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Halder S, Afrose S, Shill MC, Sharmin N, Mollick PP, Shuma ML, Muhit MA, Rahman SMA. Self-micellizing solid dispersion of thymoquinone with enhanced biopharmaceutical and nephroprotective effects. Drug Deliv 2024; 31:2337423. [PMID: 38590120 PMCID: PMC11005877 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2024.2337423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study was designed to develop a self-micellizing solid dispersion (SMSD) containing Thymoquinone (TQM), a phytonutrient obtained from Nigella sativa seeds, aiming to improve its biopharmaceutical and nephroprotective functions. The apparent solubility of TQM in polymer solutions was used to choose an appropriate amphiphilic polymer that could be used to make an SMSD system. Based on the apparent solubility, Soluplus® was selected as an appropriate carrier, and mixing with TQM, SMSD-TQM with different loadings of TQM (5-15%) was made by solvent evaporation and freeze-drying techniques, respectively, and the formulations were optimized. The optimized SMSD-TQM was evaluated in terms of particle size distribution, morphology, release characteristics, pharmacokinetic behavior, and nephroprotective effects in a rat model of acute kidney injury. SMSD-TQM significantly improved the dissolution characteristics (97.8%) of TQM in water within 60 min. Oral administration of SMSD-TQM in rats exhibited a 4.9-fold higher systemic exposure than crystalline TQM. In a cisplatin-induced (6 mg/kg, i.p.) acute kidney-damaged rat model, oral SMSD-TQM (10 mg/kg) improved the nephroprotective effects of TQM based on the results of kidney biomarkers and histological abnormalities. These findings suggest that SMSD-TQM might be efficacious in enhancing the nephroprotective effect of TQM by overcoming biopharmaceutical limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimul Halder
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sanjida Afrose
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Manik Chandra Shill
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Nahid Sharmin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Madhabi Lata Shuma
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy and Public Health, Independent University Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Abdul Muhit
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - S. M. Abdur Rahman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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2
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El Sayed M, Alhalaweh A, Kovac L, Bergström CAS. Excipient effects on supersaturation, particle size dynamics, and thermodynamic activity of multidrug amorphous formulations. Int J Pharm 2024; 666:124738. [PMID: 39307444 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2024] [Revised: 09/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 10/07/2024]
Abstract
Multidrug formulations enhance patient compliance and extend the life cycle of pharmaceutical products. To overcome solubility challenges for multidrug combinations, amorphous formulations are commonly used. However, the excipients for creating amorphous formulations are often selected without an understanding of their effects on the bioavailability of the drugs. In this context, we investigated the impact of three types of excipients (polymers, surfactants and amino acids) on the supersaturation and thermodynamic activity of multidrug amorphous formulations. Additionally, we studied the particle size dynamics of the colloidal phase formed as a result of liquid-liquid phase separation. The amorphous solubility of two drugs, atazanavir and ritonavir, was determined in solutions containing predissolved excipients and the particle size dynamics of the colloidal particles was measured by dynamic light scattering. Dissolution experiments of atazanavir and ritonavir were conducted in predissolved sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), an anionic surfactant, and alanine solutions under non-sink conditions. Membrane transport of the drugs was evaluated using a MicroFLUX setup. The polymers had only minor effects on the amorphous solubility, but SDS significantly increased the solubilities of both drugs. In contrast, the other non-ionic surfactants and amino acids reduced the solubility of atazanavir but had no negative effect on ritonavir. Polymers were effective in maintaining supersaturation and preventing the coarsening of the colloidal particles. Conversely, alanine was neither able to inhibit the solution crystallization nor increase the flux of either drug. Despite the increase in the amorphous solubility of both drugs in SDS, flux was reduced. These results highlight the importance of properly selecting excipients for supersaturating amorphous formulations. The choice of excipient impacts the thermodynamic activity, the phase behaviour of the drugs and hence, the resulting absorption after oral intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mira El Sayed
- Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Biomedical Centre, P.O. Box 580, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden; Recipharm OT Chemistry AB, SE-754 50 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Amjad Alhalaweh
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Lucia Kovac
- Recipharm OT Chemistry AB, SE-754 50 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christel A S Bergström
- Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Biomedical Centre, P.O. Box 580, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.
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Aikawa S, Tanaka H, Ueda H, Maruyama M, Higaki K. Specific intermolecular interaction with sodium glycocholate generates the co-amorphous system showing higher physical stability and aqueous solubility of Y 5 receptor antagonist of neuropeptide Y, a brick dust molecule. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2024; 202:114395. [PMID: 38971200 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2024.114395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Drugs with poor water and lipid solubility are termed "brick dust." We previously successfully developed a co-amorphous system of a novel neuropeptide Y5 receptor antagonist (AntiY5R), a brick dust molecule, using sodium taurocholate (NaTC) as a co-former. However, the maximum improvement in AntiY5R dissolution by the co-amorphous system was only approximately 10 times greater than that of the crystals. Therefore, in the current study, other bile salts, including sodium cholate (NaC), sodium chenodeoxycholate (NaCC), and sodium glycocholate (NaGC), were examined as co-formers to further improve AntiY5R dissolution. NaC, NaCC, and NaGC have glass transition temperatures above 150°C. All three co-amorphous systems prepared successfully retained the amorphous form of AntiY5R for 3 months at 40°C, but the co-amorphous system with NaGC (AntiY5R-NaGC; 1:9 molar ratio) provided the highest improvement in AntiY5R dissolution, which was approximately 50 times greater than that of the crystals. Possible intermolecular interactions via the glycine moiety of NaGC more than the other bile salts would contribute to the highest dissolution enhancement with AntiY5R-NaGC. Thus, NaGC would be a promising co-former for formulating stable co-amorphous systems to enhance the dissolution behavior of brick dust molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Aikawa
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1, Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; Formulation Research Department, Formulation R&D Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 1-3, Kuise Terajima 2-chome, Amagasaki, Hyogo 660-0813, Japan.
| | - Hironori Tanaka
- Formulation Research Department, Formulation R&D Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 1-3, Kuise Terajima 2-chome, Amagasaki, Hyogo 660-0813, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ueda
- Bioanalytical, Analysis and Evaluation Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 1-1, Futabacho 3-chome, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Masato Maruyama
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1, Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Higaki
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1, Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
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Uddin A, Halder S, Deb N, Das H, Shuma ML, Hasan I, Shill MC, Haider SS. Impact of Methods of Preparation on Mechanical Properties, Dissolution Behavior, and Tableting Characteristics of Ibuprofen-Loaded Amorphous Solid Dispersions. Adv Pharmacol Pharm Sci 2024; 2024:2303942. [PMID: 38835733 PMCID: PMC11150040 DOI: 10.1155/2024/2303942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aims to improve the biopharmaceutical, mechanical, and tableting properties of a poorly soluble drug, ibuprofen (IBP), by preparing amorphous solid dispersion (ASD) followed by a sustained-release tablet formulation. A suitable polymer to develop an ASD system was chosen by utilizing the apparent solubility of IBP in various polymer solutions. ASDs containing various ratios of IBP and selected polymer were prepared by the melt fusion (MF) method. ASD containing optimized drug-polymer ratio prepared by freeze-drying (FD) method was characterized and compared physicochemically. The solubility of IBP in water increased 28-fold and 35-fold when formulated as ASD by MF and FD, respectively. Precise formulations showed amorphization of IBP and increased surface area, improving solubility. The dissolution pattern of optimized ASD-IBP in pH 6.8 phosphate buffer after 60 min in MF and FD was enhanced 3-fold. In addition, direct compression tablets comprising optimized ASD granules from MF and FD were made and assessed using compendial and noncompendial methods. ASD-IBP/MF and ASD-IBP/FD formulations showed a similar drug release profile. In addition, 12 h of sustained IBP release from the ASD-IBP-containing tablets was obtained in a phosphate buffer with a pH of 6.8. From the dissolution kinetics analysis, the Weibull model fitted well. The drug release pattern indicated minimal variations between tablets formed using ASD-IBP prepared by both procedures; however, pre- and postcompression assessment parameters differed. From these findings, the application of ASD and sustained-release polymers in matrix formation might be beneficial in improving the solubility and absorption of poorly soluble drugs such as IBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajam Uddin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Shimul Halder
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Nandita Deb
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Harinarayan Das
- Materials Science Division, Atomic Energy Centre, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Madhabi Lata Shuma
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy and Public Health, Independent University, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh
| | - Ikramul Hasan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Manik Chandra Shill
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh
| | - Syed Shabbir Haider
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
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Kim SY, Pena IDL, Weon KY, Park JB. Preparation of tofacitinib sustained-release tablets using hot melt extrusion technology. Pharm Dev Technol 2024; 29:248-257. [PMID: 38416122 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2024.2323621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to develop a tablet that shows a drug release profile similar to the tofacitinib sustained-release tablet (Xeljanz XR®; OROS™) using hot melt extrusion technology. Tofacitinib citrate was selected as the drug. HPMCAS, HPMCP, and Kollidon VA64 were used as thermoplastic polymers to prepare a hot-melt extrudate. The extrudate was obtained from a twin screw extruder and pelletizer. The granules were compressed using a single punch press machine and then coated. TGA, DSC, XRD, FT-IR, and SEM were performed on the hot melt extrudate to understand its physicochemical properties. Dissolution tests were performed using the paddle method (USP Apparatus II). The results showed that the crystallinity state of tofacitinib changed to amorphous after the hot melt extrusion process; however, no chemical change was observed. The drug release profile was similar to that of Xeljanz XR®, which has an initial lag time owing to its OROS™ formulation; a coating process was performed to obtain a similar drug release profile. The lag time was controlled by adjusting the thickness of the coating layer. Moreover, the extrudate size and compression force during tableting did not significantly affect drug release. In conclusion, the new tofacitinib sustained-release tablet prepared using hot melt extrusion showed a drug release behavior similar to that of Xeljanz XR®.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Yeop Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ike de la Pena
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Pharmacy, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Kwon Yeon Weon
- College of Pharmacy, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Bom Park
- College of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Klimša V, Mašková L, Kašpar O, Ruphuy G, Štěpánek F. Rapid screening of ternary amorphous formulations by a spray drying robot. Int J Pharm 2024; 651:123739. [PMID: 38145780 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Spray drying is commonly used for producing amorphous solid dispersions to improve drug solubility. The development of such formulations typically relies on comprehensive excipient and composition screening, which requires the preparation of many spray-dried powder samples. This is both labour-intensive and time-consuming when carried out manually. In the present work, the formulation screening task was automated by coupling a laboratory spray dryer operated in a semi-continuous mode with custom-made add-ons, allowing for rapid, computer-controlled production of formulation samples with systematically varying composition. The practical use of the spray drying robot in formulation development was demonstrated on a case study of poorly water-soluble model drugs simvastatin and ezetimibe. Six different polymers and several drug:polymer ratios were screened for the enhancement of dissolution properties. From a pool of 28 spray-dried samples, ternary compositions containing Eudragit L100-55 were identified as the most suitable ones for further processing and characterisation. The ability to populate the formulation design space rapidly and automatically made it possible to construct maps of physico-chemical properties such as glass transition temperature or dissolution rate. The spray drying robot thus enables the acceleration of early formulation development and a deeper understanding of composition-property relationships for multi-component spray dried powders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vojtěch Klimša
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; Levare s.r.o., Jičínská 226/17, 130 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Mašková
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Kašpar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Gabriela Ruphuy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; Levare s.r.o., Jičínská 226/17, 130 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - František Štěpánek
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic.
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7
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Shelke R, Velagacherla V, Nayak UY. Recent advances in dual-drug co-amorphous systems. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:103863. [PMID: 38141778 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Poor solubility of drugs and therapeutic candidates poses a significant challenge in drug research and development. Biopharmaceutical class II drugs exhibit limited absorption because of their weak solubility and high permeability. Co-amorphous systems (CAMs) have been studied widely as a way to improve the solubility of drugs. This review summarizes recent advancements in dual-drug CAMs, including improvements in formulation, manufacturing, and solid-state characterization, and highlights the importance of enhancing solubility and stability. It emphasizes the potential synergistic effects of two drugs in CAMs and explores formulation strategies and challenges related to maintaining the amorphous state. Case studies demonstrate the successful application of CAMs in combination therapies that offer improved therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rutuja Shelke
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Varalakshmi Velagacherla
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Usha Yogendra Nayak
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India.
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Wang H, Zhao P, Ma R, Jia J, Fu Q. Drug-drug co-amorphous systems: An emerging formulation strategy for poorly water-soluble drugs. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:103883. [PMID: 38219970 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2024.103883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Overcoming the poor water solubility of small-molecule drugs is a major challenge in the development of clinical pharmaceuticals. Amorphization of crystalline drugs is a highly effective strategy to improve their aqueous solubility. However, amorphous drugs are thermodynamically unstable and likely to crystallize during manufacturing and storage. Recently, drug-drug co-amorphous systems have emerged as a novel strategy to not only enable enhanced dissolution and physical stability of the individual drugs within the system but also to provide a strategy for combination therapy of the same or different clinical indications. This review serves to highlight advances in the methods used to manufacture and characterize drug-drug co-amorphous systems, summarize drug-drug co-amorphous applications reported in recent decades, and provide an outlook on future possibilities and perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongge Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Peixu Zhao
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Ruilong Ma
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jirun Jia
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
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Li J, Wang X, Yu D, Zhoujin Y, Wang K. Molecular complexes of drug combinations: A review of cocrystals, salts, coamorphous systems and amorphous solid dispersions. Int J Pharm 2023; 648:123555. [PMID: 37890646 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
As the advancements in the medical technology and healthcare develop through the years, combinational therapy has evolved to be an important treatment modality in many disease settings, including cancer, cardiovascular disease and infectious diseases. In an effort to alleviate "pill burden" and improve patient compliance, fixed dose combinations (FDCs) have been developed to be used as effective therapeutics. Among all FDCs, the category of drug-drug molecular complexes has been proven an efficient methodology in designing and treating diseases, with many drugs being approved. Among all drug-drug molecular complexes, drug-drug cocrystals, salts, coamorphous systems and solid dispersions have been successfully developed and many have been approved by the FDA. In this review, we dwell deeply into the molecular mechanisms behind the different types of drug-drug molecular complexes, including the key functional groups involved in the intermolecular interactions, the applications of each category of molecular complexes, as well as the advantages and challenges thereof. This comprehensive review provides useful insights into the practical design and manufacture of drug-drug molecular complexes and points out the future direction for the development of new advantageous combinational therapies that benefit more patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - Xiyan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Dongyue Yu
- Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Bristol Myers Squibb, Route 206 and Province Line Road, Princeton, NJ 08540, United States
| | - Yunping Zhoujin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - Kunlin Wang
- BeBetter Med Inc., Guangzhou, 510663, PR China; College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
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Kapoor DU, Singh S, Sharma P, Prajapati BG. Amorphization of Low Soluble Drug with Amino Acids to Improve Its Therapeutic Efficacy: a State-of-Art-Review. AAPS PharmSciTech 2023; 24:253. [PMID: 38062314 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-023-02709-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Low aqueous solubility of drug candidates is an ongoing challenge and pharmaceutical manufacturers pay close attention to amorphization (AMORP) technology to improve the solubility of drugs that dissolve poorly. Amorphous drug typically exhibits much higher apparent solubility than their crystalline form due to high energy state that enable them to produce a supersaturated state in the gastrointestinal tract and thereby improve bioavailability. The stability and augmented solubility in co-amorphous (COA) formulations is influenced by molecular interactions. COA are excellent carriers-based drug delivery systems for biopharmaceutical classification system (BCS) class II and class IV drugs. The three important critical quality attributes, such as co-formability, physical stability, and dissolution performance, are necessary to illustrate the COA systems. New amorphous-stabilized carriers-based fabrication techniques that improve drug loading and degree of AMORP have been the focus of emerging AMORP technology. Numerous low-molecular-weight compounds, particularly amino acids such as glutamic acid, arginine, isoleucine, leucine, valine, alanine, glycine, etc., have been employed as potential co-formers. The review focus on the prevailing drug AMORP strategies used in pharmaceutical research, including in situ AMORP, COA systems, and mesoporous particle-based methods. Moreover, brief characterization techniques and the application of the different amino acids in stabilization and solubility improvements have been related.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sudarshan Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
- Office of Research Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
| | - Pratishtha Sharma
- School of Pharmacy, Raffles University, Neemrana, Rajasthan, 301020, India
| | - Bhupendra G Prajapati
- Shree S. K. Patel College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ganpat University, Kherva, 384012, India.
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11
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Jadhav S, Bahl D, Stevens LL. Coformer-Dependent Physical Stability in a Series of Naringenin-Based Coamorphous Materials with Caffeine, Theophylline, and Theobromine. Pharm Res 2023; 40:2847-2858. [PMID: 37505378 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-023-03562-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the production and physical stability of coamorphous materials (CAM) of naringenin (NAR) and coformers-caffeine, theophylline or theobromine (CAF/THY/THE, respectively). We independently assessed the impact of moisture and temperature on the physical stability of CAMs, and transformation products after destabilization were examined. METHODS Neat grinding, liquid assisted grinding and water slurry were selected to prepare multi-component materials with NAR and CAF, THY or THE. The physical stability of CAMs was investigated at 65°C/<10%RH, 21°C/85% RH and 21°C/<10% RH. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) were employed to monitor for recrystallization during the stability studies. Glass forming ability of amorphous NAR was assessed to understand CAM formation and physical stability. RESULTS NAR:THY and NAR:THE CAMs showed physical stability for approximately nine months, under 21°C/<10% RH while NAR:CAF CAMs destabilized in 2.5 weeks. All CAMs recrystallized within a week at 65°C/<10%RH, and the physical stability at 21°C/85% RH was in the order of - NAR:THY > NAR:THE > NAR:CAF. NAR:THY produced 1:1 cocrystal under all storage conditions, while NAR:CAF destabilized to a 1:1 cocrystal at high RH but a physical mixture at high temperature. NAR:THE was found to recrystallize as a physical mixture in all conditions. NAR was found to be strong glass, with moderate kinetic fragility and good glass forming ability. CONCLUSION Five naringenin-based multi-component solids were generated in this study: 3 new CAMs, 1 new cocrystal, and 1 previously reported cocrystal. Destabilization of CAMs was found to be exposure specific and coformer dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanika Jadhav
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Dherya Bahl
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Lewis L Stevens
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
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12
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Han J, Tang M, Yang Y, Sun W, Yue Z, Zhang Y, Zhu Y, Liu X, Wang J. Amorphous solid dispersions: Stability mechanism, design strategy and key production technique of hot melt extrusion. Int J Pharm 2023; 646:123490. [PMID: 37805146 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Solid dispersion (SD) system has been used as an effective formulation strategy to increase in vitro and in vivo performances of poorly water-soluble drugs, such as solubility/dissolution, stability and bioavailability. This review provides a comprehensive SD classification and identifies the most popular amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs). Meanwhile, this review further puts forward the systematic design strategy of satisfactory ASDs in terms of drug properties, carrier selection, preparation methods and stabilization mechanisms. In addition, hot melt extrusion (HME) as the continuous manufacturing technique is described including the principle and structure of HME instrument, key process parameters and production application, in order to guide the scale-up of ASDs and develop more ASD products to the market in pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Han
- School of Pharmacy & School of Biological and Food Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, PR China; Changzhou Pharmaceutical Factory Co., LTD, Changzhou 213018, PR China; College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Mengyuan Tang
- School of Pharmacy & School of Biological and Food Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, PR China
| | - Yang Yang
- School of Pharmacy & School of Biological and Food Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, PR China
| | - Wen Sun
- School of Pharmacy & School of Biological and Food Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, PR China
| | - Zhimin Yue
- School of Pharmacy & School of Biological and Food Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, PR China
| | - Yunran Zhang
- Changzhou Pharmaceutical Factory Co., LTD, Changzhou 213018, PR China
| | - Yijun Zhu
- Changzhou Pharmaceutical Factory Co., LTD, Changzhou 213018, PR China
| | - Xiaoqian Liu
- School of Pharmacy & School of Biological and Food Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, PR China.
| | - Jue Wang
- School of Pharmacy & School of Biological and Food Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, PR China; College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China.
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13
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Suknuntha K, Khumpirapang N, Tantishaiyakul V, Okonogi S. Solubility and Physical Stability Enhancement of Loratadine by Preparation of Co-Amorphous Solid Dispersion with Chlorpheniramine and Polyvinylpyrrolidone. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2558. [PMID: 38004537 PMCID: PMC10674291 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15112558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Loratadine (LRD), a non-sedating and slow-acting antihistamine, is often given in combination with short-onset chlorpheniramine maleate (CPM) to increase efficacy. However, LRD has poor water solubility resulting in low bioavailability. The aim of this study was to improve LRD solubility by preparing co-amorphous LRD-CPM. However, the obtained co-amorphous LRD-CPM recrystallized rapidly, and the solubility of LRD returned to a poor state again. Therefore, co-amorphous LRD-CPM solid dispersions using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a carrier were prepared. The obtained solid dispersions were characterized using X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The solubility, dissolution, and mechanism of drug release from the LRD-CPM/PVP co-amorphous solid dispersions were studied and compared with those of intact LRD, LRD/PVP solid dispersions, and co-amorphous LRD-CPM mixtures. The results from XRPD and DSC confirmed the amorphous form of LRD in the co-amorphous solid dispersions. The FTIR results indicated that there was no intermolecular interaction between LRD, CPM, and PVP. In conclusion, the obtained LRD-CPM/PVP co-amorphous solid dispersions can successfully increase the water solubility and dissolution of LRD and extend the amorphous state of LRD without recrystallization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krit Suknuntha
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Centre, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand; (K.S.); (V.T.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Nattakanwadee Khumpirapang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand;
| | - Vimon Tantishaiyakul
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Centre, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand; (K.S.); (V.T.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Siriporn Okonogi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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14
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Pérez-Carreón K, Martínez LM, Videa M, Cruz-Angeles J, Gómez J, Ramírez E. Effect of Basic Amino Acids on Folic Acid Solubility. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2544. [PMID: 38004524 PMCID: PMC10675447 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15112544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
To prevent neural tube defects and other cardiovascular diseases in newborns, folic acid (FA) is recommended in pregnant women. A daily dose of 600 µg FA consumption is widely prescribed for women during pregnancy and 400 µg for women with childbearing potential. FA is a class IV compound according to the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) due to its low permeability (1.7 × 10-6 cm/s) and low solubility (1.6 mg/L); therefore, it must be administered via a formulation that enhances its solubility. Studies reported in the literature have proved that co-amorphization and salt formation of a poorly soluble drug with amino acids (AA) can significantly increase its solubility. Although arginine has been used with FA as a supplement, there is no information on the effect of basic AA (arginine and lysine) on the physical and chemical properties of FA-AA binary formulations. The present study implemented a conductimetric titration methodology to find the effective molar ratio to maximize FA solubility. The results showed that a 1:2.5 FA:AA molar ratio maximized solubility for arginine and lysine. Binary formulations were prepared using different methods, which led to an amorphous system confirmed by the presence of a glass transition, broad FTIR bands, and the absence of an X-ray diffraction pattern. Results of FA:AA (1:2.5) solubility increased in the range of 5500-6000 times compared with pure FA. In addition to solubility enhancement, the binary systems presented morphological properties that depend on the preparation method and whose consideration could be strategic for scaling purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luz María Martínez
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur. Monterrey N.L., Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Marcelo Videa
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur. Monterrey N.L., Monterrey 64849, Mexico
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15
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Suleiman Alsalhi M, Royall PG, Al-Obaidi H, Alsalhi A, Cilibrizzi A, Chan KLA. Non-salt based co-amorphous formulation produced by freeze-drying. Int J Pharm 2023; 645:123404. [PMID: 37714312 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Amino acids-based co-amorphous system (CAM) has shown to be a promising approach to overcome the dissolution challenge of biopharmaceutics classification system class II drugs. To date, most CAM formulations are based on salt formation at a 1:1 M ratio and are prepared by mechanical activation. However, its use in medicinal products is still limited due to the lack of in-depth understanding of non-ionic based molecular interactions. There are also limited studies on the effect of drug-to-co-former ratio, the development of more scalable, less aggressive, manufacturing processes such as freeze drying and its dissolution benefits. This work aims to investigate the effect of the ratio of tryptophan (a model non-ionic amino acid) to indomethacin (a model drug) on a non-salt-based CAM prepared via freeze-drying with the tert-butyl alcohol-water cosolvent system. The CAM material was systemically characterized at various stages of the freeze-drying process using DSC, UV-Vis, FT-IR, NMR, TGA and XRPD. Dissolution performance and physical stability upon storage were also investigated. Freeze-drying using the cosolvent system has been successfully shown to produce CAMs. The molecular interactions involving H-bonding, H/π and π-π between compounds have been confirmed by FT-IR and NMR. The drug release rate for formulations with a 1.5:1 drug: amino acid molar ratio (or 1:0.42 wt ratio) or below is found to be significantly improved compared to the pure crystalline drug. Furthermore, formulation with a 2.3:1 drug:amino acid molar ratio (or 1:0.25 wt ratio) or below have shown to be physically stable for at least 9 months when stored at dry condition (5% relative humidity, 25 °C) compared to the pure amorphous indomethacin. We have demonstrated the potential of freeze-drying using tert-butyl alcohol-water cosolvent system to produce an optimal non-salt-based class II drug-amino acid CAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Suleiman Alsalhi
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, SE1 9NH, UK; College of pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Paul G Royall
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Hisham Al-Obaidi
- School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy (SCFP), University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AP, UK
| | - Alyaa Alsalhi
- College of pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Schütz D, Timmerhaus A, Grohganz H. Wet granulation of co-amorphous indomethacin systems. Int J Pharm 2023; 644:123318. [PMID: 37586574 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
The feasibility of co-amorphous systems to be wet granulated together with microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was investigated. Solid state and molecular interactions were analysed for various co-amorphous drug-amino acid formulations of indomethacin with tryptophan and arginine, respectively, via XRPD, DSC and FTIR. The co-amorphous binary systems were produced by ball-milling for 90 min at different molar ratios followed by wet granulation with MCC and water in a miniaturised scale. Tryptophan containing systems showed crystalline reflections in their XRPD diffractograms and endothermal events in their DSC analyses, and were therefore excluded from upscaling attempts. The systems containing arginine were found to be remain amorphous for at least ten months and were upscaled for production in a high-shear blender under application of two different parameter settings. Under the harsher instrument settings, a composition with a low MCC ratio experienced recrystallisation during wet granulation, while all other compositions could be successfully processed via wet granulation and stayed stable for a storage period of at least twelve weeks, indicating that wet granulation of co-amorphous systems can be feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Schütz
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Annika Timmerhaus
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Holger Grohganz
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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17
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Yarlagadda DL, Anand VSK, Nair AR, Dengale SJ, Pandiyan S, Mehta CH, Manandhar S, Nayak UY, Bhat K. A computational-based approach to fabricate Ceritinib co-amorphous system using a novel co-former Rutin for bioavailability enhancement. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023; 190:220-230. [PMID: 37524214 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we used molecular simulations to design Ceritinib (CRT) co-amorphous materials (CAMs) with concurrent improvement in solubility and bioavailability. Computational modeling enabled us to select the co-former by estimating the binding energy and intermolecular interactions. Rutin (RTH) was selected as a co-former for CRT CAMs using the solvent evaporation method to anticipate simultaneous improvement of solubility and bioavailability. The solid state characterization using DSC, XRPD, FT-IR, and a significant shift in Gordon Taylor experimental Tg values of co-amorphous materials revealed single amorphous phase formation and intermolecular interactions between CRT and RTH. The co-amorphous materials exhibited physical stability for up to 4 months under dry conditions (40 °C). Further, co-amorphous materials maintained the supersaturation for 24 hrs and improved solubility as well as dissolution of CRT. CRT:RTH 1:1 CAMs improved the permeability of CRT by 2 fold, estimated by employing the everted gut sac method. The solubility advantage of CAMs was also reflected in pharmacokinetic parameters, with a 3.1-fold and 2-fold improvement of CRT:RTH 2:1 in CRT exposure (AUC 0-t) and plasma concentration (Cmax) compared to the physical mixture, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dani Lakshman Yarlagadda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India.
| | - Vullendula Sai Krishna Anand
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India.
| | - Athira R Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India.
| | - Swapnil J Dengale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India; Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Changsari 781101, India.
| | | | - Chetan H Mehta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India.
| | - Suman Manandhar
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, India.
| | - Usha Y Nayak
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India.
| | - Krishnamurthy Bhat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India.
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18
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Villeda-Villegas M, Páez-Franco JC, Coyote-Dotor G, Núñez-Pineda A, Dorazco-González A, Fuentes-Noriega I, Rubio-Carrasco K, Toledo Jaldín HP, Morales-Morales D, Germán-Acacio JM. Diversity of Solid Forms Promoted by Ball Milling: Characterization and Intrinsic Dissolution Studies of Pioglitazone Hydrochloride and Fluvastatin Sodium Drug-Drug Systems. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:781. [PMID: 37375729 DOI: 10.3390/ph16060781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Coamorphous salt in a 1:1 ratio prepared by ball milling from Fluvastatin sodium (FLV) and Pioglitazone hydrochloride (PGZ·HCl) can be selectively formed by neat grinding (NG). Furthermore, the salt-cocrystal continuum was preferably formed by employing liquid-assisted grinding (LAG) using ethanol (EtOH). Attempts to prepare the coamorphous salt starting from the salt-cocrystal continuum by NG were unsuccessful. Interestingly, through ball milling by NG or LAG, a great diversity of solid forms (PGZ·HCl-FLV 1:1) could be accessed: NG and hexane (coamorphous); ethyl acetate (physical mixture); EtOH (salt-cocrystal continuum); and water (which presents two Tg, indicating immiscibility of the components). An exploration was performed at different drug-to-drug ratios by NG. By differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), the presence of two endothermic events was observed in this screening: incongruous melting point (solidus) and excess of one of the components (liquidus), except in the 1:1 solid form. From these results, eutectic behavior was observed. Through the construction of a binary phase diagram, it was determined that the 1:1 molar ratio gives rise to the formation of the most stable coamorphous composition. Dissolution profile studies of these solid forms were carried out, specifically on pure FLV and the solid forms of PGZ⋅HCl-FLV (1:2; 1:4; and 1:6), together with the coamorphous 1:1 salt. By itself, pure FLV presented the highest Kint (13.6270 ± 0.8127 mg/cm2⋅min). On the other hand, the coamorphous 1:1 showed a very low Kint (0.0220 ± 0.0014 mg/cm2·min), indicating very fast recrystallization by the FLV, which avoids observing a sudden release of this drug in the solution. This same behavior was observed in the eutectic composition 1:2. In the other solid forms, the value of Kint increases along with the %w of FLV. From the mechanochemical point of view, ball milling by NG or LAG became an important synthetic tool since it allows obtaining a great variety of solid forms to explore the solid-state reactivity of the drug-drug solid-form PGZ HCl-FLV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Villeda-Villegas
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Coordinación de la Investigación Científica-UNAM, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición SZ, Ciudad de Mexico 14000, Mexico
| | - José C Páez-Franco
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Coordinación de la Investigación Científica-UNAM, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición SZ, Ciudad de Mexico 14000, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Coyote-Dotor
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Coordinación de la Investigación Científica-UNAM, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición SZ, Ciudad de Mexico 14000, Mexico
| | - Alejandra Núñez-Pineda
- Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Química Sustentable CCIQS UAEM-UNAM Carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco km 14.5, Toluca 50200, Mexico
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Dorazco-González
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico
| | - Inés Fuentes-Noriega
- Laboratorio de Biofarmacia, Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química-UNAM, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Kenneth Rubio-Carrasco
- Laboratorio de Biofarmacia, Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química-UNAM, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Helen P Toledo Jaldín
- Technological Superior Studies Tianguistenco, Mechanical Engineering, Santiago Tianguistenco 52650, Mexico
| | - David Morales-Morales
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico
| | - Juan Manuel Germán-Acacio
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Coordinación de la Investigación Científica-UNAM, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición SZ, Ciudad de Mexico 14000, Mexico
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19
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Lapuk SE, Mukhametzyanov TA, Schick C, Gerasimov AV. Kinetic Stability and Glass-Forming Ability of Thermally Labile Quinolone Antibiotics. Mol Pharm 2023. [PMID: 37133972 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The application of drugs in the amorphous state is one way to improve their bioavailability. As such, the determination of the optimal conditions for production and the assessment of the stability of the amorphous system are actively researched topics of present-day pharmaceutical science. In the present work, we have studied the kinetic stability and glass-forming ability of the thermally labile quinolone antibiotics using fast scanning calorimetry. The critical cooling rates for avoiding crystallization of the melts of oxolinic and pipemidic acids and sparfloxacin were determined to be 10 000, 40, and 80 K·s-1, respectively. The studied antibiotics were found to be "strong" glass formers. Based on a combination of nonisothermal and isothermal kinetic approaches, the Nakamura model was suitable for describing the crystallization process of the amorphous forms of the quinolone antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semen E Lapuk
- Department of Physical Chemistry, A. M. Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya, 18, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Timur A Mukhametzyanov
- Department of Physical Chemistry, A. M. Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya, 18, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Christoph Schick
- Institute of Physics, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein_Street 23-24, Rostock 18051, DE, Germany
| | - Alexander V Gerasimov
- Department of Physical Chemistry, A. M. Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya, 18, Kazan 420008, Russia
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20
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Trzeciak K, Wielgus E, Kaźmierski S, Pawlak T, Potrzebowski MJ. Amorphization of Ethenzamide and Ethenzamide Cocrystals-A Case Study of Single and Binary Systems Forming Low-Melting Eutectic Phases Loaded on/in Silica Gel. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041234. [PMID: 37111719 PMCID: PMC10142476 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The applicability of different solvent-free approaches leading to the amorphization of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) was tested. Ethenzamide (ET), an analgesic and anti-inflammatory drug, and two ethenzamide cocrystals with glutaric acid (GLU) and ethyl malonic acid (EMA) as coformers were used as pharmaceutical models. Calcinated and thermally untreated silica gel was applied as an amorphous reagent. Three methods were used to prepare the samples: manual physical mixing, melting, and grinding in a ball mill. The ET:GLU and ET:EMA cocrystals forming low-melting eutectic phases were selected as the best candidates for testing amorphization by thermal treatment. The progress and degree of amorphousness were determined using instrumental techniques: solid-state NMR spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, and differential scanning calorimetry. In each case, the API amorphization was complete and the process was irreversible. A comparative analysis of the dissolution profiles showed that the dissolution kinetics for each sample are significantly different. The nature and mechanism of this distinction are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Trzeciak
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Ewelina Wielgus
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Sławomir Kaźmierski
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Tomasz Pawlak
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Marek J Potrzebowski
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
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21
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Silva JC, Rosado MTS, Maria TMR, Pereira Silva PS, Silva MR, Eusébio MES. Introduction to Pharmaceutical Co-amorphous Systems Using a Green Co-milling Technique. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION 2023; 100:1627-1632. [PMID: 37067885 PMCID: PMC10100544 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jchemed.3c00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The concept of co-amorphous systems is introduced in an integrated laboratory experiment, designed for advanced chemistry students, using solvent-free, environmentally friendly mechanochemistry. The dual-drug naproxen-cimetidine co-amorphous system (NPX-CIM) is investigated as an example of the emergent field of medicinal mechanochemistry. Students are trained in solid-state characterization techniques including X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermal analysis by differential scanning calorimetry. This lab experiment also provides an opportunity to discuss the relevance of different solid forms of pharmaceutics, emphasizing particular properties of disordered materials. This experiment can easily fit the curriculum of any Chemistry or Pharmacy master level degree in courses dealing with instrumental analysis, solid state chemistry, or green chemistry, for classes of 6 to 18 students, in a 5-h lab session. Suggestions to adapt it to the use of a single characterization technique are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana
F. C. Silva
- CQC-IMS,
Dep. de Química, Universidade de
Coimbra, Rua Larga, Coimbra 3004-535, Portugal
| | - Mário T. S. Rosado
- CQC-IMS,
Dep. de Química, Universidade de
Coimbra, Rua Larga, Coimbra 3004-535, Portugal
| | - Teresa M. R. Maria
- CQC-IMS,
Dep. de Química, Universidade de
Coimbra, Rua Larga, Coimbra 3004-535, Portugal
| | | | - Manuela Ramos Silva
- CFisUC,
Dep. de Física, Universidade de Coimbra, Rua Larga, Coimbra 3000-370, Portugal
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22
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Patel D, Wairkar S. In silico and in vitro investigation of bile salts as coformers for edaravone coamorphous dispersion- Part I. Chem Phys Lipids 2023; 253:105302. [PMID: 37031754 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2023.105302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we aimed to design the spray-dried coamorphous dispersion (COAM) of a neuroprotective agent-edaravone (EDR) with bile salts to improve oral bioavailability. After the initial screening of different bile salts, EDR-sodium taurocholate (NaTC) COAM showed 4-fold solubility than a pure drug in 1-7pH range. In silico studies to select coformer for COAM revealed a narrow energy gap, easy charge transfer and high chemical reactivity between EDR and NaTC. The optimized EDR-NaTC COAM in a 1:1 molar ratio was characterized for solid state characterizations and in vitro release study. Hydrogen bond formation between the pyrazolone ring of EDR and the -OH group of the phenanthrene ring of NaTC was observed in the ATR-FTIR spectra of COAM. The DSC and XRPD data indicated the formation of an amorphous halo, whereas SEM photographs demonstrated porous, spherical particles of COAM. The pH-independent in vitro drug release of COAM was observed in 0.1N HCl, pH 4.5 and 6.8 buffers which was 3-fold higher than EDR. The COAM was stable for 6 months at accelerated condition without showing a change in drug content or devitrification (Initial: 98.002±0.942%; Accelerated condition: 97.016±1.110%). Although coamorphous form and hydrogen bonding between EDR-NaTC dispersion were primarily responsible for improved dissolution, NaTC, an exceptional surfactant, has also contributed to it. Moreover, its exclusive structural characteristics could prevent the recrystallization of the drug in supersaturated conditions of the GIT and also minimize the effect of food on oral absorption of EDR which will be studied in animals in the second part of this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhrumi Patel
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKMs NMIMS, V.L.Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai. Maharashtra - 400056, India
| | - Sarika Wairkar
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKMs NMIMS, V.L.Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai. Maharashtra - 400056, India.
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23
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Furuishi T, Sato-Hata N, Fukuzawa K, Yonemochi E. Characterization of Co-amorphous Carvedilol-Maleic Acid System Prepared by Solvent Evaporation. Pharm Dev Technol 2023; 28:309-317. [PMID: 36946594 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2023.2194406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to enhance the solubility and stability of the water-insoluble drug carvedilol (CAR) with maleic acid (MLE) to create a co-amorphous system by a solvent evaporation method. Phase diagrams of co-amorphous CAR-MLE, constructed from peak height in the Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra and the glass transition temperature (Tg) from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements, revealed that the optimal molar ratio of CAR to MLE was 2:1. The FTIR spectra indicated that the secondary amine-derived peak of CAR and the carboxy group-derived peak of MLE disappeared in the CAR:MLE (2:1) co-amorphous system. DSC measurements showed that the endothermic peaks associated with the melting of CAR and MLE disappeared and a Tg at 43 °C was apparent. Furthermore, the solubility of CAR tested using the shaking flask method for 24 h at 37 °C was 1.2 μg/mL, whereas that of the co-amorphous system was approximately three times higher, at 3.5 μg/mL. Finally, the stability was evaluated by powder- X-ray diffraction at 40 °C; no clear diffraction peaks originating from crystals were observed in the amorphous state until after approximately 3 months of storage. These results indicate that co-amorphization of CAR with MLE improved the solubility of CAR while maintaining its stability in an amorphous form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Furuishi
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, 142-8501, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nanami Sato-Hata
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, 142-8501, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaori Fukuzawa
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, 142-8501, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University; 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Osaka Japan
| | - Etsuo Yonemochi
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, 142-8501, Tokyo, Japan
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Zemánková A, Hassouna F, Klajmon M, Fulem M. Solid–Liquid Equilibrium in Co-Amorphous Systems: Experiment and Prediction. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062492. [PMID: 36985463 PMCID: PMC10052153 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, the solid–liquid equilibrium (SLE) of four binary systems combining two active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) capable of forming co-amorphous systems (CAMs) was investigated. The binary systems studied were naproxen-indomethacin, naproxen-ibuprofen, naproxen-probucol, and indomethacin-paracetamol. The SLE was experimentally determined by differential scanning calorimetry. The thermograms obtained revealed that all binary mixtures investigated form eutectic systems. Melting of the initial binary crystalline mixtures and subsequent quenching lead to the formation of CAM for all binary systems and most of the compositions studied. The experimentally obtained liquidus and eutectic temperatures were compared to theoretical predictions using the perturbed-chain statistical associating fluid theory (PC-SAFT) equation of state and conductor-like screening model for real solvents (COSMO-RS), as implemented in the Amsterdam Modeling Suite (COSMO-RS-AMS). On the basis of the obtained results, the ability of these models to predict the phase diagrams for the investigated API–API binary systems was evaluated. Furthermore, the glass transition temperature (Tg) of naproxen (NAP), a compound with a high tendency to recrystallize, whose literature values are considerably scattered, was newly determined by measuring and modeling the Tg values of binary mixtures in which amorphous NAP was stabilized. Based on this analysis, erroneous literature values were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alžběta Zemánková
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.Z.); (M.K.)
| | - Fatima Hassouna
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Klajmon
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.Z.); (M.K.)
| | - Michal Fulem
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.Z.); (M.K.)
- Correspondence:
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25
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Vasilev NA, Voronin AP, Surov AO, Perlovich GL. Influence of Co-amorphization on the Physical Stability and Dissolution Performance of an Anthelmintic Drug Flubendazole. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:1657-1669. [PMID: 36732935 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the co-amorphization approach was applied to flubendazole (FluBZ), resulting in the formation of two novel solid forms of FluBZ with l-phenylalanine (Phe) and l-tryptophan (Trp). A variety of physicochemical techniques have been used to describe new systems, including powder X-ray diffraction, thermal methods, infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Co-amorphization has been shown to suppress crystallization tendency and considerably increase the shelf-life storage of amorphous flubendazole solid across a wide range of relative humidities. The dissolution behavior of the amorphous forms in biorelevant media at pH = 1.6, pH = 6.5, and 37 °C has been studied in terms of Cmax (maximum FluBZ concentration), Tmax (time to attain peak drug concentration), and AUC (concentration area under the curve during dissolution). At pH = 6.5, a continuous supersaturation and the highest AUC value of all examined systems were observed for the FluBZ-Phe (1:1) system. The phase solubility diagrams revealed that the reason for the better dissolution performance of FluBZ-Phe (1:1) at pH = 6.5 is a complexation between the components in a solution. This work highlights the applicability of co-amorphous systems in improving the physical stability and dissolution performance of drug compounds with poor biopharmaceutical characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita A Vasilev
- G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry RAS, 153045Ivanovo, Russia
| | | | - Artem O Surov
- G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry RAS, 153045Ivanovo, Russia
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Sørensen CM, Rantanen J, Grohganz H. Compaction Behavior of Co-Amorphous Systems. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030858. [PMID: 36986718 PMCID: PMC10056350 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Co-amorphous systems have been shown to be a promising strategy to address the poor water solubility of many drug candidates. However, little is known about the effect of downstream processing-induced stress on these systems. The aim of this study is to investigate the compaction properties of co-amorphous materials and their solid-state stability upon compaction. Model systems of co-amorphous materials consisting of carvedilol and the two co-formers aspartic acid and tryptophan were produced via spray drying. The solid state of matter was characterized using XRPD, DSC, and SEM. Co-amorphous tablets were produced with a compaction simulator, using varying amounts of MCC in the range of 24 to 95.5% (w/w) as a filler, and showed high compressibility. Higher contents of co-amorphous material led to an increase in the disintegration time; however, the tensile strength remained rather constant at around 3.8 MPa. No indication of recrystallization of the co-amorphous systems was observed. This study found that co-amorphous systems are able to deform plastically under pressure and form mechanically stable tablets.
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Muñoz Tecocoatzi MF, Páez-Franco JC, Rubio-Carrasco K, Núñez-Pineda A, Dorazco-González A, Fuentes-Noriega I, Vilchis-Néstor AR, Olvera LI, Morales-Morales D, Germán-Acacio JM. Ball-Milling Preparation of the Drug-Drug Solid Form of Pioglitazone-Rosuvastatin at Different Molar Ratios: Characterization and Intrinsic Dissolution Rates Evaluation. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020630. [PMID: 36839951 PMCID: PMC9959797 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Ball-milling using neat grinding (NG) or liquid-assisted grinding (LAG) by varying the polarity of the solvents allowed access to various drug-drug solid forms of pioglitazone hydrochloride (PGZ·HCl) and rosuvastatin calcium (RSV). Using NG, the coamorphous form was formed from the reaction of pioglitazone hydrochloride (PGZ·HCl) and rosuvastatin calcium (RSV) in a 2:1 molar ratio. The formation of the expected coamorphous salt could not be corroborated by FT-IR, but DSC data showed that it was indeed a single-phase amorphous mixture. By varying the molar ratios of the reactants, either keeping PGZ·HCl constant and varying RSV or vice versa, another coamorphous form was obtained when a 1:1 molar ratio was employed. In the case of the other outcomes, it was observed that they were a mixture of solid forms coexisting simultaneously with the coamorphous forms (1:1 or 2:1) together with the drug that was in excess. When RSV was in excess, it was in an amorphous form. In the case of PGZ·HCl, it was found in a semicrystalline form. The intrinsic dissolution rates (IDRs) of the solid forms of PGZ·HCl-RSV in stoichiometric ratios (1:1, 2:1, 1:4, 6:1, and 1:10) were evaluated. Interestingly, a synchronized release of both drugs in the dissolution medium was observed. In the case of the release of RSV, there were no improvements in the dissolution profiles, because the acidic media caused the formation of degradation products, limiting any probable modification in the dissolution processes. However, the coamorphous 2:1 form exhibited an improvement of 1.03 times with respect to pure PGZ·HCl. It is proposed that the modification of the dissolution process of the coamorphous 2:1 form was limited by changes in the pH of the media as RSV consumes protons from the media due to degradation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Fernanda Muñoz Tecocoatzi
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Coordinación de la Investigación Científica-UNAM, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición SZ, Ciudad de Mexico C.P. 14000, Mexico
| | - José C. Páez-Franco
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Coordinación de la Investigación Científica-UNAM, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición SZ, Ciudad de Mexico C.P. 14000, Mexico
| | - Kenneth Rubio-Carrasco
- Laboratorio de Biofarmacia, Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, UNAM, Ciudad de Mexico C.P. 04510, Mexico
| | - Alejandra Núñez-Pineda
- Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Química Sustentable CCIQS UAEM-UNAM, Carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco km 14.5, Toluca C.P. 50200, Mexico
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de Mexico C.P. 04510, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Dorazco-González
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de Mexico C.P. 04510, Mexico
| | - Inés Fuentes-Noriega
- Laboratorio de Biofarmacia, Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, UNAM, Ciudad de Mexico C.P. 04510, Mexico
| | - Alfredo R. Vilchis-Néstor
- Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Química Sustentable CCIQS UAEM-UNAM, Carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco km 14.5, Toluca C.P. 50200, Mexico
| | - Lilian I. Olvera
- Instituto de Investigacioes en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, CU Coyoacán, Ciudad de Mexico C.P. 04510, Mexico
| | - David Morales-Morales
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de Mexico C.P. 04510, Mexico
| | - Juan Manuel Germán-Acacio
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Coordinación de la Investigación Científica-UNAM, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición SZ, Ciudad de Mexico C.P. 14000, Mexico
- Correspondence:
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Budiman A, Rusdin A, Aulifa DL. Current Techniques of Water Solubility Improvement for Antioxidant Compounds and Their Correlation with Its Activity: Molecular Pharmaceutics. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:378. [PMID: 36829937 PMCID: PMC9952677 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The aqueous solubility of a drug is important in the oral formulation because the drug can be absorbed from intestinal sites after being dissolved in the gastrointestinal fluid, leading to its bioavailability. Almost 80% of active pharmaceutical ingredients are poorly water-soluble, including antioxidant compounds. This makes antioxidant activity inefficient in preventing disease, particularly for orally administered formulations. Although several investigations have been carried out to improve the solubility of antioxidant compounds, there is still limited research fully discussing the subject. Therefore, this study aimed to provide an overview and discussion of the issues related to the methods that have been used to improve the solubility and activity of antioxidant compounds. Articles were found using the keywords "antioxidant" and "water solubility improvement" in the Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases. The selected articles were published within the last five years to ensure all information was up-to-date with the same objectives. The most popular methods of the strategies employed were solid dispersion, co-amorphous, and nanoparticle drug delivery systems, which were used to enhance the solubility of antioxidant compounds. These investigations produced impressive results, with a detailed discussion of the mechanism of improvement in the solubility and antioxidant activity of the compounds developed. This review shows that the strategies used to increase the solubility of antioxidant compounds successfully improved their antioxidant activity with enhanced free radical scavenging abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Budiman
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia
| | - Agus Rusdin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia
- Department of Pharmacy, Poltekkes Kemenkes Bandung, Bandung 40161, Indonesia
| | - Diah Lia Aulifa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia
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Physicochemical Properties and Transdermal Absorption of a Flurbiprofen and Lidocaine Complex in the Non-Crystalline Form. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020318. [PMID: 36839643 PMCID: PMC9961180 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Amorphous drug formulations exploiting drug-drug interactions have been extensively studied. This study aims to develop a transdermal system containing an amorphous complex of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) flurbiprofen (FLU) and lidocaine (LDC) for alleviating chronic pain. The high-viscosity complex between FLU and LDC (Complex) was obtained by heating in ethanol. For the complex, attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed a shift in the carboxy-group-derived peak of FLU, and differential scanning calorimetry indicated the endothermic peaks associated with the melting of FLU and LDC disappeared. 13C dipolar decoupling and 15N cross-polarization magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance measurement suggested the interaction between the carboxyl group of FLU and the secondary amine of LDC. The interaction between the aromatic rings of FLU and LDC contributed to the molecular complex formation. The solubility of FLU from the complex was about 100 times greater than FLU alone. The skin permeation flux of FLU from the complex through the hairless mouse skin was 3.8 times higher than FLU alone in hypromellose gel. Thus, adding LDC to the formulation can be an effective method for enhancing the skin permeation of NSAIDs, which can prove useful for treating chronic pain and inflammatory diseases.
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Han J, Wei Y, Li L, Song Y, Pang Z, Qian S, Zhang J, Gao Y, Heng W. Gelation Elimination and Crystallization Inhibition by Co-Amorphous Strategy for Amorphous Curcumin. J Pharm Sci 2023; 112:182-194. [PMID: 35901945 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2022.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In the previous study, the development of amorphous curcumin (CUR) aimed to enhance the solubility/dissolution of CUR by disrupting its crystal lattice, but it unexpectedly showed a decreased dissolution than its crystalline counterpart on account of gel formation in its dissolution process. Whether such gelation could be eliminated by co-amorphous strategy was answered in this study. Herein, CUR by co-amorphization with chlorogenic acid (CHA) was successfully prepared using quench cooling. The formed co-amorphous material (namely CUR-CHA CM) eliminated the gelation and hence performed superior dissolution performance than crystalline/amorphous CUR. Meanwhile, it exhibited higher physical stability than amorphous CUR during dissolution as well as under long-term/accelerated conditions. To further study the such enhancement mechanism, the internal molecular interactions were investigated for CUR-CHA CM in the solid state as well as in aqueous solution. FTIR and solid-state 13C NMR spectra confirmed that intermolecular hydrogen bonds formed between CUR and CHA after co-amorphization. Furthermore, the nucleation of CUR was significantly inhibited by CHA in an aqueous solution, thus maintaining the supersaturated dissolution for a long time. The present study offers a feasible strategy to eliminate gelation and enhance stability of amorphous solids by co-amorphization and crystallization inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Han
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, PR China
| | - Yuanfeng Wei
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Luyuan Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Yutong Song
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Zunting Pang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Shuai Qian
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Yuan Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China.
| | - Weili Heng
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China.
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da Costa NF, Santos IA, Fernandes AI, Pinto JF. Sulfonic Acid Derivatives in the Production of Stable Co-Amorphous Systems for Solubility Enhancement. J Pharm Sci 2022; 111:3327-3339. [PMID: 36007560 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2022.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Co-amorphization is a promising approach to stabilize drugs in the amorphous form. Olanzapine, a poorly water-soluble drug was used in this study. Sulfonic acids (saccharin, cyclamic acid and acesulfame), free and in salt forms, were used as co-formers and compared with carboxylic acids commonly used in the preparation of co-amorphous systems. Several manufacturing techniques were tested, and the co-amorphous systems characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray powder diffraction, thermogravimetry and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Free sulfonic acids produced co-amorphous systems with the drug, unlike their salts. Spectroscopy data suggests the formation of salts between olanzapine and the sulfonic acids, used as co-formers. The co-amorphous system produced with saccharin by solvent evaporation, showed the most notable solubility enhancement (145 times). The stability of amorphous and co-amorphous olanzapine systems was assessed upon exposure to stress conditions during storage. Amorphized olanzapine readily reconverted back to the crystalline form while sulfonic acids:olanzapine co-amorphous were stable for up to 24 weeks in low/medium humidity conditions (11-75% RH). Results highlight the potential advantages offered by sulfonic acids as co-formers to produce stable and more soluble co-amorphous olanzapine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno F da Costa
- iMed.ULisboa - Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Inês A Santos
- iMed.ULisboa - Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; CiiEM - Interdisciplinary Research Center Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Ana I Fernandes
- CiiEM - Interdisciplinary Research Center Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
| | - João F Pinto
- iMed.ULisboa - Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
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Solventless amorphization and pelletization using a high shear granulator. Part II; Preparation of co-amorphous mixture-layered pellets using indomethacin and arginine. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2022; 181:183-194. [PMID: 36400253 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the preparation of co-amorphous mixture-layered pellets using solventless pelletization and amorphization using a high shear granulator (as suggested in the first part of this study) by high shear mixing of drug crystals and a crystalline co-former with inactive spheres. Mixtures of crystalline indomethacin and arginine at various molar ratios were mixed with microcrystalline cellulose spheres at a weight ratio of 1:10 using the granulator and the resulting particles were characterized using solid-state and particle analytical techniques as well as dissolution testing and physical stability. At jacket temperatures of 20 °C or more of the granulator, co-processing of indomethacin and arginine enhanced amorphization of indomethacin and provided a co-amorphous mixture due to homogenous mixing of indomethacin and arginine amorphous phases. The co-amorphous mixture was deposited on the surface of the spheres, yielding co-amorphous mixture-layered pellets. The co-amorphous mixtures at molar ratios of indomethacin to arginine of 2:1 and 1:1, deposited on the pellets, did not recrystallize for at least 4 weeks. The pellets exhibited higher dissolution characteristics as additional hypromellose could prevent precipitation. These findings demonstrate the potential of this technique as a solventless approach to prepare co-amorphous mixture-layered pellets through a one-step process.
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Wu H, Ma J, Qian S, Jiang W, Liu Y, Li J, Ke Z, Feng K. Co-amorphization of posaconazole using citric acid as an acidifier and a co-former for solubility improvement. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.104136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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da Costa NF, Azevedo RF, Lopes JA, Fernandes AI, Pinto JF. In Situ Co-Amorphization of Olanzapine in the Matrix and on the Coat of Pellets. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122587. [PMID: 36559080 PMCID: PMC9783598 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In situ amorphization is a promising approach, considered in the present work, to enhance the solubility and dissolution rate of olanzapine, while minimizing the exposure of the amorphous material to the stress conditions applied during conventional processing. The production of pellets by extrusion/spheronization and the coating of inert beads were investigated as novel methods to promote the co-amorphization of olanzapine, a poorly water-soluble drug, and saccharin. Samples were characterized using differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, and dissolution and stability testing. The co-amorphous produced were compared with crystalline olanzapine, or physical mixture of olanzapine and saccharin. Results suggested that the addition of water to mixtures containing olanzapine and saccharin during the production of pellets, and the coating of inert beads, induced the in situ co-amorphization of these substances. The coating of inert beads enhanced the solubility and dissolution rate of olanzapine, especially when compared to pellets coated with the crystalline drug, but also with pellets containing the co-amorphous entity in the matrix of beads. Nine months stability tests (23 °C/60% RH) confirmed the preservation of the solid-state properties of the co-amorphous form on/in pellets. Overall, results highlighted the feasibility and benefits of in situ co-amorphization, either when the drug was entrapped in the pellets matrix, or preferentially applied directly on the surface of pellets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno F. da Costa
- iMed.ULisboa—Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Raquel F. Azevedo
- iMed.ULisboa—Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João A. Lopes
- iMed.ULisboa—Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana I. Fernandes
- CiiEM—Interdisciplinary Research Center Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-212946823
| | - João F. Pinto
- iMed.ULisboa—Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
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Adhikari BR, Gordon KC, Das SC. Solid state of inhalable high dose powders. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 189:114468. [PMID: 35917868 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
High dose inhaled powders have received increased attention for treating lung infections. These powders can be prepared using techniques such as spray drying, spray-freeze drying, crystallization, and milling. The selected preparation technique is known to influence the solid state of the powders, which in turn can potentially modulate aerosolization and aerosolization stability. This review focuses on how and to what extent the change in solid state of high dose powders can influence aerosolization. It also discusses the commonly used solid state characterization techniques and the application of potential strategies to improve the physical and chemical stability of the amorphous powders for high dose delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Keith C Gordon
- The Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Shyamal C Das
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
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36
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Mechanical Activation by Ball Milling as a Strategy to Prepare Highly Soluble Pharmaceutical Formulations in the Form of Co-Amorphous, Co-Crystals, or Polymorphs. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14102003. [PMID: 36297439 PMCID: PMC9607342 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14102003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Almost half of orally administered active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) have low solubility, which affects their bioavailability. In the last two decades, several alternatives have been proposed to modify the crystalline structure of APIs to improve their solubility; these strategies consist of inducing supramolecular structural changes in the active pharmaceutical ingredients, such as the amorphization and preparation of co-crystals or polymorphs. Since many APIs are thermosensitive, non-thermal emerging alternative techniques, such as mechanical activation by milling, have become increasingly common as a preparation method for drug formulations. This review summarizes the recent research in preparing pharmaceutical formulations (co-amorphous, co-crystals, and polymorphs) through ball milling to enhance the physicochemical properties of active pharmaceutical ingredients. This report includes detailed experimental milling conditions (instrumentation, temperature, time, solvent, etc.), as well as solubility, bioavailability, structural, and thermal stability data. The results and description of characterization techniques to determine the structural modifications resulting from transforming a pure crystalline API into a co-crystal, polymorph, or co-amorphous system are presented. Additionally, the characterization methodologies and results of intermolecular interactions induced by mechanical activation are discussed to explain the properties of the pharmaceutical formulations obtained after the ball milling process.
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Wang Z, Chen X, Li D, Bai E, Zhang H, Duan Y, Huang Y. Platensimycin-berberine chloride co-amorphous drug system: Sustained release and prolonged half-life. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2022; 179:126-136. [PMID: 36087879 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Co-amorphous technology is an emerging approach for pharmaceutical engineering of drugs and drug leads with improved physicochemical properties and bioavailability. Platensimycin (PTM) is a promising natural antibiotic lead that acts on bacterial fatty acid synthase and exhibits excellent antibacterial activity. Despite great strides to improve its poor pharmacokinetics by medicinal chemistry and nanotechnology, there are no convenient oral delivery systems developed. Here, a co-amorphous system of PTM and berberine chloride (BCL) was developed for oral delivery of PTM. Co-amorphous PTM-BCL was prepared by rotary vacuum evaporation method, and systematically characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, temperature modulated differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Compared with PTM or BCL alone, the equilibrium solubility and dissolution rate of both of them in the co-amorphous systems decreased significantly, showing the characteristics of sustained release. The molecular interactions between PTM and BCL were mediated by strong charged-mediated hydrogen bonds, based on FTIR, XPS, and NMR-based techniques. The co-amorphous PTM-BCL system showed excellent physiochemical stability at room and elevated (40 °C) temperature under dry conditions. The combination of PTM and BCL showed increased killing of a clinical isolated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strain in killing checkerboard assays. Finally, co-amorphous PTM-BCL exhibited 2- or 3-fold longer half-life in rats than that of crystalline and amorphous PTM upon oral administration, respectively. Our study suggests a rational approach to realize the full potential of potent antibiotic PTM, which may be conveniently adapted for engineering of other important pharmaceutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- Xiangya International Academy of Translational Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China
| | - Xin Chen
- Xiangya International Academy of Translational Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China
| | - Duanxiu Li
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Imaging, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, PR China; Guangdong Institute of Semiconductor Micro-Nano Manufacturing Technology, Foshan 528200, PR China
| | - Enhe Bai
- Xiangya International Academy of Translational Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China
| | - Hailu Zhang
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Imaging, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Yanwen Duan
- Xiangya International Academy of Translational Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China; Hunan Engineering Research Center of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Natural Product Drug Discovery, PR China; National Engineering Research Center of Combinatorial Biosynthesis for Drug Discovery, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China
| | - Yong Huang
- Xiangya International Academy of Translational Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China; National Engineering Research Center of Combinatorial Biosynthesis for Drug Discovery, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China.
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38
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da Costa NF, Daniels R, Fernandes AI, Pinto JF. Downstream Processing of Amorphous and Co-Amorphous Olanzapine Powder Blends. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14081535. [PMID: 35893791 PMCID: PMC9332588 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The work evaluates the stability of amorphous and co-amorphous olanzapine (OLZ) in tablets manufactured by direct compression. The flowability and the compressibility of amorphous and co-amorphous OLZ with saccharin (SAC) and the properties of the tablets obtained were measured and compared to those of tablets made with crystalline OLZ. The flowability of the amorphous and mostly of the co-amorphous OLZ powders decreased in comparison with the crystalline OLZ due to the higher cohesiveness of the former materials. The stability of the amorphous and co-amorphous OLZ prior to and after tableting was monitored by XRPD, FTIR, and NIR spectroscopies. Tablets presented long-lasting amorphous OLZ with enhanced water solubility, but the release rate of the drug decreased in comparison with tablets containing crystalline OLZ. In physical mixtures made of crystalline OLZ and SAC, an extent of amorphization of approximately 20% was accomplished through the application of compaction pressures and dwell times of 155 MPa and 5 min, respectively. The work highlighted the stability of amorphous and co-amorphous OLZ during tableting and the positive effect of compaction pressure on the formation of co-amorphous OLZ, providing an expedited amorphization technique, given that the process development-associated hurdles were overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno F. da Costa
- iMed.ULisboa—Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (N.F.d.C.); (J.F.P.)
| | - Rolf Daniels
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Eberhard Karls University, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany;
| | - Ana I. Fernandes
- CiiEM—Interdisciplinary Research Center Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-212946823
| | - João F. Pinto
- iMed.ULisboa—Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (N.F.d.C.); (J.F.P.)
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Abstract
![]()
The effectiveness
of a partial least squares-discriminant analysis
coamorphous prediction model was tested using coamorphous screening
data for a promising coamorphous former, the dimer of N-vinyl(caprolactam) (bisVCap) with a range of active pharmaceutical
ingredients. The prediction model predicted 71% of the systems correctly.
An experimental coamorphous screen was performed with this coformer
with 13 different active pharmaceutical ingredients, and the results
were compared to the predictions from the model. A total of 85% of
the systems were correctly predicted. Stability assessments of three
coamorphous systems showed that the prediction model score did not
strongly correlate with the stability of the coamorphous material.
The model performed well with small-molecule coformers, such as bisVCap,
despite the difference in structure and properties compared to the
amino-acid-based model training set.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke I Chambers
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Lower Mountjoy, Stockton Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
| | - Osama M Musa
- Ashland LLC, 1005 Route 202/206, Bridgewater, New Jersey 08807, United States
| | - Jonathan W Steed
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Lower Mountjoy, Stockton Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
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40
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Amorphization of Drugs for Transdermal Delivery-a Recent Update. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14050983. [PMID: 35631568 PMCID: PMC9143970 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14050983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Amorphous solid dispersion is a popular formulation approach for orally administered poorly water-soluble drugs, especially for BCS class II. But oral delivery could not be an automatic choice for some drugs with high first-pass metabolism susceptibility. In such cases, transdermal delivery is considered an alternative if the drug is potent and the dose is less than 10 mg. Amorphization of drugs causes supersaturation and enhances the thermodynamic activity of the drugs. Hence, drug transport through the skin could be improved. The stabilization of amorphous system is a persistent challenge that restricts its application. A polymeric system, where amorphous drug is dispersed in a polymeric carrier, helps its stability. However, high excipient load often becomes problematic for the polymeric amorphous system. Coamorphous formulation is another approach, where one drug is mixed with another drug or low molecular weight compound, which stabilizes each other, restricts crystallization, and maintains a single-phase homogenous amorphous system. Prevention of recrystallization along with enhanced skin permeation has been observed by the transdermal coamorphous system. But scalable manufacturing methods, extensive stability study and in-depth in vivo evaluation are lacking. This review has critically studied the mechanistic aspects of amorphization and transdermal permeation by analyzing recent researches in this field to propose a future direction.
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Ohshima K, Ohsaki S, Nakamura H, Watano S. Mechanism of Solubility Enhancement of Poorly Water-Soluble Drugs Triggered by Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2022; 70:383-390. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c22-00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Ohshima
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University (Currently known as Osaka Metropolitan University)
| | - Shuji Ohsaki
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University (Currently known as Osaka Metropolitan University)
| | - Hideya Nakamura
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University (Currently known as Osaka Metropolitan University)
| | - Satoru Watano
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University (Currently known as Osaka Metropolitan University)
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42
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Comparison of improvements of aqueous dissolution of structurally analogous hydrophobic drugs by amorphous solid dispersion. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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43
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Tomar D, Lodagekar A, Gunnam A, Allu S, Chavan RB, Tharkar M, Ajithkumar TG, Nangia AK, Shastri NR. The effects of cis and trans butenedioic acid on the physicochemical behavior of lumefantrine. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce01709d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A study of the differences in the effects of cis (maleic acid) and trans (fumaric acid) isomers of butenedioic acid on the crystallinity, amorphous nature, and pharmaceutical behaviour of the antimalarial drug lumefantrine is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devendrasingh Tomar
- Solid-State Pharmaceutical Research Group (SSPRG), Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, 500 037, India
| | - Anurag Lodagekar
- Solid-State Pharmaceutical Research Group (SSPRG), Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, 500 037, India
| | - Anilkumar Gunnam
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Prof. C. R. Rao Road, Gachibowli Central University P.O., Hyderabad 500 046, India
| | - Suryanarayana Allu
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Prof. C. R. Rao Road, Gachibowli Central University P.O., Hyderabad 500 046, India
| | - Rahul B. Chavan
- Solid-State Pharmaceutical Research Group (SSPRG), Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, 500 037, India
| | - Minakshi Tharkar
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411 008, India
| | - T. G. Ajithkumar
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411 008, India
| | - Ashwini K. Nangia
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Prof. C. R. Rao Road, Gachibowli Central University P.O., Hyderabad 500 046, India
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411 008, India
| | - Nalini R. Shastri
- Solid-State Pharmaceutical Research Group (SSPRG), Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, 500 037, India
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Ball milling and hot-melt extrusion of indomethacin-L-arginine-vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer: Solid-state properties and dissolution performance. Int J Pharm 2021; 613:121424. [PMID: 34968683 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Commonly applied approaches to enhance the dissolution properties of low water-soluble crystalline active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) include their amorphization by incorporation into a polymeric matrix and the formation of amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs), or blending APIs with low-molecular-weight excipients and the formation of a co-amorphous system. This study focused on the preparation and characterization of binary (consisting of indomethacin (IND) and polymer - copovidone (PVP VA 64), as a carrier, or amino acid - L-arginine (ARG), as a co-former) and ternary (comprising the same API, polymer, and amino acid) formulations. Formulations were produced by ball milling (BM) and/or hot-melt extrusion (HME), and extensive physicochemical characterization was performed. Specifically, the physicochemical and solid-state properties of a model IND-ARG system incorporated into a polymeric matrix of PVP VA 64 by HME and BM as well as by combined BM/HME method together with the impact of the preparation strategy on the dissolution profiles and long-term physical stability were investigated. Ball-milled binary and ternary formulations were found to be amorphous. The residual crystals corresponding to IND-ARG salt were identified in the ternary formulations produced via HME. Despite the presence of a crystalline phase, dissolution tests showed that ternary systems prepared by HME exhibited improved IND solubility when compared to pure crystalline IND and their corresponding physical mixture. None of the binary and ternary formulations that were initially fully amorphous did undergo recrystallization during the entire period of preservation (minimum of 12 months) in dry conditions at 25℃.
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Synthesis, Characterization, and Intrinsic Dissolution Studies of Drug-Drug Eutectic Solid Forms of Metformin Hydrochloride and Thiazide Diuretics. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13111926. [PMID: 34834341 PMCID: PMC8620433 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanochemical synthesis of drug–drug solid forms containing metformin hydrochloride (MET·HCl) and thiazide diuretics hydrochlorothiazide (HTZ) or chlorothiazide (CTZ) is reported. Characterization of these new systems indicates formation of binary eutectic conglomerates, i.e., drug–drug eutectic solids (DDESs). Further analysis by construction of binary diagrams (DSC screening) exhibited the characteristic V-shaped form indicating formation of DDESs in both cases. These new DDESs were further characterized by different techniques, including thermal analysis (DSC), solid state NMR spectroscopy (SSNMR), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis (SEM–EDS). In addition, intrinsic dissolution rate experiments and solubility assays were performed. In the case of MET·HCl-HTZ (χMET·HCl = 0.66), we observed a slight enhancement in the dissolution properties compared with pure HTZ (1.21-fold). The same analysis for the solid forms of MET·HCl-CTZ (χMET·HCl = 0.33 and 0.5) showed an enhancement in the dissolved amount of CTZ accompanied by a slight improvement in solubility. From these dissolution profiles and saturation solubility studies and by comparing the thermodynamic parameters (ΔHfus and ΔSfus) of the pure drugs with these new solid forms, it can be observed that there was a limited modification in these properties, not modifying the free energy of the solution (ΔG) and thus not allowing an improvement in the dissolution and solubility properties of these solid forms.
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46
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Uchiyama H. [Construction of Coamorphous Technology Aimed at Improving Membrane Permeability and Application to Emulsion]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2021; 141:1223-1228. [PMID: 34719541 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.21-00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The coamorphous formation between naringenin (NRG) and hesperetin (HPT) was investigated with the aim of enhancing their solubility and membrane permeability. In addition, application to emulsion of coamorphous was investigated. The melt-quenched particles (MQPs) of NRG and HPT were prepared in a range of molar ratios of NRG/HPT (3/1 to 1/3). All MQPs showed the amorphous state and single glass transition temperature. MQPs of NRG/HPT (1/1) could kept the amorphous state under storage. On the other hand, other MQPs recrystallized from the compound with a higher molar ratio. These results indicated that NRG and HPT formed the coamorphous at a molar ratio of 1 to 1. The coamorphous formation enhanced the apparent solubilities of NRG and HPT in aqueous media. Furthermore, MQPs of NRG/HPT (1/1) increased a permeated amount of NRG and HPT via the synthetic membrane in Franz Cell. When the solubility of NRG and HPT in oil components were investigated, the MQPs of NRG/HPT (1/1) enhanced the solubility of both compounds. This study highlighted the importance of coamorphous formation as a formulation to enhance solubility in oil components and aqueous media, and membrane permeability of both NRG and HPT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromasa Uchiyama
- Laboratory of Formulation Design and Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences
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47
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Zhang J, Shi Q, Qu T, Zhou D, Cai T. Crystallization kinetics and molecular dynamics of binary coamorphous systems of nimesulide and profen analogs. Int J Pharm 2021; 610:121235. [PMID: 34743960 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Coamorphous drug delivery systems have emerged as a promising formulation technique for improving the solubility and oral bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs. The selection of a suitable coformer is the key to obtaining a successful coamorphous formulation. This study aims to investigate the impacts of coformers with similar chemical structures but different physical properties on the crystallization behavior and molecular dynamics of binary amorphous systems. The addition of three profen analogs, ibuprofen (IBU), ketoprofen (KETO) and indoprofen (INDO) leads to significantly different effects on the crystallization kinetics of amorphous nimesulide (NIME). The crystal growth rates for amorphous NIME are substantially accelerated in the presence of IBU, but drastically reduced in the presence of INDO, while the incorporation of KETO results in a negligible effect. Broadband dielectric spectroscopy is employed to characterize the molecular dynamics of neat amorphous NIME and coamorphous systems. The addition of three structural analogs alters the molecular mobility of amorphous NIME in different ways, which is consistent with the trend observed for their impacts on the crystallization kinetics, suggesting that the relative mobility between the components of coamorphous mixtures governs the physical stability. In addition, it is found that the temperature dependence of the α-relaxation times for NIME with and without coformers is superimposed once the temperature is scaled by Tg/T, whereas the crystallization kinetics do not overlap on a Tg/T scale. This deviation can result from a complex interplay of thermodynamic and kinetic factors involved in multicomponent amorphous systems. This study provides insights into the crystallization kinetics and molecular dynamics of coamorphous systems containing drug analogs, which can potentially offer more flexibility for the control of physical stability without sacrificing therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Tengfei Qu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Dongshan Zhou
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Ting Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Shete S, Reddy SC, Lakshman YD, Vullendula SKA, Mehta CH, Nayak UY, Dengale S. Implications of phase solubility/miscibility and drug-rich phase formation on the performance of co-amorphous materials: The case of Darunavir co-amorphous materials with Ritonavir and Indomethacin as co-formers. Int J Pharm 2021; 608:121119. [PMID: 34560205 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the contribution of solid-state and the impact of composite drug-rich phase generated as a consequence of pH shift on the maximum achievable supersaturation of co-amorphous formulations. The co-amorphous phases of weak base-weak base-pair i.e. Ritonavir and Darunavir were prepared in anticipation of studying the effect of drug-rich phase consequent to pH shift. While the co-amorphous phases of weak base-Weak acid pair i.e. Darunavir and Indomethacin were studied to understand the manifestation of the solid-state drug: co-former miscibility in the absence of drug rich phase. Thermodynamically, the lowering of the supersaturation was found commensurate with the mole fraction of the respective component (Drug/Co-former) within the co-amorphous materials for both Darunavir: Ritonavir and Darunavir: Indomethacin pair. Kinetically, for Darunavir: Ritonavir co-amorphous materials, the shift in the pH from acidic to the neutral side led to the generation of drug-rich phase and subsequent LLPS. The free drug concentration achieved in the bulk of the solution was found dependent upon the mole fraction of the respective component within the drug-rich phase. The relative mole fraction of each component within the composite drug-rich phase is dictated by pH-dependent solubility and molecular weight of the individual components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushant Shete
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Sai Charan Reddy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Yarlagadda Dani Lakshman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Sai Krishna Anand Vullendula
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Chetan Hasmukh Mehta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Usha Yogendra Nayak
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Swapnil Dengale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India; Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Changsari 781101, India.
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49
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Han J, Li L, Su M, Heng W, Wei Y, Gao Y, Qian S. Deaggregation and Crystallization Inhibition by Small Amount of Polymer Addition for a Co-Amorphous Curcumin-Magnolol System. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13101725. [PMID: 34684018 PMCID: PMC8540313 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Different from previously reported co-amorphous systems, a co-amorphous curcumin-magnolol (CUR-MAG CM) system, as compared with its crystalline counterparts, exhibited decreased dissolution due to its aggregation during dissolution. The main purpose of the present study is to deaggregate CUR-MAG CM to optimize drug dissolution and explore the deaggregation mechanism involved. Herein, a small amount of polymer (HPMC, HPC, and PVP K30) was co-formulated at 5% (w/w) with CUR-MAG CM as ternary co-amorphous systems. The polymer addition changed the surface properties of CUR-MAG CM including improved water wettability enhanced surface free energy, and hence exerted a deaggregating effect. As a result, the ternary co-amorphous systems showed faster and higher dissolution as compared with crystalline CUR/MAG and CUR-MAG CM. In addition, the nucleation and crystal growth of dissolved CUR and MAG molecules were significantly inhibited by the added polymer, maintaining a supersaturated concentration for a long time. Furthermore, polymer addition increased the Tg of CUR-MAG CM, potentially involving molecular interactions and inhibiting molecular mobility, resulting in enhanced physical stability under 25 °C/60% RH and 40 °C/75% RH conditions. Therefore, this study provides a promising strategy to optimize the dissolution and physical stability of co-amorphous systems by deaggregation and crystallization inhibition via adding small amounts of polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yuan Gao
- Correspondence: (Y.G.); (S.Q.); Tel.: +86-25-83379418 (Y.G.); +86-139-1595-7175 (S.Q.)
| | - Shuai Qian
- Correspondence: (Y.G.); (S.Q.); Tel.: +86-25-83379418 (Y.G.); +86-139-1595-7175 (S.Q.)
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Silva JF, Rosado MT, Eusébio MES. Structure and energetics of intermolecular association in two lurasidone co-amorphous drug systems. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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