted initiation reactions programmed with capped mRNAs featuring different 5′UTRs. An aptamer that blocks eIF4A in an inactive state away from mRNA inhibited translation of capped mRNA with the moderately structured β-globin sequences in the 5′UTR but not that of an mRNA with a poly(A) sequence as the 5′UTR. By contrast, the nonhydrolysable ATP analogue β,γ-imidoadenosine 5′-triphosphate (AMP-PNP) inhibited translation irrespective of the 5′UTR sequence, suggesting that complexes that contain ATP-binding proteins in their ATP-bound form can obstruct and/or actively block progression of ribosome recruitment and/or scanning on mRNA. Further, using primer extension inhibition to locate SSUs on mRNA (‘toeprinting’), we identify an SSU complex which inhibits primer extension approximately eight nucleotides upstream from the usual toeprinting stop generated by SSUs positioned over the start codon. This ‘−8 nt toeprint’ was seen with mRNA 5′UTRs of different length, sequence and structure potential. Importantly, the ‘−8 nt toeprint’ was strongly stimulated by the presence of the cap on the mRNA, as well as the presence of eIFs 4F, 4A/4B and ATP, implying active scanning. We assembled cell-free translation reactions with capped mRNA featuring an extended 5′UTR and used cycloheximide to arrest elongating ribosomes at the start codon. Impeding scanning through the 5′UTR in this system with elevated magnesium and AMP-PNP (similar to the toeprinting conditions), we visualised assemblies consisting of several SSUs together with one full ribosome by electron microscopy, suggesting direct detection of scanning intermediates. Collectively, our data provide additional biochemical, molecular and physical evidence to underpin the scanning model of translation initiation in eukaryotes.
Collapse
|
30
|
McMahon M, Contreras A, Holm M, Uechi T, Forester CM, Pang X, Jackson C, Calvert ME, Chen B, Quigley DA, Luk JM, Kelley RK, Gordan JD, Gill RM, Blanchard SC, Ruggero D. A single H/ACA small nucleolar RNA mediates tumor suppression downstream of oncogenic RAS. eLife 2019; 8:48847. [PMID: 31478838 PMCID: PMC6776443 DOI: 10.7554/elife.48847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are a diverse group of non-coding RNAs that direct chemical modifications at specific residues on other RNA molecules, primarily on ribosomal RNA (rRNA). SnoRNAs are altered in several cancers; however, their role in cell homeostasis as well as in cellular transformation remains poorly explored. Here, we show that specific subsets of snoRNAs are differentially regulated during the earliest cellular response to oncogenic RASG12V expression. We describe a novel function for one H/ACA snoRNA, SNORA24, which guides two pseudouridine modifications within the small ribosomal subunit, in RAS-induced senescence in vivo. We find that in mouse models, loss of Snora24 cooperates with RASG12V to promote the development of liver cancer that closely resembles human steatohepatitic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). From a clinical perspective, we further show that human HCCs with low SNORA24 expression display increased lipid content and are associated with poor patient survival. We next asked whether ribosomes lacking SNORA24-guided pseudouridine modifications on 18S rRNA have alterations in their biophysical properties. Single-molecule Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) analyses revealed that these ribosomes exhibit perturbations in aminoacyl-transfer RNA (aa-tRNA) selection and altered pre-translocation ribosome complex dynamics. Furthermore, we find that HCC cells lacking SNORA24-guided pseudouridine modifications have increased translational miscoding and stop codon readthrough frequencies. These findings highlight a role for specific snoRNAs in safeguarding against oncogenic insult and demonstrate a functional link between H/ACA snoRNAs regulated by RAS and the biophysical properties of ribosomes in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mary McMahon
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Adrian Contreras
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Mikael Holm
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Tamayo Uechi
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Craig M Forester
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States.,Division of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology & Bone Marrow Transplantation, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Xiaming Pang
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Cody Jackson
- Gladstone Histology and Light Microscopy Core, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, United States
| | - Meredith E Calvert
- Gladstone Histology and Light Microscopy Core, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, United States
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, United States.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, United States
| | - David A Quigley
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - John M Luk
- Arbele Corporation, Seattle, United States
| | - R Kate Kelley
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - John D Gordan
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Ryan M Gill
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Scott C Blanchard
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Davide Ruggero
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Nieto PS, Condat CA. Translational thresholds in a core circadian clock model. Phys Rev E 2019; 100:022409. [PMID: 31574627 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.100.022409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Organisms have evolved in a daily cyclic environment, developing circadian cell-autonomous clocks that temporally organize a wide range of biological processes. Translation is a highly regulated process mainly associated with the activity of microRNAs (miRNAs) at the translation initiation step that impacts on the molecular circadian clock dynamics. Recently, a molecular titration mechanism was proposed to explain the interactions between some miRNAs and their target mRNAs; new evidence also indicates that regulation by miRNA is a nonlinear process such that there is a threshold level of target mRNA below which protein production is drastically repressed. These observations led us to use a theoretical model of the circadian molecular clock to study the effect of miRNA-mediated translational thresholds on the molecular clock dynamics. We model the translational threshold by introducing a phenomenological Hill equation for the kinetics of PER translation and show how the parameters associated with translation kinetics affect the period, amplitude, and time delays between clock mRNA and clock protein expression. We show that our results are useful for analyzing experiments related to the translational regulation of negative elements of transcriptional-translational feedback loops. We also provide new elements for thinking about the translational threshold as a mechanism that favors the emergence of circadian rhythmicity, the tuning of the period-delay relationship and the cell capacity to control the protein oscillation amplitude with almost negligible changes in the mRNA amplitudes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula S Nieto
- Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola (IFEG)-CONICET and Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía, Física y Computación, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, CP:X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - C A Condat
- Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola (IFEG)-CONICET and Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía, Física y Computación, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, CP:X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Hong D, Park T, Jeong S. Nuclear UPF1 Is Associated with Chromatin for Transcription-Coupled RNA Surveillance. Mol Cells 2019; 42:523-529. [PMID: 31234619 PMCID: PMC6681869 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2019.0116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
mRNA quality is controlled by multiple RNA surveillance machineries to reduce errors during gene expression processes in eukaryotic cells. Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) is a well-characterized mechanism that degrades error-containing transcripts during translation. The ATP-dependent RNA helicase up-frameshift 1 (UPF1) is a key player in NMD that is mostly prevalent in the cytoplasm. However, recent studies on UPF1-RNA interaction suggest more comprehensive roles of UPF1 on diverse forms of target transcripts. Here we used subcellular fractionation and immunofluorescence to understand such complex functions of UPF1. We demonstrated that UPF1 can be localized to the nucleus and predominantly associated with the chromatin. Moreover, we showed that UPF1 associates more strongly with the chromatin when the transcription elongation and translation inhibitors were used. These findings suggest a novel role of UPF1 in transcription elongation-coupled RNA machinery in the chromatin, as well as in translation-coupled NMD in the cytoplasm. Thus, we propose that cytoplasmic UPF1-centric RNA surveillance mechanism could be extended further up to the chromatin-associated UPF1 and cotranscriptional RNA surveillance. Our findings could provide the mechanistic insights on extensive regulatory roles of UPF1 for many cellular RNAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dawon Hong
- Graduate Department of Bioconvergence Science and Technology, Dankook University, Yongin 16892,
Korea
| | - Taeyoung Park
- Graduate Department of Bioconvergence Science and Technology, Dankook University, Yongin 16892,
Korea
| | - Sunjoo Jeong
- Graduate Department of Bioconvergence Science and Technology, Dankook University, Yongin 16892,
Korea
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Robichaud N, Sonenberg N, Ruggero D, Schneider RJ. Translational Control in Cancer. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2019; 11:cshperspect.a032896. [PMID: 29959193 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a032896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The translation of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) into proteins is a key event in the regulation of gene expression. This is especially true in the cancer setting, as many oncogenes and transforming events are regulated at this level. Cancer-promoting factors that are translationally regulated include cyclins, antiapoptotic factors, proangiogenic factors, regulators of cell metabolism, prometastatic factors, immune modulators, and proteins involved in DNA repair. This review discusses the diverse means by which cancer cells deregulate and reprogram translation, and the resulting oncogenic impacts, providing insights into the complexity of translational control in cancer and its targeting for cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel Robichaud
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre and Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Nahum Sonenberg
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre and Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Davide Ruggero
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Departments of Urology and of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158
| | - Robert J Schneider
- NYU School of Medicine, Alexandria Center for Life Science, New York, New York 10016
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Malik N, Yan H, Moshkovich N, Palangat M, Yang H, Sanchez V, Cai Z, Peat TJ, Jiang S, Liu C, Lee M, Mock BA, Yuspa SH, Larson D, Wakefield LM, Huang J. The transcription factor CBFB suppresses breast cancer through orchestrating translation and transcription. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2071. [PMID: 31061501 PMCID: PMC6502810 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10102-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Translation and transcription are frequently dysregulated in cancer. These two processes are generally regulated by distinct sets of factors. The CBFB gene, which encodes a transcription factor, has recently emerged as a highly mutated driver in a variety of human cancers including breast cancer. Here we report a noncanonical role of CBFB in translation regulation. RNA immunoprecipitation followed by deep sequencing (RIP-seq) reveals that cytoplasmic CBFB binds to hundreds of transcripts and regulates their translation. CBFB binds to mRNAs via hnRNPK and enhances translation through eIF4B, a general translation initiation factor. Interestingly, the RUNX1 mRNA, which encodes the transcriptional partner of CBFB, is bound and translationally regulated by CBFB. Furthermore, nuclear CBFB/RUNX1 complex transcriptionally represses the oncogenic NOTCH signaling pathway in breast cancer. Thus, our data reveal an unexpected function of CBFB in translation regulation and propose that breast cancer cells evade translation and transcription surveillance simultaneously through downregulating CBFB. CBFB is highly mutated in breast cancers and is known to interact with RUNX proteins to regulate transcription. Here, the authors describe a non-canonical role of CBFB in translation regulation in which it binds to mRNAs through hnRNPK, facilitating translation by eIF4B.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Navdeep Malik
- Cancer and Stem Cell Epigenetics Section, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Hualong Yan
- Cancer and Stem Cell Epigenetics Section, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Nellie Moshkovich
- Cancer Biology of TGF-beta Section, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Murali Palangat
- Laboratory of Receptor Biology & Gene Expression, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Howard Yang
- High-Dimension Data Analysis Group, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Vanesa Sanchez
- In Vitro Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Zhuo Cai
- Cancer and Stem Cell Epigenetics Section, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Tyler J Peat
- Cancer Genetics Section, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Shunlin Jiang
- Cancer and Stem Cell Epigenetics Section, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Chengyu Liu
- Transgenic Core, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Maxwell Lee
- High-Dimension Data Analysis Group, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Beverly A Mock
- Cancer Genetics Section, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Stuart H Yuspa
- In Vitro Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Daniel Larson
- Laboratory of Receptor Biology & Gene Expression, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Lalage M Wakefield
- Cancer Biology of TGF-beta Section, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Jing Huang
- Cancer and Stem Cell Epigenetics Section, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Howard CM, Bearss N, Subramaniyan B, Tilley A, Sridharan S, Villa N, Fraser CS, Raman D. The CXCR4-LASP1-eIF4F Axis Promotes Translation of Oncogenic Proteins in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Front Oncol 2019; 9:284. [PMID: 31106142 PMCID: PMC6499106 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains clinically challenging as effective targeted therapies are lacking. In addition, patient mortality mainly results from the metastasized lesions. CXCR4 has been identified to be one of the major chemokine receptors involved in breast cancer metastasis. Previously, our lab had identified LIM and SH3 Protein 1 (LASP1) to be a key mediator in CXCR4-driven invasion. To further investigate the role of LASP1 in this process, a proteomic screen was employed and identified a novel protein-protein interaction between LASP1 and components of eukaryotic initiation 4F complex (eIF4F). We hypothesized that activation of the CXCR4-LASP1-eIF4F axis may contribute to the preferential translation of oncogenic mRNAs leading to breast cancer progression and metastasis. To test this hypothesis, we first confirmed that the gene expression of CXCR4, LASP1, and eIF4A are upregulated in invasive breast cancer. Moreover, we demonstrate that LASP1 associated with eIF4A in a CXCL12-dependent manner via a proximity ligation assay. We then confirmed this finding, and the association of LASP1 with eIF4B via co-immunoprecipitation assays. Furthermore, we show that LASP1 can interact with eIF4A and eIF4B through a GST-pulldown approach. Activation of CXCR4 signaling increased the translation of oncoproteins downstream of eIF4A. Interestingly, genetic silencing of LASP1 interrupted the ability of eIF4A to translate oncogenic mRNAs into oncoproteins. This impaired ability of eIF4A was confirmed by a previously established 5′UTR luciferase reporter assay. Finally, lack of LASP1 sensitizes 231S cells to pharmacological inhibition of eIF4A by Rocaglamide A as evident through BIRC5 expression. Overall, our work identified the CXCR4-LASP1 axis to be a novel mediator in oncogenic protein translation. Thus, our axis of study represents a potential target for future TNBC therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cory M Howard
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Nicole Bearss
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Boopathi Subramaniyan
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Augustus Tilley
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Sangita Sridharan
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Nancy Villa
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Christopher S Fraser
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Dayanidhi Raman
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH, United States
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Heberle AM, Razquin Navas P, Langelaar-Makkinje M, Kasack K, Sadik A, Faessler E, Hahn U, Marx-Stoelting P, Opitz CA, Sers C, Heiland I, Schäuble S, Thedieck K. The PI3K and MAPK/p38 pathways control stress granule assembly in a hierarchical manner. Life Sci Alliance 2019; 2:2/2/e201800257. [PMID: 30923191 PMCID: PMC6441495 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.201800257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
PI3K and p38 act in a hierarchical manner to enhance mTORC1 activity and stress granule formation; although PI3K is the main driver, the impact of p38 gets apparent as PI3K activity declines. All cells and organisms exhibit stress-coping mechanisms to ensure survival. Cytoplasmic protein-RNA assemblies termed stress granules are increasingly recognized to promote cellular survival under stress. Thus, they might represent tumor vulnerabilities that are currently poorly explored. The translation-inhibitory eIF2α kinases are established as main drivers of stress granule assembly. Using a systems approach, we identify the translation enhancers PI3K and MAPK/p38 as pro-stress-granule-kinases. They act through the metabolic master regulator mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) to promote stress granule assembly. When highly active, PI3K is the main driver of stress granules; however, the impact of p38 becomes apparent as PI3K activity declines. PI3K and p38 thus act in a hierarchical manner to drive mTORC1 activity and stress granule assembly. Of note, this signaling hierarchy is also present in human breast cancer tissue. Importantly, only the recognition of the PI3K-p38 hierarchy under stress enabled the discovery of p38’s role in stress granule formation. In summary, we assign a new pro-survival function to the key oncogenic kinases PI3K and p38, as they hierarchically promote stress granule formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Martin Heberle
- Laboratory of Pediatrics, Section Systems Medicine of Metabolism and Signaling, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Patricia Razquin Navas
- Laboratory of Pediatrics, Section Systems Medicine of Metabolism and Signaling, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department for Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Miriam Langelaar-Makkinje
- Laboratory of Pediatrics, Section Systems Medicine of Metabolism and Signaling, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Katharina Kasack
- Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Berlin, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ahmed Sadik
- Brain Cancer Metabolism Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Bioscience, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Erik Faessler
- Jena University Language and Information Engineering Lab, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Udo Hahn
- Jena University Language and Information Engineering Lab, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Philip Marx-Stoelting
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Strategies for Toxicological Assessment, Experimental Toxicology and ZEBET, German Centre for the Protection of Laboratory Animals (Bf3R), Berlin, Germany
| | - Christiane A Opitz
- Brain Cancer Metabolism Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christine Sers
- Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Berlin, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ines Heiland
- Faculty of Bioscience, Fisheries and Economics, Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Sascha Schäuble
- Jena University Language and Information Engineering Lab, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany .,Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Kathrin Thedieck
- Laboratory of Pediatrics, Section Systems Medicine of Metabolism and Signaling, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands .,Department for Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.,Institute of Biochemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Lucchesi CA, Zhang J, Ma B, Chen M, Chen X. Disruption of the Rbm38-eIF4E Complex with a Synthetic Peptide Pep8 Increases p53 Expression. Cancer Res 2019; 79:807-818. [PMID: 30591552 PMCID: PMC6377842 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-2209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Rbm38 is a p53 target and an RNA-binding protein known to suppress p53 translation by preventing eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) from binding to p53 mRNA. In this study, we show that synthetic peptides corresponding to the binding interface between Rbm38 and eIF4E, including an 8 amino acid peptide (Pep8) derived from Rbm38, are effective in relieving Rbm38-mediated repression of p53. Molecular simulations showed that Ser-6 in Pep8 forms a hydrogen bond with Asp-202 in eIF4E. Substitution of Ser-6 with Lys, but not with Asp, enhanced the ability of Pep8 to inhibit the Rbm38-eIF4E complex. Importantly, Pep8 alone or together with a low dose of doxorubicin potently induced p53 expression and suppressed colony and tumor sphere formation and xenograft tumors in Rbm38- and p53-dependent manners. Together, we conclude that modulating the Rbm38-eIF4E complex may be explored as a therapeutic strategy for cancers that carry wild-type p53. SIGNIFICANCE: Disruption of the Rbm38-eIF4E complex via synthetic peptides induces wild-type p53 expression, suppresses tumor growth and progression, and may serve as a novel cancer therapeutic strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A Lucchesi
- Comparative Oncology Laboratory, Schools of Veterinary Medicine and Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California
| | - Jin Zhang
- Comparative Oncology Laboratory, Schools of Veterinary Medicine and Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California
| | - Buyong Ma
- Basic Science Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Mingyi Chen
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Xinbin Chen
- Comparative Oncology Laboratory, Schools of Veterinary Medicine and Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
High-Throughput Screening Identified Compounds Sensitizing Tumor Cells to Glucose Starvation in Culture and VEGF Inhibitors In Vivo. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11020156. [PMID: 30704052 PMCID: PMC6406438 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11020156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells utilize glucose to fuel their anabolic needs, including rapid proliferation. However, due to defective vasculature and increased glucose uptake, tumor cells must overcome glucose deprivation. Accordingly, tumor cells depend on cellular pathways promoting survival under such conditions. Targeting these survival mechanisms can thus serve as a new therapeutic strategy in oncology. As such, we sought to identify small-molecule inhibitors which sensitize tumor cells to glucose starvation by high-throughput drug screening in vitro. Specifically, we searched for inhibitors that selectively killed tumor cells growing in glucose-free but not in normal medium. This phenotypic drug screen of 7000 agents with MCF7 cells led to the identification of 67 potential candidates, 31 of which were validated individually. Among the identified compounds, we found a high number of compounds known to target mitochondria. The efficacies of two of the identified compounds, QNZ (EVP4593) and papaverine, were validated in four different tumor cell lines. We found that these agents inhibited the mTOR(Mechamistic\Mammilian Target of Rapamycin) pathway in tumor cells growing under glucose starvation, but not under normal conditions. The results were validated and confirmed in vivo, with QNZ and papaverine exhibiting superior antitumor activity in a tumor xenograft model when combined with the VEGF inhibitor bevacizumab (avastin). Administering these drug combinations (i.e., avastin and papaverine, and avastin and QNZ) led to significant reductions in proliferation and mTOR activity of the aggressive DLD1 colon cell line in mice. Given our findings, we propose that compounds targeting metabolically challenged tumors, such as inhibitors of mitochondrial activity, be considered as a therapeutic strategy in cancer.
Collapse
|
39
|
Grafanaki K, Anastasakis D, Kyriakopoulos G, Skeparnias I, Georgiou S, Stathopoulos C. Translation regulation in skin cancer from a tRNA point of view. Epigenomics 2018; 11:215-245. [PMID: 30565492 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2018-0176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein synthesis is a central and dynamic process, frequently deregulated in cancer through aberrant activation or expression of translation initiation factors and tRNAs. The discovery of tRNA-derived fragments, a new class of abundant and, in some cases stress-induced, small Noncoding RNAs has perplexed the epigenomics landscape and highlights the emerging regulatory role of tRNAs in translation and beyond. Skin is the biggest organ in human body, which maintains homeostasis of its multilayers through regulatory networks that induce translational reprogramming, and modulate tRNA transcription, modification and fragmentation, in response to various stress signals, like UV irradiation. In this review, we summarize recent knowledge on the role of translation regulation and tRNA biology in the alarming prevalence of skin cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Grafanaki
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece.,Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Anastasakis
- National Institute of Musculoskeletal & Arthritis & Skin, NIH, 50 South Drive, Room 1152, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - George Kyriakopoulos
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Ilias Skeparnias
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Sophia Georgiou
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
By reducing global mRNA translation in several ways, 2-deoxyglucose lowers MCL-1 protein and sensitizes hemopoietic tumor cells to BH3 mimetic ABT737. Cell Death Differ 2018; 26:1766-1781. [PMID: 30538285 PMCID: PMC6748140 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-018-0244-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Drugs targeting various pro-survival BCL-2 family members (‘‘BH3 mimetics’’) have efficacy in hemopoietic malignancies, but the non-targeted pro-survival family members can promote resistance. Pertinently, the sensitivity of some tumor cell lines to BH3 mimetic ABT737, which targets BCL-2, BCL-XL, and BCL-W but not MCL-1, is enhanced by 2-deoxyglucose (2DG). We found that 2DG augmented apoptosis induced by ABT737 in 3 of 8 human hemopoietic tumor cell lines, most strongly in pre-B acute lymphocytic leukemia cell line NALM-6, the focus of our mechanistic studies. Although 2DG can lower MCL-1 translation, how it does so is incompletely understood, in part because 2DG inhibits both glycolysis and protein glycosylation in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Its glycolysis inhibition lowered ATP and, through the AMPK/mTORC1 pathway, markedly reduced global protein synthesis, as did an ER integrated stress response. A dual reporter assay revealed that 2DG impeded not only cap-dependent translation but also elongation or cap-independent translation. MCL-1 protein fell markedly, whereas 12 other BCL-2 family members were unaffected. We ascribe the MCL-1 drop to the global fall in translation, exacerbated for mRNAs with a structured 5′ untranslated region (5′UTR) containing potential regulatory motifs like those in MCL-1 mRNA and the short half-life of MCL-1 protein. Pertinently, 2DG downregulated two other short-lived oncoproteins, MYC and MDM2. Thus, our results support MCL-1 as a critical 2DG target, but also reveal multiple effects on global translation that may well also affect its promotion of apoptosis.
Collapse
|
41
|
Sriram A, Bohlen J, Teleman AA. Translation acrobatics: how cancer cells exploit alternate modes of translational initiation. EMBO Rep 2018; 19:embr.201845947. [PMID: 30224410 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201845947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent work has brought to light many different mechanisms of translation initiation that function in cells in parallel to canonical cap-dependent initiation. This has important implications for cancer. Canonical cap-dependent translation initiation is inhibited by many stresses such as hypoxia, nutrient limitation, proteotoxic stress, or genotoxic stress. Since cancer cells are often exposed to these stresses, they rely on alternate modes of translation initiation for protein synthesis and cell growth. Cancer mutations are now being identified in components of the translation machinery and in cis-regulatory elements of mRNAs, which both control translation of cancer-relevant genes. In this review, we provide an overview on the various modes of non-canonical translation initiation, such as leaky scanning, translation re-initiation, ribosome shunting, IRES-dependent translation, and m6A-dependent translation, and then discuss the influence of stress on these different modes of translation. Finally, we present examples of how these modes of translation are dysregulated in cancer cells, allowing them to grow, to proliferate, and to survive, thereby highlighting the importance of translational control in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashwin Sriram
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jonathan Bohlen
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aurelio A Teleman
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany .,Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
The Protein Expression of PDL1 Is Highly Correlated with Those of eIF2 α and ATF4 in Lung Cancer. DISEASE MARKERS 2018; 2018:5068701. [PMID: 30305853 PMCID: PMC6165588 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5068701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The expression of programmed death 1 (PD1) and programmed death ligand 1 (PDL1) can be induced by the interferon (IFN)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway. The PD1/PDL1 reverse signaling can activate the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2α)/activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) pathway which in turn regulates the expression of IFN regulatory factor (IRF) 7 and IFNα. The eIF2α/ATF4 pathway is responsible for the integrated stress response (ISR) of unfolded protein response (UPR) which can affect immune cell function in tumor microenvironment. Materials and Methods The protein levels of PDL1, IRF1, IRF7, STAT1, STAT2, IFNAR1, eIF2α, and ATF4 in the normal and tumor tissues of 27 subjects with lung cancer were determined by Western blot. Results The protein level of PDL1 was significantly correlated with those of IRF1, eIF2α, and ATF4 in the tissues of all subjects and the subgroup of squamous cell carcinoma but not in the normal tissue of adenocarcinoma. The protein levels of IRF1, eIF2α, and ATF4 were consistently correlated in the tumor tissues but to various extents in the normal ones. The protein level of PDL1 was not correlated with those of STAT1 and STAT2 in all the tissues. Conclusion The PDL1 expression in lung cancer may be independent of STAT1 and STAT2. The PD1/PDL1 axis and UPR/ISR may be closely associated in the tumor tissues of lung cancer.
Collapse
|
43
|
Chen HH, Yu HI, Yang MH, Tarn WY. DDX3 Activates CBC-eIF3-Mediated Translation of uORF-Containing Oncogenic mRNAs to Promote Metastasis in HNSCC. Cancer Res 2018; 78:4512-4523. [PMID: 29921696 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-0282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mutated or dysregulated DDX3 participates in the progression and metastasis of cancer via its multiple roles in regulating gene expression and cellular signaling. Here, we show that the high expression levels of DDX3 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) correlate with lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis and demonstrate that DDX3 is essential for the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells. Microarray analyses revealed that DDX3 is required for the expression of a set of pro-metastatic genes, including ATF4-modulated genes in an aggressive OSCC cell line. DDX3 activated translation of ATF4 and a set of its downstream targets, all of which contain upstream open reading frames (uORF). DDX3 promoted translation of these targets, likely by skipping the inhibitory uORF. DDX3 specifically enhanced the association of the cap-binding complex (CBC) with uORF-containing mRNAs and facilitated recruitment of the eukaryotic initiation factor 3 (eIF3). CBC and certain eIF3 subunits contributed to the expression of metastatic-related gene expression. Taken together, our results indicate a role for the novel DDX3-CBC-eIF3 translational complex in promoting metastasis.Significance: The discovery of DDX3-mediated expression of oncogenic uORF-containing genes expands knowledge on translational control mechanisms and provides potential targets for cancer therapy.Graphical Abstract: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/78/16/4512/F1.large.jpg Cancer Res; 78(16); 4512-23. ©2018 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Hsi Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-I Yu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Muh-Hwa Yang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Woan-Yuh Tarn
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Kasteri J, Das D, Zhong X, Persaud L, Francis A, Muharam H, Sauane M. Translation Control by p53. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10050133. [PMID: 29734756 PMCID: PMC5977106 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10050133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The translation of mRNAs plays a critical role in the regulation of gene expression and therefore, in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Unrestricted initiation of translation causes malignant transformation and plays a key role in the maintenance and progression of cancers. Translation initiation is regulated by the ternary complex and the eukaryotic initiation factor 4F (eIF4F) complex. The p53 tumor suppressor protein is the most well studied mammalian transcription factor that mediates a variety of anti-proliferative processes. Post-transcriptional mechanisms of gene expression in general and those of translation in particular play a major role in shaping the protein composition of the cell. The p53 protein regulates transcription and controls eIF4F, the ternary complex and the synthesis of ribosomal components, including the down-regulation of rRNA genes. In summary, the induction of p53 regulates protein synthesis and translational control to inhibit cell growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justina Kasteri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Herbert H. Lehman College, City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468, USA.
| | - Dibash Das
- Department of Biological Sciences, Herbert H. Lehman College, City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468, USA.
- Department of Biology, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, Room, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468, USA.
| | - Xuelin Zhong
- Department of Biological Sciences, Herbert H. Lehman College, City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468, USA.
- Department of Biology, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, Room, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468, USA.
| | - Leah Persaud
- Department of Biological Sciences, Herbert H. Lehman College, City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468, USA.
- Department of Biology, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, Room, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468, USA.
| | - Ashleigh Francis
- Department of Biological Sciences, Herbert H. Lehman College, City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468, USA.
| | - Hilal Muharam
- Department of Biological Sciences, Herbert H. Lehman College, City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468, USA.
| | - Moira Sauane
- Department of Biological Sciences, Herbert H. Lehman College, City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468, USA.
- Department of Biology, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, Room, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Nguyen HG, Conn CS, Kye Y, Xue L, Forester CM, Cowan JE, Hsieh AC, Cunningham JT, Truillet C, Tameire F, Evans MJ, Evans CP, Yang JC, Hann B, Koumenis C, Walter P, Carroll PR, Ruggero D. Development of a stress response therapy targeting aggressive prostate cancer. Sci Transl Med 2018; 10:eaar2036. [PMID: 29720449 PMCID: PMC6045425 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aar2036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Oncogenic lesions up-regulate bioenergetically demanding cellular processes, such as protein synthesis, to drive cancer cell growth and continued proliferation. However, the hijacking of these key processes by oncogenic pathways imposes onerous cell stress that must be mitigated by adaptive responses for cell survival. The mechanism by which these adaptive responses are established, their functional consequences for tumor development, and their implications for therapeutic interventions remain largely unknown. Using murine and humanized models of prostate cancer (PCa), we show that one of the three branches of the unfolded protein response is selectively activated in advanced PCa. This adaptive response activates the phosphorylation of the eukaryotic initiation factor 2-α (P-eIF2α) to reset global protein synthesis to a level that fosters aggressive tumor development and is a marker of poor patient survival upon the acquisition of multiple oncogenic lesions. Using patient-derived xenograft models and an inhibitor of P-eIF2α activity, ISRIB, our data show that targeting this adaptive brake for protein synthesis selectively triggers cytotoxicity against aggressive metastatic PCa, a disease for which presently there is no cure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao G Nguyen
- School of Medicine and Department of Urology, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Crystal S Conn
- School of Medicine and Department of Urology, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
| | - Yae Kye
- School of Medicine and Department of Urology, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Lingru Xue
- School of Medicine and Department of Urology, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Craig M Forester
- Division of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Janet E Cowan
- School of Medicine and Department of Urology, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Andrew C Hsieh
- School of Medicine and Department of Urology, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - John T Cunningham
- School of Medicine and Department of Urology, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Charles Truillet
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Feven Tameire
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael J Evans
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Christopher P Evans
- Department of Urology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Joy C Yang
- Department of Urology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Byron Hann
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Constantinos Koumenis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Peter Walter
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, UCSF, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Peter R Carroll
- School of Medicine and Department of Urology, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Davide Ruggero
- School of Medicine and Department of Urology, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Karamysheva ZN, Tikhonova EB, Grozdanov PN, Huffman JC, Baca KR, Karamyshev A, Denison RB, MacDonald CC, Zhang K, Karamyshev AL. Polysome Profiling in Leishmania, Human Cells and Mouse Testis. J Vis Exp 2018. [PMID: 29683462 DOI: 10.3791/57600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Proper protein expression at the right time and in the right amounts is the basis of normal cell function and survival in a fast-changing environment. For a long time, the gene expression studies were dominated by research on the transcriptional level. However, the steady-state levels of mRNAs do not correlate well with protein production, and the translatability of mRNAs varies greatly depending on the conditions. In some organisms, like the parasite Leishmania, the protein expression is regulated mostly at the translational level. Recent studies demonstrated that protein translation dysregulation is associated with cancer, metabolic, neurodegenerative and other human diseases. Polysome profiling is a powerful method to study protein translation regulation. It allows to measure the translational status of individual mRNAs or examine translation on a genome-wide scale. The basis of this technique is the separation of polysomes, ribosomes, their subunits and free mRNAs during centrifugation of a cytoplasmic lysate through a sucrose gradient. Here, we present a universal polysome profiling protocol used on three different models - parasite Leishmania major, cultured human cells and animal tissues. Leishmania cells freely grow in suspension and cultured human cells grow in adherent monolayer, while mouse testis represents an animal tissue sample. Thus, the technique is adapted to all of these sources. The protocol for the analysis of polysomal fractions includes detection of individual mRNA levels by RT-qPCR, proteins by Western blot and analysis of ribosomal RNAs by electrophoresis. The method can be further extended by examination of mRNAs association with the ribosome on a transcriptome level by deep RNA-seq and analysis of ribosome-associated proteins by mass spectroscopy of the fractions. The method can be easily adjusted to other biological models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena B Tikhonova
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center
| | - Petar N Grozdanov
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center
| | - James C Huffman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University; CISER (Center for the Integration of STEM Education & Research), Texas Tech University
| | - Kristen R Baca
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center; CISER (Center for the Integration of STEM Education & Research), Texas Tech University
| | - Alexander Karamyshev
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center
| | - R Brian Denison
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center
| | - Clinton C MacDonald
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University
| | - Andrey L Karamyshev
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center;
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Structure of Schlafen13 reveals a new class of tRNA/rRNA- targeting RNase engaged in translational control. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1165. [PMID: 29563550 PMCID: PMC5862951 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03544-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cleavage of transfer (t)RNA and ribosomal (r)RNA are critical and conserved steps of translational control for cells to overcome varied environmental stresses. However, enzymes that are responsible for this event have not been fully identified in high eukaryotes. Here, we report a mammalian tRNA/rRNA-targeting endoribonuclease: SLFN13, a member of the Schlafen family. Structural study reveals a unique pseudo-dimeric U-pillow-shaped architecture of the SLFN13 N'-domain that may clamp base-paired RNAs. SLFN13 is able to digest tRNAs and rRNAs in vitro, and the endonucleolytic cleavage dissevers 11 nucleotides from the 3'-terminus of tRNA at the acceptor stem. The cytoplasmically localised SLFN13 inhibits protein synthesis in 293T cells. Moreover, SLFN13 restricts HIV replication in a nucleolytic activity-dependent manner. According to these observations, we term SLFN13 RNase S13. Our study provides insights into the modulation of translational machinery in high eukaryotes, and sheds light on the functional mechanisms of the Schlafen family.
Collapse
|
48
|
Mailliot J, Martin F. Viral internal ribosomal entry sites: four classes for one goal. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2018; 9. [PMID: 29193740 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
To ensure efficient propagation, viruses need to rapidly produce viral proteins after cell entrance. Since viral genomes do not encode any components of the protein biosynthesis machinery, viral proteins must be produced by the host cell. To hi-jack the host cellular translation, viruses use a great variety of distinct strategies. Many single-stranded positive-sensed RNA viruses contain so-called internal ribosome entry sites (IRESs). IRESs are structural RNA motifs that have evolved to specific folds that recruit the host ribosomes on the viral coding sequences in order to synthesize viral proteins. In host canonical translation, recruitment of the translation machinery components is essentially guided by the 5' cap (m7 G) of mRNA. In contrast, IRESs are able to promote efficient ribosome assembly internally and in cap-independent manner. IRESs have been categorized into four classes, based on their length, nucleotide sequence, secondary and tertiary structures, as well as their mode of action. Classes I and II require the assistance of cellular auxiliary factors, the eukaryotic intiation factors (eIF), for efficient ribosome assembly. Class III IRESs require only a subset of eIFs whereas Class IV, which are the more compact, can promote translation without any eIFs. Extensive functional and structural investigations of IRESs over the past decades have allowed a better understanding of their mode of action for viral translation. Because viral translation has a pivotal role in the infectious program, IRESs are therefore attractive targets for therapeutic purposes. WIREs RNA 2018, 9:e1458. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1458 This article is categorized under: Translation > Ribosome Structure/Function Translation > Translation Mechanisms RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > RNA-Protein Complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justine Mailliot
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR7104, INSERM U964, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Franck Martin
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, "Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN" CNRS UPR9002, Université De Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Translational control in the tumor microenvironment promotes lung metastasis: Phosphorylation of eIF4E in neutrophils. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E2202-E2209. [PMID: 29463754 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1717439115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The translation of mRNAs into proteins serves as a critical regulatory event in gene expression. In the context of cancer, deregulated translation is a hallmark of transformation, promoting the proliferation, survival, and metastatic capabilities of cancer cells. The best-studied factor involved in the translational control of cancer is the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E). We and others have shown that eIF4E availability and phosphorylation promote metastasis in mouse models of breast cancer by selectively augmenting the translation of mRNAs involved in invasion and metastasis. However, the impact of translational control in cell types within the tumor microenvironment (TME) is unknown. Here, we demonstrate that regulatory events affecting translation in cells of the TME impact cancer progression. Mice bearing a mutation in the phosphorylation site of eIF4E (S209A) in cells comprising the TME are resistant to the formation of lung metastases in a syngeneic mammary tumor model. This is associated with reduced survival of prometastatic neutrophils due to decreased expression of the antiapoptotic proteins BCL2 and MCL1. Furthermore, we demonstrate that pharmacological inhibition of eIF4E phosphorylation prevents metastatic progression in vivo, supporting the development of phosphorylation inhibitors for clinical use.
Collapse
|
50
|
EIF3C-enhanced exosome secretion promotes angiogenesis and tumorigenesis of human hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 9:13193-13205. [PMID: 29568350 PMCID: PMC5862571 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeting tumor angiogenesis is a common strategy against human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, identification of molecular targets as biomarker for elevating therapeutic efficacy is critical to prolong HCC patient survival. Here, we showed that EIF3C (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit C) is upregulated during HCC tumor progression and associated with poor patient survival. Expression of EIF3C did not alter proliferation and expression of other tumor progressive genes such as HIF1A, TGFβ1 and VEGF, but reduced cell migration in HCC cells. Nevertheless, expression of EIF3C in HCC cells significantly increase secretion of extracellular exosomes confirmed by increased exosomes labelling by PKH26 fluorescent dye, vesicles in exosome size detected by electronic microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis, and expression of divergent exosome markers. The EIF3C-increased exosomes were oncogenic to potentiate tumor angiogenesis via tube formation of HUVEC cells and growth of vessels by plugs assays on nude mice. Subcutaneous inoculation of EIF3C-exosomes mixed with Huh7 HCC cells not only promoted growth of vessels but also increased expression of EIF3C in tumors. Conversely, treatment of exosome inhibitor GW4869 reversed aforementioned oncogenic assays. We identified EIF3C activated expression of S100A11 involved in EIF3C-exosome increased tube formation in angiogenesis. Simultaneous high expression of EIF3C and S100A11 in human HCC tumors for RNA level in TCGA and protein level by IHC are associated with poor survival of HCC patients. Collectively, our results demonstrated that EIF3C overexpression is a potential target of angiogenesis for treatment with exosome inhibitor or S100A11 reduction to suppress HCC angiogenesis and tumorigenesis.
Collapse
|